2022郴州高一上学期期末试题英语含解析

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郴州市2021年下学期教学质量监测试卷
高一英语
注意事项：
1.试卷分听力、阅读、语言运用、写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟，满分150分。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的指定位置上，并认真核对答题卡上的姓名、准考证号和科目。
3.考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须作答在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。
4.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Which book has the man’s sister bought?
A. A medical book. B. A Chinese textbook. C. An English textbook.
2. Where are the students of Class One?
A. In the classroom. B. In the meeting room. C. In the reading room.
3. What does the man want to do?
A. Make a booking. B. Change a booking. C. Cancel a booking.
4. How much is the suitcase now?
A. 25 dollars. B. 35 dollars. C. 50 dollars.
5. What color dress is the woman wearing?
A. Blue. B. Yellow. C. Red.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6 Why won’t the woman go to the culture festival?
A. Because of housework. B. Because of homework. C. Because of part-time job.
7. What does the man usually do on Saturday nights?
A. He meets his friends. B. He relaxes at home. C. He does some cleaning.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the man do last night?
A. He attended a party. B. He went to see a doctor. C. He looked after his mother.
9. How long did the man stay in the hospital?
A. 3 hours. B. 4 hours. C. 5 hours.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What kind of restaurant is the Lotus Garden?
A. Indian. B. French. C. Chinese.
11. Where is the man now probably?
A. In Birmingham. B. In Leeds. C. In Sunderland.
12. How will James get to Durham?
A. By car. B. By train. C. By bus.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What has the woman been thinking about recently?
A. Which job offer she should accept.
B. What major she should choose.
C. What she would like to work as.
14. What does the woman say about being a flight attendant?
A. Boring. B. Dangerous. C. Poorly-paid.
15. What does the man think the woman is good at?
A. Interpreting. B. Organizing meetings. C. Dealing with money.
16. What does the woman want to be?
A A doctor. B. An interpreter. C. A businesswoman.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where is the talk given?
A. In the Teaching Building. B. In the Student Center. C. In the library.
18. Who should students turn to if they need a part-time job?
A. Mary. B. Gina. C. Ruth.
19. What is Daniel’s duty?
A. To keep the books in order.
B. To solve the computer problems.
C. To help students find information.
20. What does the speaker remind students to do at last?
A. Keep quiet in the library.
B. Return books on time.
C. Apply for family week.
第二部分 阅读
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Christmas is a time of great joy but it can also lead to over-consumption. Here’s how to cut back on unnecessary purchases (购买) and help save the planet in the process.
Get an eco-friendly tree
Having a Christmas tree at home has been a British tradition since the 1700s and we fill our homes with around 8 million a year. But we know plastic trees pollute the planet and cutting down a two-metre tree can produce up to 16 kg of CO2 when it rots in landfill according to the Carbon Trust. But there is an alternative. You can rent a tree from Eco-Elf who deliver it to your door, and then collects it after Christmas to replant it in their UK forests.
Give gifts that make new memories
There’s so much pressure to buy friends, family, colleagues, or neighbours a gift at this time of year. But in fact around £42 million worth of Christmas presents aren’t wanted and end up in dustbins each year, which is not eco-friendly. Chances are your loved ones would rather spend more time with you than have more gifts. You could either book an experience together like a cooking class or a boat trip; organise a nature treasure hunt or go bird-watching; or share a skill you have with them like fixing their bike.
