湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期第二次大练习试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期第二次大练习试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
湖南师大附中2022-2023学年度高二第一学期第二次
大练习英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1.Whose book is it?
A. John’s. B. The man’s. C. The woman’s sister’s.
2.Why is the woman worried?
A. She failed the exam. B. Her mother will scold her. C. She didn’t achieve her goal.
3.When will the bookshelf be delivered?
A. This Thursday. B. On weekdays. C. On weekends.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. High labor costs in America. B. A way of life in America. C. Living conditions in America.
5.What’s the weather usually like in Minnesota during Christmas?
A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Friends. C. Strangers.
7.What does the man agree to do?
A. Climb the tower. B. See the church. C. Visit the gallery.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What does Jane want to do?
A. Apply for a job. B. Attend Mrs. Smith’s class. C. Study in the man’s university.
9.What will Mrs. Smith do today?
A. Give lessons. B. See her schoolmate. C. Have a talk with Jane.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What are the speakers talking about?
A. Travel plans. B. Famous adventurers. C. Extreme climates.
11.What has the woman paid close attention to?
A. Weather reports. B. Historical events. C. Mountain-climbing tips.
12.What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man once was a professional trainer.
B. The man was good at taking photos.
C. The man visited Pakistan.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What will be due on June 14th?
A. The personal data forms.
B. The basketball club activities.
C. The after-class activity application.
14.On what day should the students hand in three photos?
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.
15.When will the basketball club meeting begin?
A. At 12:45 p.m. B. At 1:30 p.m. C. At 1:45 p.m.
16.Where are the students supposed to be on the 18th during the lunch break?
A. At the stadium. B. In the computer room. C. In the office.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What is the speaker?
A. A guide. B. A teacher. C. A coach.
18.What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Factors deciding the choice of goods.
B. Consumers’ choice of cars.
C. Products with high quality.
19.What do people think of reliability nowadays?
A. It’s getting more attention. B. It’s still important. C. It’s the deciding factor.
20.Where can people get access to more information?
A. From newspapers. B. From a book. C. From a website.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hey everyone! Welcome back to Wonders on the Earth. What follows are just a few of the global destinations given World Heritage status by UNESCO. They could be your family’s next vacation.
Wildlife Wonders
The Okavango Delta in northern Botswana is one of southern Africa’s biggest and most biodiverse freshwater watersheds (流域) and a dream destination for animal lovers of all ages. It sustains the planet’s most endangered animals, including the largest remaining elephant population, cheetahs, African wild dogs, wattled cranes, and great white pelicans.
Fairy Chimneys
Central Turkey’s Göreme National Park is a dry region of volcanic stone that takes fantastic forms, which often called fairy chimneys (仙女烟囱). Some of the most striking sights are villages carved into the volcanic stone. The Göreme Open Air Museum, valley hikes, cave hotels, hot air balloon rides, and guided tours are highlights for all ages.
The Earliest Mummies
Wrapped simply in reeds and decorated with hair and clay masks, Chile’s Chinchorro mummies are 2,000 years older than Egypt’s. At San Miguel de Azapa Archaeological Museum, only a few of the 300 samples are on view, while at Colón 10, visitors can see 48 mummies buried in the earth through a glass floor.
Dinosaur Fossils
Dinosaur Provincial Park in Canada gives some paleontologists (古生物学者) a chance to explore landscapes. Although visitors are not permitted to dig in this fragile environment, the park offers a full schedule of family-friendly fossil tours, guided activities, and dinosaur displays. Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs inhabited this region.
1. Which of the following highlights the Okavango Delta?
A. Rare freshwater fishes. B. Beautiful villages.
C. Diverse wildlife species. D. Striking views of mountains.
2. Which of the following can be experienced at night?
A. Fairy Chimneys. B. Dinosaur Fossils.
C. Wildlife Wonders. D. The Earliest Mummies.
3. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A history book. B. An art magazine.
