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广东省广州市天河中学猎德实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷
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这是一份广东省广州市天河中学猎德实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷，共25页。试卷主要包含了完形填空 阅读下面短文，从A，阅读，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省广州市天河中学猎德实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、语法选择（15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（15分）Pyramids are one of the most interesting buildings in the world.Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us（1） and study.In modern days，people look at them and ask，"Who built（2） ？Why？When？What is inside？"
（3） years ago，some kings of Egypt created the pyramids.They（4） them as tombs.They thought the pyramids（5） help people remember them as important persons.
The oldest pyramid we know today（6） about 5，000 years old.Some of them are huge.（7） pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu.It is about 144 metres high and it is made（8） 2，300，000 stones.The stones are（9） big and heavy.Most of them are taller than（10） person.Scientists estimate（估计） it took at least 100，000 workers over 20 years to build the pyramid.As one of the Seven Wonders of the World，the Pyramid of Khufu is a very popular place of interest.Every year，travellers from all over the world（11）
to visit it.
How did ancient people build the pyramids？（12） did they carry and lift up the large stones？Each stone fits with one another so well.（13） ，the people didn't have modern machines at all!Now scientists are working（14） to study the pyramids.However， （15） can say how ancient people built them.
（1）А.to see
B.seeing
C.saw
D.sees
（2）A.they
B.them
C.their
D.theirs
（3）A.Thousands
B.A few thousands
C.Thousands of
D.Thousand of
（4）A.built
B.building
C.build
D.are building
（5）A.will
B.could
C.should
D.may
（6）A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
（7）A.Large
B.Larger
C.Largest
D.The largest
（8）A from
B.by
C.of
D.with
（9）A.very
B.such
C.much
D.too
（10）A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
（11）A.came
B.come
C.comes
D.are coming
（12）A.What
B.How
C.Which
D.Who
（13）A.So
B.However
C.But
D.Because
（14）A.hard
B.hardly
C.harder
D.more hardly
（15）A.somebody
B.anybody
C.everybody
D.nobody
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项使短文意思完整、通顺.
2．（10分）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars.My love of making things began when I was a kid.I really became（1） about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.
One day in fourth grade，our teacher gave us a project in class.We had to write to a company and learn about the products（产品）.I thought and thought.（2） I chose the Thomas Edison Company.Soon after，the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.I enjoyed reading and reading again about his（3） !I like the recorded sound and the electric light most and kept the inventions in my heart.
My dad found that I was interested in inventing and（4） me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into（5） and then into new things.Once，I made a model plane and my dad was very surprised.Later，we found a similar model plane in a store.I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.It is usual for this to happen.I also learned that not all great ideas （6） .Failure（失败） is a（7） part of the inventing.
As my father and I worked together，I began to（8） that my dad was quite an inventor himself.He was always（9） a better way to do an easy job.His（10） ，together with my interest in inventing，led me to become an engineer and an inventor.Of course，I also thank Thomas Edison.He is my hero.
（1）A.surprised
B.excited
C.bored
D.worried
（2）A.Finally
B.Suddenly
C.Hardly
D.Probably
（3）A.products
B.feelings
C.inventions
D.knowledge
（4）A.allowed
B.discussed
C.replied
D.encouraged
（5）A.plans
B.homework
C.advice
D.introduction
（6）A.win
B.depend
C.work
D.create
（7）A.comfortable
B.successful
C.funny
D.common
（8）A.promise
B.realize
C.decide
D.imagine
（9）A.looking up
B.taking in
C.looking for
D.giving up
（10）A.guide
B.order
C.rule
D.career
三、阅读（两节，共35分）
第一节 阅读理解
3．（8分）A young man went to an expert on gems（宝石） and wanted to learn from him.The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.In his opinion，they were always in a hurry.
The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try.Finally the expert said，"Be here tomorrow."
The next morning the expert put a jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.The expert then went about his work，cutting，weighing and setting gems.The man sat and waited excitedly.The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.On the third，fourth，and fifth day the expert repeated the action.
On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone，but he could no longer stand the silence."Sir，" he asked，"when am I going to learn something？"
"You will learn，" the expert replied.
Several more days went by.The man became more and more impatient.
However，when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning，the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"
"You have begun to learn，"the expert said with a smile.
（1）What do we know about the expert at first？
A.He got angry with the young man.
B.He didn't want to teach the young man.
C.He played a joke on the young man.
D.He made friends with the young man.
（2）Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days？
A.It was a way of learning.
B.He was too busy to teach the man.
C.It was all that he could give the man.
D.There was no other work for the man to do.
（3）How did the young man's feeling change？
A.worried→unhappy→nervous.
B.worried→nervous →unhappy.
C.excited→nervous →worried.
D.excited →unhappy→surprised.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？
A.A real expert on gems.
B.Some good learning habits.
C.The importance of patience.
D.The secret to learning quickly.
4．（8分）What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves？Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner，or a car full of passengers who are reading，listening to music or even sleeping.But none of them is worried about the road ahead.
Well，all of these could be the future of driving.There are several companies，for example，Google，working on driverless cars.So far，no Google self﹣driven car has got a traffic ticket，but some of them have been in accident when other cars hit them.
These cars are now still in the testing stages.If the tests are successful，these electric，self﹣driven cars could be available（可使用的） very soon.But how is it possible for a car to drive itself？Cars already have many features（特征） allowing them to take the place of drivers during certain situations.Some features include cars being able to park themselves，or slow down when they notice other cars close by.They can also control the speed if there are dangerous conditions（状况）.
Scientists believe that with the help of wireless signals，cameras and GPS，it is possible to create a safe self﹣driven car very soon.
The cause of deadly road accidents is usually careless drivers or dangerous conditions.The self﹣driven car may be able to stop this.However，some people do not like the idea.American lawyer Whit Drake，for example，doesn't believe these cars are safe.He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.
（1）The main purpose of the first paragraph is to .
A.get readers to pay attention to road safety
B.tell readers the danger of self﹣driven cars
C.ask readers to keep away from heavy traffic
D.make readers be interested in self﹣driven cars
（2）From the passage，we know that the testing self﹣driven cars can already .
A.stop any accident on the road
B.turn around when getting near other cars
C.control the speed in dangerous situations
D.park themselves with the help of the drivers
（3）What is Whit Drake's attitude（态度） toward the safety of the self﹣driven cars？
A.He has doubt about it.
B.He believes it completely.
C.He doesn't care about it.
D.He dislikes new technology.
（4）Where can we read this article？
A.In a magazine.
B.In a travel guide.
C.In a storyboard.
D.In an advertisement
5．（8分）Professor Stephen Hawking was born on 8th January，1942 in Oxford，England.When he was eight，his family moved to St.Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At the age of eleven，Hawking went to St.Albans School and then went to University of Oxford in 1959，where his father once studied.Hawking wanted to study maths although his father asked him to learn medicine.Since maths was not a choice at that university，he chose to study physics instead.Three years later，he won a very important prize in natural science.In 1963，Hawking suffered from a serious disease and was told that he couldn't live more than two years.In fact，he lived for another fifty﹣five years，until he died in March，2018，but he had to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life.
Hawking was also a famous writer.His first book，A Brief History of Time，came out in 1988 and became an international best seller.He also wrote a children's book，George and the Big Bang，with his daughter，while he was on a visit to Hong Kong for the first time over 10 years ago.Hawking said the book would be a bit like Harry Potter but without the magic."It explains the wonderful universe（宇宙），" said Hawking.
In 2014，a movie called The Theory of Everything was shown in cinemas.It was based on（以……为根据） Hawking's life.Hawking liked the film and said it made him think over his own life."Although I'm disabled，I have been successful in my scientific work."Hawking wrote on Facebook in November，2014. "I have traveled widely and I hope to go into space one day."
（1）What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.George and the Big Bang.
B.A Brief History of Time.
C.Harry Potter.
D.The Theory of Everything.
（2）In what order did the following events take place in Stephen Hawking's life？
a.His first book came out.
b.He got a serious disease.
c.He went to University of Oxford.
d.A movie based on his life was shown in cinemas.
e.He moved to a town about 20 miles north of London.
A.b﹣c﹣d﹣a﹣e
B.c﹣b﹣a﹣e﹣d
C.e﹣c﹣b﹣a﹣d
D.e﹣b﹣c﹣a﹣d
（3）What is true about Hawking？
A.He won a very important prize in match.
B.His father was a student of Oxford before.
C.He chose to study medicine because his father wanted him to.
D.He suffered from a serious disease in 1963 and died soon.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？
A.Stephen Hawking's lifetime.
B.Stephen Hawking's hard work in science.
C.How Stephen Hawking fought against his disease.
D.Why Stephen Hawking's books are sold well.
6．（6分）Where did these numbers come from？
Eleven and Twelve
The number"eleven"comes from the German word"ainlif"，which means"one left"in English.Twelve follows the same rule.It comes from"twalif'—"two left".Why did people use"teen"instead of "lif" from 13 to 19？We still don't know.
42.195 kilometres in a Marathon（马拉松）
The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides.Once his country won a big war（战争） and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news.To remember Pheidippides，people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896.It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens.But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special.They made it 42.195 km.And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon.
28 Days in February
Before the calendar（历法） we use today，one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months（March through December），with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days.The second king of Rome changed the old calendar.He added 50 days for January and February.To make the new months longer，he took one day from each of the 30﹣day months，and then made 56 days to divide between，January and February（28 days each）.Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year，but February still had 28 days.That's how it became the shortest month and it stayed that way ever since.
（1）The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because .
A.the British was bad at Maths
B.the British didn't like the Greek story
C.the British wanted to run longer
D.the British wanted to make the race different
（2）How many days were there in each month after the second king changed the old calendar？
A.28，29 or 31.
B.28，30 or 31.
C.28，29 or 30.
D.29，30 or 31.
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A.We don't know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn't follow the rule of twelve.
B.There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars.
C.The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news.
D.After changing the old calendar，February became the shortest month in a year.
第二节 阅读填空 阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选。
7．（5分）You have lots of things you'd like to do.But sometimes it's hard to get to the finish line just like your goal.How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones？ （1） Here are a few opinions we often get from kids，followed by ideas that might help.
