2022永州高二上学期期末质量监测英语试题含解析

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永州市2021年下期高二期末质量监测试卷
英语
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
3. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B.£9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What did the man hear?
A. An alarm clock. B. A phone ring. C. A fire alarm.
2. What is the woman probably?
A. A secretary. B. A hotel clerk. C. A tour guide.
3. What will Sue do on Monday?
A. Go to a movie. B. Have a job interview. C. Prepare for a trip.
4. What does the woman think of the lecture?
A. Boring. B. Unimportant. C. Popular.
5. What time is it now?
A. 8:00. B. 8:30. C. 9:00.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What color bag did the woman buy yesterday?
A. Blue. B. Green. C. Red.
7. What does the woman say about the yellow skirt?
A. It was very expensive. B. It was not the right size. C. It was too bright.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and secretary.
9. What did the man do first?
A. He washed the potatoes. B. He boiled some water. C. He sliced the meat.
10. What will the speakers do next?
A. Celebrate a birthday. B. Call a repairman. C. See a doctor.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Rent a house. B. Buy some furniture. C. Take a winter trip.
12. How long will the woman stay in the house?
A. Three months. B. Two months. C. One month.
13. How much security should the woman pay altogether?
A. $130. B. $260. C. $390.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How many groups will there be in total?
A. Nine. B. Eight. C. Six.
15. What are the students required to do?
A. Take notes. B. Visit at least two rooms. C. Buy a notebook.
16. Where will the students meet all together at noon?
A. In the cafeteria.
B. In front of the museum.
C. In one of the museum rooms.
17. What type of assignment will the students do probably?
A. An art project. B. A history project. C. A photography project.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why is The Vitality Big Half Marathon held?
A. To provide fun for people.
B. To encourage people to run.
C. To inspire people to compete.
19. Which is the last place for runners to pass before the finish line?
A. Deptford. B. Wapping. C. Southwark Park.
20. What can we know about The Vitality Big Half Marathon?
A. It attracts 1,100 runners.
B. It is held for the first time.
C. It can be watched online.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hotels that go all out for Christmas
Willard InterContinental: Washington
In the United States capital, the Willard InterContinental will host free performances through December 23. Holiday afternoon tea — with finger sandwiches and pastries — will be served every Friday, Saturday and Sunday through December 26 ($79 per person or $89 with a glass of champagne).
Room rates in December start around $325.
Claridge’s: London
Guests at Claridge’s will be treated to horse-drawn carriage rides. Three-night Christmas packages feature those festive events, plus Christmas lunch, Champagne, a visit from Father Christmas, stockings for all and a full English breakfast each day. Festive afternoon tea, served through January 3, is about $126 for an adult and $66 for one child.
A two-night holiday season package starts at about $1,425.
The Breakers: Palm Beach, Florida
The Breakers Palm Beach carries its lavish traditions right through the holiday season. The oceanfront Italian resort dazzles with sparkling lights, and holiday tea is available at HMF on select days in late December for $115 per person. Nearly every room has already been snapped up this December, but holiday tea and meals make for a festive taste of the striking hotel.
Rates start at $599 per night in December.
Ritz: Paris
The Ritz Paris is putting on exactly what you’d expect from the elegant property. The hotel is celebrating a Swiss Christmas this year in homage to founder César Ritz’ roots with a gold and blue theme accented with paper edelweiss flowers. Christmas Tea is available at Bar Vendome and Salon Proust, starting at about $77 per person.
December room rates start at around $1,700 a night.
