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    1survive v.生存;幸存 survival n生存存活;残存物幸存事物survivor n幸存者2intend vi.& vt.想要计划;意指intention n打算计划3refer v.查阅参考;提到谈及reference n提到谈及;参考查阅;参考书目4limit n限度;极限;范围 limited adj.有限的5contain v.容纳 container n容器;集装箱货柜6wise adj.明智的wisely adv.明智地wisdom n智慧才智明智;知识学问7benefit n优势;益处 beneficial adj.有益的有用的1wisdom n智慧才智明智;知识学问The government in its wisdom has decided to support the ban.智慧Many Tibetans have expressed doubts about the wisdom of the decision.明智The received wisdom is that they cannot win. 知识2refer to 查阅参考;提到谈及;指的是Her mother never referred to him again. 提到谈及This paragraph refers to the events of last year. 涉及指的是You may refer to your notes if you want. 查阅参考Words and Phrases知识要点1 survival n生存存活;残存物幸存事物(教材P44)Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosumalaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival.由于她发现了青蒿素世界各地的疟疾患者现在有了极大的生存机会。[1]  If you develop AIDSyour chance of survival is very small.如果你得了艾滋病生存的概率很小。[2] A lot of small companies have to fight for survival.很多小公司不得不为生存而拼搏。[造句] 如果癌症早被发现存活的概率就高。If cancers are spotted/discovered earlythere's a high chance of survival.[知识拓展](1)survive vt.& vi. 生还;残存;比……活的时间长survive on... 仅靠……维持生计survive sb.by... 比某人多活…… (2)survivor n. 生存者;残存者;幸存者[即学即练] 单句语法填空She survived her husband by twenty years.Life became a struggle for survival(survive)Luckilymost of the passengers survived(survive) the terrible accident.Millions of people survive on a very limited diet.[小片段助记]Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of survival. Last week, thanks to the swimming skills he and his friend succeeded in surviving the terrible flood and they were the only two survivors.知识要点2 intend vi.& vt.想要计划;意指(教材P44)In the 1960smany people were dying of malariaand in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.20世纪60年代许多人死于疟疾。1969屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长这个课题组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。[1]  I intend that you(should) be invited by them.我打算让他们邀请你。[2] What do you intend doing when you get to this place?你打算到这里干什么?[造句] 他打算明年去国外留学。He intends to study/studying abroad next year.[知识拓展](1)intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事(2)intended adj. 打算的;计划的be intended for... ……打算(或设计)be intended to do... 打算做……(3)intention n. 意图目的;企图with the intention of ……的打算/目的have no intention of doing sth.have no intention to do sth. 无意做某事without intention 无意地不是故意地[即学即练] 单句语法填空He went to Paris with the intention(intend) of learning French.He intends his son to manage(manage) the company.I had intended(intend) to do itbut I'm sorry I forgot.This is a new book intended(intend) for little children.[小片段助记]With the intention of becoming rich and famousmany people intend to take part in some TV showsmost people didn't get what they had intended to get.知识要点3 refer to 查阅参考;提到谈及(教材P45)When they failed to produce any promising resultsTu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.当它们没有取得预期效果时屠呦呦再次去查阅历代中医典籍。[1] In his speechhe referred to a recent trip to Canada.在他的讲话中他提到了最近的加拿大之行。[2] Marcia had referred to him as a dear friend.玛西娅把他称为好朋友。[造句] 我答应过再也不提这事了。I promised not to refer to the matter again.[知识拓展](1)refer v 参考;提到;查阅;涉及refer...to... ……提交给……refer to...as... ……看作……(2)reference n. 参考查阅;提到谈及; 介绍信介绍人make(a) reference to 谈及提及;参考in/with reference to 关于reference book 参考书;工具书[即学即练] 单句语法填空He made no reference(refer) to his illness but only to his future plans.He is referred(refer) to as a living Lei Feng.The question referred to at the meeting is hard to answer.I have nothing to say in/with reference to that case.知识要点4 (教材P45)Howeverit was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited然而由于研究资源有限难以生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大型试验。(1)trial n试用试验;审讯审判;考验vi.& vt.测试试验[1] She agreed to employ me for a trial period.她同意试用我一段时间。[2] We had the machine on trial for a week.这台机器我们已经试用了一个星期。[造句]  我把车开出去在公路上试了一下。I took the car out for a trial on the roads.[知识拓展]be on trial 正在受审stand/go on trial 受到审判on trial 在试验/测试中trial and error 反复试验[即学即练] 单句语法填空Now he is on trial for his life.She will go on trial for murder.Children learn to use computer by trial and error.(2)limited adj.有限的[1] The amount of money we have is limited.我们拥有的钱是有限的。[2] Film is a business with limited opportunities for actresses.电影业对女演员来说机会有限。[造句] 此次减价时间有限。