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陕西省西安市2022~2023学年高二英语上学期期中检测试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份陕西省西安市2022~2023学年高二英语上学期期中检测试题（Word版附解析），共29页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;，测试范围;人教新课标U1-U4等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度高二第一学期期中检测
2024届英语试题
注意事项：
1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;
2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;
3.试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟;
4.测试范围;人教新课标U1-U4。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5, 895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8, 848. 86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6, 193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector(探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5, 140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
1. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes?
A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
B. It is covered with snow all through the year.
C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.
D. It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
2. Which mountain stands between two countries?
A. Mount Kilimanjaro. B. Denali.
C. Mount Everest. D. Mount Vinson.
3. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson?
A. An American. B. An Australian.
C. A Frenchman. D. A Japanese.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四座世界最高峰。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.（马文子火山和希拉火山已经灭绝，而基博火山处于休眠状态，可能会再次爆发。）可知，基博火山是三座火山中最危险的原因是它很可能在未来的某个时候再次爆发。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.（它位于尼泊尔和中国边境的喜马拉雅山脉。）”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于两国之间。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.（1935年，美国飞行员林肯·埃尔斯沃斯从空中发现了它。）”可知，第一个发现文森山的是一个美国人。故选A项。
B
People generally like to pick out the best-looking fruits and vegetables when shopping for produce (农产品), but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly-shaped and faulty produce at the price of 30% lower than normal-looking one.
A trial run of the ugly food line, named “Naturally Imperfect”, began with only apples and potatoes to choose from. Consumer demand has been so huge that Loblaws is going to introduce more ugly vegetables and fruits like onions and mushrooms.
All the produce that will be sold through Naturally Imperfect would otherwise have been used in juices, sauces, or soups, or have not been harvested at all. The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste, and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices. And he was right, given how popular the line has become.
“It really went well beyond our expectation,” Branson said. “I think it really spoke to the fact that Canadians are out there really looking for some options.”
Of course, Canadians know that beauty is more than skin deep, and they also recognize that they can get the same flavor and nutritional benefits in spite of appearances. The positive response (响应) to the initial offering of apples and potatoes showed the opportunity to expand the line and offer more options at a greater price to Canadian families.
“If you grow produce in your backyard, there will be a lot of produce that won’t look as pretty as what you will see in a grocery store”, said Branson. “And nature doesn’t grow everything perfectly. I’d like to think if somebody were to take a No Name Naturally Imperfect apple, put it right beside a No. 1 apple, close his eyes and eat them, there would be no difference.”
4. Loblaws is different from other supermarkets in that _______.
A. more fruits are offered at lower prices
B. normal-looking produce is forbidden there
C. imperfect produce is sold at lower prices there
D. only apples and potatoes are sold every day
5. According to Paragraph 3, Loblaws’s program _______.
A. prevents people from wasting their food
B. happens to be a win-win mode
C. teaches food producers how to grow
D. enables consumers to eat more fresh produce
6. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Canadians are used to eating perfect produce.
B. Smart consumers know the importance of ugly produce.
C. Loblaws intends to improve customers’ quality of life.
D. Customers’ support promotes the development of the ugly food line.
7. What do Branson’s words in the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. We should eat imperfect apples with our eyes closed.
B. The world is usually full of imperfect things.
C. Imperfect fruits are as tasty and nutritious as perfect ones.
D. The fruits grown by ourselves are more nutritious than those in the store.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。在超市购物时，人们倾向于选择好看的水果和蔬菜，但是加拿大的一家连锁超市正在用较低的价格吸引顾客购买品相不太好的农产品。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly-shaped and faulty produce at the price of 30% lower than normal-looking one”可知，加拿大连锁超市 Loblaws正在以低于正常品相商品价格的30%来吸引顾客，出售品相不太好的农产品。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste, and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices”可知， Loblaws的这一项目让农产品生产者和消费者双赢。故选B。
【6题详解】
段落大意题。第五段主要讲了消费者对最初提供的苹果和土豆的积极响应，显示了扩大这一产品线的机会。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段中Branson说农产品不会都长得很漂亮，闭着眼睛吃不完美的苹果和完美的苹果的口感是一样的，由此可知不完美的水果和完美的水果有一样的口感和营养价值，故选C。
C
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching one has been the inevitable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once considered suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament (装饰) to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”
Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.
Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
8. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first two paragraphs?
A. English-language newspapers with more arts coverage sell well.
B. Young readers nowadays enjoy reading high-quality arts criticism.
C. The criticism published in the 20th century lacked learned contents.
D. There were more arts reviews in English-language newspapers in the past.
9. Based on the third paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The newsprint was too cheap to make profits.
B. Not all writers were capable of journalistic writing.
C. Arts criticism was removed from the print newspapers.
D. Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.
10. Why was Cardus’s criticism no longer popular?
A. Because he mainly wrote essays on the game of cricket.
B. Because people cast doubt on his reputation as a knight.
C. Because his music criticism failed to appeal to readers nowadays.
D. Because his works were quite amateur rather than professional.
11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. The Distinguished Critics in Memory B. The Lost Horizon in Newspapers
C. The Shortage of Literary Geniuses D. The Newspapers of the Good Old Days
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要描写报纸上的高质量的艺术评论已经不复存在。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews”（对于40岁以下的普通读者来说，很难想象在大多数大城市报纸上都能找到高质量的艺术评论。然而，20世纪出版的大量最重要的批评文集中，很大一部分是报纸评论。）可知，英国的报纸过去有更多的艺术评论。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism”（很少有作家有足够的头脑或文学天赋来保持自己在新闻业的地位）可知，并不是所有作家都有新闻写作的能力。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.”（早在他去世之前，新闻品味就发生了变化，后现代主义读者觉得他所擅长的辞藻华丽的的Vicwardiam风格的散文几乎没有什么用处。）可推断，他的评论无法吸引后现代主义者。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching one has been the inevitable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.”（过去的25年间，发生在英文报纸上的所有变化中，影响深远的变化可能就是其艺术报道上的范畴和严肃性的不可避免的衰退。）以及最后一段“Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.”（此外，音乐批评的业余传统也在一路退却。）可知，本文主要描写报纸上的高质量的艺术评论已经不复存在，即报纸评论现象的消失。故B项“报纸上消失的范畴”可概括主题，选项中的“Horizon”在此指代“界限；范畴”，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
D
The environmental practices of big businesses are shaped by a fundamental fact that offends our sense of justice. A business may maximize the amount of money it makes by damaging the environment and hurting people. When government regulation is effective, and the public is environmentally aware, environmentally clean big businesses may out-compete dirty ones, but the reverse is likely to be true if government regulation is ineffective and the public doesn’t care.
It is easy to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people. But blaming alone is unlikely to produce change. It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies, and they are under obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means.
Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable.
The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record; and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices.
In turn, big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or government pressure. For instance, after the US public became concerned about the spread of a disease, transmitted to humans through infected meat, the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practices associated with the risk of the disease spreading. But the meat packers refused to follow these, claiming that they would be too expensive to obey. However, when a fast-food company made the same demands after customer purchases of its hamburgers dropped, the meat industry followed immediately. The public’s task is therefore to identify which links in the supply chain are sensitive to public pressure.
Some readers may be disappointed or outraged that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practices harming the public on the public itself. I also believe that the public must accept the necessity for higher prices for products to cover the added costs of sound environmental practices. My views may seem to ignore the belief that businesses should act in accordance with moral principles even if this leads to a reduction in their profits. But I think we have to recognize that, throughout human history, government regulation has arisen precisely because it was found that not only did moral principles need to be made explicit, they also needed to be enforced.
My conclusion is not a moralistic one about who is right or wrong, admirable or selfish. I believe that changes in public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses’ environmental practices.
12 The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental damage__________.
A. is the result of ignorance of the public
B. requires political action if it is to be stopped
C. can be prevented by the action of ordinary people
D. can only be stopped by educating business leaders
13. In Paragraph 4, the writer describes ways in which the public can__________.
A. reduce their own individual impact on the environment
B. learn more about the impact of business on the environment
C. raise awareness of the effects of specific environmental disasters
D. influence the environmental policies of businesses and governments
14. What pressure was given by big business in the case of the disease mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A. Meat packers stopped supplying hamburgers to fast-food chains.
