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甘肃省兰州市西北师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份甘肃省兰州市西北师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。
西北师大附中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试试题
高三英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、学号填写在答题卡上。
2. 本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后,请将答题卡交回，试题自行保管。
第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, MexIco！
◆ Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise(乘船游览)
Duration: 5 hrs
Kick off the evening with a scenic cruise across Banderas Bay to Las Caletas. Las Caletas once home to a Hollywood movie director John Huston, offers front-row sunset seats, and dinner tables just steps away from the water. The buffet-style menu offers a wide variety of choices. Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco. You must be able to climb and go down stairs.
◆ Sayulita Escape
Duration: 3 hrs
Hop on a powerful UTV(utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a nice beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its relaxing atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, an open bar, and a knowledgeable crew await your return to the ship. Wheelchair accessibility is available.
◆ Las Caletas Beach Hideaway
Duration: 7 hrs
The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones. You can even swim out to an offshore platform to practice your diving skills. Wheelchair accessibility is not available.
◆Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto vallarta
Duration: 6hrs 30mins
Enjoy a feast of local flavors in our food and tacos-tasting tour. Discover Puerto Vallarta's best flavors to the locals'eye. Learn about the local culture and life, while you eat where the locals do with their beloved ones. Wheelchair accessibility is not avaliable.
1. What can tourists do on the tour Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise?
A. Enjoy free dinners.
B. Come across the movie director John Huston.
C. Learn about the history of Jalisco.
D. Watch the scenic sunrise.
2. How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones?
A. It includes a licensed guide.
B. It is more friendly to the disabled.
C. It offers various water event.
D. It has adventurous routes.
3. Which tour suits families with kids?
A. Las Caletas Beach Hideaway.
B. Sayulita Escape.
C. Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise.
D. Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto Vallarta.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了墨西哥一座城市的几个旅游项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分倒数第二句“Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco.”可知，在这段乘船旅程中，人们可以欣赏到有关Jalisco的历史故事，也就是能了解到其历史。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二部分最后一句“Wheelchair accessibility is available.”可知，这一旅程中是可以使用轮椅的，而其他项目中都明确说明了不能使用轮椅（第一部分指出要上下楼梯也不行）。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三部分“The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones.”可知，该项目也给孩子提供相应的游玩地点，比较适合父母带孩子一起参加。故选A项。
B
Children's average daily time spent watching television or using mobile device increased from 53 minutes at age 12 months to more than 150 minutes at 3 years, according to an analysis by researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). By age 8, children were more likely to log the highest amount of screen time if they had been in home-based children or were born to first-time mothers.
“Our results indicate that screen habits begin early, ”said Edwina Yeung, an investigator in National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).“This finding suggests that interventions(干涉) to reduce screen time could have a better chance of success if introduced early.”
In the research, mothers of 4, 000 children responded to questions on their kids' media habits when they were 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months of age.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends avoiding digital media exposure for children under 18 months of age, introducing children 18 to 24 months of age to screen media slowly, and limiting screen time to an hour a day for children from 2 to 5 years of age. In the current study, researchers found that 87% of the children had screen time exceeding (超过) these recommendations. However, while screen time increased throughout toddlerhood, by age 7 and 8, screen time fell to under 1.5 hours per day. The researchers believe this decrease relates to time consumed by school-related activities.
The study authors classified the children into two groups based on how much their average daily screen time increased from age 1 to age 3. The first group, 73% of the total had the lowest increase, from an average of nearly 51 minutes a day to nearly an hour and 47 minutes a day. The second group, 27% of the total, had the highest increase, from nearly 37 minutes of screen time a day to about 4 hours a day. Higher levels of parental education were associated with lower odds of inclusion in the second group.
4 Who use mobile device longest according to the NIH's analysis?
A. 10-year-old born to first-time mothers. B. 3-year-old children in low income families.
C. 8-year-old children in home-based childcare. D. 1-year-old children with parents poorly educated.
5. What does the research suggest according to Edwina?
A. Parents should stop their children using media.
B. Parents should limit the use of digital media themselves.
C. Parents should reduce their children's screen time earlier.
D. Parents should avoid their children using digital media at infancy (婴儿期).
6. Why does children's screen time fall when they age 7 and 8?
A. They are studying at school. B. They can control themselves.
C. They are tired of using them. D. They are forbidden to use them.
7. Which of the following may be the best title?
A. Keep Away from Media B. Screen Habits Begin Early
C. Urgency of Parental Education D. Harm of Home-based Childcare
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了儿童很早就接触屏幕了，每天看电视或使用移动设备的平均时间增加了。美国研究了不同年龄段的平均使用时长并通过实验分析，并提出及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“By age 8, children were more likely to log the highest amount of screen time if they had been in home-based children or were born to first-time mothers.（到8岁时，如果孩子是在家的孩子，或者是第一次做母亲的孩子，那么他们更有可能花最多的时间看屏幕。）”可知，根据NIH的分析，家庭托儿所的8岁儿童使用移动设备的时间最长。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段埃德温娜说的话“This finding suggests that interventions to reduce screen time could have a better chance of success if introduced early.（这一发现表明，如果及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。）”根据埃德温娜的说法，这项研究表明了家长应该尽早减少孩子的屏幕时间。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“However, while screen time increased throughout toddlerhood, by age 7 and 8, screen time fell to under 1.5 hours per day. The researchers believe this decrease relates to time consumed by school-related activities.（然而，在蹒跚学步的过程中，屏幕时间一直在增加，到7岁和8岁时，屏幕时间下降到每天1.5小时以下。研究人员认为，这种减少与学校相关活动所消耗的时间有关。）”可知，孩子在7岁和8岁的时候屏幕时间减少了的原因是他们在学校学习。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段““Our results indicate that screen habits begin early, ”said Edwina Yeung, an investigator in National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).( 美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所的研究员Edwina Yeung说：“我们的研究结果表明，屏幕习惯很早就开始了。”)”及全文可知，文章介绍了儿童很早就接触屏幕了，每天看电视或使用移动设备的平均时间增加了。美国研究了不同年龄段的平均使用时长并通过实验分析，并提出及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。所以“Screen Habits Begin Early(屏幕习惯很早就开始了)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
C
Due to the effects of climate change, new species of birds are coming to the UK.A recent study by the RSPB and Durham University has found that European birds have been migrating further north by an average of 300 miles. While fewer birds, such as the tufted duck, are returning for the winter months, there has been an increase in other species as they seek a new holiday home or a quiet stop-off!
It's thought that in the UK, we will gain many more species than we'll lose through climate change -a 3°C change won't affect the migrations of most birds, so birds such as robins, blackbirds, blue tits and greenfinches will still be regular visitors to our gardens. Climate change has been affecting domestic birds though-the Dartford warbler, a species that was literally down to just a couple of pairs in the UK in the 1960s, has been spreading further north from it’s traditional home in south-east England. Other birds such as green woodpeckers and nuthatches have already been regular visitors to the country, but have now started to spread further north, with some even going as far as northern England.
Scops owls have also been regular visitors, mostly in the south of England. And over the next 50 years or so, these visitors will eventually start to settle in the UK as they continue to· breed(繁殖)and adapt themselves to the conditions.
Other birds are, for the moment, just passing through on their migration, using the UK as a pitstop. The exotic-looking hoopoe - a striking black-and-white-winged bird, the size of a mistle thrush----regularly passes England's south coast and, although it doesn't breed here, up to 100 of them can turn up during the spring.
