11 名词性从句 备战2023高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）（解析版）

专题11   名词性从句

    备战2023高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）（解析版）

【易错题01】  主语从句

1.（ 新课标I卷 ）_______is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.

【答案】what

【错误分析】 未能找到主句谓语动词，造成句首It形式主语的错觉。

【解题思路】 考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What.

2. Your support is important to our work .  ________ you can do helps.

【答案】Whatever

【错误分析】 未能对句子谓语动词helps作出判断，误以为helps此处为名词。

【解题思路】考査名词性从句。句意:你的支持对我们很需要, 无论你做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do需要宾语,且引导主语从句,故用whatever。

【易错题02】  宾语从句

1. （2022年浙江1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.

【答案】if/whether

【错误分析】由于主句被分割主语和谓语，容易造成翻译出错。影响对宾语从句意思的理解。

【解题思路】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。

2.（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived．

【答案】where

【解题思路】考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。

3. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.

【答案】what

【错误分析】误把介词宾语从句当做介词加which引导的定语从句。设空处前面没有先行名词，非定语从句。

【解题思路】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。

【易错题03】   表语从句

1. （2021年天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.

【答案】why

【错误分析】不能掌握系动词后表语从句，并且对全句的逻辑意思理解不清。

【解题思路】考查表语从句。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。分析句子，该空需要一个表语从句的连接词，结合句意，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故填why。

【易错题04】   同位语从句

1. （2019新课标I卷）While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.

【答案】that

【错误分析】不能熟练掌握同位语从句经常修饰的名词，误把从句看作定语从句。

【解题思路】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。

1. Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible.

【答案】if/whether

【解析】考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。

2.（2021 天津卷 ）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.

【答案】 what

【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句中的be缺少表语，所填词应该起双重作用。故填what。

3. It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.

【答案】whether

【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。

4. The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.

【答案】what

【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故填what。

5. _________ is important is that we let others know we care about them.

【答案】what

【解析】考查主语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知,第二个系动词is前的句子缺少主语,表示“重要的事情" 要用what。

6. It suddenly occurred to him__________ he had left his keys in the office.

【答案】that

【解析】句意:他突然想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。It occurs to sb.that…意为“某人(突然)想起 ”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的从句。

7. Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.

【答案】that

【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。

8. Over the next several months, my professor taught me __________one story was so much better than the other.

【答案】why

【解析】考査宾语从句的引导词。教授教给“我”的是为什么一个故事比另一个更好。根据句意可知此处要用why引导宾语从句。

1. Our English teacher told us to find out __________the differences between American English and British English lie.

【答案】where

【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:我们英语老师让我们找出美式英语和英式英语的不同之处。用where引导宾语从句。

2. A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not __________ships are built for.

【答案】what

【解析】句意:在港口的船是安全的,但是那并不是船被建造的目的。本题考查表语从句。分析句子成分和句意可知,应填连接代词what引导表语从句并作介词for的宾语。

3. We have learned from the story that __________is the most valuable is not what we have in our lives but __________are in our lives.

【答案】what; who

【解析】句意:从这个故事中我们认识到最有价值的不是我们在生活中有什么东西而是我们的生活中有哪些人 is the most valuable”为主语从句,根据句意可知,该主语从句中缺少主语且表示事物”,故第一空答案为what;“ are in our lives”为表语从句.

4. One day, he came up with an idea __________he would pluck up all of his crops a few inches.

【答案】that

【解析】考查同位语从句的引导词。因后面是一个完整的句子,且该句是说明空格前面an idea的具体内容,所以是同位语从句。从句结构完整,故要用thal引导。

5. The question was brought to life again __________a person has the right to end his or her own life and a doctor has the right to assist.

【答案】whether

【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:一个人是否有权利结朿自己的生命以及医生是否有权利协助自杀,这个问题又一次被提了出来。从句是对question内容的解释说明,且从句完整, 需要“是否”的含义,故whether是正确答案。

6. The fact has worried many scientists__________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

【答案】that

【解析】考查间隔式同位语从句的用法。本题中先行词是the fact,空后的句子是fact的内容,故用that引导同位语从句。本题中the fact和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分,这种同位语从句叫间隔式同位语从句。

7. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.

【答案】where

【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。

8. The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.

【答案】whoever

【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故填whoever。

9. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.

【答案】how

【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。

10. I'm not sure __________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.

【答案】who

【解析】考查宾语从句。从句中缺少主语，逗号后面是me or the gorilla，并且后文用her来指代猩猩，将其拟人化了，因此用"who"。

11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.

【答案】where

【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。

12. I often imagine _________ my life will he like in ten years.

【答案】what

【解析】句意:我常常想象十年后我的生活会是什么样子。like在此处是介词. 应该用what作宾语,且what引导的从句作imagine的宾语。

13. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.

【答案】what

【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。

14. As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

【答案】how

【解析】考查名词性从句。 句意：美国西南部印第安人们清楚土胚墙需要多么厚才能最好地保证房内冷热的循环。 “________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days”是figure out的宾语从句。 由句意可知，该从句要用how引导。 how修饰形容词thick，意为"多么"。

15. What is just beyond my imagination is ________  fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream.

【答案】that

【解析】句意:超出我想象的是,我竟然有幸拥有了一个实现梦想的机会. 此处that引导表语从句,不能省略.

16. Finally I want to express my hope  ________ all the young fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no man.

