2022-2023中考英语必记单词E字母开头

这是一份2022-2023中考英语必记单词E字母开头，共14页。

E字母开头单词
each /pron.各个,每个 adj.&adv.各个,每一
【搭配】each other 彼此,互相
【用法】(1)each作形容词,意为“每,各自的”,可用于两个或两个以上的人或物,它的完全否定形式为none或neither.
(2)each other“互相”,用作动词或介词的宾语.
【辨析】each与every
相同点
两者均表示“每个,每一”
不同点
each
each表示一定数目中的“每一个”,强调个体;在句子中作主语、宾语、同位语、定语和状语.each作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;位于复数主语之后时,谓语动词用复数形式
every
every表示一定数目中的“每一”,强调整体;只能作定语
【例句】Sometimes they have disagreements and decide not to talk to each other.有时他们会有分歧,决定不和彼此说话.
中考真题
Earthquakes happen when two plates(板块)move against_________ other.
A. both
B. all
C. each
D. every
解析:each other表示“彼此,相互间”.
答案:C
eagle /n.鹰;鹰状标志
ear /n.耳朵
early /adj.早的 adv.早;在初期
【搭配】keep early hours 早起早睡
early and late 从早到晚
marry early 早婚
earn /vt.挣得;赢得
【搭配】earn one's living 谋生
earth/n.地球;地面;泥土
【搭配】on earth 在世界上;究竟,到底
on the earth 在地球上
【用法】(1)earth意为“地球”时,只用作单数,前面要加定冠词the.
(2)作“土,泥土”讲时,是不可数名词.如:Flowers will not grow well in poor earth.土质不好,花就长不好.
(3)作“陆地,地面”讲时,也只可作不可数名词.如:Our plane came down to the earth.我们的飞机着陆了.
【例句】Yang Liwei flew around the Earth.杨利伟绕着地球飞.
中考真题
我们究竟能为改善环境做些什么呢?
What_________ can we do to improve our environment?
解析:“究竟”用短语on earth表示.
答案:on earth
earthquake/n.地震;(喻)在震荡,在变动
easily /adv.容易地,轻而易举地;顺利地;舒适地,舒服地;无疑地,当然
【例句】We can easily become unhappy.我们会很容易变得不高兴.
中考真题
With the help of the local people, we found the church e_________.
解析:由前半句“在当地人的帮助下”知“我们很容易地找到了教堂”.easily作副词,修饰动词found.
答案:easily
east /n.东,东方 adv.在东方;向东 adj.东方的,朝东的
【搭配】the Far East 远东
in the east of 在····东部(境内)
on the east of 在······东面(接壤)
to the east of 在····.·以东(境外)
from east to west 从东到西
Easter /n.(耶稣)复活节
eastern /adj.东方的,东部的
【例句】My family and I want to take a trip this summer somewhere in eastern China.这个暑假我和我的家人想去中国东部的某个地方旅行.
eastwards /adj.&adv.向东的／地
easy /adj.容易的;不费力的
【搭配】take it easy 别紧张;放松些;别着急
It's easy for sb. to do sth.某人做某事容易
【例句】Your friends would probably say that you are easy to get along with.你的朋友们可能会说你很容易相处.
eat /vt.&vi.(ate, eaten)吃
【搭配】eat up 吃光;吃完
eat one's words 收回前言
eat a piece吃零食(口语)
中考真题
-We should form the good habit of saving food now.
-I agree, so I always_________ the food I order.
A.eat up
B. give up
C. turn up

解析:考查动词短语的辨析.句意:－我们现在应该养成节约食物的好习惯.－我同意,因此我总是吃光我订的食物.eat up“吃光”;give up“放弃”;turn up“把(音量)放大”.