As climate change continues, there's nothing to suggest that these birds won't continue to breed northwards during the next decade and spotting them will become a regular occurrence throughout the country.
8. What can we infer from paragraph 2?
A. There are fewer birds in the UK due to the climate change.
B. Birds won't be affected by temperature change within 3°
C. It may get warmer than before in the north of the UK.
D. Birds in the UK don't need migrations any more.
9. Which birds are expected to live in the UK in the future?
A. Scops owls. B. Robins. C. Dartford warbler. D. Hoopoe.
10. What dóes the underlined word “pitstop” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Garage. B. Gas station. C. Resting place. D. Nest.
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Birds visit the UK regularly in winter.
B. Climate change is affecting the population and migrations of birds in the UK.
C. Birds start to inhabit the northern parts of the UK.
D. The population of birds in the world is on the increase due to the climate change.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了气候变化对于英国鸟类物种迁徙的影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It's thought that in the UK, we will gain many more species than we'll lose through climate change -a 3°C change won't affect the migrations of most birds, so birds such as robins, blackbirds, blue tits and greenfinches will still be regular visitors to our gardens. Climate change has been affecting domestic birds though-the Dartford warbler, a species that was literally down to just a couple of pairs in the UK in the 1960s, has been spreading further north from it’s traditional home in south-east England. Other birds such as green woodpeckers and nuthatches have already been regular visitors to the country, but have now started to spread further north, with some even going as far as northern England.（据认为，在英国，气候变化将使我们获得比失去更多的物种——3°C的变化不会影响大多数鸟类的迁徙，所以知更鸟、黑鹂、蓝山雀和绿雀等鸟类仍将是我们花园的常客。然而，气候变化已经影响到了家养鸟类——在20世纪60年代，英国的达特福德莺实际上只剩下了几对，现在已经从它的传统家园英格兰东南部向北扩散。其他鸟类，如绿啄木鸟和五子雀，已经是这个国家的常客，但现在已经开始向北扩散，有些甚至远至英格兰北部。）”可知，由于气候变化，将会有更多的鸟迁徙进英国，三度的温度变化对大多数鸟类迁徙没有影响，同时部分鸟类开始前往英国北部，可知，英国北部由于气温升高，所以鸟类会迁徙过去。选项C符合语意。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Scops owls have also been regular visitors, mostly in the south of England. And over the next 50 years or so, these visitors will eventually start to settle in the UK as they continue to· breed(繁殖) and adapt themselves to the conditions.（猫头鹰也是常客，主要生活在英格兰南部。在接下来的50年左右,这些游客最终将开始定居在英国继续繁殖并适应当地条件。）”可知，未来猫头鹰将会生活在英国。选项A符合语意，故选A。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Other birds are, for the moment, just passing through on their migration, using the UK as a pitstop.（目前，其他鸟类只是在迁徙过程中经过这里，把英国作为______。）”可知，这些鸟类只是路过英国，不会停留在英国。所以英国只是它们临时休息的地方。选项C符合语意。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Due to the effects of climate change, new species of birds are coming to the UK.A recent study by the RSPB and Durham University has found that European birds have been migrating further north by an average of 300 miles. While fewer birds, such as the tufted duck, are returning for the winter months, there has been an increase in other species as they seek a new holiday home or a quiet stop-off!（由于气候变化的影响，新的鸟类物种正在来到英国。皇家鸟类保护协会和杜伦大学最近的一项研究发现，欧洲鸟类平均向北迁徙了300英里。虽然越来越少的鸟类，如簇毛鸭，回来过冬，但其他物种却在增加，因为它们在寻找新的度假场所或安静的停留!）”可知，文章开篇提出主题，即气候变化影响了英国地区鸟类的迁徙，并提供研究结果展开论述。选项B符合语意。故选B。
D
If someone created a flying machine capable of tracking you down by listening for your voice, you might be terrified. But what if you were trapped in ruins after a natural disaster and first responders couldn’t locate you? Maybe then a human-seeking drone(无人机) wouldn’t be such a terrible idea. That concept is the focus for engineers at Germany’s Fraunhofer FKIE Institute, who’ve built a drone to find people by detecting(探测) human screams.
“The human-seeking drone would be ideal for post-disaster situations, such as earthquakes, hurricanes and wildfires,” said Macarena Varela, one of the lead engineers. “They could hover over an area that rescue crews have difficulty getting to and locate exactly where people may be trapped.”
Locating people by sound presents its share of challenges. An auditory(听觉的) system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind. It might also need to recognize patterns associated with kicking, clapping or other ways people try to get the attention of rescue teams.
Engineers took those situations into account when building out their concept drone. They recorded themselves screaming, tapping and creating other noises that might be a sign of people in trouble. Then, they analyzed each sound frequency to find common signatures and used those to train artificial intelligence software. They also worked to remove the noise created by the drone and other environmental sounds.
Once the software part was complete, the team placed tiny digital microphones under the drone and used signal processing techniques that enabled them to track where human noises are coming from. The microphones also enhanced the volume and clarity of the speech. So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound.
Next, they would like to add a higher frequency microphone to a drone to acquire more audio sound signals. The idea is to pick up noises from hundreds of meters away, Varela said. In the real world, victim’s location data might one day be sent wirelessly to emergency crews carrying a tablet.
12. What is the advantage of the human-seeking drone?
A. Its high speed of flying. B. Its long working hours.
C. Its quick response to screams. D. Its easy access to disaster scene.
13. What can the auditory system do?
A. Recognize human cries.
B Pick up sounds from far away.
C. Send victim’s location data to a tablet.
D. Improve the quality of human screams.
14. What does the underlined word “signatures” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Effects. B. Features. C. Symbols. D. Situations.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. AI Enables Drones to Give Better Performance.
B. Human-seeking Drones Replace Rescue Crews.
C. Rescuers Use Drones to Locate Disaster Survivors.
D. Engineers Teach Drones to Hunt Human Screams.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种通过探测人类的尖叫声来追踪目标的飞行器，以及这项技术在救援过程中是如何发挥作用的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound. (到目前为止，他们进行了成功的野外实验，发现无人机在捕捉到声音后几秒钟内就能估计出受害者的位置)”可知，无人机捕捉到声音后，几秒内就能估计出声音的位置，说明反应速度很快。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“An auditory(听觉的) system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind.(听觉系统需要能区分人类呼救声和自然界里也能听到的声音，如动物叫声和风声。)”可知，这套听觉系统的功能是探测人类的尖叫声。故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Then, they analyzed each sound frequency(然后，他们分析每个声音的频率)”以及“and used those to train artificial intelligence software.(并用这些来训练人工智能软件)”可知，研究人员通过分析声音的频率特点，然后与人类声音进行比对，最后使用机器对搜寻到的声音进行分析，最终帮助找到失踪人员。由此可知，划线单词是指“声音与声音的共同点”，即共同的特点。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“That concept is the focus for engineers at German’s Fraunhofer FIE Institute, who’ve built a drone to find people by detecting (探测) human screams. (这一概念是德国弗劳恩霍夫五研究所中工程师们所关注的，他们建立了无人机，这种无人机可以通过探测人类的尖叫声而找到他们)”及下文对这种无人机的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了一种通过探测人类的尖叫声来追踪目标的飞行器。由此可知，Engineers Teach Drones to Hunt Human Screams(工程师教无人机捕捉人类的尖叫声)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend ____16____ . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
1. Associate with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
2. Start a conversation
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. ____17____ You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
3. ____18____.
