湖南省郴州市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖南省郴州市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
郴州市2021年下学期教学质量监测试卷
高二英语
注意事项：
1.试卷分听力、阅读、语言运用、写作四个部分，共12页。时量120分钟，满分150分。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的指定位置上，并认真核对答题卡上的姓名、准考证号和科目。
3.考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须作答在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。
4.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why is the woman nervous?
A. She didn’t study for her test.
B. She didn’t get a good grade.
C. She doesn’t know her grade.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Fix something. B. Open something. C. Wash something
3. Who will take care of the dog?
A. Peter. B. Dave. C. Matt.
4. What do the speakers have to do every Monday?
A. Clean the lab. B. Interview students. C. Work on their paperwork.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Jason’s future. B. Their opinions of Jason. C. The education Jason received.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How much should the woman pay?
A. $ 115. B. $ 120. C. $ 150.
7. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What type of job does the man want?
A. A job in a school. B. A job in a bank. C. A job in a store.
9. What advice does the woman give the man?
A. To give longer answers.
B. To never say your weaknesses.
C. To pay attention to his appearance.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister.
B. Teacher and student
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does a green building refer to?
A. A building with a green color.
B. A building using fewer materials.
C. An environmentally-friendly building.
12. How can a green building be built according to the man?
A. By making full use of solar energy.
B. By allowing people to reuse waste.
C. By designing special walls
13. Why aren’t there many green buildings these days?
A. They use water energy.
B. They cost more money.
C. They need much electricity
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the woman probably work?
A. At an ad company. B. At a television studio. C. At a computer company.
15. What is different about the woman’s new position?
A. She will travel more now.
B. She will manage her own team.
C. She will make more money now.
16. What does the man think about the woman?
A. She is very rich. B. She is a good leader. C. She is a hard worker.
17. When will the woman start her new position?
A. This week. B. Next week. C. Next month.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.Where were some of the earliest pots found?
A. In a cave. B. On a farm. C. In a river.
19.What do Majiayao mostly look like？
A. Thick and dark. B. Orange and black. C. Small and colorful.
20. When were the first examples of white and blue china first made?
A. About twenty thousand years ago.
B. About five thousand years ago.
C. About two thousand years ago.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Toys and Games for Kids
Ms. Monopoly
Hasbro launched a new version of this game in an attempt to solve the gender pay gap. Female players start the game with $1,900 in Monopoly Money and males with $1,500. The gap continues every time a player passes with women collecting $240 and men $200. It remains possible that a boy wins the game.
On sale for $ 19.99 and available at major retailers (零售商).
Barbie dolls that use a wheelchair
This summer, Barbie expanded is fashion line to showcase dolls in a wheelchair with a removable prosthetic leg (假肢), “We can start the conversation around physical disabilities by including them into our fashion doll line.” the creator Mattel said.
On sale for only $ 19.99 and available on Amazon.
The dolls inspired by children with disabilities
Lottie Doll, an Irish company, offers a host of dolls that highlight diversity, including the Mia doll, a wildlife photographer that wears a hearing aid, and the Sinead doll, the world’s first doll with dwarfism (侏儒症).
The Mia doll is $ 25 The Sinead doll is $20. All can be found on Amazon.
Plastic Army Women
A 6-year-old girl wanted to play with female plastic soldiers. She got her wish, when a Pennsylvanian company BMC Toys promised to make Plastic Amy Women. When completed, a pack of 24 figurines (小塑像) will include six different poses and should be available on the company’ website and on Amazon. The price of this set of dolls is preset at $12.29.
