高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题四情态动词和虚拟语气综合演练 (含解析)

专题四　情态动词和虚拟语气

综合演练

Ⅰ.语法填空

　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“Put yourself in someone else’s shoes.” is 　1　 idiom that means if you imagine yourself to be in another person’s position, good or bad, you may understand how they feel, and why they have done what they’ve done. 

This idiom comes from the fact　2　 a pair of perfectly fitting shoes for someone may not fit another person as perfectly. So, literally, only if you put 　3　 another person’s shoes can you feel how it is to walk in them. 

Metaphorically speaking, “their shoes” stand for other people’s positions. A local boy is detained(扣留) by the police for a theft, and one of his friends might 　4　 (private) say to himself: “I wouldn’t want to be in his shoes now.” That is, he doesn’t want　5　(put) into prison for stealing. 

By trying to “put on their shoes”, we try to imagine ourselves in 　6　 (they)situations, by seeing 　7　 (thing) from their points of view, by thinking about how we would want to be treated if we 　8　 (be) them. 

Harper Lee, of course,has expressed this idea best in To Kill a Mockingbird: “You never 　9　 (real) understand a person until you consider things from his point of view—until you climb inside of his skin 　10　 walk around in it.” 

Ⅱ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Yesterday I attended a lecture delivering by Professor Zhang. From lecture I learned that with the development of TVs and computers, people today sit a lot more than ever before on history. That has a bad effect on their healthy. Not only can this habit make your neck and back aches, but it may also make you fat, and increase with the risk of heart disease and even death.

To prevent these problem, Professor Zhang suggested those who sit too much formed some good habits in life, such as going to school or work on foot or by bike. He particular reminded us that our students should stand up to do some activities during the break time at school.

答案精解精析

Ⅰ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍的是“Put yourself in someone else’s shoes.”这一习语的含义。

1.an　考查冠词。idiom在句中表示泛指,且发音以元音音素开头,故空格处填不定冠词an。

2.that　考查名词性从句。fact 之后是其具体内容,即同位语从句,从句不缺少成分,故应用that作为引导词。

3.on　考查副词。此处为动词短语“put on”,意为“穿上”,故空格处填副词on。

4.privately　考查副词。空格处在句中作状语,用于修饰动词,故提示词的副词形式符合题意。

5.putting/to be put　考查非谓语动词。当want作为谓语动词,主语是动作的承受者时,之后需要接“doing/to be done”,故空格处填putting/to be put。

6.their　考查物主代词。空格处作名词的定语,故their符合题意。

7.things　考查名词。thing为可数名词,空前没有冠词或代词,故填提示词的复数形式。

8.were　考查虚拟语气。if条件从句是与现在事实相反的假设,空格处作为从句的谓语动词,应用动词的过去式,而be动词应用were。

9.really　考查副词。空格处在句中作状语,故提示词的副词形式与题意相符。

10.and　考查并列连词。空格前后是并列关系,故并列连词and符合题意。

Ⅱ.1.第一段第一句:delivering→delivered　名词lecture之后为非谓语动词作后置定语,且表被动和完成,故用过去分词形式。

2.第一段第二句:lecture前加the　名词lecture在句中表示特指,故之前应用定冠词。

3.第一段第二句:on→in　“in history”为常用短语,意为“在历史上”。故on改为in。

4.第一段第三句:healthy→health　根据物主代词their可知,healthy应用名词形式。

5.第一段第四句:aches→ache　此处ache作make的宾补。

6.第一段第四句:删除with　此处increase为及物动词,之后可直接跟名词作宾语,故删除介词with。

7.第二段第一句:problem→problems　these应该接可数名词的复数形式。

8.第二段第一句:formed→form　suggest意为“建议”时,所接宾语从句用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”。

9.第二段第二句:particular→particularly　reminded之前应用副词作状语。

10.第二段第二句:our→we　that之后的our应改为we,students是we的同位语。