课时分层作业(一)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．They say that the three man arrested had enough materials to build a massive(巨大的)bomb.

2．He plays classical(古典的) music，as well as pop and jazz.

3．Your opinion will not affect (影响)my decision.

4．What about your performance(表现) in your present company?

5．She is not only a photographer but also a talented(有才能的) artist.

6．I am now feeling young   both physically and mentally(心理上)!

7．By the time I come on the scene(现场)，it is all over.

8．I spotted(发现) you standing by your car at the gas station.

9．If his reactions(反应) are so slow，he shouldn't be in charge of a bus.

10．He is very energetic(精力充沛的) and not afraid of the cold.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

People have been painting pictures for at least 30，000  years.The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals.They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill.Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain.No one knows why they were painted there.Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.

About 5，000 years ago the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as a kind of writing.They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas，and also to represent the sounds of their language.The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.

The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture­writing and pictures together.When an important person died，scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried.Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip(连环漫画) stories.It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip.But for the Egyptians，pictures still had magic power.So they did not try to make their way of writing simple.The ordinary people could not understand it.

By the year 1，000 BC，people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing.The signs they used were very easy to write and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system.This was because each sign or letter represented only one sound in their language.The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet.The Romans copied the idea and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.These days we can write down a story or record information without using pictures.But we still need pictures of all kinds：drawings，photographs, signs and diagrams.We find them everywhere：in books and newspapers in the street and on the walls of the places where we live and work.

Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily and they can make a story much more interesting.

【语篇解读】　文章介绍了人类图画的历史。从猎人的画到埃及人开始使用图画当作书写方式。还有希腊人发展了这种符号系统并形成了希腊字母。罗马人的字母应用到世界各地。现今，我们还是有许多地方需要图画，比如：绘画、照片、标记和图表。

1．Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because         ．

A．the hunters wanted to see the pictures

B．the painters were animal lovers

C．the painters wanted to show imagination

D．the pictures were thought to be helpful

D　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.”可知，古代人认为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助，故选项D正确。]

2．The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT          ．

A．the former was easy to write

B．there were fewer signs in the former

C．the former was easy to pronounce

D．each sign stood for only one sound in the former

C　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，希腊文字更容易写，符号更少，每一个符号代表一个读音。由此可知，本文没有提及希腊字母容易发音，故选项C正确。]

3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.

B．The Egyptians liked to write comic strip stories.

C．The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.

D．The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.

A　[推理判断题。根据第二段的“They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas...”可知，埃及的符号后来变成了一种特殊的字母。故选项A正确。]

4．In the last paragraph the author thinks that pictures         .

A．should be made comprehensible

B．should be made interesting

C．are of much use in our life

D．have disappeared from our life

C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily and they can make a story much more interesting.”可知，作者认为现在绘画还是很有用的。故选项C正确。]

B

Many diseases and medical conditions are caused by things out of our control.Yet experts say you can control and even prevent many of the risk factors that increase your chances of dying.

An unhealthy lifestyle can put you at great risk of heart disease and stroke(中风)．Poor diet, having too much body fat and being short of physical exercise all increase your risk of heart disease—so can smoking and drinking too much wine.So doctors suggest we eat healthy foods, get exercise, stop smoking and drink less.

But there is something else you can do.And it is free and easy.Smile!

Anand Chockalingam is a heart disease specialist at University of Missouri Health Care in Columbia, Missouri.He advises his patients to smile.He says smiling is a first step in fighting stress and its sometimes harmful effects on human health.

When you feel stressed or under pressure, your body lets out many natural hormones(荷尔蒙)．If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you.However, when people are stressed for long periods of time, they may not make the best decisions about what to eat.They may overeat, smoke or drink too much.They may not get enough exercise or sleep.And all of these can lead to health problems.

Dr.Chockalingam says a smile may be one way to help.He tells his patients to smile 20 times an hour.To some, that might seem like a lot of smiling.Or some might even feel foolish—smiling for seemingly no reason.But a smile does not need drugs.It does not leave cuts like an operation.It is free and it has no bad side effects.

Once people smile, they are relaxing, which directly lowers blood pressure, improves sugar levels in the blood.If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health.

And it just may provide a little extra protection to everyone's heart health.

