07 现在分词 备战2023高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）（解析版）

专题07  现在分词

    备战2023高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）（解析版）

【易错题01】 现在分词作定语

1. ( 2022新高考II卷 )  When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the   56   (fall) child.

【答案】 falling

【错误分析】 句意逻辑关系判断失误，不能掌握所需动词的词性和句子成分。

【解题思路】 考查非谓语动词。句中 hold out 为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。空格需填现在分词 falling 作定语。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他来的孩了。

2.（2021浙江卷1月）This may be due to some disadvantages for people ____ ____ (live) in the countryside, including (lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.

【答案】living

【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。

【易错题02】 现在分词作状语

1. ( 2022新高考I卷 ) ___56___ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellow National Part, the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country.

【答案】 Covering

【错误分析】本题难度主要在于句子逻辑意思，判断非谓语充当的句子。

【解题思路】谓语为will be, 故cover为非谓语。根据句意和结构可知，此处应为现在分词作状语。Cover与主语GPNP为主动关系，故填Covering。

2. ( 2022全国乙卷 ) To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,    69  （invite）twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.

【答案】  inviting

【错误分析】 不能判断谓语动词，句子主干不理解，逻辑混乱。

【解题思路】 谓语动词为included, inviting作伴随状语，to strengthen表目的。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，该活动包括了社交媒体上的一些公共宣传活动，邀请来自世界各地的29名茶专业人士进行36小时的不间断直播。

【易错题03】 现在分词作补语

If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends ________ (camp), I would have laughed heartily.

【答案】camping　

【错误分析】 不能判断非谓语动词作补以及固定短语搭配。

【解题思路】考查现在分词做宾补。spend ...doing“花费……做”，此处为现在分词作宾补。故填camping。

【名师点津】1．感官动词(词组)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式，以see为例：

（1）see＋宾语＋do/doing/done/being done

（2）have　＋宾语　＋宾补

        （3）get＋宾语＋宾补

1. ( 2022全国甲卷 ) He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20,   50   (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.

【答案】  planning

【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。

2. （2021新课标II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________ (think)it is food.

【答案】thinking

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，________ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。

3. China aims to have 50,000 schools specializing in youth football by the end of 2025, said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, ________ (add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support.

【答案】adding

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部的官员王登峰说，到2050年，中国打算开办50000所青年足球特色学校，并补充说，为了实现这一目标，教育部将采取多种措施，其中包括建造校内足球场、足球训练教练以及提供额外的资金和政策扶持。句中said是谓语动词，且无连词所以此处需填非谓语动词。因为主语Wang Dengfeng与add是主动关系，故填现在分词表主动作状语。故填adding。

4. Desertification is a serious problem ________(face) numerous countries in the world.

【答案】facing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：荒漠化是世界上许多国家面临的严重问题。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“face”意为“面对”，动词词性，“problem”和“face”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“face”的现在分词“facing”，作后置定语。故填facing。

5. This system includes six cameras to detect holes, rocks, or other materials, ________ (inform) the farmer when an issue needs to be addressed.

【答案】informing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统包括六个摄像头，用于探测洞、岩石或其他材料，当需要解决问题时通知农民。空格处所填单词与主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填informing。

6. Rules of weiqi are extraordinarily simple. There are 180 identical(完全一样的)white pieces and 181 identical black pieces ________(fight) against each other on a board 19×19 lines.

【答案】fighting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：180枚完全一样的白色棋子与181枚完全一样的黑色棋子，在一块19×19路的棋盘上博弈。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语动词作状语，动词fight与其逻辑主语“棋子”之间是主谓关系，因而用现在分词形式表示主动。故填fighting。

7. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ________(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．

【答案】resulting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。

8.They represent the earth ___________  (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

【答案】coming

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。

1. The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement, originally ________(serve) as offerings at temples and decorations in the palace, has survived over the centuries.

