(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时精炼 必修第二册　Unit 1　Cultural Heritage (含详解)

必修第二册　Unit 1　Cultural Heritage

阅读·提速练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2021·江苏苏州市五区调研)

The Best Silk Road Tour

Silk Road，a business and trade route，originates from the ancient China and connects with the Asian，African and European countries.Our well-designed Silk Road tour package will never let you down.

Departure City：Shanghai

Guide&Driver：English-speaking guide，experienced driver with an air-conditioned vehicle

Meals：12 western buffet breakfasts,6 lunches with some being a la carte(点菜) style

Tour Highlights：

•Must-see sights in China—Terracotta Warriors，Famen Temple，Dunhuang Mogao Caves，Maiji Caves，Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall

•Trace back to the Silk Road of 2,000 years ago & learn about the culture and history

•Marvel at the art treasure—Mogao Caves & enjoy an exciting camel riding in the Gobi Desert

We Guarantee 100% No Shopping Stops!

Tour Prices：

•Prices are per person in US Dollars.

•Any parts of the tour length，activities or hotels can be tailored to your individual interests.

Are you ready to follow the footsteps of the ancients to explore this mysterious land now?

1．What will people do on the tour?

A．Appreciate the ancient heritage.

B．Ride on camels all the way.

C．Stay a few nights in caves.

D．Do a lot of shopping.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。根据Tour Highlights部分的第一条内容可知，在旅行过程中游客可以欣赏中国古代遗产。故选A项。

2．Which of the following is most likely to join the tour?

A．A Beijing businessman good at golf.

B．A Japanese model loving fashion.

C．A Yunnan biologist interested in birds.

D．An American student learning history.

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。根据Tour Highlights部分中的内容可知，该旅行套餐是以“丝绸之路”为主题，了解其文化与历史。由此可推知，一个学历史的美国学生很有可能参加该旅行。故选D项。

3．How much should a traveler pay for her family (with two sons) who want to live comfortably?

A．$3,479.   B．$3,749.

C．$7,498.   D．$11,247.

答案　D

解析　数字计算题。根据表格内容以及下面的“Prices are per person in US Dollars.”可知，如果一个游客和家里的两个儿子要想住得舒适，每人需支付3 749美元，三个人的费用为：$3 749×3＝$ 11 247。故选D项。

B

(2020·广东茂名测试)

When Tony took up running as a hobby he was 42 years old.Now 42 years later he’s a national champion and a world record holder.

He never imagined at the age of 84 this is where he’d be，but then he doesn’t meet many people in their 80s who are out training four times a week.

“I can see it’s a bit unusual，yes.But it’s been my life，” he told the reporter.

The retired officer runs at a track near his home in Leeds.

At an event in Italy last month he set a world record in the 80 metres hurdles(跨栏) with a time of under 17 seconds.But he sees no reason to slow down and his ambition is still to be competing when he passes a hundred.

“I probably won’t be doing a crouch start(蹲式起跑)，but it’s only 16 years away，” he joked.Like anyone his age，he’s had health problems.He’s had a string of severe heart attacks，but doctors have told him as long as it makes him feel good，he should carry on running.

“I can’t let my heart get in the way of my training.When I am sprinting I have to give it my absolute all.My heart is the last thing on my mind，” he said.

He trains every other day，dances and plays hockey and he recently cuts down on alcohol and chocolate.He said，“I’ve heard alcohol can lead to dementia and I don’t want that.I’ve cut down to one glass of wine every other day.I now have to stay as fit as I can be to keep up my lifestyle.”

Tony’s next birthday is next September.And the first thing he wants to do is become the world’s fastest 85-year-old.

4．What will Tony do after the competition in Italy?

A．He decides to slow down.

B．He decides to retire as an officer.

C．He plans on running until he’s 100.

D．He plans to compete in the 100 metres hurdles.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，上个月在意大利以不到17秒的成绩创造了80米跨栏的世界纪录后，托尼认为他没有理由放慢脚步，他想在100岁的时候还能参加比赛，也就是说他打算一直跑到100岁，故C项正确。

5．What do the doctors suggest to Tony?