1. What do we know about eco-friendly Christmas trees?
A. They will produce much CO2.
B. They can be bought from Eco-Elf.
C. They can be replanted after Christmas.
D. They have been used by British since the 1700s.
2. Which Christmas gift is Not suggested according to the passage?
A. Fixing your friend’s bike.
B. Organizing a business trip.
C. Enjoying bird-watching.
D. Sharing a cooking class with your kids.
3. What’s the aim of the passage?
A. To introduce several Christmas traditions.
B. To cut back on any purchases at Christmas.
C. To help people have an eco-friendly Christmas.
D. To remind people to spend more time with family at Christmas.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章倡导人们过一个环保的圣诞节并且给出了合理的建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Get an eco-friendly tree标题下最后一句“You can rent a tree from Eco-Elf who deliver it to your door, and then collects it after Christmas to replant it in their UK forests.”（你可以从Eco-Elf那里租一棵树，他们会把它送到你家门口，然后在圣诞节后收集起来，在他们的英国森林里重新种植。），可知我们对环保圣诞树了解到的是：它们可以在圣诞节后被再种植。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“You could either book an experience together like a cooking class or a boat trip; organise a nature treasure hunt or go bird-watching; or share a skill you have with them like fixing their bike.”（你可以一起预订一次体验，比如烹饪课或乘船旅行；组织自然寻宝或观鸟；或者与他们分享你的技能，比如修理他们的自行车。），可知ACD的圣诞礼物都被建议了，B选项（组织一次商务旅行。）这个圣诞礼物没有被建议。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Christmas is a time of great joy but it can also lead to over-consumption. Here’s how to cut back on unnecessary purchases (购买) and help save the planet in the process.”（圣诞节是一个充满欢乐的时刻，但也会导致过度消费。以下是如何减少不必要的购买，并在此过程中帮助拯救地球。），可知这篇文章的目的是帮助人们过一个环保的圣诞节。故选C。
B
Parents have a new tool in the battle over screen time with an Australian app asking kids to solve one math or English problem before they can unlock their phones, which helps children learn something useful during their screen time.
Sydney entrepreneurs (企业家) Issac and Ann Elnekave turned their bright idea into an app called 1-Question and tried it on their 16-year-old daughter Alyssa.
“At first I wasn’t sure about it,” Alyssa said. “I didn’t want my friends to blame me if their parents made them get it. But once I started using it, I realized it doesn’t take that long to answer a question and it’s actually pretty cool.”
Research has shown almost half of children aged between 6 and 16 either have a mobile phone or have access to one. The majority play games or use apps like Youtube for an average of about five hours a day. “The 1-Question app creates micro learning moments,” Mrs Elnekave said. “We created a solution that combine screen time and study.”
Parents can download the $2.99 a month app onto their child’s phone, select their grade and curriculum (课程大纲) subjects, then monitor each time their child correctly answers a question to open a game or app such as Youtube.
“We designed the user experience to be really simple, but behind the app is our incredibly intelligent Al engine,” Mr. Elnekave said. “As your child learns, so does the AI, which works out each child’s areas of strength and weakness and creates a customized path for their learning.”
The app has a base of 12, 000 questions developed by teachers using the Australian, British and American curriculum designed for primary school children.
4. What do we know about the 1-Question app?
A. It is free of charge.
B. It contains questions suitable for high school students.
C. It helps children learn something useful during their screen time.
D. Children need to answer more than one question correctly to unlock their phones.
5. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. The popularity of mobile phones.
B. The way to download the 1-Question app.
C. The influence of phone games on children.
D. The function and significance of the question app.
6. What does the underlined word “customized” mean?
A. Special. B. Easy. C. Useless. D. Interesting.
7. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Finance. D. Health.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的一款应用，它要求孩子们在解锁手机前先解决一道题，这可以帮助孩子们学习有用的东西。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Parents have a new tool in the battle over screen time with an Australian app asking kids to solve one math or English problem before they can unlock their phones, which helps children learn something useful during their screen time.”（家长们有了一个新的工具来争夺屏幕时间，澳大利亚的一款应用要求孩子们在解锁手机之前先解决一道数学或英语题，这可以帮助孩子们在屏幕时间学习有用的东西。）可知，1-Question应用程序可以帮助孩子们在屏幕时间学习有用的东西。故选C项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段““The 1-Question app creates micro learning moments,” Mrs Elnekave said. “We created a solution that combine screen time and study.””（“1-Question应用程序创造了微型学习时刻，”埃尔内卡夫女士说。“我们创造了一个结合了屏幕时间和学习的解决方案。”）可知，本段主要讨论了1-Question应用程序的功能和意义。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“As your child learns, so does the AI, which works out each child’s areas of strength and weakness”（随着孩子的学习，人工智能也在学习，它会计算出每个孩子的优势和劣势）可知，随着孩子的进步，人工智能会计算每个孩子的优势和劣势，为每个孩子制定特殊的学习路径，推测划线单词表示“特殊定制的”，与special同义。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了一个新发明的应用程序，它会要求孩子们在解锁手机前先解决一道题，帮助孩子们学习有用的东西，推测文章出自报纸的“科学”版面。故选B项。
C
Each morning, Caitriona Lally gets up at 4:45 am, puts on her blue coat and heads over to the college to clean from 6 am to 9:30 am. Then she returns home to take care of her daughter, Alice. The day she got the call telling her she won the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature, Alice was sick on the bed.