C. A geography textbook. D. A travel brochure.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的几个全球景点的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wildlife Wonders部分的“The Okavango Delta in northern Botswana is one of southern Africa’s biggest and most biodiverse freshwater watersheds (流域) and a dream destination for animal lovers of all ages. It sustains the planet’s most endangered animals, including the largest remaining elephant population, cheetahs, African wild dogs, wattled cranes, and great white pelicans. (博茨瓦纳北部的Okavango Delta是南部非洲最大、生物多样性最强的淡水流域之一，也是各个年龄段动物爱好者的理想目的地。它供养着地球上最濒危的动物，包括现存最大的大象种群、猎豹、非洲野狗、垂头鹤和大白鹈鹕)”可知，Okavango Delta的亮点是多样化的野生物种。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dinosaur Fossils部分的“Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs inhabited this region. (家庭可以在星空下露营，梦想着这个地区有各种恐龙栖息的日子)”可知，在Dinosaur Fossils，游客可以进行夜间露营。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“What follows are just a few of the global destinations given World Heritage status by UNESCO. They could be your family’s next vacation. (以下是联合国教科文组织授予世界遗产地位的几个全球目的地。它们可能是你家人的下一个假期)”和四处景点的介绍可知，富有魅力的奥卡万戈三角洲、奇特的“仙女烟囱”、古老的新克罗木乃伊和史前恐龙栖息地不仅是联合国教科文组织世界遗产的一部分，也是人们的度假胜地；由此可推测，本文有可能出现在一本旅游手册上。故选D项。
B

FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 is now a hot blooded carnival for fans around the world for 28 days. It’s the first World Cup held by a country that has not participated in the World Cup before, and also the first time to be held in a Middle Eastern country.
First let’s talk about its mascot, La’eeb, shaped like a walking headscarf, is an avatar (化身)with no fixed shape. This Arabic word means a highly skilled player. The mascot wears a rope and is soft, whose body can make various and difficult movements at will-it gives fans full imagination. The design of the mascot is very novel and this playful image is loved by many fans. Its facial expression is full of determination with an inspirational, upward and positive attitude, just like a strong-willed athlete who never gets discouraged in the face of difficulties.
Considering the high temperature of about 50 degrees in Qatar in summer will affect the athletes’ competitive status, this World Cup is the first time to be held in the northern hemisphere in winter. To successfully hold this World Cup, Qatar has invested heavily in the construction of venues and supporting transportation, communication, accommodation, even with over 1,000 luxurious Bedouin-style tents in the desert, etc. Service facilities, with a total investment of 220bn US dollars, make it the most expensive World Cup game at present.
This World Cup will even be the very first carbon-neutral tournament, and the organizer has prepared a total of 8 stadiums, all built to be energy efficient. One of our favorites is Stadium 974， the first fully demountable (可拆卸) stadium, built using 974 shipping containers, whose number also happens to be Qatar’s country code. The opening game and the final match will be held in the same stadium-Lusail Stadium. Moreover, thanks to Qatar’s efficient public transportation, football fans will need just under one hour of traveling time between stadiums. So if you want to, you can watch more than two games in one day and experience the World Cup like never before.
And the World Cup finale will take place on December the 18th, also Qatar’s National Day. So expect fireworks all around. And let’s have a blast together!
4. What makes the host country so special?
A. Diverse religions. B. Extremely high temperature.
C. Richness in oil. D. First participation in the World Cup.
5 Which of the following is TRUE about the mascot?
A. It is named after a sport. B. It looks inspiring and encouraging.
C. It is a traditional Arabic design. D. It could not be transformed at all.
6. Why is the huge investment mentioned in this passage?
A. To attract visitors all over the world.
B. To criticize the giant waste by the host.
C. To show off the great wealth of the host.
D. To highlight its commitment to the event.
7. What does the underlined word “blast” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Criticism. B. Explosion.
C. Good time. D. Loud noise.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯准备工作。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s the first World Cup held by a country that has not participated in the World Cup before, and also the first time to be held in a Middle Eastern country.(这是第一次世界杯由一个从未参加过世界杯的国家举办，也是第一次在中东国家举办)”可知，卡塔尔在此之前从未参加过世界杯。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Its facial expression is full of determination with an inspirational, upward and positive attitude, just like a strong-willed athlete who never gets discouraged in the face of difficulties.(它的面部表情充满了决心，充满了鼓舞人心、向上、积极向上的态度，就像一个意志坚强的运动员，在困难面前从不气馁)”可知，吉祥物看起来很鼓舞人心。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“This World Cup will even be the very first carbon-neutral tournament, and the organizer has prepared a total of 8 stadiums, all built to be energy efficient.(这届世界杯甚至将是第一届碳中和比赛，组织者总共准备了8个体育场，所有场馆都是节能的)”、“Moreover, thanks to Qatar’s efficient public transportation, football fans will need just under one hour of traveling time between stadiums.(此外，由于卡塔尔高效的公共交通，球迷在体育场之间的旅行时间只需不到一个小时)”和第三段“To successfully hold this World Cup, Qatar has invested heavily in the construction of venues and supporting transportation, communication, accommodation, even with over 1,000 luxurious Bedouin-style tents in the desert, etc.(为成功举办本届世界杯，卡塔尔在场馆建设及配套交通、通讯、住宿等方面投入巨资，甚至在沙漠中搭建了1000多顶豪华贝都因帐篷等)”可推断，文章中提到巨大的投资，以此表明卡塔尔是非常重视此次世界杯的，强调其对活动的承诺。故选D。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“And the World Cup finale will take place on December the 18th, also Qatar’s National Day. So expect fireworks all around.(世界杯决赛将在12月18日举行，这天也是卡塔尔的国庆日。所以期待周围的烟花吧)”可知，12月18日这一天很精彩，所以让我们一起开心快乐吧。由此推知，划线词blast与Good time(美好时光)意思接近。故选C。
C
From ancient times, Chinese people love food made of flour, like dumplings, noodles, and pancakes, to name just a few. And in the hands of skilled artisans, flour can be made into lovely models of people or animals to be enjoyed and played with, which brings a unique kind of pleasure. This art form is called dough figurine (面塑). Among the various art styles of dough figurines, Beijing’s Dough Figurine Lang is a unique folk art, which is filled with the rich history and customs of the capital city. In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage.