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
4. Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. ____19____. The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5. Enjoy your friendship.
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. ____20____ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
B. Be cheerful.
C. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
D. Do not wait to be spoken to.
E. Do things together.
F. Try not to find fault with your friends.
G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文时一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友和保持朋友关系的建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文的“But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.（但对我们中的许多人来说，这个过程是困难的，需要勇气。）”可知，作者认为一些人交友比较困难。根据连词But可知，此句与横线处的句子形成对比。A项“Making new friends comes easy for some people.（有些人交新朋友很容易。）”与下文形成对比，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.（开始对话是结交新朋友的第二重要步骤。）”下文“You can always start the conversation.”（每次你都可以（先）开始谈话。）可知，作者建议自己主动开启对话。D项“Do not wait to be spoken to.（不要等着别人说话。）”与下文形成逻辑上的一致，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据本段“Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.（选择有共同兴趣的朋友对建立友谊很重要，因为这些兴趣会让你和你的朋友走到一起。出去玩总是一种愉快的体验。）”可知，本段主要建议“与朋友一起做事”。E项“Do things together.（一起做事。）”正是对于本段主旨的概括，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.（保持联系是件好事。然而，尽量不要用电话、短信或来访来催促你的新朋友，因为这可能会让他或她筋疲力尽，最终你可能会失去你的朋友。）”强调不要催促朋友。G项“So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.（所以你需要给你的朋友时间来回应你。）”跟上文是“因果关系”，故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. （享受友谊的最好方式是让你的朋友做自己。）”建议“让朋友作自己”。F项“Try not to find fault with your friends.（试着不要对你的朋友吹毛求疵。）”就是针对上文的建议提的方案。在形式上与下文一致，形式排比句式。故填F项。
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Running for a Dream
I will never forget that November day．It was hotter than normal．This was the ____21____ my father and I had waited so long for，because we had been working towards this race for three years．Dozens of familiar faces from church and school flashed across my view．They had come ____22____me．I saw worry and ____23____on my father's face．Then the race began!
For the first two and a half miles．I felt____24____．I had never before been so ready for something．The weeks leading up to the race were filled with controlled____25____and a strict diet．My friends hadn't seen me in weeks，but they understood the ___26___required to make my dream a reality．As in all of my races，I didn't ___27___ out in the front，I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook their premature speed．
Then without warning，my strength began to decrease．Neck and neck with one of my greatest competitors，I ____28____see the finish line．I had begun the final dash into___29___when my knees became weak and my legs gave way．Nothing I could do would make them ___30___ weight．
I watched as runners rushed by me．____31____ I knew my dreams of victory were destroyed．I had to finish the race．However，my legs hurt badly．With all of the ____32____ left in me，I got on my hands and knees and crawled （爬），inch by inch，across the finish line．Voices，both ____33____ and familiar，cheered me on．They gave me the courage to keep ____34____until the very end．
The doctors were there in seconds，but my eyes searched the crowd for him．There was only one person I wanted to ____35____to．I whispered，"I'm so sorry，Dad，I'm so sorry I ____36____you．"He looked at me，saying，"You could never disappoint me．Sometimes these things just ____37____．All that matters is that you did your best．"
"But we worked so ____38____．What about our dream？"He reached over for my hand and said，"Don't you know that you are my dream and it has come true？"
It wasn't long before my running shoes were back on，marking a____39____path for my journey，I learned that all of the miles，the tears，the sweat，and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a____40____．What I realized，though，was that to him，I was the greatest prize he had ever won．
21. A. dream B. weather C. result D. day
22. A. for B. to C. across D. over
23. A. coldness B. astonishment C. excitement D. amusement
24. A. proud B. great C. nervous D. afraid
25. A. programs B. studies C. instructions D. practices
26. A. sacrifice B. potential C. patience D. attention
27. A. look B. move C. start D. come
28. A. should B. could C. must D. need
29. A. relief B. spirit C. pleasure D. glory
30. A. give B. feel C. hold D. add
31. A. Where B. Because C. If D. Although
32. A. trust B. emotion C. strength D. confidence
33. A. loud B. foreign C. soft D. firm
34. A. going B. running C. fighting D. training
35. A. refer B. talk C. listen D. agree
36. A. frightened B. disturbed C. disappointed D. bored
37. A. develop B. change C. follow D. happen
38. A. late B. hard C. closely D. quickly
39. A. new B. near C. rough D. narrow
40. A. wish B. duty C. rank D. race
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】试题解析：本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者在一次赛跑中腿部受伤仍坚持爬过终点线，从而对人生有了更深刻的感悟。
【21题详解】
考查名词。A．dream梦想, B．weather天气, C．result 结果, D．day日子，根据第一句I will never forget the November day，可知选D。
【22题详解】
考查介词。A．for 为了, B．to对于，C．across穿越，D．over超过，此处表示他们是为我来的，所以选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词。A．coldness冷酷，B．astonishment吃惊，C．excitement兴奋，D．amusement娱乐，根据情感线索，结合排除法，爸爸此时的心情既担心又感到兴奋，所以选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词。A．proud自豪的，B．great好极了的，C．nervous紧张的，D．afraid担心的，根据后一句I had never before been ready for something，所以刚开始跑的时候作者感觉很好，所以选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词。A．programs项目，B．studies学习，研究，C．instructions指示，D．practices训练，根据上下文可知，根据尝试就可以做出来，为了比赛而训练，所以选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词A。sacrifice牺牲，B．potential潜能，C．patience耐心， D．attention注意，根据语境，我朋友们理解我为实现梦想而做出的牺牲，所以选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词。A．look看，B．move移动，C．start开始，D．come来，在我所有的比赛中，我开始的时候并没有领先，我喜欢赶超别人，所以选C。
【28题详解】
考查情态动词。 could 过去的能力，此处表示我能看到终点线，所以选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词。A．relief释放，B．spirit精神，C．pleasure愉快，D．glory 光荣，荣誉，此句话意思是我要做最后的冲刺了，很快就能取得胜利的荣誉。所以选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词。我的腿不能支撑住我身体的重量。A．give给，B．feel感受到，C．hold抓住， 撑住，D．add增添，所以选C。
【31题详解】
考查连词。此处语境表示尽管我知道我已无缘夺冠，但是我还要继续完成比赛，所以D正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词。A．trust信任，B．emotion感情，C．strength力气，D．confidence信心，此处表示作者尽全力，用手和膝盖朝终点爬去，所以选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。A．loud大声的， B．foreign陌生的，C．soft柔软的， D．firm坚定的，根据语境可知 foreign 在这里不是国外的，是和familiar 相对，意为陌生的。所以选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词。A．going去，B．running跑，C．fighting斗争，D．training训练，此处表示keep going 继续保持，作者此时是爬行，所以不选running，而选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词。A．refer谈到，B．talk谈话，讨论，C．listen听，D．agree同意，根据下一句I whisper，可知选择B. talk合适。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。A．frightened感到害怕的，B．disturbed打扰的，C．disappointed失望的， D．bored感到无聊的，根据下文you could never disappoint me，可知C正确。
【37题详解】
考查动词。A．develop 发展，B．change改变，C．follow跟随， D．happen发生，此处表示这种事难免发生，重要的是你要尽最大努力，所以D正确。
【38题详解】
考查副词。A．late迟到的，B．hard努力的， C．closely密切地，D．quickly快地，前面提到：重要的是你们尽自己最大的努力，后面回答：但是我们已经很努力了．work hard 努力工作，其他选项不符句意．所以选择B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。A．new新的，B．near近的，C．rough粗糙的，D．narrow狭窄的，根据语境没过多久我又穿上了跑鞋，开始了一段新的征程，所以A正确。
【40题详解】
考查名词。A．wish希望，B．duty责任，C．rank等级，D．race比赛，此句是文章的升华，把race 上升到人生高度，作者尽全力，用手和膝盖朝终点爬去，所以D正确。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料， 在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn’t long for a favorite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting concept ____41____ (concern) Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming____42____ (increasing) ignored by the youth of the East --- the ancient custom of “tonic (滋补的) food”.