1. At which hotel can people enjoy finger sandwiches?
A. Willard InterContinental: Washington B. Claridge’s: London
C. The Breakers: Palm Beach, Florida D. Ritz: Paris
2. How much should a couple with one kid pay for the festive afternoon tea at Claridge’s?
A. $192. B. $378. C. $345. D. $318.
3. What do these hotels have in common?
A. They are all hotels in Europe.
B. They all offer season package.
C. All the hotels will provide festive tea.
D. All the hotels will host free performances.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了几家为圣诞节全力以赴的酒店。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Willard InterContinental: Washington下列介绍中“Holiday afternoon tea — with finger sandwiches and pastries — will be served every Friday, Saturday and Sunday through December 26. (到12月26日，每周五、周六和周日都有假日下午茶，包括手指三明治和糕点。)”可知，在Willard InterContinental: Washington可以吃到手指三明治。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Claridge’s: London下列介绍中“Festive afternoon tea, served through January 3, is about $126 for an adult and $66 for one child.(截至1月3日的节日下午茶价格为成人126美元，儿童66美元。)”可知，在Claridge’s，一对只有一个孩子的夫妇享用节日下午茶应该花费：$126乘以2，再加$66，等于$318。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Willard InterContinental: Washington下列介绍中“Holiday afternoon tea — with finger sandwiches and pastries — will be served every Friday, Saturday and Sunday through December 26. (到12月26日，每周五、周六和周日都有假日下午茶，包括手指三明治和糕点。)”、 Claridge’s: London下列介绍中“Festive afternoon tea, served through January 3, is about $126 for an adult and $66 for one child.(截至1月3日的节日下午茶价格为成人126美元，儿童66美元。)”、 The Breakers: Palm Beach, Florida下列介绍中“The oceanfront Italian resort dazzles with sparkling lights, and holiday tea is available at HMF on select days in late December for $115 per person. (这个意大利海滨度假胜地灯火辉煌，在12月底的特定日子里，在HMF可以买到假日茶，每人115美元。)”和Ritz: Paris下列介绍中“Christmas Tea is available at Bar Vendome and Salon Proust, starting at about $77 per person.(圣诞茶可以在Bar Vendome和Salon Proust买到，起价约为每人77美元。)”可知，这些酒店的共同之处是都会提供节日茶。故选C项。
B
Have you heard of Robert Bateman? He worked late the evening of March 31,1992. He studied his painting of three lions. Bateman decided to add some finishing touches. As he turned away from the canvas, he smiled, imagining the reaction of his staff the next morning. What an April Fools’ joke! The next day, when his assistants came to the studio, they were shocked. What had the famous artist done to his masterpiece? The lions had bat ears!
World-famous wildlife artist Robert Bateman lives in British Columbia, Canada. On working days, he might be found hiking on the mountain, sketching birds and animals. Bateman spends his days observing, studying, and painting wildlife.
As a boy, Bateman explored the woods and fields around his home in Toronto, Ontario. By the 1970s, he was well-known for his realistic paintings of the natural world.
When he’s not in the woods or mountains, Bateman can be found at home in front of his easel (画架). He still gets a thrill out of seeing an eagle. Sometimes, Bateman does not even have to leave home to find an eagle. They come to him. Eagles rest on a dead tree that Bateman “planted” in rock in front of his house.
Bateman’s most exciting place to find subjects to paint is in Africa. “Every day in Africa is thrilling,” he says. “There are places in Africa that look like the Garden of Eden (伊甸园).”
As for the bat ears on the lions, Bateman painted them on with watercolor paints. After everyone had a good laugh, he simply washed the ears away.
4. Why did Bateman add bat ears to the lion?
A. Because he was dissatisfied with his painting.
B. Because he wanted to joke with his staff members.
C. Because he would like to make his painting more attractive.
D. Because he was eager to have a better study on his painting.
5. Why does Bateman hike on the mountain?
A. To look for fun. B. To research and paint wildlife.
C. To take care of wildlife. D. To search for new species of wildlife.
6. What can we learn about Bateman?
A. He lived in the UK many years ago.
B. He spends quite a lot of time in hunting eagles.
C. His paintings do not look like real things in life.
D. He is particularly fond of living in Africa.
7. Which words can describe Bateman?
A. Crazy and cruel. B. Naughty and unkind.
C. Humorous and hardworking. D. Imaginative and impractical.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界著名的野生动物艺术家罗伯特·贝特曼的一生，文中既对他专注于绘画的人生做了记录，又特地介绍了他给狮子画上蝙蝠耳朵的轶事，向读者展现了一位上进又不失幽默的画家形象。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“he smiled, imagining the reaction of his staff the next morning. What an April Fools’ joke!”（他微笑着，想象着第二天早上他的助手们的反应。这真是个好玩的愚人节玩笑！）可知，他给狮子画上蝙蝠耳朵，是想要跟画室里的工作人员开玩笑（Because he wanted to joke with his staff members），故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“he might be found hiking on the mountain, sketching birds and animals. Bateman spends his days observing, studying, and painting wildlife.”（他可能会在山上徒步旅行，画鸟兽。贝特曼每天都在观察、研究和绘画野生动物）可知，他去山上徒步的目的是研究和作画野生动物（To research and paint wildlife），故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文倒数第二段“Bateman’s most exciting place to find subjects to paint is in Africa.”（最令贝特曼兴奋的寻找作画对象的地方是非洲）可知，他尤其喜欢待在非洲（He is particularly fond of living in Africa），符合原文，故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求根据文中介绍，选出最契合贝特曼形象的形容词。根据全文第一段“He smiled, imagining the reaction of his staff the next morning. What an April Fools’ joke!”（他微笑着，想象着第二天早上他的助手们的反应。这真是个好玩的愚人节玩笑），他给狮子画上蝙蝠耳朵，准备给画室成员送上“愚人节玩笑”，可看出他是个有点小幽默的画家（humorous），此外他作为著名的现实主义画家，“Bateman spends his days observing, studying, and painting wildlife”（将自己的时间投入于观察、研究和为野生动物作画之中），可知他是个努力上进的画家（hardworking），C项两个形容词契合原文的介绍，故选C。
C
Sales of small cakes have overtaken (超过) big ones for the first time, according to researchers at Mintel — but is the cupcake bubble starting to burst? Size, they say, matters. And when it comes to cakes, we Brits have for years desired for the biggest, richest, gooiest creations we could lay our sticky fingers on. Towering chocolate gateaux dominate bakery windows.
