(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修三 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations (含解析)

UNIT 1　Festivals and Celebrations

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

The Spring Festival is the most important of the traditional Chinese festivals. It is often 1. ________ (call) “Lunar New Year”， because — as part of the lunisolar (阴阳的) Chinese calendar — the date is partially determined based on the lunar phase (月亮或行星的相位). The festival traditionally 2. ________ (begin) on the first day of the first month in the Chinese calendar and ends with the Lantern Festival 3. ________ is on the 15th day. Chinese New Year's Eve, a day when Chinese families gather for their annual reunion dinner, is known as chuxi. It literally means “Year­pass Eve”.

According to 4. ________ (tale) and legends, the beginning of Chinese New Year started with the fight against 5. ________ mythical (神话的) beast called Nian (年兽). Nian would come on the first day of New Year to devour (吞食) livestock (牲畜), crops, and even villagers, 6. ________ (especial) children. To protect 7. ________， the villagers would put food in front of their doors at the beginning of every year. It was believed that after Nian 8. ________ (eat) the food they prepared, it wouldn't attack people any more. One time, people saw that Nian was scared away by a little child wearing red. The villagers then understood that Nian was afraid 9. ________ the colour red. Hence, every time New Year was about to come, the villagers would hang red lanterns and red spring scrolls on windows and doors. People also used fireworks 10. ________ (frighten) away Nian. From then on, Nian never came to the village again.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国新年的来历。

1. called　考查语态。春节常被叫作“农历新年”，此处主语It与动词call之间为被动关系，故填called。

2. begins　考查时态。传统上来讲，春节开始于农历第一个月的第一天。此处是对客观事实的描述，故用一般现在时。

3. which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the Lantern Festival，故填which/that。

4. tales　考查名词复数。tale为可数名词，前无限定词，且根据空后的legends可知，此处应用tale的复数形式与legends构成并列关系。

5. a　考查冠词。空处表示泛指，且mythical以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。

6. especially　考查副词。根据语境可知此处用副词作状语，表示“尤其”。

7. themselves　考查代词。为了保护自己，村民们每年年初都会把食物放在家门口。根据语境可知此处应用反身代词themselves。

8. ate　考查时态。根据语境及主句的时态可知，此处用一般过去时。

9. of　考查介词。村民们后来明白了，年兽害怕红色。be afraid of ...“害怕……”，为固定搭配。

10. to frighten　考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。

B

(2020·山东济宁模拟)Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre that 1. ________ (appear) in Beijing in the late 18th century. 2. ________ (combine) music, song, dance and acrobatics (杂技动作) in a lively and colourful display, it is a 3. ________ (relative) new style of drama, compared to other types of Chinese theatre.

In the early years of Peking Opera, all the actors were men, 4. ________ the roles of women played by young boys. The stories fell into two main 5. ________ (category) — wen, or civil theatre, which focused on love, marriage and other civilian concerns, and wu, or military theatre, which focused on the theme of war and was known for featuring thrilling stage actions.

In the first half of the 6. ________ (twenty) century, the most famous actor of Peking Opera was Mei Lanfang, 7. ________ played a key role in popularising Peking Opera and introducing Chinese theatre to the West. Additionally, Mei also took the bold step in taking on female students, which was 8. ________ highly risky and unconventional step at the time.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Peking Opera performances, which dealt with contemporary and revolutionary themes, were encouraged. Despite 9. ________ (it) ups and downs, Peking Opera was revived (复兴) in the 1980s and continues to 10. ________ (perform) today.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京剧的发展。

1. appeared　考查时态。根据时间状语“in the late 18th century”可知，此处陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。

2. Combining　考查非谓语动词。combine的逻辑主语为it，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。

3. relatively　考查副词。应用副词修饰形容词new，故填relatively。

4. with　考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构。考查的结构形式为“with＋名词＋过去分词”，在句中作状语。

5. categories　考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“ two main”可知，此处应填所给名词的复数形式categories。

6. twentieth　考查序数词。根据语境和空前的“the”可知，此处应用序数词。故填twentieth。

7. who　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mei Lanfang，指人，故用who。

8. a　考查冠词。此处表泛指，且highly以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。

9. its　考查代词。despite为介词，ups and downs意为“兴衰，浮沉”，为名词短语，故此处应用形容词性物主代词its。

10. be performed　考查语态。perform与Peking Opera之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且空处位于不定式符号to之后，故填be performed。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 随着高考的临近，我们压力很大。

①With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching,we are under great stress.(with; approach)

②As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_draws_near,we are under great stress. (as; draw)

2. 这个故事的寓意是：不遗余力地获取知识，不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。(no matter how/however)

The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily however/no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.

3.  我的爱好广泛，包括读书、写日记、与朋友一起打球等等。(range)

I have a_wide_range_of hobbies, including reading, keeping diaries, playing balls with friends and so on.

4. 如果你想提高你的英语口语水平，你应该充分利用每一个可能的机会练习讲英语。(take advantage of)

If you want to improve your oral English, you should take_full_advantage_of every possible chance to practise speaking it.