B. Meat packers persuaded the government to reduce their expenses.
C. A fast-food company forced their meat suppliers to follow the law.
D. A fast-food company encouraged the government to introduce regulations.
15. What would be the best heading for this passage?
A. Will the world survive the threat caused by big businesses?
B. How can big businesses be encouraged to be less driven by profit?
C. What environmental dangers are caused by the greed of businesses?
D. Are big businesses to blame for the damage they cause to the environment?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了企业通过破坏环境和伤害人们来获得利益，这是很正常的，但仅仅指责企业是没用的，还需发挥公众的作用和影响力。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。由第三段“Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable. (我们对企业的指责也忽视了公众的最终责任，是他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无论是直接参与也好，通过政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律，让可持续的环保政策能够盈利)”可知，公众能创造相应条件让企业通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润，公众也可以通过行动让企业从破坏环境的政策变得无利可图，概括可知第三段的主要思想是环境破坏可以通过普通人的行动来预防。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record; and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices. (公众可以通过起诉企业伤害他们来实现这一点。公众也可以通过选择购买可持续收获的产品来表达自己的意见；通过选择本国政府将有价值的合同授予有良好环境记录的企业；并通过敦促其政府通过和执行要求良好环境做法的法律和法规)”可知，在第四段中，作者描述了公众可以影响企业和政府的环境政策的方式。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段中的“In turn, big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or government pressure. (反过来，大企业可以对任何忽视公众或政府压力的供应商施加强大压力)”和“For instance, after the US public became concerned about the spread of a disease, transmitted to humans through infected meat, the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practices associated with the risk of the disease spreading. But the meat packers refused to follow these, claiming that they would be too expensive to obey. However, when a fast-food company made the same demands after customer purchases of its hamburgers dropped, the meat industry followed immediately. (例如，在美国公众开始关注通过受感染的肉类传播给人类的疾病传播后，美国政府食品和药品管理局就出台规定，要求肉制品行业放弃可能涉及疾病传播风险的做法。但是，肉类加工商拒绝遵守这些规定，声称遵守规定的成本太高。然而，当一家大型快餐公司在消费者对其汉堡包的购买量大幅下降之后也提出相应的要求时，肉制品行业在几周的时间里就屈从了)”可知，针对提到的疾病，在肉类加工商拒绝遵守这些规定的前提下，一家快餐公司（施加压力）强制其肉类供应商遵守法律。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段“It is easy to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people. But blaming alone is unlikely to produce change. It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies, and they are under obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means. (对于我们来说，指责一家公司损人利己是件很容易的事情。但指责本身不会产生改变。它忽视了如下事实：企业不是慈善机构而是赚取利润的公司，而拥有股东的上市公司有义务在法律许可的范围内为股东实现利润最大化)”，第三段“Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable. (我们对企业的指责也忽视了公众的最终责任，是他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无论是直接参与也好，通过政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律，让可持续的环保政策能够盈利)”，第六段中的“Some readers may be disappointed or outraged that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practices harming the public on the public itself. (一些读者可能会感到失望或愤怒，因为我把损害公众的商业行为的最终责任推到了公众身上)”和最后一段中的“I believe that changes in public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses’ environmental practices. (我认为，公众态度的改变对企业环境实践的改变至关重要)”可知，文章论述了企业通过破坏环境和伤害人们来获得利益，这是很正常的，但仅仅指责企业是没用的，还需发挥公众的作用和影响力，D项“大企业对环境造成的破坏应该受到谴责吗？”符合文意。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
Beating Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in the New Year
This year has continued to bring many of us closer to the pain, suffering and exhaustion of those experiencing burnout and compassion fatigue (疲倦). There is no doubt that 2021 has been filled with additional challenges. ___16___
The data is clearly showing that our workforce shares feelings of burnout. A recent Gallup report indicated that 67% of us feel burned out either some or most of the time. At an organizational level, Hogan reports that burned out employees are 18% less productive and 2.6 times more likely to be actively seeking a different job.
Fatigue and burnout arise not when we fail to get sufficient rest but when we fail to appreciate the moments of purpose and joy in our lives.
There are a few myths around burnout and compassion fatigue:
Myth 1: Burnout is an individual's problem.
Many people believe that burnout is about an individual who needs to “figure it out”. ___17___ Team structure offers critical support and leaders should create environment where team burnout is addressed.
Myth 2: ___18___
Surprisingly, the individuals most likely to experience burnout are committed employees and leaders who love their job and are highly engaged. These top performers are the people you are most likely to lose.
Myth 3: People who experience burnout are just less resilient.
Research shows a correlation between higher levels of resilience (复原力) and lower levels of burnout. ___19___ But resilience looks very different now from five years ago, and my guess is that it will continue to shift.
If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannot separate burnout from our emotions, whether they may be fear, anger, shame or guilt. ___20___
A. While fatigue is more sudden and results from carrying the pain and suffering of others, what we experience is similar.
B. Burnout results from lack of responsibility.
C. Burnout hurts individuals' enthusiasm and passion.
D. At this point, burnout and compassion fatigue has expanded into many aspects of our lives.
E. But burnout occurs at different levels and is the result from challenges to individuals teams and organizations.
F. At one point, people believed resilience was established by “sucking it up”, or “just staying positive”.
G. And the path forward requires us to deepen the relationship with feelings of joy, passion, pride and fulfillment.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了倦怠和同情疲劳以及与之相关的的几个误区。
【16题详解】
根据第二段“The data is clearly showing that our workforce shares feelings of burnout.( 数据清楚地表明，我们的员工都有精疲力竭的感觉。)”以及第三段“Fatigue and burnout arise not when we fail to get sufficient rest but when we fail to appreciate the moments of purpose and joy in our lives.(疲劳和倦怠并非在我们没有得到足够的休息时，而是在我们生活中没有目标和不能享受生活总的快乐的时刻时产生的。)”可知，第二段及第三段分别论述了疲劳和倦怠分别在工作和其他方面产生了一定的影响。所以首段会总结以总结概括的形式进行论点的提出。选项D“At this point, burnout and compassion fatigue has expanded into many aspects of our lives.( 在这一点上，倦怠和同情疲劳已经扩展到我们生活的许多方面。)”概括了倦怠和同情疲劳在生活中产生影响。符合语义。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据第五段“Many people believe that burnout is about an individual who needs to “figure it out”.(许多人认为，职业倦怠个体的问题，需要自己解决)”以及下句“Team structure offers critical support and leaders should create environment where team burnout is addressed. (团队结构提供了关键的支持，领导者应该创造解决团队倦怠的环境。)”可知，此处是承上启下的过渡句，过渡句是衔接了上句的“individual以及下句的leader和team”，选项E“But burnout occurs at different levels and is the result from challenges to individuals, teams and organizations.( 但是，职业倦怠会在不同的层次上发生，它是个体、团队和组织面临挑战的结果)”符合语义，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据第六段“Surprisingly, the individuals most likely to experience burnout are committed employees and leaders who love their job and are highly engaged. (令人惊讶的是，最有可能经历倦怠的人是忠诚的员工和领导者，他们热爱自己的工作，高度投入。)”可知，本段关于职业倦怠的误解是与员工的工作热情及对工作的投入有关，即这些人对工作的负责任的态度。选项B“Burnout results from lack of responsibility.(工作倦怠源于缺乏责任感)”符合语义，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上句“Research shows a correlation between higher levels of resilience (复原力) and lower levels of burnout.(研究表明较高的复原力与低水平的倦怠有相关性)”，以及下句“But resilience looks very different now from five years ago, and my guess is that it will continue to shift.( 但如今的韧性与五年前相比已大不相同，我猜它将继续转变。)”通过转折表明复原力发生变化，那么与之相关的倦怠也会相应变化，结合本段标题“People who experience burnout are just less resilient.( 经历过职业倦怠的人韧性较差。)”可知设空处论述职业倦怠与韧性的误解。选项F“At one point, people believed resilience was established by "sucking it up", or “just staying positive"(人们一度认为，韧性是通过“忍受”或“保持积极”建立起来的。)”符合语义，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上句“If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannot separate burnout from our emotions, whether they may be fear, anger, shame or guilt.( 如果说2021年教会了我们什么，那就是我们不能将倦怠与我们的情绪分开，无论是恐惧、愤怒、羞耻还是内疚。)”可知，过往的经历教会了我们倦怠与我们的恐惧，愤怒，羞耻，内疚等消极情绪紧密相关，那未来的日子，作者会鼓励我们建立积极的情绪，以此面对倦怠。选项G“And the path forward requires us to deepen the relationship with feelings of joy, passion, pride and fulfillment.(前进的道路要求我们加深与喜悦、激情、自豪和成就感的关系。)”符合语义，故选G。
第二部分语言知识应用(共60分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being. The arts are used to let go, ___21___ and to release.
People have been using the arts as tools for ___22___for many centuries. In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally ___23___ and has since provided meaningful therapeutic ___24___ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings. There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be ___25___ with self－expression. Expressive arts therapy focuses on the ___26___ of making art and exploring ___27___ the piece means to the individual, ___28___ the final product.
Through the arts, people can ___29___ ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words, such as negative memories and stress. It has been ___30___ that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, ___31___ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence. A free form of expression makes clients ___32___ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.
Expressive arts therapists are professionally ___33___. Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training. Knowledge in psychology is ___34___ to all training, but from there training ___35___ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically. Some professionals extend their ___36___ and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.
___37___ expressive arts therapy is unique, the clinical goal is ___38___ to other mental health professions. This ___39___ is to facilitate clients' growth and ___40___ change.
