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江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月度检测英语试题Word含解析
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这是一份江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月度检测英语试题Word含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分)， Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江苏省泰州中学2022——2023学年第一学期第一次月度检测
高三英语试题
第一部分 听力(共20题;每题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is Ann so upset?
A. She failed one of her exams.
B. She is worrying about other lessons.
C. She has no time to do her math homework.
2. What type of food does the woman eat?
A. Junk food. B. Healthy food. C. Delivered food.
3. What will the man probably do to stay warm?
A. Use a blanket. B. Turn on the heater. C. Drink some hot chocolate.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The man’s career.
B. The man’s travel plan.
C. The man’s plan after graduating.
5. What are the speakers’ opinions about the painting?
A. It’s simple. B. It’s colorful. C. It’s complex.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In an office downtown.
B. In an apartment downtown.
C. In an apartment in the East End.
7. What does the man want to do now?
A. Get to work.
B. Go to a restaurant.
C. Visit the woman’s company.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. How do the speakers know each other?
A. They are family members.
B. They go to the same school.
C. They teach at the same school.
9. How has the man tried to reach his brother?
A. He sent him a text.
B. He went to his house.
C. He left him a voicemail.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which subject is difficult for the woman?
A. Math. B. History. C. Chemistry.
11. When can the woman have tutoring?
A. On Tuesdays. B. On Thursdays. C. On Fridays.
12. Who is in charge of the Gifted Program?
A. Mr. Jennings. B. Mr. Hobart. C. Mrs. Lee.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What might the woman’s job be?
A. She’s a diver.
B. She’s a lifeguard.
C. She’s a swimming instructor.
14. Who called the ambulance?
A. The woman. B. One of the students. C. The man’s colleague.
15. When did the ambulance arrive?
A. Immediately.
B. Ten minutes later.
C. Twenty minutes later.
16. How did the girl react when she awoke?
A. She didn’t know what happened.
B. She went back in the pool.
C. She cried.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is making the announcement?
A. The student government.
B. The school newspaper.
C. The football team.
18. How many new teams are added this year?
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.
19. What do the music club members do?
A. They organize trips.
B. They attend concerts.
C. They have dancing nights.
20. Why should a student join a campus group?
A. To have friends.
B. To make good grades.
C. To keep up with world news.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Startup success stories to inspire you!
Flipkart
Flipkart is a widely known e-commerce(电子商务) website that provides a wide range of products. It delivers the ordered products right from the shop to your doorstep. Initially, Flipkart was a book market, but as it kept growing, it now sells almost everything. Its name currently comes in the top 5 global billion-dollar startups with a net cost(净价)of $11 billion according to the reports by Wall Street Journal.
redBus
Launched in 2016, and in just five years, the company has grown dramatically. It works to improve the booking of road transport and hotels via the online medium. Its success is a result of an out-of-the-box idea from three entrepreneurs(企业家)—Charan, Phanindra, and Sudhakar when Phanindra couldn’t visit his home during a festival due to the unavailability of a bus ticket.
Zomato
The brand was launched in 2008, and in just 13 years, it has become one of the most known and globally popular food delivery and restaurant rating platforms. It currently operates in 19 countries and covers 331,200 restaurants. Many don’t know it was initially started as Foodiebay. com. The idea was so good that it gained recognition within two years of its launch in India and went on to attain global recognition in another two years.
HestaBit
The company was a tech startup back in 2012 but has now become one of the leading mobile app, web app, and website development firms. The three founders, Dipanshu Upadhyay, Harshvardhan Lakhera, and Prashant Gautam, started the company back in their college days with a little uncertainty. However, since they moved ahead in time, they not only have expanded their business across the USA, the UK, and India, but have gained recognition from famous organizations.
1. What’s special about redBus?
A. It is devoted to creating green technology.
B. It was initially intended for college students.
C. It was inspired by an unforgettable incident.
D. It was founded earliest among the four startups.
2 Which startup was accepted by people around the world in 2012?
A. Flipkart. B. redBus. C. Zomato. D. Hestabit.
3. What do the four startups have in common?
A. They are known for delivery service.
B. They are meant to make travel easier.
C. They are intended to sell various goods.
D. They are related to network technology.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个创业成功的企业。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据redBus部分中“Its success is a result of an out-of-the-box idea from three entrepreneurs(企业家)—Charan, Phanindra, and Sudhakar when Phanindra couldn’t visit his home during a festival due to the unavailability of a bus ticket.(它的成功源于三个企业家——查兰、潘因德拉和苏达卡尔的一个创新想法，当时潘因德拉因为买不到车票而不能在节日期间回家)”可知，redBus的特别之处在于这个公司的起源来自于一个难忘的事件。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Zomato部分中“The brand was launched in 2008(该品牌于2008年推出)”以及“The idea was so good that it gained recognition within two years of its launch in India and went on to attain global recognition in another two years.(这个想法非常好，在印度推出两年后就获得了认可，并在两年后获得了全球认可)”可计算知，Zomato在2012年被世界各地的人所接受。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Flipkart部分中“Flipkart is a widely known e-commerce website that provides a wide range of products(Flipkart是一家知名的电子商务网站，提供各种各样的产品)”、redBus部分中“It works to improve the booking of road transport and hotels via the online medium(它致力于通过在线媒体改善道路运输和酒店预订)”、Zomato部分中“The brand was launched in 2008, and in just 13 years, it has become one of the most known and globally popular food delivery and restaurant rating platforms(该品牌于2008年推出，在短短13年时间里，它已成为最知名、最受全球欢迎的外卖和餐厅评级平台之一)”以及Hestabit部分中“The company was a tech startup back in 2012 but has now become one of the leading mobile app, web app, and website development firms(该公司在2012年还是一家科技初创公司，但现在已经成为领先的移动应用、网页应用和网站开发公司之一)”可知，这四个公司都与网络技术有关。故选D。
B
Mitsuhiro Iwamoto is a blind person who sailed non-stop across the Pacific Ocean. One of Mr. Iwamoto’s friends says, “He feels the waves and he can sense the speed and angle of the winds to adjust the sails properly. ” The only thing Mr. Iwamoto can’t do is see. So he teamed up with Doug Smith.
In 2013, Mr. Iwamoto tried to sail across the Pacific. But after only five days at sea, his boat was hit by a whale. The boat sank, and he spent 11 hours floating in the sea in a life raft before he was rescued. When Mr. Smith learned the story of Mr. Iwamoto’s defeat during his first attempt at crossing the Pacific, it had a big effect on him. He decided to join the trip not just to prove that they could do it, but also to collect funds for a public welfare foundation that bought medical insurance for poor children. He got in touch with Mr. Iwamoto. The two realized that they would make a good team.
It took a lot of courage to make a second attempt after the failure. But Mr. Iwamoto was determined. He began to train for the trip. He skied, ran half-marathons and marathons, and took part in triathlons(races with swimming, biking, and running). Mr. Smith bought a 12-meter sailboat from local people. They took drinking water and enough food for 60 days. The sailboat had solar panels to keep the GPS and the satellite phone charged.
On February 24, Mr. Iwamoto set out from San Diego, California on their 14,000-kilometer trip. Finally, around 9 a. m. on April 20 — after sailing non-stop for 55 days, the two arrived in Iwaka, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, “People often say that the physical illness can’t stop a person from making a difference, but I have to walk the walk to prove it, ” Mr. Iwamoto said.
4. What can be inferred about Doug Smith?
A. He spent a lot of time in the ocean.
B He had great skills in sailing the boat.
C. He worked as a guide during the trip.
D. He bought the insurance before the trip.
5. Why did Doug Smith join the trip?
A. To hunt whales.
B. To raise money for charity.
C. To rescue people lost in the ocean.
D. To be in search of fame and fortune.
6. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The preparations they made for the trip.
B The support they received from local people.
C. The equipment they bought for their training.
D. The difficulty they encountered during the trip.
7. What can we learn from this story?
A. Never look down on underdogs.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D. Be the change you want to see in the world.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了岩本光弘这位盲人，他与Doug Smith合作，克服了重重的困难，通过自己的努力，横穿了太平洋。他想告诉人们，只要去做，身体的疾病不能阻止一个人的取得自己想要的成就。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Mitsuhiro Iwamoto is a blind person who sailed non-stop across the Pacific Ocean. One of Mr. Iwamoto’s friends says, “He feels the waves and he can sense the speed and angle of the winds to adjust the sails properly. ” The only thing Mr. Iwamoto can’t do is see. So he teamed up with Doug Smith.(岩本光弘是一位盲人，他不停地横渡太平洋。岩本先生的一个朋友说，“他能感觉到海浪，他能感觉风的速度和角度，从而正确地调整帆。”岩本先生唯一不能做的就是看。因此，他与Doug Smith合作。)”可知，岩本光弘是一位盲人，所以在和Doug Smith组队航行中，Doug Smith应指导方向。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“He decided to join the trip not just to prove that they could do it, but also to collect funds for a public welfare foundation that bought medical insurance for poor children. (他决定参加这次旅行，不仅是为了证明他们能够做到，而且也是为了为一个为贫困儿童购买医疗保险的公益基金会筹集资金。)”可知，这次航行是为了证明自己以及给公益基金会筹集资金。故选B项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第三段“It took a lot of courage to make a second attempt after the failure. But Mr. Iwamoto was determined. He began to train for the trip. He skied, ran half-marathons and marathons, and took part in triathlons(races with swimming, biking, and running). Mr. Smith bought a 12-meter sailboat from local people. They took drinking water and enough food for 60 days. The sailboat had solar panels to keep the GPS and the satellite phone charged.(失败后再次尝试需要很大的勇气。但岩本先生决心坚定。他开始为旅行进行训练。他滑雪，跑半程马拉松和马拉松，参加铁人三项（游泳、自行车和跑步比赛）。Smith 先生从当地人那里买了一艘12米长的帆船。他们带了60天的饮用水和足够的食物。帆船上有太阳能电池板来保持GPS和卫星电话的充电。)”可知，这段主要讲岩本光弘和Doug Smith为航行做的准备。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“On February 24, Mr. Iwamoto set out from San Diego, California on their 14,000-kilometer trip. Finally, around 9 a. m. on April 20 — after sailing non-stop for 55 days, the two arrived in Iwaka, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, “People often say that the physical illness can’t stop a person from making a difference, but I have to walk the walk to prove it, ” Mr. Iwamoto said.(2月24日，岩本先生从加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥出发，开始了14000公里的旅程。最后，在4月20日上午9点左右，经过55天的不间断航行，两人抵达了日本福岛县磐冈。岩本一郎说：“人们常说，身体疾病不能阻止一个人的改变，但我必须步行才能证明这一点。”。)”以及前文可知，本文主要讲述了岩本光弘这位盲人，他与Smith合作，克服了重重的困难，通过自己的努力，横穿了太平洋。他想告诉人们，只要去做，身体的疾病不能阻止一个人的取得自己想要的成就。结合选项，B项Actions speak louder than words(行动比言语更响亮/事实胜于雄辩)符合文意。故选B项。
C
Many exceptional human skills, such as reading and mastering a musical instrument, require thousands of hours of practice and consistent cognitive effort. Popular scientific theories hold that cognitive effort is experienced as unpleasant and people try to avoid it whenever possible.
