浙江省慈溪市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份浙江省慈溪市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021学年第一学期慈溪市市髙二年级英语期末试题
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the party tonight?
A. By the trees.
B. In the boats.
C. In the café.
2. What is said about the woman?
A. She wants to have a relaxing voyage.
B. She'll follow the man's advice.
C. She'll stay in Bali for a few weeks.
3. Who broke the milk bottle?
A. The boy's sister.
B. The boy.
C. The pet.
4. What is the woman telling the man?
A. Where to buy a ticket.
B. How to use the machine.
C. How to find the station on the map.
5. What do we know about Jane and the woman?
A. They planned to meet at 1 o'clock.
B. They misunderstood the meeting time and place.
C. Jane is waiting for the woman at the library reference desk.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后柯几个小题，从题中所绐的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独由前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why is the man unwilling to buy the evening dress for his wife?
A. It's too expensive.
B. She has already got a lot.
C. He doesn't know if she'll like it.
7. What can we learn about the man?
A. He will buy a necklace for his wife.
B. He wants to buy his wife a birthday gift.
C. He will go to Paris to get fashionable clothes.
听第 7 段村料, 回答第8至9题。
8. How does the woman probably want to get to the aquarium(水族馆)?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway.
9. What does the woman mean in the end?
A. She doesn't know the way to the aquarium.
B. She wants the man to go to the aquarium with her.
C. She will give up the idea of going to the aquarium.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Where are the speakers?
A. In a store. B. At a bus stop. C. On a street corner.
11. What will the woman do next?
A. Go to a park.
B. Buy a soft drink.
C. Visit an art museum.
12. Why does the man say the woman is lucky?
A. There is parking room available.
B. Parking is free on Thursdays.
C. She has enough coins to put into the parking meter.
听第 9 段材料, 回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What is the man doing?
A. Reading some articles.
B. Listening to the radio.
C. Watching a TV program.
14. Why was the ballet performance stopped halfway?
A. Someone turned the lights off.
B. A big fire broke out.
C. The fire alarm rang.
15 What does the woman think of Martin's winning the award?
A. Reasonable. B. Unbelievable. C. Worthwhile.
16. How did the Egyptian farmer die?
A He killed himself with his gun.
B. He was kicked by his sheep.
C. He was shot accidentally.
听第 10 段村料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A relative. B. His family. C. His study.
18. How did the speaker feel during the first week at school?
A. Pleased. B. Lonely. C. Worried.
19. How old is the speaker?
A. 15 . B. 16. C. 17.
20. What is the speaker's problem?
A. He can't find a chance to make peace with (讲和) Sophie.
B. He doesn't know how to refuse Sophie's invitation.
C. He doesn't know how to remind Sophie of her bad manners to him.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分25分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A，B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
My phone is no longer mine. Has this happened to anyone else? Perhaps this was how my own mother felt when she picked up the wall-mounted (固定在墙上的) phone that could reach any room in the house, only to hear my voice chatting with my friend. Remember those days when we all shared one home phone? As a child, I would frequently visit a friend whose mother lived on her phone. I would wait and wait to make a call to my parents to ask for a ride home. Sadly, even though I am now a woman who is far closer to 40 than to 30 , I am still waiting to use the phone.
My husband and I are Generation Xers, fighting our way through a world filled with TikTok, Snapchat, and Twitter. We've tried to search through the latest parenting advice from experts and medical research available on the use of screens by young children. Finally, we agreed that 13 was the best age for our children to gain access to these technological wonders.
However, the COVID-19 pandemic hit. The world changed, and so did my phone. While during the lockdown, my phone acquired Zoom, Marco Polo and countless other apps that allowed my children to connect with their friends. All of our family, my husband and I included, were longing for meaningful connections with friends. So I arranged Zoom meetings for my kids, and then my phone began to disappear for hours as they shared Marco Polo videos back and forth with their friends.
Even though I'm frequently annoyed because my phone has walked off again, my heart is ultimately full. My kids and I are sharing. We're learning to co-exist, to set boundaries, and to think of each other first. Because of my phone, I'm involved in my kids "lives, I know their friends, their habits, their favorite apps and photos they have taken. Sharing my phone may be difficult, but it's rewarding; it builds another layer of connection between us.
1. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By posing a question.