But thanks to the latest baking phenomenon, big is no longer best. Figures released today show that, for the first time, sales of small cakes have overtaken those of large cakes, with bite-sized baked goods growing in popularity by 19 per cent since 2011. According to researchers at Mintel, our taste for large cakes has declined, with sales dropping 3 per cent in two years.
So what’s behind our passion for miniatures — and is it the end of the traditional, full-sized sponge? It all started with the cupcake. When the Magnolia Bakery opened in New York in 1996, the nice iced sponges were seen as treats for children’s parties. Then, in 2000, Carrie Bradshaw, star of the city, ate a pink cupcake on TV — and everything changed. In the months and years that followed, demand for the tiny cakes exploded — and in 2005, Sprinkles, the world’s first cupcakes — only bakery, opened in Beverly Hills. The trend soon spread worldwide.
“Cupcakes became so popular because people wanted an individual treat,” explains Edd Ainbet, former winner of the BBC series The Great British Bake Off. “It’s a little something naughty — a small price for a small mouthful. And it’s a mini hobby just for you; not like cutting a slice out of a big cake that you share. They’re cute and playful, like tiny pieces of art.”
8. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A. Small cakes are always the best.
B. Brits prefer small cakes to big ones today.
C. The sales of small cakes dropped 3 per cent.
D. Big cakes have always enjoyed larger market share than small ones.
9. What does the underlined word “miniatures” refer to?
A. Tiny cakes. B. Full-sized sponge. C. Large cakes. D. Birthday cakes.
10. What can we learn about Bradshaw ?
A. He ordered a pink cupcake.
B. He opened Sprinkles in Beverly Hills.
C. He made a successful ad for cupcakes.
D. He played a great role in making cupcakes.
11. What is Edd Ainbet’s attitude towards cupcakes?
A. Critical. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述现在人们对小蛋糕的喜爱程度已超过大蛋糕。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。有文章第二段中“Figures released today show that, for the first time, sales of small cakes have overtaken those of large cakes, with bite-sized baked goods growing in popularity by 19 per cent since 2011. According to researchers at Mintel, our taste for large cakes has declined, with sales dropping 3 per cent in two years.”（今天公布的数据显示，小蛋糕的销量首次超过大蛋糕，自2011年以来，一口大小的烘焙食品的受欢迎程度增长了19%。Mintel的研究人员称，我们对大蛋糕的口味已经下降，两年内销售额下降了3%。）可知，研究结果表明，在英国，人们对大蛋糕喜爱度下降，而对小蛋糕的喜爱在快速增长，并小蛋糕销量超过大蛋糕，所以可推出在英国比起大蛋糕，人们更喜欢小蛋糕。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Figures released today show that, for the first time, sales of small cakes have overtaken those of large cakes, with bite-sized baked goods growing in popularity by 19 per cent since 2011.”（今天公布的数据显示，小蛋糕的销量首次超过大蛋糕，自2011年以来，一口大小的烘焙食品的受欢迎程度增长了19%。）以及第三段“It all started with the cupcake. ”（一切都是从纸杯蛋糕开始的。）可知，现在人们对小蛋糕的喜爱程度在不断增加，以及后文所说的纸杯蛋糕也是属于小蛋糕，所以划线单词这句应指我们对小蛋糕的热情，miniatures 应指Tiny cakes（小型蛋糕）。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Then, in 2000, Carrie Bradshaw, star of the city, ate a pink cupcake on TV — and everything changed. In the months and years that followed, demand for the tiny cakes exploded”（然后，在2000年，城市之星Carrie Bradshaw肖在电视上吃了一个粉红色的纸杯蛋糕——一切都变了。在接下来的几个月和几年里，对这种小蛋糕的需求激增。）可知，Carrie Bradshaw成功为小蛋糕打广告，促使了小蛋糕的流行。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“It’s a little something naughty — a small price for a small mouthful. And it’s a mini hobby just for you; not like cutting a slice out of a big cake that you share. They’re cute and playful, like tiny pieces of art.”（这是有点淘气的东西——一小口的价格很低。这只是你的一个小爱好；不像从你分享的大蛋糕上切下一片。它们既可爱又好玩，就像一件件小的艺术品。）可以推断，Edd Ainbet对小蛋糕的态度是赞许的。故选D项。
D
Around 1,500 endangered and rare languages are at a high risk of being lost in the next century, according to a study published on Thursday in Nature Ecology and Evolution.