____43____ is known to us, tonic food is food that is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid
sickness. For instance, it was once a custom for new mothers____44____ (eat) a sesame oil hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was a general____45____ (believe) that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as goat meat, are seen as “hot”, while____46____ (other), such as Chinese cabbage, are seen as “cold”. One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat____47____ (depend) on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
The custom of employing tonic foods____48____ a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as wolfberries(枸杞), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either____49____ (add) to fruit tea or as a very_____50_____ (benefit) addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff, in need of a modest pick-me-up (提神的东西).
【答案】41. concerning
42. increasingly
43. As 44. to eat
45. belief 46. others
47. depends
48. for 49. added
50. beneficial
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的食补的习俗以及食补的应用情况。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——“食补”，这个古老的习俗在西方几乎是前所未闻的，而在东方却越来越被年轻人忽视。后跟名词作宾语，表示“关于”应用介词concerning。故填concerning。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——“食补”，这个古老的习俗在西方几乎是前所未闻的，而在东方却越来越被年轻人忽视。修饰动词ignore应用副词increasingly，作状语，故填increasingly。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，食补是用来增进健康或避免疾病的食物。结合句意表示“众所周知”可知短语为as is known to sb.，as引导非限制性定语从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在过去的习俗中，新妈妈们在产后的第一个月里每天都要吃麻油火锅。分析可知，此处为固定句型“it be + n.+ for sb. to do sth.”，it为形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to eat。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，这道菜对肌肉有益，减轻疼痛，促进血液循环，刺激出汗，暖和身体。此处作表语，表示“信念，认为”应用名词belief，冠词a提示用单数。故填belief。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：一些食物，如山羊肉和菠菜，被视为“热性”食物，而其他食物，如大白菜和萝卜，则被视为“凉性”食物。此处表示“其他食物”应用代词others，作主语，构成some...others...“一些……其他……”。故填others。
【47题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：然而，吃多少“热”或“冷”的食物，要视时令、烹调方法和调料，以及个人的健康状况而定。根据后文is可知为一般现在时，且主语为how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：食补养生的习俗也影响着餐饮业。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用介词for表示“为了”。故填for。
【49题详解】
考查语态。句意：中国草药，如枸杞，在许多餐馆的菜单上都能找到，或者加到水果茶里，或者作为对菜肴非常有益的配料。此处add与主语构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。故填added。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国草药，如枸杞，在许多餐馆的菜单上都能找到，或者加到水果茶里，或者作为对菜肴非常有益的配料。修饰后文名词addition，应用形容词beneficial，作定语，故填beneficial。
第三部分 写作 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下信件内容。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划—横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Recently, a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall. In the fact, this happens in many place of interest. I had some suggestions to solve this problem. First, make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦). Besides, punishments, such as a fine, is necessary to tourists with so bad behaviors. Also, I think it’s helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages. I’m sure with our efforts, more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.
【答案】1.angry→anger
2.去掉fact前面的the
3.place→places
4had→have
5.在public后面加of
6.is→are
7.so→such
8.helpfully→helpful
9.that→where
10.concerning→concerned
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者提出了一些防止游客在旅游景点乱涂鸦的建议。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：最近，一位著名的篮球运动员在长城上写字，引起了公众的愤怒。此处意为“造成愤怒”，动宾结构，名词作宾语，且前面有形容词public修饰。故angry改为anger。
2.考查冠词。句意：事实上，这种情况在许多名胜古迹中都有发生。固定短语in fact“事实上”，不需要冠词。故去掉fact前面的the。
3.考查名词复数。句意：事实上，这种情况在许多名胜古迹中都有发生。固定短语place of interest意为“名胜”，此处前面有many修饰，后面应用复数名词，此短语的中心词是place。故把place改为places。
4.考查时态。句意：我有一些解决这个问题的建议。本文用一般现在时描述，故此句也用一般现在时，主语是第一人称。故had改为have。
5.考查介词。句意：首先，制作更多的海报，告诉公众涂鸦的危害。固定短语inform sb. of sth.表示“通知某人某事”。故在public后面加of。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：此外，对于有这种不良行为的游客，罚款等惩罚是必要的。此句的主语是punishments，是复数，故谓语也要用复数。故is改为are。
7.考查固定搭配。句意：此外，对于有这种不良行为的游客，罚款等惩罚是必要的。so修饰形容词或者副词，such修饰名词，虽然此处有bad这个形容词，但是bad也是来修饰后面这个名词behaviors的，也就是说此处的中心词是behaviors，应用such。故so改为such。
8.考查形容词。句意：此外，我认为在旅游景点旁放一些公告栏是有帮助的，游客可以在那里留言。此处为系表结构，形容词作表语，应用helpful。故helpfully改为helpful。
9.考查定语从句。句意：此外，我认为在旅游景点旁放一些公告栏是有帮助的，游客可以在那里留言。此处为定语从句，先行词是boards，从句缺少状语，应用关系副词where引导。故that改为where。
10.考查形容词。句意：我相信，随着我们的努力，越来越多的人会关心保护文物。固定短语be concerned about表示“关心……”。故concerning改为concerned。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你叫李华，是西北师范大学附属中学的一名高中生。你发现你校校门口在上学放学高峰期交通堵塞特别严重。请你就此向二十一世纪学生英文报Teens专栏写信，内容包括：
1. 校门口的交通现状;
2. 改变该现状的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Northwest Normal University High School. I’m writing to tell you the traffic problem with the neighborhood of our school gate.
A strange phenomenon always occurs near our school gate during the rush hour that a mass of vehicles is congested on the road, causing much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school. As far as I am concerned, measures taken, the traffic congestion should be relieved. First, traffic signal time needs increasing, and in that case, more pedestrians and vehicles are allowed to pass respectively. What’s more, during the rush hour, set the limitation of car numbers, for which the number of cars is reduced.
Hopefully, traffic conditions could be improved, which brings much convenience for students and teachers.
Yours，
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生就校门口在上学放学高峰期交通堵塞情况，向英语报刊Teens专栏写一封信，提出改变现状的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
发生：occur→happen/take place
大量的：a mass of→vast/a good deal of/plenty of
措施：measures→actions/steps
减少：reduce→decrease
2.句式拓展：
简单句变成复合句
原句： a mass of vehicles is congested on the road, causing much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school.
