湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023届高三英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附答案）

2022-2023-1长郡中学高三上期中考试

英    语

时量：120分钟                满分：150分

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分30分）略

第二部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节  （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Originally a medieval fortress and kings’ homes on the right bank of the Seine, the Louvre Museum has many famous pieces on permanent display.

Mona Lisa

The Mona Lisa, painted by Leonardo da Vinci, has been on display at the Louvre Museum since 1797. More than six million people visit the Louvre to see the Mona Lisa each year. The fame is almost entirely the result of a robbery that took place in 1911, when the Mona Lisa was taken from the Louvre by an Italian patriot. The thief was caught trying to sell the painting to the Uffizi Museum in Florence, and the Mona Lisa was returned to Paris in early 1914.

Winged Victory of Samothrace

Representing the Greek goddess of victory, Nike was found in hundreds of different pieces in 1863 on the Greek island of Samothrace before she was brought to the Louvre Museum. She was positioned as the sole figure on top of a staircase in the museum in 1863 where she has remained ever since. The athletic wear company of the same name used the goddess of victory as inspiration for the brand, and the Nike logo is taken from the shape of the top of her wings.

Venus de Milo

Discovered in 1820 on the Greek island of Milo, the Venus de Milo was gifted to King Louis XⅧ, who donated it to the Louvre collection. Venus de Milo is thought to represent the Greek goddess Aphrodite, though her identity has never been proven. She is positioned to appear as if she is looking across the other Roman depictions of Venus that appear in the same hall at the Louvre Museum.

Liberty Leading the People

Painted by Eugene Delacroix, this work depicts a woman, a symbol of the French Revolution known as Marianne, holding the tricolor revolutionary French flag that would later become the official flag of France, while standing above the bodies of fallen men. Delacroix created the painting to commemorate the July Revolution, which toppled King Charles X of France. In 1874, it was acquired by the Louvre Museum.

21. What do we know about the painting Mona Lisa in the Louvre Museum?

 A. It has attracted a total of six million people to the museum.

 B. It was so famous as to almost fuel a crime in 1911.

 C. It was once displayed in the Uffizi Museum in Florence.

 D. It was not kept in the Louvre Museum for several years.

22. Which of the following pieces is set in France?

 A. Mona Lisa.  B. Winged Victory of Samothrace.

 C. Venus de Milo.  D. Liberty Leading the People.

23. What do the “Winged Victory of Samothrace” and “Venus de Milo” have in common?

 A. Both of them are connected with Greek beliefs.

 B. Both of them inspired athletic wear designers.

 C. Both of them were positioned as sole figures.

 D. Both of them were gifts to French kings.

B

Dara was diagnosed as autistic when he was 5. Life was isolated and difficult, but he continued to learn, write and photograph. Nature was and is as big a part of him as his own heartbeat.

Dara’s family used to live in Belfast, a city filled with piercing noise. It was a struggle for the young autistic. He couldn’t fade out the noise to hear what mattered. In 2013, Dara’s dad, who is a conservation scientist, transferred to County Fermanagh, so the family moved and life started to change for Dara.

The volume was turned down enough to hear things and the boy discovered quiet places so alive with wildlife. He felt a surge growing inside him. Dara loved this place. The screaming volume in his mind turned down and thoughts and words started to spill out.

Dora started his blog in June 2016 and has been overwhelmed by the reactions to it from the wider world. He’s met some wonderful people and had extraordinary opportunities. His blog won the youth category for the Wildlife Trusts 30 Days Wild 2017 campaign and he himself won the yearly “competition” — best blog of 2016 — organized by A Focus on Nature.

Dara also organizes wildlife awareness displays for schools and organizations. The first time he did this, he had to breathe into a paper bag. He also engages with young people all the time, nurturing their connections with nature and exposing them to ideas and ways in which they can help too. At home he helps his dad with the many rescue animals he brings back.

Writing about autism and nature is an important part of Dara’s life. It has helped him cope with his difficulties and differences. He hopes to further grow and spread the message of environmental awareness, local biodiversity and conservation through his writing and campaigning in the future.

The publication of Diary of a young naturist in May 2020 further changed Dara’s life. In September the same year, he became the youngest ever author to win the Wainwright Prize for Nature writing.

24. Why did Dara’s family moved to Fermanagh?

 A. Because Dara complained about the noise in Belfast.

 B. Because there were better facilities for autistics in Fermanagh.

 C. Because Dara’s father got a chance to work in Fermanagh.

 D. Because Dara’s family wanted to change Dara’s life.

25. How does the 5th paragraph develop?

 A. By listing various facts.  B. By analysing causes and effects.

 C. By making comparisons.  D. By describing process.

26. What can we learn from Dara’s success?

 A. Time and tide wait for no man. B. One good turn deserves another.

 C. To know everything is to know nothing. D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

27. Which column of a magazine is this passage most probably taken from?

 A. Science.  B. Travel.  C. Health.  D. Life.

C

A 2020 study in the journal Science concluded that marine heat waves have increased more than 20-fold as a result of climate warming. The authors found that in the first decade after satellites began recording ocean temperatures (i.e., after 1981), there were 27 large marine heat waves, with an average duration of 32 days and an average peak temperature anomaly of 8.5°F; in the 2010s, there were 172, which lasted 48 days on average with an average peak temperature almost 10°F above normal.