The study found that around half of the world’s 7,000 documented languages are endangered. It also found that greater road density was associated with higher risk of endangerment.
“It’s as if roads are helping dominant languages overwhelm other smaller languages,” co-author and professor at the Australian National University Lindell Bromham said in a press release.
Greater endangerment was also associated with higher average years of schooling, suggesting that formal education contributes to loss of language diversity. “Mainstream education in a dominant language can lead to loss of competence in minority languages. We urgently need to invest in bilingual (双语的) education and develop programs that allow communities to bring their heritage language into schools, to make sure the language stays strong and is passed on to future generations,” Bromhall told CBS News.
The study found that unless there is intervention (干预), the world could lose at least one language per month, with language loss three times more in the next 40 years. The authors recommended “urgent investment” in community-based programs like bilingual education programs and language documentation. And some of the recommendations that experts made 20 years ago are still the same: governments should remove bans on languages and adults should encourage children to speak other languages — including their native language.
“Each language is a reflection on the creativity and inventiveness of human minds, a beautiful and fascinating solution to complex communication challenges,” Bromham told CBS News. “Most importantly, for many people, language symbolizes cultural identity and belonging. Many groups mourn (悼念) the decline of unique languages and long for competency in languages no longer spoken.”
12. What was related with higher risk of language endangerment?
A. Less road density.
B. Unpopularity among language learners.
C. Greater competence of small languages.
D. Higher average years of schooling.
13. What should government do to preserve language diversity?
A Stop bans on languages.
B. Create more language education programs.
C. Put more investment in language research.
D. Encourage people to speak other languages.
14. What do we know from the text?
A. Investment is needed in bilingual education.
B. Language loss results in mainstream education.
C. Half of the world’s current languages are lost.
D. Dominant languages are symbols of cultural identity.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. The causes of language loss. B. The high risk of language loss.
C. The measures of language protection. D. The importance of language diversity.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。一项研究表明，约1500种濒危和珍稀语言存在着消失的高风险性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Greater endangerment was also associated with higher average years of schooling, suggesting that formal education contributes to loss of language diversity.(更严重的濒危状态也与更高的平均受教育年限有关，这表明正规教育是语言多样性丧失的原因之一)”可知，更高的平均受教育年限与更高的语言濒危风险有关。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“governments should remove bans on languages and adults should encourage children to speak other languages — including their native language.(政府应该取消对语言的禁令，成年人应该鼓励儿童说其他语言——包括他们的母语)”可知，为了保护语言的多样性，政府部门应该取消对语言的禁令。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“We urgently need to invest in bilingual (双语的) education and develop programs that allow communities to bring their heritage language into schools, to make sure the language stays strong and is passed on to future generations,(我们迫切需要投资双语教育，开发允许群体将其传统语言带入学校的项目，确保语言保持强大，并传递给后代)”可推知，双语教育需要投资。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Around 1,500 endangered and rare languages are at a high risk of being lost in the next century, according to a study published on Thursday in Nature Ecology and Evolution.(根据周四发表在《自然生态与进化》杂志上的一项研究，大约1500种濒危和珍稀语言在下个世纪很有可能消失)”可知，本文主要讲述的是语言消失的高风险性。故选B。
【点睛】
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When the coronavirus pandemic forced people to work out at home, doctors were seeing patients coming in with various home-gym-inspired injuries. So, how to be safe during home workouts? ____16____
Check your workout space for potential danger
____17____ But that doesn’t mean you can just start jumping around in your living room, basement or garage. Make sure you give yourself more open space than you think you need so you don’t hit anything while moving — for example, lunging and running into a coffee table.
Dress for (workout) success
Working out in your pajamas might be convenient, but wearing cozy clothes can limit your movements. Make sure you wear sneakers if you choose to wear anything, since it’s easy to slip or trip when wearing socks or slippers. ____18____ Experts say there are benefits to walking around barefoot, such as a boost in foot strength, stability and balance.