拓展句： a mass of vehicles is congested on the road,which causes much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
A strange phenomenon always occurs near our school gate during the rush hour that a mass of vehicle is congested on the road, causing much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school. (运用了that引导同位语从句，以及现在分词作结果状语)
【高分句型2】
Also during the rush hour, set the limitation of car numbers, for which the number of cars is surely reduced. (运用了介词+ which引导非限制性定语从句)
西北师大附中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试试题
高三英语
注意事项：
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第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, MexIco！
◆ Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise(乘船游览)
Duration: 5 hrs
Kick off the evening with a scenic cruise across Banderas Bay to Las Caletas. Las Caletas once home to a Hollywood movie director John Huston, offers front-row sunset seats, and dinner tables just steps away from the water. The buffet-style menu offers a wide variety of choices. Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco. You must be able to climb and go down stairs.
◆ Sayulita Escape
Duration: 3 hrs
Hop on a powerful UTV(utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a nice beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its relaxing atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, an open bar, and a knowledgeable crew await your return to the ship. Wheelchair accessibility is available.
◆ Las Caletas Beach Hideaway
Duration: 7 hrs
The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones. You can even swim out to an offshore platform to practice your diving skills. Wheelchair accessibility is not available.
◆Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto vallarta
Duration: 6hrs 30mins
Enjoy a feast of local flavors in our food and tacos-tasting tour. Discover Puerto Vallarta's best flavors to the locals'eye. Learn about the local culture and life, while you eat where the locals do with their beloved ones. Wheelchair accessibility is not avaliable.
1. What can tourists do on the tour Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise?
A. Enjoy free dinners.
B. Come across the movie director John Huston.
C. Learn about the history of Jalisco.
D. Watch the scenic sunrise.
2. How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones?
A. It includes a licensed guide.
B. It is more friendly to the disabled.
C. It offers various water event.
D. It has adventurous routes.
3. Which tour suits families with kids?
A. Las Caletas Beach Hideaway.
B. Sayulita Escape.
C. Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise.
D. Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto Vallarta.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了墨西哥一座城市的几个旅游项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分倒数第二句“Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco.”可知，在这段乘船旅程中，人们可以欣赏到有关Jalisco的历史故事，也就是能了解到其历史。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二部分最后一句“Wheelchair accessibility is available.”可知，这一旅程中是可以使用轮椅的，而其他项目中都明确说明了不能使用轮椅（第一部分指出要上下楼梯也不行）。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三部分“The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones.”可知，该项目也给孩子提供相应的游玩地点，比较适合父母带孩子一起参加。故选A项。
B
Children's average daily time spent watching television or using mobile device increased from 53 minutes at age 12 months to more than 150 minutes at 3 years, according to an analysis by researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). By age 8, children were more likely to log the highest amount of screen time if they had been in home-based children or were born to first-time mothers.
“Our results indicate that screen habits begin early, ”said Edwina Yeung, an investigator in National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).“This finding suggests that interventions(干涉) to reduce screen time could have a better chance of success if introduced early.”
In the research, mothers of 4, 000 children responded to questions on their kids' media habits when they were 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months of age.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends avoiding digital media exposure for children under 18 months of age, introducing children 18 to 24 months of age to screen media slowly, and limiting screen time to an hour a day for children from 2 to 5 years of age. In the current study, researchers found that 87% of the children had screen time exceeding (超过) these recommendations. However, while screen time increased throughout toddlerhood, by age 7 and 8, screen time fell to under 1.5 hours per day. The researchers believe this decrease relates to time consumed by school-related activities.
The study authors classified the children into two groups based on how much their average daily screen time increased from age 1 to age 3. The first group, 73% of the total had the lowest increase, from an average of nearly 51 minutes a day to nearly an hour and 47 minutes a day. The second group, 27% of the total, had the highest increase, from nearly 37 minutes of screen time a day to about 4 hours a day. Higher levels of parental education were associated with lower odds of inclusion in the second group.
4 Who use mobile device longest according to the NIH's analysis?
A. 10-year-old born to first-time mothers. B. 3-year-old children in low income families.
C. 8-year-old children in home-based childcare. D. 1-year-old children with parents poorly educated.
5. What does the research suggest according to Edwina?
A. Parents should stop their children using media.
B. Parents should limit the use of digital media themselves.
C. Parents should reduce their children's screen time earlier.
D. Parents should avoid their children using digital media at infancy (婴儿期).
6. Why does children's screen time fall when they age 7 and 8?
A. They are studying at school. B. They can control themselves.
C. They are tired of using them. D. They are forbidden to use them.
7. Which of the following may be the best title?
A. Keep Away from Media B. Screen Habits Begin Early
C. Urgency of Parental Education D. Harm of Home-based Childcare
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了儿童很早就接触屏幕了，每天看电视或使用移动设备的平均时间增加了。美国研究了不同年龄段的平均使用时长并通过实验分析，并提出及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“By age 8, children were more likely to log the highest amount of screen time if they had been in home-based children or were born to first-time mothers.（到8岁时，如果孩子是在家的孩子，或者是第一次做母亲的孩子，那么他们更有可能花最多的时间看屏幕。）”可知，根据NIH的分析，家庭托儿所的8岁儿童使用移动设备的时间最长。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段埃德温娜说的话“This finding suggests that interventions to reduce screen time could have a better chance of success if introduced early.（这一发现表明，如果及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。）”根据埃德温娜的说法，这项研究表明了家长应该尽早减少孩子的屏幕时间。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“However, while screen time increased throughout toddlerhood, by age 7 and 8, screen time fell to under 1.5 hours per day. The researchers believe this decrease relates to time consumed by school-related activities.（然而，在蹒跚学步的过程中，屏幕时间一直在增加，到7岁和8岁时，屏幕时间下降到每天1.5小时以下。研究人员认为，这种减少与学校相关活动所消耗的时间有关。）”可知，孩子在7岁和8岁的时候屏幕时间减少了的原因是他们在学校学习。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段““Our results indicate that screen habits begin early, ”said Edwina Yeung, an investigator in National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).( 美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所的研究员Edwina Yeung说：“我们的研究结果表明，屏幕习惯很早就开始了。”)”及全文可知，文章介绍了儿童很早就接触屏幕了，每天看电视或使用移动设备的平均时间增加了。美国研究了不同年龄段的平均使用时长并通过实验分析，并提出及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。所以“Screen Habits Begin Early(屏幕习惯很早就开始了)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
C
Due to the effects of climate change, new species of birds are coming to the UK.A recent study by the RSPB and Durham University has found that European birds have been migrating further north by an average of 300 miles. While fewer birds, such as the tufted duck, are returning for the winter months, there has been an increase in other species as they seek a new holiday home or a quiet stop-off!
It's thought that in the UK, we will gain many more species than we'll lose through climate change -a 3°C change won't affect the migrations of most birds, so birds such as robins, blackbirds, blue tits and greenfinches will still be regular visitors to our gardens. Climate change has been affecting domestic birds though-the Dartford warbler, a species that was literally down to just a couple of pairs in the UK in the 1960s, has been spreading further north from it’s traditional home in south-east England. Other birds such as green woodpeckers and nuthatches have already been regular visitors to the country, but have now started to spread further north, with some even going as far as northern England.
Scops owls have also been regular visitors, mostly in the south of England. And over the next 50 years or so, these visitors will eventually start to settle in the UK as they continue to· breed(繁殖)and adapt themselves to the conditions.
Other birds are, for the moment, just passing through on their migration, using the UK as a pitstop. The exotic-looking hoopoe - a striking black-and-white-winged bird, the size of a mistle thrush----regularly passes England's south coast and, although it doesn't breed here, up to 100 of them can turn up during the spring.