This offer is for a limited period only.[知识拓展](1)limit vt. 限制    n[C] 限度限制limit...to... ……限定在……be limited to 局限于……there is a limit to... ……是有限度的(2)limitless adj. 无限制的无止境的(3)limitation n. 限制;局限[即学即练] 单句语法填空We are doing our best with the limited(limit) resources available.The teacher limited his students to 500 words for their compositions.There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.Families are limited(limit)to three free tickets each.[小片段助记]A man's life is limitedbut there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.知识要点5 container n容器;集装箱货柜(教材P45)When there was no research equipmentthey had to extract herbs using household water containers.当时没有研究设备他们只能用家用的盛水容器提取青蒿。[1] Do not fill the container more than two­thirds full.加入的量不要超过容器总容量的2/3[2] The crane lifted the container onto the truck.吊车把集装箱吊运到卡车上。[造句] 她将水注入了容器里。She poured the water into the container.[知识拓展]contain vt. 包含;容纳;容忍;控制克制contain oneself 克制自己[易混辨析] containincludecontain表示包含所含之物的全部还指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质。另外contain还有克制抑制之意。include意为包含;包括……在内;计入算入指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去在句中常构成分词短语sb./sth.includedincluding sb./sth.[即学即练] 单句语法填空/选词填空(containinclude)He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he)I don't know how much oil is in this old container(contain)The girl went to pick up the bag containing(contain) much money.Our school lecture hall contains(contain) 1000 people.This little book contains all the information that you need.I have to prepare food for seven people including me.知识要点6 speed up (使)加速(教材P45)To speed up the process and ensure its safetyTu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.为了加快进程并确保安全屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿提取物。[1] I noticed that your breathing has speeded up a bit.我注意到你的呼吸已加快了一点。[2] This system helps speed up access times.这个系统有助于加快读取数据的时间。[造句] 我已经采取措施加快解决这个问题。I had already taken steps to speed up a solution to the problem.[知识拓展]at a speed of... ……的速度at low/high/full/top speed 以低///最高速pick up speed 加速[即学即练] 单句语法填空Once outside the stationthe train began to speed upA sudden stop can be a very frightening experienceespecially if you are travelling at high speed.This flight is now heading for Paris at a speed of 1000 kilometres an hour.Many countries are faced with the problem how to speed up economic development.知识要点7 pay off 成功奏效达到目的(教材P45)The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。[1] It will take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.那笔贷款将需要他的余生才能还清。[2] I believe that hard work and determination pay off.我相信勤奋和决心一定会得到回报。[造句] 他们的努力最终有了回报。Their efforts paid off in the end.[知识拓展]pay off 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清还清pay for ……付钱;为……付出代价pay back 还钱;报复[名师点津] pay off表示得到回报无被动语态且一般用表示事物的名词作主语;表示偿清用人作主语。[即学即练] 单句语法填空The efforts made by Jack and his parents paid(pay) off.Can you lend me some moneyI'll pay you back on Friday.At lastthe young people's hard work paid(pay) off.The couple were happy to know that their son's debt had been paid(pay) off.知识要点8 beneficial adj.有益的有用的(教材P45)Perhaps the next generation of scientistsdrawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicinewill indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care.也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧确实会发现更多有益于全球医疗的药物。[1] To take exercise indoors is less beneficial than in the open air.在室内锻炼不如在室外锻炼更有益。[2] Being exposed to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to learn the local language.在外国文化环境中熏陶有利于我们学习当地语言。[造句] 水对植物和动物都有益。Water is beneficial to both plants and animals.[知识拓展](1)be beneficial to ……有益……有用(2)benefit v. ……有用使受益        n. 益处benefit from/by 得益得利于be of benefit to ……有利for sb.'s benefitfor the benefit of sb. 为了某人的利益[即学即练] 单句语法填空Your advice is very beneficial(benefit) to me.You must study hard for the benefit of your own.This is an agreement which is of great benefit to both parties.Both sides have benefited from/by the talks.[小片段助记]I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit of those people who were absent last weekwhich I think is beneficial to their learning.The notes will be of benefit to everyone concerned.1(教材P44)Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prizeawarded for her contribution to the fight against malariaone of the deadliest diseases in human history.