____19____
Hiring a personal trainer might seem unnecessary in this new world of online classes and workout videos. But it can be a smart investment. While there is nothing wrong with online classes and videos, the instructor can’t see you and evaluate your form. Plus, sometimes you cannot understand what the instructor is saying.
Warm up, cool down, don’t overdo it
It’s important to warm up before exercising, cool down afterward when trying something new. ____20____ For active workouts, dynamic stretches such as leg swings as your warm-up and static stretching afterward is a good choice. For strength training, precede your workout with several light repetitions of the exercise you are about to do.
A. Spring for a personal trainer.
B. But going barefoot can work, too.
C. They can benefit you in many aspects.
D. A good warm-up/cool-down routine depends on what you’ll be doing.
E. Here are several things you can do to help ensure you stay injury-free.
F. Most people don’t have a home gym, nor the space or money to create one.
G. People cannot go to the gym for workout during the coronavirus pandemic period.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。针对冠状病毒大流行迫使人们在家锻炼情况，关于怎样更好在家健身，作者给出几点建议。
【16题详解】
由上文“When the coronavirus pandemic forced people to work out at home, doctors were seeing patients coming in with various home-gym-inspired injuries. So, how to be safe during home workouts? （当冠状病毒大流行迫使人们在家锻炼时，医生们看到患者带着各种家庭健身房引发的损伤进来。那么，如何在家庭锻炼中保持安全呢？）”可知，作者就怎样安全家庭健身提问。再根据后文可知，给出了四个建议。所以结合语境，E项“Here are several things you can do to help ensure you stay injury-free.（这里有几件事你可以做，以帮助确保你没有受伤。）”有承上启下作用，切题。故选E项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Check your workout space for potential danger（检查你的锻炼地方是否存在潜在危险）”可知，这段主要讲的是健身地方，再根据下文“But that doesn’t mean you can just start jumping around in your living room, basement or garage. （但这并不意味着你可以在客厅、地下室或车库里蹦蹦跳跳。）”可知，这里还是在讲选择什么地方作为健身地方。所以F项“Most people don’t have a home gym, nor the space or money to create one.（大多数人都没有家庭健身房，也没有空间或资金来创建一个。）”切合语境，且能和下文形成对比。故选F项。
【18题详解】
由“Dress for (workout) success（为（锻炼）成功而着装）”可知这段主要讲着装。再由下文“Experts say there are benefits to walking around barefoot, such as a boost in foot strength, stability and balance.（专家们说，赤脚锻炼有很多好处，比如提高脚的力量、稳定性和平衡性。）”可知赤脚锻炼有很多好处。而B项“But going barefoot can work, too.（但是赤脚也可以。）”中barefoot与后文对应，有启下作用。故选B项。
19题详解】
由下文“Hiring a personal trainer might seem unnecessary in this new world of online classes and workout videos. But it can be a smart investment.（在这个网络课程和锻炼视频的新世界里，雇佣私人教练似乎是不必要的。但这可能是一项明智的投资。）”可知，这段只是讲的是雇佣私人教练。而A项“Spring for a personal trainer.（支付一个私人教练）”切题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
由“Warm up, cool down, don’t overdo it（热身，散热，不要过度）”可知这段主要讲怎样热身和锻炼后散热。再由后文“ For active workouts, dynamic stretches such as leg swings as your warm-up and static stretching afterward is a good choice. For strength training, precede your workout with several light repetitions of the exercise you are about to do.（对于积极的锻炼，热身时进行腿部摆动等动态拉伸，之后进行静态拉伸是一个不错的选择。对于力量训练，在训练之前，先进行几次轻微的重复训练。）”可知文章就不同目的锻炼在进不同类型热身讲解。而D项“A good warm-up/cool-down routine depends on what you’ll be doing.（一个好的热身/冷却程序取决于你要做什么。）”有启下作用，切题。故选D项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ray Lucas could only think of one thing when he returned home to see the house was in fire and his mother yelling for help: He had to get to the basement if he wanted to save his twin 18-month-old daughters.
Lucas ____21____ into the home and quickly realized the smoke prevented him from ____22____ much in front of him. He told local media his knowledge of the house ____23____ him through the fire and toward his girls.
“I really only found my babies due to my ____24____, just knowing where they were and knowing how to get to them — just from having that same ____25____,” he said.
By the time the ____26____ made it to the crib (婴儿床), he found the girls ____27____ and responsive but in ____28____ from what was going on around them.
