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河南省濮阳市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份河南省濮阳市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高中二年级学业质量监测
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man going to do first?
A. Get some drinks. B. Ask the way. C. Refuel the car.
2. What time is Mr. Robert expected to take the bus?
A. At 5:45 a.m. B. At 6:15 a.m. C. At 5:30 a.m.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a concert hall. B. At the man’s. C. At a studio.
4. What happened to the driver?
A. He ran into a bicycle. B. He ran into a tree. C. He drove too slowly.
5. Why is the woman upset?
A. She had an argument with her husband.
B. Her husband quarreled with their son.
C. Her husband couldn’t find a suitable job.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What’s the weather like?
A. Cloudy and warm. B. Lovely and warm. C. Fine but cloudy.
7. Where are the speakers?
A. At the station. B. In a flat. C. In a park.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Director and actress. B. Fan and film star. C. Journalist and actress.
9. What part does the woman play?
A. An old lady. B. A young lady. C. A doctor.
10. What did the woman say about the play?
A. It’s a comedy. B. It’s directed by herself. C. It’s loved by people.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What was the woman doing when she saw the dolphins?
A. Swimming. B. Diving. C. Sailing.
12. Why did the woman give up skydiving?
A. The weather was bad. B. She felt quite tired. C. She got frightened.
13. What did the woman find most exciting?
A. Hiking in the rainforest. B. Exploring the old caves. C. Climbing the mountains.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is the woman?
A. An office clerk. B. An immigration official. C. An air hostess.
15. Which line is for the residents?
A. The line on the man’s right.
B. The line on the woman’s left.
C. The line on the woman’s right.
16. How long will the man study in the UK?
A. For a few months. B. For a year. C. For two years.
17. How will the man pay for living costs and tuition fees?
A. His father has paid in advance.
B. He has won a scholarship.
C. He will take a part-time job.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. Where is the starting line?
A. At Fenghe Road. B. At the World Expo site. C. At the Sports Center.
19. Who will not be invited to the race?
A. Foreign runners meeting health requirements.
B. The top runners from other countries.
C. Those registered on the website.
20. What can the Champion win?
A. 50,000 yuan. B. 80,000 yuan. C. 100,000 yuan.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are remarkable scientists who improved our understanding of almost everything around us. Click to learn more about the scientists who, through their contributions and discoveries, changed the world as we know it.
Galileo (1564—1642) Creating one of the first modem telescopes, Galileo completely changed our understanding of the world, successfully proving the Earth circles around the Sun and not the other way around. His work Two New Sciences laid the groundwork for the science of Kinetics and strength of materials.
Sir Isaac Newton (1642—1726) Newton was a polymath who made investigations into a whole range of subjects including mathematics, physics, and astronomy. In his Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, he laid the foundations for classical mechanics, explaining the law of gravity and the laws of motion.
Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Darwin developed his theory of evolution against a background of disbelief and skepticism. He collected evidence over 20 years and published his conclusions in On the Origin of Species (1859).
Marie Curie (1867-1934) A Polish physicist and chemist, Curie discovered radiation and helped to apply it in the field of X-ray. She won the Nobel Prize in both Chemistry and Physics.
Albert Einstein (1879—1955) Revolutionized modern physics with his general theory of relativity. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1921) for his discovery of the Photoelectric Effect, which formed the basis of Quantum Theory.
1. Who is the author of Principia Mathematica?
A. Galileo B. Sir Isaac Newton C. Charles Darwin D. Albert Einstein
2. What do Marie Curie and Albert Einstein have in common?
A. They were the greatest chemists.
B. They were the Nobel Prize winners.
C. They had a deep study of physics and astronomy.
D. They laid the foundation for the development of classical medicine.
3. Where can the text be found?
A. In a history book. B. In a novel. C. In an art magazine. D. On a science website.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五名科学家的情况以及成就。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Sir Isaac Newton (1642—1726) Newton was a polymath who made investigations into a whole range of subjects including mathematics, physics, and astronomy. In his Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, he laid the foundations for classical mechanics, explaining the law of gravity and the laws of motion.(艾萨克·牛顿爵士（1642—1726）是一位博学多才的人，他研究了包括数学、物理和天文学在内的一系列学科。在1687年出版的《数学原理》一书中，他为经典力学奠定了基础，解释了万有引力定律和运动定律)”可知，艾萨克·牛顿爵士是《数学原理》的作者。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“She won the Nobel Prize in both Chemistry and Physics.(她获得了化学和物理学的诺贝尔奖)”以及最后一段中“He won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1921) for his discovery of the Photoelectric Effect, which formed the basis of Quantum Theory.(他因发现光电效应而获得诺贝尔物理学奖（1921年），光电效应奠定了量子理论的基础)”可知，居里夫人和爱因斯坦的共同之处是他们是诺贝尔奖获得者。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Click to learn more about the scientists who, through their contributions and discoveries, changed the world as we know it.(点击了解更多关于科学家的信息，他们通过他们的贡献和发现，改变了我们所知道的世界)”结合文章主要介绍了五名科学家的情况以及成就。可推知，文章可能在一个科学网站上被找到。故选D。
B
Chen Wei, a high school student, was having dinner when he heard someone screaming from another table. A fellow diner, Zhang Tao, was choking on something. He was holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back. Chen wasted no time. He rushed to Zhang’s table at once. With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was instantly forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again.
Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse (崩溃) and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, practical, and easy. It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can lean how.
If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out.
With choking victims, every minute counts. You can’t just sit there and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school. Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans, and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare”.
4. What is the Heimlich manoeuvre?
A. An American doctor. B. A choking victim.
C. An emergency situation. D. A first aid method.
5. Why is choking such a serious condition?
A. Millions of people die of it every year.
B. Most of the victims are young children.
C. It is minutes before a victim falls down or dies.
D. There are no effective ways to save victims from it.
6. Which action does the Heimlich manoeuvre NOT include?
A. To make a fist with one hand.
B. To hold the victim’s throat with one hand.
C. To grab your fist with the other hand tightly.
D. To stand behind the victim who is really choking.
7. Which word can describe the quality of Chen Wei?
A. Ambitious. B. Cooperative.
C Responsible. D. Optimistic.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过高中生陈伟在学校救了一位快要窒息的同学，介绍一种挽救窒息患者的急救方法。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse (崩溃) and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. (当没有时间等救护车到达，窒息的受害者在晕倒、有时甚至是死亡前，通常只剩大约四分钟的时间。为了解决这个问题，1974年，美国医生Henry Heimlich创造了Heimlich manoeuvre，挽救了世界各地数千人的生命。)”及最后一段“With choking victims, every minute counts. You can’t just sit there and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school. (对于窒息的受害者，每一分钟都很重要。你不能只是坐在那里什么都不做。幸运的是，陈已经在学校学会了如何提供急救。)”可知，Heimlich manoeuvre指的是挽救窒息患者的一种急救方法。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse (崩溃) and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. (当没有时间等救护车到达，窒息的受害者在晕倒、有时甚至是死亡前，通常只剩大约四分钟的时间。)”可知，在窒息患者晕倒或死亡前，只有4分钟的短暂时间，情况很严重。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out. (如果你看到有人要窒息，请先给紧急服务部门打电话。然后，确保受害者真的窒息：窒息的人不能说话。拍打受害者的背部通常会迫使障碍物消失。如果这不起作用，你可以通过站在他身后并将手臂缠绕在他的腰上来执行Heimlich manoeuvre。用一只手握成拳头，放在肚子的上半部分。用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头，一举推入他的肚子。继续执行此操作，直到障碍物被强行拔出。)”可知，Heimlich manoeuvre包括：用一只手握成拳头、用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头、站在窒息患者的身后。其中不包括用一只手扼住受害者的喉咙。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans, and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare”. (陈后来谈到这件事时说：“我怎么能证明坐在那里、什么也不做是合理的呢？我们都是人，我们都有责任照顾彼此的安全健康。”)”可知，陈对他人的生命安全健康很负责，故选C项。
C
The tornadoes that recently struck the U.S. are some of the most destructive and deadly in history. The death in Kentucky, the hardest hit state, reached 80 on Monday, with dozens still unaccounted for. The scale of destruction and timing of the tornadoes so late in the year — most tornadoes occur in the spring and summer — is fueling discussion about how climate change may have influenced this deadly disaster.
“In my 40 years as a meteorologist (气象学家), this was one of the most shocking weather events I’ve ever witnessed,” says Jeff Masters, at Yale Climate Connections. “Watching these storms on Friday night, my thought was, ‘Is no season safe?’ Extreme tornadoes in December. That was mind blowing to me.”
Unlike heat waves and floods, the link between a wanning world and tornadoes is complex and uncertain. Scientists have several theories about how tornado behavior may change. Tornadoes in December are possible. But it remains to be seen whether climate change will strengthen or increase the frequency of tornadoes.
According to NOAA’s data, there has been a recorded increase in the number of observed tornadoes since 1950, which experts believe is largely due to better technology such as Doppler radar. There’s been no observed increase in the frequency of major tornadoes over time. For example, 59 of the most severe F5 tornadoes in the U.S. have occurred since 1950. But if the storm that destroyed Kentucky turns out to have been an F5, it will have been the first since 2013 — bringing to an end the longest recorded period so far.
Nevertheless, “given the general influence of global warming on the atmosphere, it makes sense that it should be having an impact on tornadoes too,” says Victor Gensini, an extreme weather expert at Northern Illinois University. “Instead of asking: ‘Did climate change cause this tornado?’ It’s better to operate under the assumption that climate change did play a role,” he says.