However, there are many situations in everyday life in which people seem to exert themselves (努力)voluntarily, even if there is no obvious external reward. For example, many people enjoy solving Sudoku puzzles, students are often motivated by challenging intellectual tasks, and amateur pianists can spend hours striving for perfection without any external reward.
It is based on these facts that researchers from the University of Vienna and the Technische Universitat Dresden critically questioned whether cognitive effort is always aversive(令人嫌恶的) and sought to address this question in a current project of the Collaborative Research Center(SFB) 940.
In the first experiment with 121 participants, the researchers used cardiovascular measurements (activity of the heart)to determine how hard people exerted themselves in cognitive tasks of varying difficulty levels. In one group, reward was directly determined by effort: if a person exerted more effort on difficult levels of the task, they received a higher reward than on easier levels in which they exerted little effort. In the control group, the reward was randomly assigned and was independent of how much effort someone invested. The total reward on offer was kept constant between groups, with only the contingency(可能性)between effort and reward being manipulated.
Subsequently, all subjects worked on math tasks where they could choose the difficulty level of the tasks they wanted to work on. “Subjects who had previously been rewarded for effort subsequently chose more difficult tasks than subjects in the control group, even though they were aware that they would no longer receive an external reward, ” explains Prof. Veronika Job from the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Vienna.
“The results showed the assumption that people want to take the path of least resistance may not be an inherent(固有的)characteristic of human motivation. The tendency to avoid challenging tasks could rather be the result of individual learning histories that differ depending on the reward pattern: was it mainly performance or effort that was rewarded?” concludes Thomas Goschke, Professor of General Psychology at TU Dresden and spokesperson of SFB 940.
8. With the examples in Paragraph 2, the author aims to ________
A. challenge some scientific theories
B. encourage people to make great efforts
C. inspire some research on people’s efforts
D. explain the motivation behind people’s efforts
9. What did the researchers want to find out by measuring the participants’ heart activity?
A. Their willingness to perform the task.
B. The impact of tasks on the participants.
C. The effort they put in the cognitive task.
D. Their reaction to difficult cognitive tasks.
10. What can we learn about the subjects who were rewarded for effort?
A. They were motivated to challenge themselves.
B. They always expected to receive a bigger reward.
C. They turned out to be cleverer than the control group.
D. They were able to figure out better ways to solve problems.
11. What would be the best title of the text?
A. Work hard to improve yourself
B. Learn to enjoy cognitive effort
C. It takes time for your effort to pay off
D. It is worthwhile to perform difficult tasks
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是：大众科学理论认为，认知努力的体验是不愉快的，人们会避免这种认知努力。然而现实却相反，人们愿意为不愉快的认知努力而努力和花费数小时的精力。为此文章通过实验研究揭示该现象的原因在于认知努力，会更加激发人们挑战自我的动力。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Popular scientific theories hold that cognitive effort is experienced as unpleasant and people try to avoid it whenever possible.(大众科学理论认为，认知努力是不愉快的，人们试图尽可能避免它。)”第二段中“However, there are many situations in everyday life in which people seem to exert themselves (努力)voluntarily, even if there is no obvious external reward. For example, many people enjoy solving Sudoku puzzles, students are often motivated by challenging intellectual tasks, and amateur pianists can spend hours striving for perfection without any external reward.(然而，在日常生活中有很多情况下，人们似乎是自愿地努力，即使没有明显的外部奖励。例如，许多人喜欢解决数独谜题，学生们经常被具有挑战性的智力任务所激励，业余钢琴家可以花几个小时去追求完美，而没有任何外部奖励)”可知，作者在第二段中列举的例子是为了挑战以往的一些科学理论即认知努力的体验是不愉快的，人们会努力避免这种认知努力。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the first experiment with 121 participants, the researchers used cardiovascular measurements (activity of the heart)to determine how hard people exerted themselves in cognitive tasks of varying difficulty levels(在第一个有121名参与者的实验中，研究人员使用心血管测量(心脏活动)来确定人们在不同难度的认知任务中的努力程度。)”可知，研究者们通过使用心血管测量方法来确认参与者在认知任务上付出的努力。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Subjects who had previously been rewarded for effort subsequently chose more difficult tasks than subjects in the control group, even though they were aware that they would no longer receive an external reward.(之前因为努力而获得奖励的受试者随后比对照组的受试者选择了更难的任务，即使他们知道自己将不再获得外部奖励。)”可知，因为努力而获得奖励的测试者们更加有挑战自我的动力。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“However, there are many situations in everyday life in which people seem to exert themselves (努力)voluntarily, even if there is no obvious external reward. (然而，在日常生活中有很多情况下，人们似乎自愿努力，即使没有明显的外部奖励。)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了人们愿意为不愉快的认知努力而努力和花费数小时的精力。文章通过实验研究揭示该现象的原因在于认知努力会更加激发人们挑战自我的动力。故文章最好的标题是学会享受认知上的努力，这样才会更加激发人们挑战困难的动力。故选B。
D
Daily life has its satisfactions. The perfect reply to a friend’s text message. The first after-work drink. But do any really compare to the joy of going to sleep? Somehow we have pushed this pleasure to the back of the queue. A third of American adults report sleeping less than the recommended seven hours.
For some, the problem is modern life: emails, to-do lists and screens. For other people, it’s the demands of work or family. Then there are those who can’t sleep when they try. Up to one in 10 adults could meet the criteria(标准)for insomnia(失眠).
The mix of experiences has led us to take sleeping more scientifically. A century ago, we weren’t aware that the brain’s electrical activity changes during sleep. Now there’s evidence that a lack of sleep is associated with higher risk of depression, cancer, Alzheimer’s and obesity. Research published in the European Heart Journal recently reports that heart disease was lower among people who went to sleep between 10 pm and 11 pm, no matter how long they slept.
Such research is all well and good. But after the rise of step counters, is sleep the next part of human experience that will become increasingly tracked, counted and compared? We sigh at LinkedIn users who claim to wake up at 5 am and learn Chinese. But what if people are too committed to a good sleep? Sleep researcher Matthew Walker once said, “I have a non-negotiable eight-hour sleep opportunity window. ” But for me, making one’s sleep so inflexible just strikes me as rather coldly individualistic.
Stressing ourselves out about a lack of sleep can aggravate the problem. In his book Overcoming Insomnia and Sleep Problems, Oxford professor Colin Espie writes about “orthosomnia”, where people’s attention is so focused on sleeping well that they become too anxious to do so.
Espie says we each have a sleep pattern that, like a shoe size, we figure out through trial and error. The research on bedtimes between 10 pm and 11 pm will cheer those who leave parties early and give up late-night football highlights, but it establishes no causal link. Genetically, some humans are larks(云雀)and some are owls. For an owl to try to fight their natural schedule, and sleep earlier, it wouldn’t necessarily help.
Once we were urged to sleep when we were dead. Now the enlightened tell us to sleep or we will die. I don’t really believe any of this. A good night’s sleep is a great enjoyment. As far as possible, it should also remain a simple one.
12. What docs Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. We pay too much attention to sleep hours
B. Our ancestors always suffered from a lack of sleep.
C. Our mental health is closely related to our brain activity
D. We now have a better understanding of the benefits of sleep.
13. What does the underlined word “aggravate” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Ease. B. Worsen. C. Prevent. D. Address.
14. Which of the following might Colin Espie agree with?
A. We should respect everyone’s sleep pattern.
B. An owl should try hard to go against their nature.
C. It is necessary to compare different sleep patterns.
D. We should change our sleep patterns when necessary.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show the importance of sleep.
B. To analyze the cause of insomnia.
C. To persuade people to go to bed early.
D. To reduce people’s anxiety about sleep.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了各种各样的经验使我们更加科学地看待睡眠，从而减少对睡眠所产生的焦虑。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“The mix of experiences has led us to take sleeping more scientifically(各种各样的经验使我们更加科学地看待睡眠)”可知，本段主要介绍了我们对于睡眠有了更好的认知。故选D。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据所猜词后“In his book Overcoming Insomnia and Sleep Problems, Oxford professor Colin Espie writes about “orthosomnia”, where people’s attention is so focused on sleeping well that they become too anxious to do so.(牛津大学教授科林·埃斯皮在他的《克服失眠和睡眠问题》一书中提到了“正睡眠症”，即人们的注意力过于集中在睡个好觉上，以至于他们变得过于焦虑而无法做到这一点)”可知，人的注意力集中在睡个好觉上，会给人带来更多的焦虑，从而导致问题恶化。由此推知，所猜词的意思为“恶化、加重”。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Espie says we each have a sleep pattern that, like a shoe size, we figure out through trial and error.(埃斯皮说，我们每个人都有自己的睡眠模式，就像鞋子的尺码一样，我们通过反复试验来确定)”可知，埃斯皮认为每个人的睡觉的模式都是不同的，每个人有着自己的特点。由此推知，埃斯皮认为应该尊重每个人的睡眠模式。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“The mix of experiences has led us to take sleeping more scientifically(各种各样的经验使我们更加科学地看待睡眠)”以及最后一段“A good night’s sleep is a great enjoyment. As far as possible, it should also remain a simple one(睡个好觉是一种极大的享受。尽可能地，它也应该保持简单)”可知，我们应该更加科学地看待睡眠，减少对于睡眠的焦虑。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
TVs can be recycled, and while the process may involve some legwork, it’s often worth the trouble compared with the alternative. An unwanted TV can feel like an albatross(沉的负担)around your neck especially if it’s an old one, which tends to be heavier and bulkier than newer TVs.