B. By presenting an argument.
C. By describing her family tradition.
D. By recalling her childhood experience.
2. What happened to the author when COVID-19 hit?
A. She enjoyed watching videos on the phone with her family.
B. She often fought over phones with her husband.
C. She began sharing her phone with her children.
D. She lost contact with her friends.
3. What benefit does the author get from the experience during the lockdown?
A. Having a deeper connection with her children.
B. Establishing a new link with the outside.
C. Taking to exploring new apps.
D. Making lots of friends online.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了COVID-19爆发后，作者把自己的手机和孩子们分享，使他们能和朋友们进行互动交流，同时，也促进了作者对孩子的了解。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“Remember those days when we all shared one home phone? As a child, I would frequently visit a friend whose mother lived on her phone. I would wait and wait to make a call to my parents to ask for a ride home. Sadly, even though I am now a woman who is far closer to 40 than to 30 , I am still waiting to use the phone.(还记得我们共用一个家庭电话的日子吗？当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常去拜访一位朋友，她的母亲靠电话生活。我会一直等，一直等着（用他家的电话)给我爸妈打电话让他们接我回家。可悲的是，虽然我现在是一个30出头，40不到的女人，但我仍然在等着用电话)”可知，通过回忆小时候，一家人分享座机电话那个时代的点点滴滴，引出本文的话题“分享手机”。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“While during the lockdown, my phone acquired Zoom, Marco Polo and countless other apps that allowed my children to connect with their friends. All of our family, my husband and I included, were longing for meaningful connections with friends.(在封锁期间，我的手机安装了Zoom、Marco Polo和无数其他应用程序，让我的孩子与朋友联系。我们全家，包括我和丈夫，都渴望与朋友们建立有意义的联系)”以及第四段第一句“Even though I'm frequently annoyed because my phone has walked off again, my heart is ultimately full. My kids and I are sharing. (尽管我经常因为手机不在我手里而烦恼，但我的心最终还是满满的。我和我的孩子们正在分享)”可知，COVID-19爆发后，孩子们利用作者的手机和朋友们建立联系，作者和孩子们分享自己的手机。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段第二句开始“My kids and I are sharing. We're learning to co-exist, to set boundaries, and to think of each other first. Because of my phone, I'm involved in my kids' lives, I know their friends, their habits, their favorite apps and photos they have taken. Sharing my phone may be difficult, but it's rewarding; it builds another layer of connection between us.(我和我的孩子们正在分享。我们正在学习共存，设定界限，并首先为对方着想。因为我的手机，我参与到孩子们的生活中，我了解他们的朋友，他们的习惯，他们最喜欢的应用程序和他们拍摄的照片。分享我的手机可能是困难的，但它是值得的；它在我和孩子们之间建立了另一层联系)”可知，在封锁期间，作者通过分享手机，对孩子了解更多更深，和孩子间的关系有了更深入的交流，联系比以往更深了。故选A项。
B
Many of us are disgusted at spiders or afraid of them. We don't like to touch them or go near them, and if we see one in our house, we'd better watch out. But do you know that a spider's natural color may inspire a new shade of blue textiles and offer a solution to the glare on the screen of your phone when you're out in the sun?
This color is a shade of blue, inspired by the cobalt blue tarantula (钴蓝狼蛛) — a species of spider that is native to the rainforests of southeast Asia. What surprised scientists who observed the eight-legged furry spider was that its color did not change at all even when viewed from different angles.
A team of scientists, led by Bill Hsiung from the University of Akron in Ohio, have been studying tarantulas for some time. Blue is a rare color in the animal kingdom, so the researchers set out to find the exact nature of this blue. They found that the outer body of the tarantula is covered with tiny crystalline (晶体的) structures. These tiny structures act like a mirror and when light strikes them, they reflect only one particular wavelength of light - blue. This kind of natural color is referred to as the “structural color”.
Usually, when colors are viewed from different angles, they appear different because of how light is reflected. This is because of a phenomenon known as iridescence (彩虹色). However, the blue color produced by tarantulas appears the same from all angles. Scientists find that it is the tiny crystal structures on the tarantula’s body arranged in a flower-like shape that reduce iridescence.
