高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope教案配套ppt课件

安全指南类说明文的写作

本单元的写作项目是写安全指南类的书面表达，属于说明文的范畴。这类表达要求根据可能遇到的危险的内容有针对性地写出遇险时的安全指导。注意写作的主题时态通常以一般现在时为主；语言要精炼，思路要清晰，适当运用祈使句。

[基本框架]

1．开头(beginning)——写作的背景及目的，分析遇到的危险

2．主体1(body 1)——介绍危险来临前的各种准备

3．主体2(body 2)——危险中的各种应对措施

4．主体3(body 3)——写出危险中不应该做的

[常用词块]

1．Organize personnel protection组织人员防护

2．Move to a safe place转移到安全地带

3．Avoid walking on banks and bridges

避免在岸边和桥上行走

4．Pay attention when walking in water.

在积水中行走要注意观察。

5．Get off the high hill从高山上下来

6．don't climb the trees when there is lightning

闪电时不要爬树

7．Cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes or towel

用湿的衣物或毛巾捂住口鼻

8．Hold your head quickly

迅速抱住头部

9．Send the poisoned or burned person to hospital

将中毒或烧伤人员送医院救治

[常用语句]

★精彩开头

1．If you are trapped in the flood what will you do to help yourself?

如果你被困在洪水中，你该怎么做来自救？

2．If you find somewhere around you is on fire，how will you escape safely?

如果你发现周围的某个地方着火了，你怎么安全逃生？

3．When there is an earthquake，you must obey the following rules to keep yourself safe.

如果发生地震，你必须遵循以下规则来保证自己的安全。

★正文佳句

1．Attention should be paid to prevent smoke poisoning，prevent suffocation.

要注意防止烟雾中毒，预防窒息。

2．When opening a room door，touch the door with the back of your hand first，see whether it is hot.

开房间门时，先用手背接触房门，看是否发热。

3．When you can't escape，don't hide in the attic or closet.

当无路可逃时，不要藏在顶楼或者壁橱等地方。

4．Learn more self­rescue common sense in advance.

提前学会更多的自救常识。

★余味结尾

1．Helping those who are in need is making a great difference.

帮助需要帮助的人让这个世界大不同。

2．Keep in mind that you should keep calm and don't panic.

要记住保持冷静不要慌乱。

地震是常见的自然灾害。请你写一篇安全指南类说明文，告诉大家在地震发生的时候，如何有效地保护自己。

要点包括：1.交代背景及目的；2.具体的建议。

要求：词数80左右。

【学生习作】

【升格作文】

Earthquake Safety Guidelines

As we all know, earthquakes frequently occur on earth. It is important to keep in mind some useful tips when earthquakes break out so that you can protect yourselves from possible injuries.

Things to do during an earthquake：

Run down the stairs and get to safe ground as quickly as possible.

If you cannot leave the room immediately hide yourself under a table or something solid in the corner of the room.

Things not to do during an earthquake：

It's important not to take the lift.

Remember not to stay in your car.

夏天即将来临，暴雨增多，积水增加，洪水泛滥。新华学校为了增加学生的安全自救常识，准备了一份关于暴风雨时的安全知识宣传海报。请根据以下提示拟定海报内容。

1．收听广播或看电视，了解天气信息；

2．一旦遇到洪水，尽量待在高处，或者抓住能在水中漂浮的东西；

3．暴雨中不要在大树下避雨，尽量避免在积水深的地方行走；

4．……

要求：1.词数80左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。

【参考范文】

Flood Safety Guideline

Summer is drawing near.In order to keep you safe in case of flood，keep the following in mind：

Things to do before a flood：Keep yourself informed of the weather forecast and take your raincoat or umbrella in time.

Things to do during a flood：In case of a flood，stay at a higher place waiting for rescue, or catch something that can float on the water to rescue yourself.

Things not to do during a flood：Don't try to find shelter under high trees.Pay more attention to the deep water and avoid walking in water.