●I can't get away from screens.
（2） If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored，go somewhere else instead.Take a book to your room or your violin to the backyard.Or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen.
●（3）
Start with"showing up."Then take one small step or do one tiny task，followed by another and another.For example，how do I practise the piano？First sit at it.Then play one note at a time.
Starting with a super﹣simple step often helps.Why？It's easy，quick，and gets you in action.（4）
●I have no time.
Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time.Do those choices show what's important to you？Can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal？Let's suppose you want to be a singer.（5） Talk with a parent about why your goal counts.Discuss whether you can let go off something less important to free up time to achieve it.
A.Then keep taking steps.
B.I can't start such a huge goal.
C.And how can you try to reach your goal？
D.To change a habit ，try changing where you spend your time.
E.Is it more important to practise singing than play video games？
四、写作（三节，共30分）
第一节 语篇填词（5小题；每题1分，共5分）根据短文及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，并注意使用适当形式。（每空限填一词）
8．（5分）Have you ever visited a robot's restaurant before？There is one in Harbin.When you walk into the restaurant，you will find 18 robots there.One of them will came up and say，"Hello，Earth person!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant." After you （1）o your food，the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking.When the meal is done，a robot waiter will walk out of the kitchen to give you the meal and as customers enjoy the food，a robot sings lovely songs for them.
You may ask："Where did all the robots come from？" The manager of the restaurant said："Harbin Robot Company（2） them.And the workers in a computer room manage（管理） all the robots." After a busy day，all the robots will go for a" meal".The meal is not common food.It is electricity（3）i .After about five hours，the robots can continue their work for a day.You can find more than 30 kinds of food in the restaurant now and the（4）p for a dinner is about 40 to 50 yuan per person.
Do you think robot restaurants will be more and more（5）p and more people will try eating there？Would you like to have a try in the restaurant？
第二节 完成句子（5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。
9．（2分）与家人保持联系很重要。
It's important to your family.
10．（2分）我们得到了所需要的那么多的书。
We've got we need.
11．（2分）大雨阻止了我们参加比赛。
The heavy rain part in the competition.
12．（2分）我们的电脑比以前好得多。
Our computers before.
13．（2分）他们计划建一个网站以便更多人能了解他们的音乐．
They plan to build a website more people could know their music．
书面表达（1题，共15分）
14．（15分）许多伟大的发明改变了世界，让我们的生活更加美好。你想成为一个小小的发明家吗？请以"My invention"为题，根据以下提示介绍一下你的发明。（80词左右）
内容提示：
名称
水陆两用汽车
外形
有两个翅膀，四个轮子
功能
1、可以在地上跑，也可以在水里跑
2、在地面上时，跟普通汽车一样
3、在水里时，翅膀变成船桨，让汽车前行
4、请你补充
优点
1、更方便
2、请你补充
词汇补充：船桨 paddle 前行：go forward
My invention
Dear teachers and classmates，
I'm glad to be here to introduce my invention.__________
广东省广州市天河中学猎德实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
一、语法选择（15小题；每小题15分，共15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（15分）Pyramids are one of the most interesting buildings in the world.Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us（1） A and study.In modern days，people look at them and ask，"Who built（2） B ？Why？When？What is inside？"
（3） C years ago，some kings of Egypt created the pyramids.They（4） A them as tombs.They thought the pyramids（5） B help people remember them as important persons.
The oldest pyramid we know today（6） A about 5，000 years old.Some of them are huge.（7） D pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu.It is about 144 metres high and it is made（8） C 2，300，000 stones.The stones are（9） A big and heavy.Most of them are taller than（10） A person.Scientists estimate（估计） it took at least 100，000 workers over 20 years to build the pyramid.As one of the Seven Wonders of the World，the Pyramid of Khufu is a very popular place of interest.Every year，travellers from all over the world（11） B to visit it.
How did ancient people build the pyramids？（12） B did they carry and lift up the large stones？Each stone fits with one another so well.（13） C ，the people didn't have modern machines at all!Now scientists are working（14） A to study the pyramids.However， （15） D can say how ancient people built them.
（1）А.to see
B.seeing
C.saw
D.sees
（2）A.they
B.them
C.their
D.theirs
（3）A.Thousands
B.A few thousands
C.Thousands of
D.Thousand of
（4）A.built
B.building
C.build
D.are building
（5）A.will
B.could
C.should
D.may
（6）A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
（7）A.Large
B.Larger
C.Largest
D.The largest
（8）A from
B.by
C.of
D.with
（9）A.very
B.such
C.much
D.too
（10）A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
（11）A.came
B.come
C.comes
D.are coming
（12）A.What
B.How
C.Which
D.Who
（13）A.So
B.However
C.But
D.Because
（14）A.hard
B.hardly
C.harder
D.more hardly
（15）A.somebody
B.anybody
C.everybody
D.nobody
【分析】本文主要介绍了埃及金字塔的历史，以及是谁建立起它们的，建立的时间，里面包含的东西等信息。
【解答】（1）考查动词。see看见，根据所给句子可知横线处的单词与and study在句中作了目的状语，因此用动词不定式形式，句意：许多金字塔至今仍保存在埃及尼罗河沿岸供我们参观和研究。故选A。
（2）考查代词。A.他们，B.他们，C.他们的，D.他们的，本句中的built是动词，其后接代词的宾格形式them作宾语，故选B。
（3）考查短语。A、B、D搭配错误，选项本身就是错误的，Thousands of数以千计的，句意：几千年前，埃及的一些国王创建了金字塔。故选C。
（4）考查动词。build建造，根据句意他们把它们建造成了坟墓，而本段中的时态是一般过去时，因此横线处填动词的过去式，故选A。
（5）考查情态动词。A将，B能，C应该，D可以，根据语境：他们认为金字塔可以帮助人们记住他们是重要人物。故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：据我们所知，最古老的金字塔大约有5000年的历史。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词要用is，故选A。
（7）考查形容词。A大的，B更大的，C最大的，D最大的，根据句意：最大的金字塔是胡夫金字塔，因此横线处填形容词最高级，而形容词最高级通常与定冠词the连用，故选D。
（8）考查介词。根据句意它是由230万石头建成的，其中be made of和be made from都表示"由...制成"，主语为制成品。be made of+材料表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。be made from表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。be made with指"制作中用了什么东西"，而本句中的石头是可以辨认的原材料，因此用be made of，故选C。
（9）考查副词。A非常，B如此，C很多，D太，根据语境：这些石头又大又重。后面是形容词，用very，故选A。
（10）考查冠词。a是不定冠词，泛指，常用在辅音音素之前；an是不定冠词，泛指，常用在元音音素之前；the是定冠词，特指；本句的意思是：它们中的大多数比一个人还高，而这里的人指泛指，且person是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a，故选A。
（11）考查动词。come来，根据语境：每年都有来自世界各地的游客来参观。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词要用原形。故选B。
（12）考查疑问词。A.什么，B.如何，C.哪个，D.谁，根据句意他们是怎么搬动和抬起大石头的，因此这里填疑问词how，故选B。
（13）考查连词。A.所以，B.虽然，C.但是，D.因为，前一句说每块石头都与另外一块如此吻合，后一句说人们根本没有现代的机器，前后两句具有转折的意思，故选C。
（14）考查副词。A努力地，B几乎不，C更努力地，D错误，根据语境：现在科学家们正在努力研究金字塔。没有比较，故选A。
（15）考查代词。A.某人，B.任何人，C.每个人，D.没有人，根据句意：然而，没有人能够说出来古人是如何建立起它们的。因此横线处的意思是"没有人"，故选D。
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项使短文意思完整、通顺.
2．（10分）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars.My love of making things began when I was a kid.I really became（1） B about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.
One day in fourth grade，our teacher gave us a project in class.We had to write to a company and learn about the products（产品）.I thought and thought.（2） A I chose the Thomas Edison Company.Soon after，the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.I enjoyed reading and reading again about his（3） C !I like the recorded sound and the electric light most and kept the inventions in my heart.
My dad found that I was interested in inventing and（4） D me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into（5） A and then into new things.Once，I made a model plane and my dad was very surprised.Later，we found a similar model plane in a store.I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.It is usual for this to happen.I also learned that not all great ideas （6） C .Failure（失败） is a（7） D part of the inventing.
As my father and I worked together，I began to（8） B that my dad was quite an inventor himself.He was always（9） C a better way to do an easy job.His（10） A ，together with my interest in inventing，led me to become an engineer and an inventor.Of course，I also thank Thomas Edison.He is my hero.