Scientists have known about structural colors for a while, but they have not seen them used for dye. With a clearer understanding of how “structural colors” work, scientists can now create a pigment (色素) similar to the tarantula blue to dye textiles and other products. Watch out for the tarantula blue-a color that may soon take the fashion industry by storm!
4. What is special about the cobalt blue tarantula?
A. Its body color is unchangeably blue.
B. Its legs look crystal clear in the sun.
C. Its smell is naturally disgusting.
D. Its fur can be made into textiles.
5. What’s the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4?
A. To introduce the tarantula's body structures.
B. To show the phenomenon of color iridescence.
C. To explain the principle of the structural color.
D. To discuss the importance of reflection angles to colors.
6. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A color inspired by a spider
B. The development of blue textiles
C. A spider with structural colors discovered
D. The cobalt blue tarantula-a rare species
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了科学家观察到钴蓝狼蛛的身体蓝色的特殊性，受到启发，然后可以创造出类似的颜色。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This color is a shade of blue, inspired by the cobalt blue tarantula (钴蓝狼蛛) ——a species of spider that is native to the rainforests of southeast Asia. What surprised scientists who observed the eight-legged furry spider was that its color did not change at all even when viewed from different angles.(这个颜色是蓝色，灵感来自钴蓝狼蛛——一种原产于东南亚热带雨林的蜘蛛。观察这只八条腿的毛茸茸的蜘蛛的科学家们感到惊讶的是，即使从不同的角度观察，它的颜色也没有任何变化。)”可知，钴蓝狼蛛的特殊之处在于它们的身体颜色是不变的，一直是蓝色的。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, the blue color produced by tarantulas appears the same from all angles. Scientists find that it is the tiny crystal structures on the tarantula’s body arranged in a flower-like shape that reduce iridescence. (然而，狼蛛产生的蓝色从各个角度来看都是一样的。科学家们发现，是狼蛛身体上微小的晶体结构以花的形状排列，减少了彩虹色。)”，结合第三段结尾“This kind of natural color is referred to as the ‘structural color’.(这种自然色被称为“结构色”。)”可知，第四段主要目的是解释结构色的原理。故选C项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“This color is a shade of blue, inspired by the cobalt blue tarantula (钴蓝狼蛛) —a species of spider that is native to the rainforests of southeast Asia. (这个颜色是蓝色的，灵感来自钴蓝狼蛛——一种原产于东南亚热带雨林的蜘蛛。)”可知，本文主要讲述了科学家观察到钴蓝狼蛛的身体蓝色的特殊性，受到启发，产生灵感，然后可以创造出类似的颜色。A项“灵感来自蜘蛛的颜色”符合本文主题，适合做标题。故选A项。
C
A demonstration mission to test an idea of cleaning up space junk was launched this morning in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-D, the mission will exhibit technology that can help deal with space junk. The spacecraft works by attempting to attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward the Earth to burn up in the atmosphere.
ELSA-D, which stands for End-of-life Services by Astroscale, will be carried out by a “servicer spacecraft” and a “client satellite” that are launched together, according to Astroscale, spacecraft will release and try to meet with the client satellite, which will act as a piece of space junk.
The mission will carry out this catch-and-release process repeatedly over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer’s ability to track down and dock with its target in varying levels of complexity. However, the spacecraft is not designed to deal with dead satellites already in orbit, but rather future satellites that would be launched with docking plates on them.
Space junk has been a growing problem for years. According to a recent report by NASA, at least 26,000 of the millions of pieces of space junk are the size of a softball. Orbiting along at 17,500mph, they could destroy a satellite. And the most common space junk, more than 100 million pieces, is the size of a grain of salt and could make holes in a spacesuit, amplifying risk to spacecraft and crew.
The development of other cleanup technologies has been underway for years. In 2016, Japan’s space agency sent a 700-meter chain into space to try to slow down and redirect space junk. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a large piece of space junk. These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space projects like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit in a messy way.
7. How will the servicer spacecraft function?
A. By breaking space junk into pieces.
B. By pushing space junk towards the Earth.
C. By adding docking plates to client satellites.
D. By drawing dead satellites away from the Earth.
8. What kind of space junk will the servicer mainly deal with?
A. Dead satellites in orbit.
B. Large pieces of space junk.
C. Satellites to be launched with docking plates.
D. Space junk around working satellites in a messy way.
9. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “amplifying” in Paragraph 4?