21. A. admit B. express C. examine D. trust
22. A. explaining B. proving C. healing D. judging
23. A. recognized B. relieved C. affected D. controlled
24. A. results B. experiences C. causes D. questions
25. A. angry B. bored C. strict D. free
26. A. secret B. technique C. difficulty D. process
27. A. when B. which C. what D. where
28. A. as to B. or rather C. rather than D. other than
29. A. communicate B. produce C. reject D. test
30. A. offered B. shown C. guided D. driven
31. A. create B. feel C. reduce D. recall
32. A. tired B. proud C. afraid D. unaware
33. A. hired B. served C. awarded D. trained
34. A. basic B. enough C. impossible D. strange
35. A. finally B. typically C. luckily D. hardly
36. A. visit B. life C. education D. money
37. A. If B. Although C. Unless D. Since
38. A. unequal B. friendly C. known D. similar
39. A. goal B. profession C. clinic D. theory
40. A. unwelcome B. seasonal C. positive D. cultural
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在心理学上，表达性艺术治疗借助舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、绘画等方式，把内心的真实状况表达出来，从而达到心理治疗的目的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艺术是用来放手、表达和释放的。A. admit承认；B. express表达；C. examine检查；D. trust信任。根据空前的“Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being.”（表达艺术疗法是一种利用舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、诗歌和艺术来增强人的整体健康的治疗形式。）可知，艺术是被用来表达的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直把艺术作为治疗的工具。A. explaining解释；B. proving证明；C. healing治愈；D. judging判断。根据前文“Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy”可知，艺术是作为治愈的工具。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪40年代早期，表达艺术疗法被正式认可，并从那时起在各种治疗环境中为所有年龄层的人提供了有意义的治疗体验。A. recognized认可；B. relieved宽慰；C. affected影响；D. controlled控制。根据后文的“has since provided meaningful therapeutic ___4___ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings.”可知在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可，自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. results结果；B. experiences经历；C. causes原因；D. questions问题。根据前文的“In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally ___3___ ”可知，早在在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艺术没有对错之分，我们鼓励客户自由地表达自我。A. angry生气的；B. bored无聊的；C. strict严格的；D. free自由的。根据下文的“A free form of expression makes clients ___12___ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.”可知，表达性艺术治疗鼓励人们自由地表达自我，并没有对错之分。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：表达艺术疗法关注的是艺术创作的过程，探索作品对个人的意义，而不是最终产品。A. secret秘密；B. technique技术；C. difficulty困难；D. process过程。根据空后的“the final product”可知，表达性艺术治疗注重创作艺术的过程，注重作品对于个人的意义所在，而非最终的作品。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查宾语从句引导词辨析。句意：同上。A. when什么时候；B. which哪一个；C. what什么；D. where哪儿。根据句子结构可知，设空处引导的宾语从句中means后缺少宾语。选项中只有what能作宾语，意为“什么”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：同上。A. as to对于；B. or rather更确切的说；C. rather than而不是；D. other than除了。根据前文的“Expressive arts therapy focuses on the ___6___ of making art and exploring ___7___ the piece means to the individual,”可知，表达艺术疗法强调的不是最终产品而是注重创作艺术的过程。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过艺术，人们可以交流难以用语言表达的想法和感受，比如负面记忆和压力。A. communicate交流，表达；B. produce生产；C. reject拒绝；D. test测试。根据设空后的“be hard to put into words”可知，通过表达性艺术治疗，人们可以将那些无法诉诸语言的想法和情感表达出来，进而交流。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，使用艺术可以帮助人们发展社交技能，减少焦虑，管理行为，增加自信。A. offered提供；B. shown展示；C. guided指导；D. driven驱使。根据空后的“that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, ___11___ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence.” 可知运用表达性艺术治疗能够带来诸多好处，这是研究表明的内容。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. create创造；B. feel感觉；C. reduce减少；D. recall回忆。根据“manage behavior, and increase self－confidence.”可知此处介绍的是运用表达性艺术治疗能够带来诸多好处。故应该是减少焦虑。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自由的表达方式减少了与他人比较的需求，从而使客户对自己的作品感到自豪。A. tired疲劳的；B. proud骄傲的；C. afraid害怕的；D. unaware不知道的。根据后文的“by reducing the need to compare themselves to others,”可知，自由的表达方式减少了与别人的对比，让人们对自己的作品感到自豪。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：表现艺术治疗师是经过专业培训的。A. hired雇佣；B. served服务；C. awarded奖励；D. trained培训。根据后文的“that they get the appropriate training.”可知艺术治疗师是经过专业培训的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：心理学知识是所有培训的基础，但从那里开始的培训通常包括获得咨询硕士学位，在实施艺术、音乐、诗歌和舞蹈/运动治疗方面的专门指导。A. basic基本的；B. enough足够的；C. impossible不可能的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文的“but from there training ___15___ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically.” 可知心理学知识是所有培训的基本内容。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. finally最终地；B. typically典型地；C. luckily幸运地；D. hardly几乎不。根据“getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically.”即列出的培训内容可知，这些都是比较有典型意义的培训内容，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些专业人士继续深造，获得表达疗法的博士学位。A. visit拜访；B. life生活；C. education教育；D. money钱。空后的“obtain a PhD in expressive therapy”可知，一些专家扩展教育内容。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管表达艺术疗法是独特的，但其临床目标与其他心理健康专业相似。A. if如果；B. although尽管；C. unless除非；D. since自从。根据句意，前后构成的是让步关系，句中的unique与后文的similar构成让步转折。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unequal不平等的；B. friendly友好的；C. known已知的；D. similar相似的。根据前文的“ ___17___ expressive arts therapy is unique”可知，虽然表达性艺术治疗很独特，但是临床目标与其他的心理健康行业是相似的。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是促进客户的成长和积极的改变。A. goal目标；B. profession职业；C. clinic诊所；D. theory理论。根据前文的“the clinical goal is ___18___ to other mental health professions.”可知是临床目标。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unwelcome不欢迎的；B. seasonal季节的；C. positive积极的；D. cultural文化的。根据前文“growth”可知，临床目标是促进客户的成长和积极的改变。故选C。
第二节(每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Visits to Red tourism attractions are expected to rise this year as the Communist Party of China (CPC) celebrates the 100th anniversary of ____41____ (it) founding. Their increasing popularity will not only ____42____ (strength) people’s knowledge of CPC history, but also bring significant economic ____43____ (benefit).
____44____ (recognize) as one of the most important revolutionary bases in China, Yan’an is home to 445 memorial sites. The city’s Red tourism market ____45____ (receive) 1.6 million visitors and recorded nearly 1.5 billion yuan during the past national day holiday.
“I’m quite lucky that I was born after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, but I never forget what my father told me about their hard life in the war,” Zhao Yanping, a 67-year-old visitor from Zhejiang province, said. “He told me to be grateful to the CPC, without it we could not live such ____46____ good life nowadays.”
Yang Guangyuan director of Yan’an’s publicity department, mentioned the ____47____ (big) attraction of Yan’an is the spirit, ____48____ has been passed down by generations of CPC members. “In the past 100 years, the CPC ____49____ (grow) from weak to strong, leading China’s revolution to get out of difficulty.” he said. The city now has its traditions well protected while looking forward to ____50____ (build) an energetic future.