Caitriona Lally said, “I understand that my choice of job is an unusual one for a writer, and that’s what has attracted media interest. But as long as my story is told accurately, I’m OK with it. The only thing I’m worried about in the report is any suggestion that my life is tougher than it actually is, or that I’m inspiring because I work a cleaning job. But the fact is that I have a partner who works full time, which allows me to clean part-time, write part-time, and be at home with our daughter most of the week. There are people who have to work two or three jobs who don’t get to see their children as often as they like. I’ve also had the chance of going to university and I’ve been able to choose a physical job.”
After graduating in 2004 from Trinity College Dublin, Lally worked as an English teacher in Japan for a year and then traveled a lot. Back in Ireland, she did various jobs, including as a copywriter, and she went to New York for a time as a home helper. She found herself unemployed in 2011, which was when she got the idea for Eggshells. She had stayed friends with some of her old cleaning friends from Trinity, and they told her the school was hiring cleaners. So she went back. She said she finds cleaning large empty rooms, especially beautiful libraries at the college, to be peaceful.
Winners over the years have become some of Ireland’s best-known writers. She hadn’t applied for the award; the committee selects the candidates (候选者). We choose the lifestyle as we want, and life chooses the winner as it wants.
8. What was Caitriona Lally doing when she got the call that she had won the prize?
A. She was writing a new novel.
B. She was taking care of her daughter.
C. She was traveling abroad with her family.
D. She was cleaning the library room of the Trinity College Dublin.
9. Why did Caitriona Lally choose to be a cleaner in a college?
A. Because her old friends advised her to be a cleaner.
B. Because she must do the cleaning job to make a living.
C. Because she couldn’t find a better job than being a cleaner.
D. Because this job offered her time and peaceful mind to write at the same time.
10. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Caitriona Lally applied for the Prize.
B. Caitriona Lally wanted to attract media interest.
C. Caitriona Lally did many jobs after graduation.
D. Caitriona Lally has become the best-known writer in Ireland.
11. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. An Unusual Cleaner and Writer B. An Inspiring Cleaner
C. An Ireland’s Best-known Writer D. A Great Woman
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位选择在大学作清洁工的女士获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Then she returns home to take care of her daughter, Alice. The day she got the call telling her she won the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature, Alice was sick on the bed.”（然后她回家照顾她的女儿爱丽丝。她接到电话说她获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖的那天，爱丽丝卧病在床。）可知，凯特丽娜·拉里接到获奖电话时，她正在照顾自己的女儿。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But the fact is that I have a partner who works full time, which allows me to clean part-time, write part-time, and be at home with our daughter most of the week.”（但事实上，我有一个全职工作的伴侣，这让我可以兼职打扫卫生，兼职写作，每周大部分时间都在家陪女儿。）以及第三段“She said she finds cleaning large empty rooms, especially beautiful libraries at the college, to be peaceful.”（她说，她发现打扫大而空的房间，尤其是学校里漂亮的图书馆，是一种宁静。）可知，凯特丽娜·拉里可以兼职工作，以得到时间陪伴女儿，可以在大学当清洁工的工作中获得宁静，所以凯特丽娜·拉里选择在大学当清洁工是因为这份工作给了她时间和平静的心态去写作。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After graduating in 2004 from Trinity College Dublin, Lally worked as an English teacher in Japan for a year and then traveled a lot. Back in Ireland, she did various jobs, including as a copywriter, and she went to New York for a time as a home helper.”（2004年从都柏林圣三一大学毕业后，拉里在日本当了一年的英语老师，然后去了很多地方。回到爱尔兰后，她做了各种各样的工作，包括文案，还曾到纽约做过一段时间的家务助理。）可知，拉里毕业后做了很多种工作。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了一位选择在大学作清洁工的女士获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖，所以“一位不同寻常的清洁工和作家”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
Things were looking great for Alexi McCammond. Black, female and 27, she was named editor-in-chief of a famous magazine Teen Vogue.