While the science on climate change and tornadoes isn’t clear, meteorologists are predicting that conditions benefiting tornadoes will continue this month. “I’m worried about the rest of the year to be honest. I don’t think we’re out of the woods yet.” Gensini says.
8. What is one difference between the recent tornadoes and the ones in the past?
A. They hit only Kentucky. B. They happened in December.
C. They caused no deaths. D. They caught people unprepared.
9. What can be inferred in paragraph 3?
A. Waves and floods often follow tornadoes.
B. There is an agreement on how tornadoes may change.
C. Climate change will make tornadoes the most deadly disaster.
D. Scientists are unsure about how climate change influences tornadoes.
10. Which statement may Victor Gensini agree with?
A. The climate change most likely has an effect on tornadoes.
B. The tornadoes have nothing to do with climate warming.
C The science on climate change is advancing very quickly.
D. The climate change will make tornadoes much less frequent.
11. What does the underlined phrase “out of the woods” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Out of forest. B. Out of difficulty.
C. Out of danger. D. Out of question.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国最近遭受了历史上最具破坏性和致命性的龙卷风的袭击，专家认为美国近年来频发的龙卷风可能与气候变化相关。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“The scale of destruction and timing of the tornadoes so late in the year — most tornadoes occur in the spring and summer (今年晚些时候龙卷风的破坏规模和发生时间——大多数龙卷风发生在春季和夏季)”和第二段中的“‘Watching these storms on Friday night, my thought was, ‘Is no season safe?’ Extreme tornadoes in December. That was mind blowing to me.’(“周五晚上看到这些风暴，我的想法是，‘没有季节安全吗？’12月的极端龙卷风。这让我大吃一惊。”)”可知，过去龙卷风发生在春季和夏季，而最近的龙卷风发生在12月。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“Scientists have several theories about how tornado behavior may change. (科学家们对龙卷风轨迹可能如何改变有几种理论)”和“But it remains to be seen whether climate change will strengthen or increase the frequency of tornadoes. (但气候变化是否会加强或增加龙卷风的频率还有待观察)”可得出，科学家对龙卷风轨迹怎样变化没有定论，不确定气候变化如何影响龙卷风。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Nevertheless, “given the general influence of global warming on the atmosphere, it makes sense that it should be having an impact on tornadoes too,” says Victor Gensini, an extreme weather expert at Northern Illinois University. “Instead of asking: ‘Did climate change cause this tornado?’ It’s better to operate under the assumption that climate change did play a role,” he says. (然而，北伊利诺伊大学极端天气专家维克多·根西尼说，“考虑到全球变暖对大气的普遍影响，全球变暖也应该对龙卷风产生影响是有道理的。”“与其问：‘气候变化导致了这次龙卷风吗？’不如假设气候变化确实起了作用，”他说)”可知， Victor Gensini认为气候变化很可能对龙卷风产生影响。故选A项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。由最后一段“While the science on climate change and tornadoes isn’t clear, meteorologists are predicting that conditions benefiting tornadoes will continue this month. “I’m worried about the rest of the year to be honest. I don’t think we’re out of the woods yet.” Gensini says. (虽然气候变化和龙卷风的科学研究尚不清楚，但气象学家预测，本月有利于龙卷风的条件将继续存在。“老实说，我担心今年剩下的时间。我认为我们还未out of the woods。”根西尼说)”可知，本月可能还会发生龙卷风，Gensini很担心，觉得人们还未摆脱龙卷风的危险，out of the woods在此处意为“out of danger (脱离危险)”。故选C项。
D
“In time, we will put our eyes to this light and see that these people are the peers of nature. And forgivingly, when they appear we will lift up our song and sing, and say we cannot praise too much of any single thing.” It may read like poetry, but these lines weren’t composed by a poet — they were written by an artificial intelligence (AI).
It appeared in early December on the face of the UK Pavilion (展馆) at Expo 2020 in Dubai, and it was created from a single word chosen by a visitor to the pavilion, which was then fed to an AI that had previously been trained with millions of lines of poetry. The result forms part of a “Collective Message” — a continuous poetry shown on the bar screens arranged in a circle at one end of the cone-shaped (锥形) pavilion, which was designed by Es Devlin, a British artist whose previous works includes stage sets for the London 2012 Olympic Closing Ceremony. She is the first female designer of a UK pavilion since the Expo started in 1851.
Devlin’s inspiration to create Collective Message came from famed scientist Stephen Hawking. In 2015, three years before his death, he approved a competition in which people were invited to submit a potential message for an advanced alien civilization, with the goal of meaningfully representing mankind and our planet.
In a similar way, visitors to the pavilion are encouraged to send a message to the AI and acknowledge the role that AI plays in our lives. “We don’t want this thing just to be like a museum with lots of different exhibits, and we really want something that visitors could engage with,” says Stuart Bradbury of creative agency Avantgarde, “The AI was created specifically for this project, many AI experts and social organizations, including the Poetry Archive, the Poetry Society and the Scottish Poetry Library, worked with developers to train and improve AI output over six months, and we think we’ve created something really special.”
12. Who is the designer of the Collective Message?
A. Stephen Hawking. B. Stuart Bradbury.
C. Es Devlin. D. Poetry Archive.
13. Why is Stephen Hawking mentioned in the third paragraph?
A. To introduce the theme of the Expo 2020.
B. To popularize the world-famous scientist.
C. To state the source of inspiration for this project.
D. To increase the authority of the design of the pavilion.
14. Which statement is right according to the article?
A. Es Devlin is the first female artist in British history.
B. Es Devlin is as well known as Stephen Hawking.
C. All visitors acknowledged the role that AI plays in their lives.
D. The AI had been previously trained with millions of lines of poetry.
15. Which is the suitable title for the article?
A. Creative inspiration is everywhere.
B. Visitors are encouraged to compose poems.
C. Poems written by a computer light up the UK Pavilion at Expo Dubai.
D. An AI that can write poems was created successfully.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在12月初的迪拜2020年世博会英国馆展示了一个可以写诗的人工智能。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“The result forms part of a “Collective Message” — a continuous poetry shown on the bar screens arranged in a circle at one end of the cone-shaped (锥形) pavilion, which was designed by Es Devlin. (这一结果构成了“Collective Message”的一部分——圆锥形展馆一端以圆形排列的吧台屏幕上显示的连续诗歌。该展馆由英国艺术家埃斯·德夫林设计)”和第三段中的“Devlin’s inspiration to create Collective Message came from famed scientist Stephen Hawking. (德夫林创作Collective Message的灵感来自著名科学家斯蒂芬·霍金)”可知，Es Devlin是Collective Message的设计者。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“Devlin’s inspiration to create Collective Message came from famed scientist Stephen Hawking. (德夫林创作Collective Message的灵感来自著名科学家斯蒂芬·霍金)”可知，第三段提到斯蒂芬·霍金是为了陈述该项目的灵感来源。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“It appeared in early December on the face of the UK Pavilion (展馆) at Expo 2020 in Dubai, and it was created from a single word chosen by a visitor to the pavilion, which was then fed to an AI that had previously been trained with millions of lines of poetry. (它于12月初出现在迪拜2020年世博会英国馆的正面，它是由一位参观者选择的一个单词创造出来的，然后被输入到一个人工智能中，这个人工智能之前接受过数百万行诗歌的训练)”可知，D项“人工智能之前接受过数百万行诗歌的训练”正确。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中的“It may read like poetry, but these lines weren’t composed by a poet — they were written by an artificial intelligence (AI). (它读起来可能像诗歌，但这些诗句不是诗人写的——它们是人工智能（AI）写的)”和最后一段中的“The AI was created specifically for this project, many AI experts and social organizations, including the Poetry Archive, the Poetry Society and the Scottish Poetry Library, worked with developers to train and improve AI output over six months, and we think we’ve created something really special. (人工智能是专门为这个项目创建的，许多人工智能专家和社会组织，包括诗歌档案馆、诗歌协会和苏格兰诗歌图书馆，与开发人员合作，在六个月的时间里培训和改进人工智能输出，我们认为我们创造了一些非常特别的东西)”可知，文章介绍在12月初的迪拜2020年世博会英国馆上出现的诗歌，引出一个被成功创造出来的可以写诗的人工智能，D项“一个可以写诗的人工智能被成功创造出来”符合文意。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中存两项为多余选项。
Learn to respect yourself
Sometimes it’s hard to get others to respect us if we don’t do it ourselves.
1. ____16____
If others see that you have this, they will also consider and appreciate you and your needs. Consider yourself a priority (优先).
2. Use body language
Body language is very important because it helps to transmit a lot of information, although many times the information we send with the body is contradictory to our words. Therefore, if we give our opinion but with a faint voice, ____17____. But on the contrary, if we express what we think in a firm voice, looking into the other’s eyes and confident in ourselves, they are more likely to respect us.
3. Surround yourself against disrespect
Some people are just always disrespectful and no matter what we do they will always disrespect others. ____18____. If you can’t keep them away then learn to ignore their comments.
4. Defend yourself against disrespect
If they disrespect you or don’t take you seriously, defend yourself. Don’t allow it. Don’t attack or respond in the same way either. With a “What you said hurt me”, “That comment was inappropriate” or “I won’t allow you to speak to me like that”, ____19____.
5. Boost your self-esteem
Many times we are not respected because we don’t consider ourselves worthy of it. ____20____. Even if we rationally know that we do deserve respect, sometimes unconsciously we don’t end up believing it. That is why it’s important to work on your self-esteem.