1. What did Hasbro update the game Ms. Monopoly for?
A. To attract more female players.
B. To raise the game’s difficult level.
C. To solve the gender pay gap.
D. To make women win the game more.
2. What do Barbie dolls and the Sinead doll have in common?
A. They were both inspired by a special kid.
B. They both include a special group of people in the design.
C. They were both made by the same company.
D. They both enjoyed popularity on the market.
3. What’s special about Plastic Army Women according to the text?
A. They have an exact price. B. They are fit for elder children.
C. They were made by a young girl. D. They haven’t come into the market.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了适合孩子们的一些玩具和游戏的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Ms. Monopoly中关键句“Hasbro launched a new version of this game in an attempt to solve the gender pay gap.”（Hasbro推出了这款游戏的新版本，试图解决性别收入差距）可知，Hasbro更新了Ms. Monopoly这款游戏是为了解决性别收入差距。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Barbie dolls that use a wheelchair中关键句““We can start the conversation around physical disabilities by including them into our fashion doll line,” the creator Mattel said.”（设计师美泰说:“我们可以通过将身体残疾纳入我们的时尚玩偶系列，来开启有关与身体残疾的对话。”）及The dolls inspired by children with disabilities中关键信息“and the Sinead doll, the world ’s first doll with dwarfism”（西尼德娃娃，世界上第一个侏儒娃娃）可知，Barbie dolls和the Sinead doll都包含了“残疾人”这个特殊的设计群体。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Plastic Army Women中关键句“When completed, a pack of 24 figurines will include six different poses and should be available on the company’ website and on Amazon. The price of this set of dolls is preset at $12.29.”（完成后，一组24件的雕像将包括6种不同的姿势，应该可以在该公司的网站和亚马逊上买到。这套玩偶的预设价格为$12.29）可知，Plastic Army Women还没有进入市场。故选D项。
B
The city of Richmond announced that Roscoe Burnems would become the city’s first poet laureate (桂冠诗人), a poet recognized for achievements in poetry.
During his two-year term as a poet laureate Burnems is responsible for being a poetry advocate by providing access to poetry throughout the city and offering opportunities to use the power of words to heal wounds, open hearts and minds, and bring people closer together. He has the freedom to create and develop his own projects during his term and will receive a $4,000 annual bonus.
Burnems’ love of poetry began at a an early age when he was struggling against depression. His English teacher recommended him to read poetry, which later brought him a peaceful mental state and helped him recover from depression. He soon decided that poetry was something he would run after for his lifetime. “People gravitate to poetry because they can find themselves in the poems,” he says. “It allows readers to feel the emotional part of our experiences.”
He says poetry is a great platform to discuss mental health- depression and the emotional stresses that come with daily life. Relieving those stresses is central to some of the work he does with young people. Last year Burnems started a youth poetry producing competition for local high school students.
Burnems says he loves and supports different types of art, and his next move is to explore poetry through cooperation across media. Richmond’s paintings on the wall are a good example. He says,“Richmond is getting known for these beautiful paintings on display across the city, and I want to add a literary component to that.”
4. What is Burnems’ responsibility as a poet laureate?
A. Spreading the power of poetry. B. Bringing poetry lovers together.
C. Creating more good poems. D. Developing his own projects.
5. Why did Burnems have great affection for poetry?
A. Poetry made him more confident.
B. Poetry helped him go through a tough time.
C. He was influenced by his English teacher.
D. He viewed writing poems as a lifelong career.
6. What does the underlined phrase “gravitate to” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Be familiar with. B. Take pride in.
C. Be attracted by. D. Break away from.
7. What is Burnems’s plan in the near future?
A. To shift his focus to paintings. B. To combine poetry with other arts.
C. To hold more poetry competitions. D. To help youth with mental problems.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了里士满市首位桂冠诗人Roscoe Burnems的个人信息和事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“During his two-year term as a poet laureate, Burnems is responsible for being a poetry advocate by providing access to poetry throughout the city and offering opportunities to use the power of words to heal wounds, open hearts and minds, and bring people closer together.（在他两年的桂冠诗人任期内，伯纳姆斯的职责是倡导诗歌，为整个城市提供接触诗歌的途径，并为人们提供机会，利用语言的力量治愈伤口，开放心灵和思想，拉近人与人之间的距离）”可知，伯纳姆斯作为桂冠诗人的责任是传播诗歌的力量。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“Burnems’ love of poetry began at a an early age when he was struggling against depression. His English teacher recommended him to read poetry, which later brought him a peaceful mental state and helped him recover from depression. He soon decided that poetry was something he would run after for his lifetime.（伯纳姆斯在很小的时候就开始了对诗歌的热爱，当时他正与抑郁症作斗争。他的英语老师推荐他读诗歌，这给他带来了平静的精神状态，帮助他从抑郁中恢复过来。他很快就认定诗歌是他一生都要追求的东西）”可知，诗歌帮助Burnems度过了一段艰难的时期，因此，他非常喜爱诗歌。故选B项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段关键句“because they can find themselves in the poems（因为他们可以在诗歌中找到自己）”及“It allows readers to feel the emotional part of our experiences.（它能让读者感受到我们经历中的情感部分）”可知，此处Burnems解释了人们热爱诗歌、被诗歌吸引的原因，gravitate to与be attracted by近义。故选C项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Burnems says he loves and supports different types of art, and his next move is to explore poetry through cooperation across media.（伯纳姆斯说，他喜欢并支持不同类型的艺术，他的下一步是通过跨媒体合作来探索诗歌）”及“Richmond is getting known for these beautiful paintings on display across the city, and I want to add a literary component to that.（Richmond因为在城市中展出的美丽画作而闻名，我想为其添加一些文学元素）”可知，下一步Burnems打算通过跨媒体把诗歌与其它艺术结合起来。故选B项。

C
As a new age of genetic research draws near, soon, we may be able to choose the hair color build the IQ of our kids. Should we change embryos (胚胎) to improve intelligence or physical characteristics?