But an unexpected incident ended her career before it began. A group of employees wrote a letter stopping her from being the editor-in-chief because of several online tweets (推文) she had written ten years earlier, when she was a teenager. In them Ms McCammond wrote how to avoid waking up with “Ugly, Asian eyes”. She complained about her poor grades in chemistry: “Thanks a lot, stupid Asian teacher”.
She had apologized for these comments in the past, but a killing in Georgia on March 16th, in which six victims were Asian women, made her apology look even worse. Two days later, Ms McCammond wrote on Twitter again—to say that she had agreed to give up the Teen Vogue job.
Why do tweets keep destroying people? The answer may lie in the language. In form, the language of social media is written—but in style, it is far more like speech. Twitter’s word limit encourages short posts that are like talking. People write them as they speak, using incomplete sentences, slang, informal spellings (to show pronunciation) and so on. Language experts use Twitter to study changes in vocabulary, grammar and usage, which shows that the language of tweets is very similar to oral chatting. Finally, those who are direct or outspoken in speech may be more popular on Twitter.
In order to be one of those popular, people especially teenagers, may make wrong remarks just as Ms McCammond did. Posts may seem to disappear as time goes by, but unless they are deleted they live on forever. In other words, the Internet has its memory, so be careful that something improper one post online can destroy him or her someday.
12. What did a group of employees do in Paragraph 2?
A. Disagreed with McCammond.
B. Worked as responsible editors.
C. Wrote a letter to the editor-in-chief.
D. Prevented McCammond from being the editor-in-chief.
13. According to the passage, what did McCammond decide to do?
A. Gave up her job.
B. Got good grades in chemistry.
C. Continued using social media.
D. Made an apology for her decision.
14. Which words are probably Not used on Twitter?
A. Hope so. B. I’ll be back soon.
C. It’s over my head. D. 2B or not 2B.
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards posts on Twitter?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Careful. D. Unclear.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了《青少年时尚》杂志的主编因曾经发表不当言论失去了自己的工作，互联网是有记忆的，所以人们要谨慎，因为一篇不当的帖子可能会在某一天毁掉自己。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A group of employees wrote a letter stopping her from being the editor-in-chief because of several online tweets she had written ten years earlier, when she was a teenager.”（一群员工写了一封信，阻止她担任主编，因为她十年前在十几岁的时候写的几条在线推文。）可知，一群员工写信阻止麦卡蒙德担任主编。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Two days later, Ms McCammond wrote on Twitter again—to say that she had agreed to give up the Teen Vogue job.”（两天后，麦卡蒙德再次在推特上写道，她同意放弃《青少年时尚》杂志的工作。）可知，麦卡蒙德决定放弃工作。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In form, the language of social media is written—but in style, it is far more like speech.”（在形式上，社交媒体的语言是书面的，但在风格上，它更像是言语。）可知，社交媒体的语言在形式上是书面的，结合选项，B项“我很快就回来”是口头语言，不能在推特上使用。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In other words, the Internet has its memory, so be careful that something improper one post online can destroy him or her someday.”（换句话说，互联网有它的记忆，所以要谨慎，一篇不恰当的帖子可能会在某一天毁掉他或她。）可知，作者认为在Twitter上发表帖子要谨慎。故选C项。
第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It was the sports professionals (专业人员) among bikers, such as mountain bikers, that first used helmets (头盔) when they rode. The UCI-Union Cycliste Internationale, the ruling body of cycling, never required mandatory (强制的) helmet use. ____16____. Finally, the sporting world did make it mandatory and this led to a review of the general laws around the world.
____17____. It has long been known that a motorcyclist can be killed or have his brain seriously hurt because of a road traffic accident. In the past most people thought that because cyclists were slower on the road there was less risk of being hurt. However, this has been proven to be incorrect, ____18____.
____19____. In some European countries, cycle helmets have only become mandatory in the last few years. ____20____. However, in some countries, there are no laws whatsoever. The United Kingdom, for example, has refused to make any law to make cycle helmets mandatory for fear that a helmet law might discourage people from taking up cycling.