答案:A
edge /n.边;边缘;刃,刀口
【搭配】on the edge of the river 在河畔
at the edge of the woods在树林边
【例句】I was on the edge of the Grand Canyon, one of the wonders of the natural world.我站在大峡谷边缘,它是自然界中的奇观之一.
editor/n.编辑
educate/v.教育;训练;培养
【例句】They provide homes for many endangered animals and help to educate the public about caring for them.他们为很多濒危动物提供家园,并且帮助教育大众去关爱它们.
education /n.教育;培养
【搭配】get/receive education 接受教育
higher education 高等教育
further education 进修,继续教育
educator/n.教育家
effort/n.努力;艰难的尝试
【搭配】make efforts/an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
spare no effort 不遗余力
without effort毫不费力地
egg /n.蛋;卵
【搭配】lay eggs 下蛋;产卵
put all one's eggs in a basket 孤注一掷
eggplant /n.茄子
Egypt /n.埃及
Egyptian /n.埃及人adj.埃及的,埃及人的,埃及语的
eight /num.八
eighteen /num.十八
eighteenth /num.第十八
eighth /num.第八
eighty/num.八十
either/ adv. 也(不)(用于否定句或否定短语后加强语气)adj.(两者中)任何一个的 pron.两者之一;任何一方 conj.或者,要么
【搭配】either...or...或者····或者··;不是···.··就是··.-.
【用法】either作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式.either...or...连接并列主语时,谓语动词的单、复数取决于离谓语最近的主语.
中考真题
-When are we going to see the movie Zoo Topia, this afternoon or tonight?
-__________ is OK.I' m free today.
A. Either
B. Both
C. Neither

解析:考查代词辨析.Either两者之一;Both两者都;Neither两者都不.根据答句中“I' m free today.”可知今天有空,下午或晚上两个时间都可以,排除C;再由空后is可知用Either而不用Both,排除B.
答案:A
elder/(old的比较级)adj.较年长的n.长者;前辈
【搭配】elder brother/sister 哥哥／姐姐
electrical /adj.电的;有关电的
electricity /n.电;电气
electronic /adj.电子的
【搭配】electronic organ 电子琴
electronic engineer 电子工程师
elephant/n.大象
eleven / num.十一
else /adv.别的,其他的
【搭配】or else 否则;要不然
【用法】(1)else常用于anybody, everything, something等不定代词和who, what, where等疑问词之后,也可用于all, little和much后面,当修饰不定代词时要后置.如:What else do you see?你看到别的东西了吗?
(2)else与anybody, somebody等连用时,所有格要加在else上.如:I've taken somebody else's umbrella.我把别人的雨伞拿走了.
【例句】What else can you tell me?你还能告诉我其他的事吗?
e-mail /(=electronic mail)n.电子邮件
embarrass /vt.使困窘;使局促不安
embassy/n. 大使及其随员;大使馆
emergency / n. 紧急情况;突然事件;紧急事件
employ /vt.&n.雇用
【搭配】be employed in... 从事······
be in one's employ=be in the employ of...受雇于某人
be out of employ 失业
empty/adj.空的 vt.倒空
【图解】

【例句】I can fill an empty stomach with tomato and egg soup, but that's all.我能用西红柿鸡蛋汤填满空胃,那就够了.
中考真题
-Where can I keep these books?
-Here is a box full of bananas. You can________ it and put the books in.
A. throw
B. empty
C. sell
D. bring
解析:empty既可以作形容词,也可以作动词.作动词时表示“倒空”.
答案:B
encourage /vt.鼓励
【例句】Liu Xiang was encouraged at first to train as a high jumper.起初,教练鼓励刘翔练跳高.
end /n末梢;终点 vt.&vi.结束,终止
【搭配】in the end 最后;终于
at the end of 在······末,在···...的尽头
by the end of在······结束时,到······末为止
come to an end 结束,完结
end up (with sth.)(以·)结束
end in...以······为结果
【例句】The customer was happy in the end.顾客最后很高兴.
ending/n.结尾,结局,终结
enemy/n.敌人;敌军
energy/n.精力;活力;能量
【用法】(1)作“力量;能量”讲时,为不可数名词.