It was created by Lang Shao’an. Most of the dough figurines are animals and characters from legends,historical stories,and local operas. The finished product is either put at the end of a thin stick or on a table for display. Some are mostly for children to eat or play with, with simple forms and vivid decorations, while some are fine pieces of artwork for display only. For this reason, during the making process they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to better preserve the finished products.
Lang Jiaziyu, born in 1995, is the third-generation inheritor of Dough Figurine Lang. When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots shaped dough figurines which were highly praised. He looks a bit more fashionable than other folk artisans. In his skilled hands, pop culture icons are popular with young people.
Like most of the other intangible cultural heritage handicrafts in China, Dough Figurine Lang does not get as much attention from the public. Few young people are willing to take the time to master a skill that does not make money, which has led to a decline in the number of those who are committed to the handicraft. Good handicrafts need the devotion of artisans from one generation to another.
8. What is special about Dough Figurine Lang?
A. It reflects Beijing’s history and culture.
B. It is created by many famous artists.
C. It shows people’s lifestyles and welfare.
D. It is popular with both tourists and the locals.
9. Why do artisans add additives to dough figurines?
A. To make them taste more delicious.
B. To keep their colors brighter and lasting longer.
C. To help shape dough into various forms.
D. To better preserve their finished products.
10. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. Suggestions for other folk artisans.
B. Lang Jiaziyu’s accomplishments as an artisan.
C. Different art styles of dough figurines.
D. The popularity of modern dough figurines.
11. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To call on more people to master such a skill.
B. To appeal to people to buy the dough figurines.
C. To persuade people to protect national cultural heritage.
D. To teach people some ways to appreciate the handicraft.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍物质文化遗产北京面人郎和代表艺术家的成就，希望能呼吁更多人关注和保护面塑艺术。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Among the various art styles of dough figurines, Beijing’s Dough Figurine Lang is a unique folk art, which is filled with the rich history and customs of the capital city.（在面塑的各种艺术风格中，北京的面人郎是一种独特的民间艺术，充满了首都丰富的历史和风俗。）”可知，北京面塑是一种独特的民间艺术，蕴含着北京丰富的历史和风俗。故面塑的特别之处在于其反映了首都的风情文化。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“For this reason, during the making process they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to better preserve the finished products.（因此，在制作过程中，它们通常与添加剂混合，以更好地保存成品。）”可知，使用添加剂能够更好的保存成品。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Lang Jiaziyu, born in 1995, is the third-generation inheritor of Dough Figurine Lang. When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots shaped dough figurines which were highly praised. He looks a bit more fashionable than other folk artisans. In his skilled hands, pop culture icons are popular with young people.（1995年出生的郎佳子彧是面人郎的第三代传承人。15岁时，他创作了北京奥运吉祥物形状的面塑，受到了高度赞扬。他看起来比其他民间艺人更时髦。在他熟练的手中，流行文化偶像深受年轻人的欢迎。）”可知本段主要介绍了郎佳子彧在面塑方面的成就。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后两句“Among the various art styles of dough figurines, Beijing’s Dough Figurine Lang is a unique folk art, which is filled with the rich history and customs of the capital city. In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage.（在面塑的各种艺术风格中，北京的面人郎是一种独特的民间艺术，充满了首都丰富的历史和风俗。2008年，被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。）”可知，本文主要介绍这一种文化遗产。且最后一段“Good handicrafts need the devotion of artisans from one generation to another.（好的手工艺品需要一代又一代工匠的奉献。）”可知，本文目的是通过介绍面塑来引起人们对其重视，以呼吁更多人来传承和保护它。故选C项。
D
Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the new technological frontier. However, a set of challenges and hurdles need to be overcome, including things like low latency, high refresh rate, high resolution, a wide field of view and rock solid tracking, among others.