A beauty editor believes it will be difficult to stop the demand for “designer babies” once the technology is in place. “Once genetic scientists can change embryos to produce more beautiful children, there will be consumer demand,” she says. She acknowledges that fashion magazines may be partly responsible for fueling this discontent with a certain kind of appearance, but claims one cannot blame the media alone if people believe a bit of plastic surgery will change their lives. “Like it or not,” she argues, “we know that the pretty rots the part.”
Well-known plastic surgeons agree with this view. “People are looking for respect and self-confidence in a dog-eat-dog world that measures us by our appearance,” one specialist claims. “I understand their anxiety and offer a solution—cosmetic enhancement (整容美化). The next logical step is genetic enhancement, which would give the unborn child with similar physical advantages.”
Some philosophers also approve of genetic intervention (介入). As one of them put it, “What parent doesn’t wish for a beautiful, healthy baby? Why is it morally unacceptable to use technology to realize that dream? Moreover, a child designed to have high intelligence or sporting ability would hardly have reasons for complaint.”
However, many people are deeply disturbed by the idea of embryo enhancement. Some fear it will lead to a reduction in genetic differences, resulting in a lack of tolerance for diversity and disability. “And who is to say that this future generation of Barbies will be content?” asks the beauty editor. In her experience, people who pursue physical perfection through plastic surgery aren’t necessarily satisfied. They may suffer unwanted side effects-insecurity and increasing dissatisfaction with their self-image. What if the gene edited kid, or their parents, were to feel similarly dissatisfied?
8. What does the underlined phrase “this view” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. People are often judged by their looks.
B Cosmetic surgery reduces people’s lives.
C. The media make people worry about their looks.
D. People prefer genetic enhancement to plastic surgery.
9. What is the attitude of the philosopher towards genetic enhancement?
A. Worried B. Disapproving. C. Agreeable. D. Cautious.
10. As for genetic enhancement, what is the beauty editor concerned about in the last paragraph?
A. Those who receive it may not like the results.
B. It will make future generations look like Barbies.
C. The money it requires should be spent on general medical care.
D. It will raise the standards of physical beauty to unattainable levels.
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The advantages of genetic enhancement.
B. The development of genetic enhancement.
C. The promising future of genetic enhancement.
D. People’s different opinions on genetic enhancement.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了不同人对于基因整容的不同看法。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段关键句“She acknowledges that fashion magazines may be partly responsible for fueling this discontent with a certain kind of appearance, but claims one cannot blame the media alone if people believe a bit of plastic surgery will change their lives.”（她承认，时尚杂志可能在一定程度上助长了人们对某种外表的不满，但她说，如果人们相信一点点整形手术就会改变他们的生活，我们不能只责怪媒体。）及下一段关键句““People are looking for respect and self-confidence in a dog-eat-dog world that measures us by our appearance,” one specialist claims.”（一位专家称：“在这个弱肉强食的世界里，人们以外表来衡量自己，寻求尊重和自信。”）可知，著名的整容医生同意的观点是人们以容貌来衡量自己，即，“以貌取人”这一观点。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“As one of them put it, “What parent doesn’t wish for a beautiful, healthy baby? Why is it morally unacceptable to use technology to realize that dream? Moreover, a child designed to have high intelligence or sporting ability would hardly have reasons for complaint.””（就像其中一位说的：“什么样的父母不想要一个漂亮、健康的孩子呢？为什么用技术来实现这个梦想在道德上是不可接受的？此外，一个被设计成具有高智商或运动能力的孩子几乎没有理由抱怨。”）可知，这位哲学家对基因增强表示赞同。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句““And who is to say that this future generation of Barbies will be content?” asks the beauty editor. In her experience, people who pursue physical perfection through plastic surgery aren’t necessarily satisfied. They may suffer unwanted side effects-insecurity and increasing dissatisfaction with their self-image.”（“谁能说下一代的芭比娃娃会满意呢？”美容编辑问道。根据她的经验，那些通过整形手术追求完美身材的人不一定会得到满足。他们可能会遭受不想要的副作用——不安全感和对自我形象日益增加的不满。）可知，美容编辑担心那些进行基因增强的人可能不会满意对应的结果。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段关键句“Should we change embryos to improve intelligence or physical characteristics?”（我们应该改变胚胎来提高智力或生理特征吗？）及文章二、三、四、五各段首句内容可知，本文主要介绍了人们对基因增强的不同看法。故选D项。
D
Two days after eight e-sports (电子竞技) games were officially announced to be included in the 19th Asian Games, China’ s Edward Gaming (EDG) team earned its first League of Legends Word Championship title with a 3-2 win over South Korea in a tough battle on November 7th immediately drawing cheers from people around the country. The topic “EDG wins” had been viewed more than 2.63 billion times on Sina Weibo, ranking the top trending topic for a long time.