【答案】serving

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国传统的插花艺术，最初是作为寺庙的供品和宫殿的装饰，已经存在了几个世纪。分析句子结构可知serve在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填serving。

2. “Wiki” is an Internet term________ (mean) “a website that can be edited by the public”.

【答案】meaning

【解析】考查现在分词。句意：Wiki是一个网络术语，意思是“公众可以编辑的网站”。动词mean和逻辑主语term之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填meaning。

3. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds____________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.

【答案】surrounding

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds  69   (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。

4. Later，they learned to work with the seasons，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， _______ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.

【答案】making

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。

5. When we got a call _________（say）she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke.

【答案】saying

【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。

6. On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

【答案】listening

【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。

7. Nervously ________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.

【答案】facing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。分析句式可知，此处是作句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。

8. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _________(die) early by running.

【答案】dying

【解析】考查动名词。介词of后跟动名词作宾语。

9. China’s approach to protecting its environment while ________(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.

【答案】feeding

【解析】考查现在分词。句子主语和feed之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。

10. The White Cane was introduced by an American man called George A．Bonham. One day, he watched a man who was blind ________(attempt) to cross a street.

【答案】attempting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一天，他看到一位盲人正在试图过马路。分析句子结构可知，固定搭配watch sb. doing sth.，表示“看到某人正在做某事”的意思。故填attempting。

11. She has never seen such a collective dedication from a nation, ________ (turn) things for the better by sacrificing personal convenience.

【答案】turning

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她从未见过一个国家有这样的集体奉献精神，通过牺牲个人的便利来让事情变得更好。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语She与turn之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词担当结果状语。故填turning。

12. It was worth the cost, Alcaraz felt, because she could tell the staff cared about her daughter,  ________ (greet) the 16-month-old by name each morning.

【答案】greeting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：阿尔卡拉茨觉得这是值得的，因为她可以看得出来工作人员很关心她的女儿，每天早上工作人员都能叫出她16个月大的女儿的名字。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语the staff与greet之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填greeting。

13. The cost of a typical Saudi wedding is enough to prevent the most passionate lover. Even a simple party involves renting an impressive ballroom. Then there are the cheerleaders and musicians. Men and women gather in separate halls, ________ (double) some of the prices.

【答案】doubling

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：男人和女人分别聚集在不同的大厅里，使得费用加倍。分析句子可知，此处应是非谓语动词作状语，前面的事情造成价钱加倍，是主动关系，用现在分词，故填doubling。

14. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the stringy let the paper kite float away,  ________ (symbolize) the flying away of diseases.

【答案】symbolizing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当风筝在空中时，人们会剪断绳子让纸风筝飘走，象征着疾病的飞走。分析句子结构可知symbolize在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处与people would cut off the stringy let the paper kite float away构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。

15.  ________(grow) up in the region and influenced by diverse ethnic cultures, she is committed to telling Xinjiang stories through her paper cutting while protecting and promoting the traditional folk art.

【答案】Growing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她在新疆长大，受到多民族文化的影响，在保护和推广传统民间艺术的同时，致力于用剪纸讲述新疆的故事。分析句子结构可知grow在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语she构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Growing。

16. Meanwhile,record-high coal prices are making it unprofitable for many power plants to operate, ________ (create) supply gaps in some provinces.

【答案】creating

【解析】考查现在分词。句意：与此同时，创纪录的煤炭价格使得许多发电厂无法盈利，导致一些省份出现供应缺口。分析可知，句中谓语是are making，空格处用非谓语动词形式，record-high coal prices和create之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填creating。

17. “The story of this turtle family  ________ (attempt) to get home in the damaged and changing ocean is a reality for many ocean creatures that are having their habitats destroyed due to human activity,” says actress Olivia Colman, who voices a character in the film.