A. increasing B. removing
C. examining D. transporting
10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Space research is becoming important.
B. The function of artificial satellites is various.
C. It’s necessary to conduct the clear-up mission.
D. SpaceX plays an important role in sending satellites.
【答案】7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种清理太空垃圾的新方法。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“The spacecraft works by attempting to attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward the Earth to burn up in the atmosphere.”（航天器的工作原理是试图将自己连接到死卫星上，并将它们推向地球，在大气层中烧毁。）可知，服务者航天器通过将自己连接到死卫星等太空垃圾上，并将它们推向地球，在大气层中烧毁来清理太空垃圾，由此可知，服务者航天器通过将太空垃圾推向地球来发挥作用。故选B项。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“However, the spacecraft is not designed to deal with dead satellites already in orbit, but rather future satellites that would be launched with docking plates on them.”（然而，该航天器的设计目的并不是为了处理已经在轨道上的死卫星，而是为了处理未来发射的带有对接板的卫星。）可知，服务者航天器的设计目的主要是为了处理未来发射的带有对接板的卫星，由此可知，服务者将主要处理的太空垃圾是未来发射的带有对接板的卫星。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线单词句中“And the most common space junk, more than 100 million pieces, is the size of a grain of salt and could make holes in a spacesuit”（而最常见的太空垃圾超过1亿件，只有一粒盐那么大，可以在宇航服上打洞）可知，常见的太空垃圾很多，有一粒盐那么大，可以在宇航服上打洞，由此可知，太空垃圾可以在宇航服上打洞，这无疑增加了航天器和宇航员的风险，“increasing”意为“增加”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选A项。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“The development of other cleanup technologies has been underway for years.”（其他清洁技术的开发已经进行了多年。）和“These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space projects like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit in a messy way.”（随着SpaceX等私人空间项目继续以混乱的方式填满近地轨道，这些努力可能会变得越来越重要。）可知，太空清洁技术的开发已经进行了多年，并且随着私人空间项目以混乱的方式填满近地轨道，太空清洁会变得越来越重要，由此可知，从最后一段我们能推断出有必要执行太空清理任务。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
These days, most people like using messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. But sometimes making a call is unavoidable. However, this simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people. ___11___ If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia — the fear of speaking over the phone.
___12___ When speaking face-to-face, we use facial expressions and gestures that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking with someone on the phone makes some people so terrified that they will freeze up and look foolish. However, there are things that one suffering from this condition can do to ease this fear.
One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call is smile. ___13___ It won't remove the anxiety altogether but it will take the edge off (减轻) it.
Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. That will make you feel less nervous and help you predict some possible problems. There's no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes forming several ideas of what you want to say. ___14___ This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself spontaneously (自然地).
And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don't always have to pick up. ___15___
A. Doing so can help you feel more relaxed.
B. It's often the opening lines that give us the most anxiety.
C. Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought of it.
D. People who feel comfortable in social situations may experience telephobia.
E. The most important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.
F. You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking.
G. There's nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A 14. F 15. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要给一些害怕打电话的人提出一些建议。
【11题详解】
根据上文“However, this simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people.（然而，这个简单的行为对于有些人来说，实际上可能是一场噩梦）”可知，有些人会害怕打电话，C项“一想到这件事，他们就心跳加速，双手汗流浃背。”符合题意，故选择C项。
【12题详解】
根据下文“When speaking face-to-face, we use facial expressions and gestures that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking with someone on the phone makes some people so terrified that they will freeze up and look foolish.（当面对面交谈时，我们使用面部表情和手势来帮助对方跟上对话。电话里不是这样的。一想到要和别人打电话，有些人就会害怕得僵住，看起来很傻。）”可知，有些人在面对面的社交场合能感到舒适，也可能害怕打电话，D项“在社交场合感到舒适的人可能会经历电话恐惧症。”符合题意，故选择D项。
【13题详解】
根据下文“It won't remove the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off (减轻) it.（它不会完全消除焦虑，但会减轻压力焦虑。）”可知，上文说的是微笑可以让你感到放松，A项“这样做可以让你感觉更放松。”符合题意，故选择A项。
【14题详解】
根据上文“There's no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes forming several ideas of what you want to say.（没有必要花几个小时在这个问题上，只需要几分钟形成你想说的几个想法。）”可知，本段主要说的是可以提前计划自己要说的内容，F项“你甚至可以写一些简短的笔记来题型你自己你的谈话内容。”符合题意，故选择F项。
【15题详解】
根据上文“when faced with receiving a call, you don't always have to pick up.（当你接到电话时，你不必总是接。）”可知，这里说的是，你可以稍后再回电话，G项“等你觉得舒服的时候再回电话也没有问题”符合题意，故选择G项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分4S分）
第一节完形瑣空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅说下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在笞题纸上将该项涂黑。
My son, Ben, died at the age of 23. As I ___16___ the loss of him, I found peace on the mountain peaks of New Hampshire, where he spent his childhood. ___17___ was my way to hide from the pain of loss. Every step,path and peak gave me the ___18___ to recover.