(2)energies(复)指“精力,活力”,是可数名词.
engine/n.发动机;机车
engineer /n.工程师;技师
England/n.英格兰
English/n.英语;(总称)英国人 adj.英国(人)的
Englishman/n.英国(男)人
English-speaking /adj.说英语的
enjoy /vt.喜欢;享受······的乐趣
【搭配】enjoy oneself 过得快乐,过得愉快
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
【用法】(1)enjoy后如有动词作宾语,只能用动名词形式.类似的动词(词组)还有:avoid, can't help, imagine, escape, excuse, finish, keep, practise等.
(2)enjoy作“享有”讲时,后不能接poor health等表示不幸、痛苦的词语.
中考真题
-I am glad to be invited to Susan's birthday party on Friday evening, Mum.
-__________ yourself, dear! But remember to be back before 10 o'clock.
A. Help
B. Believe
C. Make
D. Enjoy
解析:enjoy oneself 表示“过得快乐、愉快”,符合题意.help oneself to表示“自己取用(食物)”.
答案:D
enjoyable /adj.愉快的;有趣的
enough / adj.&adv.足够的(地);充分的(地)n.足够;充分
【用法】(1)enough修饰名词时,可以置于名词之前或之后,放在名词后语气略强些.如:I have enough money to buy the book.我有足够的钱买这本书.
(2)enough作副词时,修饰形容词或其他副词,只可放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后.如:This book is easy enough for you to understand.这本书对你来说完全可以看懂.
(3)enough作名词时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词.作主语时,根据具体情况决定谓语动词的数.如:Enough has been written.已经写了足够的东西.
(4)not...enough to do sth.表示“不够······而不能·.·”.如:She is not old enough to go to school.她年龄小还不能上学.
【例句】She doesn't think teenagers get enough practice.她认为青少年没有得到充分的锻炼.
中考真题
It was________ for us to solve the math problem. Few of us could even understand it.
A. easy enough
B. enough easy
C. difficult enough
D. enough difficult
解析:考查形容词辨析及副词enough的用法.句意:对我们来说解那个数学题太难了.甚至我们中几乎没有人能理解它.enough用作副词时,意思是“足够,充分”,一般应放在所修饰的形容词、副词或动词的后面.根据后一句“Few of us could even understand it.”可知答案.
答案:C
enter/ vt. &vi.进入;参加;使加入
【搭配】enter into开始······;参加······
enter for参加,加入;报名
enter...in...进入;成为······的一部分
entire /adj.全部的;整个的
entrance /n.入口;入场
【搭配】entrance examination 入学考试
free entrance 免费入场
entrance fee 入学费
No entrance!严禁入内！
the entrance to(a building)(大厦)的入口
entry/n.入口处,门厅;进入
envelope/n.信封;纸袋;封皮
environment /n.环境,自然环境
【搭配】social environment 社会环境
home environment 家庭环境
【例句】None of them has an environment with air.他们中没有一个拥有空气环境的.
中考真题
These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the________ immediately.
A. amusement
B. development
C. environment
D. government
解析:本题考查名词词义辨析.amusement“娱乐”;development“发展”;environment“环境”;government政府.句意“这些自然灾害已经告诫我们每个人应立刻开始保护环境”.
答案:C
envy/vt.&n.羡慕;忌妒
【搭配】feel envy at...对······感到妒忌、羡慕
out of envy 出于妒忌
equal /adj.平等的 vt.&vi.(使)等于,与······相等
【搭配】be equal to 等于,和······一样;胜任
equipment /n.装备;设备
eraser /n.擦除器,橡皮
error/n.错误;过失;误差
escape / vt. & vi. 逃跑 n.逃跑;逃脱
【搭配】escape death 死里逃生
escape from... 从······逃离
escape doing sth. 逃避做某事
have a narrow escape 九死一生
especially / adv.特别;尤其
【例句】I enjoy sports as well, especially tennis.我还喜欢运动,特别是网球.
essay/n.散文;小品文;随笔
essential /adj.绝对必要的,非常重要的,必不可少的;本质的,实质的;基本的;精华的
eve /n.(sing.)前夜;(the~)(大事件的)前夕,前日
even /adv.甚至;即使
【搭配】even if/though 虽然;即使
【用法】(1)even作副词时,意为“甚至;即使”,通常置于修饰词的前面,若有助动词则置于助动词之后.如:I haven't even thought of it.这点我连想都没想过.
