2022-2023中考英语必记句型 - 比较选择句型

比较选择句型

英语中的比较主要是关于形容词和副词的比较,主要有同级、比较级和最高级三个等级的比较.

一、同级比较(1)A+as+形容词或副词原级＋as+B

此句型表示“A和B一样······”,第一个as是副词,第二个as是介词或连词,后接名词、代词或比较状语从句.该从句一般是简略形式,有时只保留主语.

例句①You are as lazy as she is.你和她一样懒惰.

②Our classroom is as big as theirs.我们的教室和他们的一样大.

③This smartphone is the cheapest, but it is as good as others.这部智能手机虽然是最便宜的,但是和其他的质量一样好.

④The old get satisfied as easily as children do.老人和孩子一样容易感到满足.

⑤He runs as fast as I do.他跑得和我一样快.

(2)A+not as/so+形容词／副词原级＋as+B

此句表示“A和B不一样······”,前一个as是副词,可以用so替换,但后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句,不能用其他连词替换.

例句①Shanghai is not as/so cold as Beijing in winter.冬天,上海没有北京冷.

②Our school is not as/so large as yours.我们的学校没有你们的学校大.

③My cousin is not as/so tall as I am.我的堂哥没有我个子高.

④English isn't as easy as Chinese.英语不如语文容易.

⑤Peter speaks Chinese well indeed, but of course not so fluently as a local speaker in China.彼得说的汉语确实好,但是当然不如中国当地人说得流利.

(3)...times+as+形容词或副词＋as..该结构表示“······是······的几倍”.

例句

①Our school is twice as large as yours.我们的学校是你们学校的两倍大.

②Asia is about four times as large as Europe.亚洲面积大约是欧洲的四倍大.

③The playground is five times as big as it was ten years ago.这个操场是十年前的五倍大.

④He runs twice as fast as Jack does.他跑的速度是杰克的两倍.

二、比较句型

(1)A+形容词或副词的比较级＋than+B

该结构表示“A比B······”,其中than是连词.

例句①John is taller than I.约翰比我高.

②I am good at math, but his English is much better than mine.我擅长数学,但是他的英语比我的好得多.

③Tony is not as clever as Lucy, but he works harder than her.托尼不如露西聪明,但是他比她努力.

④She's much better at English than her brother.她在英语方面比她弟弟好得多.

⑤Australia is a little smaller than China.澳大利亚比中国小一点儿.

⑥No one can sing better than her.没有人唱得比她好.

⑦Friendship is more import than money.友谊比金钱重要.

⑧The question is more difficult than that one.这个问题比那个难.

(2)A+谓语＋倍／岁数＋ 形容词或副词的比较级＋than+B

这个结构表示“A比B······倍／岁数,两倍是twice,三倍以上通常用“基数词＋times”.

例句①This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大.

②This street is four times longer than that one.这条街道是那条街道的四倍长.

③My hair is twice longer than my sister's.我的头发是我姐姐的两倍长.

④The mother elephant is one hundred times heavier than the baby elephant.这只母象比小象重100倍.

(3)A+谓语＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than +any other单数名词(＋介词短语)

该结构表示“A比同一范围内的任何一个人／物都······”,含义是“A最·····.”.

例句①The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.＝The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长.

＝The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流.

②Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.＝ Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他任何一个同学到校都早.＝Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早.

③Baseball is more popular than any other sport in Japan.在日本,棒球比其他任何运动都受欢迎.

④Mt. Jade is higher than any other mountain in Taiwan.玉山要比台湾的其他任何山都高.

(4)A+谓语＋形容词或副词的比较级＋of the two...

该结构表示“A是两者中较······的”.

例句 Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩,我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个.

(5)比较级＋and+比较级

这个结构表示事物持续不断的变化,表示“越来越······”.当形容词或副词为多音节词或部分双音节词时,用“more and more+形容词／副词”表示.

例句①He is getting taller and taller.他长得越来越高了.

②He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了.

③After the rebuilding, our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校重建之后,变得越来越漂亮了.

(6)the+比较级,the+比较级

这个结构表示“越······,越······”,结构的前半部分表示一个条件,后半部分表示条件产生的结果.

例句①The higher the mountain is, the thinner the air is.山越高,空气越稀薄.

②The more you read, the more you will know.你读书越多,你知道的就越多.

③Mr. Li asks us to remember that the more careful we are, the fewer mistakes we will make.李老师让我们记住:我们越小心,犯的错误越少.

(7)特殊疑问词＋谓语＋形容词或副词的比较级,A or B?

例句①Which is bigger, the earth or the moon?哪一个大,地球还是月球?

②Who draws better, Jenny or Danny?谁画得比较好,詹妮还是丹尼?

③-Which season do you like better, summer or winter?夏天和冬天,你比较喜欢哪一个季节?

-Summer.夏天.

④Who runs more slowly, Lily or Michelle? 谁跑得慢,莉莉还是米歇尔?

三、最高级句型

(1)主语＋谓语＋the+谓语＋the+形容词或副词的最高级＋in/of短语(如果是副词最高级,the可要可不要)

例句①Tom is the tallest in his class/of all the students.汤姆是他们班上／所有学生当中最高的.

②This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的.

③I jump(the)farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的.

(2)主语＋谓语＋one of the+形容词或副词的最高级＋可数名词复数

例句①Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一.

②Shanghai, one of the biggest city in China, is also one of the liveliest places.中国最大的城市之一上海,也是最有活力的地方之一.

③Mrs Zhang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.张老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一.

(3)特殊疑问词＋be动词／助动词＋(the)+形容词或副词的最高级,A,B or C?

例句①Which country is the largest, China, Brazil or Canada? 哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?

②Which season do you like(the) best, spring, summer or autumn?你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天?四、其他比较句型

(1)prefer...to···

本句型表示“比······更喜欢·····;宁愿······也不愿······”.其中动词prefer的宾语和介词to的宾语在形式上应一致,可以是名词、代词或动名词,不可用不定式.

例句①My grandparents prefer the countryside to the city.比起城市,我的祖父母更喜欢乡村.

②I prefer red to blue.比起蓝色,我更喜欢红色.

③Many teenagers prefer pop music to folk music.比起民乐来,许多青少年更喜欢流行乐.

④She prefers dancing to singing.比起唱歌,她更喜欢跳舞.

⑤I'm sleepy. I prefer sleeping at home to going out for a walk.我困了,我宁愿在家睡觉也不愿外出散步.

(2)would rather...than···

本句型表示“宁愿·····,也不愿······;与其······不如······”,用以表达主语的意愿,强调经过选择后做其中一件事,而不愿做另一件事.

例句①The children would rather walk there than take a bus.孩子们宁愿步行去那里也不愿乘公共汽车.

②I'd rather go climbing than watch TV at home.我宁愿去爬山,也不愿意在家里看电视.

③I'd rather take an hour's walk to work than drive a car.我宁愿花一个小时步行上班,也不开车去.

(3)What's...favorite...?

例句①What's your favorite subject?你最喜欢的科目是什么?

②Bill, what's your favorite sport?比尔,你最喜欢的运动项目是什么?

③-What's your favorite food?你最喜欢的食物是什么?

-My favorie food is dumplings.我最喜爱的食物是饺子.