高中英语必修三 重点词汇综合训练含答案

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册本册综合当堂达标检测题，共13页。
Ⅰ.重点词汇1．basis  n. 基础；根据；基点on the basis of 在某事物的基础上；根据某事have a basis in fact 有事实基础a basis for sth. ……的基本内容2．apologise (also apologize) vi. 道歉；谢罪(1)apologise for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而道歉apologise to sb. that ... 向某人道歉apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apology  n. 道歉；谢罪make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉3．judge vt.& vi. 评价；评判；判断　n. 法官；审判员；裁判员(1)judge ... from/by ...  从……来判断as_far_as I can judge 据我判断，我认为(2)judging by/from 根据……判断4．spot  vt. 看见；注意到；发现　n. 地点；处所；斑点；污迹(1)spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事be spotted with 散布；点缀(2)on the spot 当场；在现场5．patience  n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力(1)have patience with ...  对……有耐心have the patience to_do sth. 有耐心做某事be out_of patience with ...  对……再也不能忍受了beyond patience 无法忍受with patience 耐心地(2)patient  adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的be patient with  对……有耐心6．indicate  vt.& vi.  表明；显示　vt. 象征；暗示(1)indicate sth. (to sb.)  (向某人)指出/暗示某事indicate that/wh­clause  表明；示意(2)indication n. 指示；表明；标示7．scene  n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面on the scene 在场；出现；到场behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中appear/come on the scene 出场；登场8．bet  n. 打赌；赌注　vi.& vt. 下赌注；用……打赌　vt. 敢说 (bet, bet)(1)make a bet 打个赌make/have/put a bet on  对……下赌注(打赌)(2)bet on sth. 赌某事(物)bet sb. sth. on sth./v.－ing 对……和某人打赌bet (sb.) that  (和某人)打赌说……9．obligation  n. 义务；职责；责任(1)under an obligation 有义务be under an obligation to_do sth. 有义务做某事under no obligation 没有义务(2)obligate  v. 迫使be obligated to 有义务/必要做某事10．intention  n. 打算；计划；意图；目的(1)intention of (doing sth.)/to_do sth. 做某事的打算/计划/意图(2)intentional  adj. 故意的；有意的；存心的(3)intentionally  adv. 故意地；有意地；存心地11．hesitate  vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑(1)hesitate to_do sth. 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事heistate about/in/at/over (doing) sth.  (做)某事犹豫不决(2)hesitation  n. 踌躇；犹豫have no hesitation in doing sth.  毫不犹豫地做某事without hesitation 毫不犹豫地12．option  n. 可选择的事物；选择；选择权(1)option (of doing sth.) 可选择的事物；选择的自由have no option 没有其他选择余地 (2)optional  adj. 可选择的；选修的(3)optionally  adv. 可选择地13．willing adj. 愿意；乐意(1)be willing to_do sth. 愿意或乐意做某事(2)willingly adv. 愿意地；乐意地(3)willingness  n. 乐意；心甘情愿14．permit  vt.& vi. 允许；准许；使有可能(1)permit sb. to_do sth. 允许某人做某事permit (sb.'s) doing sth. 允许做某事(2)permission  n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证without one's permission 未经某人允许ask_for permission 请求允许重点知识 合作探究 1spot vt. 看见；注意到；发现　n. 地点；处所；斑点；污迹(教材P52)归纳拓展(1)spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事be spotted with 散布；点缀(2)on the spot 当场；在现场①On the way, we spotted_a_man_holding a piece of paper that said，“Lost my job.Family to Feed.”在路上，我们发现一个人拿着一张纸，纸上写着“失业中，家人需要养活。”②We lay on the grass, staring at the night sky which was_spotted__with twinkling stars.我们躺在草地上，凝视着星光闪烁的夜空。③In addition, there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on_the_spot.此外，一些著名艺术家现场表演如何剪纸。(1)单句语法填空①I was waiting for my friend when I suddenly spotted a man not far from me ________ (stare) at me.②When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police ________ the spot.③Just as the car reached the spot ________ she was standing, I pulled her to safety.答案：①staring　②on　③where(2)单句写作他们承认当时在场。They admitted that they were then ________________.答案：on the spot 2patience n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力(教材P52)归纳拓展(1)have patience with ... 对……有耐心have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事be out of patience with ...  对……再也不能忍受了beyond patience 无法忍受 with patience 耐心地(2)patient adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的be patient with 对……有耐心①The teacher had_no_patience_with the less intelligent pupils.那位老师对不太聪明的学生没有耐性。②I don't_have__the_patience_to_hear your complaints again.我没耐性再听你的抱怨。③I was_out_of_patience_with his carelessness.我对他的粗枝大叶简直无法容忍。④She's_very_patient_with young children.她对幼儿特别有耐心。(1)单句语法填空①He doesn't have the patience ________ (wait)．②I have no patience ________ Tom's laziness.