（1）A.surprised
B.excited
C.bored
D.worried
（2）A.Finally
B.Suddenly
C.Hardly
D.Probably
（3）A.products
B.feelings
C.inventions
D.knowledge
（4）A.allowed
B.discussed
C.replied
D.encouraged
（5）A.plans
B.homework
C.advice
D.introduction
（6）A.win
B.depend
C.work
D.create
（7）A.comfortable
B.successful
C.funny
D.common
（8）A.promise
B.realize
C.decide
D.imagine
（9）A.looking up
B.taking in
C.looking for
D.giving up
（10）A.guide
B.order
C.rule
D.career
【分析】本文主要讲述了为完成老师布置的作业，作者向爱迪生公司求教，了解到爱迪生的 各项发明，于是尝试自己去发明。在父亲的帮助下作者制造了一架飞机模型，但却和商店的飞机类似。作者明白了一个道理，不同的发明者经常发明相同的东西，不是所有伟大发明都有效，失败是发明中经常遇到的事情。
【解答】（1）形容词辨析。A：惊讶的；B：兴奋的；C：无聊的；D：担心的。根据下文...after I learned about Thomas Edison.（......在我了解了托马斯•爱迪生之后）可知，我对发明感到兴奋。故选B。
（2）副词辨析。A：最后；B：突然地；C：几乎不；D：或许。根据上文I thought and thought.（我想了又想）可知，最后我选择了托马斯•爱迪生公司。故选A。
（3）名词辨析。A：制品；B：情感；C：发明；D：知识。根据上文Soon after，the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.（不久之后，公司寄给我一本关于托马斯•爱迪生生平的书。）可知，我阅读的是关于他的发明。故选C。
（4）动词辨析。A：允许；B：讨论；C：回答；D：鼓励。根据句意他向我展示了如何将我的想法转化计划，再转化为新事物可知，是我父亲鼓励了我。故选D。
（5）名词辨析。A：计划；B：家庭作业；C：建议；D：介绍。根据上文He showed me how to turn my ideas into（他向我展示了如何将我的想法转化为）和下文and then into new things（转化为新事物）可知，是把想法先转化为计划，再转化为新事物。故选A。
（6）动词辨析。A：获胜；B：依赖；C：起作用；D：创造。根据上文I also learned that not all great ideas （我也明白了并非所有伟大的想法都会）可知，是起作用。故选C。
（7）形容词辨析。A：舒适的；B：成功的；C：有趣的；D：普通的。根据句意失败是发明的普通部分可知，common"普通的"符合题意。故选D。
（8）动词辨析。A：承诺；B：意识到；C：决定；D：想像。根据上文As my father and I worked together，I began to（当我的父亲和我一起工作时，我开始）可知，是意识到我父亲自己就是一个发明家。故选B。
（9）动词短语辨析。A：查阅；B：吸收；C：寻找；D：放弃。根据下文...a better way to do an easy job.（......一个更好的方法去做简单的工作）可知，是寻找。故选C。
（10）名词辨析。A：指导；B：命令；C：规则；D：职业。根据上文 As my father and I worked together，I began to（8）that my dad was quite an inventor himself（当我的父亲和我一起工作时，我开始意识到我父亲自己就是一个发明家）和下文together with my interest in inventing（加上我对发明的兴趣）可知，是我父亲的指导，导致我变成了一个工程师和一个发明家。故选A。
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
三、阅读（两节，共35分）第一节 阅读理解
3．（8分）A young man went to an expert on gems（宝石） and wanted to learn from him.The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.In his opinion，they were always in a hurry.
The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try.Finally the expert said，"Be here tomorrow."
The next morning the expert put a jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.The expert then went about his work，cutting，weighing and setting gems.The man sat and waited excitedly.The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.On the third，fourth，and fifth day the expert repeated the action.
On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone，but he could no longer stand the silence."Sir，" he asked，"when am I going to learn something？"
"You will learn，" the expert replied.
Several more days went by.The man became more and more impatient.
However，when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning，the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"
"You have begun to learn，"the expert said with a smile.
（1）What do we know about the expert at first？ B
A.He got angry with the young man.
B.He didn't want to teach the young man.
C.He played a joke on the young man.
D.He made friends with the young man.
（2）Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days？ A
A.It was a way of learning.
B.He was too busy to teach the man.
C.It was all that he could give the man.
D.There was no other work for the man to do.
（3）How did the young man's feeling change？ D
A.worried→unhappy→nervous.
B.worried→nervous →unhappy.
C.excited→nervous →worried.
D.excited →unhappy→surprised.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？ C
A.A real expert on gems.
B.Some good learning habits.
C.The importance of patience.
D.The secret to learning quickly.
【分析】本文主要讲述了一个年轻人向宝石专家求教的故事。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.（专家摇了摇头。他担心年轻人没有耐心学习。）可知，专家一开始并不想教这个年轻人。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据 However，when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning，the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"（然而，一天早上，当专家把一块石头放在他手里时，年轻人看都没看就喊道："这不是那块玉石!"）以及"You have begun to learn，"the expert said with a smile.（"你已经开始学习了，"专家笑着说。）可推知，专家让年轻人好几天都握着一块石头，是因为这也是一种学习的方式。故选A。
（3）文章排序题。根据The man sat and waited excitedly.（那人坐着，兴奋地等着。）和but he could no longer stand the silence.（但他再也无法忍受这种沉默了。）以及the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"（年轻人看都没看就喊道："这不是那块玉石!"）可知，年轻人感情变化是：从兴奋到不开心再到惊讶。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据A young man went to an expert on gems（宝石）and wanted to learn from him.The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.In his opinion，they were always in a hurry.（一个年轻人去见一位宝石专家，想向他学习。专家摇了摇头。他担心年轻人没有耐心学习。在他看来，他们总是匆匆忙忙的。）以及通读全文可知，本文通过一个年轻人向宝石专家求教的故事，告诉我们耐心在学习中的重要性。故选C。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
4．（8分）What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves？Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner，or a car full of passengers who are reading，listening to music or even sleeping.But none of them is worried about the road ahead.
Well，all of these could be the future of driving.There are several companies，for example，Google，working on driverless cars.So far，no Google self﹣driven car has got a traffic ticket，but some of them have been in accident when other cars hit them.
These cars are now still in the testing stages.If the tests are successful，these electric，self﹣driven cars could be available（可使用的） very soon.But how is it possible for a car to drive itself？Cars already have many features（特征） allowing them to take the place of drivers during certain situations.Some features include cars being able to park themselves，or slow down when they notice other cars close by.They can also control the speed if there are dangerous conditions（状况）.
Scientists believe that with the help of wireless signals，cameras and GPS，it is possible to create a safe self﹣driven car very soon.
The cause of deadly road accidents is usually careless drivers or dangerous conditions.The self﹣driven car may be able to stop this.However，some people do not like the idea.American lawyer Whit Drake，for example，doesn't believe these cars are safe.He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.
（1）The main purpose of the first paragraph is to D .
A.get readers to pay attention to road safety
B.tell readers the danger of self﹣driven cars
C.ask readers to keep away from heavy traffic
D.make readers be interested in self﹣driven cars
（2）From the passage，we know that the testing self﹣driven cars can already C .
A.stop any accident on the road
B.turn around when getting near other cars
C.control the speed in dangerous situations
D.park themselves with the help of the drivers
（3）What is Whit Drake's attitude（态度） toward the safety of the self﹣driven cars？ A
A.He has doubt about it.
B.He believes it completely.
C.He doesn't care about it.
D.He dislikes new technology.
（4）Where can we read this article？ A
A.In a magazine.
B.In a travel guide.
C.In a storyboard.
D.In an advertisement
【分析】本文主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves？Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner，or a car full of passengers who are reading，listening to music or even sleeping.But none of them is worried about the road ahead.（如果汽车能自动驾驶，世界将会是什么样子？想象一下，你看到一辆空车在去接主人的路上经过，或者一辆满车的乘客都在看书、听音乐甚至睡觉。但他们都不担心前面的路。）可知，是为了引起读者对自动驾驶汽车的兴趣。故选D。
（2）细节判断题。根据They can also control the speed if there are dangerous conditions（状况）.（如果有危险的情况，它们也可以控制速度。）可知，自动驾驶汽车可以在危险情况下控制车速。故选C。
（3）细节推理题。根据American lawyer Whit Drake，for example，doesn't believe these cars are safe.He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.（例如，美国律师惠特•德雷克就不相信这些车是安全的。他认为技术也可能是错误。）可知，他对自动驾驶汽车的安全性表示怀疑。故选A。
（4）信息来源题。根据Well，all of these could be the future of driving.There are several companies，for example，Google，working on driverless cars.（所有这些都可能是驾驶的未来。有几家公司，例如谷歌，正在研究无人驾驶汽车。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车，所以我们最有可能在杂志上阅读到这篇文章。故选A。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
5．（8分）Professor Stephen Hawking was born on 8th January，1942 in Oxford，England.When he was eight，his family moved to St.Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At the age of eleven，Hawking went to St.Albans School and then went to University of Oxford in 1959，where his father once studied.Hawking wanted to study maths although his father asked him to learn medicine.Since maths was not a choice at that university，he chose to study physics instead.Three years later，he won a very important prize in natural science.In 1963，Hawking suffered from a serious disease and was told that he couldn't live more than two years.In fact，he lived for another fifty﹣five years，until he died in March，2018，but he had to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life.
Hawking was also a famous writer.His first book，A Brief History of Time，came out in 1988 and became an international best seller.He also wrote a children's book，George and the Big Bang，with his daughter，while he was on a visit to Hong Kong for the first time over 10 years ago.Hawking said the book would be a bit like Harry Potter but without the magic."It explains the wonderful universe（宇宙），" said Hawking.
In 2014，a movie called The Theory of Everything was shown in cinemas.It was based on（以……为根据） Hawking's life.Hawking liked the film and said it made him think over his own life."Although I'm disabled，I have been successful in my scientific work."Hawking wrote on Facebook in November，2014. "I have traveled widely and I hope to go into space one day."
（1）What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ A
A.George and the Big Bang.
B.A Brief History of Time.
C.Harry Potter.
D.The Theory of Everything.
（2）In what order did the following events take place in Stephen Hawking's life？ C
a.His first book came out.
b.He got a serious disease.
c.He went to University of Oxford.
d.A movie based on his life was shown in cinemas.
e.He moved to a town about 20 miles north of London.
A.b﹣c﹣d﹣a﹣e
B.c﹣b﹣a﹣e﹣d
C.e﹣c﹣b﹣a﹣d
D.e﹣b﹣c﹣a﹣d
（3）What is true about Hawking？ B
A.He won a very important prize in match.
B.His father was a student of Oxford before.
C.He chose to study medicine because his father wanted him to.
D.He suffered from a serious disease in 1963 and died soon.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ A
A.Stephen Hawking's lifetime.
B.Stephen Hawking's hard work in science.
C.How Stephen Hawking fought against his disease.
D.Why Stephen Hawking's books are sold well.