Much remains unclear about marine heat waves. For example, explains Nicholas Bond, research scientist at the University of Washington and Washington’s state climatologist, there is the question of why so many persist for weeks or months. “There must be something else going on that helps maintain them,” he says. He notes that one explanation is that as the ocean surface warms, it radiates heat into the atmosphere that prevents cloud cover from forming, exposing the seawater to increased sunlight and further warming.

However, enough is known about marine heat waves for scientists to be gravely concerned about their potential impacts. Of special note is the fact that those impacts can last long after the heat waves have disappeared. After three years of the Blob, the waters of the northeastern Pacific began to cool in 2016; but years later, scientists are still determining the extent to which the region’s ecosystem is likely to return fully to its pre-Blob status. Similarly, notes Scannell, who is a data scientist with Jupiter Intelligence, Inc., following the 2010-11 Western Australia event, “lots of kelp(巨藻) forests died, and it takes literally decades for those ecosystems to bounce back”.

Eric Oliver, a scientist from Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada, expressed his own opinion about the potential impact of the heat waves in tropical waters. “I think that’s really a tough issue,” he says. Life in the tropics, he notes, is adapted to “quite a narrow range of temperatures. So that’s where things can get really messy. We can have complete shifts in tropical systems.”

28. What can we infer from the figures listed in para. 1?

 A. The problem of marine heat waves is becoming worse.

 B. The satellites enable scientists to record ocean temperature precisely.

 C. Climate change is the main cause of the marine heat waves.

 D. Marine heat waves have been found by scientists for about 30 years.

29. What does the 2nd paragraph mainly talk about?

 A. Various factors that lead to marine heat waves.

 B. The possible impacts of a warm ocean surface.

 C. The possible reason why marine heat waves last long.

 D. Scientists’ efforts in exploring the causes of heat waves.

30. What do we know about the impact of the marine heat waves?

 A. The impact will disappear shortly after the sea water cools.

 B. It takes long before the ecosystem makes a complete recovery.

 C. Scientists have known enough to restore the impact.

 D. The northeastern Pacific and Western Australia are the worst cases.

31. What is Eric Oliver’s attitude towards the heat waves in tropic waters?

 A. Concerned. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.

D

People’s ability to remember fades with age — but one day, researchers might be able to use a simple, drug-free method to buck this trend.

In a study published on 22 August in Nature Neuroscience, Robert Reinhart, a cognitive neuroscientist at Boston University in Massachusetts, and his colleagues demonstrate that zapping(刺激) the brains of adults aged over 65 with weak electrical currents repeatedly over several days led to memory improvements that persisted for up to a month.

Using a non-invasive method of stimulating the brain known as transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), which delivers electrical currents through electrodes on the surface of the scalp, Reinhart’s team conducted a series of experiments on 150 people aged between 65 and 88. Participants carried out a memory task in which they were asked to recall lists of 20 words that were read aloud by an experimenter. The participants underwent tACS for the entire duration of the task, which took 20 minutes.

After four continuous days of this protocol, participants who received high-frequency stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(背外侧前额叶皮质) had an improved ability to remember words from the beginning of the lists, a task that depends on long-term memory. Low-frequency zaps to the inferior parietal lobe(顶下小叶) enhanced participants’ recall of items later in the lists, which involves ‘working’ memory — the memory that allows the brain to store information temporarily. Participants’ memory performance improved over the four days — and the gains persisted even a month later. Those who had the lowest levels of general cognitive function before the study experienced the largest memory improvements.

“I was both impressed and surprised by this, by this paper,” says Simon Hanslmayr, a cognitive neuroscientist at the University of Glasgow, UK. He notes that along with other scientists, he has been sceptical about whether tACS can lead to meaningful changes in cognition. One issue has been that tACS devices generate electrical currents much weaker than those created by other methods of stimulating the brain, so it hasn’t always been clear whether they can transmit enough electricity to the brain to modify its function. However, the authors of this study convincingly showed that their protocol was linked to “consistent and quite strong improvements in memory”, Hanslmayr says.