5. 网络是一个很好的发现，我认为它对人们的生活很有意义。(significant)

The Internet is a wonderful discovery, which I think is_very_significant_to people's lives.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Chinese Festivals

As an ancient country, China has various festivals.

The Spring Festival

On the evening before the Spring Festival, the family get together to have a big meal. Dumplings are the most traditional food. Besides delicious food and new clothes, children also get lucky money from their parents. People also put Chinese New Year scrolls (春联) on the wall for good fortune.

The Lantern (灯笼) Festival

During this festival, there is special food called “tangyuan”， which is said to symbolise both the first full moon and family completeness. Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lantern. Stilt­walking (踩高跷), drumming, dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.

The Duanwu Festival

Also called the Dragon Boat Festival, it is to commemorate (纪念) the patriotic (爱国的) poet Qu Yuan, a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to his state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified (污蔑，诽谤)．

The Double Seventh Festival

On the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, there is a traditional festival full of romance. It celebrates the annual meeting of Niu Lang (Cowherd) and Zhi Nü(Weaver Maid). In recent years, in particular, urban youths have celebrated it as Valentine's Day in China.

The Mid­Autumn Festival

It is a conventional festival for both the Han and minority nationalities in China. The custom of worshipping the moon can be traced back to the ancient Xia and Shang Dynasties. The Mid­Autumn Festival is also a holiday for members of a family to get together.

The Double Ninth Festival

On the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, people celebrate the Double Ninth Festival. Later, the tradition develops into the custom of climbing mountains and eating double­ninth cakes, which means that our life will become better and better.

1. Which is not involved in the entertainments of the Lantern Festival?

A. Stilt­walking.

B. Dragon dancing.

C. Guessing riddles.

D. Delicious food and lucky money.

2. Which of the following tells about a Chinese ancestor who is the symbol of devotees of his homeland?

A. The Spring Festival.

B. The Duanwu Festival.

C. The Double Seventh Festival.

D. The Double Ninth Festival.

3. What aspect is the Mid­Autumn Festival unique in?

A. Families getting together.

B. A festival of Han nationality.

C. Worshipping the moon.

D. Symbolising the full moon.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了中国最典型的几个传统节日：春节、元宵节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节和重阳节。

1. D　细节理解题。 根据第三段最后两句可知A、B、C项都被包括在内。D项中的food虽然也涉及，但lucky money却是春节才有的。故选D。

2. B　推理判断题。 通读第四段对屈原的介绍可知，屈原与本题中的“the symbol of devotees of his homeland”指代一致。故选B。

3. C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“The custom of worshipping the moon ...”可知，中秋节崇拜月亮的习俗渊源久远。比较其他节日，都没有这个习俗，故选C。

B

(2020·山东名校联考)Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are remarkably noisy ecosystems in oceans. The special noises bring many fish settling there and drive enemies away. When there's a heat wave, ocean temperatures rise and the coral will lose its colour, and turn white. Its residents then leave for healthier places. Without the creature activity, reefs fall silent, a sign of dying. A study proves playing sounds of healthy reefs works on rebuilding energy of a reef. Researchers found the newcomers drawn in by the underwater speaker stuck around.

The idea begins with Tim Gordon, a biologist, who studies the influence of sounds on diverse underwater animals at the scenic Great Barrier Reef in Australia. What Gordon and his research group hear on a normal reef struck them as a wonder. It's therefore so upsetting for them that reefs became so quiet as they died. That got him thinking: Could sounds help renew dying reefs? Vast sections of the Great Barrier Reef have turned white during the past five years. But how could a seawater temperature increase of as little as 1℃ cause such extensive influence?

Living reefs house thousands of tiny animals, known as coral polyps. They live amongst the bone remains of their ancestors. Those polyps have a close relationship with algae (海藻) called zooxanthellae who live inside a coral polyp's tissues.They give coral its bright appearance. The algae use sunlight to make raw sugar. This feeds not only the algae, but also the coral polyps.

Corals and algae grow well in tropical (热带的) waters. But when the water gets too hot, the tiny algae become damaged. That causes corals to boot them out. Without their colourful companions, the coral polyps become transparent. Then the bone­like framework the polyps live in shows through. The reef turns white. If the sea water stays too warm, the polyps don't get enough food. Eventually they die. The noise making creatures that had lived around them now must go in search of a new neighbourhood. They leave behind a bare  and silent reef.

4. How do the sounds help reefs recover?

A. By energising dying corals.

B. By scaring reefs' enemies away.

C. By attracting creatures back.

D. By reducing the heat wave's effect.

5. What impresses Tim Gordon and other researchers?

A. The sound of a healthy reef.

B. The scene of the Great Barrier Reef.

C. Diversity of underwater animals.

D. The influence of seawater temperature.

6. What make coral reefs colourful?

A. Coral polyps.

B. Zooxanthellae.

C. Heat waves.

D. Bone remains of coral polyps.

7. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. How the ecosystem works in oceans.