A．Continuing to run if he feels good.

B．Stopping running to treat his heart disease.

C．Trying to run as fast as he can.

D．Cutting down on alcohol and chocolate.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。根据第六段最后两句可知，像任何一个他这个年纪的人一样，他也有健康问题。他曾有过多次严重的心脏病发作，但医生告诉他，只要他感觉良好，就应该继续跑下去，故A项正确。

6．Which of the following best describes Tony?

A．Imaginative.   B．Positive.

C．Caring.   D．Demanding.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，托尼在创造80米跨栏的世界纪录后仍想跑到100岁，再根据倒数第二段可知，他坚持训练、跳舞和打曲棍球，减少酒精和巧克力的摄入量以保持健康，这些都表明托尼是一个积极的人，故B项正确。

7．What’s the best title of the text?

A．The Fastest Man in the World

B．The World’s Fastest 85-year-old

C．A National Champion and a World Record Holder

D．Granddad Crowned Fastest 84-year-old in the World

答案　D

解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段及最后一段中的“And the first thing he wants to do is become the world’s fastest 85-year-old.”可知，如今84岁的托尼成为全国赛跑冠军和世界纪录保持者，从而成为世界上跑得最快的84岁老人，故D项最适合作文章标题。

C

(2021·八省联考)

The average bear, it seems, is getting ever smarter.First, it turned out that at least one can use a comb.Now it appears that some can count, too.

Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots(点)on a computer screen.In return for a food reward one bear, Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose.The others, Bella and Dusty, would touch the screen with their claws(爪子)．

As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.This could be explained by the bears’ distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots.However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.

Moving patterns, where each dot followed its own path around the screen, were more of a challenge.But Brutus, at least, was not defeated.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.

It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence.They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food.They are, however，always alone, and so do not have the complex social systems that contribute to animal smarts.Perhaps, then, their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.

8．What task did the scientists set for the three bears?

A．Distinguishing different dot patterns.

B．Figuring out different colours of dots.

C．Putting the dots into differently coloured groups.

D．Picking out the group with a larger number of dots.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“set three American black bears the...dots(点) on a computer screen”可知，科学家让三只熊辨别电脑屏幕上数量多或少的点组。故选D。

9．For the bears, the task was easier when ________.

A．the coloured dots were moving slowly

B．the dot patterns were regular in shape

C．the dots followed a path on the screen

D．more dots covered a larger coloured area

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“As the researchers report in...a larger coloured area.”可知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D项。

10．What may explain the bears’ high degree of intelligence?

A．They learn skills from other animals.

B．They face life challenges on their own.

C．They feed on a diverse range of food.

D．They have complex social networks.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，熊的高智商源于它们独自面对生活的挑战。故选B项。

11．What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Bears Taught to Distinguish Colours

B．New Evidence of Bear Intelligence Found

C．Three Bears Learned How to Count

D．The Smartest American Black Bear Brutus

答案　B

解析　标题归纳题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高智商动物提供了证据，所以文章标题应该是“发现了证明熊智力的新证据”。故选B项。

D

If you asked me to dance，I’d probably freeze on the spot and some people say I have two left feet! But with some persuasion and Dutch courage I can be tempted to take to the dance floor and shake some moves and that，apparently，is only natural.

Experts have found as well as being fun，dancing might have helped us to survive as a species.Evolutionary anthropologist(人类学家) Bronwyn Tarr from the University of Oxford believes that dancing alone is one thing but it’s dancing as a group that makes our brain reward us with a cocktail of feel-good hormones that change how we feel about ourselves and those around us.This is likely to lead to profound social effects.It’s keeping pace with others that makes us happy.Bronwyn Tarr says that “dancing fosters social closeness between people.It helps us build social connections and communities.In our past，those social connections would have been critical for surviving.”

Dance is also a good way to keep fit and improve our mental health.In Wales there have been calls for doctors to prescribe dance classes to people who are unwell.The Arts Council of Wales claims there are many health benefits.And Bronwyn Tarr says “more and more we’re actually discovering that your longevity(长寿)—your life expectancy—is predicted by the social connections that you have...still today it’s something we should do more of.”