With the popularity of digital technology, new forms of cultural exchanges have been appearing, of which e-sports are the most popular. Unlike texts and videos, e-sports go beyond the barriers of language and are understandable around the world. E-sports mostly appeal to those in their early 20s, as shown by the carnival of college students. That in turn makes them a good bridge of communication between young Chinese people and their counterparts(对应的人) around the world.
More importantly, the e-sports industry is sustainable in spreading Chinese culture, as the large audiences mean huge commercial potential. In 2020 alone, the sales of the domestic e-sports industry reached 278.69 billion yuan, and involved 280,000 companies which in turn created over 10 million jobs. According to a media report, nearly 95 percent of graduates from e-sports majors at the Communication University of China in Nanjing, succeeded in finding a job after graduation this year, with 62 percent of them devoted to the e-sports industry, including video game clubs, game design companies and game competition operation companies.
The inclusion of e-sports in major sporting events has been a much-discussed topic in recent years. With more Chinese gaming clubs and teams emerging(出现), the industry is expected to further prosper and continue spreading Chinese culture to the world.
12. What did people on Chinese social media cheer for?
A. Eight e -sports would be included in Asian Games.
B. China’s e-sports industry was recognized by the world.
C. EDG won the League of Legends World Championship.
D. The 19th Asian Games were announced to be held in China.
13. What do we know about e-sports from paragraph 2?
A. They appeal to people of all ages.
B. They become a symbol of Chinese culture.
C. They result in the development of digital technology.
D. They strengthen the bond between young people around the world.
14. What do the numbers in paragraph 3 mainly indicate?
A. The high demands on e-sports players.
B. The difficulties of developing e sports.
C. The importance of game design companies.
D. The contributions of e-sports industry to the economy.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title?
A. EDG is Popular. B. E-sports in China.
C. E-sports Players are Popular. D. Digital technology.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的电子竞技，电子竞技加强世界各地年轻人之间的联系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Two days after eight e-sports (电子竞技) games were officially announced to be included in the 19th Asian Games, China’ s Edward Gaming (EDG) team earned its first League of Legends Word Championship title with a 3-2 win over South Korea in a tough battle on November 7th immediately drawing cheers from people around the country. （八场电子竞技两天后(电子竞技) 奥运会被正式宣布列入第19届亚运会，中国的EDG队在11月7日的一场硬仗中以3-2战胜韩国，赢得了第一个英雄联盟冠军，立刻赢得了全国人民的欢呼）”可知，人们在中国社交媒体上为之欢呼就是因为EDG赢得了英雄联盟世界冠军。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“ That in turn makes them a good bridge of communication between young Chinese people and their counterparts(对应的人) around the world.（这反过来又使他们成为中国年轻人与世界各地同行之间的良好沟通桥梁）”可知，电子竞技加强世界各地年轻人之间的联系。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“More importantly, the e-sports industry is sustainable in spreading Chinese culture, as the large audiences mean huge commercial potential.（更重要的是，电子竞技产业在传播中国文化方面是可持续的，因为庞大的受众意味着巨大的商业潜力）”可知电子竞技产业会产生巨大的商业潜力。还有第三句“ In 2020 alone, the sales of the domestic e-sports industry reached 278.69 billion yuan, and involved 280,000 companies which in turn created over 10 million jobs. （仅在2020年，国内电子竞技产业的销售额就达到2786.9亿元，涉及28万家公司，从而创造了1000多万个就业机会）”这些都表明了电子竞技产业对经济的贡献。故选D。
【15题详解】
标题判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段内容“The inclusion of e-sports in major sporting events has been a much-discussed topic in recent years. With more Chinese gaming clubs and teams emerging(出现), the industry is expected to further prosper and continue spreading Chinese culture to the world.（近年来，将电子竞技纳入重大体育赛事一直是一个备受讨论的话题。随着越来越多的中国游戏俱乐部和团队的出现, 该行业有望进一步繁荣，并继续向世界传播中国文化）”可知，这篇文章的主旨是中国的电子竞技。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art often has a hidden meaning when it comes to the colors used in the paintings, which can be a powerful tool.
Use colors to create amazing effect
____16____. In an abstract (抽象的) art setting, using different colors creates a bright atmosphere and mild sense of joy or peace.
Use color combinations to express mood and emotion
Yellow is a cool color that symbolizes happiness. ____17____. Bright yellow used with black conveys determination, confidence and power.