【分析】本文主要介绍了霍金的一生。
【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据He also wrote a children's book，George and the Big Bang，with his daughter，while he was on a visit to Hong Kong for the first time over 10 years ago.Hawking said the book would be a bit like Harry Potter but without the magic."It explains the wonderful universe（宇宙），" said Hawking.（十多年前，当他第一次访问香港时，他还和女儿一起写了一本儿童书籍《乔治和大爆炸》。霍金说，这本书有点像《哈利波特》，但没有魔法。"它解释了奇妙的宇宙，"霍金说。）可知，It指代的是George and the Big Bang。故选A
（2）文章排序题。根据When he was eight，his family moved to St.Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.（他8岁时，全家搬到了伦敦以北约20英里的圣奥尔本斯。）可知，e.He moved to a town about 20 miles north of London.（他搬到了伦敦以北20英里的一个小镇。）排第一，排除AB选项；再根据and then went to University of Oxford in 1959（1959年进入牛津大学）以及In 1963，Hawking suffered from a serious disease（1963年，霍金患上了一种严重的疾病）可知，他先上的大学，再得了重病，c排在b之前，排除D选项。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据and then went to University of Oxford in 1959，where his father once studied.（然后1959年，他去了他父亲曾经就读的牛津大学。）可知，他父亲以前是牛津大学的学生。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据Professor Stephen Hawking was born on 8th January，1942 in Oxford，England.（斯蒂芬•霍金教授于1942年1月8日出生在英国牛津。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了霍金的一生。故选A。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
6．（6分）Where did these numbers come from？
Eleven and Twelve
The number"eleven"comes from the German word"ainlif"，which means"one left"in English.Twelve follows the same rule.It comes from"twalif'—"two left".Why did people use"teen"instead of "lif" from 13 to 19？We still don't know.
42.195 kilometres in a Marathon（马拉松）
The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides.Once his country won a big war（战争） and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news.To remember Pheidippides，people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896.It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens.But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special.They made it 42.195 km.And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon.
28 Days in February
Before the calendar（历法） we use today，one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months（March through December），with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days.The second king of Rome changed the old calendar.He added 50 days for January and February.To make the new months longer，he took one day from each of the 30﹣day months，and then made 56 days to divide between，January and February（28 days each）.Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year，but February still had 28 days.That's how it became the shortest month and it stayed that way ever since.
（1）The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because D .
A.the British was bad at Maths
B.the British didn't like the Greek story
C.the British wanted to run longer
D.the British wanted to make the race different
（2）How many days were there in each month after the second king changed the old calendar？ A
A.28，29 or 31.
B.28，30 or 31.
C.28，29 or 30.
D.29，30 or 31.
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？ C
A.We don't know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn't follow the rule of twelve.
B.There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars.
C.The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news.
D.After changing the old calendar，February became the shortest month in a year.
【分析】本文主要介绍了关于数字、马拉松以及历法方面的信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special.（但是1908年伦敦奥运会的比赛组织者想增加一些特别的东西。）可知，组织者是想让马拉松比赛与众不同。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据To make the new months longer，he took one day from each of the 30﹣day months，and then made 56 days to divide between，January and February（28 days each）.Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year，but February still had 28 days.（为了延长每个月的时间，他从每个月的30天中抽出一天，然后用56天来划分一月和二月。后来，一月又多了一天，使一年的天数加起来达到355天，但二月仍然有28天。）可知，第二个国王改了旧历法后，每个月有28天、29天和31天。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据Once his country won a big war（战争） and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.（有一次他的国家赢得了一场战争，他把好消息从马拉松带到雅典。）可知，这个希腊士兵从雅典跑到马拉松去传递好消息表述错误。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
第二节 阅读填空 阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选。
7．（5分）You have lots of things you'd like to do.But sometimes it's hard to get to the finish line just like your goal.How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones？ （1） C Here are a few opinions we often get from kids，followed by ideas that might help.
●I can't get away from screens.
（2） D If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored，go somewhere else instead.Take a book to your room or your violin to the backyard.Or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen.
●（3） B
Start with"showing up."Then take one small step or do one tiny task，followed by another and another.For example，how do I practise the piano？First sit at it.Then play one note at a time.
Starting with a super﹣simple step often helps.Why？It's easy，quick，and gets you in action.（4） A
●I have no time.
Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time.Do those choices show what's important to you？Can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal？Let's suppose you want to be a singer.（5） E Talk with a parent about why your goal counts.Discuss whether you can let go off something less important to free up time to achieve it.
A.Then keep taking steps.
B.I can't start such a huge goal.
C.And how can you try to reach your goal？
D.To change a habit ，try changing where you spend your time.
E.Is it more important to practise singing than play video games？
【分析】本文主要讲述了如何培养好习惯的建议。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据Here are a few opinions we often get from kids，followed by ideas that might help.（以下是我们经常从孩子那里得到的一些意见，以及可能有帮助的想法。）可知，此处要提出问题"如何做"。C选项"你怎样才能达到你的目标呢"符合语境。故选C。
（2）根据If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored，go somewhere else instead.（如果你觉得无聊的时候总是躺在沙发上看电视节目或视频，那就去别的地方吧。）可知，要改变习惯。D选项"要改变一个习惯，试着改变你花时间的地方"符合语境。故选D。
（3）根据Then take one small step or do one tiny task，followed by another and another.（然后迈出一小步或完成一项小任务，然后一步又一步。）可知，在讲述如何完成目标。B选项"我不能开始这么大的目标"符合语境。故选B。
（4）根据上文followed by another and another.（然后一步又一步。）可知，要继续做。A选项"然后继续采取措施"符合语境。故选A。
（5）根据Let's suppose you want to be a singer.（假设你想成为一名歌手。）可知，此处和唱歌有关。E选项"练习唱歌比玩电子游戏更重要吗"符合语境。故选E。
【点评】做这类题目时，要通读文章结构，结合前后句选出答案，注意句子间的逻辑关系。
四、写作（三节，共30分）第一节 语篇填词（5小题；每题1分，共5分）根据短文及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，并注意使用适当形式。（每空限填一词）
8．（5分）Have you ever visited a robot's restaurant before？There is one in Harbin.When you walk into the restaurant，you will find 18 robots there.One of them will came up and say，"Hello，Earth person!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant." After you （1）o rder your food，the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking.When the meal is done，a robot waiter will walk out of the kitchen to give you the meal and as customers enjoy the food，a robot sings lovely songs for them.
You may ask："Where did all the robots come from？" The manager of the restaurant said："Harbin Robot Company（2） made them.And the workers in a computer room manage（管理） all the robots." After a busy day，all the robots will go for a" meal".The meal is not common food.It is electricity（3）i nstead .After about five hours，the robots can continue their work for a day.You can find more than 30 kinds of food in the restaurant now and the（4）p rice for a dinner is about 40 to 50 yuan per person.
Do you think robot restaurants will be more and more（5）p opular and more people will try eating there？Would you like to have a try in the restaurant？
【分析】本文讲述了哈尔滨的机器人餐厅。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：你点完菜后，厨房里的机器人就开始做饭了。根据语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般现在时，此处表示"点菜"用动词order。故填：order。
（2）考查动词。句意：这家餐厅的经理说："这是哈尔滨机器人公司制造的它们。由语境可知，句子时态是一般过去时，此处应填made，故填：made。
（3）考查副词。句意：这顿饭不是普通的食物。而它是电。根据语境及首字母提示，此处应填instead（反而），故填：instead。
（4）考查名词。句意：现在你可以在餐厅里找到30多种食物，一顿晚餐的价格大约是每人40到50元。根据空后about 40 to 50 yuan per person（每人40到50元）及首字母提示，此处是价格。the price for a dinner一顿晚餐的价格，故填：price。
（5）考查形容词。句意：你认为机器人餐厅会越来越受欢迎，越来越多的人会尝试在那里吃饭吗？根据语境及首字母提示，此处是受欢迎的，故填：popular。
【点评】先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
第二节 完成句子（5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）
9．（2分）与家人保持联系很重要。
It's important to keep in touch with your family.
【分析】It's important to keep in touch with your family.
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：keep in touch with保持联系。考查句型It's+形容词 to do sth做某事是……的。
故答案为keep in touch with．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
10．（2分）我们得到了所需要的那么多的书。
We've got as many books as we need.
【分析】We've got as many books as we need.
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：as many books as和……一样。
故答案为as many books as．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
11．（2分）大雨阻止了我们参加比赛。
The heavy rain stopped us from taking part in the competition.
【分析】The heavy rain stopped us from taking part in the competition.
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事；take part in参加。由句意可知时态是一般过去时。
故答案为stopped us from taking．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
12．（2分）我们的电脑比以前好得多。
Our computers is much better than before.
【分析】我们的电脑比以前好得多。
【解答】好得多much better，better是good的比较级，much修饰比较级；比than。是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。
故答案为：is；much；better；than。
【点评】汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
13．（2分）他们计划建一个网站以便更多人能了解他们的音乐．
They plan to build a website so that more people could know their music．
【分析】They plan to build a website so that more people could know their music．
【解答】根据题干，可知考查句子结构：so that+目的状语从句．表示以便于…句意：他们计划建一个网站以便更多人能了解他们的音乐．
故答案为so that．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
书面表达（1题，共15分）
14．（15分）许多伟大的发明改变了世界，让我们的生活更加美好。你想成为一个小小的发明家吗？请以"My invention"为题，根据以下提示介绍一下你的发明。（80词左右）
内容提示：
名称
水陆两用汽车
外形
有两个翅膀，四个轮子
功能
1、可以在地上跑，也可以在水里跑
2、在地面上时，跟普通汽车一样
3、在水里时，翅膀变成船桨，让汽车前行
4、请你补充
优点
1、更方便
2、请你补充
词汇补充：船桨 paddle 前行：go forward
My invention
Dear teachers and classmates，
I'm glad to be here to introduce my invention.__________
【分析】【高分句型一】
On the ground，it can run as well as the ordinary car.在地面上，它可以像普通汽车一样运行。
as well as和……一样好。
【高分句型二】
I think my invention will help people live a better life in the future.我认为我的发明将帮助人们在未来过上更好的生活。
I think+宾语从句。
【解答】
My invention
Dear teachers and classmates，
I'm glad to be here to introduce my invention.My invention is a car.People can use it on the land or in the water.（名称） This kind of car has two wings on its two sides and four wheels under the car. （外形）On the ground，it can run as well as the ordinary car.【高分句型一】However，when it is in the water，the four wheels will hide under the car and the two wings will become two paddles to make the car go forward. （介绍我的发明）Compared with the ordinary car，this kind of car is more convenient and uses less petrol.More importantly，it can save resources and make less pollution.（优点）
I think my invention will help people live a better life in the future.【高分句型二】（感受）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
广东省广州市天河中学猎德实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、语法选择（15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（15分）Pyramids are one of the most interesting buildings in the world.Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us（1） and study.In modern days，people look at them and ask，"Who built（2） ？Why？When？What is inside？"
（3） years ago，some kings of Egypt created the pyramids.They（4） them as tombs.They thought the pyramids（5） help people remember them as important persons.
