高考英语二轮复习情态动词讲义以及练习题（含答案）

高考考察三种形式：定义、结合时态、虚拟语气

1. 情态动词基础知识。

不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。虽有时态的变化，但却没有人称和数的变化。

情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列：有can (could), may (might), must, need, dare (dared), shall, will (would), should, ought to, have to, used to, had better, would rather 等

2.情态动词易混点比较多。以用法归类，注意各个词的用法。

一、以用法归类

1.表示能力 can /could , be able to

区别：be able to 可以用于各个时态；而can只可以用于现在和过去（could）。

e.g.  I can do it by myself.(强调能力)

e.g.  If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this question.（强调通过努力）

2.重点记忆，易混--表推测。

表示可能性的各个情态动词，按可能性由大到小排列:

must（肯定的推测）—should(按说应该)—-- --may(也许)--could(可能性比may弱)—might(微弱可能性)     

may well, might well可能性会增加。

（肯定推测没有can，can无肯，may无疑。）

(例外：can表示有时会   Our English teacher is considerate, helpful, and warmhearted, but sometimes she_can_be angry at our silly mistakes.)

否定推测

强烈否定 不可能--can’t /couldn’t;  不应该shouldn’t； 可能不may not , might not

否定推测没有mustn’t! Mustn’t—禁止！

3.表示必要性、义务、责任

必须—must/have to  责任义务—should/ought to

4.表示请求、建议、命令，允许

may/ can/ could I

May I sit down?—No, you mustn’t.

记住请求允许时、提出建议时 shall用于一三人称，will用于第二人称。

Shall we have lunch now?     Will you do me a favour?     Shall they bring it to you?

5.表示意愿、意志、决心、允诺

Shall 与二三人称连用，表示命令、法律法规规章规定、允诺。

Nobody shall touch the picture in the exhibition.

The first one to complete the task shall get cash reward.

will ,would表示意愿、决心

I will be glad if he will help me.   He told me he would do everything for me.

6.表示习惯和倾向

will可以用来讲述真理，还可以叙述目前的习惯;重点是would描述过去的习惯倾向。

would和used to 的区别：

would表示过去习惯性的动作，强调动作重复性。Used to表示过去的倾向或习惯，现在已经没有了。

二、以单词归类（主要情态动词）

shall 在一、三人称时表示：提出建议或者请求允许。

二、三表示允诺、命令、威胁、警告。

Should可以表“竟然”

must表示“非要，偏要”

Must you make so much noise?

三、结合时态

+have done

must have done             推测过去一定做了某事

can/could have done         过去本来能够做

cannot/ couldn’t have done    过去没能做

may/might have done         也许已经做了某事

should have done            本应该做而实际未做

shouldn’t have done          本不应该做（实际做完了）

needn’t have done            不需要做（却做完了）

练习

1．--What’s your name?

--Khulaifi.______I spell that for you?

  A.Shall               B. Would              C. Can                   D. Might

2. It’s beyond our comprehension that Jim, who tops the class in English,______have difficulty translating such a simple sentence.

  A.shall                B. should             C. might                 D. must

3. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother______take me to Disneyland at weekends.

   A.might              B. must              C. would                 D. should

4. I ______have no interest in English, but now I listen to VOA news every day and my English has improved.

A. would             B.used to             C.must                  D.ought to

5. The new supermarket announced that the first to the purchase goods on the opening day______get a big prize.

  A.must                B. will                C. shall                 D. need

6. Lisa ______well not want to go on the trip—she hates travelling.

   A. could              B. should              C. may                 D.can

7. You_______ be Jim. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.

--What does the sign over there read?

  A.will                B. need               C.shall                   D. must

8. --No person______smoke or carry a lighted cigarette or pipe in this area.

  A.will                B. need               C.shall                   D. must

9. Some young people these days just______ go out of their homes to contact the real world.

  A.mustn’t             B. won’t              C. mightn’t               D. shouldn’t

参考答案：

ABCBC   CDCB