【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述了生活中有许多因素会增加人们患上心脏疾病的几率，甚至会导致死亡，但是人们可以通过微笑为心脏健康提供额外的保护。

5．How does smiling benefit your health?

A．By producing natural hormones.

B．By protecting you from danger.

C．By helping make wise decisions.

D．By preventing harm from stress.

D　[细节理解题。根据第四段“He says smiling is a first step in fighting stress and its sometimes harmful effects on human health.”可知，微笑可以通过防止压力带来的伤害来对健康有益。故选D。]

6．Which word best describes Anand Chockalingam's attitude towards smile?

A．Curious.　　　　　　　 B．Uncertain.

C．Positive.　   D．Excited.

C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Anand Chockalingam is a heart disease specialist at University of Missouri Health Care in Columbia, Missouri.He advises his patients to smile.He says smiling is a first step in fighting stress and its sometimes harmful effects on human health.”可推断，Anand Chockalingam对微笑的态度是积极的。故选C。]

7．What do we know about smile?

A．It is the best medicine.

B．It is an effective exercise.

C．It is the only way to good health.

D．It has little bad side effects.

A　[推理判断题。根据第六段中的“But a smile does not need drugs.It does not leave cuts like an operation.It is free and it has no bad side effects.”可推知，微笑是最好的药。故选A。]

8．What is the author's purpose of writing the text?

A．To remind people to care for health.

B．To persuade people to live a healthy life.

C．To find a solution to health problems.

D．To introduce a way of improving health condition.

D　[写作意图题。根据第一段中的“Many diseases and medical conditions are caused by things out of our control.Yet experts say you can control and even prevent many of the risk factors that increase your chances of dying.”和第三段“But there is something else you can do.And it is free and easy.Smile！”可推知，文章主要介绍了一种改善健康状况的方法——微笑。故选D。]

Ⅲ.阅读七选五

Americans spend a lot of money in their daily lives.Working people spend money on transportation to and from work and on various expenses throughout the day.Americans enjoy shopping and buy many things that they need and want.  1  They buy sports equipment，go to movies and do many things that cost money.

However，many Americans don't pay cash or write checks for these things.  2  Credit cards are small，rectangular plastic cards.It is very convenient to carry them about.

  3  When  a  customer buys something at a store，he shows his card at the store.This permits the store to charge the bank for the customer's purchase，the bank collects all the charges for each customer.Then once a month the bank requires the customer to pay the charges for that month.  4  It allows the customer to pay for the charges in several payments over a period of time.

However，the bank requires the customer to pay interest(利息)on the unpaid part of the charges.In this way the bank allows customers to buy things they cannot afford at one time.People can use the card to buy what they want and pay for it over a period of time.  5 

A．It brings great benefits to the rich.

B．Banks give these cards to their customers.

C．They spend a lot of money on entertainment.

D．They also do not need to carry a lot of money.

E．People may spend less money in this way.

F．More and more Americans pay for things with credit cards.

G．The bank does not force the customer to pay the full amount.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述了美国人喜欢购物且喜欢用信用卡支付，并说明了信用卡的特点。

1．C　[根据后句“They buy sports equipment，go to movies and do many things that cost money.”他们买一些运动装备，去看电影和做许多花钱的事情。可知，他们花很多钱在休闲娱乐上面。故选C。]

2．F　[根据后句“Credit cards are small，rectangular plastic cards.”对信用卡进行解释的提示可知，越来越多的美国人选择用信用卡付款。故选F。]

3．B　[根据后句“When a  customer buys something at a store，he shows his card at the store.”当顾客在商店买东西的时候，他出示他的信用卡。可知，银行首先把信用卡给他们的客户符合语境。故选B。]

4．G　[根据前句“Then once a month the bank requires the customer to pay the charges for that month.”和后句“It allows the customer to pay for the charges in several payments over a period of time.”提示可知，银行并不强制客户全额付款，客户只要在一段时间内偿还所有金额即可。故选G。]

5．D　[根据前两句“In this way the bank allows customers to buy things they cannot afford at one time.People can use the card to buy what they want and pay for it over a period of time.”人们可以使用这种卡购买他们想要的东西，还可以在一段时间内慢慢支付。可知，还有优点是他们也不需要带大量的现金。故选D。]