A. These people we should keep further away from us as possible.
B. these phrases will help for this behavior not to repeat again.
C. Respect yourself.
D. These phrases are important for you.
E. This may be conscious or unconscious.
F. So these people are impolite.
G. it is more likely that no one will take into account what we are saying.
【答案】16 C 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，学会尊重自己的方法和策略。
【16题详解】
由小标题“Learn to respect yourself (学会尊重自己)”，上文“Sometimes it’s hard to get others to respect us if we don’t do it ourselves. (有时候，如果我们不自己去做，很难让别人尊重我们)”和下文“If others see that you have this, they will also consider and appreciate you and your needs. Consider yourself a priority (优先). (如果别人看到你有这个，他们也会考虑和欣赏你和你的需求。认为你自己是优先考虑的对象)”可知，下文中this指代上文的respect yourself，上下文都在强调要想被人尊重，首先要尊重自己，承接上下文，C选项“尊重自己。”切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Therefore, if we give our opinion but with a faint voice (因此，如果我们以微弱的声音给出我们的意见)”和下文“But on the contrary, if we express what we think in a firm voice, looking into the other’s eyes and confident in ourselves, they are more likely to respect us. (但恰恰相反，如果我们用坚定的声音表达自己的想法，看着对方的眼睛，对自己充满信心，他们就更有可能尊重我们)”可知，如果我们用坚定的声音表达自己的想法，人们就更有可能尊重我们，相反，如果我们以微弱的声音给出我们的意见，人们就不太会尊重我们所表达的东西，承接上下文，G选项“更有可能的是，没有人会考虑我们所说的话。”切题。故选G项。
【18题详解】
由小标题“3. Surround yourself against disrespect (让自己免受不尊重)”，上文“Some people are just always disrespectful and no matter what we do they will always disrespect others. (有些人总是不尊重别人，无论我们做什么，他们总是不尊重别人)”和下文“If you can’t keep them away then learn to ignore their comments. (如果你无法阻止他们，那就学会忽略他们的评论)”可知，我们要保护自己的尊严，如果我们无法阻止不尊重我们的人，那就要学会忽视他们，远离他们，承接上下文，A选项“我们应该尽量远离这些人。”切题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由上文“If they disrespect you or don’t take you seriously, defend yourself…With a “What you said hurt me”, “That comment was inappropriate” or “I won’t allow you to speak to me like that”(如果他们不尊重你或不认真对待你，那就为自己辩护……用“你说的话伤害了我”、“那评论不合适”或“我不允许你那样对我说话”)”可知，当面临不被尊重的情况，人们要为自己辩护，可得出下文应举例说明什么样的辩护对此类情况有效，承接上文，B选项“这些短语将有助于这种行为不再重复。”切题。故选B项。
【20题详解】
由下文“Even if we rationally know that we do deserve respect, sometimes unconsciously we don’t end up believing it. (即使我们理性地知道我们确实值得尊重，但有时在不知不觉中我们最终也不会相信这一点)”可知，人们在不知不觉中觉得自己不值得被尊重，承接下文，E选项“这可能是有意识的，也可能是无意识的。”切题。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I couldn’t believe it when Ron said “Honey, I bought us two camels!” I’d always been an animal ____21____. But beautiful was not a word I would have ever used to ____22____ a camel.
They were babies when bought and I ____23____ them Nadia and Sybil. I remember Nadia once ____24____ a male calf that lived for only a short time. It broke my heart to hear her throaty bellows (嘶哑地吼叫) as she mourned (哀悼) the ____25____. After a week, Nadia went back to eating and roaming (漫步), ____26____. I can’t know her inner feeling, but the ____27____ she showed left a deep impression on me.
Last fall, Sybil was believed to be in a deadly ____28____. I could see the suffering in her eyes, but she ____29____ through the pain during the trip to A&M, where we knew she’d have the best chance of _____30_____. Her strong will _____31_____ me and even the hospital team.
In 2016, Ron was diagnosed with cancer. We were both _____32_____ upset. For six months, he underwent intensive radiation treatments that left him quite _____33_____. I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals, keeping our household _____34_____ and lifting Ron’s spirits. I was _____35_____ mentally and physically. But Nadia and Sybil _____36_____ me that there’s power within us that carries us through even the toughest times.
Yet it wasn’t until I watched Nadia and Sybil live through _____37_____ that I realized that even during those _____38_____ years, there had been hope for me. Now, between animal feeding and other farm chores, I sit _____39_____ in our cottage, more at peace than I’ve ever been. I thank Ron for bringing me these camels. They’re truly a _____40_____ for me.
21. A. feeder B. lover C. doubter D. guardian
22. A. train B. raise C. describe D. observe
23. A. returned B. showed C. brought D. named
24. A. gave birth to B. got close to C. got out of D. gave rise to
25. A. sky B. earth C. incident D. loss
26. A. as usual B. in particular C. by coincidence D. in practice
27. A. beauty B. strength C. ambition D. awareness
28. A. behavior B. mistake C. panic D. condition
29. A. made sense B. tried out C. held on D. built up
30. A. liberty B. survival C. application D. shelter
31. A. amazed B. helped C. convinced D. promoted
32. A. secretly B. nearly C. temporarily D. extremely
33. A. busy B. weak C. serious D. nervous
34. A. independent B. existing C. running D. practical
35. A. exhausted B. disabled C. treated D. balanced
36. A. warned B. reminded C. surprised D. recommended
37. A. absurdness B. annoyance C. adaptation D. darkness
38. A. fruitless B. wonderful C. scary D. remote
39. A. contently B. aimlessly C. elegantly D. anxiously
40. A. figure B. possession C. blessing D. burden
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者是动物爱好者，她亲自见证了动物的坚强与力量，这也使她内心充满力量，学会了坚强面对黑暗时刻。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直是个动物爱好者。A. feeder进食者；B. lover爱好者；C. doubter持怀疑态度的人；D. guardian守卫。由下文语境和下文的“I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals”可知，作者带骆驼去看病，丈夫生病后独自照顾骆驼们，说明作者是个动物爱好者。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但美丽并不是我用来形容骆驼的词。A. train训练；B. raise提高；C. describe形容、描述；D. observe观察。由上文的“beautiful was not a word”和常识可知，骆驼并不美丽，所以作者认为不能用美丽来形容骆驼。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被买来的时候还是幼崽，我给他们起名叫娜迪亚和西比尔。A. returned回来；B. showed展示；C. brought买；D. named命名。由下文的“them Nadia and Sybil”可知，作者给两只骆驼分别取名为娜迪亚和西比尔。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得娜迪亚曾经生过一头活得很短的雄性骆驼幼崽。A. gave birth to生育；B. got close to接近；C. got out of出来；D. gave rise to引起。由下文的“a male calf that lived for only a short time”可知，娜迪亚曾经生过一头生命短暂的雄性骆驼幼崽。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她为失去亲人而悲伤时，听到她嘶哑地吼声，我的心都碎了。A. sky天空；B. earth地球；C. incident事故；D. loss逝世。由上文的“a male calf that lived for only a short time”可知，雄性骆驼幼崽生命短暂，娜迪亚为幼崽逝世而悲伤。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：一周后，娜迪亚像往常一样，又吃又逛，我不知道她的内心感受，但她表现出的力量给我留下了深刻的印象。A. as usual像往常一样；B. in particular尤其；C. by coincidence巧合；D. in practice实际上。由上文的“After a week, Nadia went back to eating and roaming (漫步)”可知，一周后，娜迪亚又吃又逛，恢复了往常的样子。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周后，娜迪亚像往常一样，又吃又逛，我不知道她内心感受，但她表现出的力量给我留下了深刻的印象。A. beauty美丽；B. strength力量；C. ambition志向；D. awareness意识。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，这体现出的力量给作者留下了深刻的印象。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年秋天，西比尔被认为处于致命状态。A. behavior行为；B. mistake错误；C. panic恐慌；D. condition状态。由下文的“I could see the suffering in her eyes”和“the pain”可知，西比尔因病痛苦，作者把她送医，说明西比尔当时处于致命状态。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我能从她的眼睛里看到痛苦，但在去A&M的路上，她在痛苦中挺住了，我们知道她在那里会有最好的生存机会。A. made sense有意义；B. tried out尝试；C. held on坚持、挺住；D. built up增强。由上文的“Last fall, Sybil was believed to be in a deadly ____8____.”，“I could see the suffering in her eyes, but”和下文的“the pain”可知，but表转折，西比尔当时处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能从她的眼睛里看到痛苦，但在去A&M的路上，她在痛苦中挺住了，我们知道她在那里会有最好的生存机会。A. liberty自由；B. survival生存；C. application申请；D. shelter庇护所。由上文的“during the trip to A&M”和下文的“even the hospital team”可知，A&M应该是动物医疗机构，西比尔在A&M会有最好的生存机会。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的坚强意志令我甚至医院团队感到惊讶。A. amazed使惊讶；B. helped帮助；C. convinced使相信；D. promoted提升。由上文语境可知，西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，她的坚强意志令作者甚至医院团队感到惊讶。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们都非常沮丧。A. secretly秘密地；B. nearly几乎；C. temporarily暂时地；D. extremely非常。由上文的“In 2016, Ron was diagnosed with cancer.”可知，作者丈夫罗恩被诊断患有癌症，这是一件不幸的事，二人都非常沮丧。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六个月来，他接受了密集的放射治疗，身体非常虚弱。A. busy忙碌的；B. weak虚弱的；C. serious严重的；D. nervous紧张的。由上文的“For six months, he underwent intensive radiation treatments”可知，连续6月的放射治疗让罗恩身体虚弱。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我独自负责照顾动物，维持我们家的运转，鼓舞罗恩的精神。A. independent独立的；B. existing现存的；C. running运转的；D. practical实际的。由上文的“I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals, keeping our household”可知，虽然罗恩生病了，但作者依旧像往常一样照顾动物（不过是独自进行），维持家庭运转。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我身心俱疲。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. disabled残疾的；C. treated处理；D. balanced平衡的。由上文的“I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals, keeping our household ____14____ and lifting Ron’s spirits.”可知，罗恩生病了，作者要独自照顾动物，维持家庭运转，还要鼓励丈夫，这让作者身心俱疲。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但娜迪亚和西比尔提醒我，即使是最艰难的时刻，我们内心也有力量。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. surprised使惊讶；D. recommended推荐。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，体现出的力量给作者留下了深刻的印象；西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，她的坚强意志令作者甚至医院团队感到惊讶；说明两只骆驼表现出来的内在精神力量提醒了作者，即使是最艰难的时刻，我们内心也有力量。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我看着娜迪亚和西比尔度过了黑暗，我才意识到，即使在那些可怕的岁月里，我仍然有希望。A. absurdness荒谬；B. annoyance恼怒；C. adaptation适应；D. darkness黑暗。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，两只骆驼都度过了黑暗的日子。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我看着娜迪亚和西比尔度过了黑暗，我才意识到，即使在那些可怕的岁月里，我仍然有希望。A. fruitless徒劳的；B. wonderful精彩的；C. scary可怕的；D. remote遥远的。由上文的“there’s power within us that carries us through even the toughest times”可知，此处指可怕的岁月里，作者内心有力量、仍然有希望。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，在喂食动物和做其他农活之间，我心满意足地坐在我们的小屋里，比以往任何时候都更加平静。A. contently心满意足地；B. aimlessly无目的地；C. elegantly优雅地；D. anxiously焦虑地。由上文的“even during those ____18____ years, there had been hope for me”和下文的“more at peace than I’ve ever been”可知，两只骆驼体现的精神力量在丈夫病后，让作者意识到在可怕的岁月里，人仍然有希望，所以现在作者心满意足、更加平静。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们真的是我的福气。A. figure人物；B. possession占有；C. blessing祝福；D. burden负担。由上文的“I thank Ron for bringing me these camels.”可知，作者感谢罗恩带给自己这些骆驼，而两只骆驼体现的精神力量在丈夫病后，让作者意识到在可怕的岁月里，人仍然有希望，所以骆驼是作者的福气。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Edinburgh, ____41____ is located in the southeast of Scotland, is the capital of Scotland.