③You'll just have to be ________ (patience) and wait till I'm finished.答案：①to wait　②with　③patient (2)单句写作①我可没有耐心整天坐着缝缝补补。I don't have the ______________ sewing all day.②教师对学生应该耐心。 Teachers ought to be ________________ students.答案：①patience to sit　②patient with  3About a month ago, I was sailing，and towards night I found_myself_carried_out to sea by a strong wind.(教材P52)大约一个月以前，我在一个晚上出海航行，傍晚时分我发现被一股强烈的海风刮到海上去了。剖析句中 found myself carried out ... 是“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构。find oneself ...“发现自己处于某种境地”，而且含有“在不知不觉中……”的意思。反身代词myself作found的宾语；过去分词carried作宾语补足语。归纳拓展“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构形式归纳：find＋宾语＋形容词/副词find＋宾语＋介词短语find＋宾语＋现在分词(表主动、进行)find＋宾语＋过去分词(表被动、完成)find it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)①When day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain.天亮时，我们发现自己来到了那座山脚下的一个小村庄里。②When he came to himself, he found himself lying in hospital.当他苏醒过来时，发现自己躺在医院里。③I found myself surrounded by a group of children.我发现自己被一群孩子围住了。④He tried the door and found it unlocked.他推了推门，发现门没有锁。⑤At my age I would find it hard to get another job.到了我这个年纪自己就会发觉很难再找到一份工作了。(1)单句语法填空①I still find it terrifying to find myself ________ (surround) by a large number of horses.②A fisherman abandons his big­city life to find ________ (he) in the wild.③Some students find it not easy ________ (understand) English grammar.答案：①surrounded　②himself　③to understand(2)单句写作①他震惊地发现自己被监视。He was shocked to find himself ________________.②大约半小时后，玛丽发现自己在读同一页。After about half an hour, Mary ____________________ the same page.③我发现与她相处很难。I found ________________________ along with her.答案：①spied on　②found herself reading　③it hard/difficult to get 重点知识 合作探究  1obligation n. 义务；职责；责任(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)under an obligation有义务be under an obligation to do sth. 有义务做某事under no obligation 没有义务(2)obligate v. 迫使be obligated to 有义务/必要做某事①You are_under_no_obligation_to_buy anything.你不必非买什么东西不可。②He felt_obligated_to help the homeless.他觉得有义务帮助无家可归的人。(1)单句语法填空①We are invited, but we are under no obligation ________ (go)．②I have an ________ (obligate) to keep secret for the taxpayer.③I'm not ________ (obligate) to share every little detail of my life with you.答案：①to go　②obligation　③obligated(2)单句写作每个选手都必须遵守这些规则。Every player is ________________ to keep the rules.答案：under an obligation 2intention n. 打算；计划；意图；目的(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)intention of (doing sth.)/to do sth. 做某事的打算/计划/意图(2)intentional adj. 故意的；有意的；存心的(3)intentionally adv. 故意地；有意地；存心地①I have_no_intention_of_going to the wedding.我无意去参加婚礼。②He has announced his intention_to_retire.他已经宣布他打算退休。③There was no detail, but that was intentional.没有细节被提及，不过这是有意为之。④Intentionally or unintentionally, I do not care, because I believe you! 有意或无意，我不在乎，因为我相信你！(1)单句语法填空①He left England with the intention of ________ (travel) in Africa.②If I hurt your feelings, it was not ________ (intention)．③She would never ________ (intention) hurt anyone.答案：①travelling　②intentional　③intentionally (2)单句写作他们目前没有结婚的打算。They have no intention ________________ at present.答案：of getting married/to get married 3hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑(教材P55)归纳拓展(1)hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决(2)hesitation n. 踌躇；犹豫have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事without hesitation 毫不犹豫地①Never hesitate_to_turn to the teachers for advice if you meet with some problems in study.如果你在学习中遇到问题，要毫不犹豫地向老师求教。②He hesitated_ for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise he would have scored a goal.在踢球前他犹豫了一下，不然他就会破门得分了。③We had_no_hesitation_in_helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake happened.当可怕的地震发生时，我们毫不犹豫地帮助受难者。(1)单句语法填空①He did not hesitate in ________ (make) investments in his hometown.②Without ________ (hesitate), she leapt into the water and saved the drowning child.答案：①making　②hesitation(2)单句写作如果你需要什么，马上给我打电话。If you need anything, don't ______________ me.答案：hesitate to call 1option n. 可选择的事物；选择；选择权(教材P56)归纳拓展(1)option (of doing sth.) 可选择的事物；选择的自由have no option 没有其他选择余地(2)optional adj. 可选择的；选修的(3)optionally adv. 