【答案】that

【解析】句意:最后,我想表达我的愿望,希望所有的年轻人都能充分利用时间,因为岁月不饶人此处that引导同位语从句,解释名词hope的内容。that引导同位语从句时,没有词义,不作句子成分,只起连接句子的作用,且不能省略。

17. From his lesson, we came to a conclusion _________ it is not so difficult to learn English if we find a good way.

【答案】that

【解析】句意:我们从他的课上得出一个结论,如果能找到一个好方法.学习英语并没有那么闲难应用that引导同位语从句,解释名词conclusion的内容,注意that只起到连接句子的作用,既无词义也不作从句句子成分。

18.              the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.

【答案】Why

【解析】句意:那班延误的航班何时起飞大部分取决于天气。空处用表示时间的连接词来引导主语从句。

19. Every year, ___________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

【答案】whoever

【解析】考查主语从句。句意:每年,任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。空格所在部分是主语从句,缺少主语,用连接代词,根据意思可知是人获奖,因为需要做主语,只能用主格代词。

20.I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ________ silly mistakes I had made.

【答案】what

【解析】主要考查宾语从句。题干中需要引导宾语从句的引导词,还需要修饰限定名词短语silly mistakes的限定词,综合得知what最佳。意思:我对让我意识到我犯了多么愚蠢错误的话语非常吃惊。

21. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.

【答案】how

【解析】句意:乘船是到达这里唯一的途径,这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知,后面为表语从句,这里用连接副词how引导表语从句,充当方式状语,表示“如何”。

22. A warm thought suddenly came to me ______ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.

【答案】that

【解析】主要考查同位语从句。句子意思:我突然有了一个很好的想法:我可以用我的零花钱买些花作为母亲的生日礼物。与以上翻译可知名词thought的内容就应该是句子I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday的内涵,另外结合语境可知句子中不缺少任何成分,只是少了应道同位语从句的引导词。

23.__________her fever was gone relieved and satisfied me a lot. In the next four days, I was taking her body temperature twice a day, ensuring that she was completely well.

【答案】That

【解析】 此处是一个主语从句,“她的发烧退去这件事,使我非常满意”,故用That引导主语从句,That只起引导作用。

24.On hearing __________I had done to my mum, he, as well as my mum, beamed at me and gave me a big thumb.

【答案】what

【解析】 hearing后面是一个宾语从句,宾语从句缺少引导词,同时从句的谓语动词had done缺宾语,故填what。

25.It remains to be seen _________ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.

【答案】whether

【解析】 句意：这个新形成的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。It充当形式主语，whether引导真正的主语从句。

26. Children should be reminded of ________ they should do in public places.

【答案】 what

【解析】句意：应该提醒孩子们在公共场所应该做些什么。所填词引导宾语从句且在从句中作do的宾语，意为“……的事情”，故用what。

27．Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact ________ he doesn't have what it takes to be a professional.

【答案】 that

【解析】句意：迪克喜欢画画，但他知道自己没有成为一名专业画家所需要的(素质)。that引导同位语从句，说明fact的具体内容。

28．Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.

【答案】 whether　

【解析】设空处引导宾语从句；根据句意可判断，设空处意为“是否”，其前有介词on，故填 whether。

29. I lost my cell phone yesterday. Can you tell me ________ I can buy one?

【答案】where　

【解析】where引导宾语从句，且在从句中作地点状语。

30．It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.

【答案】 that

【解析】 it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that。

31．________ breaks the law will be punished.

【答案】 Whoever

【解析】　句意：无论谁违法都将受到惩罚。主语从句中缺少主语，指人，并且表泛指，故用whoever。

32．She will give ________ needs help a warm support.

【答案】 whoever　

【解析】句意：凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。由句意可知，应填whoever，在宾语从句中充当主语。

33．I have no idea ________ the girl is doing in her room now.

【答案】what　

【解析】句意：我不知道那个女孩现在在房间里干什么。由句意可知，应填what，在同位语从句中作宾语，且意为“……的事情”。

34．________ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions.

【答案】What　

【解析】主语从句中缺少主语，且指事物，因此用what。

35．Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.

【答案】when　

【解析】句意：土豆被引入欧洲的确切时间不能确定，但很可能是1565年左右。设空处为主语从句的引导词，从around 1565判断，这里指时间，故填when。

36. It shocked the world ________ the United States withdrew from some major agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change  and the   2015 Iran Nuclear Deal.

【答案】that　

【解析】句意：令世界震惊的是，美国退出了它所承诺的一些主要协议，包括2015年《巴黎气候变化协定》和2015年《伊朗核协议》。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。

37. I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I'm not sure ________ I should begin.

【答案】where　

【解析】句意：我现在需要帮助！我不得不修理洗手间里一个正在漏水的管子，但是我不确定我应该从何处着手。此处引导宾语从句，表示“在哪里”，故填where。

38．Forty grams of meat per day is ________ people should consume in order to stay fit.

【答案】what　

【解析】句意：为了保持健康，人们每天应该消耗40克肉。“________ people should consume”是表语从句，该从句中，consume缺少宾语，且表示“所……的东西”，故要用what引导该从句。

39．The famous player tried again and again after each failure. That's ________ he succeeded at last.

【答案】why　

【解析】句意：每次失败后，这位著名的球员一次又一次地尝试。那就是为什么他最终成功了(的原因)。设空处后引导一个表语从句，用why引导从句，表示结果，故填why。

40．The retired engineer is showing ________ the wheelchair climbs stairs, which all the curious visitors want to know.  

【答案】how　

【解析】句意：这位退休的工程师正在展示轮椅如何爬楼梯，这是所有有好奇心的游客想知道的。由句意可知填how，意为“怎么，如何”。这是how引导的宾语从句。