A. As a result, more and more cyclists are abandoning helmets
B. However, as one took the lead, others followed
C. so it is mandatory now in many countries for cyclists to wear a helmet
D. Australia was the first country to make wearing cycle helmets mandatory
E. Not wearing a helmet can cause injuries to cyclists
F. In Spain, cyclists have to wear a helmet outside urban (城镇) areas except when going uphill
G. Studies show there is a serious connection between cycling accidents and the risk of hurting heads
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了各地对使用头盔的不同规定和何时成为正式法律。
【16题详解】
根据空格前一句“The UCI-Union Cycliste Internationale, the ruling body of cycling, never required mandatory (强制的) helmet use.”（UCI联合自行车国际协会是自行车运动的主导机构，从未要求强制头盔的使用。）和后一句“Finally, the sporting world did make it mandatory and this led to a review of the general laws around the world.”（最后，体育界确实将其定为强制性的，这导致了对世界各地一般法律的审查。），可知B选项（然而，当其中一人带头时，其他人也跟着这样做）与前文的“从未要求强制头盔的使用”相吻合，同时下一句中的宾语“it”也指代B选项中的“当其中一人带头时”这件事。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据空格后句子“It has long been known that a motorcyclist can be killed or have his brain seriously hurt because of a road traffic accident.”（人们早就知道，摩托车手可能会因为道路交通事故而死亡或脑部严重受伤。），可知空格处应该也是描述事故和受伤之间的事情。选项G（研究表明，骑车事故与头部受伤风险之间存在着严重的联系）适合引出下一句。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空格前两句“In the past most people thought that because cyclists were slower on the road there was less risk of being hurt. However, this has been proven to be incorrect,”（在过去，大多数人认为，因为骑自行车人在路上速度较慢，所以受伤的风险较小。然而，这被证明是不正确的，）可知下一句描述这件事被证明是不正确之后人们做出的反应。选项C（因此，在许多国家，骑自行车的人必须戴头盔）就是人们采取的措施。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据后一句“In some European countries, cycle helmets have only become mandatory in the last few years.”（在一些欧洲国家，自行车头盔直到最近几年才成为强制性的。）可推知前一句应该也是描述国家把戴头盔规定成强制的。D选项（澳大利亚是第一个强制佩戴自行车头盔的国家）符合题意。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据下两句“However, in some countries, there are no laws whatsoever. The United Kingdom, for example, has refused to make any law to make cycle helmets mandatory for fear that a helmet law might discourage people from taking up cycling.”（然而，在一些国家，没有任何法律。例如，英国拒绝制定任何强制戴自行车头盔的法律，因为担心头盔法可能会阻止人们骑自行车。），结合“However”可知空格处应该是提到某个国家有相关法律。F选项（在西班牙，骑自行车的人在市区外必须戴头盔，上坡时除外）符合题意。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last August, we hiked about half a mile to a popular spot called Diana’s Baths in an American park. The ____21____ falls off a series of flat rocks into small pools, where kids in swimsuits were ____22____ around.
I was ____23____ as I saw my two boys jump between the slippery rocks. “No running,” I said again and again. “Stay away from all those edges.” But I soon ____24____ and we were all having fun. Then, seconds later, I ____25____ my son Wyatt sitting down between two rocks in a fast-moving stream. I yelled at him to ____26____. He yelled something that I couldn’t hear, and then he disappeared over the edge.
My husband was already swimming down the rocks. To my ____27____, I finally discovered Wyatt was sitting up. Wyatt had fallen on his back, straight onto the rocks. That’s what Lisa told us. We didn’t know her ____28____ at that point. All we knew was that when everyone else looked on from a distance, too afraid or unbothered to help, this slim woman didn’t ____29____. In fact, by the time my husband pulled Wyatt out of the water, she had already called 911. She gave Wyatt towel to put under his head. She ____30____ us to keep him still and on his back in case he injured his spinal cord. Only at this moment did I get the chance to ask her name and she told me she was Lisa.
The rescue team ____31____. They took Wyatt out of the ____32____. An ambulance took us to the small local hospital. As soon as the ____33____ told me that Wyatt was going to be OK, my thoughts fell to Lisa. If she had not ____34____, would someone else have done so? Perhaps. But it was her.
She was the one who went toward the ____35____ instead of turning away.