As climate change continues, there's nothing to suggest that these birds won't continue to breed northwards during the next decade and spotting them will become a regular occurrence throughout the country.
8. What can we infer from paragraph 2?
A. There are fewer birds in the UK due to the climate change.
B. Birds won't be affected by temperature change within 3°
C. It may get warmer than before in the north of the UK.
D. Birds in the UK don't need migrations any more.
9. Which birds are expected to live in the UK in the future?
A. Scops owls. B. Robins. C. Dartford warbler. D. Hoopoe.
10. What dóes the underlined word “pitstop” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Garage. B. Gas station. C. Resting place. D. Nest.
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Birds visit the UK regularly in winter.
B. Climate change is affecting the population and migrations of birds in the UK.
C. Birds start to inhabit the northern parts of the UK.
D. The population of birds in the world is on the increase due to the climate change.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了气候变化对于英国鸟类物种迁徙的影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It's thought that in the UK, we will gain many more species than we'll lose through climate change -a 3°C change won't affect the migrations of most birds, so birds such as robins, blackbirds, blue tits and greenfinches will still be regular visitors to our gardens. Climate change has been affecting domestic birds though-the Dartford warbler, a species that was literally down to just a couple of pairs in the UK in the 1960s, has been spreading further north from it’s traditional home in south-east England. Other birds such as green woodpeckers and nuthatches have already been regular visitors to the country, but have now started to spread further north, with some even going as far as northern England.（据认为，在英国，气候变化将使我们获得比失去更多的物种——3°C的变化不会影响大多数鸟类的迁徙，所以知更鸟、黑鹂、蓝山雀和绿雀等鸟类仍将是我们花园的常客。然而，气候变化已经影响到了家养鸟类——在20世纪60年代，英国的达特福德莺实际上只剩下了几对，现在已经从它的传统家园英格兰东南部向北扩散。其他鸟类，如绿啄木鸟和五子雀，已经是这个国家的常客，但现在已经开始向北扩散，有些甚至远至英格兰北部。）”可知，由于气候变化，将会有更多的鸟迁徙进英国，三度的温度变化对大多数鸟类迁徙没有影响，同时部分鸟类开始前往英国北部，可知，英国北部由于气温升高，所以鸟类会迁徙过去。选项C符合语意。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Scops owls have also been regular visitors, mostly in the south of England. And over the next 50 years or so, these visitors will eventually start to settle in the UK as they continue to· breed(繁殖) and adapt themselves to the conditions.（猫头鹰也是常客，主要生活在英格兰南部。在接下来的50年左右,这些游客最终将开始定居在英国继续繁殖并适应当地条件。）”可知，未来猫头鹰将会生活在英国。选项A符合语意，故选A。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Other birds are, for the moment, just passing through on their migration, using the UK as a pitstop.（目前，其他鸟类只是在迁徙过程中经过这里，把英国作为______。）”可知，这些鸟类只是路过英国，不会停留在英国。所以英国只是它们临时休息的地方。选项C符合语意。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Due to the effects of climate change, new species of birds are coming to the UK.A recent study by the RSPB and Durham University has found that European birds have been migrating further north by an average of 300 miles. While fewer birds, such as the tufted duck, are returning for the winter months, there has been an increase in other species as they seek a new holiday home or a quiet stop-off!（由于气候变化的影响，新的鸟类物种正在来到英国。皇家鸟类保护协会和杜伦大学最近的一项研究发现，欧洲鸟类平均向北迁徙了300英里。虽然越来越少的鸟类，如簇毛鸭，回来过冬，但其他物种却在增加，因为它们在寻找新的度假场所或安静的停留!）”可知，文章开篇提出主题，即气候变化影响了英国地区鸟类的迁徙，并提供研究结果展开论述。选项B符合语意。故选B。
D
If someone created a flying machine capable of tracking you down by listening for your voice, you might be terrified. But what if you were trapped in ruins after a natural disaster and first responders couldn’t locate you? Maybe then a human-seeking drone(无人机) wouldn’t be such a terrible idea. That concept is the focus for engineers at Germany’s Fraunhofer FKIE Institute, who’ve built a drone to find people by detecting(探测) human screams.
“The human-seeking drone would be ideal for post-disaster situations, such as earthquakes, hurricanes and wildfires,” said Macarena Varela, one of the lead engineers. “They could hover over an area that rescue crews have difficulty getting to and locate exactly where people may be trapped.”
Locating people by sound presents its share of challenges. An auditory(听觉的) system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind. It might also need to recognize patterns associated with kicking, clapping or other ways people try to get the attention of rescue teams.
Engineers took those situations into account when building out their concept drone. They recorded themselves screaming, tapping and creating other noises that might be a sign of people in trouble. Then, they analyzed each sound frequency to find common signatures and used those to train artificial intelligence software. They also worked to remove the noise created by the drone and other environmental sounds.
Once the software part was complete, the team placed tiny digital microphones under the drone and used signal processing techniques that enabled them to track where human noises are coming from. The microphones also enhanced the volume and clarity of the speech. So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound.
Next, they would like to add a higher frequency microphone to a drone to acquire more audio sound signals. The idea is to pick up noises from hundreds of meters away, Varela said. In the real world, victim’s location data might one day be sent wirelessly to emergency crews carrying a tablet.
12. What is the advantage of the human-seeking drone?
A. Its high speed of flying. B. Its long working hours.
C. Its quick response to screams. D. Its easy access to disaster scene.
13. What can the auditory system do?
A. Recognize human cries.
B Pick up sounds from far away.
C. Send victim’s location data to a tablet.
D. Improve the quality of human screams.
14. What does the underlined word “signatures” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Effects. B. Features. C. Symbols. D. Situations.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. AI Enables Drones to Give Better Performance.
B. Human-seeking Drones Replace Rescue Crews.
C. Rescuers Use Drones to Locate Disaster Survivors.
D. Engineers Teach Drones to Hunt Human Screams.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种通过探测人类的尖叫声来追踪目标的飞行器，以及这项技术在救援过程中是如何发挥作用的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound. (到目前为止，他们进行了成功的野外实验，发现无人机在捕捉到声音后几秒钟内就能估计出受害者的位置)”可知，无人机捕捉到声音后，几秒内就能估计出声音的位置，说明反应速度很快。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“An auditory(听觉的) system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind.(听觉系统需要能区分人类呼救声和自然界里也能听到的声音，如动物叫声和风声。)”可知，这套听觉系统的功能是探测人类的尖叫声。故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Then, they analyzed each sound frequency(然后，他们分析每个声音的频率)”以及“and used those to train artificial intelligence software.(并用这些来训练人工智能软件)”可知，研究人员通过分析声音的频率特点，然后与人类声音进行比对，最后使用机器对搜寻到的声音进行分析，最终帮助找到失踪人员。由此可知，划线单词是指“声音与声音的共同点”，即共同的特点。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“That concept is the focus for engineers at German’s Fraunhofer FIE Institute, who’ve built a drone to find people by detecting (探测) human screams. (这一概念是德国弗劳恩霍夫五研究所中工程师们所关注的，他们建立了无人机，这种无人机可以通过探测人类的尖叫声而找到他们)”及下文对这种无人机的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了一种通过探测人类的尖叫声来追踪目标的飞行器。由此可知，Engineers Teach Drones to Hunt Human Screams(工程师教无人机捕捉人类的尖叫声)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend ____16____ . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
1. Associate with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
2. Start a conversation
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. ____17____ You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
3. ____18____.
