(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业选择性必修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration (含解析)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业选择性必修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration (含解析)，共8页。试卷主要包含了 t　考查介词， where　考查宾语从句， t g　考查固定搭配， first　考查序数词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
UNIT 3　Sea ExplorationA组·基础巩固Ⅰ. 语法填空AEric the Red, whose ancestors came from Scandinavia, 1. ________ (be) one of the Vikings who achieved achievements in his voyage all his life. According 2. ________ the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric the Red 3. ________ (force) to leave 4. ________ he lived because he was charged with murder. He left Iceland and then discovered Greenland where he persuaded some people 5. ________ (go) to live. Following Eric, another man, 6. ________ name was Biarni, 7. ________ (eventual) reached and landed on Greenland because of an unexpected storm. In the year 1002, Eric's son, Leif, also made great 8. ________ (contribute) in 9. ________ (discover) other lands such as present­day Canada and Newfoundland. They are the 10. ________ (one) records we have of Europeans sailing  to America.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。早期的维京人Eric the Red发现了格陵兰岛，他的儿子Leif发现了如今的加拿大和纽芬兰。1. was　考查时态。 描述过去发生的动作或状态要用一般过去时。2. to　考查介词。according to 为固定短语，意为“按照，根据”。3. was forced　考查时态和语态。动作发生在过去要用一般过去时。另外，force与主语之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。4. where　考查宾语从句。空格后是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。5. to go　考查固定搭配。persuade sb. to do sth. 为固定表达，意为“说服某人做某事”。6. whose　考查非限制性定语从句。逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语修饰name。7. eventually　考查副词。修饰动词reached要用副词。8. contributions　考查固定短语。make contributions 是固定短语，意为“做出贡献”。9. discovering　考查非谓语动词。介词后要用动名词形式作宾语。10. first　考查序数词。根据前面的the以及结合句意可知，此处要用序数词。B(2020·山东潍坊6月模拟)Earlier 2019, the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development published 1. ________ most comprehensive analysis up to now of how climate change will affect the glaciers (冰川) of the world, 2. ________ (warn) that about 18,000 glaciers will disappear by 2100.This is a bad 3. ________ (predict) for some 1.9 billion South Asians, 4. ________ use water from these glaciers not only for drinking but also for agriculture, hydroelectric power, and tourism. But the survey also looked at an immediate question: As the glaciers 5. ________ (rapid) melt, where will all the water — more than a quadrillion gallons of it, almost the amount 6. ________ (contain) in Lake Huron — go?The answer is that the Himalaya, for example, long defined by 7. ________ (it) glaciers, is becoming a mountain range defined by lakes. In fact, another study found that from 1990 to 2010, more than 900 new glacier­fed lakes 8. ________ (form) across Asia's high mountain ranges. Because of those remote locations, scientists must rely 9. ________ satellites to count them, and new lakes appear to be growing so quickly that It's difficult for scientific teams to agree on the precise number. It's all happening much 10. ________ (fast) than we expected it to even five or ten years ago.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变暖加速了冰川的融化，这给依靠冰山取水的地区以及喜马拉雅山脉都带来了极大的影响。1. the　考查冠词。形容词最高级前应使用定冠词the。the most comprehensive analysis表示“最全面的分析”。2. warning　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，warn与主语the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。3. prediction　考查名词。该空前面有a bad修饰，应使用单数名词。4. who　考查关系代词。 空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，从句修饰先行词South Asians，故用关系代词who。5. rapidly　考查副词。空处修饰动词melt，故用副词形式。6. contained　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，contain与the amount构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。7. its　考查代词。空处修饰后面的名词glaciers，故用形容词性物主代词its。8. were formed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句子主语是more than 900 new glacier­fed lakes, 与动词form构成动宾关系且表示复数；时间状语是from 1990 to 2010，应用一般过去时，故填were formed。9. on/upon　考查介词。 此处表示科学家必须依靠人造卫星来计算它们的数量。rely on/upon意为“依靠，依赖”，为固定搭配。10. faster　考查比较级。 根据空前的much和空后的than可知，空处应用所给词的比较级形式。Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子1. 父母没有必要为孩子做一切事情。(There is no need for sb. to do sth.)There_is_no_need_for_parents_to_do everything for their children.2. 我希望我能做点什么事以报答他的好意。(in return for)I wish I could do something in_return_for the kindness I have received from him.3. 她干完了活，坐下来喝杯茶。(独立主格结构)Her_work_done,she sat down for a cup of tea.4. 我们城市的警察努力工作，以便我们其他人能过上安全的生活。(so that)The police officers in our city work hard so_that the rest of us can live a safe life.5. 为了取得好成绩，他一直努力学习。(不定式作目的状语)To_get_good_grades,he always works hard.B组·能力提升Ⅰ. 