With its museums, shops, ____42____ (wonder) historic castles and many restaurants, there are many interesting things for visitors ____43____ (enjoy) all year round.
Besides, there is more to have fun in Edinburgh. Each year, the Edinburgh International Festival takes place in the city. In late summer, for three weeks, the festival presents classical music, theatre, opera and dance throughout the city. Whatever your cultural ____44____ (taste) are, you are sure to find something to enjoy.
So far, the Edinburgh International Festival has earned ____45____ (it) reputation as one of the world’s ____46____ (great) celebrations of the arts. The founders believed that the programs should be of highest possible artistic standard ____47____ (present) by the best artists in the world, that the festival should enrich the cultural life of Europe ____48____ that it should provide a platform for the flowering of the human spirit.
The popularity of the festival resulted ____49____ the birth of another festival soon—the Edinburgh Fringe Festival (艺穗节). Both of them _____50_____ (be) widely popular over the past 70 years.
【答案】41. which
42. wonderful
43. to enjoy
44. tastes 45. its
46. greatest
47. presented
48. and 49. in
50. have been
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，苏格兰首府爱丁堡有很多博物馆、历史城堡和餐馆等等，游客一年四季来都有有趣的事情可以做；爱丁堡国际艺术节更是享有世界上最好的艺术庆祝盛典之一的美誉。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：爱丁堡位于苏格兰东南部，是苏格兰的首都。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Edinburgh，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这里有博物馆、商店、极好的历史城堡和许多餐馆，全年都有许多有趣的东西供游客享用。形容词wonderful作定语，修饰名词短语historic castles。故填wonderful。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这里有博物馆、商店、极好的城堡和许多餐馆，全年都有许多有趣的东西供游客享用。“for +宾语+动词不定式”是英语中一个常见的结构，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等多种句子成分，在这句话中作名词interesting things的后置定语，并且在这句话中visitor与enjoy之间是主动关系，所以使用动词不定式的主动式。故填to enjoy。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：无论你的文化品味是什么，你一定会找到可以享受的东西。“taste”本身是可以作可数名词时，表示“味道、口味”，又由于空格后的系动词是are，所以空格处填名词的复数形式。故填tastes。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：到目前为止，爱丁堡国际艺术节已经赢得了世界上最伟大的艺术庆典之一的声誉。结合主语the Edinburgh International Festival,可知此处使用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词reputation。故填its。
【46题详解】
考查最高级。句意：到目前为止，爱丁堡国际艺术节已经赢得了世界上最伟大的艺术庆典之一的声誉。one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一”，此处用形容词最高级。故填greatest。
【47题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：创始人们相信，这些节目应该是世界上最优秀的艺术家所呈现的最高艺术水平，艺术节应该丰富欧洲的文化生活，应该为人类精神的繁荣提供一个平台。本句已有谓语should be且无连词，动词present用非谓语形式，artistic standard与动词present是动宾关系，present用过去分词表被动，作后置定语修饰名词短语artistic standard。故填presented。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：创始人们相信，这些节目应该是世界上最优秀的艺术家所呈现的最高艺术水平，艺术节应该丰富欧洲的文化生活，应该为人类精神的繁荣提供一个平台。动词believe后跟了三个并列的宾语从句，所以在最后一个that从句前用并列连词and。故填and。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个节日的流行催生了另一个节日——爱丁堡边缘艺术节。结合句意可知使用固定搭配result in (导致)。故填in。
【50题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的70年里，这两种节日都广受欢迎。结合时间状语over the past 70 years可知，时态用现在完成时，主语Both of them是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was happy that I took guided tour of the Summer Palace on Sunday with my classmates and teachers. We go there by coach. The scenery was too beautiful that we took a great number of picture there. Then we walked around the lake, listen to the guide talking about the history of it. The Summer Palace was special designed. After three hours, we were hungry so we ate and drank that we brought with us. We were soon full with energy. We decided to climb the Longevity Hill. We all felt delightedly when we were on the top of it. Although we were tired, but we really had a good time.
【答案】1.在guided前面加a
2. go→went
3. too→so
4. picture→pictures
5. listen→listening
6. special→specially
7. that→what
8. with→of
9. delightedly→delighted
10.去掉but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者在星期天和同学和老师一起参观了颐和园的经历和感想。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：我很高兴周日和我的同学和老师一起在导游的带领下参观了颐和园。tour是可数名词，句中泛指“一次有导游的游览”，guided以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a限定。故在guided前面加a。
2. 考查时态。句意：我们坐长途汽车去那里。由时间状语on Sunday可知，描述过去的事情，所以go用一般过去时态。故将go改为went。
3. 考查结果状语从句。句意：风景很美，我们在那里拍了很多照片。so…that…(如此……以致于……)引导结果状语从句。故将too改为so。
4. 考查名词的数。句意：风景很美，我们在那里拍了很多照片。a great number of (很多)，后跟复数名词。故将picture改为pictures。
5. 考查现在分词。句意：然后我们绕着湖走了一圈，听导游讲述它的历史。本句已有谓语walked around且无连词，动词listen用非谓语形式，逻辑主语we与动词listen是主谓关系，用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故将listen改为listening。
6. 考查副词。句意：颐和园是专门设计的。副词specially作状语修饰动词design。故将special改为specially。
7. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：三个小时后，我们饿了，所以我们吃了喝了我们带来的东西。动词ate and drank后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺乏宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用连接代词what引导，that引导宾语从句时，that不作成分，无含义。故将that改为what。
8. 考查固定搭配。句意：我们很快就充满了活力。固定搭配be full of (充满……)。故将with改为of。
9. 考查形容词。句意：当我们到达顶峰时，我们都感到很高兴。作表语，所以用修饰人的-ed形容词delighted。故将delightedly改为delighted。
10. 考查连词。句意：虽然我们很累，但我们真的玩得很开心。前面有although引导让步状语从句，所以后面不用but。故去掉but。
第二节：书面表达（共1小题；满分25分）
52. 北京冬奥会已经闭幕，来自世界各国的运动员和观众想参观中国的旅游胜地和名胜古迹。请你向他们介绍一处最具代表性的旅游胜地或名胜古迹。
注意：词数100左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Beijing is the capital of China, which is a famous tourist attraction. It is a modern city with a long history. It lies in the north of China. Millions of people from different parts of the world come to Beijing. They come here to taste the famous food—Beijing Roast Duck and visit the places of interest.
There are many places of interest. Take a bus, and you can get to the Great Wall, the Ming Tombs and the Tian’anmen Square. From them you can learn a lot about Chinese history. Of course, you can also visit the museums such as Museum of Chinese History, Beijing Museum of Natural History.
If you want to learn more about China, welcome to Beijing.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向参加完北京冬奥会的来自世界各国的运动员和观众，介绍一处最具代表性的旅游胜地或名胜古迹以便其参观。
【详解】1.词汇积累
位于：lie in→be located in
参观：visit→pay a visit to
到达：get to→reach
想要做某事：want to do sth.→feel like doing sth.
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：It is a modern city with a long history. It lies in the north of China.
拓展句：Beijing is a modern city with a long history, which lies in the north of China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Beijing is the capital of China, which is a famous tourist attraction. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】If you want to learn more about China, welcome to Beijing. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
听力答案：1-20 CACBA BCCBA ACBBC BAABA
高中二年级学业质量监测
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man going to do first?