【答案】41. its
42. strengthen
43. benefits
44. Recognized
45. received 46. a
47. biggest
48. which 49. has grown
50. building
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着中国共产党庆祝成立100周年，红色旅游景点越来越受欢迎，红色旅游景点不仅会加强人们对党史的了解，而且会带来显著的经济效益。本文主要介绍了红色旅游景点延安。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：随着中国共产党庆祝成立100周年，今年红色旅游景点的游客数量有望增加。设空处后为名词founding，设空处应为形容词性的物主代词修饰名词。故填its。
【42题详解】
考查动词。句意：它们越来越受欢迎，不仅会加强人们对党史的了解，而且会带来显著的经济效益。设空处在句中作谓语，空前为will，设空处应用动词原形的形式，句子的主语popularity和谓语之间为主动关系。故填strengthen。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应为名词的形式，空前无限定词修饰，设空处应为名词复数。故填benefits。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：延安被公认为中国最重要的革命根据地之一，有445处纪念地。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的主语Yan’an之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词作状语。故填Recognized。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：在刚刚过去的国庆假期期间，北京的红色旅游市场接待了160万游客，创下了近15亿元的记录。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语during the past national day holiday，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处应用动词的过去式的形式。故填received。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：他告诉我要感谢中国共产党，没有它，我们不可能过上今天这么好的生活。设空处后为名词life，为可数名词的单数；和空前的such构成“such + a/an + adj + n”的结构。故填a。
【47题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：延安宣传部主任杨光远提到，延安最大的吸引力是精神。设空处后为名词，设空处应为形容词修饰名词，根据空前的the，可知设空处为形容词的最高级的形式。故填biggest。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我提到了延安最大的吸引力是一代代中共党员传承下来的精神。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为the spirit，设空处应用which。故填which。
【49题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语in the past 100 years，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语the CPC和句子的谓语之间是主动关系，结合主谓一致。故填has grown。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，这座城市的传统得到了很好的保护，同时也期待着建设一个充满活力的未来。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定短语look forward to doing sth期盼作某事。故填building。
第三节(每小题1分，共20分)
51. The teacher’s explanation _________(澄清) the puzzling problem. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】clarified
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：老师的解释澄清了这个令人费解的问题。事情已发生，谓语动词clarify (澄清)用一般过去时。故填clarified。
52. The police have completed their ________ (调查) into the accident. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】investigations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方已经完成了对这次事故的调查。分析句子可知形容词性物主代词their后需要使用名词，作宾语，因此根据汉语提示及句意可知设空处“调查”应用名词形式investigation，又因为investigation是可数名词。故填investigations。
53. Yesterday three scientists came to a university where they were given a___________(盛大的) welcome. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】royal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：昨天三位科学家来到一所大学，在那里他们受到了盛大的欢迎。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词royal，修饰名词welcome，作定语。故填royal。
54. We’re looking for someone with experience in __________ (管理). （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】administration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们在找一个有管理经验的人。根据汉语提示“管理”和空前的介词in，可知，应填名词administration作宾语。此处表抽象概念，是不可数名词。故填administration。
55. In some ________(情况) people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】cases
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在一些情况下，人们不得不等好几个星期才能预约上。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“情况”对应的名词case，是可数名词，所以在some后面要用复数形式。故填cases。
56. An__________(编辑) is a person who is in charge of a newspaper, magazine, etc. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】editor
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：编辑是负责报纸、杂志等的人。根据汉语提示“编辑”可知应填名词editor，作主语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填editor。
57. The ________(过程) can be painful but it leads to greater self-awareness (自我意识). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】process
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个过程可能会很痛苦，但它会让你有更强的自我意识。分析句子，设空处应该填写名词作主语，表示“过程”应该用process，由but it leads to greater self-awareness可知，应用名词单数形式。故填process。
58. With his attention________（集中）on his book, he didn't even look up when we came in.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】concentrated##focused
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他的注意力都在书上，我们进来时，他都没抬头看看。分析句子，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构；根据括号内汉语提示，可知此处填过去分词concentrated或focused，表被动，故填concentrated/focused。
59 We should make a good ________ (印象) on our teachers on the first school day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】impression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该在开学第一天就给老师留下好印象。根据汉语提示可知，短语make an impression on“给……留下印象”符合题意，故填impression。
60. You should _________ (告知) your partners of the changes about the plans. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】inform
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你应该把计划的变化通知你的合作伙伴。告知为“ inform”，should后接动词原形。故填inform。
61. First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from __________ (expose) to the cold and radiation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】exposure##being exposed
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和动名词的被动式。句意：首先，我们穿上宇航服，它可以让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。from后用名词或动名词作宾语，expose的名词是exposure，是不可数名词，be exposed to是固定短语，意为“暴露于”，因此空格处也可用being exposed，故填exposure/being exposed。
62. Still, continuing ________ (challenge) yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to challenge##challenging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管如此，继续在精神上挑战自己，让你的大脑保持忙碌才会有所帮助。continue to do/doing sth继续做某事。故填to challenge/challenging。
63. It’s beyond ________(describe). Nowhere else in the world can there be such a beautiful and magnificent view. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】description
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：简直无法形容。世界上没有其他地方能有如此美丽壮丽的景色。根据前文介词beyond可知，此处应用describe的名词形式description作介词宾语，作为“描述”这个概念时候不可数。故填description。
64. The civil war broke out in Libya, ______(contribute) to the instability of the international oil price. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contributing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：利比亚爆发了内战，造成国际油价不稳定。contribute(是……的原因)与句子主语The civil war是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用contribute的现在分词形式作句子的结果状语。故填contributing。
65. —Whal is wrong with our campus network?
—I don’t know. It may ________(link) to the electrical circuit. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】be linked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：——我们的校园网出了什么问题？——我不知道。它可能与电路相连。动词link和主语之间是被动关系，故用其被动结构be linked，情态动词may后用动词原形。故填be linked。
66. We __________ (eager) wait for the sound of the engines. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】eagerly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们迫切地等待着引擎的声响。分析句子可知，修饰动词wait故用eager的副词形式，故填eagerly。
67. She suggests that women are under________(constantly) pressure to be abnormally thin. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】constant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她认为，女性一直处于保持异常苗条的压力之下。此处修饰名词pressure，应用形容词constant（持续的），作定语。故填constant。
68. He _________ (accuse) of cheating and was sentenced to ten years in prison. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was accused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他被指控作弊，被判处十年监禁。he和accuse为被动关系，结合“was sentenced to”可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was accused。
69. Advances in technology ________(combine) with policies have created an interconnected world.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】combined
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：技术的进步与政策的结合创造了一个相互联系的世界。 根据所给动词combine和句意可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，修饰名词advances，且二者是被动关系，所以空格处应该填入combine的过去分词形式作定语。故填combined。
70. ________(surround)by a crowd of fans, Jackie couldn’t move a bit. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Surrounded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成龙被一群粉丝包围着，动弹不得。主语Jackie与surround之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语做状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Surrounded。
第四部分写作(共两节，20分)
第一节短文改错(10小题，共10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The famous environmentalist, Professor Jin , was invited deliver a speech in our school last Friday. He started with an universally accepted theory explaining how the Earth began. We were shocking that there were so many kinds of living thing on the planet long time ago. However, he also showed how the appearance of some species happened later. It was human activities that large changed the global environment. He pointed out we should attach importance to protect the environment. It decided that we were able to continue to live on this planet in the future. I was deeply impressed by her speech. I think of it is important to protect our only home.
【答案】1.在invited后加to
2. an→a
3. shocking→shocked
4. thing→ things
5. appearance →disappearance
6. large→largely
7. protect →protecting
8. that→if/whether
9. her→his
10.删除of
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。上周五，著名环保人士金教授应邀在我们学校作一个地球是如何起源的讲座，呼吁大家要保护环境和我们赖以生存的星球。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：上周五，著名环保人士金教授应邀在我们学校发表演讲。invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事，固定搭配。故在invited后加to。
2. 考查冠词。句意：他从一个普遍接受的理论开始解释地球是如何起源的。universally是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面用不定冠词a。故将an改为a。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们感到震惊的是，很久以前地球上有这么多种类的生物。shocking —般用来修饰物，意为“令人震惊的，而shocked 一般用来修饰人，意为“感到震惊的”。故将shocking改为shocked。
4. 考查名词单复数。句意：我们感到震惊的是，很久以前地球上有这么多种类的生物。many修饰可数名词复数形式，thing为可数名词，用名词复数形式。故将thing改为things。
5. 考查名词。句意：然而，他也展示了一些物种后来是如何消失的。根据句意，可知此处表达“消失”，disappearance符合题意。故将appearance改为disappearance。
6. 考查副词。句意：正是人类活动极大地改变了全球环境。分析句子结构，此处修饰后面动词change，用副词形式作状语，largely极大地，符合题意。故将large改为largely。
7. 考查动名词。句意：他指出我们应该重视保护环境。短语attach importance to中的to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故将protect改为protecting。
8.考查名词性从句。句意：它决定了我们未来能否继续生活在这个星球上。根据句意和句子结构分析，此句为宾语从句。if或whether为“是否”，作为连接词应当宾语从句，符合题意。故将that改为if或whether。
9. 考查代词。句意：他的演讲给我留下了深刻的印象。根据上文可知，此处指Professor Jin，是男性，用his。故将her改为his。
10. 考查介词。句意：我认为保护我们唯一的家园很重要。分析句子结构，此句为宾语从句。think为及物动词，其后可直接接宾语从句。故将of删除。
第二节书面表达(满分10分)
72. 最近你班将举行一场题为Life in the future的讨论会，请根据以下要点，写一篇一百词左右的发言稿。
1.随着医学的发展，人类的平均寿命将会达到120岁。
2.由于新能源的出现，污染问题将得到控制。
3.人们的日常生活也将有很大的变化。如机器人可以为你做家务；椅子的颜色能够随着你所穿的衣服而改变；人们可以到月球上去度假。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
【答案】In the future,man's life will be very different form that of today.First,with the development of medicine,on the average,a person will live to the age of about 120.Second,because of the discovery of new energy,the environmental pollution will be under control.Third,people's daily life will change greatly,too.For example,robots will do all your housework for you;your chair will change its color to match what you're wearing; Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday.
【解析】
【分析】本文属于提纲类作文
【详解】本文属于提纲类作文，要求写一篇发言稿。要注意发言稿的格式和特殊用词。未来的事情，用一般将来时来写。要点：1.随着医学的发展，人类的平均寿命将会达到120岁。2.由于新能源的出现，污染问题将得到控制。3.人们的日常生活也将有很大的变化。如机器人可以为你做家务；椅子的颜色能够随着你所穿的衣服而改变；人们可以到月球上去度假。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合给出的开头，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，是一篇较好的范文。这篇短文使用了大量的短语，为文章增色不少，如:be different from与……不同， on the average一般来说。还使用了宾语从句For example,robots will do all your housework for you;your chair will change its color to match what you're wearing等多种句式结构，增加了文章的可读性。
2022-2023学年度高二第一学期期中检测
2024届英语试题
注意事项：
1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;
2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;
3.试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟;
4.测试范围;人教新课标U1-U4。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5, 895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8, 848. 86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6, 193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector(探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5, 140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
1. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes?