阅读理解AMy fifteen­year­old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed traveller's checks, and is asleep at the moment. His blue duffel bag (帆布袋) lies on the floor where he dropped it. Obviously, he postponed as much sleep as he could: when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched off, and he headed directly for the bed, where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours.It was his first trip overseas, so weeks before it, I pressed travel books on him, and a tape cassette of useful French phrases; drew up a list of people to visit; advised him on clothing and other things. At the luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase, he headed for the duffels, saying that suitcases were more for old people.During the trip, he called home three times: from London, Paris, and a village named Ullapool. Near Ullapool, he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him off. In the village, a man spoke to him in Gaelic, and, too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes, trying to nod in the right places. The French he learned from the cassette didn't hold water in Paris. The French he talked to shrugged and walked on.When my son called, I sat down at the kitchen table and leaned forward and hung on every word. His voice came through clearly, though two of the calls were like ship­to­shore communication. When I interrupted him with a “Great！” or a “Really？”， I knocked a little hole in his communication. So I just sat and listened. I have never listened to a telephone so attentively and with so much pleasure. It was wonderful to hear news from him that was so new to me. In my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.The unused checks are certainly evidence of that. Youth travels light. No suitcase, not much luggage and a slim expense account, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safely. I sit here amazed. The night when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country you've never seen is a night you would gladly turn into a week.1. During the trip, the author's son ________.A. ran out of moneyB. had inadequate sleepC. forgot to call his motherD. failed to take good pictures2. According to the passage, which of the following could best describe the author's son?A. Polite and careless.B. Creative and stubborn.C. Considerate and independent.D. Self­centred and adventurous.3. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?A. It is important to listen to your child's story.B. It's easy to interrupt the chat with your child.C. The author is proud of her son landing on the moon.D. The son no longer needs much help from his mother.4. What can we infer from the passage?A. Good parents should protect their children from potential dangers.B. The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page.C. It's a win­win choice to give a child space to experience and explore.D. Communication between parents and children is extremely important.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了她十五岁的儿子的国外旅行经历。作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择。1. B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My fifteen­year­old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed traveller's checks, and is asleep at the moment.”可知，作者的儿子旅游回到家蒙头大睡，因此可推断他在旅游的过程中缺乏睡眠，故选B。2. C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes”可推知，作者的儿子的其中一个性格是considerate (体贴的，考虑周全的)；又根据文章说作者的儿子自己去旅行，很多事情都一个人去处理，也可推断他是一个独立的(independent)人。故选C。3. D　代词指代题。根据上一段中的“In my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.”可知，作者作为家长，实际上也没有给她的儿子多少建议和意见，由此分析可知选D。4. C　推理判断题。纵观全文，根据作者对她的儿子这次去旅游之前，旅游过程中给家里打电话以及回来之后的一连串的分析和思考可知，作者认为给予孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择，故选C。BPangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的), anteater­like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation. Partnering with the non­profit organisation Pangolin. Africa, the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available, especially African communities, who live near the animal's habitats.Over two years, the documentary crew travelled to South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before. Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, “One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant.”Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officers conducted two separate seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins.Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat, the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolins on camera for the very first time.5. What is the purpose of the documentary?A. To study the situation of pangolins.B. To collect funds to protect pangolins.C. To raise awareness of pangolin protection.D. To propose setting up pangolin reserves.6. What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” in Paragraph 2?A. Picky.　　　　　 B. Messy.C. Showy. D. Heavy.7. What's the documentary mainly about?A. The illegal trade of pangolins.B. The medical function of pangolins' scales.C. The life of pangolins in their natural habitats.D. The efforts of Pangolin. Africa to save pangolins.8. Where is the text most likely from?A. A brochure. B. A diary.C. A novel. D. A magazine.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。穿山甲是世界上被贩运最频繁的哺乳动物，并且正面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。5. C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures”可知，该纪录片的目的是呼吁全世界的观看者采取行动，制止贩运从而保护这些独特的生物。由此可知，该纪录片的目的是提高人们对穿山甲保护的认识。故选C。6. A　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant.”可知，穿山甲实际上对食物很挑剔。你认为它们会吃任何类型的蚂蚁，但他们都比较喜欢一种特别的蚂蚁。由此可推知，画线词意为“挑剔的”。故选A。7. C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat”可知，这部纪录片的主要内容是穿山甲在自然栖息地的生活。故选C。8. D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked(非法交易) mammals in the world ... is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation.”可知，穿山甲正面临灭绝，一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。由这个话题内容可知，文章最有可能来自一本动物保护方面的杂志。故选D。Ⅱ. 读后续写(2021·全国重点中学模拟)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When she was twelve years old, Raha earned a scholarship to study in England. She fondly hugged Mama and said goodbye to her brown cow, with whom she spent many years. Then Raha and Baba, her father, rode the crowded bus to the airport. “Your Raha means happiness，”Baba said.“Remember that.”As the plane took off, Raha looked out the window at the animals and rivers in her homeland. She stared down at the green fields where she used to run like the wind.At school in England, it wasn't easy for Raha to stay happy. The teachers gave her dozens of math problems to solve, essays to write and books to read. Her running coach gave her a shirt and white shorts, running shoes for the coming cross­country. Raha had always run barefoot at home, and the shoes were tight on her feet. But all the other runners wore shoes, and Raha didn't want to be different.The team practised running every Saturday. After the practice, everyone watched rugby — everyone but Raha. She would run alone over fields thick with mud. The cold air hurt her throat. She missed running barefoot and fast under the warm sun.One Saturday, Raha ran up a hill and found herself before a barn (牲口棚). One of her classmates named Thomas, stood just inside the barn. After he greeted her, Raha asked, “Why aren't you watching rugby？” “I have to help my father to look after the cows，” said Thomas. “Would you like to see them？”Raha entered the barn, and the familiar smell of cows surrounded her. “We also have a cow at home，” she said. “I call her Rafiki. That means ‘friend’．” Raha touched the round side of a brown cow. “She'll give birth to a calf (小牛) soon，” said Thomas.The next Saturday, Raha ran up to Thomas's farm and didn't see him at the barn, so she ran up the hill to the fields above. Up the hill she found Thomas's brown cow lying on her side, breathing heavily.“Poor thing, your calf is coming，” Raha said. She looked out over the fields, but no one in sight.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Raha didn't know how to deliver a calf, but she knew how to run for help. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Looking at the newborn calf, Thomas's father said, “She'll be needing a name.” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Raha didn't know how to deliver a calf, but she knew how to run for help. She pulled off her shoes and ran, barefoot and fast, as she used to do. She ran to the place where Thomas lived. Raha found Thomas and his father, and they followed her back up the hill. When they reached there, the calf was already born, but it lay weak and still. Thomas's father dragged the calf to the mother's head. The cow smelt her calf, and started to lick its wet fur. The calf opened its eyes. “We came just in time. Thank you，” said Thomas.Looking at the newborn calf, Thomas's father said，“She'll be needing a name.” After careful consideration, Thomas excitedly suggested, “Why not name her Rafiki, just like Raha's cow at home？” Then he smiled at Raha and said, “It means ‘friend’．” Thomas's father nodded, “That's a good idea! You both make good friends here.” She grinned. It was the first time she felt truly delighted in the new country. “Baba，” she said to herself, “I'm living up to my name. I'm happy to help them and make friends.”