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
4. Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. ____19____. The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5. Enjoy your friendship.
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. ____20____ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
B. Be cheerful.
C. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
D. Do not wait to be spoken to.
E. Do things together.
F. Try not to find fault with your friends.
G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文时一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友和保持朋友关系的建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文的“But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.（但对我们中的许多人来说，这个过程是困难的，需要勇气。）”可知，作者认为一些人交友比较困难。根据连词But可知，此句与横线处的句子形成对比。A项“Making new friends comes easy for some people.（有些人交新朋友很容易。）”与下文形成对比，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.（开始对话是结交新朋友的第二重要步骤。）”下文“You can always start the conversation.”（每次你都可以（先）开始谈话。）可知，作者建议自己主动开启对话。D项“Do not wait to be spoken to.（不要等着别人说话。）”与下文形成逻辑上的一致，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据本段“Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.（选择有共同兴趣的朋友对建立友谊很重要，因为这些兴趣会让你和你的朋友走到一起。出去玩总是一种愉快的体验。）”可知，本段主要建议“与朋友一起做事”。E项“Do things together.（一起做事。）”正是对于本段主旨的概括，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.（保持联系是件好事。然而，尽量不要用电话、短信或来访来催促你的新朋友，因为这可能会让他或她筋疲力尽，最终你可能会失去你的朋友。）”强调不要催促朋友。G项“So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.（所以你需要给你的朋友时间来回应你。）”跟上文是“因果关系”，故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. （享受友谊的最好方式是让你的朋友做自己。）”建议“让朋友作自己”。F项“Try not to find fault with your friends.（试着不要对你的朋友吹毛求疵。）”就是针对上文的建议提的方案。在形式上与下文一致，形式排比句式。故填F项。
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Running for a Dream
I will never forget that November day．It was hotter than normal．This was the ____21____ my father and I had waited so long for，because we had been working towards this race for three years．Dozens of familiar faces from church and school flashed across my view．They had come ____22____me．I saw worry and ____23____on my father's face．Then the race began!
For the first two and a half miles．I felt____24____．I had never before been so ready for something．The weeks leading up to the race were filled with controlled____25____and a strict diet．My friends hadn't seen me in weeks，but they understood the ___26___required to make my dream a reality．As in all of my races，I didn't ___27___ out in the front，I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook their premature speed．
Then without warning，my strength began to decrease．Neck and neck with one of my greatest competitors，I ____28____see the finish line．I had begun the final dash into___29___when my knees became weak and my legs gave way．Nothing I could do would make them ___30___ weight．
I watched as runners rushed by me．____31____ I knew my dreams of victory were destroyed．I had to finish the race．However，my legs hurt badly．With all of the ____32____ left in me，I got on my hands and knees and crawled （爬），inch by inch，across the finish line．Voices，both ____33____ and familiar，cheered me on．They gave me the courage to keep ____34____until the very end．
The doctors were there in seconds，but my eyes searched the crowd for him．There was only one person I wanted to ____35____to．I whispered，"I'm so sorry，Dad，I'm so sorry I ____36____you．"He looked at me，saying，"You could never disappoint me．Sometimes these things just ____37____．All that matters is that you did your best．"
"But we worked so ____38____．What about our dream？"He reached over for my hand and said，"Don't you know that you are my dream and it has come true？"
It wasn't long before my running shoes were back on，marking a____39____path for my journey，I learned that all of the miles，the tears，the sweat，and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a____40____．What I realized，though，was that to him，I was the greatest prize he had ever won．
21. A. dream B. weather C. result D. day
22. A. for B. to C. across D. over
23. A. coldness B. astonishment C. excitement D. amusement
24. A. proud B. great C. nervous D. afraid
25. A. programs B. studies C. instructions D. practices
26. A. sacrifice B. potential C. patience D. attention
27. A. look B. move C. start D. come
28. A. should B. could C. must D. need
29. A. relief B. spirit C. pleasure D. glory
30. A. give B. feel C. hold D. add
31. A. Where B. Because C. If D. Although
32. A. trust B. emotion C. strength D. confidence
33. A. loud B. foreign C. soft D. firm
34. A. going B. running C. fighting D. training
35. A. refer B. talk C. listen D. agree
36. A. frightened B. disturbed C. disappointed D. bored
37. A. develop B. change C. follow D. happen
38. A. late B. hard C. closely D. quickly
39. A. new B. near C. rough D. narrow
40. A. wish B. duty C. rank D. race
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】试题解析：本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者在一次赛跑中腿部受伤仍坚持爬过终点线，从而对人生有了更深刻的感悟。
【21题详解】
考查名词。A．dream梦想, B．weather天气, C．result 结果, D．day日子，根据第一句I will never forget the November day，可知选D。
【22题详解】
考查介词。A．for 为了, B．to对于，C．across穿越，D．over超过，此处表示他们是为我来的，所以选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词。A．coldness冷酷，B．astonishment吃惊，C．excitement兴奋，D．amusement娱乐，根据情感线索，结合排除法，爸爸此时的心情既担心又感到兴奋，所以选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词。A．proud自豪的，B．great好极了的，C．nervous紧张的，D．afraid担心的，根据后一句I had never before been ready for something，所以刚开始跑的时候作者感觉很好，所以选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词。A．programs项目，B．studies学习，研究，C．instructions指示，D．practices训练，根据上下文可知，根据尝试就可以做出来，为了比赛而训练，所以选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词A。sacrifice牺牲，B．potential潜能，C．patience耐心， D．attention注意，根据语境，我朋友们理解我为实现梦想而做出的牺牲，所以选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词。A．look看，B．move移动，C．start开始，D．come来，在我所有的比赛中，我开始的时候并没有领先，我喜欢赶超别人，所以选C。
【28题详解】
考查情态动词。 could 过去的能力，此处表示我能看到终点线，所以选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词。A．relief释放，B．spirit精神，C．pleasure愉快，D．glory 光荣，荣誉，此句话意思是我要做最后的冲刺了，很快就能取得胜利的荣誉。所以选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词。我的腿不能支撑住我身体的重量。A．give给，B．feel感受到，C．hold抓住， 撑住，D．add增添，所以选C。
【31题详解】
考查连词。此处语境表示尽管我知道我已无缘夺冠，但是我还要继续完成比赛，所以D正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词。A．trust信任，B．emotion感情，C．strength力气，D．confidence信心，此处表示作者尽全力，用手和膝盖朝终点爬去，所以选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。A．loud大声的， B．foreign陌生的，C．soft柔软的， D．firm坚定的，根据语境可知 foreign 在这里不是国外的，是和familiar 相对，意为陌生的。所以选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词。A．going去，B．running跑，C．fighting斗争，D．training训练，此处表示keep going 继续保持，作者此时是爬行，所以不选running，而选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词。A．refer谈到，B．talk谈话，讨论，C．listen听，D．agree同意，根据下一句I whisper，可知选择B. talk合适。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。A．frightened感到害怕的，B．disturbed打扰的，C．disappointed失望的， D．bored感到无聊的，根据下文you could never disappoint me，可知C正确。
【37题详解】
考查动词。A．develop 发展，B．change改变，C．follow跟随， D．happen发生，此处表示这种事难免发生，重要的是你要尽最大努力，所以D正确。
【38题详解】
考查副词。A．late迟到的，B．hard努力的， C．closely密切地，D．quickly快地，前面提到：重要的是你们尽自己最大的努力，后面回答：但是我们已经很努力了．work hard 努力工作，其他选项不符句意．所以选择B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。A．new新的，B．near近的，C．rough粗糙的，D．narrow狭窄的，根据语境没过多久我又穿上了跑鞋，开始了一段新的征程，所以A正确。
【40题详解】
考查名词。A．wish希望，B．duty责任，C．rank等级，D．race比赛，此句是文章的升华，把race 上升到人生高度，作者尽全力，用手和膝盖朝终点爬去，所以D正确。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料， 在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn’t long for a favorite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting concept ____41____ (concern) Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming____42____ (increasing) ignored by the youth of the East --- the ancient custom of “tonic (滋补的) food”.