Now that we can actually build VR headsets that begin to meet these requirements, we are seeing a rising interest in VR. As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced in using virtual reality. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it?
By using VR, the consumer isn’t just reading or watching something play out; they’re experiencing it. The super-realistic effect nature of VR allows people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. Any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the sheer power of VR.
The question of virtual reality, though, is not how powerful it is. It is apparent that the question of VR is one of viability and availability. Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces. If the tools to tell a story with VR aren’t easy to pick up and learn, VR will fail. If VR technology isn’t both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail.
Accessibility is one concern for Thomas Hallaq, assistant professor of journalism and mass communications. However, he thinks it’s still very promising. Hallaq said, “We’re seeing more technology become accessible, and more people having access to that technology. Just look at smartphones.” If the technology is widely available and companies like Oculus, Samsung, HTC and Valve can overcome the inherent hurdles, VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling. Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories.
12. Why is VR considered a powerful tool for journalism?
A. Because of its improved headsets. B. Because of its fast delivering speed.
C. Because of its entertaining effect. D. Because of its immersive nature.
13. What is the biggest challenge for VR in terms of a journalism tool?
A. Technical barriers. B. Easy access.
C. News sources. D. Public acceptance.
14. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of VR technology?
A. Optimistic. B. Indifferent.
C. Pessimistic. D. Concerned.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Ways to improve storytelling ability
B. Secrets of the increasing popularity of VR
C. VR: the future of storytelling
D. Challenges and hurdles of VR
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虚拟现实(VR)技术在新闻领域的应用，虽然存在一定的问题，但有很好的前景。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it? (新闻是建立在相关性基础上的媒介。记者应该一直寻找新的方式来讲述故事和传递内容。这是讲故事的金矿。还有什么比把一个人放在故事的中心更好的方法呢？)”和第三段中的“By using VR, the consumer isn’t just reading or watching something play out; they’re experiencing it. The super-realistic effect nature of VR allows people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. (通过使用VR，消费者不仅仅是阅读或观看游戏；他们正在体验它。虚拟现实的超现实效果使人们能够在比阅读更深层次的层面上与主题联系起来)”可知，虚拟现实能让人们更深层次体验故事，自己去体验故事，可得出虚拟现实被认为是新闻的强大工具是因为人们可以身临其境。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces. (讲故事必须很容易，而且这些故事的访问必须很容易。这是VR面临的最大挑战)”可知，虚拟现实面临的最大挑战是人们是否容易获得它。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“If the technology is widely available and companies like Oculus, Samsung, HTC and Valve can overcome the inherent hurdles, VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling. Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories. (如果这项技术得到广泛应用，Oculus、三星、HTC和Valve等公司能够克服固有的障碍，VR将成功成为一种令人满意的讲故事的手段。就像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式)”可推知，作者对VR技术的未来持积极态度。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段中的“As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced in using virtual reality. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. It is a goldmine for storytelling. What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it? (随着虚拟现实的兴起，人们对创造新媒体体验虚拟现实的兴趣也在增加。新闻是建立在相关性之上的媒体。记者应该一直寻找新的方式来讲述故事和传递内容。这是讲故事的金矿。还有什么比把一个人放在故事的中心更好的方法呢)”，第三段中的“The super-realistic effect nature of VR allows people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. Any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the sheer power of VR. (虚拟现实的超现实效果使人们能够在比阅读更深层次的层面上与主题联系起来。任何想做比同龄人更有趣的事情的故事讲述者都应该考虑VR的强大威力)”和最后一段中的“Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, virtual reality will change the way we tell stories. (就像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式)”和其他内容可知，文章主要说明了虚拟现实(VR)技术在新闻领域的应用，虽然存在一定的问题，但有很好的前景，可得出C选项“VR：讲故事的未来”最符合文章标题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Could you remember what the first thing you do each day? The first thing I do when I wake up in the morning is check my phone. And I’ll keep doing that throughout the entire day until I go back to bed. If, like me, a lot of your technology habits are automatic, you may not even be aware of your behavior. ____16____ But with some efforts, you can engage with the digital world in a way that’s appropriate for you. Here’s how to get started:
____17____ Try turning off push notifications and deleting social media apps from your phone to create natural obstacles to access them. Of course sometimes there are people you know you want to keep up with and usually connect with on a particular platform. In this case, let them know how they can stay in touch.