The oldest pyramid we know today（6） about 5，000 years old.Some of them are huge.（7） pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu.It is about 144 metres high and it is made（8） 2，300，000 stones.The stones are（9） big and heavy.Most of them are taller than（10） person.Scientists estimate（估计） it took at least 100，000 workers over 20 years to build the pyramid.As one of the Seven Wonders of the World，the Pyramid of Khufu is a very popular place of interest.Every year，travellers from all over the world（11）
to visit it.
How did ancient people build the pyramids？（12） did they carry and lift up the large stones？Each stone fits with one another so well.（13） ，the people didn't have modern machines at all!Now scientists are working（14） to study the pyramids.However， （15） can say how ancient people built them.
（1）А.to see
B.seeing
C.saw
D.sees
（2）A.they
B.them
C.their
D.theirs
（3）A.Thousands
B.A few thousands
C.Thousands of
D.Thousand of
（4）A.built
B.building
C.build
D.are building
（5）A.will
B.could
C.should
D.may
（6）A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
（7）A.Large
B.Larger
C.Largest
D.The largest
（8）A from
B.by
C.of
D.with
（9）A.very
B.such
C.much
D.too
（10）A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
（11）A.came
B.come
C.comes
D.are coming
（12）A.What
B.How
C.Which
D.Who
（13）A.So
B.However
C.But
D.Because
（14）A.hard
B.hardly
C.harder
D.more hardly
（15）A.somebody
B.anybody
C.everybody
D.nobody
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项使短文意思完整、通顺.
2．（10分）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars.My love of making things began when I was a kid.I really became（1） about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.
One day in fourth grade，our teacher gave us a project in class.We had to write to a company and learn about the products（产品）.I thought and thought.（2） I chose the Thomas Edison Company.Soon after，the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.I enjoyed reading and reading again about his（3） !I like the recorded sound and the electric light most and kept the inventions in my heart.
My dad found that I was interested in inventing and（4） me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into（5） and then into new things.Once，I made a model plane and my dad was very surprised.Later，we found a similar model plane in a store.I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.It is usual for this to happen.I also learned that not all great ideas （6） .Failure（失败） is a（7） part of the inventing.
As my father and I worked together，I began to（8） that my dad was quite an inventor himself.He was always（9） a better way to do an easy job.His（10） ，together with my interest in inventing，led me to become an engineer and an inventor.Of course，I also thank Thomas Edison.He is my hero.
（1）A.surprised
B.excited
C.bored
D.worried
（2）A.Finally
B.Suddenly
C.Hardly
D.Probably
（3）A.products
B.feelings
C.inventions
D.knowledge
（4）A.allowed
B.discussed
C.replied
D.encouraged
（5）A.plans
B.homework
C.advice
D.introduction
（6）A.win
B.depend
C.work
D.create
（7）A.comfortable
B.successful
C.funny
D.common
（8）A.promise
B.realize
C.decide
D.imagine
（9）A.looking up
B.taking in
C.looking for
D.giving up
（10）A.guide
B.order
C.rule
D.career
三、阅读（两节，共35分）
第一节 阅读理解
3．（8分）A young man went to an expert on gems（宝石） and wanted to learn from him.The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.In his opinion，they were always in a hurry.
The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try.Finally the expert said，"Be here tomorrow."
The next morning the expert put a jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.The expert then went about his work，cutting，weighing and setting gems.The man sat and waited excitedly.The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.On the third，fourth，and fifth day the expert repeated the action.
On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone，but he could no longer stand the silence."Sir，" he asked，"when am I going to learn something？"
"You will learn，" the expert replied.
Several more days went by.The man became more and more impatient.
However，when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning，the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"
"You have begun to learn，"the expert said with a smile.
（1）What do we know about the expert at first？
A.He got angry with the young man.
B.He didn't want to teach the young man.
C.He played a joke on the young man.
D.He made friends with the young man.
（2）Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days？
A.It was a way of learning.
B.He was too busy to teach the man.
C.It was all that he could give the man.
D.There was no other work for the man to do.
（3）How did the young man's feeling change？
A.worried→unhappy→nervous.
B.worried→nervous →unhappy.
C.excited→nervous →worried.
D.excited →unhappy→surprised.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？
A.A real expert on gems.
B.Some good learning habits.
C.The importance of patience.
D.The secret to learning quickly.
4．（8分）What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves？Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner，or a car full of passengers who are reading，listening to music or even sleeping.But none of them is worried about the road ahead.
Well，all of these could be the future of driving.There are several companies，for example，Google，working on driverless cars.So far，no Google self﹣driven car has got a traffic ticket，but some of them have been in accident when other cars hit them.
These cars are now still in the testing stages.If the tests are successful，these electric，self﹣driven cars could be available（可使用的） very soon.But how is it possible for a car to drive itself？Cars already have many features（特征） allowing them to take the place of drivers during certain situations.Some features include cars being able to park themselves，or slow down when they notice other cars close by.They can also control the speed if there are dangerous conditions（状况）.
Scientists believe that with the help of wireless signals，cameras and GPS，it is possible to create a safe self﹣driven car very soon.
The cause of deadly road accidents is usually careless drivers or dangerous conditions.The self﹣driven car may be able to stop this.However，some people do not like the idea.American lawyer Whit Drake，for example，doesn't believe these cars are safe.He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.
（1）The main purpose of the first paragraph is to .
A.get readers to pay attention to road safety
B.tell readers the danger of self﹣driven cars
C.ask readers to keep away from heavy traffic
D.make readers be interested in self﹣driven cars
（2）From the passage，we know that the testing self﹣driven cars can already .
A.stop any accident on the road
B.turn around when getting near other cars
C.control the speed in dangerous situations
D.park themselves with the help of the drivers
（3）What is Whit Drake's attitude（态度） toward the safety of the self﹣driven cars？
A.He has doubt about it.
B.He believes it completely.
C.He doesn't care about it.
D.He dislikes new technology.
（4）Where can we read this article？
A.In a magazine.
B.In a travel guide.
C.In a storyboard.
D.In an advertisement
5．（8分）Professor Stephen Hawking was born on 8th January，1942 in Oxford，England.When he was eight，his family moved to St.Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At the age of eleven，Hawking went to St.Albans School and then went to University of Oxford in 1959，where his father once studied.Hawking wanted to study maths although his father asked him to learn medicine.Since maths was not a choice at that university，he chose to study physics instead.Three years later，he won a very important prize in natural science.In 1963，Hawking suffered from a serious disease and was told that he couldn't live more than two years.In fact，he lived for another fifty﹣five years，until he died in March，2018，but he had to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life.
Hawking was also a famous writer.His first book，A Brief History of Time，came out in 1988 and became an international best seller.He also wrote a children's book，George and the Big Bang，with his daughter，while he was on a visit to Hong Kong for the first time over 10 years ago.Hawking said the book would be a bit like Harry Potter but without the magic."It explains the wonderful universe（宇宙），" said Hawking.
In 2014，a movie called The Theory of Everything was shown in cinemas.It was based on（以……为根据） Hawking's life.Hawking liked the film and said it made him think over his own life."Although I'm disabled，I have been successful in my scientific work."Hawking wrote on Facebook in November，2014. "I have traveled widely and I hope to go into space one day."
（1）What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.George and the Big Bang.
B.A Brief History of Time.
C.Harry Potter.
D.The Theory of Everything.
（2）In what order did the following events take place in Stephen Hawking's life？
a.His first book came out.
b.He got a serious disease.
c.He went to University of Oxford.
d.A movie based on his life was shown in cinemas.
e.He moved to a town about 20 miles north of London.
A.b﹣c﹣d﹣a﹣e
B.c﹣b﹣a﹣e﹣d
C.e﹣c﹣b﹣a﹣d
D.e﹣b﹣c﹣a﹣d
（3）What is true about Hawking？
A.He won a very important prize in match.
B.His father was a student of Oxford before.
C.He chose to study medicine because his father wanted him to.
D.He suffered from a serious disease in 1963 and died soon.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？
A.Stephen Hawking's lifetime.
B.Stephen Hawking's hard work in science.
C.How Stephen Hawking fought against his disease.
D.Why Stephen Hawking's books are sold well.
6．（6分）Where did these numbers come from？
Eleven and Twelve
The number"eleven"comes from the German word"ainlif"，which means"one left"in English.Twelve follows the same rule.It comes from"twalif'—"two left".Why did people use"teen"instead of "lif" from 13 to 19？We still don't know.
42.195 kilometres in a Marathon（马拉松）
The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides.Once his country won a big war（战争） and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news.To remember Pheidippides，people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896.It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens.But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special.They made it 42.195 km.And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon.
28 Days in February
Before the calendar（历法） we use today，one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months（March through December），with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days.The second king of Rome changed the old calendar.He added 50 days for January and February.To make the new months longer，he took one day from each of the 30﹣day months，and then made 56 days to divide between，January and February（28 days each）.Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year，but February still had 28 days.That's how it became the shortest month and it stayed that way ever since.
（1）The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because .
A.the British was bad at Maths
B.the British didn't like the Greek story
C.the British wanted to run longer
D.the British wanted to make the race different
（2）How many days were there in each month after the second king changed the old calendar？
A.28，29 or 31.
B.28，30 or 31.
C.28，29 or 30.
D.29，30 or 31.
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A.We don't know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn't follow the rule of twelve.
B.There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars.
C.The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news.
D.After changing the old calendar，February became the shortest month in a year.
第二节 阅读填空 阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选。
7．（5分）You have lots of things you'd like to do.But sometimes it's hard to get to the finish line just like your goal.How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones？ （1） Here are a few opinions we often get from kids，followed by ideas that might help.
●I can't get away from screens.
（2） If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored，go somewhere else instead.Take a book to your room or your violin to the backyard.Or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen.