A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
B. It is covered with snow all through the year.
C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.
D. It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
2. Which mountain stands between two countries?
A. Mount Kilimanjaro. B. Denali.
C. Mount Everest. D. Mount Vinson.
3. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson?
A. An American. B. An Australian.
C. A Frenchman. D. A Japanese.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四座世界最高峰。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.（马文子火山和希拉火山已经灭绝，而基博火山处于休眠状态，可能会再次爆发。）可知，基博火山是三座火山中最危险的原因是它很可能在未来的某个时候再次爆发。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.（它位于尼泊尔和中国边境的喜马拉雅山脉。）”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于两国之间。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.（1935年，美国飞行员林肯·埃尔斯沃斯从空中发现了它。）”可知，第一个发现文森山的是一个美国人。故选A项。
B
People generally like to pick out the best-looking fruits and vegetables when shopping for produce (农产品), but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly-shaped and faulty produce at the price of 30% lower than normal-looking one.
A trial run of the ugly food line, named “Naturally Imperfect”, began with only apples and potatoes to choose from. Consumer demand has been so huge that Loblaws is going to introduce more ugly vegetables and fruits like onions and mushrooms.
All the produce that will be sold through Naturally Imperfect would otherwise have been used in juices, sauces, or soups, or have not been harvested at all. The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste, and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices. And he was right, given how popular the line has become.
“It really went well beyond our expectation,” Branson said. “I think it really spoke to the fact that Canadians are out there really looking for some options.”
Of course, Canadians know that beauty is more than skin deep, and they also recognize that they can get the same flavor and nutritional benefits in spite of appearances. The positive response (响应) to the initial offering of apples and potatoes showed the opportunity to expand the line and offer more options at a greater price to Canadian families.
“If you grow produce in your backyard, there will be a lot of produce that won’t look as pretty as what you will see in a grocery store”, said Branson. “And nature doesn’t grow everything perfectly. I’d like to think if somebody were to take a No Name Naturally Imperfect apple, put it right beside a No. 1 apple, close his eyes and eat them, there would be no difference.”
4. Loblaws is different from other supermarkets in that _______.
A. more fruits are offered at lower prices
B. normal-looking produce is forbidden there
C. imperfect produce is sold at lower prices there
D. only apples and potatoes are sold every day
5. According to Paragraph 3, Loblaws’s program _______.
A. prevents people from wasting their food
B. happens to be a win-win mode
C. teaches food producers how to grow
D. enables consumers to eat more fresh produce
6. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Canadians are used to eating perfect produce.
B. Smart consumers know the importance of ugly produce.
C. Loblaws intends to improve customers’ quality of life.
D. Customers’ support promotes the development of the ugly food line.
7. What do Branson’s words in the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. We should eat imperfect apples with our eyes closed.
B. The world is usually full of imperfect things.
C. Imperfect fruits are as tasty and nutritious as perfect ones.
D. The fruits grown by ourselves are more nutritious than those in the store.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。在超市购物时，人们倾向于选择好看的水果和蔬菜，但是加拿大的一家连锁超市正在用较低的价格吸引顾客购买品相不太好的农产品。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly-shaped and faulty produce at the price of 30% lower than normal-looking one”可知，加拿大连锁超市 Loblaws正在以低于正常品相商品价格的30%来吸引顾客，出售品相不太好的农产品。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste, and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices”可知， Loblaws的这一项目让农产品生产者和消费者双赢。故选B。
【6题详解】
段落大意题。第五段主要讲了消费者对最初提供的苹果和土豆的积极响应，显示了扩大这一产品线的机会。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段中Branson说农产品不会都长得很漂亮，闭着眼睛吃不完美的苹果和完美的苹果的口感是一样的，由此可知不完美的水果和完美的水果有一样的口感和营养价值，故选C。
C
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching one has been the inevitable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once considered suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament (装饰) to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”
Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.
Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
8. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first two paragraphs?
A. English-language newspapers with more arts coverage sell well.
B. Young readers nowadays enjoy reading high-quality arts criticism.
C. The criticism published in the 20th century lacked learned contents.
D. There were more arts reviews in English-language newspapers in the past.
9. Based on the third paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The newsprint was too cheap to make profits.
B. Not all writers were capable of journalistic writing.
C. Arts criticism was removed from the print newspapers.
D. Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.
10. Why was Cardus’s criticism no longer popular?
A. Because he mainly wrote essays on the game of cricket.
B. Because people cast doubt on his reputation as a knight.
C. Because his music criticism failed to appeal to readers nowadays.
D. Because his works were quite amateur rather than professional.
11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. The Distinguished Critics in Memory B. The Lost Horizon in Newspapers
C. The Shortage of Literary Geniuses D. The Newspapers of the Good Old Days
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要描写报纸上的高质量的艺术评论已经不复存在。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews”（对于40岁以下的普通读者来说，很难想象在大多数大城市报纸上都能找到高质量的艺术评论。然而，20世纪出版的大量最重要的批评文集中，很大一部分是报纸评论。）可知，英国的报纸过去有更多的艺术评论。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism”（很少有作家有足够的头脑或文学天赋来保持自己在新闻业的地位）可知，并不是所有作家都有新闻写作的能力。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.”（早在他去世之前，新闻品味就发生了变化，后现代主义读者觉得他所擅长的辞藻华丽的的Vicwardiam风格的散文几乎没有什么用处。）可推断，他的评论无法吸引后现代主义者。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching one has been the inevitable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.”（过去的25年间，发生在英文报纸上的所有变化中，影响深远的变化可能就是其艺术报道上的范畴和严肃性的不可避免的衰退。）以及最后一段“Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.”（此外，音乐批评的业余传统也在一路退却。）可知，本文主要描写报纸上的高质量的艺术评论已经不复存在，即报纸评论现象的消失。故B项“报纸上消失的范畴”可概括主题，选项中的“Horizon”在此指代“界限；范畴”，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
D
The environmental practices of big businesses are shaped by a fundamental fact that offends our sense of justice. A business may maximize the amount of money it makes by damaging the environment and hurting people. When government regulation is effective, and the public is environmentally aware, environmentally clean big businesses may out-compete dirty ones, but the reverse is likely to be true if government regulation is ineffective and the public doesn’t care.
It is easy to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people. But blaming alone is unlikely to produce change. It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies, and they are under obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means.
Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable.
The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record; and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices.
In turn, big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or government pressure. For instance, after the US public became concerned about the spread of a disease, transmitted to humans through infected meat, the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practices associated with the risk of the disease spreading. But the meat packers refused to follow these, claiming that they would be too expensive to obey. However, when a fast-food company made the same demands after customer purchases of its hamburgers dropped, the meat industry followed immediately. The public’s task is therefore to identify which links in the supply chain are sensitive to public pressure.
Some readers may be disappointed or outraged that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practices harming the public on the public itself. I also believe that the public must accept the necessity for higher prices for products to cover the added costs of sound environmental practices. My views may seem to ignore the belief that businesses should act in accordance with moral principles even if this leads to a reduction in their profits. But I think we have to recognize that, throughout human history, government regulation has arisen precisely because it was found that not only did moral principles need to be made explicit, they also needed to be enforced.
My conclusion is not a moralistic one about who is right or wrong, admirable or selfish. I believe that changes in public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses’ environmental practices.
12 The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental damage__________.
A. is the result of ignorance of the public
B. requires political action if it is to be stopped
C. can be prevented by the action of ordinary people
D. can only be stopped by educating business leaders
13. In Paragraph 4, the writer describes ways in which the public can__________.
A. reduce their own individual impact on the environment
B. learn more about the impact of business on the environment
C. raise awareness of the effects of specific environmental disasters
D. influence the environmental policies of businesses and governments
14. What pressure was given by big business in the case of the disease mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A. Meat packers stopped supplying hamburgers to fast-food chains.