____18____
If you are a food chain, use red and yellow to stress the feeling of hunger and increase the appetite of customers. You can use green to create a feeling of freshness and cleanliness. If you are selling floor tiles (地砖), use blue and green in your advertisements to impress upon potential buyers the calm, relaxing atmosphere your product will create in their homes.
Use colors and color combinations to make a point
If you are an artist trying to get across an idea into the world, using colors and combinations is a good choice. For example, an activist (活动家) working on water conservation projects could use brown, yellow, blue, and orange to create a beautiful summer setting. ____19____.
____20____. As long as you create a harmony of colors and a deeper expression in the essence of your artwork without making an unpleasant visual impact, then the sky is the limit.
A. Use the right colors to attract business
B. Use colors to help you find what you long for
C. There is really no limit as to what colors to use in which setting
D. Slightly lighter shades of yellow with red set a festive background
E. In a common artwork, placement (放置) of colors at proper locations can make impressive impact
F. It implies there is water shortage in various countries and areas of the world
G. That also conveys the importance of preserving water resources for the future generations
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍如何使用颜色，使得它成为一种强有力的工具。
【16题详解】
根据标题Use colors to create amazing effect可知，本段表示颜色可以创造惊人的效果。E选项“In a common artwork, placement of colors at proper locations can make impressive impact（在一个普通的艺术品中，在适当的位置放置颜色可以产生令人印象深刻的影响 ）”中impressive impact与amazing effect对应，本句与后一句“In an abstract art setting, using different colors creates a bright atmosphere and mild sense of joy or peace.（在一个抽象的艺术环境中，使用不同的颜色能创造一种明亮的气氛和温和的喜悦或平静的感觉）”描述语境一致。故选E项。
【17题详解】
空前“Yellow is a cool color that symbolizes happiness.（黄色是象征幸福的冷色）”举例黄色表达的情感含义，空后“Bright yellow used with black conveys determination, confidence and power.（亮黄色与黑色搭配，传达出决心、自信和力量）”描述亮黄色与黑色结合产生的新的象征；D选项“Slightly lighter shades of yellow with red set a festive background（略浅色调的黄色与红色设置出节日的背景）”中Slightly lighter shades of yellow与后一句的Bright yellow相对应，同样举例黄色与其它颜色搭配下产生的新的象征。故选D项。
【18题详解】
空处为本段标题。根据下文“If you are a food chain, use red and yellow to stress the feeling of hunger and increase the appetite of customers.You can use green to create a feeling of freshness and cleanliness. If you are selling floor tiles, use blue and green in your advertisements to impress upon potential buyers the calm, relaxing atmosphere your product will create in their homes.（如果你是连锁食品商，使用红色和黄色来强调饥饿感，增加顾客的食欲。你可以用绿色来创造一种清新和清洁的感觉。如果你是卖地砖的，在你的广告中使用蓝色和绿色，给潜在的买家留下印象，你的产品将在他们家里创造出平静、放松的气氛）”可知，本段描述使用颜色进行广告营销；A选项“Use the right colors to attract business（使用正确的颜色来吸引业务）”符合本段主旨大意。故选A项。
【19题详解】
空前“For example, an activist working on water conservation projects could use brown, yellow, blue, and orange to create a beautiful summer setting.（例如，一个从事水保护项目的活动家可以使用棕色、黄色、蓝色和橙色来创造一个美丽的夏季环境）”；G选项“That also conveys the importance of preserving water resources for the future generations（这也传达了为后代保存水资源的重要性）”中That指代前一句内容，且preserving water resources与上一句中water conservation projects呼应。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据空后“As long as you create a harmony of colors and a deeper expression in the essence of your artwork without making an unpleasant visual impact, then the sky is the limit.（只要你创造出一种和谐的色彩，并在你的艺术作品的本质上有更深层次的表达，而不造成不愉快的视觉冲击，那么天空就是极限）”可知，C选项“There is really no limit as to what colors to use in which setting（在什么场景中使用什么颜色是没有限制的）”中no limit与下一句的sky is the limit对应一致，描述使用颜色的限制。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In July, a two-minute-long video began spreading on the Internet. The video featured a ____21____ ballet student dancing in the rain. As the rain falls, forming small ____22____ between the unsmooth ground on which he dances, Anthony, 11, ____23____ round and round.
The ____24____ has been seen more than 20 million times on social media platforms, which has turned a ____25____ on the unlikely story of a ballet school in a poor suburb of Lagos, Nigeria: The Leap of Dance Academy. Founded by Daniel in 2017, the academy has ____26____ the lives of its students, affording them a place to ____27____ and to dream.
For now, the Leap of Dance Academy is housed at the home of its ____28____, Daniel. Every day after school, 12 local students make their way to his apartment. He ____29____ his furniture for more space and _____30_____ a thin sheet over the cement (水泥) floor for class. What is the most _____31_____ is that the mirror was glued by dozens of broken mirrors.