____16____ If the TV still works, the best option may be to sell or donate it rather than skipping ahead to recycling. If it doesn’t work, though, or if you have difficulty finding someone who wants it, you still have other environmentally responsible options.
Like many electronic devices, TVs contain a variety of materials such as plastic, heavy metals, and other toxins that can pose a pollution risk if not dealt with properly. ____17____ Even if you face no legal consequences for tossing a TV into the trash, however, there are also practical and ethical reasons why recycling is a better decision.
____18____ It is a good idea to check if your local recycling or waste-management authority accepts e-waste in some form, like special pickup days or drop-off events; just don’t expect it to be quite as easy as putting out your weekly paper and plastic recycling.
While some electronic devices like cell phones are commonly free to recycle, be ready to pay a fee for TV recycling. That might seem unfair: You’re giving away a TV full of useful materials to be recycled and reused, so why should you have to pay anything? ____19____
____20____ If the TV especially large or heavy, consider asking someone to help you carry it.
A. TVs contain both potentially harmful and potentially valuable materials.
B. Recycling of TVs and other e-waste is required by law in 25 U. S. states.
C. TVs may be recyclable, but that doesn’t mean they can go directly into your recycling bin.
D. Recycling a TV often means physically transporting it somewhere, which is tiring and needs cooperation.
E. Combined with the bulky size and heavy weight of many TVs, this adds expense to the recycling process.
F. Yet there are a few ways to dispose of a TV, depending largely on the TV’s condition and your location.
G. When TVs first arrive at a recycling center, they’re often checked to see if they can be repaired and reused.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本篇文章介绍了电视回收利用时应该注意的事项。
【16题详解】
根据“If the TV still works, the best option may be to sell or donate it rather than skipping ahead to recycling. If it doesn’t work, though, or if you have difficulty finding someone who wants it, you still have other environmentally responsible options.(如果电视还能用，最好的选择可能是卖掉或捐献，而不是跳到回收利用。然而，如果它不起作用，或者你很难找到想要它的人，你仍然有其他对环境负责的选择)”可知，在对电视回收利用之前，需要根据电视的情况以及你的所处环境来进行判断。F项“然而，有几种处理电视的方法，主要取决于电视的状况和您的位置”符合语境。F项中“depending largely on the TV’s condition and your location”和后面的语境项呼应。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据“Even if you face no legal consequences for tossing a TV into the trash, however, there are also practical and ethical reasons why recycling is a better decision.(然而，即使你把电视扔进垃圾桶没有法律后果，回收利用是一个更好的决定也有现实和道德的原因)”可知，空中应该提到有法律规定要对电视进行回收利用。B项“美国25个州的法律要求回收电视和其他电子垃圾”，B项中的“by law”和后面的“no legal”相呼应。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据“It is a good idea to check if your local recycling or waste-management authority accepts e-waste in some form, like special pickup days or drop-off events; (最好检查一下您当地的回收或废物管理机构是否以某种形式接受电子废物，如特殊的提货日或卸货活动)”可知，本段主要提到在对电视进行回收利用前要检查好是否电视能够直接进入回收站。C项“电视可能是可回收的，但这并不意味着它们可以直接进入回收站”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据“While some electronic devices like cell phones are commonly free to recycle, be ready to pay a fee for TV recycling. (虽然手机等一些电子设备通常是免费回收的，但要准备好为电视回收支付费用)”可知，本段主要说明有时电视回收是需要付一定的费用的，所以空处需要说明付费的原因。E项“因为许多电视机体积大、重量重，这增加了回收过程的费用”符合语境。而且E项中的“expense”和前文中的“pay a fee ”相呼应。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据“If the TV especially large or heavy, consider asking someone to help you carry it.(如果电视机特别大或很重，考虑请人帮你搬)”可知，本段主要提醒电视在回收的过程中需要人力运送，因为很累所以需要合作。D项“回收电视机通常意味着将其实际运送到某处，这很累，需要合作”符合语境。而且D项中的“needs cooperation”和下文中的“asking someone to help you carry it”相呼应。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I never thought that something shared on Facebook would have the power to change my life.
Pictures of what my friends ate for lunch. Pictures of my grandbaby’s latest feats. And maybe a farm game. These were the things that I thought Facebook was. ____21____ , that was how I spent too much time on it these years.
Then on a March morning, a friend’s post on Facebook caught my ____22____ , which said, “Let go of anything ____23____ and all activities that do not mirror your brightest intentions. ”
The post kept returning to my mind throughout the day. I knew my life at that point was not authentic. It was at the ____24____ of my farm-game obsession. I, along with my friends, played FarmVille. I had five different farms in five different games. All in ____25____ forms, of course. After a day’s ____26____ on the words, I decided to write them on a piece of paper and taped it on my laptop.
One afternoon, I glanced down at the words taped on my keyboard. Then I ____27____ , and saw the empty backyard outside the window. Here I was taping away on the ____28____ , while a half-acre lot outside the window lay ____29____ . Suddenly, I was struck by a(n) ____30____ —it was the time to ____31____ what the words said to my life.
I ____32____ all inauthentic activities that I used to be obsessed with. FarmVille and the other four farms were left to wither (凋零) away. ____33____ , I turned to work in my newly-claimed garden. That ____34____ I’d copied became a mirror I used to ____35____ how I spent my time and energy. Thanks to the words, I eventually have a life filled with activities and people that enrich and fulfill me.
21. A. Gradually B. Eventually C. Actually D. Immediately
22. A. breath B. attention C. curiosity D. heart
23. A. useless B. unnecessary C. worthless D. unreal
24. A. edge B. risk C. height D. cost
25. A. unusual B. virtual C. physical D. different
26. A. reflection B. concentration C. experiment D. research
27. A. turned around B. broke up C. hung around D. looked up
28. A. computer B. farm C. desk D. spot
29. A. unreachable B. unattractive C. untouched D. unfinished
30. A. advantage B. idea C. disaster D. fortune
31. A. compare B. limit C. lead D. apply
32. A. rejected B. disliked C. missed D. forgot
33. A. Otherwise B. However C. Instead D. Therefore
34. A. article B. phrase C. principle D. theory
35. A. examine B. interpret C. evaluate D. reveal
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为在Facebook上看到了朋友发的一个帖子而改变了自己以前的生活方式，从沉浸虚拟的网络世界中回归到了真实的生活的故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这就是我这些年花了太多时间在这上面的原因。A. Gradually逐渐；B. Eventually最终；C. Actually实际上是；D. Immediately立即。根据上文“Pictures of what my friends ate for lunch. Pictures of my grandbaby’s latest feats. And maybe a farm game. These were the things that I thought Facebook was. (我朋友午餐吃什么的照片。我孙儿最新壮举的照片。也许还有一场农场游戏。这些就是我认为Facebook是的东西)”可知，作者看到这些年在Facebook上面发表的照片，她觉得实际上正是这些照片是她这些年花了很多时间在Facebook的原因。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在三月的一个早上，我在Facebook上看到一个朋友的帖子，帖子上写道：“放弃任何不真实的事情，放弃所有不符合你最美好意愿的活动。”A. breath呼吸；B. attention注意；C. curiosity好奇心；D. heart心。根据空前“a friend’s post on Facebook caught my”可知，一个朋友的帖子获得了作者的关注。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后在三月的一个早上，我在Facebook上看到一个朋友的帖子，帖子上写道：“放弃任何不真实的事情，放弃所有不符合你最美好意愿的活动。”A. useless无用的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. worthless无价值的；D. unreal不真实的。根据下文“The post kept returning to my mind throughout the day. I knew my life at that point was not authentic.(一整天我都在回想起那篇帖子。我知道那时我的生活并不真实)”可知，作者注意到的帖子上写着让人们放弃不真实的事情。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我对农场游戏痴迷的巅峰时期。A. edge边缘；B. risk风险；C. height高度；D. cost费用。根据下文“I, along with my friends, played FarmVille. I had five different farms in five different games.(我和我的朋友一起玩FarmVille。我在五个不同的游戏中拥有五个不同的农场)”可知，作者回想到了对农场游戏痴迷的巅峰时期，at the height of“在……的巅峰时刻”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，这一切都是虚拟的。A. unusual异常的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. physical身体的；D. different不同的。根据上文“I had five different farms in five different games.(我在五个不同的游戏中拥有五个不同的农场)”可知，作者痴迷于玩电脑上的农场游戏，所以这些都是虚拟的。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一天的思考，我决定把它们写在一张纸上，并用胶带粘在笔记本上。A. reflection反思；B. concentration注意力；C. experiment实验；D. research研究。根据上文“The post kept returning to my mind throughout the day.(一整天我都在回想起那篇帖子)”可知，作者看到朋友的帖子之后，她一直在反思自己的生活，所以在经过一天的反思之后，她决定把它们写在一张纸上，并用胶带粘在笔记本上。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后我抬起头，看到窗外的后院空荡荡的。A. turned around转过身来；B. broke up分手；C. hung around闲逛；D. looked up向上看。根据下文“saw the empty backyard outside the window(看到窗外的后院空荡荡的)”可知，作者看到键盘上的纸条后，她抬起头来看向了窗外。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我沉迷于电脑，而窗外半英亩的土地则无人问津。A. computer计算机；B. farm农场；C. desk桌子；D. spot斑点。根据上文“I had five different farms in five different games.(我在五个不同的游戏中拥有五个不同的农场)”可知，之前作者痴迷于玩电脑上的农场游戏，所以无心打理花园。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我沉迷于电脑，而窗外半英亩的土地则无人问津。A. unreachable无法到达的；B. unattractive不吸引人的；C. untouched未动的；D. unfinished未完成的。根据上文“the empty backyard(空荡荡的后院)”和“ a half-acre lot outside”可知，之前作者痴迷于玩电脑上的农场游戏，后院空荡荡的，所以自己的后院的半英亩土地无人打理。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我被一个想法打动了——是时候把这些话应用到我的生活中去了。A. advantage优势；B. idea想法；C. disaster灾难；D. fortune财富。根据下文“it was the time to ____11____ what the words said to my life.”可知，作者突然有了一个想法，就是要回归到真实的生活中去。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我被一个想法打动了——是时候把这些话应用到我的生活中去了。A. compare比较；B. limit限制；C. lead通向；D. apply应用。根据下文“what the words said to my life”可知，作者在经过了反思这些话之后，有了一个想法，她想把学到的这些话应用到她的生活中。apply...to...“把……应用到……”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拒绝了所有我过去沉迷于的不真实的活动。A. rejected拒绝；B. disliked不喜欢的；C. missed遗漏；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“Suddenly, I was struck by a(n) ____10____ —it was the time to ____11____ what the words said to my life.”可知，作者决定回归到真实的生活中，所以她拒绝了那些不真实的活动。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我转而在我新认领的花园里工作。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Instead取而代之的是；D. Therefore因此。根据下文“I turned to work in my newly-claimed garden”可知，作者决定放弃所有过去沉迷的不真实的活动，取而代之的是，开始在花园里工作。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我抄的那句话成了一面镜子，我用它来审视我是如何花费时间和精力的。A. article文章；B. phrase短语；C. principle原则；D. theory学说。根据上文语境可知，作者从朋友的帖子里悟出了一些道理，并把这些话写到纸条上贴在了电脑上。所以作者抄的那些话语成了她的一面镜子。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我抄的那句话成了一面镜子，我用它来审视我是如何花费时间和精力的。A. examine审查；B. interpret解释：C. evaluate评估；D. reveal揭示。根据空后“how I spent my time and energy”可知，作者用那些话作为一面镜子，来审视她是如何花费时间和精力的。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study conducted twelve years ago near natural gas wells in New Mexico, researchers found that there were 75% fewer pinon pine seedlings(幼苗) in noisy sites than in quiet ____36____ . This was most likely due to the noise driving away the scrub jay(灌丛鸦), which plants thousands of pine seeds while ____37____(store) them to eat during the winter months. A research team from California Institute of Technology recently returned to the sites to find out whether the pinon pine had recovered ____38____ time.