____43____ is known to us, tonic food is food that is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid
sickness. For instance, it was once a custom for new mothers____44____ (eat) a sesame oil hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was a general____45____ (believe) that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as goat meat, are seen as “hot”, while____46____ (other), such as Chinese cabbage, are seen as “cold”. One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat____47____ (depend) on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
The custom of employing tonic foods____48____ a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as wolfberries(枸杞), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either____49____ (add) to fruit tea or as a very_____50_____ (benefit) addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff, in need of a modest pick-me-up (提神的东西).
【答案】41. concerning
42. increasingly
43. As 44. to eat
45. belief 46. others
47. depends
48. for 49. added
50. beneficial
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的食补的习俗以及食补的应用情况。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——“食补”，这个古老的习俗在西方几乎是前所未闻的，而在东方却越来越被年轻人忽视。后跟名词作宾语，表示“关于”应用介词concerning。故填concerning。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——“食补”，这个古老的习俗在西方几乎是前所未闻的，而在东方却越来越被年轻人忽视。修饰动词ignore应用副词increasingly，作状语，故填increasingly。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，食补是用来增进健康或避免疾病的食物。结合句意表示“众所周知”可知短语为as is known to sb.，as引导非限制性定语从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在过去的习俗中，新妈妈们在产后的第一个月里每天都要吃麻油火锅。分析可知，此处为固定句型“it be + n.+ for sb. to do sth.”，it为形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to eat。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，这道菜对肌肉有益，减轻疼痛，促进血液循环，刺激出汗，暖和身体。此处作表语，表示“信念，认为”应用名词belief，冠词a提示用单数。故填belief。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：一些食物，如山羊肉和菠菜，被视为“热性”食物，而其他食物，如大白菜和萝卜，则被视为“凉性”食物。此处表示“其他食物”应用代词others，作主语，构成some...others...“一些……其他……”。故填others。
【47题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：然而，吃多少“热”或“冷”的食物，要视时令、烹调方法和调料，以及个人的健康状况而定。根据后文is可知为一般现在时，且主语为how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：食补养生的习俗也影响着餐饮业。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用介词for表示“为了”。故填for。
【49题详解】
考查语态。句意：中国草药，如枸杞，在许多餐馆的菜单上都能找到，或者加到水果茶里，或者作为对菜肴非常有益的配料。此处add与主语构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。故填added。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国草药，如枸杞，在许多餐馆的菜单上都能找到，或者加到水果茶里，或者作为对菜肴非常有益的配料。修饰后文名词addition，应用形容词beneficial，作定语，故填beneficial。
第三部分 写作 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下信件内容。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划—横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Recently, a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall. In the fact, this happens in many place of interest. I had some suggestions to solve this problem. First, make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦). Besides, punishments, such as a fine, is necessary to tourists with so bad behaviors. Also, I think it’s helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages. I’m sure with our efforts, more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.
【答案】1.angry→anger
2.去掉fact前面的the
3.place→places
4had→have
5.在public后面加of
6.is→are
7.so→such
8.helpfully→helpful
9.that→where
10.concerning→concerned
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者提出了一些防止游客在旅游景点乱涂鸦的建议。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：最近，一位著名的篮球运动员在长城上写字，引起了公众的愤怒。此处意为“造成愤怒”，动宾结构，名词作宾语，且前面有形容词public修饰。故angry改为anger。
2.考查冠词。句意：事实上，这种情况在许多名胜古迹中都有发生。固定短语in fact“事实上”，不需要冠词。故去掉fact前面的the。
3.考查名词复数。句意：事实上，这种情况在许多名胜古迹中都有发生。固定短语place of interest意为“名胜”，此处前面有many修饰，后面应用复数名词，此短语的中心词是place。故把place改为places。
4.考查时态。句意：我有一些解决这个问题的建议。本文用一般现在时描述，故此句也用一般现在时，主语是第一人称。故had改为have。
5.考查介词。句意：首先，制作更多的海报，告诉公众涂鸦的危害。固定短语inform sb. of sth.表示“通知某人某事”。故在public后面加of。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：此外，对于有这种不良行为的游客，罚款等惩罚是必要的。此句的主语是punishments，是复数，故谓语也要用复数。故is改为are。
7.考查固定搭配。句意：此外，对于有这种不良行为的游客，罚款等惩罚是必要的。so修饰形容词或者副词，such修饰名词，虽然此处有bad这个形容词，但是bad也是来修饰后面这个名词behaviors的，也就是说此处的中心词是behaviors，应用such。故so改为such。
8.考查形容词。句意：此外，我认为在旅游景点旁放一些公告栏是有帮助的，游客可以在那里留言。此处为系表结构，形容词作表语，应用helpful。故helpfully改为helpful。
9.考查定语从句。句意：此外，我认为在旅游景点旁放一些公告栏是有帮助的，游客可以在那里留言。此处为定语从句，先行词是boards，从句缺少状语，应用关系副词where引导。故that改为where。
10.考查形容词。句意：我相信，随着我们的努力，越来越多的人会关心保护文物。固定短语be concerned about表示“关心……”。故concerning改为concerned。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你叫李华，是西北师范大学附属中学的一名高中生。你发现你校校门口在上学放学高峰期交通堵塞特别严重。请你就此向二十一世纪学生英文报Teens专栏写信，内容包括：
1. 校门口的交通现状;
2. 改变该现状的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Northwest Normal University High School. I’m writing to tell you the traffic problem with the neighborhood of our school gate.
A strange phenomenon always occurs near our school gate during the rush hour that a mass of vehicles is congested on the road, causing much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school. As far as I am concerned, measures taken, the traffic congestion should be relieved. First, traffic signal time needs increasing, and in that case, more pedestrians and vehicles are allowed to pass respectively. What’s more, during the rush hour, set the limitation of car numbers, for which the number of cars is reduced.
Hopefully, traffic conditions could be improved, which brings much convenience for students and teachers.
Yours，
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生就校门口在上学放学高峰期交通堵塞情况，向英语报刊Teens专栏写一封信，提出改变现状的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
发生：occur→happen/take place
大量的：a mass of→vast/a good deal of/plenty of
措施：measures→actions/steps
减少：reduce→decrease
2.句式拓展：
简单句变成复合句
原句： a mass of vehicles is congested on the road, causing much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school.
拓展句： a mass of vehicles is congested on the road,which causes much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
A strange phenomenon always occurs near our school gate during the rush hour that a mass of vehicle is congested on the road, causing much trouble for students and teachers to enter the school. (运用了that引导同位语从句，以及现在分词作结果状语)
【高分句型2】
Also during the rush hour, set the limitation of car numbers, for which the number of cars is surely reduced. (运用了介词+ which引导非限制性定语从句)
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