“We have _____32_____ from so many people. We appreciate their letters, in which they say they are _____33_____ by the students and by dance,” Daniel said. “They felt our _____34_____ and came alive. They _____35_____ us that art is here to stay.”
Some netizens remarked: “This is a realistic portrayal from a poor boy to ballet prince. Anyone with a dream is great.”
21. A. young B. professional C. disabled D. rich
22. A. fountains B. pools C. drops D. rivers
23. A. walks B. looks C. turns D. swims
24. A. image B. book C. photo D. video
25. A. atmosphere B. conclusion C. existence D. focus
26. A. transformed B. considered C. tackled D. reduced
27. A. witness B. shelter C. dance D. debate
28. A. volunteer B. founder C. sponsor D. supporter
29. A. takes apart B. pulls down C. lays out D. pushes aside
30. A. spreads B. decorates C. creates D. purchases
31. A. essential B. special C. evident D. strange
32. A. learnt B. differed C. heard D. delivered
33. A. amused B. saddened C. inspired D. frightened
34. A. dignity B. misfortune C. sorrow D. joy
35. A. reminded B. promised C. warned D. explained
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。一名年轻的芭蕾舞学生在雨中跳舞的视频在网络上得到了关注。这名学生来自于尼日利亚贫困郊区的一所舞蹈学院——飞跃舞蹈学院。尽管条件简陋，学院的创始人Daniel尽一切可能帮助学生们学习舞蹈，放飞梦想。他的举措得到了很多人的支持。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：视频中，一名年轻的芭蕾舞学生在雨中跳舞。A. young年轻的；B. professional专业的；C. disabled残疾的；D. rich富有的。根据“Anthony, 11”可知，11岁的Anthony是一名年轻的芭蕾舞学生。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：雨不停地下，11岁的安东尼在不平坦的地面上跳舞，雨水在地面上形成了一个个小水塘，他不停在地上转圈。A. fountains泉水；B. pools池塘；C. drops水滴；D. rivers河流。根据“As the rain falls”可知，雨水在地面上形成了小池塘（水塘）。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨不停地下，11岁的安东尼在不平坦的地面上跳舞，雨水在地面上形成了一个个小水塘，他不停在地上转圈。A. walks步行；B. looks看；C. turns转；D. swims游泳。根据“round and round”可知，舞者不停转圈。turn around（转圈）符合题意。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段视频在社交媒体平台上的点击量已超过2000万次，它将人们的注意力转向了尼日利亚拉各斯贫困郊区一所不太可能发生此景的芭蕾舞学校：飞跃舞蹈学院。A. image图像；B. book书本；C. photo照片；D. video 视频。根据文章第一句中“a two-minute-long video”可知，这是一段跳舞的视频。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段视频在社交媒体平台上的点击量已超过2000万次，它将人们的注意力转向了尼日利亚拉各斯贫困郊区一所不太可能发生此景的芭蕾舞学校：飞跃舞蹈学院。A. atmosphere气氛；B. conclusion结论；C. existence存在；D. focus关注。根据“The ____4____ has been seen more than 20 million times on social media platforms”可知，这段跳舞视频得到了网络关注。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该学院于2017年由丹尼尔创立，它改变了学生们的生活，为他们提供了一个跳舞和梦想的地方。A. transformed改变；B. considered考虑；C. tackled处理；D. reduced减少。根据“affording them a place to ____7____ and to dream.”及上文“in a poor suburb of Lagos, Nigeria”可知，舞蹈学院改变了学生们的生活，为他们提供了梦想。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该学院于2017年由丹尼尔创立，它改变了学生们的生活，为他们提供了一个跳舞和梦想的地方。A. witness目击；B. shelter掩蔽；C. dance跳舞；D. debate辩论。根据“The Leap of Dance Academy”可知，舞蹈学院为学生们提供了跳舞和梦想的地方。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前，飞跃舞蹈学院位于其创始人丹尼尔的家中。A. volunteer志愿者；B. founder创始人；C. sponsor赞助商；D. supporter支持者。根据“For now, the Leap of Dance Academy is housed at the home of its ____8____, Daniel.”可知，Daniel是这所舞蹈学院的创始人。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他把家具推到一边以腾出更多的空间，并在水泥地上铺上一张薄薄的纸用来上课。A. takes apart参与；B. pulls down推翻；C. lays out展示；D. pushes aside推开。根据“for more space”可知，Daniel推开家具给学生们跳舞腾出地方。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把家具推到一边以腾出更多的空间，并在水泥地上铺上一张薄薄的纸用来上课。A. spreads展开；B. decorates装饰；C. creates创造；D. purchases购买。根据“a thin sheet over the cement floor for class”可知，Daniel还在地上展开一条薄床单给学生们练习舞蹈。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最特别是，这面镜子是由几十面破镜子粘起来的。A. essential必要的；B. special特殊的；C. evident清楚的；D. strange奇怪的。根据“that the mirror was glued by dozens of broken mirrors”可知，舞蹈室里的镜子是由几十面破镜子粘起来的，这是最特别的。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丹尼尔说：“我们收到了很多人的来信。我们感谢他们的来信。他们在信中说，他们受到了学生和舞蹈的激励。”A. learnt学习；B. differed不同于；C. heard听说；D. delivered传递。根据“We appreciate their letters”可知，Daniel和学生们收到了很多来信。hear from（收到……的来信）固定短语。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丹尼尔说：“我们收到了很多人的来信。我们感谢他们的来信。他们在信中说，他们受到了学生和舞蹈的激励。”A. amused使娱乐；B. saddened使伤心；C. inspired激励；D. frightened使害怕。