____39____ companies changed the sites where they used noisy compressors(压缩机) to help produce natural gas, some of the ____40____(previous) noisy sites had become quiet. The researchers found that in these areas, there were still fewer seedlings ____41____(compare) to sites that didn’t have compressors added to speed up gas extraction. This shows that though the noise was removed before the pinon pine seeds ____42____(plant), they still didn’t sprout(发芽).
“The effects of human noise pollution ____43____(grow) into the structure of the woodland communities at present,” said biology professor and senior author Clint Francis. ____44____ we’re seeing now is that _____45_____(disappear) of the noise doesn’t necessarily immediately result in a recovery of ecological function.
【答案】36 ones
37. storing
38. over 39. As##Because##Since
40. previously
41. compared
42. were planted
43. are growing
44. What 45. disappearance
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了噪音的消失不一定会立即导致生态功能的恢复。
【36题详解】
考查代词。句意：12年前，在新墨西哥州的天然气井附近进行的一项研究中，研究人员发现，在嘈杂的地方，皮松苗比在安静的地方少75%。根据句意可知，此处表达“皮松苗比在安静的地方少75%”。所替代的是同名异物，表示泛指，所以用代词ones来指代安静地区的皮松苗。故填ones。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这很可能是由于噪音赶走了灌丛鸦，它们会在冬天种下数千颗松树种子，并将它们储存起来以备食用。在状语从句中，从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且有be动词时可以省略主语和be动词。主句中，which指代the scrub jay，即从句完整的形式为while the scrub jay is storing them to eat during the winter months。故填storing。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：来自加州理工学院的一个研究小组最近回到了这些地点，以查明皮松苗是否随着时间的推移而恢复。根据上文的“had recovered”以及句意可知，此处表达“随着时间的推移”，所以填入介词over构成固定短语“over time(随着时间的流逝)”。故填over。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点，一些以前嘈杂的地点变得安静了。根据句意可知，此处表达“因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点”，所以用as、because或since引导原因状语从句。故填As、Because或Since
【40题详解】
考查副词句意见上一题。修饰形容词noisy需要用副词。故填previously。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员发现，在这些地区，与没有增加压缩机以加速气体提取的地点相比，秧苗仍然更少。句子的谓语动词为were，所以此处为非谓语动词。非谓语动词compare何其逻辑主语seedlings之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填compared。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这表明，尽管在种植皮松种子之前消除了噪音，但它们仍然没有发芽。分析句子结构，此处为谓语动词。结合空格前的was removed可知，此处陈述过去的事实要用一般过去时。seeds和plant之间是被动关系。故填were planted。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：生物学教授、资深作者Clint Francis说：“目前，人类噪音污染的影响正在逐渐渗入林地群落的结构中。”分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。结合时间状语at present可知，此处表示“正在发生的事情”，所以用现在进行时。主语effects是复数，位于也用复数。故填are growing。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：我们现在看到的是，噪音的消失不一定会立即导致生态功能的恢复。此处是主语从句，在从句中see缺少“什么”含义作宾语，所以用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意见上一题。此处需要用名词作主语。故填disappearance。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周末你因故没有完成外教Mr Smith布置的影评作业，请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示歉意;
2. 解释原因;
3. 弥补措施。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m awfully sorry to tell you that I didn’t finish the film review you assigned last Friday. I’m writing to express my sincere apology to you.
Last Saturday morning, I fell ill suddenly and had a high fever. After being examined in a hospital, I was told that I would have to be in hospital for three days. It prevented me from finishing the task on time. And I would be grateful if you could give me another two days for the task.
I sincerely hope that you will understand my situation and accept my apology.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生因为上周末没有完成外教Mr Smith布置的影评作业写一封道歉信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
极其地：awfully→extremely
完成：finish→accomplish
表达：express→convey
阻止某人做某事：prevent sb. from doing sth.→stop sb. from doing sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Saturday morning, I fell ill suddenly and had a high fever.
拓展句：Last Saturday morning, I fell ill suddenly and had a high fever, which made me feel very uncomfortable
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m awfully sorry to tell you that I didn’t finish the film review you assigned last Friday. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I sincerely hope that you will understand my situation and accept my apology.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dad and Madison were walking through the party store, gathering decorations for Madison’s upcoming birthday party.
“But I don’t want to invite Lucy Gilbert! I don’t like her!”
“Madison, you are being unreasonable. If every girl in your class is invited to party but you, you’ll feel left out. It would be a big mistake not to invite Lucy to the party.”
“She never even talks to me!”
Dad sighed and moved down the aisle. “Lucy is a new girl in class. She just moved here a little over a month ago. Think about how that must feel. She doesn’t know one single person in the school. She left all of her to get to know everyone.”
“No, it won’t. She will probably sit in the corner and not talk to anyone. Every day at lunch she sits all by herself. She wants to eat alone!” Madison shrugged and rolled her eyes.
“Madison, I’m done discussing this. You will invite every girl in your class, including Lucy Gilbert!”
On Saturday morning, the family blew up balloons and decorated the house cheerfully. Madison was dressed beautifully for the day, wearing her new blue dress. It was not typical of her to dress herself like this. She usually wore sports clothes because she loved to be outside riding her horse Star with a lead rope (缰绳).
Madison greeted her friends at the doorstep, picturing various presents her friends would bring her. In the meanwhile, she was wondering whether Lucy would ruin the party if she came. Anyhow, all the girls she invited came finally, including Lucy.
The girls had a fantastic time by singing and dancing while Lucy sat in the corner silently alone. Later, all the girls gathered around the table as Madison opened her presents. Opening them one by one, Madison thanked her friends, with a bright smile on her face.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下各式作答。
Lucy’s present was the very last to be opened.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Deeply moved by what she said, Madison held the lead rope tightly in her hands.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Lucy’s present was the very last to be opened. Worrying that it would ruin the party, Madison grabbed the present reluctantly and ripped open the gift-wrap paper. Inside was a delicately hand-made lead rope! Shocked, she widened her eyes, covering her hands over her mouth. “It’s a lead rope for your horse Star. I made it by myself!” Madison pulled it out of the box and placed it on her lap, amazed at its beauty. Lucy added, “I heard you talking about your horse at school. That’s when I got the idea to make you a lead rope. ”
Deeply moved by what she said, Madison held the lead rope tightly in her hands. It was, by far, her very favorite birthday present of the day. She suddenly felt so bad because she had been so mean to Lucy. With tears swirling in her eyes, she blinked hard to fight them back, feeling a mixture of regret and gratitude. “Thanks so much for this lead rope. I love it! Would you like to join us and be our friends？” Lucy nodded cheerfully. Madison put her arm around Lucy’s shoulders, both smiling. With applause and laughter echoing through the house, Lucy joined the other girls to enjoy the party.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了麦迪逊在过生日时，邀请全体同学包括不喜欢的露西庆祝生日。露西别出心裁的生日礼物深深的感动了麦迪逊，让作者看到了露西内心深处的善良并自此与露西成为好朋友。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段段首内容“最后打开的是露西的礼物。”可知，第一段描述麦迪逊打开露西的礼物时的过程及心理状态。
②由第二段段首内容“被她的话深深地打动了，麦迪逊紧紧抓住线绳。”可知麦迪逊听到露西的话之后，心理状态发生了变化，重新认识露西并与她成为了好朋友。
2. 续写线索：打开礼物——听到露西的话——感动——心理变化——成为好友
3. 词汇激活
行为类：
①紧抓住线绳：hold the lead rope tightly/grab the lead rope tightly
②抑制：fight back/hold back
③拥抱某人：put her arm around sb./hug sb./embrace sb.
情绪类：
①惊讶：amazed at/surprised at
②感动：moved/touched
③悔恨：regret/sorry/guilty
【点睛】【高分句型1】Inside was a delicately hand-made lead rope!（运用了完全倒装）
【高分句型2】She suddenly felt so bad because she had been so mean to Lucy.（运用了because引导原因状语从句）
【高分句型3】With tears swirling in her eyes, she blinked hard to fight them back, feeling a mixture of regret and gratitude.（运用了with+宾语+宾语补足语复合结构，现在分词作状语）
听力答案：l—5ABACA 6—10CBCCA 11—15 BCBBC 16—20 AACBA
江苏省泰州中学2022——2023学年第一学期第一次月度检测
高三英语试题
第一部分 听力(共20题;每题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is Ann so upset?