About a month after his death, I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight with ___19___. Standing at the top, I ___20___ the mountains that my son loved. For a moment the blow of his death to me ___21___ and I could breathe.
The following weekends I ___22___ Mount Moosilauke, Mount Cannon, then Mount Flume, Mount Liberty and so on. While hiking the mountains, I ___23___ lots of difficulties — navigating (导航) mountain roads at night, camping on the slopes and planning routes. Mount Cannon ___24___ the exciting change in my life: I was no longer ___25___ of walking alone. Instead of feeling my beating heart and anxiety inside, I began to ___26___ the snow-covered trees and the beautiful blue color of the sky.
Ben's death has led me to more outdoor ___27___ than ever before. I've gone from taking occasional weekend trips to ___28___ going hiking in the country for a few days. If Ben lived, I would have done these things with him. I am really ___29___.
These days I hike to ___30___, not to hide. I find Ben, and I also find myself: I'm turning into someone ___31___ and ready to face more challenges in life. The sorrow of forced ___32___ becomes the silence of the path; the peace of nature ___33___ the pain of loss. Hiking is exhausting but fun, and it teaches me that sorrow and ___34___ can live together. I find ___35___ along the way.
16. A. figured out B. struggled with C. set aside D. gave away
17. A. Crying B. Running C. Walking D. Chatting
18. A. power B. right C. chance D. reason
19. A. pride B. sadness C. fear D. respect
20. A. described B. explored C. cleared D. overlooked
21. A. fell B. spread C. faded D. abandoned
22. A. protected B. conquered C. missed D. advocated
23. A. got over B. got down C. got out D. got off
24. A. witnessed B. demanded C. explained D. accepted
25. A. fond B. conscious C. frightened D. ashamed
26. A. draw B. believe C. understand D. notice
27. A. education B. performance C. experience D. research
28. A. regularly B. eventually C. temporarily D. permanently
29. A. surprised B. content C. curious D. regretful
30. A. relax B. seek C. survive D. help
31. A. wiser B. freer C. healthier D. braver
32. A. separation B. consumption C. arrangement D. retirement
33. A. reflects B. represents C. resembles D. replaces
34. A. future B. luck C. joy D. sympathy
35. A. adventure B. comfort C. excitement D. friendship
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者通过徒步旅行从失去儿子的悲痛中走出来，更勇敢的面对生活的挑战。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我与失去儿子的痛苦作斗争时，我在新罕布什尔州的山峰上找到了平静，那里是他度过童年的地方。A. figured out解决、计算出；B. struggled with与……斗争；C. set aside留出；D. gave away赠送。根据上句“My son, Ben, died at the age of 23.（我的儿子本23岁就去世了）”可知作者很痛苦，作者与失去儿子的痛苦作斗争。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：走路是我逃避失落痛苦的方式。A. Crying哭泣；B. Running跑；C. Walking走路；D. Chatting闲聊。根据后文“About a month after his death, I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight with ___4___.（他死后大约一个月，我带着悲伤徒步旅行了卡特多姆和Mount Hight ）”“walk”和“hike”为近义词。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一步，道路和高峰给了我恢复的力量。A. power力量；B. right权力；C. chance机会；D. reason理由。根据后句“Hiking is exhausting but fun, and it teaches me that sorrow and ___19___ can live together. I find ___20___ along the way. （徒步旅行虽然很累，但也很有趣，它让我明白了悲伤和快乐可以共存，一路上我都能找到刺激）”可知每一步，道路和高峰给了作者恢复的力量。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他死后大约一个月，我带着悲伤徒步旅行了卡特多姆和Mount Hight。A. pride骄傲；B. sadness悲伤；C. fear害怕；D. respect尊重。根据上文“My son, Ben, died at the age of 23.（我的儿子本23岁就去世了）”可知作者很痛苦，带着悲伤徒步旅行了卡特多姆和Mount Hight。