根据“We appreciate their letters”可知，寄信人被学生们跳舞的故事激励了。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们感受到了我们的喜悦，活了过来。”A. dignity尊严；B. misfortune不幸；C. sorrow悲伤；D. joy欢乐。根据“came alive”可知，寄信人感受到了学生们跳舞的喜悦与快乐，内心被梦想唤醒了。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提醒我们，艺术是永恒的。A. reminded提醒；B. promised承诺；C. warned警告；D. explained解释。本句中的They指代寄信的人，他们的来信提醒Daniel及学生们艺术是永恒的。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As computing power increases and algorithms (运算法则) become ____36____ (complicated) and even cleverer, AI develops at a very rapid pace. You can better enjoy your life by pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. Some essential abilities ____37____ (learn) from experience, adjust to new inputs and perform tasks like humans are what AI is expected to gain. The term AI ____38____ (coin) in the mid-1950s. That Deep Blue beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997 was ____39____ breakthrough in AI.
Nowadays, AI is being applied in many ____40____ (field), such as finance, health care and so on. In short, this technology is transforming the way we live. With machines like AlphaGo now capable ____41____ thinking and learning from their mistakes, we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.
In the future, it could ____42____ (significant) reduce the burden of long-lasting disease, ____43____ (allow) people to live healthier lives for longer lifespan. There is no doubt that these benefits are accompanied by concerns and fears. An increasing number of concerns about AI arise, ____44____ demand our attention. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us. But the key is that we should not be too _____45_____ (greed).
【答案】36. more complicated
37. to learn
38. was coined
39. a 40. fields
41. of 42. significantly
43. allowing
44. which 45. greedy
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了人工智能的发展优势以及与之伴随的一些令人恐惧和担忧的问题。
【36题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：随着计算能力的提高，算法变得更复杂，甚至更聪明，人工智能以非常快的速度发展。根据句意和后文cleverer可知，此处应用形容词complicated的比较级和后文并列作become的表语。故填more complicated。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能有望获得从经验中学习、适应新输入、像人类一样执行任务等一些基本能力。ability to do sth“做某事的能力”是固定用法，用动词不定式作后置定语，且learn和adjust及perform并列。故填to learn。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：人工智能一词是在20世纪50年代中期发明的。谓语动词coin(创造新词，首次使用)和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in the mid-1950s，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The term AI为第三人称单数，故填was coined。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1997年，Deep Blue击败了世界象棋冠军Garry Kasparov，这是人工智能的一个突破。后文可数名词单数breakthrough是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，因其发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：如今，人工智能正被应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健等。根据前文many可知，此处应用可数名词复数形式作介词宾语。故填fields。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着像AlphaGo这样的机器能够思考并从错误中学习，我们正越来越接近人类和机器之间的分界线。capable of doing sth“能够做某事”是固定搭配。故填of。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：在未来，它可以显著减少长期疾病的负担，让人们活得更健康，寿命更长。修饰动词reduce应用副词。故填significantly。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在未来，它可以显著减少长期疾病的负担，让人们活得更健康，寿命更长。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词allow和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故填allowing。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：关于人工智能的担忧越来越多，这需要我们的关注。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句，关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但关键是我们不应该太贪婪。根据前文系动词be可知，此处应用形容词作表语。故填greedy。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，寒假即将来临，你的好朋友Julie打算到你所在城市上海游玩，请你给她写一份邮件，为她制定为期两天的旅行计划。内容包括：
1.旅行的主要行程（至少包括两处景点介绍）；
2.旅行的准备工作；
3.你的祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右
2.参考词汇：Disneyland迪士尼乐园；Oriental Pearl Tower东方明珠；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Julie,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Julie,
Glad to hear your plan to pay a two-day visit to Shanghai during your winter vacation. Here are my suggestions.