●（3）
Start with"showing up."Then take one small step or do one tiny task，followed by another and another.For example，how do I practise the piano？First sit at it.Then play one note at a time.
Starting with a super﹣simple step often helps.Why？It's easy，quick，and gets you in action.（4）
●I have no time.
Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time.Do those choices show what's important to you？Can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal？Let's suppose you want to be a singer.（5） Talk with a parent about why your goal counts.Discuss whether you can let go off something less important to free up time to achieve it.
A.Then keep taking steps.
B.I can't start such a huge goal.
C.And how can you try to reach your goal？
D.To change a habit ，try changing where you spend your time.
E.Is it more important to practise singing than play video games？
四、写作（三节，共30分）
第一节 语篇填词（5小题；每题1分，共5分）根据短文及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，并注意使用适当形式。（每空限填一词）
8．（5分）Have you ever visited a robot's restaurant before？There is one in Harbin.When you walk into the restaurant，you will find 18 robots there.One of them will came up and say，"Hello，Earth person!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant." After you （1）o your food，the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking.When the meal is done，a robot waiter will walk out of the kitchen to give you the meal and as customers enjoy the food，a robot sings lovely songs for them.
You may ask："Where did all the robots come from？" The manager of the restaurant said："Harbin Robot Company（2） them.And the workers in a computer room manage（管理） all the robots." After a busy day，all the robots will go for a" meal".The meal is not common food.It is electricity（3）i .After about five hours，the robots can continue their work for a day.You can find more than 30 kinds of food in the restaurant now and the（4）p for a dinner is about 40 to 50 yuan per person.
Do you think robot restaurants will be more and more（5）p and more people will try eating there？Would you like to have a try in the restaurant？
第二节 完成句子（5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。
9．（2分）与家人保持联系很重要。
It's important to your family.
10．（2分）我们得到了所需要的那么多的书。
We've got we need.
11．（2分）大雨阻止了我们参加比赛。
The heavy rain part in the competition.
12．（2分）我们的电脑比以前好得多。
Our computers before.
13．（2分）他们计划建一个网站以便更多人能了解他们的音乐．
They plan to build a website more people could know their music．
书面表达（1题，共15分）
14．（15分）许多伟大的发明改变了世界，让我们的生活更加美好。你想成为一个小小的发明家吗？请以"My invention"为题，根据以下提示介绍一下你的发明。（80词左右）
内容提示：
名称
水陆两用汽车
外形
有两个翅膀，四个轮子
功能
1、可以在地上跑，也可以在水里跑
2、在地面上时，跟普通汽车一样
3、在水里时，翅膀变成船桨，让汽车前行
4、请你补充
优点
1、更方便
2、请你补充
词汇补充：船桨 paddle 前行：go forward
My invention
Dear teachers and classmates，
I'm glad to be here to introduce my invention.__________
广东省广州市天河中学猎德实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
一、语法选择（15小题；每小题15分，共15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（15分）Pyramids are one of the most interesting buildings in the world.Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us（1） A and study.In modern days，people look at them and ask，"Who built（2） B ？Why？When？What is inside？"
（3） C years ago，some kings of Egypt created the pyramids.They（4） A them as tombs.They thought the pyramids（5） B help people remember them as important persons.
The oldest pyramid we know today（6） A about 5，000 years old.Some of them are huge.（7） D pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu.It is about 144 metres high and it is made（8） C 2，300，000 stones.The stones are（9） A big and heavy.Most of them are taller than（10） A person.Scientists estimate（估计） it took at least 100，000 workers over 20 years to build the pyramid.As one of the Seven Wonders of the World，the Pyramid of Khufu is a very popular place of interest.Every year，travellers from all over the world（11） B to visit it.
How did ancient people build the pyramids？（12） B did they carry and lift up the large stones？Each stone fits with one another so well.（13） C ，the people didn't have modern machines at all!Now scientists are working（14） A to study the pyramids.However， （15） D can say how ancient people built them.
（1）А.to see
B.seeing
C.saw
D.sees
（2）A.they
B.them
C.their
D.theirs
（3）A.Thousands
B.A few thousands
C.Thousands of
D.Thousand of
（4）A.built
B.building
C.build
D.are building
（5）A.will
B.could
C.should
D.may
（6）A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
（7）A.Large
B.Larger
C.Largest
D.The largest
（8）A from
B.by
C.of
D.with
（9）A.very
B.such
C.much
D.too
（10）A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
（11）A.came
B.come
C.comes
D.are coming
（12）A.What
B.How
C.Which
D.Who
（13）A.So
B.However
C.But
D.Because
（14）A.hard
B.hardly
C.harder
D.more hardly
（15）A.somebody
B.anybody
C.everybody
D.nobody
【分析】本文主要介绍了埃及金字塔的历史，以及是谁建立起它们的，建立的时间，里面包含的东西等信息。
【解答】（1）考查动词。see看见，根据所给句子可知横线处的单词与and study在句中作了目的状语，因此用动词不定式形式，句意：许多金字塔至今仍保存在埃及尼罗河沿岸供我们参观和研究。故选A。
（2）考查代词。A.他们，B.他们，C.他们的，D.他们的，本句中的built是动词，其后接代词的宾格形式them作宾语，故选B。
（3）考查短语。A、B、D搭配错误，选项本身就是错误的，Thousands of数以千计的，句意：几千年前，埃及的一些国王创建了金字塔。故选C。
（4）考查动词。build建造，根据句意他们把它们建造成了坟墓，而本段中的时态是一般过去时，因此横线处填动词的过去式，故选A。
（5）考查情态动词。A将，B能，C应该，D可以，根据语境：他们认为金字塔可以帮助人们记住他们是重要人物。故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：据我们所知，最古老的金字塔大约有5000年的历史。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词要用is，故选A。
（7）考查形容词。A大的，B更大的，C最大的，D最大的，根据句意：最大的金字塔是胡夫金字塔，因此横线处填形容词最高级，而形容词最高级通常与定冠词the连用，故选D。
（8）考查介词。根据句意它是由230万石头建成的，其中be made of和be made from都表示"由...制成"，主语为制成品。be made of+材料表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。be made from表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。be made with指"制作中用了什么东西"，而本句中的石头是可以辨认的原材料，因此用be made of，故选C。
（9）考查副词。A非常，B如此，C很多，D太，根据语境：这些石头又大又重。后面是形容词，用very，故选A。
（10）考查冠词。a是不定冠词，泛指，常用在辅音音素之前；an是不定冠词，泛指，常用在元音音素之前；the是定冠词，特指；本句的意思是：它们中的大多数比一个人还高，而这里的人指泛指，且person是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a，故选A。
（11）考查动词。come来，根据语境：每年都有来自世界各地的游客来参观。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词要用原形。故选B。
（12）考查疑问词。A.什么，B.如何，C.哪个，D.谁，根据句意他们是怎么搬动和抬起大石头的，因此这里填疑问词how，故选B。
（13）考查连词。A.所以，B.虽然，C.但是，D.因为，前一句说每块石头都与另外一块如此吻合，后一句说人们根本没有现代的机器，前后两句具有转折的意思，故选C。
（14）考查副词。A努力地，B几乎不，C更努力地，D错误，根据语境：现在科学家们正在努力研究金字塔。没有比较，故选A。
（15）考查代词。A.某人，B.任何人，C.每个人，D.没有人，根据句意：然而，没有人能够说出来古人是如何建立起它们的。因此横线处的意思是"没有人"，故选D。
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项使短文意思完整、通顺.
2．（10分）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars.My love of making things began when I was a kid.I really became（1） B about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.
One day in fourth grade，our teacher gave us a project in class.We had to write to a company and learn about the products（产品）.I thought and thought.（2） A I chose the Thomas Edison Company.Soon after，the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.I enjoyed reading and reading again about his（3） C !I like the recorded sound and the electric light most and kept the inventions in my heart.
My dad found that I was interested in inventing and（4） D me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into（5） A and then into new things.Once，I made a model plane and my dad was very surprised.Later，we found a similar model plane in a store.I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.It is usual for this to happen.I also learned that not all great ideas （6） C .Failure（失败） is a（7） D part of the inventing.
As my father and I worked together，I began to（8） B that my dad was quite an inventor himself.He was always（9） C a better way to do an easy job.His（10） A ，together with my interest in inventing，led me to become an engineer and an inventor.Of course，I also thank Thomas Edison.He is my hero.
（1）A.surprised
B.excited
C.bored
D.worried
（2）A.Finally
B.Suddenly
C.Hardly
D.Probably
（3）A.products
B.feelings
C.inventions
D.knowledge
（4）A.allowed
B.discussed
C.replied
D.encouraged
（5）A.plans
B.homework
C.advice
D.introduction
（6）A.win
B.depend
C.work
D.create
（7）A.comfortable
B.successful
C.funny
D.common
（8）A.promise
B.realize
C.decide
D.imagine
（9）A.looking up
B.taking in
C.looking for
D.giving up
（10）A.guide
B.order
C.rule
D.career
【分析】本文主要讲述了为完成老师布置的作业，作者向爱迪生公司求教，了解到爱迪生的 各项发明，于是尝试自己去发明。在父亲的帮助下作者制造了一架飞机模型，但却和商店的飞机类似。作者明白了一个道理，不同的发明者经常发明相同的东西，不是所有伟大发明都有效，失败是发明中经常遇到的事情。
【解答】（1）形容词辨析。A：惊讶的；B：兴奋的；C：无聊的；D：担心的。根据下文...after I learned about Thomas Edison.（......在我了解了托马斯•爱迪生之后）可知，我对发明感到兴奋。故选B。
（2）副词辨析。A：最后；B：突然地；C：几乎不；D：或许。根据上文I thought and thought.（我想了又想）可知，最后我选择了托马斯•爱迪生公司。故选A。
（3）名词辨析。A：制品；B：情感；C：发明；D：知识。根据上文Soon after，the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.（不久之后，公司寄给我一本关于托马斯•爱迪生生平的书。）可知，我阅读的是关于他的发明。故选C。
（4）动词辨析。A：允许；B：讨论；C：回答；D：鼓励。根据句意他向我展示了如何将我的想法转化计划，再转化为新事物可知，是我父亲鼓励了我。故选D。
（5）名词辨析。A：计划；B：家庭作业；C：建议；D：介绍。根据上文He showed me how to turn my ideas into（他向我展示了如何将我的想法转化为）和下文and then into new things（转化为新事物）可知，是把想法先转化为计划，再转化为新事物。故选A。
（6）动词辨析。A：获胜；B：依赖；C：起作用；D：创造。根据上文I also learned that not all great ideas （我也明白了并非所有伟大的想法都会）可知，是起作用。故选C。
（7）形容词辨析。A：舒适的；B：成功的；C：有趣的；D：普通的。根据句意失败是发明的普通部分可知，common"普通的"符合题意。故选D。
（8）动词辨析。A：承诺；B：意识到；C：决定；D：想像。根据上文As my father and I worked together，I began to（当我的父亲和我一起工作时，我开始）可知，是意识到我父亲自己就是一个发明家。故选B。
（9）动词短语辨析。A：查阅；B：吸收；C：寻找；D：放弃。根据下文...a better way to do an easy job.（......一个更好的方法去做简单的工作）可知，是寻找。故选C。
（10）名词辨析。A：指导；B：命令；C：规则；D：职业。根据上文 As my father and I worked together，I began to（8）that my dad was quite an inventor himself（当我的父亲和我一起工作时，我开始意识到我父亲自己就是一个发明家）和下文together with my interest in inventing（加上我对发明的兴趣）可知，是我父亲的指导，导致我变成了一个工程师和一个发明家。故选A。
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
三、阅读（两节，共35分）第一节 阅读理解
3．（8分）A young man went to an expert on gems（宝石） and wanted to learn from him.The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.In his opinion，they were always in a hurry.