Whatever you do, don’t go to bed with your phone. ____18____ Sleeping without smart phones improves sleep, relationships, focus and well-being, and increases happiness and quality of life. So charging your phone somewhere else could help you experience those benefits.
Get to know yourself again by reinvesting in your hobbies. You can start by shutting down your social media for about a week, and then slowly find your favorite apps one at a time over the following weeks. This will help you figure out which apps are contributing to your life and which aren’t. Make a list of activities you enjoy and people you like hanging out with. ____19____
The goal with digital minimalism isn’t to figure out how to live without social media or the Internet. ____20____ Technology should enhance your life, not distract you from it.
A. Set some basic boundaries.
B. It can be difficult to change.
C. It gives you an opportunity to grow in ways.
D. Ask yourself how you feel when you’re using social media.
E. When you feel the urge to grab your phone, try one of those hobbies.
F. It’s not ideal to put your phone next to the pillow to charge when sleeping.
G. In a word, you should be intentional about when and how we use social media.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何以适当的方式参与数字世界给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
空前“And I’ll keep doing that throughout the entire day until I go back to bed. If, like me, a lot of your technology habits are automatic, you may not even be aware of your behavior. (我会一整天都这样做，直到我回到床上。如果像我一样，你的很多技术习惯都是自动产生的，你可能甚至都没有意识到自己的行为)”提到了使用手机的不良习惯。结合空后“But with some efforts, you can engage with the digital world in a way that’s appropriate for you. (但通过一些努力，你可以以一种适合你的方式参与数字世界)”可知，空处与后文构成转折关系，指出上文提到的不良习惯可能难以改变。B项“It can be difficult to change.(这可能难以改变)”符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Try turning off push notifications and deleting social media apps from your phone to create natural obstacles to access them.(试着关闭推送通知，删除手机上的社交媒体应用，为访问它们制造天然障碍)”可知，本段建议我们关闭一些社交媒体应用。A项“Set some basic boundaries.(设定一些基本界限)”符合题意。故选A。
【18题详解】
空前“Whatever you do, don’t go to bed with your phone.(无论你做什么，都不要拿着手机睡觉)”提到不要拿着手机睡觉。结合空后“Sleeping without smart phones improves sleep, relationships, focus and well-being, and increases happiness and quality of life. (不带智能手机睡觉可以改善睡眠、人际关系、注意力和幸福感，提高幸福感和生活质量)”推知，空处陈述拿着手机，或把手机放在身边睡觉的坏处。F项“It’s not ideal to put your phone next to the pillow to charge when sleeping.(睡觉时把手机放在枕头旁边充电并不理想)”符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Make a list of activities you enjoy and people you like hanging out with. (列出你喜欢的活动和喜欢一起出去玩的人)”可知，列出这些后，当我们有玩手机的冲动时，就可以参考列出的清单，尝试做自己喜欢的事情。E项“When you feel the urge to grab your phone, try one of those hobbies.(当你有想要拿起手机的冲动时，试试其他的爱好吧)”符合题意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The goal with digital minimalism isn’t to figure out how to live without social media or the Internet.(数字极简主义的目标不是弄清楚如何在没有社交媒体或互联网的情况下生活)”推知，空处应陈述什么才是真正的数字极简主义。G项“In a word, you should be intentional about when and how we use social media.(总之，你应该有意识地了解我们何时以及如何使用社交媒体)”符合题意，指出真正的数字极简主义是有意识的了解何时以及如何使用社交媒体。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One of my first international trips as an adult was traveling around the Caribbean (加勒比海). I____21____ my hotel in Jamaica (牙买加) and asked for a recommendation for a local place to eat. The receptionist told me that under no ____22____ should I go into the town because it was really____23____
I____24____ my options: Did I really want to spend all my time on the beach without getting to know a single ____25____? I was a very____26____ traveler and very young, but there was only one answer to my question: Absolutely not. So out I went.
The poverty hit me in the face. After only seeing fancy resorts, the reality was hard to ____27____. A few locals ____28____ me and were super curious as to what I was doing there alone since most tourists did not go there. I told them I was interested in meeting them and experiencing their____29____. And just like that, I was _____30_____. After meeting more natives, _____31_____ home-made food, and dancing the night away, I realized how they wanted to make me feel welcome and they _____32_____ did. With having so little, they still shared it with me in a gesture of generosity.