A. Get some drinks. B. Ask the way. C. Refuel the car.
2. What time is Mr. Robert expected to take the bus?
A. At 5:45 a.m. B. At 6:15 a.m. C. At 5:30 a.m.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a concert hall. B. At the man’s. C. At a studio.
4. What happened to the driver?
A. He ran into a bicycle. B. He ran into a tree. C. He drove too slowly.
5. Why is the woman upset?
A. She had an argument with her husband.
B. Her husband quarreled with their son.
C. Her husband couldn’t find a suitable job.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What’s the weather like?
A. Cloudy and warm. B. Lovely and warm. C. Fine but cloudy.
7. Where are the speakers?
A. At the station. B. In a flat. C. In a park.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Director and actress. B. Fan and film star. C. Journalist and actress.
9. What part does the woman play?
A. An old lady. B. A young lady. C. A doctor.
10. What did the woman say about the play?
A. It’s a comedy. B. It’s directed by herself. C. It’s loved by people.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What was the woman doing when she saw the dolphins?
A. Swimming. B. Diving. C. Sailing.
12. Why did the woman give up skydiving?
A. The weather was bad. B. She felt quite tired. C. She got frightened.
13. What did the woman find most exciting?
A. Hiking in the rainforest. B. Exploring the old caves. C. Climbing the mountains.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is the woman?
A. An office clerk. B. An immigration official. C. An air hostess.
15. Which line is for the residents?
A. The line on the man’s right.
B. The line on the woman’s left.
C. The line on the woman’s right.
16. How long will the man study in the UK?
A. For a few months. B. For a year. C. For two years.
17. How will the man pay for living costs and tuition fees?
A. His father has paid in advance.
B. He has won a scholarship.
C. He will take a part-time job.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. Where is the starting line?
A. At Fenghe Road. B. At the World Expo site. C. At the Sports Center.
19. Who will not be invited to the race?
A. Foreign runners meeting health requirements.
B. The top runners from other countries.
C. Those registered on the website.
20. What can the Champion win?
A. 50,000 yuan. B. 80,000 yuan. C. 100,000 yuan.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are remarkable scientists who improved our understanding of almost everything around us. Click to learn more about the scientists who, through their contributions and discoveries, changed the world as we know it.
Galileo (1564—1642) Creating one of the first modem telescopes, Galileo completely changed our understanding of the world, successfully proving the Earth circles around the Sun and not the other way around. His work Two New Sciences laid the groundwork for the science of Kinetics and strength of materials.
Sir Isaac Newton (1642—1726) Newton was a polymath who made investigations into a whole range of subjects including mathematics, physics, and astronomy. In his Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, he laid the foundations for classical mechanics, explaining the law of gravity and the laws of motion.
Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Darwin developed his theory of evolution against a background of disbelief and skepticism. He collected evidence over 20 years and published his conclusions in On the Origin of Species (1859).
Marie Curie (1867-1934) A Polish physicist and chemist, Curie discovered radiation and helped to apply it in the field of X-ray. She won the Nobel Prize in both Chemistry and Physics.
Albert Einstein (1879—1955) Revolutionized modern physics with his general theory of relativity. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1921) for his discovery of the Photoelectric Effect, which formed the basis of Quantum Theory.
1. Who is the author of Principia Mathematica?
A. Galileo B. Sir Isaac Newton C. Charles Darwin D. Albert Einstein
2. What do Marie Curie and Albert Einstein have in common?
A. They were the greatest chemists.
B. They were the Nobel Prize winners.
C. They had a deep study of physics and astronomy.
D. They laid the foundation for the development of classical medicine.
3. Where can the text be found?
A. In a history book. B. In a novel. C. In an art magazine. D. On a science website.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五名科学家的情况以及成就。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Sir Isaac Newton (1642—1726) Newton was a polymath who made investigations into a whole range of subjects including mathematics, physics, and astronomy. In his Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, he laid the foundations for classical mechanics, explaining the law of gravity and the laws of motion.(艾萨克·牛顿爵士（1642—1726）是一位博学多才的人，他研究了包括数学、物理和天文学在内的一系列学科。在1687年出版的《数学原理》一书中，他为经典力学奠定了基础，解释了万有引力定律和运动定律)”可知，艾萨克·牛顿爵士是《数学原理》的作者。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“She won the Nobel Prize in both Chemistry and Physics.(她获得了化学和物理学的诺贝尔奖)”以及最后一段中“He won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1921) for his discovery of the Photoelectric Effect, which formed the basis of Quantum Theory.(他因发现光电效应而获得诺贝尔物理学奖（1921年），光电效应奠定了量子理论的基础)”可知，居里夫人和爱因斯坦的共同之处是他们是诺贝尔奖获得者。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Click to learn more about the scientists who, through their contributions and discoveries, changed the world as we know it.(点击了解更多关于科学家的信息，他们通过他们的贡献和发现，改变了我们所知道的世界)”结合文章主要介绍了五名科学家的情况以及成就。可推知，文章可能在一个科学网站上被找到。故选D。
B
Chen Wei, a high school student, was having dinner when he heard someone screaming from another table. A fellow diner, Zhang Tao, was choking on something. He was holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back. Chen wasted no time. He rushed to Zhang’s table at once. With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was instantly forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again.
Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse (崩溃) and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, practical, and easy. It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can lean how.
If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out.
With choking victims, every minute counts. You can’t just sit there and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school. Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans, and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare”.
4. What is the Heimlich manoeuvre?
A. An American doctor. B. A choking victim.
C. An emergency situation. D. A first aid method.
5. Why is choking such a serious condition?
A. Millions of people die of it every year.
B. Most of the victims are young children.
C. It is minutes before a victim falls down or dies.
D. There are no effective ways to save victims from it.
6. Which action does the Heimlich manoeuvre NOT include?
A. To make a fist with one hand.
B. To hold the victim’s throat with one hand.
C. To grab your fist with the other hand tightly.
D. To stand behind the victim who is really choking.
7. Which word can describe the quality of Chen Wei?
A. Ambitious. B. Cooperative.
C Responsible. D. Optimistic.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过高中生陈伟在学校救了一位快要窒息的同学，介绍一种挽救窒息患者的急救方法。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse (崩溃) and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. (当没有时间等救护车到达，窒息的受害者在晕倒、有时甚至是死亡前，通常只剩大约四分钟的时间。为了解决这个问题，1974年，美国医生Henry Heimlich创造了Heimlich manoeuvre，挽救了世界各地数千人的生命。)”及最后一段“With choking victims, every minute counts. You can’t just sit there and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school. (对于窒息的受害者，每一分钟都很重要。你不能只是坐在那里什么都不做。幸运的是，陈已经在学校学会了如何提供急救。)”可知，Heimlich manoeuvre指的是挽救窒息患者的一种急救方法。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse (崩溃) and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. (当没有时间等救护车到达，窒息的受害者在晕倒、有时甚至是死亡前，通常只剩大约四分钟的时间。)”可知，在窒息患者晕倒或死亡前，只有4分钟的短暂时间，情况很严重。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out. (如果你看到有人要窒息，请先给紧急服务部门打电话。然后，确保受害者真的窒息：窒息的人不能说话。拍打受害者的背部通常会迫使障碍物消失。如果这不起作用，你可以通过站在他身后并将手臂缠绕在他的腰上来执行Heimlich manoeuvre。用一只手握成拳头，放在肚子的上半部分。用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头，一举推入他的肚子。继续执行此操作，直到障碍物被强行拔出。)”可知，Heimlich manoeuvre包括：用一只手握成拳头、用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头、站在窒息患者的身后。其中不包括用一只手扼住受害者的喉咙。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans, and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare”. (陈后来谈到这件事时说：“我怎么能证明坐在那里、什么也不做是合理的呢？我们都是人，我们都有责任照顾彼此的安全健康。”)”可知，陈对他人的生命安全健康很负责，故选C项。
C
The tornadoes that recently struck the U.S. are some of the most destructive and deadly in history. The death in Kentucky, the hardest hit state, reached 80 on Monday, with dozens still unaccounted for. The scale of destruction and timing of the tornadoes so late in the year — most tornadoes occur in the spring and summer — is fueling discussion about how climate change may have influenced this deadly disaster.
“In my 40 years as a meteorologist (气象学家), this was one of the most shocking weather events I’ve ever witnessed,” says Jeff Masters, at Yale Climate Connections. “Watching these storms on Friday night, my thought was, ‘Is no season safe?’ Extreme tornadoes in December. That was mind blowing to me.”
Unlike heat waves and floods, the link between a wanning world and tornadoes is complex and uncertain. Scientists have several theories about how tornado behavior may change. Tornadoes in December are possible. But it remains to be seen whether climate change will strengthen or increase the frequency of tornadoes.
According to NOAA’s data, there has been a recorded increase in the number of observed tornadoes since 1950, which experts believe is largely due to better technology such as Doppler radar. There’s been no observed increase in the frequency of major tornadoes over time. For example, 59 of the most severe F5 tornadoes in the U.S. have occurred since 1950. But if the storm that destroyed Kentucky turns out to have been an F5, it will have been the first since 2013 — bringing to an end the longest recorded period so far.
Nevertheless, “given the general influence of global warming on the atmosphere, it makes sense that it should be having an impact on tornadoes too,” says Victor Gensini, an extreme weather expert at Northern Illinois University. “Instead of asking: ‘Did climate change cause this tornado?’ It’s better to operate under the assumption that climate change did play a role,” he says.