A. She failed one of her exams.
B. She is worrying about other lessons.
C. She has no time to do her math homework.
2. What type of food does the woman eat?
A. Junk food. B. Healthy food. C. Delivered food.
3. What will the man probably do to stay warm?
A. Use a blanket. B. Turn on the heater. C. Drink some hot chocolate.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The man’s career.
B. The man’s travel plan.
C. The man’s plan after graduating.
5. What are the speakers’ opinions about the painting?
A. It’s simple. B. It’s colorful. C. It’s complex.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In an office downtown.
B. In an apartment downtown.
C. In an apartment in the East End.
7. What does the man want to do now?
A. Get to work.
B. Go to a restaurant.
C. Visit the woman’s company.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. How do the speakers know each other?
A. They are family members.
B. They go to the same school.
C. They teach at the same school.
9. How has the man tried to reach his brother?
A. He sent him a text.
B. He went to his house.
C. He left him a voicemail.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which subject is difficult for the woman?
A. Math. B. History. C. Chemistry.
11. When can the woman have tutoring?
A. On Tuesdays. B. On Thursdays. C. On Fridays.
12. Who is in charge of the Gifted Program?
A. Mr. Jennings. B. Mr. Hobart. C. Mrs. Lee.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What might the woman’s job be?
A. She’s a diver.
B. She’s a lifeguard.
C. She’s a swimming instructor.
14. Who called the ambulance?
A. The woman. B. One of the students. C. The man’s colleague.
15. When did the ambulance arrive?
A. Immediately.
B. Ten minutes later.
C. Twenty minutes later.
16. How did the girl react when she awoke?
A. She didn’t know what happened.
B. She went back in the pool.
C. She cried.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is making the announcement?
A. The student government.
B. The school newspaper.
C. The football team.
18. How many new teams are added this year?
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.
19. What do the music club members do?
A. They organize trips.
B. They attend concerts.
C. They have dancing nights.
20. Why should a student join a campus group?
A. To have friends.
B. To make good grades.
C. To keep up with world news.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Startup success stories to inspire you!
Flipkart
Flipkart is a widely known e-commerce(电子商务) website that provides a wide range of products. It delivers the ordered products right from the shop to your doorstep. Initially, Flipkart was a book market, but as it kept growing, it now sells almost everything. Its name currently comes in the top 5 global billion-dollar startups with a net cost(净价)of $11 billion according to the reports by Wall Street Journal.
redBus
Launched in 2016, and in just five years, the company has grown dramatically. It works to improve the booking of road transport and hotels via the online medium. Its success is a result of an out-of-the-box idea from three entrepreneurs(企业家)—Charan, Phanindra, and Sudhakar when Phanindra couldn’t visit his home during a festival due to the unavailability of a bus ticket.
Zomato
The brand was launched in 2008, and in just 13 years, it has become one of the most known and globally popular food delivery and restaurant rating platforms. It currently operates in 19 countries and covers 331,200 restaurants. Many don’t know it was initially started as Foodiebay. com. The idea was so good that it gained recognition within two years of its launch in India and went on to attain global recognition in another two years.
HestaBit
The company was a tech startup back in 2012 but has now become one of the leading mobile app, web app, and website development firms. The three founders, Dipanshu Upadhyay, Harshvardhan Lakhera, and Prashant Gautam, started the company back in their college days with a little uncertainty. However, since they moved ahead in time, they not only have expanded their business across the USA, the UK, and India, but have gained recognition from famous organizations.
1. What’s special about redBus?
A. It is devoted to creating green technology.
B. It was initially intended for college students.
C. It was inspired by an unforgettable incident.
D. It was founded earliest among the four startups.
2 Which startup was accepted by people around the world in 2012?
A. Flipkart. B. redBus. C. Zomato. D. Hestabit.
3. What do the four startups have in common?
A. They are known for delivery service.
B. They are meant to make travel easier.
C. They are intended to sell various goods.
D. They are related to network technology.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个创业成功的企业。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据redBus部分中“Its success is a result of an out-of-the-box idea from three entrepreneurs(企业家)—Charan, Phanindra, and Sudhakar when Phanindra couldn’t visit his home during a festival due to the unavailability of a bus ticket.(它的成功源于三个企业家——查兰、潘因德拉和苏达卡尔的一个创新想法，当时潘因德拉因为买不到车票而不能在节日期间回家)”可知，redBus的特别之处在于这个公司的起源来自于一个难忘的事件。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Zomato部分中“The brand was launched in 2008(该品牌于2008年推出)”以及“The idea was so good that it gained recognition within two years of its launch in India and went on to attain global recognition in another two years.(这个想法非常好，在印度推出两年后就获得了认可，并在两年后获得了全球认可)”可计算知，Zomato在2012年被世界各地的人所接受。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Flipkart部分中“Flipkart is a widely known e-commerce website that provides a wide range of products(Flipkart是一家知名的电子商务网站，提供各种各样的产品)”、redBus部分中“It works to improve the booking of road transport and hotels via the online medium(它致力于通过在线媒体改善道路运输和酒店预订)”、Zomato部分中“The brand was launched in 2008, and in just 13 years, it has become one of the most known and globally popular food delivery and restaurant rating platforms(该品牌于2008年推出，在短短13年时间里，它已成为最知名、最受全球欢迎的外卖和餐厅评级平台之一)”以及Hestabit部分中“The company was a tech startup back in 2012 but has now become one of the leading mobile app, web app, and website development firms(该公司在2012年还是一家科技初创公司，但现在已经成为领先的移动应用、网页应用和网站开发公司之一)”可知，这四个公司都与网络技术有关。故选D。
B
Mitsuhiro Iwamoto is a blind person who sailed non-stop across the Pacific Ocean. One of Mr. Iwamoto’s friends says, “He feels the waves and he can sense the speed and angle of the winds to adjust the sails properly. ” The only thing Mr. Iwamoto can’t do is see. So he teamed up with Doug Smith.
In 2013, Mr. Iwamoto tried to sail across the Pacific. But after only five days at sea, his boat was hit by a whale. The boat sank, and he spent 11 hours floating in the sea in a life raft before he was rescued. When Mr. Smith learned the story of Mr. Iwamoto’s defeat during his first attempt at crossing the Pacific, it had a big effect on him. He decided to join the trip not just to prove that they could do it, but also to collect funds for a public welfare foundation that bought medical insurance for poor children. He got in touch with Mr. Iwamoto. The two realized that they would make a good team.
It took a lot of courage to make a second attempt after the failure. But Mr. Iwamoto was determined. He began to train for the trip. He skied, ran half-marathons and marathons, and took part in triathlons(races with swimming, biking, and running). Mr. Smith bought a 12-meter sailboat from local people. They took drinking water and enough food for 60 days. The sailboat had solar panels to keep the GPS and the satellite phone charged.
On February 24, Mr. Iwamoto set out from San Diego, California on their 14,000-kilometer trip. Finally, around 9 a. m. on April 20 — after sailing non-stop for 55 days, the two arrived in Iwaka, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, “People often say that the physical illness can’t stop a person from making a difference, but I have to walk the walk to prove it, ” Mr. Iwamoto said.
4. What can be inferred about Doug Smith?
A. He spent a lot of time in the ocean.
B He had great skills in sailing the boat.
C. He worked as a guide during the trip.
D. He bought the insurance before the trip.
5. Why did Doug Smith join the trip?
A. To hunt whales.
B. To raise money for charity.
C. To rescue people lost in the ocean.
D. To be in search of fame and fortune.
6. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The preparations they made for the trip.
B The support they received from local people.
C. The equipment they bought for their training.
D. The difficulty they encountered during the trip.
7. What can we learn from this story?
A. Never look down on underdogs.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D. Be the change you want to see in the world.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了岩本光弘这位盲人，他与Doug Smith合作，克服了重重的困难，通过自己的努力，横穿了太平洋。他想告诉人们，只要去做，身体的疾病不能阻止一个人的取得自己想要的成就。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Mitsuhiro Iwamoto is a blind person who sailed non-stop across the Pacific Ocean. One of Mr. Iwamoto’s friends says, “He feels the waves and he can sense the speed and angle of the winds to adjust the sails properly. ” The only thing Mr. Iwamoto can’t do is see. So he teamed up with Doug Smith.(岩本光弘是一位盲人，他不停地横渡太平洋。岩本先生的一个朋友说，“他能感觉到海浪，他能感觉风的速度和角度，从而正确地调整帆。”岩本先生唯一不能做的就是看。因此，他与Doug Smith合作。)”可知，岩本光弘是一位盲人，所以在和Doug Smith组队航行中，Doug Smith应指导方向。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“He decided to join the trip not just to prove that they could do it, but also to collect funds for a public welfare foundation that bought medical insurance for poor children. (他决定参加这次旅行，不仅是为了证明他们能够做到，而且也是为了为一个为贫困儿童购买医疗保险的公益基金会筹集资金。)”可知，这次航行是为了证明自己以及给公益基金会筹集资金。故选B项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第三段“It took a lot of courage to make a second attempt after the failure. But Mr. Iwamoto was determined. He began to train for the trip. He skied, ran half-marathons and marathons, and took part in triathlons(races with swimming, biking, and running). Mr. Smith bought a 12-meter sailboat from local people. They took drinking water and enough food for 60 days. The sailboat had solar panels to keep the GPS and the satellite phone charged.(失败后再次尝试需要很大的勇气。但岩本先生决心坚定。他开始为旅行进行训练。他滑雪，跑半程马拉松和马拉松，参加铁人三项（游泳、自行车和跑步比赛）。Smith 先生从当地人那里买了一艘12米长的帆船。他们带了60天的饮用水和足够的食物。帆船上有太阳能电池板来保持GPS和卫星电话的充电。)”可知，这段主要讲岩本光弘和Doug Smith为航行做的准备。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“On February 24, Mr. Iwamoto set out from San Diego, California on their 14,000-kilometer trip. Finally, around 9 a. m. on April 20 — after sailing non-stop for 55 days, the two arrived in Iwaka, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, “People often say that the physical illness can’t stop a person from making a difference, but I have to walk the walk to prove it, ” Mr. Iwamoto said.(2月24日，岩本先生从加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥出发，开始了14000公里的旅程。最后，在4月20日上午9点左右，经过55天的不间断航行，两人抵达了日本福岛县磐冈。岩本一郎说：“人们常说，身体疾病不能阻止一个人的改变，但我必须步行才能证明这一点。”。)”以及前文可知，本文主要讲述了岩本光弘这位盲人，他与Smith合作，克服了重重的困难，通过自己的努力，横穿了太平洋。他想告诉人们，只要去做，身体的疾病不能阻止一个人的取得自己想要的成就。结合选项，B项Actions speak louder than words(行动比言语更响亮/事实胜于雄辩)符合文意。故选B项。
C
Many exceptional human skills, such as reading and mastering a musical instrument, require thousands of hours of practice and consistent cognitive effort. Popular scientific theories hold that cognitive effort is experienced as unpleasant and people try to avoid it whenever possible.