I could not resist to think about how tourist income_____33_____ sharply for big companies annually while the local inhabitants have to be thankful if they get a job that pays minimum wage. From then on, I always looked for locally owned accommodation, restaurants, guides, and_____34_____. Sustainable development, with everything it involves, became a motto for me and changed the very _____35_____ of the way I travel.
21. A. checked on B. checked into C. checked out D. checked over
22. A. obligation B. control C. illusions D. circumstances
23. A. warm B. mild C. dangerous D. harmless
24. A. considered B. interpreted C. remembered D. marked
25. A. tourist B. guard C. guide D. local
26. A. unqualified B. ignorant C. inexperienced D. innocent
27. A. suffer B. swallow C. persist D. strike
28. A. approached B. recognized C. upset D. forgave
29. A. pain B. careers C. culture D. tastes
30. A. excluded B. praised C. respected D. embraced
31. A. sampling B. wasting C. stuffing D. packing
32. A. abnormally B. undeniably C. generally D. strangely
33. A. adjusts B. limits C. promotes D. rises
34. A. facilities B. souvenirs C. plants D. communities
35. A. harmony B. border C. essence D. delicacy
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文，主题语境是人与社会。一次在牙买加的旅游经历，让作者感受到了当地人的热情款待，改变了作者旅行方式的本质。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我住进了我在牙买加的酒店，要求推荐一个当地吃饭的地方。A. check on核实，检查；B. check into入住；C. check out退房，结账离开；D. check over核对，核查。check into my hotel (入住我预定的酒店)。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接待员告诉我，我永远不应该进城，因为那里真的很危险。A. obligation义务；B. control控制；C. illusions幻想；D. circumstances环境。根据下文“because it was really_3_”说明不能进城。under no circumstances (决不)。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. warm温暖的；B. mild温和的，和善的；C. dangerous危险的；D. harmless无害的。酒店接待员不建议作者进城，推断城里治安不好，很危险。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地想了想：我真的想把所有的时间都花在沙滩上而不认识一个当地人吗？A. considered考虑；B. interpreted解释；C. remembered记得；D. marked标记。根据下文“Did I really want to spend all my time on the beach without getting to know a single ____5____ ?”可知作者是在认真考虑自己的选择。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. tourist游客；B. guard警卫；C. guide导游；D. local当地人。关注同词复现。根据下文“I told them I was interested in meeting them(我告诉他们，我有兴趣与他们见面)”可知，主人公想通过结识当地人，感受当地的风土人情。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个非常缺乏经验的旅行者，非常年轻，但我的问题只有一个答案：绝对不能这样。A. unqualified不合格的；B. ignorant无知的；C. inexperienced没有经验的；D. innocent无辜的。根据下文“very young”可知，作者很年轻，所以是非常没有经验的旅行者。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在只看到了豪华度假村后，现实很难接受。A. suffer遭受；B. swallow吞下；C. persist坚持；D. strike罢工。根据上文“The poverty hit me in the face. (贫穷打了我的脸)”和下文“A few locals ____8____ me and were super curious as to what I was doing there alone since most tourists did not go there.(有几个当地人……我，对我在他们镇上做什么感到非常好奇，因为大多数游客都没有来他们这里)”可知，当地非常贫穷，对比作者以往旅行中看到豪华度假村的繁华，这里贫穷的现实景象让人难以接受，hard to swallow (难以接受，难以下咽)。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有几个当地人走到我身边，对我在他们镇上做什么感到非常好奇，因为大多数游客都没有来他们这里。A. approached接近；B. recognized认可；C. upset不安；D. forgave宽恕。根据下文“were super curious as to what I was doing there”和“I told them I was interested in meeting them(我告诉他们，我有兴趣与他们见面)”可知，作者与当地人交流，说明当地人走近了作者（与作者接触）。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他们我有兴趣认识他们，体验他们的文化。A. pain疼痛；B. careers职业；C. culture文化；D. tastes口味。根据下文“After meeting more natives, ____11____ home-made food, and dancing the night away(我见到了更多的当地人，……一些食物，然后我们跳了一夜舞)”可知作者是在体验当地人的文化。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就这样，我被欣然接受了。A. excluded排除；B. praised称赞；C. respected尊敬；D. embraced欣然接受、拥抱。根据下文“With having so little, they still shared it with me in a gesture of generosity.(虽然只有这么少，但他们还是以慷慨的姿态与我分享)”说明作者是被接受了。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我见到了更多的当地人，品尝了一些食物，然后我们跳了一夜舞。A. sampling取样，品尝；B. wasting浪费；C. stuffing填料，填满；D. packing包装，打包。此处指作者品尝了当地人自制的食物。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到他们想让我感到受欢迎，而且他们绝对做到了。A. abnormally异常地；B. undeniably不可否认地；C. generally一般地；D. strangely奇怪地。根据上文“After meeting more natives, ___11____ home-made food, and dancing the night away(我见到了更多的当地人，品尝了一些食物，然后我们跳了一夜舞)”和“With having so little, they still shared it with me in a gesture of generosity.(虽然只有这么少，但他们还是以慷慨的姿态与我分享)”可知作者感到了受欢迎，而不可否认的是，他们确实做到了。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不禁想到的就是大公司的旅游收入每年都会大幅增长，而当地居民如果能找到一份最低工资的工作，就必须心存感激。