While the science on climate change and tornadoes isn’t clear, meteorologists are predicting that conditions benefiting tornadoes will continue this month. “I’m worried about the rest of the year to be honest. I don’t think we’re out of the woods yet.” Gensini says.
8. What is one difference between the recent tornadoes and the ones in the past?
A. They hit only Kentucky. B. They happened in December.
C. They caused no deaths. D. They caught people unprepared.
9. What can be inferred in paragraph 3?
A. Waves and floods often follow tornadoes.
B. There is an agreement on how tornadoes may change.
C. Climate change will make tornadoes the most deadly disaster.
D. Scientists are unsure about how climate change influences tornadoes.
10. Which statement may Victor Gensini agree with?
A. The climate change most likely has an effect on tornadoes.
B. The tornadoes have nothing to do with climate warming.
C The science on climate change is advancing very quickly.
D. The climate change will make tornadoes much less frequent.
11. What does the underlined phrase “out of the woods” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Out of forest. B. Out of difficulty.
C. Out of danger. D. Out of question.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国最近遭受了历史上最具破坏性和致命性的龙卷风的袭击，专家认为美国近年来频发的龙卷风可能与气候变化相关。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“The scale of destruction and timing of the tornadoes so late in the year — most tornadoes occur in the spring and summer (今年晚些时候龙卷风的破坏规模和发生时间——大多数龙卷风发生在春季和夏季)”和第二段中的“‘Watching these storms on Friday night, my thought was, ‘Is no season safe?’ Extreme tornadoes in December. That was mind blowing to me.’(“周五晚上看到这些风暴，我的想法是，‘没有季节安全吗？’12月的极端龙卷风。这让我大吃一惊。”)”可知，过去龙卷风发生在春季和夏季，而最近的龙卷风发生在12月。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“Scientists have several theories about how tornado behavior may change. (科学家们对龙卷风轨迹可能如何改变有几种理论)”和“But it remains to be seen whether climate change will strengthen or increase the frequency of tornadoes. (但气候变化是否会加强或增加龙卷风的频率还有待观察)”可得出，科学家对龙卷风轨迹怎样变化没有定论，不确定气候变化如何影响龙卷风。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Nevertheless, “given the general influence of global warming on the atmosphere, it makes sense that it should be having an impact on tornadoes too,” says Victor Gensini, an extreme weather expert at Northern Illinois University. “Instead of asking: ‘Did climate change cause this tornado?’ It’s better to operate under the assumption that climate change did play a role,” he says. (然而，北伊利诺伊大学极端天气专家维克多·根西尼说，“考虑到全球变暖对大气的普遍影响，全球变暖也应该对龙卷风产生影响是有道理的。”“与其问：‘气候变化导致了这次龙卷风吗？’不如假设气候变化确实起了作用，”他说)”可知， Victor Gensini认为气候变化很可能对龙卷风产生影响。故选A项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。由最后一段“While the science on climate change and tornadoes isn’t clear, meteorologists are predicting that conditions benefiting tornadoes will continue this month. “I’m worried about the rest of the year to be honest. I don’t think we’re out of the woods yet.” Gensini says. (虽然气候变化和龙卷风的科学研究尚不清楚，但气象学家预测，本月有利于龙卷风的条件将继续存在。“老实说，我担心今年剩下的时间。我认为我们还未out of the woods。”根西尼说)”可知，本月可能还会发生龙卷风，Gensini很担心，觉得人们还未摆脱龙卷风的危险，out of the woods在此处意为“out of danger (脱离危险)”。故选C项。
D
“In time, we will put our eyes to this light and see that these people are the peers of nature. And forgivingly, when they appear we will lift up our song and sing, and say we cannot praise too much of any single thing.” It may read like poetry, but these lines weren’t composed by a poet — they were written by an artificial intelligence (AI).
It appeared in early December on the face of the UK Pavilion (展馆) at Expo 2020 in Dubai, and it was created from a single word chosen by a visitor to the pavilion, which was then fed to an AI that had previously been trained with millions of lines of poetry. The result forms part of a “Collective Message” — a continuous poetry shown on the bar screens arranged in a circle at one end of the cone-shaped (锥形) pavilion, which was designed by Es Devlin, a British artist whose previous works includes stage sets for the London 2012 Olympic Closing Ceremony. She is the first female designer of a UK pavilion since the Expo started in 1851.
Devlin’s inspiration to create Collective Message came from famed scientist Stephen Hawking. In 2015, three years before his death, he approved a competition in which people were invited to submit a potential message for an advanced alien civilization, with the goal of meaningfully representing mankind and our planet.
In a similar way, visitors to the pavilion are encouraged to send a message to the AI and acknowledge the role that AI plays in our lives. “We don’t want this thing just to be like a museum with lots of different exhibits, and we really want something that visitors could engage with,” says Stuart Bradbury of creative agency Avantgarde, “The AI was created specifically for this project, many AI experts and social organizations, including the Poetry Archive, the Poetry Society and the Scottish Poetry Library, worked with developers to train and improve AI output over six months, and we think we’ve created something really special.”
12. Who is the designer of the Collective Message?
A. Stephen Hawking. B. Stuart Bradbury.
C. Es Devlin. D. Poetry Archive.
13. Why is Stephen Hawking mentioned in the third paragraph?
A. To introduce the theme of the Expo 2020.
B. To popularize the world-famous scientist.
C. To state the source of inspiration for this project.
D. To increase the authority of the design of the pavilion.
14. Which statement is right according to the article?
A. Es Devlin is the first female artist in British history.
B. Es Devlin is as well known as Stephen Hawking.
C. All visitors acknowledged the role that AI plays in their lives.
D. The AI had been previously trained with millions of lines of poetry.
15. Which is the suitable title for the article?
A. Creative inspiration is everywhere.
B. Visitors are encouraged to compose poems.
C. Poems written by a computer light up the UK Pavilion at Expo Dubai.
D. An AI that can write poems was created successfully.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在12月初的迪拜2020年世博会英国馆展示了一个可以写诗的人工智能。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“The result forms part of a “Collective Message” — a continuous poetry shown on the bar screens arranged in a circle at one end of the cone-shaped (锥形) pavilion, which was designed by Es Devlin. (这一结果构成了“Collective Message”的一部分——圆锥形展馆一端以圆形排列的吧台屏幕上显示的连续诗歌。该展馆由英国艺术家埃斯·德夫林设计)”和第三段中的“Devlin’s inspiration to create Collective Message came from famed scientist Stephen Hawking. (德夫林创作Collective Message的灵感来自著名科学家斯蒂芬·霍金)”可知，Es Devlin是Collective Message的设计者。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“Devlin’s inspiration to create Collective Message came from famed scientist Stephen Hawking. (德夫林创作Collective Message的灵感来自著名科学家斯蒂芬·霍金)”可知，第三段提到斯蒂芬·霍金是为了陈述该项目的灵感来源。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“It appeared in early December on the face of the UK Pavilion (展馆) at Expo 2020 in Dubai, and it was created from a single word chosen by a visitor to the pavilion, which was then fed to an AI that had previously been trained with millions of lines of poetry. (它于12月初出现在迪拜2020年世博会英国馆的正面，它是由一位参观者选择的一个单词创造出来的，然后被输入到一个人工智能中，这个人工智能之前接受过数百万行诗歌的训练)”可知，D项“人工智能之前接受过数百万行诗歌的训练”正确。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中的“It may read like poetry, but these lines weren’t composed by a poet — they were written by an artificial intelligence (AI). (它读起来可能像诗歌，但这些诗句不是诗人写的——它们是人工智能（AI）写的)”和最后一段中的“The AI was created specifically for this project, many AI experts and social organizations, including the Poetry Archive, the Poetry Society and the Scottish Poetry Library, worked with developers to train and improve AI output over six months, and we think we’ve created something really special. (人工智能是专门为这个项目创建的，许多人工智能专家和社会组织，包括诗歌档案馆、诗歌协会和苏格兰诗歌图书馆，与开发人员合作，在六个月的时间里培训和改进人工智能输出，我们认为我们创造了一些非常特别的东西)”可知，文章介绍在12月初的迪拜2020年世博会英国馆上出现的诗歌，引出一个被成功创造出来的可以写诗的人工智能，D项“一个可以写诗的人工智能被成功创造出来”符合文意。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中存两项为多余选项。
Learn to respect yourself
Sometimes it’s hard to get others to respect us if we don’t do it ourselves.
1. ____16____
If others see that you have this, they will also consider and appreciate you and your needs. Consider yourself a priority (优先).
2. Use body language
Body language is very important because it helps to transmit a lot of information, although many times the information we send with the body is contradictory to our words. Therefore, if we give our opinion but with a faint voice, ____17____. But on the contrary, if we express what we think in a firm voice, looking into the other’s eyes and confident in ourselves, they are more likely to respect us.
3. Surround yourself against disrespect
Some people are just always disrespectful and no matter what we do they will always disrespect others. ____18____. If you can’t keep them away then learn to ignore their comments.
4. Defend yourself against disrespect
If they disrespect you or don’t take you seriously, defend yourself. Don’t allow it. Don’t attack or respond in the same way either. With a “What you said hurt me”, “That comment was inappropriate” or “I won’t allow you to speak to me like that”, ____19____.
5. Boost your self-esteem
Many times we are not respected because we don’t consider ourselves worthy of it. ____20____. Even if we rationally know that we do deserve respect, sometimes unconsciously we don’t end up believing it. That is why it’s important to work on your self-esteem.