32. What does the underlined word “buck” mean in paragraph 1?

 A. Operate.  B. Destroy.  C. Follow.  D. Resist.

33. What can we learn about the experiments?

 A. The experiments involved people aged over 65 and young students with good memory.

 B. Participants were required to recall lists of 20 words when they read the words aloud.

 C. Stimulating the inferior parietal lobe with low-frequency boosted the short-term memory.

 D. High-frequency stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improved ‘working’ memory.

34. Why has Simon Hanslmayr been sceptical about tACS?

 A. The electricity sent by tACS is not sufficient to guarantee meaningful changes in cognition.

 B. The people who have poor cognitive function experienced the least memory improvements.

 C. tACS devices generate electrical currents as weak as those created by other methods.

 D. tACS devices cannot ensure consistent and quite strong improvements in memory.

35. What is the text mainly about?

 A. tACS can lead to meaningful changes in cognition.

 B. tACS can help people with conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease.

 C. Brain stimulation leads to long-lasting improvements in memory.

 D. Brain stimulation benefits those with poor cognitive function most.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Success looks different for everyone. For one person, it could mean getting a promotion or creating a better work-life balance.          36        

But while making changes in your life can seem overwhelming, it doesn’t have to be. You can do small things that have a huge impact on your quality of life. Check out three things you can do that will empower you to be more successful — on your own terms.

Set weekly and monthly goals.

Setting regular goals for yourself can keep you from getting stagnant in both your professional and personal life. The best way to keep track of your goals is to write them down. Jot them on a whiteboard, a notepad on your desk, or an online calendar — anywhere you can see them regularly. (“Exercise three times this week”, for example, or “Finish a big presentation.”)          37        

Set aside time for yourself every day.

         38          It’s important to stop, take a breath, and have some time just for yourself. Set up calendar alerts or block out “busy” time in your daily calendar that makes you unavailable to others. During this time, you could go out for a real lunch away from your desk, take a walk, work on a side project, or even read a book. Whatever it is, be sure to use this time to recharge your batteries.

         39        

It’s easy to spend all your downtime binge-watching shows on Netflix or obsessing over social media. But when was the last time you tried something new that put you out of your element? In order to avoid getting bored, it’s important to break out of your comfort zone by finding fresh activities and passions.          40          Pick one thing that you’ve always wanted to do, or something that you liked when you were a kid and never pursued. Then start researching ways you can make it happen. By opening yourself up to different experiences, you’re bound to learn something new about yourself.

第三部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My 7-year-old daughter always has her nose in a book. She even continued reading in the car on the long drive to summer camp, where she lost the book. This is the first lost      41      book in my life. In my childhood, my family had always been expected to be      42     , but we were poor, and I didn’t own books. I had to borrow books. My library books lived on a      43      shelf while they were mine, and it      44      me when I had to return them to the library on the due day.

However, my daughter has more books now than I owned during my whole childhood. So it’s probably my      45      that she didn’t cherish the books. “Sorry. I can’t find it.” My daughter said with a shrug, “We just pay $ 20 for the book. What’s the big      46     ?” The missing library book just met with a cold      47      from her, but it met with nail-biting      48      from me. I walked into the library in a deep      49      as if I had lost the book.

Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book, I asked her to do the chores. She agreed to clean up all the pets’ houses      50      my paying the library book. I’d meant the chore to be      51     !

Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself. I took a picture of her lovely back. So, was I winning or losing at      52     ? Did I teach her the      53      of keeping a library book if the picture I took shows she is working      54     ?

To my      55     , my little girl knew what matters in her life. She could devote herself to the chores as much as books.

41. A. school  B. reference  C. story  D. library

42. A. powerful  B. practical  C. academic  D. employed

43. A. wasted  B. dusty  C. present  D. specific

44. A. pained  B. accompanied  C. abandoned  D. lost

45. A. work  B. reason  C. fault  D. duty

46. A. worry  B. question  C. case  D. deal

47. A. shoulder  B. power  C. refusal  D. excuse

48. A. impression  B. effort  C. effect  D. concern

49. A. respect  B. thought  C. shame  D. shock

50. A. in need of  B. in trade for  C. in terms of  D. in favor of

51. A. punishment  B. recovery  C. encouragement  D. promise

52. A. studying  B. parenting  C. arguing  D. fighting

53. A. benefit  B. method  C. commitment  D. demand

54. A. seriously  B. unwillingly  C. professionally  D. constantly

55. A. disappointment  B. relief  C. regret  D. sorrow

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Those who haven’t been to the Mu Us may not have an opportunity to do so. The desert is disappearing from

         56          map as it has been turned into an oasis(绿洲)！

The Mu Us          57          (stretch) over 42,200 square km between Shaan Xi and inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, lying north of the Great Wall. In Mongolian, “Mu Us” means barren land          58          nothing can grow.

However, the area was no desert in ancient times. It used to be grazing land          59          (sufficient) supplying grass and water for sheep and cattle. Since the Tang Dynasty, it began to degrade because of excessive farming and overgrazing and          60          (year) of war.