However, there are many situations in everyday life in which people seem to exert themselves (努力)voluntarily, even if there is no obvious external reward. For example, many people enjoy solving Sudoku puzzles, students are often motivated by challenging intellectual tasks, and amateur pianists can spend hours striving for perfection without any external reward.
It is based on these facts that researchers from the University of Vienna and the Technische Universitat Dresden critically questioned whether cognitive effort is always aversive(令人嫌恶的) and sought to address this question in a current project of the Collaborative Research Center(SFB) 940.
In the first experiment with 121 participants, the researchers used cardiovascular measurements (activity of the heart)to determine how hard people exerted themselves in cognitive tasks of varying difficulty levels. In one group, reward was directly determined by effort: if a person exerted more effort on difficult levels of the task, they received a higher reward than on easier levels in which they exerted little effort. In the control group, the reward was randomly assigned and was independent of how much effort someone invested. The total reward on offer was kept constant between groups, with only the contingency(可能性)between effort and reward being manipulated.
Subsequently, all subjects worked on math tasks where they could choose the difficulty level of the tasks they wanted to work on. “Subjects who had previously been rewarded for effort subsequently chose more difficult tasks than subjects in the control group, even though they were aware that they would no longer receive an external reward, ” explains Prof. Veronika Job from the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Vienna.
“The results showed the assumption that people want to take the path of least resistance may not be an inherent(固有的)characteristic of human motivation. The tendency to avoid challenging tasks could rather be the result of individual learning histories that differ depending on the reward pattern: was it mainly performance or effort that was rewarded?” concludes Thomas Goschke, Professor of General Psychology at TU Dresden and spokesperson of SFB 940.
8. With the examples in Paragraph 2, the author aims to ________
A. challenge some scientific theories
B. encourage people to make great efforts
C. inspire some research on people’s efforts
D. explain the motivation behind people’s efforts
9. What did the researchers want to find out by measuring the participants’ heart activity?
A. Their willingness to perform the task.
B. The impact of tasks on the participants.
C. The effort they put in the cognitive task.
D. Their reaction to difficult cognitive tasks.
10. What can we learn about the subjects who were rewarded for effort?
A. They were motivated to challenge themselves.
B. They always expected to receive a bigger reward.
C. They turned out to be cleverer than the control group.
D. They were able to figure out better ways to solve problems.
11. What would be the best title of the text?
A. Work hard to improve yourself
B. Learn to enjoy cognitive effort
C. It takes time for your effort to pay off
D. It is worthwhile to perform difficult tasks
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是：大众科学理论认为，认知努力的体验是不愉快的，人们会避免这种认知努力。然而现实却相反，人们愿意为不愉快的认知努力而努力和花费数小时的精力。为此文章通过实验研究揭示该现象的原因在于认知努力，会更加激发人们挑战自我的动力。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Popular scientific theories hold that cognitive effort is experienced as unpleasant and people try to avoid it whenever possible.(大众科学理论认为，认知努力是不愉快的，人们试图尽可能避免它。)”第二段中“However, there are many situations in everyday life in which people seem to exert themselves (努力)voluntarily, even if there is no obvious external reward. For example, many people enjoy solving Sudoku puzzles, students are often motivated by challenging intellectual tasks, and amateur pianists can spend hours striving for perfection without any external reward.(然而，在日常生活中有很多情况下，人们似乎是自愿地努力，即使没有明显的外部奖励。例如，许多人喜欢解决数独谜题，学生们经常被具有挑战性的智力任务所激励，业余钢琴家可以花几个小时去追求完美，而没有任何外部奖励)”可知，作者在第二段中列举的例子是为了挑战以往的一些科学理论即认知努力的体验是不愉快的，人们会努力避免这种认知努力。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the first experiment with 121 participants, the researchers used cardiovascular measurements (activity of the heart)to determine how hard people exerted themselves in cognitive tasks of varying difficulty levels(在第一个有121名参与者的实验中，研究人员使用心血管测量(心脏活动)来确定人们在不同难度的认知任务中的努力程度。)”可知，研究者们通过使用心血管测量方法来确认参与者在认知任务上付出的努力。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Subjects who had previously been rewarded for effort subsequently chose more difficult tasks than subjects in the control group, even though they were aware that they would no longer receive an external reward.(之前因为努力而获得奖励的受试者随后比对照组的受试者选择了更难的任务，即使他们知道自己将不再获得外部奖励。)”可知，因为努力而获得奖励的测试者们更加有挑战自我的动力。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“However, there are many situations in everyday life in which people seem to exert themselves (努力)voluntarily, even if there is no obvious external reward. (然而，在日常生活中有很多情况下，人们似乎自愿努力，即使没有明显的外部奖励。)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了人们愿意为不愉快的认知努力而努力和花费数小时的精力。文章通过实验研究揭示该现象的原因在于认知努力会更加激发人们挑战自我的动力。故文章最好的标题是学会享受认知上的努力，这样才会更加激发人们挑战困难的动力。故选B。
D
Daily life has its satisfactions. The perfect reply to a friend’s text message. The first after-work drink. But do any really compare to the joy of going to sleep? Somehow we have pushed this pleasure to the back of the queue. A third of American adults report sleeping less than the recommended seven hours.
For some, the problem is modern life: emails, to-do lists and screens. For other people, it’s the demands of work or family. Then there are those who can’t sleep when they try. Up to one in 10 adults could meet the criteria(标准)for insomnia(失眠).
The mix of experiences has led us to take sleeping more scientifically. A century ago, we weren’t aware that the brain’s electrical activity changes during sleep. Now there’s evidence that a lack of sleep is associated with higher risk of depression, cancer, Alzheimer’s and obesity. Research published in the European Heart Journal recently reports that heart disease was lower among people who went to sleep between 10 pm and 11 pm, no matter how long they slept.
Such research is all well and good. But after the rise of step counters, is sleep the next part of human experience that will become increasingly tracked, counted and compared? We sigh at LinkedIn users who claim to wake up at 5 am and learn Chinese. But what if people are too committed to a good sleep? Sleep researcher Matthew Walker once said, “I have a non-negotiable eight-hour sleep opportunity window. ” But for me, making one’s sleep so inflexible just strikes me as rather coldly individualistic.
Stressing ourselves out about a lack of sleep can aggravate the problem. In his book Overcoming Insomnia and Sleep Problems, Oxford professor Colin Espie writes about “orthosomnia”, where people’s attention is so focused on sleeping well that they become too anxious to do so.
Espie says we each have a sleep pattern that, like a shoe size, we figure out through trial and error. The research on bedtimes between 10 pm and 11 pm will cheer those who leave parties early and give up late-night football highlights, but it establishes no causal link. Genetically, some humans are larks(云雀)and some are owls. For an owl to try to fight their natural schedule, and sleep earlier, it wouldn’t necessarily help.
Once we were urged to sleep when we were dead. Now the enlightened tell us to sleep or we will die. I don’t really believe any of this. A good night’s sleep is a great enjoyment. As far as possible, it should also remain a simple one.
12. What docs Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. We pay too much attention to sleep hours
B. Our ancestors always suffered from a lack of sleep.
C. Our mental health is closely related to our brain activity
D. We now have a better understanding of the benefits of sleep.
13. What does the underlined word “aggravate” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Ease. B. Worsen. C. Prevent. D. Address.
14. Which of the following might Colin Espie agree with?
A. We should respect everyone’s sleep pattern.
B. An owl should try hard to go against their nature.
C. It is necessary to compare different sleep patterns.
D. We should change our sleep patterns when necessary.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show the importance of sleep.
B. To analyze the cause of insomnia.
C. To persuade people to go to bed early.
D. To reduce people’s anxiety about sleep.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了各种各样的经验使我们更加科学地看待睡眠，从而减少对睡眠所产生的焦虑。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“The mix of experiences has led us to take sleeping more scientifically(各种各样的经验使我们更加科学地看待睡眠)”可知，本段主要介绍了我们对于睡眠有了更好的认知。故选D。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据所猜词后“In his book Overcoming Insomnia and Sleep Problems, Oxford professor Colin Espie writes about “orthosomnia”, where people’s attention is so focused on sleeping well that they become too anxious to do so.(牛津大学教授科林·埃斯皮在他的《克服失眠和睡眠问题》一书中提到了“正睡眠症”，即人们的注意力过于集中在睡个好觉上，以至于他们变得过于焦虑而无法做到这一点)”可知，人的注意力集中在睡个好觉上，会给人带来更多的焦虑，从而导致问题恶化。由此推知，所猜词的意思为“恶化、加重”。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Espie says we each have a sleep pattern that, like a shoe size, we figure out through trial and error.(埃斯皮说，我们每个人都有自己的睡眠模式，就像鞋子的尺码一样，我们通过反复试验来确定)”可知，埃斯皮认为每个人的睡觉的模式都是不同的，每个人有着自己的特点。由此推知，埃斯皮认为应该尊重每个人的睡眠模式。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“The mix of experiences has led us to take sleeping more scientifically(各种各样的经验使我们更加科学地看待睡眠)”以及最后一段“A good night’s sleep is a great enjoyment. As far as possible, it should also remain a simple one(睡个好觉是一种极大的享受。尽可能地，它也应该保持简单)”可知，我们应该更加科学地看待睡眠，减少对于睡眠的焦虑。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
TVs can be recycled, and while the process may involve some legwork, it’s often worth the trouble compared with the alternative. An unwanted TV can feel like an albatross(沉的负担)around your neck especially if it’s an old one, which tends to be heavier and bulkier than newer TVs.