A. These people we should keep further away from us as possible.
B. these phrases will help for this behavior not to repeat again.
C. Respect yourself.
D. These phrases are important for you.
E. This may be conscious or unconscious.
F. So these people are impolite.
G. it is more likely that no one will take into account what we are saying.
【答案】16 C 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，学会尊重自己的方法和策略。
【16题详解】
由小标题“Learn to respect yourself (学会尊重自己)”，上文“Sometimes it’s hard to get others to respect us if we don’t do it ourselves. (有时候，如果我们不自己去做，很难让别人尊重我们)”和下文“If others see that you have this, they will also consider and appreciate you and your needs. Consider yourself a priority (优先). (如果别人看到你有这个，他们也会考虑和欣赏你和你的需求。认为你自己是优先考虑的对象)”可知，下文中this指代上文的respect yourself，上下文都在强调要想被人尊重，首先要尊重自己，承接上下文，C选项“尊重自己。”切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Therefore, if we give our opinion but with a faint voice (因此，如果我们以微弱的声音给出我们的意见)”和下文“But on the contrary, if we express what we think in a firm voice, looking into the other’s eyes and confident in ourselves, they are more likely to respect us. (但恰恰相反，如果我们用坚定的声音表达自己的想法，看着对方的眼睛，对自己充满信心，他们就更有可能尊重我们)”可知，如果我们用坚定的声音表达自己的想法，人们就更有可能尊重我们，相反，如果我们以微弱的声音给出我们的意见，人们就不太会尊重我们所表达的东西，承接上下文，G选项“更有可能的是，没有人会考虑我们所说的话。”切题。故选G项。
【18题详解】
由小标题“3. Surround yourself against disrespect (让自己免受不尊重)”，上文“Some people are just always disrespectful and no matter what we do they will always disrespect others. (有些人总是不尊重别人，无论我们做什么，他们总是不尊重别人)”和下文“If you can’t keep them away then learn to ignore their comments. (如果你无法阻止他们，那就学会忽略他们的评论)”可知，我们要保护自己的尊严，如果我们无法阻止不尊重我们的人，那就要学会忽视他们，远离他们，承接上下文，A选项“我们应该尽量远离这些人。”切题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由上文“If they disrespect you or don’t take you seriously, defend yourself…With a “What you said hurt me”, “That comment was inappropriate” or “I won’t allow you to speak to me like that”(如果他们不尊重你或不认真对待你，那就为自己辩护……用“你说的话伤害了我”、“那评论不合适”或“我不允许你那样对我说话”)”可知，当面临不被尊重的情况，人们要为自己辩护，可得出下文应举例说明什么样的辩护对此类情况有效，承接上文，B选项“这些短语将有助于这种行为不再重复。”切题。故选B项。
【20题详解】
由下文“Even if we rationally know that we do deserve respect, sometimes unconsciously we don’t end up believing it. (即使我们理性地知道我们确实值得尊重，但有时在不知不觉中我们最终也不会相信这一点)”可知，人们在不知不觉中觉得自己不值得被尊重，承接下文，E选项“这可能是有意识的，也可能是无意识的。”切题。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I couldn’t believe it when Ron said “Honey, I bought us two camels!” I’d always been an animal ____21____. But beautiful was not a word I would have ever used to ____22____ a camel.
They were babies when bought and I ____23____ them Nadia and Sybil. I remember Nadia once ____24____ a male calf that lived for only a short time. It broke my heart to hear her throaty bellows (嘶哑地吼叫) as she mourned (哀悼) the ____25____. After a week, Nadia went back to eating and roaming (漫步), ____26____. I can’t know her inner feeling, but the ____27____ she showed left a deep impression on me.
Last fall, Sybil was believed to be in a deadly ____28____. I could see the suffering in her eyes, but she ____29____ through the pain during the trip to A&M, where we knew she’d have the best chance of _____30_____. Her strong will _____31_____ me and even the hospital team.
In 2016, Ron was diagnosed with cancer. We were both _____32_____ upset. For six months, he underwent intensive radiation treatments that left him quite _____33_____. I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals, keeping our household _____34_____ and lifting Ron’s spirits. I was _____35_____ mentally and physically. But Nadia and Sybil _____36_____ me that there’s power within us that carries us through even the toughest times.
Yet it wasn’t until I watched Nadia and Sybil live through _____37_____ that I realized that even during those _____38_____ years, there had been hope for me. Now, between animal feeding and other farm chores, I sit _____39_____ in our cottage, more at peace than I’ve ever been. I thank Ron for bringing me these camels. They’re truly a _____40_____ for me.
21. A. feeder B. lover C. doubter D. guardian
22. A. train B. raise C. describe D. observe
23. A. returned B. showed C. brought D. named
24. A. gave birth to B. got close to C. got out of D. gave rise to
25. A. sky B. earth C. incident D. loss
26. A. as usual B. in particular C. by coincidence D. in practice
27. A. beauty B. strength C. ambition D. awareness
28. A. behavior B. mistake C. panic D. condition
29. A. made sense B. tried out C. held on D. built up
30. A. liberty B. survival C. application D. shelter
31. A. amazed B. helped C. convinced D. promoted
32. A. secretly B. nearly C. temporarily D. extremely
33. A. busy B. weak C. serious D. nervous
34. A. independent B. existing C. running D. practical
35. A. exhausted B. disabled C. treated D. balanced
36. A. warned B. reminded C. surprised D. recommended
37. A. absurdness B. annoyance C. adaptation D. darkness
38. A. fruitless B. wonderful C. scary D. remote
39. A. contently B. aimlessly C. elegantly D. anxiously
40. A. figure B. possession C. blessing D. burden
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者是动物爱好者，她亲自见证了动物的坚强与力量，这也使她内心充满力量，学会了坚强面对黑暗时刻。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直是个动物爱好者。A. feeder进食者；B. lover爱好者；C. doubter持怀疑态度的人；D. guardian守卫。由下文语境和下文的“I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals”可知，作者带骆驼去看病，丈夫生病后独自照顾骆驼们，说明作者是个动物爱好者。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但美丽并不是我用来形容骆驼的词。A. train训练；B. raise提高；C. describe形容、描述；D. observe观察。由上文的“beautiful was not a word”和常识可知，骆驼并不美丽，所以作者认为不能用美丽来形容骆驼。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被买来的时候还是幼崽，我给他们起名叫娜迪亚和西比尔。A. returned回来；B. showed展示；C. brought买；D. named命名。由下文的“them Nadia and Sybil”可知，作者给两只骆驼分别取名为娜迪亚和西比尔。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得娜迪亚曾经生过一头活得很短的雄性骆驼幼崽。A. gave birth to生育；B. got close to接近；C. got out of出来；D. gave rise to引起。由下文的“a male calf that lived for only a short time”可知，娜迪亚曾经生过一头生命短暂的雄性骆驼幼崽。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她为失去亲人而悲伤时，听到她嘶哑地吼声，我的心都碎了。A. sky天空；B. earth地球；C. incident事故；D. loss逝世。由上文的“a male calf that lived for only a short time”可知，雄性骆驼幼崽生命短暂，娜迪亚为幼崽逝世而悲伤。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：一周后，娜迪亚像往常一样，又吃又逛，我不知道她的内心感受，但她表现出的力量给我留下了深刻的印象。A. as usual像往常一样；B. in particular尤其；C. by coincidence巧合；D. in practice实际上。由上文的“After a week, Nadia went back to eating and roaming (漫步)”可知，一周后，娜迪亚又吃又逛，恢复了往常的样子。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周后，娜迪亚像往常一样，又吃又逛，我不知道她内心感受，但她表现出的力量给我留下了深刻的印象。A. beauty美丽；B. strength力量；C. ambition志向；D. awareness意识。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，这体现出的力量给作者留下了深刻的印象。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年秋天，西比尔被认为处于致命状态。A. behavior行为；B. mistake错误；C. panic恐慌；D. condition状态。由下文的“I could see the suffering in her eyes”和“the pain”可知，西比尔因病痛苦，作者把她送医，说明西比尔当时处于致命状态。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我能从她的眼睛里看到痛苦，但在去A&M的路上，她在痛苦中挺住了，我们知道她在那里会有最好的生存机会。A. made sense有意义；B. tried out尝试；C. held on坚持、挺住；D. built up增强。由上文的“Last fall, Sybil was believed to be in a deadly ____8____.”，“I could see the suffering in her eyes, but”和下文的“the pain”可知，but表转折，西比尔当时处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能从她的眼睛里看到痛苦，但在去A&M的路上，她在痛苦中挺住了，我们知道她在那里会有最好的生存机会。A. liberty自由；B. survival生存；C. application申请；D. shelter庇护所。由上文的“during the trip to A&M”和下文的“even the hospital team”可知，A&M应该是动物医疗机构，西比尔在A&M会有最好的生存机会。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的坚强意志令我甚至医院团队感到惊讶。A. amazed使惊讶；B. helped帮助；C. convinced使相信；D. promoted提升。由上文语境可知，西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，她的坚强意志令作者甚至医院团队感到惊讶。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们都非常沮丧。A. secretly秘密地；B. nearly几乎；C. temporarily暂时地；D. extremely非常。由上文的“In 2016, Ron was diagnosed with cancer.”可知，作者丈夫罗恩被诊断患有癌症，这是一件不幸的事，二人都非常沮丧。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六个月来，他接受了密集的放射治疗，身体非常虚弱。A. busy忙碌的；B. weak虚弱的；C. serious严重的；D. nervous紧张的。由上文的“For six months, he underwent intensive radiation treatments”可知，连续6月的放射治疗让罗恩身体虚弱。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我独自负责照顾动物，维持我们家的运转，鼓舞罗恩的精神。A. independent独立的；B. existing现存的；C. running运转的；D. practical实际的。由上文的“I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals, keeping our household”可知，虽然罗恩生病了，但作者依旧像往常一样照顾动物（不过是独自进行），维持家庭运转。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我身心俱疲。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. disabled残疾的；C. treated处理；D. balanced平衡的。由上文的“I took sole responsibility for caring for the animals, keeping our household ____14____ and lifting Ron’s spirits.”可知，罗恩生病了，作者要独自照顾动物，维持家庭运转，还要鼓励丈夫，这让作者身心俱疲。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但娜迪亚和西比尔提醒我，即使是最艰难的时刻，我们内心也有力量。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. surprised使惊讶；D. recommended推荐。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，体现出的力量给作者留下了深刻的印象；西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，她的坚强意志令作者甚至医院团队感到惊讶；说明两只骆驼表现出来的内在精神力量提醒了作者，即使是最艰难的时刻，我们内心也有力量。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我看着娜迪亚和西比尔度过了黑暗，我才意识到，即使在那些可怕的岁月里，我仍然有希望。A. absurdness荒谬；B. annoyance恼怒；C. adaptation适应；D. darkness黑暗。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，两只骆驼都度过了黑暗的日子。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我看着娜迪亚和西比尔度过了黑暗，我才意识到，即使在那些可怕的岁月里，我仍然有希望。A. fruitless徒劳的；B. wonderful精彩的；C. scary可怕的；D. remote遥远的。由上文的“there’s power within us that carries us through even the toughest times”可知，此处指可怕的岁月里，作者内心有力量、仍然有希望。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，在喂食动物和做其他农活之间，我心满意足地坐在我们的小屋里，比以往任何时候都更加平静。A. contently心满意足地；B. aimlessly无目的地；C. elegantly优雅地；D. anxiously焦虑地。由上文的“even during those ____18____ years, there had been hope for me”和下文的“more at peace than I’ve ever been”可知，两只骆驼体现的精神力量在丈夫病后，让作者意识到在可怕的岁月里，人仍然有希望，所以现在作者心满意足、更加平静。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们真的是我的福气。A. figure人物；B. possession占有；C. blessing祝福；D. burden负担。由上文的“I thank Ron for bringing me these camels.”可知，作者感谢罗恩带给自己这些骆驼，而两只骆驼体现的精神力量在丈夫病后，让作者意识到在可怕的岁月里，人仍然有希望，所以骆驼是作者的福气。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Edinburgh, ____41____ is located in the southeast of Scotland, is the capital of Scotland.