The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try.Finally the expert said，"Be here tomorrow."
The next morning the expert put a jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.The expert then went about his work，cutting，weighing and setting gems.The man sat and waited excitedly.The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man's hand and told him to hold it.On the third，fourth，and fifth day the expert repeated the action.
On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone，but he could no longer stand the silence."Sir，" he asked，"when am I going to learn something？"
"You will learn，" the expert replied.
Several more days went by.The man became more and more impatient.
However，when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning，the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"
"You have begun to learn，"the expert said with a smile.
（1）What do we know about the expert at first？ B
A.He got angry with the young man.
B.He didn't want to teach the young man.
C.He played a joke on the young man.
D.He made friends with the young man.
（2）Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days？ A
A.It was a way of learning.
B.He was too busy to teach the man.
C.It was all that he could give the man.
D.There was no other work for the man to do.
（3）How did the young man's feeling change？ D
A.worried→unhappy→nervous.
B.worried→nervous →unhappy.
C.excited→nervous →worried.
D.excited →unhappy→surprised.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？ C
A.A real expert on gems.
B.Some good learning habits.
C.The importance of patience.
D.The secret to learning quickly.
【分析】本文主要讲述了一个年轻人向宝石专家求教的故事。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.（专家摇了摇头。他担心年轻人没有耐心学习。）可知，专家一开始并不想教这个年轻人。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据 However，when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning，the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"（然而，一天早上，当专家把一块石头放在他手里时，年轻人看都没看就喊道："这不是那块玉石!"）以及"You have begun to learn，"the expert said with a smile.（"你已经开始学习了，"专家笑着说。）可推知，专家让年轻人好几天都握着一块石头，是因为这也是一种学习的方式。故选A。
（3）文章排序题。根据The man sat and waited excitedly.（那人坐着，兴奋地等着。）和but he could no longer stand the silence.（但他再也无法忍受这种沉默了。）以及the young man shouted without looking at it，"This is not the same jade stone!"（年轻人看都没看就喊道："这不是那块玉石!"）可知，年轻人感情变化是：从兴奋到不开心再到惊讶。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据A young man went to an expert on gems（宝石）and wanted to learn from him.The expert shook his head.He worried that young men wouldn't have the patience to learn.In his opinion，they were always in a hurry.（一个年轻人去见一位宝石专家，想向他学习。专家摇了摇头。他担心年轻人没有耐心学习。在他看来，他们总是匆匆忙忙的。）以及通读全文可知，本文通过一个年轻人向宝石专家求教的故事，告诉我们耐心在学习中的重要性。故选C。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
4．（8分）What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves？Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner，or a car full of passengers who are reading，listening to music or even sleeping.But none of them is worried about the road ahead.
Well，all of these could be the future of driving.There are several companies，for example，Google，working on driverless cars.So far，no Google self﹣driven car has got a traffic ticket，but some of them have been in accident when other cars hit them.
These cars are now still in the testing stages.If the tests are successful，these electric，self﹣driven cars could be available（可使用的） very soon.But how is it possible for a car to drive itself？Cars already have many features（特征） allowing them to take the place of drivers during certain situations.Some features include cars being able to park themselves，or slow down when they notice other cars close by.They can also control the speed if there are dangerous conditions（状况）.
Scientists believe that with the help of wireless signals，cameras and GPS，it is possible to create a safe self﹣driven car very soon.
The cause of deadly road accidents is usually careless drivers or dangerous conditions.The self﹣driven car may be able to stop this.However，some people do not like the idea.American lawyer Whit Drake，for example，doesn't believe these cars are safe.He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.
（1）The main purpose of the first paragraph is to D .
A.get readers to pay attention to road safety
B.tell readers the danger of self﹣driven cars
C.ask readers to keep away from heavy traffic
D.make readers be interested in self﹣driven cars
（2）From the passage，we know that the testing self﹣driven cars can already C .
A.stop any accident on the road
B.turn around when getting near other cars
C.control the speed in dangerous situations
D.park themselves with the help of the drivers
（3）What is Whit Drake's attitude（态度） toward the safety of the self﹣driven cars？ A
A.He has doubt about it.
B.He believes it completely.
C.He doesn't care about it.
D.He dislikes new technology.
（4）Where can we read this article？ A
A.In a magazine.
B.In a travel guide.
C.In a storyboard.
D.In an advertisement
【分析】本文主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves？Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner，or a car full of passengers who are reading，listening to music or even sleeping.But none of them is worried about the road ahead.（如果汽车能自动驾驶，世界将会是什么样子？想象一下，你看到一辆空车在去接主人的路上经过，或者一辆满车的乘客都在看书、听音乐甚至睡觉。但他们都不担心前面的路。）可知，是为了引起读者对自动驾驶汽车的兴趣。故选D。
（2）细节判断题。根据They can also control the speed if there are dangerous conditions（状况）.（如果有危险的情况，它们也可以控制速度。）可知，自动驾驶汽车可以在危险情况下控制车速。故选C。
（3）细节推理题。根据American lawyer Whit Drake，for example，doesn't believe these cars are safe.He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.（例如，美国律师惠特•德雷克就不相信这些车是安全的。他认为技术也可能是错误。）可知，他对自动驾驶汽车的安全性表示怀疑。故选A。
（4）信息来源题。根据Well，all of these could be the future of driving.There are several companies，for example，Google，working on driverless cars.（所有这些都可能是驾驶的未来。有几家公司，例如谷歌，正在研究无人驾驶汽车。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车，所以我们最有可能在杂志上阅读到这篇文章。故选A。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
5．（8分）Professor Stephen Hawking was born on 8th January，1942 in Oxford，England.When he was eight，his family moved to St.Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At the age of eleven，Hawking went to St.Albans School and then went to University of Oxford in 1959，where his father once studied.Hawking wanted to study maths although his father asked him to learn medicine.Since maths was not a choice at that university，he chose to study physics instead.Three years later，he won a very important prize in natural science.In 1963，Hawking suffered from a serious disease and was told that he couldn't live more than two years.In fact，he lived for another fifty﹣five years，until he died in March，2018，but he had to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life.
Hawking was also a famous writer.His first book，A Brief History of Time，came out in 1988 and became an international best seller.He also wrote a children's book，George and the Big Bang，with his daughter，while he was on a visit to Hong Kong for the first time over 10 years ago.Hawking said the book would be a bit like Harry Potter but without the magic."It explains the wonderful universe（宇宙），" said Hawking.
In 2014，a movie called The Theory of Everything was shown in cinemas.It was based on（以……为根据） Hawking's life.Hawking liked the film and said it made him think over his own life."Although I'm disabled，I have been successful in my scientific work."Hawking wrote on Facebook in November，2014. "I have traveled widely and I hope to go into space one day."
（1）What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ A
A.George and the Big Bang.
B.A Brief History of Time.
C.Harry Potter.
D.The Theory of Everything.
（2）In what order did the following events take place in Stephen Hawking's life？ C
a.His first book came out.
b.He got a serious disease.
c.He went to University of Oxford.
d.A movie based on his life was shown in cinemas.
e.He moved to a town about 20 miles north of London.
A.b﹣c﹣d﹣a﹣e
B.c﹣b﹣a﹣e﹣d
C.e﹣c﹣b﹣a﹣d
D.e﹣b﹣c﹣a﹣d
（3）What is true about Hawking？ B
A.He won a very important prize in match.
B.His father was a student of Oxford before.
C.He chose to study medicine because his father wanted him to.
D.He suffered from a serious disease in 1963 and died soon.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ A
A.Stephen Hawking's lifetime.
B.Stephen Hawking's hard work in science.
C.How Stephen Hawking fought against his disease.
D.Why Stephen Hawking's books are sold well.