____16____ If the TV still works, the best option may be to sell or donate it rather than skipping ahead to recycling. If it doesn’t work, though, or if you have difficulty finding someone who wants it, you still have other environmentally responsible options.
Like many electronic devices, TVs contain a variety of materials such as plastic, heavy metals, and other toxins that can pose a pollution risk if not dealt with properly. ____17____ Even if you face no legal consequences for tossing a TV into the trash, however, there are also practical and ethical reasons why recycling is a better decision.
____18____ It is a good idea to check if your local recycling or waste-management authority accepts e-waste in some form, like special pickup days or drop-off events; just don’t expect it to be quite as easy as putting out your weekly paper and plastic recycling.
While some electronic devices like cell phones are commonly free to recycle, be ready to pay a fee for TV recycling. That might seem unfair: You’re giving away a TV full of useful materials to be recycled and reused, so why should you have to pay anything? ____19____
____20____ If the TV especially large or heavy, consider asking someone to help you carry it.
A. TVs contain both potentially harmful and potentially valuable materials.
B. Recycling of TVs and other e-waste is required by law in 25 U. S. states.
C. TVs may be recyclable, but that doesn’t mean they can go directly into your recycling bin.
D. Recycling a TV often means physically transporting it somewhere, which is tiring and needs cooperation.
E. Combined with the bulky size and heavy weight of many TVs, this adds expense to the recycling process.
F. Yet there are a few ways to dispose of a TV, depending largely on the TV’s condition and your location.
G. When TVs first arrive at a recycling center, they’re often checked to see if they can be repaired and reused.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本篇文章介绍了电视回收利用时应该注意的事项。
【16题详解】
根据“If the TV still works, the best option may be to sell or donate it rather than skipping ahead to recycling. If it doesn’t work, though, or if you have difficulty finding someone who wants it, you still have other environmentally responsible options.(如果电视还能用，最好的选择可能是卖掉或捐献，而不是跳到回收利用。然而，如果它不起作用，或者你很难找到想要它的人，你仍然有其他对环境负责的选择)”可知，在对电视回收利用之前，需要根据电视的情况以及你的所处环境来进行判断。F项“然而，有几种处理电视的方法，主要取决于电视的状况和您的位置”符合语境。F项中“depending largely on the TV’s condition and your location”和后面的语境项呼应。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据“Even if you face no legal consequences for tossing a TV into the trash, however, there are also practical and ethical reasons why recycling is a better decision.(然而，即使你把电视扔进垃圾桶没有法律后果，回收利用是一个更好的决定也有现实和道德的原因)”可知，空中应该提到有法律规定要对电视进行回收利用。B项“美国25个州的法律要求回收电视和其他电子垃圾”，B项中的“by law”和后面的“no legal”相呼应。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据“It is a good idea to check if your local recycling or waste-management authority accepts e-waste in some form, like special pickup days or drop-off events; (最好检查一下您当地的回收或废物管理机构是否以某种形式接受电子废物，如特殊的提货日或卸货活动)”可知，本段主要提到在对电视进行回收利用前要检查好是否电视能够直接进入回收站。C项“电视可能是可回收的，但这并不意味着它们可以直接进入回收站”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据“While some electronic devices like cell phones are commonly free to recycle, be ready to pay a fee for TV recycling. (虽然手机等一些电子设备通常是免费回收的，但要准备好为电视回收支付费用)”可知，本段主要说明有时电视回收是需要付一定的费用的，所以空处需要说明付费的原因。E项“因为许多电视机体积大、重量重，这增加了回收过程的费用”符合语境。而且E项中的“expense”和前文中的“pay a fee ”相呼应。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据“If the TV especially large or heavy, consider asking someone to help you carry it.(如果电视机特别大或很重，考虑请人帮你搬)”可知，本段主要提醒电视在回收的过程中需要人力运送，因为很累所以需要合作。D项“回收电视机通常意味着将其实际运送到某处，这很累，需要合作”符合语境。而且D项中的“needs cooperation”和下文中的“asking someone to help you carry it”相呼应。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I never thought that something shared on Facebook would have the power to change my life.
Pictures of what my friends ate for lunch. Pictures of my grandbaby’s latest feats. And maybe a farm game. These were the things that I thought Facebook was. ____21____ , that was how I spent too much time on it these years.
Then on a March morning, a friend’s post on Facebook caught my ____22____ , which said, “Let go of anything ____23____ and all activities that do not mirror your brightest intentions. ”
The post kept returning to my mind throughout the day. I knew my life at that point was not authentic. It was at the ____24____ of my farm-game obsession. I, along with my friends, played FarmVille. I had five different farms in five different games. All in ____25____ forms, of course. After a day’s ____26____ on the words, I decided to write them on a piece of paper and taped it on my laptop.
One afternoon, I glanced down at the words taped on my keyboard. Then I ____27____ , and saw the empty backyard outside the window. Here I was taping away on the ____28____ , while a half-acre lot outside the window lay ____29____ . Suddenly, I was struck by a(n) ____30____ —it was the time to ____31____ what the words said to my life.
I ____32____ all inauthentic activities that I used to be obsessed with. FarmVille and the other four farms were left to wither (凋零) away. ____33____ , I turned to work in my newly-claimed garden. That ____34____ I’d copied became a mirror I used to ____35____ how I spent my time and energy. Thanks to the words, I eventually have a life filled with activities and people that enrich and fulfill me.
21. A. Gradually B. Eventually C. Actually D. Immediately
22. A. breath B. attention C. curiosity D. heart
23. A. useless B. unnecessary C. worthless D. unreal
24. A. edge B. risk C. height D. cost
25. A. unusual B. virtual C. physical D. different
26. A. reflection B. concentration C. experiment D. research
27. A. turned around B. broke up C. hung around D. looked up
28. A. computer B. farm C. desk D. spot
29. A. unreachable B. unattractive C. untouched D. unfinished
30. A. advantage B. idea C. disaster D. fortune
31. A. compare B. limit C. lead D. apply
32. A. rejected B. disliked C. missed D. forgot
33. A. Otherwise B. However C. Instead D. Therefore
34. A. article B. phrase C. principle D. theory
35. A. examine B. interpret C. evaluate D. reveal
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为在Facebook上看到了朋友发的一个帖子而改变了自己以前的生活方式，从沉浸虚拟的网络世界中回归到了真实的生活的故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这就是我这些年花了太多时间在这上面的原因。A. Gradually逐渐；B. Eventually最终；C. Actually实际上是；D. Immediately立即。根据上文“Pictures of what my friends ate for lunch. Pictures of my grandbaby’s latest feats. And maybe a farm game. These were the things that I thought Facebook was. (我朋友午餐吃什么的照片。我孙儿最新壮举的照片。也许还有一场农场游戏。这些就是我认为Facebook是的东西)”可知，作者看到这些年在Facebook上面发表的照片，她觉得实际上正是这些照片是她这些年花了很多时间在Facebook的原因。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在三月的一个早上，我在Facebook上看到一个朋友的帖子，帖子上写道：“放弃任何不真实的事情，放弃所有不符合你最美好意愿的活动。”A. breath呼吸；B. attention注意；C. curiosity好奇心；D. heart心。根据空前“a friend’s post on Facebook caught my”可知，一个朋友的帖子获得了作者的关注。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后在三月的一个早上，我在Facebook上看到一个朋友的帖子，帖子上写道：“放弃任何不真实的事情，放弃所有不符合你最美好意愿的活动。”A. useless无用的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. worthless无价值的；D. unreal不真实的。根据下文“The post kept returning to my mind throughout the day. I knew my life at that point was not authentic.(一整天我都在回想起那篇帖子。我知道那时我的生活并不真实)”可知，作者注意到的帖子上写着让人们放弃不真实的事情。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我对农场游戏痴迷的巅峰时期。A. edge边缘；B. risk风险；C. height高度；D. cost费用。根据下文“I, along with my friends, played FarmVille. I had five different farms in five different games.(我和我的朋友一起玩FarmVille。我在五个不同的游戏中拥有五个不同的农场)”可知，作者回想到了对农场游戏痴迷的巅峰时期，at the height of“在……的巅峰时刻”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，这一切都是虚拟的。A. unusual异常的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. physical身体的；D. different不同的。根据上文“I had five different farms in five different games.(我在五个不同的游戏中拥有五个不同的农场)”可知，作者痴迷于玩电脑上的农场游戏，所以这些都是虚拟的。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一天的思考，我决定把它们写在一张纸上，并用胶带粘在笔记本上。A. reflection反思；B. concentration注意力；C. experiment实验；D. research研究。根据上文“The post kept returning to my mind throughout the day.(一整天我都在回想起那篇帖子)”可知，作者看到朋友的帖子之后，她一直在反思自己的生活，所以在经过一天的反思之后，她决定把它们写在一张纸上，并用胶带粘在笔记本上。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后我抬起头，看到窗外的后院空荡荡的。A. turned around转过身来；B. broke up分手；C. hung around闲逛；D. looked up向上看。根据下文“saw the empty backyard outside the window(看到窗外的后院空荡荡的)”可知，作者看到键盘上的纸条后，她抬起头来看向了窗外。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我沉迷于电脑，而窗外半英亩的土地则无人问津。A. computer计算机；B. farm农场；C. desk桌子；D. spot斑点。根据上文“I had five different farms in five different games.(我在五个不同的游戏中拥有五个不同的农场)”可知，之前作者痴迷于玩电脑上的农场游戏，所以无心打理花园。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我沉迷于电脑，而窗外半英亩的土地则无人问津。A. unreachable无法到达的；B. unattractive不吸引人的；C. untouched未动的；D. unfinished未完成的。根据上文“the empty backyard(空荡荡的后院)”和“ a half-acre lot outside”可知，之前作者痴迷于玩电脑上的农场游戏，后院空荡荡的，所以自己的后院的半英亩土地无人打理。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我被一个想法打动了——是时候把这些话应用到我的生活中去了。A. advantage优势；B. idea想法；C. disaster灾难；D. fortune财富。根据下文“it was the time to ____11____ what the words said to my life.”可知，作者突然有了一个想法，就是要回归到真实的生活中去。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我被一个想法打动了——是时候把这些话应用到我的生活中去了。A. compare比较；B. limit限制；C. lead通向；D. apply应用。根据下文“what the words said to my life”可知，作者在经过了反思这些话之后，有了一个想法，她想把学到的这些话应用到她的生活中。apply...to...“把……应用到……”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拒绝了所有我过去沉迷于的不真实的活动。A. rejected拒绝；B. disliked不喜欢的；C. missed遗漏；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“Suddenly, I was struck by a(n) ____10____ —it was the time to ____11____ what the words said to my life.”可知，作者决定回归到真实的生活中，所以她拒绝了那些不真实的活动。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我转而在我新认领的花园里工作。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Instead取而代之的是；D. Therefore因此。根据下文“I turned to work in my newly-claimed garden”可知，作者决定放弃所有过去沉迷的不真实的活动，取而代之的是，开始在花园里工作。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我抄的那句话成了一面镜子，我用它来审视我是如何花费时间和精力的。A. article文章；B. phrase短语；C. principle原则；D. theory学说。根据上文语境可知，作者从朋友的帖子里悟出了一些道理，并把这些话写到纸条上贴在了电脑上。所以作者抄的那些话语成了她的一面镜子。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我抄的那句话成了一面镜子，我用它来审视我是如何花费时间和精力的。A. examine审查；B. interpret解释：C. evaluate评估；D. reveal揭示。根据空后“how I spent my time and energy”可知，作者用那些话作为一面镜子，来审视她是如何花费时间和精力的。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study conducted twelve years ago near natural gas wells in New Mexico, researchers found that there were 75% fewer pinon pine seedlings(幼苗) in noisy sites than in quiet ____36____ . This was most likely due to the noise driving away the scrub jay(灌丛鸦), which plants thousands of pine seeds while ____37____(store) them to eat during the winter months. A research team from California Institute of Technology recently returned to the sites to find out whether the pinon pine had recovered ____38____ time.