It could be part of being a conservative Englishman that makes me a reluctant dancer.Look at other nationalities such as Cubans where dancing is at the heart of their cultural identity.And in Brazil at Carnival time，people let their hair down by dancing together day and night.They seem to be having a good time—so maybe I should get on my feet and dance!

12．What does the author imply in the first paragraph?

A．He doesn’t like dancing.

B．He does not dance well.

C．He lacks confidence in dancing.

D．He does everything out of nature.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you asked me to dance，I’d probably freeze on the spot and some people say I have two left feet！”可知，作者不擅长跳舞。故选B项。

13．What can be inferred from Tarr’s words in Paragraph 2?

A．Dancing alone doesn’t benefit at all.

B．Dancing with others helps people survive.

C．It is funny to keep pace with other people.

D．It matters most to dance on social occasions.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句和最后三句可知，Bronwyn Tarr认为和别人一起跳舞有助于人们生存。故选B项。

14．How does the author feel about dancing in the last paragraph?

A．Positive.   B．Negative.

C．Unclear.   D．Objective.

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。根据本文内容，尤其是最后一段最后一句“They seem to be having a good time—so maybe I should get on my feet and dance！”可知，作者对跳舞的看法是积极的。故选A项。

15．What is the best title for the text?

A．What Makes You a Real Dancer?

B．What Can Dances Bring Us?

C．Why Do People Love to Dance?

D．How Can We Dance Well?

答案　C

解析　标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，文章剖析了“人为什么要跳舞”及跳舞对种群生存的积极意义，因此选项C“为什么人们喜欢跳舞？”最适合作本文标题。故选C项。

Ⅱ.七选五

(2021·河南濮阳质检)

It takes so long to organize your room and each closet，but it only takes a few days for you to return to your old bad habits.Learning how to organize something is one thing，but staying organized is a completely different matter.Here is some advice for you to follow through.

Set deadlines for yourself.  1   Therefore，you have to set deadlines.For example，if you have a lot of tasks to finish，you need to set deadlines for each task.This way can urge you to finish all the tasks in an organized way.

  2   One of the reasons why you may be struggling to stay organized is that you spend too much time on one task and then leave no time for other things you have to do on a day.Instead of making sure that you do Task A perfectly，make sure that you do a great job of it.  3 

Reward yourself for tasks you’ve accomplished.If you want to continue to follow through on staying organized，don’t just do one task and move on.  4   If you never stop to let yourself know what a great job you’re doing，or take a break from time to time，then you’re likely to feel stressed out and refuse to stay organized.

  5   Wanting to stay organized doesn’t mean that you have to do everything alone.If you want to clean your household，you should make sure that anyone else sharing the space with you also does their share of tasks; if you want to keep things running smoothly at work，take responsibilities together with your colleagues.

A．Avoid perfection.

B．Turn to others for advice.

C．Cooperate as much as you can.

D．Then give yourself enough time to move on.

E．You should reward yourself for saving much time.

F．Instead，give yourself a treat that delights you most.

G．To stay organized，you need to get things done on time.

1．答案　G

解析　根据空后“Therefore，you have to set deadlines.”可知，做事情要为自己设定时限。选项G符合语境。故选G。

2．答案　A

解析　根据本段的内容，尤其是空后一句可知，不要因在一件事情上追求完美而耽误了其他必做的事情。选项A符合语境。故选A。

3．答案　D

解析　根据空前“Instead of making sure that you do Task A perfectly，make sure that you do a great job of it.”可知，这样能节省出时间做其他必做的事情。选项D符合语境。故选D。

4．答案　F

解析　根据本段主题句“Reward yourself for tasks you’ve accomplished.”和空前一句“If you want to continue to follow through on staying organized，don’t just do one task and move on.”可知，当一件任务完成，不要马上进行下一项，此处表转折。选项F符合语境。故选F。

5．答案　C

解析　根据本段内容，尤其是空后一句可知，作者强调合作的重要性。选项C符合语境。故选C。