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：站在山顶，我俯视着我儿子喜爱的群山。A. described描述；B. explored探索；C. cleared清楚；D. overlooked俯视。根据上句“Standing at the top（站在山顶）”可知作者站在山顶，俯视着我儿子喜爱的群山。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有那么一会儿，他的死对我的打击消失了，我可以呼吸了。A. fell跌落；B. spread延伸；C. faded减弱；D. abandoned抛弃。根据后句“I could breathe.（我可以呼吸了）”可知作者的儿子的死对作者的打击消失了。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几个周末，我征服了穆西拉克山、坎农山、弗卢姆山、自由山等等。A. protected保护；B. conquered征服；C. missed思念；D. advocated提倡。根据后句“While hiking the mountains, I ___8___ lots of difficulties--- navigating (导航) mountain roads at night, camping on the slopes and planning routes.（在登山的过程中，我克服了很多困难——晚上在山路上行走、在斜坡上露营和规划路线）”可知作者接下来的几个周末，我征服了穆西拉克山、坎农山、弗卢姆山、自由山等等。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在登山的过程中，我克服了很多困难——晚上在山路上行走、在斜坡上露营和规划路线。A. got over克服；B. got down下来；C. got out出去；D. got off下车。根据后句“navigating (导航) mountain roads at night, camping on the slopes and planning routes. Mount Cannon（晚上在山路上行走、在斜坡上露营和规划路线）”可知在登山的过程中，作者克服了很多困难。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：坎农山见证了我生活中令人兴奋的变化：我不再害怕独自行走。A. witnessed见证；B. demanded要求；C. explained解释；D. accepted接受。根据后句“I was no longer ___10___ of walking alone.（我不再害怕独自行走了）”可知坎农山见证了我生活中令人兴奋的变化。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不再害怕独自行走。A. fond喜爱；B. conscious意识到的；C. frightened害怕的；D. ashamed惭愧的。根据后句“. Instead of feeling my beating heart and anxiety inside, I began to ___11___ the snow-covered trees and the beautiful blue color of the sky.（我不再感到自己的心跳和内心的焦虑，而是开始注意到被白雪覆盖的树木和美丽的蓝色天空。）”可知我不再害怕独自行走。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不再感到自己的心跳和内心的焦虑，而是开始注意到被白雪覆盖的树木和美丽的蓝色天空。A. draw画画； B. believe相信；C. understand理解；D. notice注意到。根据后上句“Instead of feeling my beating heart and anxiety inside（而不是感受我跳动的心脏和内心的焦虑）”可知作者不再感到自己的心跳和内心的焦虑，而是开始注意到被白雪覆盖的树木和美丽的蓝色天空。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：本的死使我比以往任何时候都有了更多的户外体验。A. education教育；B. performance表演；C. experience经历；D. research研究。根据后句“I've gone from taking occasional weekend trips to ___13___ going hiking in the country for a few days.（我已经从偶尔的周末旅行变成了经常去乡间远足几天。）”可知作者儿子的死使作者比以往任何时候都有了更多的户外体验。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我已经从偶尔的周末旅行变成了经常去乡间远足几天。A. regularly定期地；B. eventually最后地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. permanently永久地。根据后句“going hiking in the country for a few days（乡间远足几天）”可知作者定期地到乡间远足。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的很后悔。A. surprised惊讶的；B. content满意的；C. curious好奇的；D. regretful后悔的、遗憾的。根据后句“If Ben lived, I would have done these things with him.（如果本还活着，我也会和他一起做这些事。）”可知作者感到很后悔。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天我徒步寻找，而不是躲藏。A. relax放松；B. seek寻求；C. survive幸存；D. help帮助。根据后句“I find Ben, and I also find myself: I'm turning into someone ___16___ and ready to face more challenges in life.（我找到了本，也找到了自己:我正在变成一个更勇敢的人，准备好面对生活中的更多挑战）”可知作者是徒步寻找，而不是躲藏。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：我找到了本，也找到了自己:我正在变成一个更勇敢的人，准备好面对生活中的更多挑战。A. wiser更明智的；B. freer更自由的；C. healthier更健康的；D. braver更勇敢的。根据后句“ready to face more challenges in life.（准备好面对生活中的更多挑战）”可知作者准备好面临更多的挑战，变成一个更勇敢的人。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：被迫分离的悲哀，成了路上的沉默。A. separation分离；B. consumption消耗；C. arrangement安排；D. retirement退休。根据上文“My son, Ben, died at the age of 23.（我的儿子本23岁就去世了）可知作者和儿子分离了。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大自然的平静取代了失去的痛苦。A. reflects反射；B. represents代表；C. resembles相似；D. replaces代替。根据上句“The sorrow of forced ___17___ becomes the silence of the path（被迫分离的悲哀，成了路上的沉默。）”可知大自然的平静取代了失去的痛苦。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：徒步旅行虽然很累，但也很有趣，它让我明白了悲伤和快乐可以共存。A. future未来；B. luck幸运；C. joy快乐；D. sympathy同情。根据上句“Hiking is exhausting but fun（徒步旅行虽然很累，但也很有趣）”可知徒步让我明白了悲伤和快乐可以共存。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上我都能找到慰藉。A. adventure冒险；B. comfort安慰；C. excitement兴奋；D. friendship友谊。根据上文“the peace of nature 　　　　　　 the pain of loss.”可知一路上作者都能找到安慰。故选B。
