(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时精炼 选择性必修第一册　热点话题　精深阅读(四) (含详解)

热点话题　精深阅读(四)

主题语境：人与社会——品味科学，扩大视野，提升智力水平

(2020·全国Ⅱ，B)

Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child，but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.

Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago，found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.

The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.

“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not，on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes，” Levine said in a statement.

The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would，and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently，and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However，boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls，and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.

The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.

1．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?

A．Building confidence.

B．Developing spatial skills.

C．Learning self-control.

D．Gaining high-tech knowledge.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.”可知，玩拼图的孩子空间技能更好。故选B项。

2．What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?

A．Parents’ age.

B．Children’s imagination.

C．Parents’ education.

D．Child-parent relationship.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...after controlling for differences in parents’ income，education and the amount of parent talk...”可知，在以上三个方面(收入、受教育程度以及与孩子说话的多少)中，选项C提到了第二个方面，即父母的受教育程度。故选C项。

3．How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play?

A．They play with puzzles more often.

B．They tend to talk less during the game.

C．They prefer to use more spatial language.

D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“However，boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls...”可知，男孩玩的拼图比女孩玩的要复杂。故选D项。

4．What is the text mainly about?

A．A mathematical method.

B．A scientific study.

C．A woman psychologist.

D．A teaching program.

答案　B

解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项科学研究。故选B项。

微技能点拨　定位比对，锁定文章主题，巧解主旨大意题。

第一步：先通过题干信息来选择定位词。定位词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词等，即问题的核心信息。

第二步：在原文中查找整篇文章的主题句或者每一段的主题句。

第三步：分析这些句子和选项，得出正确答案。

本文中第4题为主旨大意题，根据策略解题如下：

Step 1　确定题干关键词：mainly about

Step 2　回到原文准定位：Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child，but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.(Paragraph 1)

Step 3　对比选项找最佳：尝试解答  B  。

文本提炼

Ⅰ.宏观把握，整体理解

Ⅱ.词汇积累

1．puzzle n．拼图玩具；谜；智力游戏

2．significant adj.重大的；有效的；有意义的

3．analyze vt.分析

4．assess vt.评定，评估

5．interact vi.互相影响，互相作用

6．complex adj.复杂的

Ⅲ.长难句分析

The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.

句式分析　本句的主干是The researchers analyzed video recordings and found children have better spatial skills，本句有两个并列的谓语动词analyzed和found。children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills是省略that的宾语从句；定语从句who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age修饰先行词children；when assessed at 54 months of age是时间状语从句的省略形式。

尝试翻译　研究人员分析了53对亲子对象在家中日常生活的录像，并且在孩子54个月大的时候进行评估，结果发现，在26～46个月这段时间玩拼图的孩子有更好的空间技能。

仿写运用　享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮忙采摘覆盖每棵树的桃子。

While enjoying being close to nature，we began to help pick peaches which covered every tree.