Holding his 18-month-old girls against his ____29____, Lucas walked back, again using memory to ____30____ where he could escape the flames.
Although Lucas and his girls made it out alive, their ____31____ left them hospitalized and he was temporarily ____32____ for three days because of cornea (眼角膜) damage from the smoke.
The past two weeks have been unreal for Lucas. But he noted that the burns on his arms were a small price to ____33____ for keeping his daughters alive. “I was ____34____ my babies were okay and everybody was able to walk away from the situation,” the father said. “We didn’t ____35____ anyone.”
21. A. ran B. stepped C. walked D. jogged
22. A. hearing B. feeling C. touching D. seeing
23. A. pushed B. guided C. pulled D. forced
24. A. idea B. mind C. memory D. thought
25. A. route B. road C. lane D. alley
26. A. babies B. mother C. father D. grandmother
27. A. alike B. asleep C. alone D. awake
28. A. sight B. danger C. silence D. shock
29. A. back B. chest C. waist D. head
30. A. bring out B. carry out C. figure out D. give out
31. A. injuries B. wounds C. damages D. cuts
32. A. dumb B. lame C. deaf D. blind
33. A. buy B. pay C. bring D. cost
34. A. shocked B. surprised C. overjoyed D. overwhelmed
35. A. lose B. get C. miss D. destroy
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述了Ray Lucas家里发生火灾，由于烟雾阻挡视线，他凭借记忆摸索路线将双胞胎女儿救出。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lucas冲进家里，很快意识到烟让他看不见前面的东西。A. ran跑；B. stepped踏；行走；C. walked走；D. jogged慢跑。根据前文Lucas家里失火可知，他冲进屋里去救人。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lucas冲进家里，很快意识到烟让他看不见前面的东西。A. hearing听见；B. feeling感觉；C. touching触摸；D. seeing看见。根据句中的“the smoke”可推知，浓烟挡住了视线。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉当地媒体，他对房子的了解引导他穿过火堆，走向他的女儿们。A. pushed推；B. guided引路；C. pulled拉；D. forced强迫。根据前文可知，Lucas被浓烟挡住了视线，只能通过对房屋结构的了解，摸索找到女儿们。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的是凭着记忆才找到了我的孩子们，知道她们在哪儿，知道如何找到她们——只是因为走着相同的路线。A. idea主意；B. mind头脑；C. memory记忆；D. thought想法。根据后文“again using memory”的提示可知，Lucas是凭着记忆找到的孩子们。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的是凭着记忆才找到了我的孩子们，知道她们在哪儿，知道如何找到她们——只是因为走着相同的路线。A. route路线；B. road道路；C. lane小巷；D. alley胡同。根据前文的“knowing how to get to them(知道如何找到她们)”可知，Lucas凭借对房屋的了解及记忆，通过走固定的路线找到了孩子们。故选A。
26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当父亲走到婴儿床前时，他发现女孩们是清醒着的，但对周围发生的事情感到震惊。A. babies婴儿们；B. mother母亲；C. father父亲；D. grandmother祖母。根据前文中的“his twin 18-month-old daughters”可知，Lucas是孩子们的父亲。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当父亲走到婴儿床前时，他发现女孩们是清醒着的而且反应灵敏但对周围发生的事情感到震惊。A. alike相像；B. asleep睡着的；C. alone孤独的；D. awake醒着的。根据responsive“应答的；有反应的”可知，孩子们是醒着的。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当父亲走到婴儿床前时，他发现女孩们是清醒着的而且反应灵敏但对周围发生的事情感到震惊。A. sight视力；B. danger危险；C. silence沉默；D. shock震惊。根据“from what was going on around them”结合常识可推断，孩子们看到着火会感到震惊。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lucas将18个月大的女儿们抱在胸前，走了回来，再次通过记忆找出可以从火焰中逃生的地方。A. back后背；B. chest前胸；C. waist腰；D. head头。根据Holding“抱”可知，Lucas将女儿们抱在胸前。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lucas将18个月大的女儿们抱在胸前，走了回来，再次通过记忆找出可以从火焰中逃生的地方。A. bring out生产；出版；B. carry out实施；C. figure out想出；弄清；D. give out释放；分发。根据“using memory”可知，Lucas通过记忆想出逃生路线。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Lucas和他的女儿们活了下来，但他们的伤势使得他们住院治疗，由于烟雾对角膜的损害，Lucas暂时性失明了三天。A. injuries损伤；B. wounds伤口；C. damages损失；D. cuts伤口。根据后文的“hospitalized” 及“cornea (眼角膜) damage”可知，他们需要到医院治疗，说明都受到了损伤。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Lucas和他的女儿们活了下来，但他们的伤势使得他们住院治疗，由于烟雾对角膜的损害，Lucas暂时性失明了三天。A. dumb不能说话的；B. lame瘸的；C. deaf聋的；D. blind失明的。根据“cornea (眼角膜) damage”可知，Lucas眼睛受到了损伤，由此推知他失明了三天。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他指出，他手臂上的烧伤只是为了让女儿们活下来而付出的一笔小小的代价。A. buy购买；B. pay支付；付出；C. bring带来；D. cost需付费。根据“a small price(小小的代价)”可知，Lucas手臂上的伤是为了救女儿付出的代价。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常高兴，我的孩子们都没事，所有人在那样的状况下都安然脱身。A. shocked震惊的；B. surprised惊喜的；C. overjoyed非常高兴的；D. overwhelmed不知所措的。根据本句句意可知，孩子们都没事，家人们也都安全脱险，可见Lucas的心情是高兴的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有失去任何人。A. lose失去；B. get得到；C. miss错过；D. destroy毁坏。根据前文可知，家人们都安全脱险，没有因为火灾而失去家人。故选A。