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 分, 满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Digital devices（设备）have become common in our lives. Today, kids often type with a keyboard instead ____36____writing by hand. But a recent study shows that you can learn____37____（well）, and possibly remember more, by handwriting your notes.
“Some schools have become____38____（complete）digital,” noted Audrey, who____39____ （lead）the study. She measured what’s happening in the brain to better understand learning and behaviors. Her study found that____40____（use）a pen or pencil to write notes involves more of the brain than typing on a keyboard. This is because writing needs more complex movements,____41____ makes more areas of our brain activate.
Think about it: you move your hands____42____same way to type each letter on a keyboard. That’s different from when we write. Our brain needs____43____（consider）the shape of each letter. And we must control our hands to shape different letters with a pen or pencil, all of which uses and connects more areas of the brain.
So learning only by typing could be____44____（harm）. However, the human brain connects with the world in as many_____45_____（way） as possible. That’s why it’s important to learn to write by hand and to type with a keyboard in the meanwhile.
【答案】36. of 37. better
38. completely
39. led 40. using
41. which 42. the
43. to consider
44. harmful
45. ways
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究表明，手写笔记能让你学得更好，也可能记住更多。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：今天，孩子们经常用键盘打字，而不是手写。instead of而不是。故填of。
【37题详解】
考查比较级。句意：但最近的一项研究表明，手写笔记能让你学得更好，也可能记住更多。根据“and possibly remember more,”可知，这里用副词的比较级，修饰动词learn。故填better。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：“一些学校已经完全数字化了，”领导这项研究的奥黛丽指出。修饰形容词digital，用副词形式。故填completely。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：“一些学校已经完全数字化了，”领导这项研究的奥黛丽指出。陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填led。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她的研究发现，使用钢笔或铅笔写笔记比在键盘上打字涉及更多的大脑活动。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填using。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是因为写作需要更复杂的动作，这就会激活更多的大脑区域。句中先行词为movements，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：想想看：你用同样的方式移动你的手来敲键盘上的每一个字母。名词way 为可数名词，前有形容词same修饰，前面通常加定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查短语。句意：我们的大脑需要考虑每个字母的形状。need to do sth.需要做某事。故填to consider。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：所以只靠打字来学习可能是有害的。句中用形容词作表语。故填harmful。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：然而，人类的大脑以尽可能多的方式与世界相连。形容词many后接名词的复数形式，作介词in的宾语。故填ways。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分 40 分）
第一节应用文写作 (满分 15 分)
46. 假如你是李华，不小心弄丢了交换生John借给你的英语小说《The Adventures of Tom Sawyer》。请根据提示，给他写一封英文邮件，表达你的歉意。内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2. 解释原因；
3. 弥补措施。
注意: 1 . 词数80 左右。
2 . 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear John,
I’m really sorry that I’ve lost the English novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer you lent me last month. So I’m dropping you this line to express my sincere apologies.
