译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册UNIT2突破语法大冲关课件+学案

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主语从句[观察例句]1．What he wants is a new bicycle.2．That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.3．Whether we will hold a party in the open air next week is uncertain.4．Whoever wants to enter into this school must take the exam.5．It was reported that no country was under the terrorist attack last year.[归纳用法]一、主语从句的构成：关联词＋简单句二、引导主语从句的关联词有三类：1．从属连词thatThat they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显，她们确实是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。2．从属连词whetherWhether he'll come here isn't clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。3．连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whicheverWhoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my home—my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。4．连接副词 where，when，how，whyHow this happened is not clear to anyone.这事是怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。三、主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：1．It＋be＋形容词(obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.)＋that从句。It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她的考试成绩会很好。It was probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。2．It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder，an honour，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.)＋that从句。It's a pity that we can't go.很遗憾我们不能去。It's no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们对于我们的队伍赢得了这场比赛并不感到惊讶。3．It＋be＋过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.)＋that从句。It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。It is reported that China has sent another man­made earth satellite into orbit.据报道中国又成功发射了一颗人造地球卫星。4．It＋seem，happen等不及物动词及短语＋that从句。It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。5．It＋doesn't matter (makes no difference，etc.)＋连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。It doesn't matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这儿无关紧要。It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。6．当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?他们明天不来很重要吗？7．当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！四、在主语从句中需注意：1．主语从句一般用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将主语从句放到句末。It is possible that he has stolen the car.很可能是他偷了汽车。Isn't it strange that he should not have passed the test?他测试没有通过，难道不奇怪吗？2．that引导主语从句放在句首时，that不可省，但在句末口语中可省。That he was ill yesterday is known now.大家都已知道他昨天生病了。3．连接代词引导主语从句只能放在句首。Who has broken the glass is unknown.谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。What he wants is all here.他所要的东西都在这里。4．主语从句中主句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，但what引导主语从句的主句谓语动词的形式需根据句子的意思来判断。How he worked it out is still a secret.他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密。What they make in this factory are TV sets.他们在这家工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①What some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.②That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culture differences from one aspect.③Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps.④It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.⑤It remains to be seen whether the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Whose fault it is is quite clear now.2．Whoever takes interest in the paper can ask for a copy.3．When she will come back school depends(depend) on her mother.4．It is uncertain whether his family was originally Britain or American.5．What they want at present are(be) basic skills for survival in the wild.6．It is desirable that we should read the instructions of the instruments in advance.7．It is hard to imagine what life was like for her at that time.8．It's important that children(should) have(have) their own hobbies and interests.9．It is requested that all the members (should) be(be) present at the meeting tomorrow.10．That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.Ⅱ.短文语法填空No one knows 1.exactly(exact) how the earth began，as it happened so long ago.However，according to a widely accepted theory，the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all 2.directions(direction)．After that，atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.For several billion years after the “Big Bang”，the earth was still just a cloud of dust.3.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.The earth became so violent that 4.it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.It exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce carbon，nitrogen，water vapor and other gases，5.which were to make the earth's atmosphere.6.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface.Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but unlike the earth，it had disappeared later.7.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.8.What many scientists believe is that the continued 9.presence(present) of water allowed the earth to dissolve 10.harmful(harm) gases and acids into the oceans and seas.This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.