【点睛】
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
We rely on news ____36____ (learn) about things around us. However, reports on the same events contain different information. That’s because journalists may have different ____37____ (priority). Another reason why news reports on the same event may contradict each other ____38____ terms of factual details is that events in the real world are usually complicated and ____39____ (constant) changing. When we come across such factual differences in news reports, we should not rush to the conclusion that the news report gives false information. Instead, check when the reports ____40____ (complete). Because news reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as news facts are brought to light. Therefore, ____41____ (check) different sources enables us to draw ____42____ more informed conclusion.
To sum up, it is wise to read news reports written from ____43____ (vary) perspectives and at different stages, which ____44____ (bring) us a more accurate understanding of a situation. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust ____45____ we have read.
【答案】36. to learn
37 priorities
38. in 39. constantly
40. were completed
41. checking
42. a 43. various/varied
44. brings 45. what
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们依靠新闻来了解周围的事物，但是从不同角度阅读新闻报道是明智的。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：我们依靠新闻来了解周围的事物。分析句子可知，句子的谓语是rely on，此空处需要用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to learn。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：这是因为记者们的工作重点不同。different修饰可数名词的复数，priority“优先事项”是可数名词。故填priorities。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：关于同一事件的新闻报道可能在事实细节方面相互矛盾的另一个原因是，现实世界中的事件通常是复杂的。固定短语in terms of “在…方面”，此空处缺少介词。故填in。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：关于同一事件的新闻报道可能在事实细节方面相互矛盾的另一个原因是，现实世界中的事件通常是复杂的，并且不断变化。and为并列连词，其上文是complicated “复杂的”是形容词，所以空后的changing也是形容词。副词可以修饰形容词，constant“不断的”是形容词，其副词形式是constantly。故填constantly。
【40题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：相反，检查报告何时完成。主语the reports和谓语complete是被动关系，根据句意可知检查报告是过去的事情，再根据主谓一致原则。故填were completed。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：检查不同的来源使我们能够得出更明智的结论。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语，check与其逻辑主语us是主动的关系，故应用动名词短语作主语。故填checking。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：检查不同的来源使我们能够得出更明智的结论。固定短语draw a conclusion“得出结论”，此空后的more informed 作conclusion的定语，more是辅音音素开头的单词，此空处缺少冠词。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：总而言之，从不同角度阅读新闻报道是明智的。perspectives “角度”是名词，形容词可以修饰名词，vary“变化”是动词，其形容词形式是various/varied。故填various/varied。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：综上所述，从不同角度、不同阶段阅读新闻报道是明智的，这会让我们对形势有更准确的理解。在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，先行词是前面这一件事，which在从句中作主语，再由主句的谓语用了一般现在时，所以从句的谓语也应用一般现在时。故填brings。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们还需要对我们收到的信息持批评态度，记住不要盲目相信我们读到的东西。分析句子可知，动词trust后是宾语从句，在宾语从句中谓语have read 后又缺宾语，需要表示“什么”的意思的连接代词只有what。故填what。
第四部分 写作（共两节， 满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Jack对中国画很感兴趣，想了解《清明上河图》，请你给他写一封邮件介绍这幅画。内容包括：
1. 《清明上河图》的简单介绍；2. 《清明上河图》的历史地位和影响
注意：
1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Lihua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knowing that you are interested in Qingming Scroll, I’m willing to introduce it to you.