21. A. trash B. mud C. sand D. water
22. A. looking B. swimming C. travelling D. gathering
23. A. terrified B. excited C. disappointed D. confused
24. A. returned B. disappeared C. relaxed D. understood
25. A. kept B. stopped C. suggested D. saw
26. A. get out B. give up C. lie down D. turn around
27. A. surprise B. relief C. disappointment D. annoyance
28. A. hobby B. weight C. name D. profession
29. A. telephone B. yell C. apologize D. hesitate
30. A. told B. forced C. ordered D. encouraged
31. A. succeeded B. came C. agreed D. failed
32. A. bathroom B. theater C. park D. school
33. A. teachers B. coaches C. patients D. doctors
34. A. helped B. refused C. accepted D. tried
35. A. funny B. challenging C. time-consuming D. thinkable
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带孩子去公园玩耍遇到危险，一位苗条的女人丽莎迅速采取行动帮了很大的忙。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：水从一系列平坦的岩石上掉入小泳池，穿着泳衣的孩子们在那里游泳。A. trash 垃圾；B. mud 淤泥；C. sand 沙子；D. water 水。根据下文“falls off a series of flat rocks into small pools”可知，应该是“水”流进池塘，符合语境。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：水从一系列平坦的岩石上掉入小泳池，穿着泳衣的孩子们在那里游泳。A.looking 看；B.swimming 游泳；C.travelling 旅行；D.gathering 聚集。根据上文“falls off a series of flat rocks into small pools”可知，应该是穿着泳衣的孩子们正在“游泳”，符合语境。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看到两个男孩在湿滑的岩石之间跳跃时，我吓坏了。A. terrified 害怕的；B. excited 兴奋的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. confused 迷惑的。根据下文“as I saw my two boys jump between the slippery rocks”可知，看到孩子在岩石间跳跃，所以此刻作者应该是感到“害怕的”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我很快就放松了，我们都玩得很开心。A. returned 返回；B. disappeared 消失；C. relaxed 放松；D. understood 理解。根据下文“as I saw my two boys jump between the slippery rocks”可知，我们都玩得开心，所以此处应该我“放松”下来了。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，我看到我的儿子怀亚特坐在一条快速流动的小溪中的两块岩石之间。A. kept 保持；B. stopped 停止；C. suggested 建议；D. saw 看到。根据下文“my son Wyatt sitting down between two rocks in a fast-moving stream.”可知，作者儿子正坐在岩石上，所以此处用“看到”，符合语境。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我大声叫他出去。A. get out 出去；B. give up 放弃；C. lie down 躺下；D. turn around 转身。根据下文“and then he disappeared over the edge.”可知，他消失在边缘处，所以此处应该是大声叫他“出去”，符合语境。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我感到宽慰的是，我终于发现怀亚特坐起来了。A. surprise 惊讶；B. relief 宽慰；C. disappointment 失望；D. annoyance 烦恼。根据下文“I finally discovered Wyatt was sitting up.”可知，作者发现怀特亚坐起来了，所以此处应该是指作者感到“松了口气、宽慰”。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我们不知道她的名字。A. hobby 爱好；B. weight 重量；C. name 名字；D. profession 职业。根据下文“Only at this moment did I get the chance to ask her name and she told me she was Lisa.”可知，到后来才有机会问她的名字，所以此处应该是还不知道她的“名字”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们所知道的是，当所有人都在远处观望时，因为太害怕或不愿帮忙，这位苗条的女人却毫不犹豫。A. telephone 打电话；B. yell 叫喊；C. apologize 道歉；D. hesitate 犹豫。根据下文“she had already called 911.”可知，她已经采取了行动，所以此处指她没有“犹豫”。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我们让他躺着别动，以防他伤到脊髓。A. told 告诉；B. forced 强迫；C. ordered 命令；D. encouraged 鼓励。根据下文“in case he injured his spinal cord.”可知，怕伤到他的脊髓，所以空格处应该用“告诉”我们。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援队来了。A. succeeded 成功；B. came 到来；C. agreed 同意；D. failed 失败。根据下文“They took Wyatt out of the”可知，他们把怀亚特救出，所以此处是指救援队已“到来”。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们把怀亚特带出了公园。A. bathroom 浴室；B. theater 剧场；C. park 公园；D. school 学校。文章第一段提到作者带孩子来公园玩。再根据下文“An ambulance took us to the small local hospital.”可知，救护车把我们带到了当地医院，所以此处是指救援队把怀亚特带出“公园”，送到了医院。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当医生告诉我怀亚特会好起来的时候，我想到了丽莎。A. teachers 老师；B. coaches 教练；C. patients 病人；D. doctors 医生。根据上文“An ambulance took us to the small local hospital.”可知，救护车把我们带到了当地医院，所以空格处应该是“医生”告诉作者。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果她没有帮忙，其他人会这么做吗？A. helped 帮助；B. refused 拒绝；C. accepted 接受；D. tried 试图。根据上文“my thoughts fell to Lisa.”可知，作者想到了丽莎的帮助，所以此处指，假如没有她的“帮助”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是那个走向挑战而不是转身离开的人。A. funny 有趣的；B. challenging 具有挑战性的；C. time-consuming 耗时的；D. thinkable 可考虑的。根据上文“she had already cled 911. She gave Wyatt towel to put under his head.”可知，她提供了很多帮助来救人，所以她是那个敢于面对“挑战”的人，此处用the+形容词表示一类事物，所以the challenging是指具有挑战性的事物。故选B项。