The book is definitely excellent! So attracted was I by the fantastic plot that I took it everywhere I went until yesterday. When I got off the subway, I found it nowhere to be found. I immediately contacted the subway service department, hoping to recover it, but in vain. Considering this is your favorite book, I’ve bought the whole series for you as compensation.
Once again I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于书信体中的道歉信。要求考生给交换生John写一封英文邮件，对于不小心弄丢了John借给你的英语小说《The Adventures of Tom Sawyer》表达你的歉意。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：voice → express
诚挚的：genuine → sincere
极好的：wonderful → fantastic
考虑：think → consider
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Once again, I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused.
拓展句：Once again, I’m sorry for any inconvenience that I caused.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m really sorry that I’ve lost the English novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer you lent me last month. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和省略that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】When I got off the subway, I found it nowhere to be found. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
笫二节读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下而短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Losing a parent is one of the most painful parts of life. No matter how old we are when they leave us, it can be a heartbroken experience. Our memories are all that is left of them and happy reminders of their love turn into our most valuable treasures. That's how Mara Soriano feels about the teddy bear that she tragically lost in her recent move to a new apartment.
Diagnosed with cancer, Mara Soriano's mother, Marilyn, gave her daughter the bear as a gift in 2017. After her mother's death last June, the gift became even more special. "That bear was basically the last reminder of my mom. It was her voice that accompanied me," she said in an interview.
The plush (长毛制的) toy didn't cost a lot, but it contained a recording of her mother's voice telling her that she loved her and was proud of her. The bear, called Mama Bear, was in the backpack that contained electronics like an iPad and a Nintendo Switch. When the bag was stolen last week during the move, the 28 -year-old was heartbroken-- not for the gadgets(小装置), but for Mama Bear.
Mara posted a photo of her and her Mama Bear on Instagram, explaining the importance of the bear. Millions of users were touched by the story. More and more people were talking about the bear, but there was no good news for Mara. So again and again she posted online about the item and the story behind it, hoping it could catch more viewers' attention in a big way.
Actor Ryan Reynolds was moved by Mara's story and then posted an appeal(请求)for Mama Bear's safe return. "I think we all need this bear to come home," he wrote. Along with the message, he also offered a reward for the people who found the bear.
注意：
1. 所续短文词数应为150词左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段开头已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1: Luckily, the Internet did its thing.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: The email was from the woman who sent the bear back.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Luckily, the Internet did its thing. It’s a bit of a modern-day wonder that would never have happened without social media. Mara’s story was quickly and continuously spread via the Internet. Several days later, with anxiety and worry, Mara finally got positive feedback. Mara said she got an email from someone. The sender told her the bear was on the way back. On Tuesday night, Mara’s bear came home.
The email was from the woman who sent the bear back. She told Mara that she was deeply touched by Mara’s story. She didn’t want the reward, just hoping that Mara could live a happy life in the future. Mara is getting married next summer and the bear is going to have a special seat at the ceremony--the one her mother would sit in. For now, she’s keeping Mama Bear close and sending thanks to those who helped with the happy reunion.
【解析】
【分析】本文以事件为线索，讲述了Mara在搬家途中弄丢了母亲留给自己的玩具熊，这只熊对她来说意义非凡，因此她在网上求助找熊。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“幸运的是，互联网发挥了作用。”可知，第一段可描写Mara通过网络找回了Mama Bear。
②由第二段首句内容“这封邮件是将熊邮寄回来的女人发来的。”可知，第二段可描写女人的信件内容及Mama收到玩具熊后的做法。
2.续写线索：收到玩具熊的线索——送熊女士表达祝愿——Mara的婚礼计划——Mara表示感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.回到家：came home/returned home
②.收到邮件：got an email/received an email
③.需要：want/need
情绪类
①.感动：be touched/be moved
②.感谢：thanks/appreciation
【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s a bit of a modern-day wonder that would never have happened without social media. （运用了that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]She told Mara that she was deeply touched by Mara’s story.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）