B. Meat packers persuaded the government to reduce their expenses.
C. A fast-food company forced their meat suppliers to follow the law.
D. A fast-food company encouraged the government to introduce regulations.
15. What would be the best heading for this passage?
A. Will the world survive the threat caused by big businesses?
B. How can big businesses be encouraged to be less driven by profit?
C. What environmental dangers are caused by the greed of businesses?
D. Are big businesses to blame for the damage they cause to the environment?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了企业通过破坏环境和伤害人们来获得利益，这是很正常的，但仅仅指责企业是没用的，还需发挥公众的作用和影响力。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。由第三段“Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable. (我们对企业的指责也忽视了公众的最终责任，是他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无论是直接参与也好，通过政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律，让可持续的环保政策能够盈利)”可知，公众能创造相应条件让企业通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润，公众也可以通过行动让企业从破坏环境的政策变得无利可图，概括可知第三段的主要思想是环境破坏可以通过普通人的行动来预防。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record; and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices. (公众可以通过起诉企业伤害他们来实现这一点。公众也可以通过选择购买可持续收获的产品来表达自己的意见；通过选择本国政府将有价值的合同授予有良好环境记录的企业；并通过敦促其政府通过和执行要求良好环境做法的法律和法规)”可知，在第四段中，作者描述了公众可以影响企业和政府的环境政策的方式。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段中的“In turn, big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or government pressure. (反过来，大企业可以对任何忽视公众或政府压力的供应商施加强大压力)”和“For instance, after the US public became concerned about the spread of a disease, transmitted to humans through infected meat, the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practices associated with the risk of the disease spreading. But the meat packers refused to follow these, claiming that they would be too expensive to obey. However, when a fast-food company made the same demands after customer purchases of its hamburgers dropped, the meat industry followed immediately. (例如，在美国公众开始关注通过受感染的肉类传播给人类的疾病传播后，美国政府食品和药品管理局就出台规定，要求肉制品行业放弃可能涉及疾病传播风险的做法。但是，肉类加工商拒绝遵守这些规定，声称遵守规定的成本太高。然而，当一家大型快餐公司在消费者对其汉堡包的购买量大幅下降之后也提出相应的要求时，肉制品行业在几周的时间里就屈从了)”可知，针对提到的疾病，在肉类加工商拒绝遵守这些规定的前提下，一家快餐公司（施加压力）强制其肉类供应商遵守法律。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段“It is easy to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people. But blaming alone is unlikely to produce change. It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies, and they are under obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means. (对于我们来说，指责一家公司损人利己是件很容易的事情。但指责本身不会产生改变。它忽视了如下事实：企业不是慈善机构而是赚取利润的公司，而拥有股东的上市公司有义务在法律许可的范围内为股东实现利润最大化)”，第三段“Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable. (我们对企业的指责也忽视了公众的最终责任，是他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无论是直接参与也好，通过政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律，让可持续的环保政策能够盈利)”，第六段中的“Some readers may be disappointed or outraged that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practices harming the public on the public itself. (一些读者可能会感到失望或愤怒，因为我把损害公众的商业行为的最终责任推到了公众身上)”和最后一段中的“I believe that changes in public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses’ environmental practices. (我认为，公众态度的改变对企业环境实践的改变至关重要)”可知，文章论述了企业通过破坏环境和伤害人们来获得利益，这是很正常的，但仅仅指责企业是没用的，还需发挥公众的作用和影响力，D项“大企业对环境造成的破坏应该受到谴责吗？”符合文意。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
Beating Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in the New Year
This year has continued to bring many of us closer to the pain, suffering and exhaustion of those experiencing burnout and compassion fatigue (疲倦). There is no doubt that 2021 has been filled with additional challenges. ___16___
The data is clearly showing that our workforce shares feelings of burnout. A recent Gallup report indicated that 67% of us feel burned out either some or most of the time. At an organizational level, Hogan reports that burned out employees are 18% less productive and 2.6 times more likely to be actively seeking a different job.
Fatigue and burnout arise not when we fail to get sufficient rest but when we fail to appreciate the moments of purpose and joy in our lives.
There are a few myths around burnout and compassion fatigue:
Myth 1: Burnout is an individual's problem.
Many people believe that burnout is about an individual who needs to “figure it out”. ___17___ Team structure offers critical support and leaders should create environment where team burnout is addressed.
Myth 2: ___18___
Surprisingly, the individuals most likely to experience burnout are committed employees and leaders who love their job and are highly engaged. These top performers are the people you are most likely to lose.
Myth 3: People who experience burnout are just less resilient.
Research shows a correlation between higher levels of resilience (复原力) and lower levels of burnout. ___19___ But resilience looks very different now from five years ago, and my guess is that it will continue to shift.
If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannot separate burnout from our emotions, whether they may be fear, anger, shame or guilt. ___20___
A. While fatigue is more sudden and results from carrying the pain and suffering of others, what we experience is similar.
B. Burnout results from lack of responsibility.
C. Burnout hurts individuals' enthusiasm and passion.
D. At this point, burnout and compassion fatigue has expanded into many aspects of our lives.
E. But burnout occurs at different levels and is the result from challenges to individuals teams and organizations.
F. At one point, people believed resilience was established by “sucking it up”, or “just staying positive”.
G. And the path forward requires us to deepen the relationship with feelings of joy, passion, pride and fulfillment.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了倦怠和同情疲劳以及与之相关的的几个误区。
【16题详解】
根据第二段“The data is clearly showing that our workforce shares feelings of burnout.( 数据清楚地表明，我们的员工都有精疲力竭的感觉。)”以及第三段“Fatigue and burnout arise not when we fail to get sufficient rest but when we fail to appreciate the moments of purpose and joy in our lives.(疲劳和倦怠并非在我们没有得到足够的休息时，而是在我们生活中没有目标和不能享受生活总的快乐的时刻时产生的。)”可知，第二段及第三段分别论述了疲劳和倦怠分别在工作和其他方面产生了一定的影响。所以首段会总结以总结概括的形式进行论点的提出。选项D“At this point, burnout and compassion fatigue has expanded into many aspects of our lives.( 在这一点上，倦怠和同情疲劳已经扩展到我们生活的许多方面。)”概括了倦怠和同情疲劳在生活中产生影响。符合语义。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据第五段“Many people believe that burnout is about an individual who needs to “figure it out”.(许多人认为，职业倦怠个体的问题，需要自己解决)”以及下句“Team structure offers critical support and leaders should create environment where team burnout is addressed. (团队结构提供了关键的支持，领导者应该创造解决团队倦怠的环境。)”可知，此处是承上启下的过渡句，过渡句是衔接了上句的“individual以及下句的leader和team”，选项E“But burnout occurs at different levels and is the result from challenges to individuals, teams and organizations.( 但是，职业倦怠会在不同的层次上发生，它是个体、团队和组织面临挑战的结果)”符合语义，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据第六段“Surprisingly, the individuals most likely to experience burnout are committed employees and leaders who love their job and are highly engaged. (令人惊讶的是，最有可能经历倦怠的人是忠诚的员工和领导者，他们热爱自己的工作，高度投入。)”可知，本段关于职业倦怠的误解是与员工的工作热情及对工作的投入有关，即这些人对工作的负责任的态度。选项B“Burnout results from lack of responsibility.(工作倦怠源于缺乏责任感)”符合语义，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上句“Research shows a correlation between higher levels of resilience (复原力) and lower levels of burnout.(研究表明较高的复原力与低水平的倦怠有相关性)”，以及下句“But resilience looks very different now from five years ago, and my guess is that it will continue to shift.( 但如今的韧性与五年前相比已大不相同，我猜它将继续转变。)”通过转折表明复原力发生变化，那么与之相关的倦怠也会相应变化，结合本段标题“People who experience burnout are just less resilient.( 经历过职业倦怠的人韧性较差。)”可知设空处论述职业倦怠与韧性的误解。选项F“At one point, people believed resilience was established by "sucking it up", or “just staying positive"(人们一度认为，韧性是通过“忍受”或“保持积极”建立起来的。)”符合语义，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上句“If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannot separate burnout from our emotions, whether they may be fear, anger, shame or guilt.( 如果说2021年教会了我们什么，那就是我们不能将倦怠与我们的情绪分开，无论是恐惧、愤怒、羞耻还是内疚。)”可知，过往的经历教会了我们倦怠与我们的恐惧，愤怒，羞耻，内疚等消极情绪紧密相关，那未来的日子，作者会鼓励我们建立积极的情绪，以此面对倦怠。选项G“And the path forward requires us to deepen the relationship with feelings of joy, passion, pride and fulfillment.(前进的道路要求我们加深与喜悦、激情、自豪和成就感的关系。)”符合语义，故选G。
第二部分语言知识应用(共60分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being. The arts are used to let go, ___21___ and to release.
People have been using the arts as tools for ___22___for many centuries. In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally ___23___ and has since provided meaningful therapeutic ___24___ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings. There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be ___25___ with self－expression. Expressive arts therapy focuses on the ___26___ of making art and exploring ___27___ the piece means to the individual, ___28___ the final product.
Through the arts, people can ___29___ ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words, such as negative memories and stress. It has been ___30___ that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, ___31___ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence. A free form of expression makes clients ___32___ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.
Expressive arts therapists are professionally ___33___. Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training. Knowledge in psychology is ___34___ to all training, but from there training ___35___ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically. Some professionals extend their ___36___ and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.
___37___ expressive arts therapy is unique, the clinical goal is ___38___ to other mental health professions. This ___39___ is to facilitate clients' growth and ___40___ change.