【分析】本文主要介绍了霍金的一生。
【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据He also wrote a children's book，George and the Big Bang，with his daughter，while he was on a visit to Hong Kong for the first time over 10 years ago.Hawking said the book would be a bit like Harry Potter but without the magic."It explains the wonderful universe（宇宙），" said Hawking.（十多年前，当他第一次访问香港时，他还和女儿一起写了一本儿童书籍《乔治和大爆炸》。霍金说，这本书有点像《哈利波特》，但没有魔法。"它解释了奇妙的宇宙，"霍金说。）可知，It指代的是George and the Big Bang。故选A
（2）文章排序题。根据When he was eight，his family moved to St.Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.（他8岁时，全家搬到了伦敦以北约20英里的圣奥尔本斯。）可知，e.He moved to a town about 20 miles north of London.（他搬到了伦敦以北20英里的一个小镇。）排第一，排除AB选项；再根据and then went to University of Oxford in 1959（1959年进入牛津大学）以及In 1963，Hawking suffered from a serious disease（1963年，霍金患上了一种严重的疾病）可知，他先上的大学，再得了重病，c排在b之前，排除D选项。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据and then went to University of Oxford in 1959，where his father once studied.（然后1959年，他去了他父亲曾经就读的牛津大学。）可知，他父亲以前是牛津大学的学生。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据Professor Stephen Hawking was born on 8th January，1942 in Oxford，England.（斯蒂芬•霍金教授于1942年1月8日出生在英国牛津。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了霍金的一生。故选A。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
6．（6分）Where did these numbers come from？
Eleven and Twelve
The number"eleven"comes from the German word"ainlif"，which means"one left"in English.Twelve follows the same rule.It comes from"twalif'—"two left".Why did people use"teen"instead of "lif" from 13 to 19？We still don't know.
42.195 kilometres in a Marathon（马拉松）
The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides.Once his country won a big war（战争） and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news.To remember Pheidippides，people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896.It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens.But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special.They made it 42.195 km.And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon.
28 Days in February
Before the calendar（历法） we use today，one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months（March through December），with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days.The second king of Rome changed the old calendar.He added 50 days for January and February.To make the new months longer，he took one day from each of the 30﹣day months，and then made 56 days to divide between，January and February（28 days each）.Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year，but February still had 28 days.That's how it became the shortest month and it stayed that way ever since.
（1）The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because D .
A.the British was bad at Maths
B.the British didn't like the Greek story
C.the British wanted to run longer
D.the British wanted to make the race different
（2）How many days were there in each month after the second king changed the old calendar？ A
A.28，29 or 31.
B.28，30 or 31.
C.28，29 or 30.
D.29，30 or 31.
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？ C
A.We don't know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn't follow the rule of twelve.
B.There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars.
C.The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news.
D.After changing the old calendar，February became the shortest month in a year.
【分析】本文主要介绍了关于数字、马拉松以及历法方面的信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special.（但是1908年伦敦奥运会的比赛组织者想增加一些特别的东西。）可知，组织者是想让马拉松比赛与众不同。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据To make the new months longer，he took one day from each of the 30﹣day months，and then made 56 days to divide between，January and February（28 days each）.Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year，but February still had 28 days.（为了延长每个月的时间，他从每个月的30天中抽出一天，然后用56天来划分一月和二月。后来，一月又多了一天，使一年的天数加起来达到355天，但二月仍然有28天。）可知，第二个国王改了旧历法后，每个月有28天、29天和31天。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据Once his country won a big war（战争） and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.（有一次他的国家赢得了一场战争，他把好消息从马拉松带到雅典。）可知，这个希腊士兵从雅典跑到马拉松去传递好消息表述错误。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
第二节 阅读填空 阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选。
7．（5分）You have lots of things you'd like to do.But sometimes it's hard to get to the finish line just like your goal.How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones？ （1） C Here are a few opinions we often get from kids，followed by ideas that might help.
●I can't get away from screens.
（2） D If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored，go somewhere else instead.Take a book to your room or your violin to the backyard.Or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen.
●（3） B
Start with"showing up."Then take one small step or do one tiny task，followed by another and another.For example，how do I practise the piano？First sit at it.Then play one note at a time.
Starting with a super﹣simple step often helps.Why？It's easy，quick，and gets you in action.（4） A
●I have no time.
Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time.Do those choices show what's important to you？Can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal？Let's suppose you want to be a singer.（5） E Talk with a parent about why your goal counts.Discuss whether you can let go off something less important to free up time to achieve it.
A.Then keep taking steps.
B.I can't start such a huge goal.
C.And how can you try to reach your goal？
D.To change a habit ，try changing where you spend your time.
E.Is it more important to practise singing than play video games？
【分析】本文主要讲述了如何培养好习惯的建议。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据Here are a few opinions we often get from kids，followed by ideas that might help.（以下是我们经常从孩子那里得到的一些意见，以及可能有帮助的想法。）可知，此处要提出问题"如何做"。C选项"你怎样才能达到你的目标呢"符合语境。故选C。
（2）根据If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you're bored，go somewhere else instead.（如果你觉得无聊的时候总是躺在沙发上看电视节目或视频，那就去别的地方吧。）可知，要改变习惯。D选项"要改变一个习惯，试着改变你花时间的地方"符合语境。故选D。
（3）根据Then take one small step or do one tiny task，followed by another and another.（然后迈出一小步或完成一项小任务，然后一步又一步。）可知，在讲述如何完成目标。B选项"我不能开始这么大的目标"符合语境。故选B。
（4）根据上文followed by another and another.（然后一步又一步。）可知，要继续做。A选项"然后继续采取措施"符合语境。故选A。
（5）根据Let's suppose you want to be a singer.（假设你想成为一名歌手。）可知，此处和唱歌有关。E选项"练习唱歌比玩电子游戏更重要吗"符合语境。故选E。
【点评】做这类题目时，要通读文章结构，结合前后句选出答案，注意句子间的逻辑关系。
四、写作（三节，共30分）第一节 语篇填词（5小题；每题1分，共5分）根据短文及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，并注意使用适当形式。（每空限填一词）
8．（5分）Have you ever visited a robot's restaurant before？There is one in Harbin.When you walk into the restaurant，you will find 18 robots there.One of them will came up and say，"Hello，Earth person!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant." After you （1）o rder your food，the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking.When the meal is done，a robot waiter will walk out of the kitchen to give you the meal and as customers enjoy the food，a robot sings lovely songs for them.
You may ask："Where did all the robots come from？" The manager of the restaurant said："Harbin Robot Company（2） made them.And the workers in a computer room manage（管理） all the robots." After a busy day，all the robots will go for a" meal".The meal is not common food.It is electricity（3）i nstead .After about five hours，the robots can continue their work for a day.You can find more than 30 kinds of food in the restaurant now and the（4）p rice for a dinner is about 40 to 50 yuan per person.
Do you think robot restaurants will be more and more（5）p opular and more people will try eating there？Would you like to have a try in the restaurant？
【分析】本文讲述了哈尔滨的机器人餐厅。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：你点完菜后，厨房里的机器人就开始做饭了。根据语境及首字母提示，句子时态是一般现在时，此处表示"点菜"用动词order。故填：order。
（2）考查动词。句意：这家餐厅的经理说："这是哈尔滨机器人公司制造的它们。由语境可知，句子时态是一般过去时，此处应填made，故填：made。
（3）考查副词。句意：这顿饭不是普通的食物。而它是电。根据语境及首字母提示，此处应填instead（反而），故填：instead。
（4）考查名词。句意：现在你可以在餐厅里找到30多种食物，一顿晚餐的价格大约是每人40到50元。根据空后about 40 to 50 yuan per person（每人40到50元）及首字母提示，此处是价格。the price for a dinner一顿晚餐的价格，故填：price。
（5）考查形容词。句意：你认为机器人餐厅会越来越受欢迎，越来越多的人会尝试在那里吃饭吗？根据语境及首字母提示，此处是受欢迎的，故填：popular。
【点评】先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
第二节 完成句子（5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）
9．（2分）与家人保持联系很重要。
It's important to keep in touch with your family.
【分析】It's important to keep in touch with your family.
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：keep in touch with保持联系。考查句型It's+形容词 to do sth做某事是……的。
故答案为keep in touch with．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
10．（2分）我们得到了所需要的那么多的书。
We've got as many books as we need.
【分析】We've got as many books as we need.
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：as many books as和……一样。
故答案为as many books as．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
11．（2分）大雨阻止了我们参加比赛。
The heavy rain stopped us from taking part in the competition.
【分析】The heavy rain stopped us from taking part in the competition.
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事；take part in参加。由句意可知时态是一般过去时。
故答案为stopped us from taking．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
12．（2分）我们的电脑比以前好得多。
Our computers is much better than before.
【分析】我们的电脑比以前好得多。
【解答】好得多much better，better是good的比较级，much修饰比较级；比than。是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。
故答案为：is；much；better；than。
【点评】汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
13．（2分）他们计划建一个网站以便更多人能了解他们的音乐．
They plan to build a website so that more people could know their music．
【分析】They plan to build a website so that more people could know their music．
【解答】根据题干，可知考查句子结构：so that+目的状语从句．表示以便于…句意：他们计划建一个网站以便更多人能了解他们的音乐．
故答案为so that．
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
书面表达（1题，共15分）
14．（15分）许多伟大的发明改变了世界，让我们的生活更加美好。你想成为一个小小的发明家吗？请以"My invention"为题，根据以下提示介绍一下你的发明。（80词左右）
内容提示：
名称
水陆两用汽车
外形
有两个翅膀，四个轮子
功能
1、可以在地上跑，也可以在水里跑
2、在地面上时，跟普通汽车一样
3、在水里时，翅膀变成船桨，让汽车前行
4、请你补充
优点
1、更方便
2、请你补充
词汇补充：船桨 paddle 前行：go forward
My invention
Dear teachers and classmates，
I'm glad to be here to introduce my invention.__________
【分析】【高分句型一】
On the ground，it can run as well as the ordinary car.在地面上，它可以像普通汽车一样运行。
as well as和……一样好。
【高分句型二】
I think my invention will help people live a better life in the future.我认为我的发明将帮助人们在未来过上更好的生活。
I think+宾语从句。
【解答】
My invention
Dear teachers and classmates，
I'm glad to be here to introduce my invention.My invention is a car.People can use it on the land or in the water.（名称） This kind of car has two wings on its two sides and four wheels under the car. （外形）On the ground，it can run as well as the ordinary car.【高分句型一】However，when it is in the water，the four wheels will hide under the car and the two wings will become two paddles to make the car go forward. （介绍我的发明）Compared with the ordinary car，this kind of car is more convenient and uses less petrol.More importantly，it can save resources and make less pollution.（优点）
I think my invention will help people live a better life in the future.【高分句型二】（感受）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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