【答案】attempting

【解析】考查现在分词。句意：女演员Olivia Colman在影片中为一个角色配音，她说：“对于许多因人类活动而栖息地遭到破坏的海洋生物来说，海龟家族试图在受损和不断变化的海洋中回家的故事是一个现实。” 本句已有系动词is且无连词，动词attempt用非谓语形式，逻辑主语this turtle family与动词attempt是主谓关系，attempt用现在分词（doing）表主动，作后置定语，修饰名词this turtle family。故填attempting。

18. It is a historic amphitheater, the largest ever built. ________ (date) back to 70 C．E., it is one of the best-preserved ruins from the Roman Empire.

【答案】Dating

【解析】考查现在分词。句意：它可以追溯到公元70年，是罗马帝国保存最完好的遗迹之一。分析句子可知，空处填非谓语动词，it与date在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Dating。

19. Stories say the Colosseum was built to a practical design, with its 80 arched entrances ________ (allow)easy access to 55,000 audiences, who were seated according to rank.

【答案】allowing

【解析】考查现在分词。句意：传说罗马圆形大剧场是按照实用设计建造的，有80个拱形入口，可以方便地进入55000名观众，他们按等级就坐。本句为with的复合结构， 80 arched entrances与allow在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填allowing。

20. The TV series  ________(celebrate) this year’s 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC has won high praise online.

【答案】celebrating

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部庆祝中国共产党成立100周年的电视剧在网上获得了很高的评价。设空处在句中作定语，需用非谓语动词形式，和句子的逻辑主语TV series 之间是逻辑的主动关系。故填celebrating。

21. Suddenly it seems to them that Nina has become an extremely unhappy teenager who lacks direction rather than an adult living her own life. ________ (see) their aimless daughter every day, they are very disappointed.

【答案】Seeing

【解析】考查非谓语。句意：在他们看来，尼娜突然变成了一个极度不快乐的少年，她缺乏方向，而不是一个过自己生活的成年人。每天看到漫无目的的女儿，他们感到很失望。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子的主句为they are very disappointed，设空处所在句子作状语，应填写非谓语作状语。因逻辑主语they和see之间是主谓关系，且非谓语动作与主句谓语are同时发生，所以应该用非谓语现在分词作时间状语。故填Seeing。

22. The eye-catching colors and styles created a visual feast that many have never seen before, quickly ________(turn) the collections into best sellers.

【答案】turning

【解析】考查非谓语。句意：引人注目的色彩和风格创造了许多人从未见过的视觉盛宴，结果迅速将这些系列书籍变成了畅销书。分析句子结构可知，谓语为created，逗号后无连词，所以空处为非谓语作结果状语。主语The eye-catching colors and styles和turn之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填turning。

23. You are in the car on the way to work. You’re a little nervous, ________ (fear ) that you might be late.

【答案】fearing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你坐在车里，在去上班的路上。你有点紧张，害怕迟到。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，You与动词fear之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以需用现在分词fearing表主动。故填fearing。

24. In this city, there is the Pu’er Monument to the National Unity Oath, known as “the No. 1 Monument of New China for National Unity”, Menglian Xuanfusi Department ________ (reflect) the history and culture of the Dai nationality, and a batch of national dances and songs enjoying great popularity including “Troth Plighting” and “Awa People Sing New Songs”.

【答案】reflecting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这座城市里，有被誉为“新中国民族团结第一纪念碑”的普洱民族团结誓词纪念碑，有反映傣族历史文化的孟连宣福寺，还有一批广受欢迎的民族歌舞，包括《长跑》和《阿华人唱新歌》。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，reflect与被修饰词Menglian Xuanfusi Department之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填reflecting。

25. ________ (aim) to recall tradition, the design team applied the patterns, colors, and techniques of Yi’s culture to their contemporary fashion design, including T-shirts, jackets, shirts and other essentials.

【答案】Aiming

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了唤起传统，设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的当代服装设计中，包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。the design team与aim之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，表主动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Aiming。

26.  Chen Wenqiaochu set an example when he was 14. He performed CPR (心肺复苏术) on a cleaner at his school,________(save) the man’s life in 2013.