(2)even though和even if均表示“即使”,只是even if多用于口语,even though多用于书面表达.
【例句】It says that astronauts have been to Mars and even to Jupiter.据说宇航员去过火星甚至还去过木星.
evening /n.傍晚,晚上
【搭配】in the evening(泛指)在晚上
on the...evening 某一天的晚上
the next evening 第二天晚上
【用法】this/tomorrow/yesterday evening前边不用介词;在某日晚上用介词on;只指在晚上用介词in.
event /n.事件;大事;项目;结果
【搭配】at all events/in any event无论如何,不管怎样
ever/adv.曾经;无论如何
【搭配】ever since 自从······以来
for ever永远,老是
【用法】常用于疑问句、否定句、比较从句以及条件状语从句中.如:Nothing can ever make her angry.从来没有什么事会使她生气.(否定句)Have you ever been to Japan?你曾经去过日本吗?(疑问句)
【例句】Have you ever entered a competition?你参加过比赛吗?
every/adj.每一;每个的;每隔
【搭配】every two years 每两年
every other day 每隔一天
every now and then 偶尔;有时
【用法】(1)every表示“每”,着重于单位而不是全体,不可修饰复数名词.
(2)意为“每隔······的”,与基数词、序数词、other和few连用,表示频率或空间的间隔.
everyone/everybody/pron.每人,人人
【用法】everybody/everyone用作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;用于否定句表示部分否定;在反意疑问句中反意部分的主语常用they.
【辨析】everyone与every one
everyone
everyone意思是“每人”“人人”,只能用于人,其后不能跟of短语.everyone作主语时,后接单数动词,与之对应的代词有时可为复数形式
every one
every one的意思是“每人”“每件东西”,既能用于人,也能用于物,其后通常跟of短语.every one作主语时,后接单数动词,与之对应的代词有时可为复数形式
【例句】On Radio Beijing everyone needs to speak English well.在北京电台上,每个人需要英语说得很好.
中考真题
__________ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.
A. Somebody
B. Everybody
C. Nobody
D. None
解析:somebody“某人”;everybody“每个人,人人”;nobody“没有人”;none“没有一个”,用于指人或物,可与of短语
连用.句意:如果每个人尽了最大的努力,都会有成功的机会.故选B项.
答案:B
everyday/adj.每天的;日常的
everything /pron.每件事;每样东西;一切
【用法】修饰everything的形容词要后置.everything与否定词连用,表示部分否定.everything作主语时,谓语动词用单数.
everywhere/adv.到处;无论哪里
exact /adj.确切的,准确的;精密的
exactly /adv.确切地;准确地;确实如此
examination/exam /n.检查;考试,测试
examine /vt.检查;询问;诊察
example /n.例子;榜样;实例
【搭配】for example 举例说明;例如
set an example 树立榜样
give an example 举例
take...for example 以······为例
【辨析】for example与such as
for example
用于举例说明,一般用逗号与其他成分隔开
such as
用于列举前面概述过的同类事物,不需要用逗号与其他成分隔开
excellent /adj.极好的;优秀的;卓越的
except /prep.除······之外
【搭配】except for 除了······之外
【用法】except指将一个或几个人或物从同一类或普通的种类中除去,其后接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、不定式(短语)或wh-从句.