第二节
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you want to start exercising? Congratulations! You ____36____ (be) sure to benefit a lot from it. To start with, physical activity increases ____37____ efficiency of your heart and lungs. In addition, it has been proven that active people tend to have ____38____ (good) immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. Moreover, ____39____ (work) out can help you reduce stress, get over negative feelings, and improve certain brain functions. ____40____ (help) you exercise properly, there are several tips. First, make sure ____41____ you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. Then stick with activities ____42____ you enjoy. Second, eat right food to meet different needs of your body. When to eat is also ____43____ great importance. Don’t forget to drink throughout exercise. Last but not least, wear proper clothes and ____44____ (equip) when exercising to prevent injury. Warming up before exercising and stretching at the end of ____45____ (you) workout are good ways to avoid getting hurt.
【答案】36. are
37. the 38. better
39. working
40. To help
41. what 42. which##that
43. of 44. equipment
45. your
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了体育锻炼的好处并且就体育锻炼给出了几点建议。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：你肯定会从中受益匪浅。句子陈述事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是You，系动词用are符合题意。故填are。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：首先，体育锻炼可以提高心脏和肺的效率。结合“of your heart and lungs”可知，在名词efficiency前用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：此外，已经证明，活跃的人往往有更好的免疫系统，患病风险较低。结合后半句的lower可知and连接并列成分，用形容词比较级better符合题意，better immune systems，意为“更好的免疫系统”。故填better。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：而且，锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服消极情绪，改善某些大脑功能。在情态动词can之前需要动名词作主语。故填working。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助你正确锻炼，这里有几条建议。句子谓语动词是系动词are，且无连词，空格处填入非谓语动词，考虑使用动词不定式作目的状语，首字母大写。故填To help。
【41题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：首先，确定你希望改善的方面：心肺效率、肌肉力量或柔韧性。空格处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，指物用what引导符合题意。故填what。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：然后坚持你喜欢的活动。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词activities，先行词指物，且在从句中作宾语用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：什么时候吃也是非常重要的。句子使用“be of+名词”句型，be of great importance意为“是非常重要的”。故填of。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：最后但是同等重要的是，运动时要穿戴合适的衣服和设备，以防受伤。and连接并列成分，其前是名词clothes，其后应填入不可数名词equipment。故填equipment。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：锻炼前热身和锻炼结束后拉伸是避免受伤的好方法。在名词workout前需要形容词性物主代词your作定语。故填your。
第四部分 写作
第一节
46. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack写信告诉你他想学习中文，但是由于疫情无法到中国来学习。请你写信回复他，内容包括：
1.表示支持；2.给出具体的建议；3.给予鼓励。
注意：
1.词数80左右；2.条理清晰，语意连贯，语言得体；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jack,
I am more than happy to know you want to learn Chinese. Although you can’t visit China due to the pandemic, don’t worry. I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions.
First of all, as proper guidance can help you learn more easily, it’s a good idea to learn Chinese either from a Chinese teacher or from teaching videos on the Internet. Furthermore, I strongly suggest you listen to and speak Chinese with native Chinese speakers online. Of course, I will be always available if you want to practice Chinese.