____39____ companies changed the sites where they used noisy compressors(压缩机) to help produce natural gas, some of the ____40____(previous) noisy sites had become quiet. The researchers found that in these areas, there were still fewer seedlings ____41____(compare) to sites that didn’t have compressors added to speed up gas extraction. This shows that though the noise was removed before the pinon pine seeds ____42____(plant), they still didn’t sprout(发芽).
“The effects of human noise pollution ____43____(grow) into the structure of the woodland communities at present,” said biology professor and senior author Clint Francis. ____44____ we’re seeing now is that _____45_____(disappear) of the noise doesn’t necessarily immediately result in a recovery of ecological function.
【答案】36 ones
37. storing
38. over 39. As##Because##Since
40. previously
41. compared
42. were planted
43. are growing
44. What 45. disappearance
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了噪音的消失不一定会立即导致生态功能的恢复。
【36题详解】
考查代词。句意：12年前，在新墨西哥州的天然气井附近进行的一项研究中，研究人员发现，在嘈杂的地方，皮松苗比在安静的地方少75%。根据句意可知，此处表达“皮松苗比在安静的地方少75%”。所替代的是同名异物，表示泛指，所以用代词ones来指代安静地区的皮松苗。故填ones。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这很可能是由于噪音赶走了灌丛鸦，它们会在冬天种下数千颗松树种子，并将它们储存起来以备食用。在状语从句中，从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且有be动词时可以省略主语和be动词。主句中，which指代the scrub jay，即从句完整的形式为while the scrub jay is storing them to eat during the winter months。故填storing。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：来自加州理工学院的一个研究小组最近回到了这些地点，以查明皮松苗是否随着时间的推移而恢复。根据上文的“had recovered”以及句意可知，此处表达“随着时间的推移”，所以填入介词over构成固定短语“over time(随着时间的流逝)”。故填over。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点，一些以前嘈杂的地点变得安静了。根据句意可知，此处表达“因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点”，所以用as、because或since引导原因状语从句。故填As、Because或Since
【40题详解】
考查副词句意见上一题。修饰形容词noisy需要用副词。故填previously。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员发现，在这些地区，与没有增加压缩机以加速气体提取的地点相比，秧苗仍然更少。句子的谓语动词为were，所以此处为非谓语动词。非谓语动词compare何其逻辑主语seedlings之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填compared。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这表明，尽管在种植皮松种子之前消除了噪音，但它们仍然没有发芽。分析句子结构，此处为谓语动词。结合空格前的was removed可知，此处陈述过去的事实要用一般过去时。seeds和plant之间是被动关系。故填were planted。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：生物学教授、资深作者Clint Francis说：“目前，人类噪音污染的影响正在逐渐渗入林地群落的结构中。”分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。结合时间状语at present可知，此处表示“正在发生的事情”，所以用现在进行时。主语effects是复数，位于也用复数。故填are growing。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：我们现在看到的是，噪音的消失不一定会立即导致生态功能的恢复。此处是主语从句，在从句中see缺少“什么”含义作宾语，所以用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意见上一题。此处需要用名词作主语。故填disappearance。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周末你因故没有完成外教Mr Smith布置的影评作业，请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示歉意;
2. 解释原因;
3. 弥补措施。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m awfully sorry to tell you that I didn’t finish the film review you assigned last Friday. I’m writing to express my sincere apology to you.
Last Saturday morning, I fell ill suddenly and had a high fever. After being examined in a hospital, I was told that I would have to be in hospital for three days. It prevented me from finishing the task on time. And I would be grateful if you could give me another two days for the task.
I sincerely hope that you will understand my situation and accept my apology.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生因为上周末没有完成外教Mr Smith布置的影评作业写一封道歉信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
极其地：awfully→extremely
完成：finish→accomplish
表达：express→convey
阻止某人做某事：prevent sb. from doing sth.→stop sb. from doing sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Saturday morning, I fell ill suddenly and had a high fever.
拓展句：Last Saturday morning, I fell ill suddenly and had a high fever, which made me feel very uncomfortable
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m awfully sorry to tell you that I didn’t finish the film review you assigned last Friday. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I sincerely hope that you will understand my situation and accept my apology.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dad and Madison were walking through the party store, gathering decorations for Madison’s upcoming birthday party.
“But I don’t want to invite Lucy Gilbert! I don’t like her!”
“Madison, you are being unreasonable. If every girl in your class is invited to party but you, you’ll feel left out. It would be a big mistake not to invite Lucy to the party.”
“She never even talks to me!”
Dad sighed and moved down the aisle. “Lucy is a new girl in class. She just moved here a little over a month ago. Think about how that must feel. She doesn’t know one single person in the school. She left all of her to get to know everyone.”
“No, it won’t. She will probably sit in the corner and not talk to anyone. Every day at lunch she sits all by herself. She wants to eat alone!” Madison shrugged and rolled her eyes.
“Madison, I’m done discussing this. You will invite every girl in your class, including Lucy Gilbert!”
On Saturday morning, the family blew up balloons and decorated the house cheerfully. Madison was dressed beautifully for the day, wearing her new blue dress. It was not typical of her to dress herself like this. She usually wore sports clothes because she loved to be outside riding her horse Star with a lead rope (缰绳).
Madison greeted her friends at the doorstep, picturing various presents her friends would bring her. In the meanwhile, she was wondering whether Lucy would ruin the party if she came. Anyhow, all the girls she invited came finally, including Lucy.
The girls had a fantastic time by singing and dancing while Lucy sat in the corner silently alone. Later, all the girls gathered around the table as Madison opened her presents. Opening them one by one, Madison thanked her friends, with a bright smile on her face.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下各式作答。
Lucy’s present was the very last to be opened.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Deeply moved by what she said, Madison held the lead rope tightly in her hands.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Lucy’s present was the very last to be opened. Worrying that it would ruin the party, Madison grabbed the present reluctantly and ripped open the gift-wrap paper. Inside was a delicately hand-made lead rope! Shocked, she widened her eyes, covering her hands over her mouth. “It’s a lead rope for your horse Star. I made it by myself!” Madison pulled it out of the box and placed it on her lap, amazed at its beauty. Lucy added, “I heard you talking about your horse at school. That’s when I got the idea to make you a lead rope. ”
Deeply moved by what she said, Madison held the lead rope tightly in her hands. It was, by far, her very favorite birthday present of the day. She suddenly felt so bad because she had been so mean to Lucy. With tears swirling in her eyes, she blinked hard to fight them back, feeling a mixture of regret and gratitude. “Thanks so much for this lead rope. I love it! Would you like to join us and be our friends？” Lucy nodded cheerfully. Madison put her arm around Lucy’s shoulders, both smiling. With applause and laughter echoing through the house, Lucy joined the other girls to enjoy the party.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了麦迪逊在过生日时，邀请全体同学包括不喜欢的露西庆祝生日。露西别出心裁的生日礼物深深的感动了麦迪逊，让作者看到了露西内心深处的善良并自此与露西成为好朋友。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段段首内容“最后打开的是露西的礼物。”可知，第一段描述麦迪逊打开露西的礼物时的过程及心理状态。
②由第二段段首内容“被她的话深深地打动了，麦迪逊紧紧抓住线绳。”可知麦迪逊听到露西的话之后，心理状态发生了变化，重新认识露西并与她成为了好朋友。
2. 续写线索：打开礼物——听到露西的话——感动——心理变化——成为好友
3. 词汇激活
行为类：
①紧抓住线绳：hold the lead rope tightly/grab the lead rope tightly
②抑制：fight back/hold back
③拥抱某人：put her arm around sb./hug sb./embrace sb.
情绪类：
①惊讶：amazed at/surprised at
②感动：moved/touched
③悔恨：regret/sorry/guilty
【点睛】【高分句型1】Inside was a delicately hand-made lead rope!（运用了完全倒装）
【高分句型2】She suddenly felt so bad because she had been so mean to Lucy.（运用了because引导原因状语从句）
【高分句型3】With tears swirling in her eyes, she blinked hard to fight them back, feeling a mixture of regret and gratitude.（运用了with+宾语+宾语补足语复合结构，现在分词作状语）
听力答案：l—5ABACA 6—10CBCCA 11—15 BCBBC 16—20 AACBA
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