Painted by Zhang Zeduan, Qingming Scroll is a masterwork of Chinese art, offering an important insight into life in the 12th century. It consists of three main sections, which provide a comprehensive look of what life was like then. This timeless scroll is an important example of realism in the history of Chinese paintings and greatly influenced generations of future artists.
It would be great if you can come to China and appreciate it for yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给新西兰笔友Jack写一封邮件，介绍中国画《清明上河图》。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in →show interest in
由……组成：consist of →be made up of
提供：provide →supply
感激：appreciate =be grateful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Painted by Zhang Zeduan, Qingming Scroll is a masterwork of Chinese art, offering an important insight into life in the 12th century.
拓展句：Qingming Scroll is a masterwork of Chinese art which was painted by Zhang Zeduan, offering an important insight into life in the 12th century.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It consists of three main sections, which provide a comprehensive look of what life was like then. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Knowing that you are interested in Qingming Scroll, I’m willing to introduce it to you. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Annie was having an awful day. And it had only just begun. Her car had a flat tire in the morning. She spilled coffee on her shirt and even worse, the man behind the counter had given her incorrect change (找零的钱). And now she was running late for work — another shift (轮班工作) at the grocery store.
Annie pulled into the grocery store parking lot, opened her car door and immediately stepped into a puddle (水坑). She let out a loud sigh and angrily headed toward the store.
She paused briefly to wipe off her feet and heard two ladies chatting.
“I’m so sorry to hear about your job, Mary.”
“Thank you, Sarah. So many people have been fired recently. It’s worrying, but I’ll figure something out.”
Briefly, Annie felt slightly jealous of the woman. She would give anything to not have to be at work this morning.
She dropped off her things in the break room and put on her uniform. Then, she made her way to her register for another long day, hoping that her luck would change. But her first customer spilled a bottle of juice on her counter, leaving it sticky well after he had paid and left. Another insisted on paying in all change, holding up her line for ages. Annie was close to just throwing in the towel and asking to leave early. But she figured she would have to wait until she went on break. That way, she’d have time to think of an excuse.
Annie absent-mindedly continued to ring up (记入收款机) her next customer’s groceries, placing them in the bag before reading out the total.
“It comes to $44.97,” Annie said.
There was a brief pause, and when she looked up, she saw Mary — the woman she heard chatting in the parking lot.
Mary pulled her wallet from her large bag and opened it. She bit her lip and blushed (脸红). Annie could see that she didn’t have enough to pay as she reached to start taking some of the items out of a grocery bag.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Annie reached out and stopped her.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mary’s tears made Annie realize that she had been so selfish.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Annie reached out and stopped her. She had had enough and couldn’t bear it any longer. All she wanted was a break. Impatiently, Annie asked Mary to step aside to make room for other customers; after all, she didn’t want anybody to hold up her line again. Face burning, Mary whispered an apology and moved aside, making space for the next customer. When she was carefully choosing which items to leave behind, other customers were whispering, casting pitiful glances at her. At that moment, Annie caught tears welling up in Mary’s eyes!
Mary’s tears made Annie realize that she had been so selfish. How could she be so rude and so mean? “Was my day that terrible? Should I have been more patient? Mary, like so many ordinary people, is in such a difficult situation. Should I, still luckily working, treat this poor woman like this?” Feeling guilty and ashamed, Annie paid the rest of the bill, placed the items back into the bag, handed her the receipt and wished her a good day.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写。文章讲述了Annie经历了糟糕的一个上午后，又轮班在杂货店工作时，遇到一位刚失业的女士在付款时钱不够。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“安妮伸手拦住了她”可知，第一段可描写安妮变得不耐烦，觉得玛丽阻碍了她正常的工作，让她先让其他顾客结账。
②由第二段首句内容“玛丽的眼泪使安妮意识到她太自私了”可知，第二段可描写安妮意识到自己问题，主动做一些事情来弥补自己的错误。
2.续写线索：阻止玛丽结账——玛丽受到委屈——安妮意识自己问题——安妮弥补自己错误
3.词汇激活
行为类
①留空位：make room/ make space
②放：put /place
③递：hand/pass/give
情绪类
①忍受：stand/bear/put up with
②眼睛充满眼泪：Tears filling one’s eyes/tears welling up in one’s eyes
③同情的：pitiful/sympathetic
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. All she wanted was a break（使用定语从句）
[高分句型2].Face burning, Mary whispered an apology and moved aside, making space for the next customer. （使用独立主格结构以及使用现在分词做状语）
听力1-5. CBBCA 6-10. CBABC 11-15. AABCA 16-20. BABAC