exchange /vt.交换;交易 n.交换(机)
【搭配】exchange rate 汇率
in exchange 作为交换
excite /vt.使兴奋,使激动
excited / adj.兴奋的,激动的,激昂的
【搭配】be/feel excited about...对······感到兴奋
【例句】But I'm very excited about coming to China!但是关于到中国我是非常的兴奋.
exciting /adj.令人兴奋的,令人激动的
【搭配】excuse sb. for doing sth.原谅某人做某事
excuse oneself替自己辩解
make an excuse 找借口
exercise/n.&vi.锻炼;做操;练习;习题
【搭配】take exercise 做运动 Il do exercises 做练习
【例句】He'll need to take a lot of exercise-go running or do weight training.他将需要进行许多锻炼一－跑步或举重训练.
exhibition /n.展览;展览会
exist /vi.存在;生存,生活
exit/n.出口;退出 vt.&vi.离开
expect /vt.盼望;以为
【搭配】expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事
expect to do sth.想做某事
【用法】expect“期待,期望”,指希望或预期某事将发生,着重相信或认为有客观可能,确信某事必将发生.其后可接名词、动词不定式或从句.
expensive /adj.昂贵的
【辨析】expensive与dear
expensive

expensive常用来形容价格高而质量、外观都较好的物品
dear
dear常修饰由于特殊原因而价格上涨的一般物品中考真题
-What do you think of the sweater?
-It's too________ and I don't have enough money to buy it.
A. nice
B. lovely
C. popular
D. expensive
解析:通过“I don't have enough money to buy it”可知sweater是太贵了,所以应选D.
答案:D
experience /n.经验;经历 vt.经历,体验
【用法】experience作“经验”讲时,是不可数名词;作“经历”讲时,是可数名词.
【例句】Adults who have experienced life understand it better.有生活经历的成年人对生活有更好的理解.
中考真题
Studying in a foreign country is a different________ and you can learn a lot.
A. event
B. exercise
C. experience
D. exhibition
解析:由句意“到国外学习,可学到很多”得知应“有一个不同的经历”,故选C.
答案:C
experiment /n.试验,实验 vi.实验
【搭配】make/carry out an experiment 做实验
expert /n.专家;能手
【搭配】an expert on...一位······方面的专家
explain /vt.&vi.解释;说明
【搭配】explain sth.to sb.向某人解释某事
explode /vt. &vi. (使)爆炸
explore/ /vt.&vi.探测,勘查,勘探,探险;探索,探究,仔细查阅
explorer /n.探险者;勘探员
export /n.出口;出口商品
export2 /vt. & vi. 出口
express /vt.表示,表达n.快车
【搭配】express oneself表达自己的意思／感情
中考真题
-Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi describes autumn in a different way.
-I agree. Most poets(诗人) describe this season to_______ a feeling of sadness, but in Liu's eyes autumn is full of life and hope.
A. excuse
B. express
C. expect
D. explain
解析:考查动词.句意:－－刘禹锡的《秋词》用另一种方式来描述秋天.－我同意.本赛季大多数诗人描述来表达一种悲伤的感觉,但是在刘的眼睛里秋天充满了生命和希望.excuse原谅;express表达;expect期望,预料;explain解释,说明.根据a feeling of sadness可知,应该是表达感情.
答案:B
expression /n.表达;词句;表情
【搭配】beyond expression 无法形容
without expression 毫无表情
read with expression 声情并茂地朗读
【例句】The expressions you use might depend on whom you are speaking to or how well you know them.你所用的表达可能取决于你说话的对象和你对他们的了解程度.
extra/adj.&adv.特别的(地);额外的(地)
extraordinary /adj.非常的;破例的;非凡的;离奇的;使人惊奇的
extreme /adj.尽头的;极端的,极度的;偏激的;最后的
eye /n.眼睛
【搭配】catch one's eyes 引起某人注意
keep an eye on...照看,密切注视······
with one's own eyes 亲眼
look sb. in the eye 直视某人
have an eye for sth.对······有鉴赏力
fix one's eyes upon...盯着,凝视
eyesight/n.视力,目力