21. A. admit B. express C. examine D. trust
22. A. explaining B. proving C. healing D. judging
23. A. recognized B. relieved C. affected D. controlled
24. A. results B. experiences C. causes D. questions
25. A. angry B. bored C. strict D. free
26. A. secret B. technique C. difficulty D. process
27. A. when B. which C. what D. where
28. A. as to B. or rather C. rather than D. other than
29. A. communicate B. produce C. reject D. test
30. A. offered B. shown C. guided D. driven
31. A. create B. feel C. reduce D. recall
32. A. tired B. proud C. afraid D. unaware
33. A. hired B. served C. awarded D. trained
34. A. basic B. enough C. impossible D. strange
35. A. finally B. typically C. luckily D. hardly
36. A. visit B. life C. education D. money
37. A. If B. Although C. Unless D. Since
38. A. unequal B. friendly C. known D. similar
39. A. goal B. profession C. clinic D. theory
40. A. unwelcome B. seasonal C. positive D. cultural
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在心理学上，表达性艺术治疗借助舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、绘画等方式，把内心的真实状况表达出来，从而达到心理治疗的目的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艺术是用来放手、表达和释放的。A. admit承认；B. express表达；C. examine检查；D. trust信任。根据空前的“Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being.”（表达艺术疗法是一种利用舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、诗歌和艺术来增强人的整体健康的治疗形式。）可知，艺术是被用来表达的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直把艺术作为治疗的工具。A. explaining解释；B. proving证明；C. healing治愈；D. judging判断。根据前文“Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy”可知，艺术是作为治愈的工具。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪40年代早期，表达艺术疗法被正式认可，并从那时起在各种治疗环境中为所有年龄层的人提供了有意义的治疗体验。A. recognized认可；B. relieved宽慰；C. affected影响；D. controlled控制。根据后文的“has since provided meaningful therapeutic ___4___ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings.”可知在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可，自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. results结果；B. experiences经历；C. causes原因；D. questions问题。根据前文的“In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally ___3___ ”可知，早在在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艺术没有对错之分，我们鼓励客户自由地表达自我。A. angry生气的；B. bored无聊的；C. strict严格的；D. free自由的。根据下文的“A free form of expression makes clients ___12___ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.”可知，表达性艺术治疗鼓励人们自由地表达自我，并没有对错之分。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：表达艺术疗法关注的是艺术创作的过程，探索作品对个人的意义，而不是最终产品。A. secret秘密；B. technique技术；C. difficulty困难；D. process过程。根据空后的“the final product”可知，表达性艺术治疗注重创作艺术的过程，注重作品对于个人的意义所在，而非最终的作品。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查宾语从句引导词辨析。句意：同上。A. when什么时候；B. which哪一个；C. what什么；D. where哪儿。根据句子结构可知，设空处引导的宾语从句中means后缺少宾语。选项中只有what能作宾语，意为“什么”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：同上。A. as to对于；B. or rather更确切的说；C. rather than而不是；D. other than除了。根据前文的“Expressive arts therapy focuses on the ___6___ of making art and exploring ___7___ the piece means to the individual,”可知，表达艺术疗法强调的不是最终产品而是注重创作艺术的过程。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过艺术，人们可以交流难以用语言表达的想法和感受，比如负面记忆和压力。A. communicate交流，表达；B. produce生产；C. reject拒绝；D. test测试。根据设空后的“be hard to put into words”可知，通过表达性艺术治疗，人们可以将那些无法诉诸语言的想法和情感表达出来，进而交流。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，使用艺术可以帮助人们发展社交技能，减少焦虑，管理行为，增加自信。A. offered提供；B. shown展示；C. guided指导；D. driven驱使。根据空后的“that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, ___11___ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence.” 可知运用表达性艺术治疗能够带来诸多好处，这是研究表明的内容。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. create创造；B. feel感觉；C. reduce减少；D. recall回忆。根据“manage behavior, and increase self－confidence.”可知此处介绍的是运用表达性艺术治疗能够带来诸多好处。故应该是减少焦虑。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自由的表达方式减少了与他人比较的需求，从而使客户对自己的作品感到自豪。A. tired疲劳的；B. proud骄傲的；C. afraid害怕的；D. unaware不知道的。根据后文的“by reducing the need to compare themselves to others,”可知，自由的表达方式减少了与别人的对比，让人们对自己的作品感到自豪。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：表现艺术治疗师是经过专业培训的。A. hired雇佣；B. served服务；C. awarded奖励；D. trained培训。根据后文的“that they get the appropriate training.”可知艺术治疗师是经过专业培训的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：心理学知识是所有培训的基础，但从那里开始的培训通常包括获得咨询硕士学位，在实施艺术、音乐、诗歌和舞蹈/运动治疗方面的专门指导。A. basic基本的；B. enough足够的；C. impossible不可能的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文的“but from there training ___15___ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically.” 可知心理学知识是所有培训的基本内容。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. finally最终地；B. typically典型地；C. luckily幸运地；D. hardly几乎不。根据“getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically.”即列出的培训内容可知，这些都是比较有典型意义的培训内容，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些专业人士继续深造，获得表达疗法的博士学位。A. visit拜访；B. life生活；C. education教育；D. money钱。空后的“obtain a PhD in expressive therapy”可知，一些专家扩展教育内容。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管表达艺术疗法是独特的，但其临床目标与其他心理健康专业相似。A. if如果；B. although尽管；C. unless除非；D. since自从。根据句意，前后构成的是让步关系，句中的unique与后文的similar构成让步转折。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unequal不平等的；B. friendly友好的；C. known已知的；D. similar相似的。根据前文的“ ___17___ expressive arts therapy is unique”可知，虽然表达性艺术治疗很独特，但是临床目标与其他的心理健康行业是相似的。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是促进客户的成长和积极的改变。A. goal目标；B. profession职业；C. clinic诊所；D. theory理论。根据前文的“the clinical goal is ___18___ to other mental health professions.”可知是临床目标。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unwelcome不欢迎的；B. seasonal季节的；C. positive积极的；D. cultural文化的。根据前文“growth”可知，临床目标是促进客户的成长和积极的改变。故选C。
第二节(每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Visits to Red tourism attractions are expected to rise this year as the Communist Party of China (CPC) celebrates the 100th anniversary of ____41____ (it) founding. Their increasing popularity will not only ____42____ (strength) people’s knowledge of CPC history, but also bring significant economic ____43____ (benefit).
____44____ (recognize) as one of the most important revolutionary bases in China, Yan’an is home to 445 memorial sites. The city’s Red tourism market ____45____ (receive) 1.6 million visitors and recorded nearly 1.5 billion yuan during the past national day holiday.
“I’m quite lucky that I was born after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, but I never forget what my father told me about their hard life in the war,” Zhao Yanping, a 67-year-old visitor from Zhejiang province, said. “He told me to be grateful to the CPC, without it we could not live such ____46____ good life nowadays.”
Yang Guangyuan director of Yan’an’s publicity department, mentioned the ____47____ (big) attraction of Yan’an is the spirit, ____48____ has been passed down by generations of CPC members. “In the past 100 years, the CPC ____49____ (grow) from weak to strong, leading China’s revolution to get out of difficulty.” he said. The city now has its traditions well protected while looking forward to ____50____ (build) an energetic future.