[分析] 此句为简单句。不定式 to receive a Nobel Prize作后置定语修饰名词scientist;过去分词短语awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria作定语相当于定语从句which was awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria;名词短语one of the deadliest diseases in human historymalaria 的同位语。[译文] 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。2(教材P45)Howeverit was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.[分析] 此句为主从复合句。句中 because 引导原因状语从句。主句中it 为形式主语真正的主语为不定式短语to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials[译文] 然而由于研究资源有限难以生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大型试验。3(教材P45)Perhaps the next generation of scientistsdrawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicinewill indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care.[分析] 此句为简单句。句中drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine为动词­ing短语作定语修饰名词 scientists[译文] 也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧确实会发现更多有益于全球医疗的药物。教材高考1.In the 1960smany people were dying of malariaand in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.(2020·天津卷)Making a full­length clay(黏土)figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do2.When they failed to produce any promising resultsTu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.(2020·新高考全国卷)What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to3.Howeverit was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.(2019·江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited resources.4.To speed up the process and ensure its safetyTu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.(2020·全国卷)They will speed up energy production.5.In her Nobel Lectureshe encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.(2020·全国卷)What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture(2020·全国卷)Take a tour of his Lakeland cottagewalk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum..单句语法填空1Scientific research shows that women tend to survive their husbands by 510 years.2She went to this city with the intention(intend) of finding a good job.3It was foolish of him to refer to his notes during that important test.4The report will be published(publish)on the Internet.5At worst we'll have to sell the house to pay off our debts.6Her menu was so limited(limit) that few customers came to her restaurant.7The new rules will be beneficial(benefit) to every student.8I think Mary is a woman of great wisdom(wise)9Take the machine on trial for a week.10An animal's sense of smell is still crucial to it's survival (survive).短语填空refer tospeed uppay offmake a differencethanks tosucceed inday and nightgive uplarge amounts ofdraw on1I'll have to draw on my savings to afford it.2It was all a great success—thanks to a lot of hard work.3Did he give up or keep on trying?4Study this example and refer to the explanation below.5After a month's hard workhis effort paid off at last.6He succeeded in getting a place at art school last year.7Whatever you choose to doit will make a difference8Speed up your pace and try to arrive there on time.9Students should not play computer games day and night10The server is designed to store large amounts of data..课文语法填空Because of her contribution to the fight against malaria, Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the people's Republic of China 1.to receive(receive) a Nobel Prize.Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu 2.studied(study) medicine at university in Beijing and acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In 1969 she became head of a team that intended to find a cure 3.for malaria. 4.Inspired(inspire) by an over 1600­year­old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, she tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its 5.effective(effect) part.She finally succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. 6.However, the trials on patients were likely to 7.be postponed(postpone) because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up the process and ensure its 8.safety(safe), Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. In November 1972, they successfully isolated the most effective part of 9.the extract and named it qinghaosu, 10.which is now a key part of many malaria medicines. Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level. 

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