A. adjusts调整；B. limits限制；C. promotes促进；D. rises上升。此处指大公司旅游收入大幅增长，与下文当地居民微薄工资形成鲜明对比，突出作者感慨牙买加贫富不均的现状。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我总是寻找当地人拥有的酒店、餐馆、导游和纪念品。A. facilities设施；B. souvenirs纪念品；C. plants植物；D. communities社区。作者旅游时都会寻找当地人经营的住宿、餐厅、导游和纪念品，以期通过消费增加当地居民的收入。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：可持续发展，包括一切，成为我的座右铭，并改变了我旅行方式的本质。A. harmony和谐；B. border边界；C. essence本质；D. delicacy脆弱。根据上文“Sustainable development, with everything it involves, became a motto for me”可知作者旅行方式的本质是可持续发展以及它所涉及的一切。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As motion control technologies have advanced, surgical-assistance robots have become more accurate. Some surgical robots may even be able to complete tasks ____36____ (autonomous), allowing surgeons____37____ (oversee) procedures from an operation desk.
Surgeries performed with robotics assistance fall into two main categories: The ability to share a video feed from the operating room to other locations, near or far, ____38____ (allow) surgeons to benefit from other ____39____ (specialist) in their field. As a result, patients have the best surgeons involved in their procedures.
The field of surgical robotics is evolving to make greater use of AI. Computer vision enables surgical robots to distinguish between types of cells within____40____ (they) field of view. For example, ____41____ surgical robots now have is the ability to help surgeons avoid nerves and muscles during procedures. High-definition 3D computer vision can provide surgeons ____42____ detailed information and enhanced performance during procedures. Eventually, robots will be able to take over small sub-procedures, such as____43____ (sew) up the open parts of a wound, under the watchful gaze of the surgeon.
Robotics also plays____44____ key role in surgeon education. Such platforms use AI and virtual reality to provide surgical robotics training_____45_____ surgeons practice procedures and sharpen skills using robotics controls.
【答案】36. autonomously
37. to oversee
38. allows 39. specialists
40. their 41. what
42. with 43. sewing
44. a 45. where
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了随着移动控制技术的进步，辅助外科手术的机器人在医疗领域的进步和发展。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：一些手术机器人甚至可能能够自主完成任务，允许外科医生从手术台监督程序。根据句意可知，此处修饰的动词complete，使用副词作状语。故填autonomously。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些手术机器人甚至可能能够自主完成任务，允许外科医生从手术台监督程序。分析句子结构可知，此处填非谓语动词，allow sb to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，所以此处填不定式结构做宾补。故填to oversee。
【38题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：将视频源从手术室共享到远近的其他位置的能力使外科医生能够从其领域的其他专家中受益。分析句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词形式，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态；结合语意可知，allow与主语间为主动关系；句子主语是ability，谓语是用单数。故填allows。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：将视频源从手术室共享到远近的其他位置的能力使外科医生能够从其领域的其他专家中受益。other后面应该跟名词复数。故填specialists。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：计算机视觉使手术机器人能够区分其视野内的细胞类型。此空处后面为名词，所以填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：例如，手术机器人现在拥有的是帮助外科医生在手术过程中避开神经和肌肉的能力。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填连词引导主语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词have的宾语，指事。故填what。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：高清3D计算机视觉可以为外科医生提供详细信息，并在手术过程中提高性能。根据句意可知，此处考查的是provide sb. with sth. 意为“给某人提供某物”。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最终，机器人将能够在外科医生的注视下接管小型子程序，例如缝合伤口的开放部分。such as意为“例如”，其中的as为介词，其后用sew的动名词形式作宾语。故填sewing。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：机器人技术在外科医生教育中也起着关键作用。固定搭配play a role in…意为 “在……中发挥作用”，所以填不定冠词，且key的发音为辅音音素开头。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：这些平台使用人工智能和虚拟现实来提供手术机器人培训，外科医生使用机器人控制练习程序并提高技能。分析句子结构可知，此处填连词引导定语从句修饰先行词training，定语从句中不缺少主语和宾语，结合句意可知缺少状语，先行词为地点名词，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Simon打算来长沙一日游，想请你帮忙为他制定一份旅行计划，请你写一封邮件给Simon，向他描述你制定的旅行计划。内容应包括：
1. 简要介绍一下长沙这座城市；
2. 详细介绍旅行计划的内容。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Simon,
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Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Simon,
Knowing that you will come to Changsha, I hope you have a smooth journey in my hometown, which is an ancient city rich in history and culture.