【答案】41. its
42. strengthen
43. benefits
44. Recognized
45. received 46. a
47. biggest
48. which 49. has grown
50. building
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着中国共产党庆祝成立100周年，红色旅游景点越来越受欢迎，红色旅游景点不仅会加强人们对党史的了解，而且会带来显著的经济效益。本文主要介绍了红色旅游景点延安。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：随着中国共产党庆祝成立100周年，今年红色旅游景点的游客数量有望增加。设空处后为名词founding，设空处应为形容词性的物主代词修饰名词。故填its。
【42题详解】
考查动词。句意：它们越来越受欢迎，不仅会加强人们对党史的了解，而且会带来显著的经济效益。设空处在句中作谓语，空前为will，设空处应用动词原形的形式，句子的主语popularity和谓语之间为主动关系。故填strengthen。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应为名词的形式，空前无限定词修饰，设空处应为名词复数。故填benefits。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：延安被公认为中国最重要的革命根据地之一，有445处纪念地。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的主语Yan’an之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词作状语。故填Recognized。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：在刚刚过去的国庆假期期间，北京的红色旅游市场接待了160万游客，创下了近15亿元的记录。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语during the past national day holiday，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处应用动词的过去式的形式。故填received。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：他告诉我要感谢中国共产党，没有它，我们不可能过上今天这么好的生活。设空处后为名词life，为可数名词的单数；和空前的such构成“such + a/an + adj + n”的结构。故填a。
【47题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：延安宣传部主任杨光远提到，延安最大的吸引力是精神。设空处后为名词，设空处应为形容词修饰名词，根据空前的the，可知设空处为形容词的最高级的形式。故填biggest。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我提到了延安最大的吸引力是一代代中共党员传承下来的精神。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为the spirit，设空处应用which。故填which。
【49题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语in the past 100 years，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语the CPC和句子的谓语之间是主动关系，结合主谓一致。故填has grown。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，这座城市的传统得到了很好的保护，同时也期待着建设一个充满活力的未来。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定短语look forward to doing sth期盼作某事。故填building。
第三节(每小题1分，共20分)
51. The teacher’s explanation _________(澄清) the puzzling problem. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】clarified
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：老师的解释澄清了这个令人费解的问题。事情已发生，谓语动词clarify (澄清)用一般过去时。故填clarified。
52. The police have completed their ________ (调查) into the accident. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】investigations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方已经完成了对这次事故的调查。分析句子可知形容词性物主代词their后需要使用名词，作宾语，因此根据汉语提示及句意可知设空处“调查”应用名词形式investigation，又因为investigation是可数名词。故填investigations。
53. Yesterday three scientists came to a university where they were given a___________(盛大的) welcome. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】royal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：昨天三位科学家来到一所大学，在那里他们受到了盛大的欢迎。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词royal，修饰名词welcome，作定语。故填royal。
54. We’re looking for someone with experience in __________ (管理). （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】administration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们在找一个有管理经验的人。根据汉语提示“管理”和空前的介词in，可知，应填名词administration作宾语。此处表抽象概念，是不可数名词。故填administration。
55. In some ________(情况) people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】cases
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在一些情况下，人们不得不等好几个星期才能预约上。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“情况”对应的名词case，是可数名词，所以在some后面要用复数形式。故填cases。
56. An__________(编辑) is a person who is in charge of a newspaper, magazine, etc. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】editor
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：编辑是负责报纸、杂志等的人。根据汉语提示“编辑”可知应填名词editor，作主语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填editor。
57. The ________(过程) can be painful but it leads to greater self-awareness (自我意识). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】process
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个过程可能会很痛苦，但它会让你有更强的自我意识。分析句子，设空处应该填写名词作主语，表示“过程”应该用process，由but it leads to greater self-awareness可知，应用名词单数形式。故填process。
58. With his attention________（集中）on his book, he didn't even look up when we came in.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】concentrated##focused
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他的注意力都在书上，我们进来时，他都没抬头看看。分析句子，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构；根据括号内汉语提示，可知此处填过去分词concentrated或focused，表被动，故填concentrated/focused。
59 We should make a good ________ (印象) on our teachers on the first school day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】impression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该在开学第一天就给老师留下好印象。根据汉语提示可知，短语make an impression on“给……留下印象”符合题意，故填impression。
60. You should _________ (告知) your partners of the changes about the plans. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】inform
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你应该把计划的变化通知你的合作伙伴。告知为“ inform”，should后接动词原形。故填inform。
61. First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from __________ (expose) to the cold and radiation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】exposure##being exposed
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和动名词的被动式。句意：首先，我们穿上宇航服，它可以让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。from后用名词或动名词作宾语，expose的名词是exposure，是不可数名词，be exposed to是固定短语，意为“暴露于”，因此空格处也可用being exposed，故填exposure/being exposed。
62. Still, continuing ________ (challenge) yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to challenge##challenging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管如此，继续在精神上挑战自己，让你的大脑保持忙碌才会有所帮助。continue to do/doing sth继续做某事。故填to challenge/challenging。
63. It’s beyond ________(describe). Nowhere else in the world can there be such a beautiful and magnificent view. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】description
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：简直无法形容。世界上没有其他地方能有如此美丽壮丽的景色。根据前文介词beyond可知，此处应用describe的名词形式description作介词宾语，作为“描述”这个概念时候不可数。故填description。
64. The civil war broke out in Libya, ______(contribute) to the instability of the international oil price. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contributing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：利比亚爆发了内战，造成国际油价不稳定。contribute(是……的原因)与句子主语The civil war是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用contribute的现在分词形式作句子的结果状语。故填contributing。
65. —Whal is wrong with our campus network?
—I don’t know. It may ________(link) to the electrical circuit. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】be linked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：——我们的校园网出了什么问题？——我不知道。它可能与电路相连。动词link和主语之间是被动关系，故用其被动结构be linked，情态动词may后用动词原形。故填be linked。
66. We __________ (eager) wait for the sound of the engines. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】eagerly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们迫切地等待着引擎的声响。分析句子可知，修饰动词wait故用eager的副词形式，故填eagerly。
67. She suggests that women are under________(constantly) pressure to be abnormally thin. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】constant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她认为，女性一直处于保持异常苗条的压力之下。此处修饰名词pressure，应用形容词constant（持续的），作定语。故填constant。
68. He _________ (accuse) of cheating and was sentenced to ten years in prison. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was accused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他被指控作弊，被判处十年监禁。he和accuse为被动关系，结合“was sentenced to”可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was accused。
69. Advances in technology ________(combine) with policies have created an interconnected world.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】combined
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：技术的进步与政策的结合创造了一个相互联系的世界。 根据所给动词combine和句意可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，修饰名词advances，且二者是被动关系，所以空格处应该填入combine的过去分词形式作定语。故填combined。
70. ________(surround)by a crowd of fans, Jackie couldn’t move a bit. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Surrounded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成龙被一群粉丝包围着，动弹不得。主语Jackie与surround之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语做状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Surrounded。
第四部分写作(共两节，20分)
第一节短文改错(10小题，共10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The famous environmentalist, Professor Jin , was invited deliver a speech in our school last Friday. He started with an universally accepted theory explaining how the Earth began. We were shocking that there were so many kinds of living thing on the planet long time ago. However, he also showed how the appearance of some species happened later. It was human activities that large changed the global environment. He pointed out we should attach importance to protect the environment. It decided that we were able to continue to live on this planet in the future. I was deeply impressed by her speech. I think of it is important to protect our only home.
【答案】1.在invited后加to
2. an→a
3. shocking→shocked
4. thing→ things
5. appearance →disappearance
6. large→largely
7. protect →protecting
8. that→if/whether
9. her→his
10.删除of
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。上周五，著名环保人士金教授应邀在我们学校作一个地球是如何起源的讲座，呼吁大家要保护环境和我们赖以生存的星球。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：上周五，著名环保人士金教授应邀在我们学校发表演讲。invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事，固定搭配。故在invited后加to。
2. 考查冠词。句意：他从一个普遍接受的理论开始解释地球是如何起源的。universally是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面用不定冠词a。故将an改为a。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们感到震惊的是，很久以前地球上有这么多种类的生物。shocking —般用来修饰物，意为“令人震惊的，而shocked 一般用来修饰人，意为“感到震惊的”。故将shocking改为shocked。
4. 考查名词单复数。句意：我们感到震惊的是，很久以前地球上有这么多种类的生物。many修饰可数名词复数形式，thing为可数名词，用名词复数形式。故将thing改为things。
5. 考查名词。句意：然而，他也展示了一些物种后来是如何消失的。根据句意，可知此处表达“消失”，disappearance符合题意。故将appearance改为disappearance。
6. 考查副词。句意：正是人类活动极大地改变了全球环境。分析句子结构，此处修饰后面动词change，用副词形式作状语，largely极大地，符合题意。故将large改为largely。
7. 考查动名词。句意：他指出我们应该重视保护环境。短语attach importance to中的to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故将protect改为protecting。
8.考查名词性从句。句意：它决定了我们未来能否继续生活在这个星球上。根据句意和句子结构分析，此句为宾语从句。if或whether为“是否”，作为连接词应当宾语从句，符合题意。故将that改为if或whether。
9. 考查代词。句意：他的演讲给我留下了深刻的印象。根据上文可知，此处指Professor Jin，是男性，用his。故将her改为his。
10. 考查介词。句意：我认为保护我们唯一的家园很重要。分析句子结构，此句为宾语从句。think为及物动词，其后可直接接宾语从句。故将of删除。
第二节书面表达(满分10分)
72. 最近你班将举行一场题为Life in the future的讨论会，请根据以下要点，写一篇一百词左右的发言稿。
1.随着医学的发展，人类的平均寿命将会达到120岁。
2.由于新能源的出现，污染问题将得到控制。
3.人们的日常生活也将有很大的变化。如机器人可以为你做家务；椅子的颜色能够随着你所穿的衣服而改变；人们可以到月球上去度假。
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【答案】In the future,man's life will be very different form that of today.First,with the development of medicine,on the average,a person will live to the age of about 120.Second,because of the discovery of new energy,the environmental pollution will be under control.Third,people's daily life will change greatly,too.For example,robots will do all your housework for you;your chair will change its color to match what you're wearing; Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday.
【解析】
【分析】本文属于提纲类作文
【详解】本文属于提纲类作文，要求写一篇发言稿。要注意发言稿的格式和特殊用词。未来的事情，用一般将来时来写。要点：1.随着医学的发展，人类的平均寿命将会达到120岁。2.由于新能源的出现，污染问题将得到控制。3.人们的日常生活也将有很大的变化。如机器人可以为你做家务；椅子的颜色能够随着你所穿的衣服而改变；人们可以到月球上去度假。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合给出的开头，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，是一篇较好的范文。这篇短文使用了大量的短语，为文章增色不少，如:be different from与……不同， on the average一般来说。还使用了宾语从句For example,robots will do all your housework for you;your chair will change its color to match what you're wearing等多种句式结构，增加了文章的可读性。
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