In modern times, the Mu Us, the fourth          61          (large) desert in China, began to move southward and passed the Great Wall,          62          (attack) Yulin (Shaan Xi province). Local pastures(牧场) faced serious desertification, salinization and degradation, and the villagers had to move as the desert advanced. By the time People’s Republic of China          63          (found), Yulin had only 0.9 percent of forest cover. It became an urgent task          64          (block) the sands.

Thanks to greening, the desert is poised to disappear. The feat(丰绩) wouldn’t have been achieved          65          national anti-desertification policies and the efforts of generations of eco-warriors.

第四部分  写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

66. 现今，全世界仍有大量的人遭受饥荒，而食物浪费的现象却很严重。作为新时代的青少年，你将在班会上以 “Say no to food waste” 为题发表演讲。请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿：

1. 食物浪费的现状；

2. 食物浪费的影响；

3. 解决食物浪费的措施。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Mom was born in a small village, which is famous for paper-folding art, and Mom learnt how to make paper animals. In 1967, Mom went to Hong Kong, where she met Dad. They went to the suburbs of California later. Not knowing English, she was lonely until I was born.

When I was young, Mom liked to make paper animals for me. She folded up the paper, then lifted the paper packet to her mouth and blew into it. There in her hands was a little paper tiger. It seemed that the little tiger shared her breath. This was her magic. At my request, Mom also made a goat, a deer and even a shark.

Mark, one of the neighborhood boys, came over with his Star Wars action figure. I brought out the paper tiger. Mark examined the wrapping-paper pattern of the tiger’s skin. “That doesn’t look like a tiger. Is it a toy?” “I had never thought of that. But looking at it, it was really just a piece of wrapping paper.”

Later, Dad bought me a full set of Wars action figures. I packed the paper animals in a shoebox and put them into the corner of the attic(阁楼). Once in a while, I would see Mom at the kitchen table making new paper animals. I caught them, pressed and then put them away in the box in the attic.

Mom was also trying to learn to speak English, but her accent and broken sentences embarrassed me. I tried to correct her, but in vain. Eventually, I stopped talking with her, as I knew little Chinese. For years, I paid no attention to Mom until one day my dad called and told me that Mom was in hospital. Dad and I stood, one on each side of Mom. She turned to me, “Jack, just keep that box with you, and you will find it so important.”

She died several days later. Dad aged rapidly after that. The house was too big for him and had to be sold. My girlfriend Susan and I went to help him pack and clean the place.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

2022-2023-1长郡中学高三上期中考试

（参考答案）

第一部分  听力 

1—5     CBACA    6—10   ACBCC

11—15   ACCCB   16—20  ABBBC

第二部分  阅读

第一节  短文理解

21—23   DDA  24—27  CADD

28—31   ACBA  32—35  DCAC

第二节  七选五

36—40   EDFAG

第三部分  语言运用

第一节  完形填空

41—45   DCDAC  46—50  DADCB

51—55   ABCAB  

第二节  语法填空

56.  the     57.   stretches 

58.  where  59.   sufficiently 

60.  years    61.   largest

62.  attacking  63.   was founded

64.  to block  65.   without

第四部分  写作

第一节  

Ladies and gentlemen,

 It is a great honor for me to speak with all of you on such a significant occasion. Since millions of people are
suffering from hunger and tons of food are being wasted, my topic is “Say no to food waste”.

 Food waste has devastating impacts. Not only does it waste all the energy used to produce and transport the food, but it also contributes to global warming once thrown out into the landfills. Thankfully, efforts can be made to deal with the issue. We can help prevent food waste by adopting food conservation strategies daily. When cooking at home, we should carefully plan meals and not cook more than needed. When eating out in the restaurant, we should order only according to our needs and take the leftovers home.

 From today, let’s fight food waste and build a better world for all. Thank you for your attention.

第二节 

 Susan found the shoebox in the attic. It was covered with dust. Susan cleaned and removed the cover. The paper
animals hidden in the darkness of the attic for so long had been dusty and the bright paper patterns had faded. Susan
held the paper animals carefully and admired. She was amazed at them, “I have never seen such creative works. Your
mom was an amazing artist.” In my memories the paper animals would jump and run. But now I found they couldn’t
move. I picked up the paper tiger.

 I unfolded the paper tiger and found several lines of Chinese characters written by my mother. But I could not read Chinese. I only recognized the word “son” in Chinese. I knew it was a letter to me written by my mother. I posted the photo of the letter on Facebook in hope that somebody could read it for me. In no time it received some comments, which said it was the life story of my mother. One translated it into English. Reading the letter, I couldn’t help sobbing. Through my misty eyes, I read, “wo ai ni, baobei.” Which means, “I love you, my son.” I cried out, “I love you, Mom. I miss you, Mom.”