B. How a coral reef gradually dies.

C. How rising temperature affects algae.

D. How creatures depend on each other.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海水温度上升给珊瑚礁带来的生存困境以及珊瑚礁是如何死亡的。

4. C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Without the creature activity, reefs fall silent, a sign of dying. A study proves playing sounds of healthy reefs works on rebuilding energy of a reef. Researchers found the newcomers drawn in by the underwater speakers stuck around.”可知，没有了生物活动，珊瑚礁将不再发声，濒临死亡。而播放健康的珊瑚礁的声音会吸引来新的生物，帮助珊瑚礁恢复活力。

5. A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What Gordon and his research group hear on a normal reef struck them as a wonder.”可知，健康的珊瑚礁发出的声音使Tim Gordon感到惊讶。

6. B　细节理解题。结合第三段中的“They give coral its bright appearance”和第四段中的“Without their colourful companions, the coral polyps become transparent”可知，zooxanthellae使珊瑚礁颜色鲜艳。

7. B　段落大意题。最后一段主要介绍珊瑚虫和海藻在热带水域里生长良好，当海水过热时，珊瑚虫会驱逐海藻而变得透明，从而珊瑚礁也会变白。如果海水温度太高，珊瑚虫没有足够的食物，最终会死亡，生活在它们周围的发声的生物也会离开，留下荒芜沉寂的珊瑚礁，这一过程是珊瑚礁的死亡过程，故B项能概括本段大意。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

Have you ever noticed how the way you feel about yourself sometimes depends on whether or not you get confirmation of your value from others?

I have   1   a lot about nurturing a positive identity of love and appreciation from the man who taught me to train dogs.

First, he started out by   2   his dogs with love and respect, and by showing them an infinite amount of   3   as they were learning.

Then, the   4   thing he did was a true stroke of genius. He would cut a small piece of   5   for each dog. He would place it in the dog's sleeping area, for him to   6   each night. He would also take this carpet during the   7   and set it down in various locations, and sit the dog on the carpet, as he   8   the dog for being good.

Next, Frank would teach the dog to   9   the carpet himself, and carry it to   10   they were going. The dog would then set the carpet down when they   11  ， with Frank all of the time praising him. Now Frank said, “The dog begins to feel that he truly   12   in every place he travels to, and no matter where he goes, he   13   

my love and appreciation.”

If this strategy   14   so brilliantly with dogs, would it not work just   15   with human beings?

1. A. learned　　　　 B. accumulated

C. improved D. distinguished

2. A. pleasing B. treating

C. surrounding D. chasing

3. A. sympathy B. comfort

C. patience D. honour

4. A. first B. last

C. next D. least

5. A. cloth B. meat

C. area D. carpet

6. A. lie on B. hide in

C. stand beside D. play with

7. A. morning B. afternoon

C. evening D. day

8. A. blamed B. encouraged

C. praised D. accompanied

9. A. carry with B. care for

C. cut up D. pick up

10. A. wherever B. whenever

C. however D. whatever

11. A. ran B. stopped

C. stood D. turned

12. A. participates B. breaks

C. belongs D. corresponds

13. A. receives B. expects

C. ignores D. takes

14. A. works B. goes

C. agrees D. applies

15. A. as possible B. as well

C. better than D. still less

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了弗兰克对狗的训练策略，并由此而引发思索——若将这些策略运用到生活中，是否将对生活有很多的帮助。

1. A　结合句意可知，此处是指作者从别人那儿学到了知识，故选A项。

2. B　结合句意可知，此处用“以爱和尊重对待狗”符合语境，故选B项。

3. C　结合常识可知，训练狗需要耐心，故选C项。

4. C　根据上文的First可知此处用“接下来”符合语境，故选C项。

5. D　根据下文的sit the dog on the carpet可知此处用“毯子”符合语境，故选D项。

6. A　结合上下文可知，此处是指让狗躺在毯子上睡觉，故选A项。

7. D　根据上文的“for him to __6__ each night”可知狗晚上睡在毯子上，故推测白天他会把毯子放在不同的地方，故选D项。

8. C　根据下文的“for being good”可知此处用“表扬”符合语境，故选C项。

9. D　根据下文的“and carry it to __10__ they were going”可知，要先捡起毯子才能把它带到其他地方去，故选D项。

10. A　根据下文的“and no matter where he goes”可知此处用“任何地方”符合语境，故选A项。

11. B　根据上文的“set the carpet down”可推测这是在狗停下时发生的动作，故选B项。

12. C　结合句意可知，此处是指在弗兰克的表扬下狗有了归属感，故选C项。

13. A　结合句意可知，此处是狗在任何地方都可以被弗兰克表扬，收到他的爱和欣赏，故选A项。

14. A　根据下文的“would it not work just __15__ with human beings？”可知此处用“奏效”符合语境，work是原词复现，故选A项。

15. B　结合上下文可知，此处是指狗通过主人对它的表扬可以找到归属感，那么人可能也会如此，用“也”符合语境，故选B项。