可选择地①Students have the option_of_studying abroad in their second year.学生在二年级时可以选择出国学习。②We have_no_option but to give up the match. 除了放弃这次比赛，我们没有别的选择。③Chinese is our optional course to us students of science. 中文是我们这些理科学生的选修科目。④You can optionally save it with a different name.您可以选择用不同的名称存储它。(1)单句语法填空①You have the option of ________ (reject) this task.②We have  ________ option but to do so. 答案：①rejecting　②no(2)单句写作①我别无他法，只能假装不知道。I ______________  but to pretend to be ignorant. ②这些物品是可以任选的， 但只能选一个。The goods are ________， but only one.答案：①had no option　②optional 2willing adj. 愿意；乐意(教材P57)归纳拓展(1)be willing to do sth. 愿意或乐意做某事(2)willingly adv. 愿意地；乐意地(3)willingness n. 乐意；心甘情愿①I'm_willing_to_take that risk.我愿意冒这个险。②He gave her the money quite willingly. 他很乐意地给了她那笔钱。③We were impressed by his willingness to listen and learn. 他乐于倾听和学习，给我们留下了深刻的印象。单句语法填空①I am quite willing ________ (pay) the price you asked for.②He listened carefully and  ________ (willing) accepted his comrades' opinions and criticisms.③I expressed my  ________ (willing) to support the cause.答案：①to pay　②willingly　③willingness  3permit vt.& vi. 允许；准许；使有可能(教材P58)归纳拓展(1)permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事permit (sb.'s) doing sth. 允许做某事(2)permission n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证without one's permission 未经某人允许ask for permission 请求允许①Children_are_not_permitted_to_enter the cinema without their parents.没有家长带领，孩子们不准进入电影院。②Who permitted_their_leaving early?是谁允许他们早离开的？③I need to call my dad and ask_for_permission before we go out.在我们出去之前，我得给我爸爸打个电话征得他的同意。(1)单句语法填空①You are not permitted  ________ (smoke) here.②The owners don't permit  ________ (park) cars in front of the shops.  ③Police said  ________ (permit) for the march had not been granted. 答案：①to smoke　②parking　③permission(2)单句写作①她母亲不允许她在外过夜。Her mother doesn't  ______________ away at night.②他们不能擅自离开该国家。They cannot leave the country  ____________. 答案：①permit her to stay　②without permission  5indicate vt.& vi. 表明；显示　vt. 象征；暗示(教材P52)归纳拓展(1)indicate sth. (to sb.) (向某人)指出/暗示某事indicate that/wh­clause 表明；示意(2)indication n. 指示；表明；标示 ①In his letter he indicated_to us (that) he was willing to cooperate.他在信中向我们透露他愿意合作。②Previous studies have also indicated_that milk can be excellent for helping sleep.之前的研究也表明牛奶对睡眠有很好的帮助。③They gave no indication of how the work should be done.他们根本没说明这项工作该怎样做。(1)单句语法填空①His attitude indicates ________ he is not very happy with what you are doing.②A signpost indicated the right road ________ us to follow.③This is a clear ________ (indicate) that I need to use design patterns here.答案：①that　②to　③indication(2)单句写作他向我暗示我们再也不可能成为好朋友了。He ______________ that we could never be good friends again.答案：indicated to me  6scene n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面(教材P52)归纳拓展on the scene 在场；出现；到场behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中appear/come on the scene 出场；登场①Nine people died on_the_scene and one more person died in the hospital in the car crash.撞车事故中有9人当场死亡，还有一人在医院里死亡。②It's an exciting opportunity to learn what goes on behind_the_scenes.有机会了解幕后的工作，这令人非常兴奋。名师点津　scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句时，若关系词在定语从句中作状语，一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。(1)单句语法填空①By the time I came ________ the scene, it had been all over.②In the picture, there's a scene ________ some foreign students are having a class.答案：①on　②where(2)单句写作有人在前台表演，有人在幕后指挥。Some appeared on the stage, while others directed ________________.答案：behind the scenes 7bet n. 打赌；赌注　vi.& vt. 下赌注；用……打赌　vt. 敢说(bet, bet)(教材P52)归纳拓展(1)make a bet 打个赌make/have/put a bet on 对……下赌注(打赌)(2)bet on sth. 赌某事(物)bet sb. sth. on sth./v.­ing 对……和某人打赌bet (sb.) that (和某人)打赌说……①Next time if the ghost appears, you have to make_a_bet with her.下次鬼出现时，你要和她打个赌。②He had_a_bet_on the horses.他在那些马上下了赌注。③He bet_$2,000_on the final score of the game.他下注2,000美元赌比赛的最后比分。④They bet_that they will win the next election.他们打赌说他们将在下次竞选中获胜。(1)单句语法填空①We've made a bet ________ who's going to arrive first.②I bet you two cents on his ________ (win)．答案：①on　②winning (2)单句写作他认为约翰不会来，与我打赌十美元。He ________ ten dollars ________ John wouldn't come.答案：bet me; that