With its museums, shops, ____42____ (wonder) historic castles and many restaurants, there are many interesting things for visitors ____43____ (enjoy) all year round.
Besides, there is more to have fun in Edinburgh. Each year, the Edinburgh International Festival takes place in the city. In late summer, for three weeks, the festival presents classical music, theatre, opera and dance throughout the city. Whatever your cultural ____44____ (taste) are, you are sure to find something to enjoy.
So far, the Edinburgh International Festival has earned ____45____ (it) reputation as one of the world’s ____46____ (great) celebrations of the arts. The founders believed that the programs should be of highest possible artistic standard ____47____ (present) by the best artists in the world, that the festival should enrich the cultural life of Europe ____48____ that it should provide a platform for the flowering of the human spirit.
The popularity of the festival resulted ____49____ the birth of another festival soon—the Edinburgh Fringe Festival (艺穗节). Both of them _____50_____ (be) widely popular over the past 70 years.
【答案】41. which
42. wonderful
43. to enjoy
44. tastes 45. its
46. greatest
47. presented
48. and 49. in
50. have been
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，苏格兰首府爱丁堡有很多博物馆、历史城堡和餐馆等等，游客一年四季来都有有趣的事情可以做；爱丁堡国际艺术节更是享有世界上最好的艺术庆祝盛典之一的美誉。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：爱丁堡位于苏格兰东南部，是苏格兰的首都。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Edinburgh，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这里有博物馆、商店、极好的历史城堡和许多餐馆，全年都有许多有趣的东西供游客享用。形容词wonderful作定语，修饰名词短语historic castles。故填wonderful。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这里有博物馆、商店、极好的城堡和许多餐馆，全年都有许多有趣的东西供游客享用。“for +宾语+动词不定式”是英语中一个常见的结构，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等多种句子成分，在这句话中作名词interesting things的后置定语，并且在这句话中visitor与enjoy之间是主动关系，所以使用动词不定式的主动式。故填to enjoy。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：无论你的文化品味是什么，你一定会找到可以享受的东西。“taste”本身是可以作可数名词时，表示“味道、口味”，又由于空格后的系动词是are，所以空格处填名词的复数形式。故填tastes。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：到目前为止，爱丁堡国际艺术节已经赢得了世界上最伟大的艺术庆典之一的声誉。结合主语the Edinburgh International Festival,可知此处使用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词reputation。故填its。
【46题详解】
考查最高级。句意：到目前为止，爱丁堡国际艺术节已经赢得了世界上最伟大的艺术庆典之一的声誉。one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一”，此处用形容词最高级。故填greatest。
【47题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：创始人们相信，这些节目应该是世界上最优秀的艺术家所呈现的最高艺术水平，艺术节应该丰富欧洲的文化生活，应该为人类精神的繁荣提供一个平台。本句已有谓语should be且无连词，动词present用非谓语形式，artistic standard与动词present是动宾关系，present用过去分词表被动，作后置定语修饰名词短语artistic standard。故填presented。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：创始人们相信，这些节目应该是世界上最优秀的艺术家所呈现的最高艺术水平，艺术节应该丰富欧洲的文化生活，应该为人类精神的繁荣提供一个平台。动词believe后跟了三个并列的宾语从句，所以在最后一个that从句前用并列连词and。故填and。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个节日的流行催生了另一个节日——爱丁堡边缘艺术节。结合句意可知使用固定搭配result in (导致)。故填in。
【50题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的70年里，这两种节日都广受欢迎。结合时间状语over the past 70 years可知，时态用现在完成时，主语Both of them是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was happy that I took guided tour of the Summer Palace on Sunday with my classmates and teachers. We go there by coach. The scenery was too beautiful that we took a great number of picture there. Then we walked around the lake, listen to the guide talking about the history of it. The Summer Palace was special designed. After three hours, we were hungry so we ate and drank that we brought with us. We were soon full with energy. We decided to climb the Longevity Hill. We all felt delightedly when we were on the top of it. Although we were tired, but we really had a good time.
【答案】1.在guided前面加a
2. go→went
3. too→so
4. picture→pictures
5. listen→listening
6. special→specially
7. that→what
8. with→of
9. delightedly→delighted
10.去掉but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者在星期天和同学和老师一起参观了颐和园的经历和感想。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：我很高兴周日和我的同学和老师一起在导游的带领下参观了颐和园。tour是可数名词，句中泛指“一次有导游的游览”，guided以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a限定。故在guided前面加a。
2. 考查时态。句意：我们坐长途汽车去那里。由时间状语on Sunday可知，描述过去的事情，所以go用一般过去时态。故将go改为went。
3. 考查结果状语从句。句意：风景很美，我们在那里拍了很多照片。so…that…(如此……以致于……)引导结果状语从句。故将too改为so。
4. 考查名词的数。句意：风景很美，我们在那里拍了很多照片。a great number of (很多)，后跟复数名词。故将picture改为pictures。
5. 考查现在分词。句意：然后我们绕着湖走了一圈，听导游讲述它的历史。本句已有谓语walked around且无连词，动词listen用非谓语形式，逻辑主语we与动词listen是主谓关系，用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故将listen改为listening。
6. 考查副词。句意：颐和园是专门设计的。副词specially作状语修饰动词design。故将special改为specially。
7. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：三个小时后，我们饿了，所以我们吃了喝了我们带来的东西。动词ate and drank后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺乏宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用连接代词what引导，that引导宾语从句时，that不作成分，无含义。故将that改为what。
8. 考查固定搭配。句意：我们很快就充满了活力。固定搭配be full of (充满……)。故将with改为of。
9. 考查形容词。句意：当我们到达顶峰时，我们都感到很高兴。作表语，所以用修饰人的-ed形容词delighted。故将delightedly改为delighted。
10. 考查连词。句意：虽然我们很累，但我们真的玩得很开心。前面有although引导让步状语从句，所以后面不用but。故去掉but。
第二节：书面表达（共1小题；满分25分）
52. 北京冬奥会已经闭幕，来自世界各国的运动员和观众想参观中国的旅游胜地和名胜古迹。请你向他们介绍一处最具代表性的旅游胜地或名胜古迹。
注意：词数100左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Beijing is the capital of China, which is a famous tourist attraction. It is a modern city with a long history. It lies in the north of China. Millions of people from different parts of the world come to Beijing. They come here to taste the famous food—Beijing Roast Duck and visit the places of interest.
There are many places of interest. Take a bus, and you can get to the Great Wall, the Ming Tombs and the Tian’anmen Square. From them you can learn a lot about Chinese history. Of course, you can also visit the museums such as Museum of Chinese History, Beijing Museum of Natural History.
If you want to learn more about China, welcome to Beijing.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向参加完北京冬奥会的来自世界各国的运动员和观众，介绍一处最具代表性的旅游胜地或名胜古迹以便其参观。
【详解】1.词汇积累
位于：lie in→be located in
参观：visit→pay a visit to
到达：get to→reach
想要做某事：want to do sth.→feel like doing sth.
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：It is a modern city with a long history. It lies in the north of China.
拓展句：Beijing is a modern city with a long history, which lies in the north of China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Beijing is the capital of China, which is a famous tourist attraction. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】If you want to learn more about China, welcome to Beijing. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
听力答案：1-20 CACBA BCCBA ACBBC BAABA
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