【答案】saving

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：陈文巧初14岁时就树立了榜样。2013年，他在学校给一名清洁工做了心肺复苏术，挽救了他的生命。分析句子结构可知save在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语He构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填saving。

27．On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________( listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

【答案】listening

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们为期一周的逗留的最后一天，我们被邀请去北岸一个美丽的农场听一场私人音乐会，在星空下聆听音乐家的演奏，与有趣的当地人见面。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，we与listen为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式表主动。故填listening。

28..But if you conveniently throw it out, wind and run-off carry the waste down the sewer (污水管) and directly to the ocean, ________ (affect) the marine life including the fish.

【答案】affecting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类。分析句子结构可知，此处affect在句中为非谓语动词，作结果状语，affect与上文句子是主动关系，因此需要使用现在分词。故填affecting。

29. They face a lot of challenges when________（try）to get food.

【答案】trying

【解析】考查现在分词。他们在获取食物时面临着很多挑战。此处是状语从句的省略，因主语they和前面的主语一致，故省略。这里try和they是主动关系，故用现在分词。故填trying。

30. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, ______ (deal) with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags.

【答案】dealing

【解析】考查现在分词。在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教书的地方，处理从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”。此处deal和I之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填dealing。

31. Families move to other locations, ______ (bring) their food preferences with them.

【答案】bringing

【解析】考查现在分词。家庭搬家时，也会把自己的食物偏好带过去。bring与其逻辑主语families构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填bringing。

32. Many children of Chinese immigrants in Canada study English at school and speak Chinese at home, ________(lead) to fluency in both languages.

【答案】leading

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多在加拿大的中国移民的孩子在学校学习英语，在家里说中文，因此两种语言都很流利。lead to为固定短语，意为“造成，导致，致使”；分析句子可知，该句已有动词，设空出应为非谓语动词，另因逻辑主语Many children of Chinese immigrants in Canada study English at school and speak Chinese at home与lead to互为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，在句中作状语。故选C项。

33. ________(weigh) only 96 grams, the great all-round electronic dictionary is portable and easy to use.

【答案】Weighing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本大而全面的电子词典仅重96克，便于携带和使用。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式，动词weigh和逻辑主语the great all-round electronic dictionary之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故选A项。

34. I admit I was too scared at that moment and the uncle ______（stand）beside me was giving me an awkward look.

【答案】 standing

【解析】考查现在分词。我承认我当时太害怕了，并且我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的表情。此处现在分词短语作定语修饰the uncle。故填standing。

35. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem ________ (call) caffeinism.

【答案】 called

【解析】考查过去分词做定语。problem与call之间是被动关系，故用过去分词called作problem的后置定语。故填called。

36. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a ________ (shine) object.

【答案】 shining

【解析】考查现在分词做定语。空处作object的前置定语，故填shining。

37. He is a student at Oxford University________(study) for a degree in computer science.

【答案】studying

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是牛津大学的一名攻读计算机科学学位的学生。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语is，所以此空应用非谓语动词，结合句意，可知此空是空前名词a student的定语，a student与study之间是主动关系，且表示“正在攻读计算机科学学位”，所以用现在分词，故选B。

38. The park is always full of people, _______(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.

【答案】enjoying

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：公园里总是挤满了人，享受着阳光。分析句子成分可知，“______ themselves in the sunshine”为非限制性修饰成分，选项中所给动词“enjoy(享受)”与其所修饰的词“people”之间为主动关系，且表示正在进行的动作，所以应用现在分词的一般式形式，故选C。

39. The case _______(belong) to Professor Smith has multiple functions. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】belonging

【解析】考查现在分词。句意：史密斯教授的箱子有多重功能。动词belong意为“属于”，和主语case构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填belonging。

40. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines ________（approach）, Grant rushed to a side entrance and ran up the stairs.

【答案】approaching

【解析】考查现在分词。没有看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。此处是现在分词作宾补。故填approaching。