I hope my advice will be of some help to you and you will make progress in time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于书信体中的回复信。考生李华的英国朋友Jack写信说他想学习中文，要求考生请写信回复他。
【详解】1.词汇积累
给予：give→ offer
此外：besides → furthermore
建议：advice→ suggestion
由于：because of=due to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions.
拓展句：I’d like to offer you some suggestions which are practical.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I will be always available if you want to practice Chinese.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]I hope my advice will be of some help to you and you will make progress in time.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My mum and grandma drove me to a 5km race. There was a fierce thunderstorm, and when we got there, I had to wait for it to pass beneath an overhang (屋檐) with the other runners. I started to feel a little nervous, because some of the people there looked really fast. They had proper running shoes and long skinny legs. They were all different ages. I wasn’t wearing running clothes; just a normal T-shirt and shorts.
An hour after the official start time even though it was still raining, the race organisers said we could go. That morning, I was running confidently and feeling strong. The route went through a neighbourhood and there were quite a few people cheering us on, but I didn’t see any faces I knew. It started to pour again, but I love running in the rain: It keeps me cool and I can keep going for longer, even when I get tired, when I run, I don’t wear a watch to see what distance I’m at；I just focus on moving, breathing and how my body feels.
At one point, I came to a split (分叉) in the course. A woman who was directing us blocked off (封锁) the route which I was meant to take and told me to go the other way, so I followed her directions.
I was confused, but just kept running. I knew I must be close to finishing the 5km, but I couldn’t see the finishing line. After a while I saw route directions for a 10km race. I was worried and thought I was lost, but had to keep going. My body started to get tired and my muscles a little sore. I said to myself, “You’re almost there. Just keep breathing.” Eventually I saw the finishing line and spotted my mum. She looked angry. I got past the line and she was yelling, “Why did you do this, Kade? You are in so much trouble.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I learned why my mum was angry later
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My mum went up to the lady who was timing the race.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I learned why my mum was angry later. When she didn’t see me at the 5km finishing line, she and my grandma had gone looking for me and couldn’t find me anywhere. They thought something bad had happened. She’d even given a photograph of me to a fireman, before someone said they’d spotted me in the 10km. I said, “I didn’t do this on purpose, Mum! It was a mistake.” She calmed down when she realised I hadn’t intentionally done it. I felt bad that I had worried her.
My mum went up to the lady who was timing the race. She told my mum, “He finished first. He won the race.” It’s funny, because in the pictures of the finish, there is no one in front of or behind me. I couldn’t believe it. I didn’t even know I was running a 10km and I had won it. My mum and my grandma were so excited and kept hugging me. I was still trying to catch my breath. I felt so happy and proud. It was my first time running such a distance.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次5公里赛跑的过程中，偶遇雷雨天气，即使没有穿专业的跑步服，作者仍然很专注。在一个分叉口，听从了一个女人的指挥，作者错过了5公里的终点线，继续跑到了10公里的终点。妈妈因为在预计的5公里终点线找不到作者，开始搜寻并担心作者。得到了别人给的信息，妈妈等在了10公里的终点线，并且很生气质问作者，作者向妈妈解释了原因，得到了谅解，妈妈和计时员了解到作者优异的成绩，大家都很高兴。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“后来我才知道妈妈为什么生气。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈生气的原因和作者做出的解释。
②由第二段首句内容“我妈妈走到给比赛计时的女士跟前。”可知第二段可描写计时人员告诉妈妈比赛结果以及妈妈，奶奶和作者的反应。
2.续写线索：妈妈对作者跑过5英里终点线感到生气——作者给出解释——得到妈妈谅解——妈妈走到计时员面前询问结果——得到好成绩，皆大欢喜
3.词汇激活
行为类
①寻找：look for/search for
②发现：spot/find
③相信：believe/have faith in
④拥抱：hug/embrace
情绪类
①感觉糟糕：felt bad/feel awkward
②兴奋的：excited/thrilled
【点睛】[高分句型1] She’d even given a photograph of me to a fireman, before someone said they’d spotted me in the 10km.（运用了before引导的时间状语从句和省略了引导词that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] It’s funny, because in the pictures of the finish, there is no one in front of or behind me.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句和there be句型）
听力答案：1-5 ACBAC 6-10 CACAC 11-15 ACCBA 16-20 CABCA