In your one-day-trip, in the morning, I’d like to show you the main attraction—the Yuelu Mountain. We’ll climb to the top and get a bird’s-eye view of the magnificent city. After lunch, we plan to head to a more modern sight—the pedestrian mall, where we’ll do some souvenir shopping and try the local snacks. At sunset, we’ll walk along the river scenic belt.
I hope you are excited about this travel plan
Yours,
Li hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Simon写信，告诉他一日游的计划，并简要介绍长沙这座城市。
【详解】1.词汇积累
丰富的：rich→abundant
宏伟的：magnificent→splendid
计划去做某事：plan to do sth.→mean to do sth.
当地的：local→native
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In your one-day-trip, in the morning, I’d like to show you the main attraction—the Yuelu Mountain.
拓展句：In your one-day-trip in the morning, I’d like to show you the main attraction—the Yuelu Mountain, which is famous far and near.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing that you will come to Changsha, I hope you have a smooth journey in my hometown, which is an ancient city rich in history and culture. (运用了现在分词短语作状语，that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]After lunch, we plan to head to a more modern sight—the pedestrian mall, where we’ll do some souvenir shopping and try the local snacks. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I took what I could get-a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen-teaching English.
School started. I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class. The students were only six years younger than me. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love for the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs(纸团)and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college, I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. As the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. But in fact, humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem to be reasonable. By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster, known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.
My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls filed(锉) their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn’t happening and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes, he left silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes. I felt mildly proud that I got through the rest of class without crying, but at my next free period, I knew I had to face him.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After class, I walked to his office, took a deep breath and opened the door.
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Inspired by his advice, I walked toward the classroom, determined to make a change.
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【答案】参考范文
After class, I walked to his office, took a deep breath and opened the door. My boss was sitting in his chair with a poker face, gazing at me silently. I was wondering if he would fire me right away. Instead of saying anything, he handed me a letter, which added to my anxiety at that moment. However, my eyes were wide open when I read it. It was not an unemployment letter but a letter with several suggestions about teaching, one of which was highlighted in red: An educator should respect students’ feelings. Almost immediately, a surge of warmth rose inside me.
Inspired by his advice, I walked toward the classroom, determined to make a change. The next day, I stood on the platform, eyes wandering across the classroom. I cleared my throat and announced, “Let’s begin with what you think about my literature lesson.” Suddenly, a complete silence fell over the class, with a puzzled look on their faces. I encouraged, “Anything you’d like to say is welcomed!” A ripple of excitement spread through the classroom. The literature class soon amazingly came back to life thanks to their brilliant voices. It was at that time I fully understood what my boss told me: Respecting the students instead of ignoring them will make a difference.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者去了偏远的荒野地区——新泽西西部——教英语，在工作中苦苦挣扎，学生们在教室后面扔纸团，说脏话，而作者的领导也特别严格，最会开除没有经验的老师。领导看到了作者课上学生的众多不良行为后，给了作者建议，作者也因此下定决心做出改变，领悟到尊重学生而不是忽视他们会产生很大影响。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下课后，我走到他的办公室，深吸了一口气，打开了门。”可知，第一段可描写作者面对领导时发生的事情，领导给了作者建议。
②由第二段首句内容“在他的建议的鼓舞下，我走向教室，决心做出改变。”可知，第二段可描写作者收到建议鼓舞后的所作所为，作者开始鼓励学生发言。
2.续写线索：作者来到领导办公室——作者面对领导感到焦虑羞愧——领导给出建议——领导受到鼓舞——作者做出改变——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①递给：hand sb. sth./ pass sth. to sb.
②解雇：fire / kick out
③决心做某事：make up one’s mind to do sth./ be determined to do
情绪类
①困惑：puzzled / confused
②惊奇：amazingly / surprisingly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Anxious and ashamed, I said nothing, wondering if he would fire me right away. (运用了形容词作状语以及if引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] However, my eyes went wide open when I opened it and read the letter. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-20 ACCBABCCAACBCCABBABC