On the first day, you might as well visit the Disneyland. It is a fairy world with many famous characters, with whom I bet you will fall in love once you set foot in it. On the second day, you may visit the Oriental Pearl Tower to have an impressive view of Shanghai’s modern skyline. It’s better to book the tickets online in advance.
I hope you will enjoy your trip to Shanghai.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Julie写信，为对方的为期两天的上海之行提供建议，包括两个景点的介绍和前期的准备工作。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开心的：glad→delighted/happy
我敢肯定：I bet→I am sure
预先：in advance→beforehand
喜欢：love→fall in love with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On the second day, you may visit the Oriental Pearl Tower to have an impressive view of Shanghai’s modern skyline.
拓展句：On the second day, you may visit the Oriental Pearl Tower, where you will have an impressive view of Shanghai’s modern skyline.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is a fairy world with many famous characters, with whom I bet you will fall in love once you set foot in it.（运用了whom引导的非限制性定语从，once引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】On the second day, you may visit the Oriental Pearl Tower to have an impressive view of Shanghai’s modern skyline. （运用了动词不定式作目的状语）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a baby, my parents gave me anything I wanted. Then my dad died when I was two and a half, and I got even more stuff as my mom, friends and family gave me more and more to try to make me feel better. But when I was seven, my world changed.
That was when the real estate market(房地产) crashed. My mom had thought that buying houses was a good idea as a way to invest her money to take care of us. After the crash, I went from the kid who got an iPod when his tooth fell out and who had the coolest house to hang out in, to literally, having nowhere to stay.
After the real estate crash, when I would ask for a new toy, or bike, or even to see a movie my mom would say “maybe for your birthday” or “I’m sorry honey, but we can’t really afford that right now.” I didn’t know it then, but my mom had grown up in a family where money was never a problem, so this change was as big for her as it was for me. My constant requests for toys and video games were not helping my mom, who was to deal with her feelings about our new crisis—our financial situation. But I wasn’t used to hearing “no” so for a year or two I kept asking.
Then something happened that would change my way of thinking forever. My mom had been working really hard all year, just to pay for the necessities, like our water and power bill. When she asked me what I wanted for my birthday I said that I wanted a new video gaming system. I didn’t know that it was expensive. All I knew was that my friends had them and that I wanted one too.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On my birthday, I believed that I would get what I wanted when opening the presents.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From then on, I learned the difference between what I wanted and what I needed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】On my birthday, I believed that I would get what I wanted when opening the presents. I found a piggy bank and a birthday card. When mom asked me what I thought, I said I loved them, but she could tell how disappointed I was and she started crying sadly. I hugged her tighter than I had ever hugged anyone before. I realized how hard she was working and that she couldn’t afford to give me anything I wished for as most of the money she made went to cover my daily expenses.
From then on, I learned the difference between what I wanted and what I needed. I didn’t expect to get everything I asked for. I learned to treasure the toys and games I had at hand and to take good care of them. I even got a part-time job to earn my pocket money and sometimes helped with our living costs. The special gift not only changed my way of thinking, but also changed my way of life: growing up to a responsible man.
【解析】
【分析】本文以礼物为线索展开。作者年幼时，家境不错，父母能满足作者所有的物质要求。后来遭遇经济危机，经济困难，作者依然要求母亲给自己买东西。作者想要一台电子游戏系统作为生日礼物，却只得到了一条牛仔裤。作者表示很喜欢这些礼物，母亲却哭了。作者感悟到母亲的不容易，开始珍惜手边的玩具和游戏，并打工贴补家用。这件普通的礼物改变了作者，他知道了长大后要做一个负责任的人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在我的生日那天，我相信当我打开礼物时，我会得到我想要的。”可知，第一段可描写作者拆开礼物时发现不是自己想要的东西时的反应及母亲的反应和作者的思考。
②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，我明白了我想要的和我需要的之间的区别。”可知，第二段可描写作者内心的变化和感悟以及他帮助母亲的行动。
2.续写线索：打开礼物——作者失望——母亲伤心——作者反思——珍惜玩具、游戏——作者行动及感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.辨别：tell/distinguish
②.要求：ask for/request
情绪类
①.失望：disappointed/upset
②.伤心：sadly/in sorrow
【点睛】[高分句型1].I hugged her tighter than I had ever hugged anyone before.（由than引导的比较状语从句）
[高分句型2].I realized how hard she was working and that she couldn’t afford to give me anything I wished for as most of the money she made went to cover my daily expenses. （由how和that引导并列的宾语从句及省略关系词的定语从句，as引导原因状语从句）