2022-2023学年第一学期八年级英语期末复习卷（10）

这是一份2022-2023学年第一学期八年级英语期末复习卷（10），共20页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完型填空，阅读单选，根据汉语提示填单词，用所给单词的正确形式填空，完成句子，短文首字母填空，话题作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年第一学期八年级英语期末复习卷（10）
（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 选择题
一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
1．—I think English is ________ unimportant subject.
—I don’t think so. It is ________ useful tool when we talk with foreigners.
A．a, an B．an, a C．a, a D．an, an
2．People in the UK say “holiday” while people in the USA say “________”.
A．vacation B．yard C．truck D．soccer
3．—Sam, could you please ________the light for me?
—No problem. I'll also ________the picture for you.
A．put in, put on B．put up, put in C．put in, put up D．put up, put on
4．Everyone should study hard. No one can ________ us ________ a good future.
A．offer, to B．provide, for C．offer, for D．provide, with
5．The sentence structure of “I often hear Simon sing English songs” is ________.
A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO
6．We can call Mr. Li ________ 57684081 or email him ________ lihua@163.com.
A．at; at B．for; on C．at; on D．in; at
7．The number of giant pandas is becoming ______ because there are ______ living areas for wildlife.
A．fewer and fewer; less and less B．smaller and smaller; less and less
C．fewer and fewer; smaller and smaller D．smaller and smaller; fewer and fewer
8．—I’m worried about my English.
—________harder, ________you will catch up with your classmates.
A．Working; and B．To work; or C．Work; and D．Work; or
9．—I'm hungry, Jack! Go and find some bread in the fridge for me.
—Sorry, Mum. I can find ________ in it.
A．none B．nothing C．plenty D．something
10．—I’m going to take the kids to skate.
—________. The kids are too young. It’s dangerous.
A．No problem B．You’d better don’t C．You’d better not D．Never mind
11．—Will David join us?
—He ________ come. You know, he changes his mind so often.
A．should B．need C．may D．must
12．Every one of us should try our best to stop pollution ________ a happier life.
A．to live B．from living C．to living D．live
13．No one speaks English ______ her, so she is chosen to be the host of our school English festival next month.
A．as beautiful as B．as badly as C．worse than D．better than
14．While we ________the crops, it suddenly poured with rain.
A．were harvesting B．harvested C．are harvesting D．harvest
15．—Would you please ________make so much noise?
—________.
A．not; Sorry, I don’t. B．not; Sorry, I won’t. C．don’t; Yes, I will. D．don’t; No, I don’t.
二、完型填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
This story happened in a small mountain village. One day, there was a(n) ____16____. Nothing was destroyed and nobody was hurt. But a huge rock fell from a nearby mountain and stopped in the middle of the road.
When the earthquake ____17____, many people came to the road and saw the huge rock. Some of the strongest men tried to lift the rock ____18____ the road. But they could not move it at all. They tried to push it but ____19____. They tried to pull it with ropes but nothing worked.
“Well,” they all agreed, “There is ____20____ we can do about it. We will have to change the road.”
At this time, a boy of 11 years old said, “I think I can help you to move the rock.”
“You?” they shouted. “What are you talking about?” The men all ____21____ at the boy.
The next morning, some people came into the street. One of them shouted, “The rock is ____22____!” More people ran out to see what happened. It was right. The rock wasn’t in the middle of the road any more. It wasn’t even ____23____ the road.
“This is ____24____,” they said. “Where did it go?”
The boy stood in the street, ____25____. “I told you I could move it last night.”
The boy walked over to where the rock had been and uncovered some ____26____. “I buried it,” he said.
These people looked ____27____. “You see,” he said. “I dug a deep hole next to the rock and a small incline（斜坡）up to the rock, and the rock ____28____ down into the hole by itself. I covered it with earth.”
The crowds shouted, “What a ____29____ boy!” And some of them said, “Why couldn’t we think of this good _____30_____?”
16．A．flood B．snowstorm C．earthquake D．fire
17．A．happened B．ended C．started D．came
18．A．off B．over C．into D．onto
19．A．worked B．failed C．went D．caught
20．A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing
21．A．looked B．laughed C．pointed D．called
22．A．here B．broken C．gone D．missed
23．A．between B．under C．over D．near
24．A．heavy B．dangerous C．strong D．impossible
25．A．crying B．thinking C．smiling D．counting
26．A．grass B．rocks C．earth D．clothes
27．A．surprised B．sad C．relaxed D．nervous
28．A．turned B．rolled C．walked D．cut
29．A．brave B．poor C．handsome D．clever
30．A．hole B．idea C．story D．joke
三、阅读单选(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
A
Young Heroes for the Planet
Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference.

Saving PandasWhen Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says.
Growing Right
Kathy, 14, set up an organization to educate people about growing right plant in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are native to (本土的)their area.
Creating Energy
At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity(电), Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment.
Cleaning Up
Patrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.

31． Who started a group to teach kids about pandas?
A．Jack. B．Kathy. C．Linda. D．Patrick.
32．How old was Linda when she invented SuperE?
A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14.
33．What was the goal of Patrick’s project?
A．To fight plastic pollution. B．To protect pandas in danger
C．To learn about native plants. D．To use heat to make electricity.
B
I’m very thankful to the cat and it always makes me think of the time I was with him. Five years ago, when my father was dying, I travelled a thousand miles from home to be with him in his last days. I felt very sad and it was one of the most difficult and painful times in my life.
After he passed away, I stayed alone in his flat. There were so many things to deal with. I was lonely and I hated the silence of the flat.
But one evening the silence (寂静) was broken: I heard crying outside. I opened the door to find a little cat on the steps. He was thin and poor. He looked the way I felt. I brought him inside and gave him a can of fish. He ate it and then almost immediately fell asleep.
The next morning I checked with neighbors and learned that the cat had been left by his owner. His owner had moved out, so the little cat was there all alone, just like I was. As I walked back to the flat, I tried to work out what to do with him. Having something else to take care of seemed like the very last thing I needed. But as soon as I opened the flat door, he ran to me and jumped into my arms. It was clear from that moment that he didn’t want to go anywhere. I started calling him Willis in order to remember my father’s best friend.
From then on, things grew easier. With Willis in my lap, time seemed to pass much faster. When the time finally came for me to return home, I had to decide what to do about Willis. There was absolutely no way I would leave without him.
It’s been five years since my father died. Over the years, several people have said how nice it was of me to rescue (营救) the cat. But I know that we rescued each other. I may have given him a home but he gave me something greater.
34．As soon as the writer saw the cat, she _________.
A．had pity on him B．showed no interest in him
C．felt very afraid D．felt angry with his crying
35．The cat rescued the writer by ________.
A．telling her what real life was B．helping her tidy the flat every day
C．helping her finish the tasks on time D．making her feel better in her hard times
36．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．The cat didn’t like staying in the writer’s flat.
B．The writer and the cat were both homeless.
C．Willis was also the name of the writer’s father’s friend.
D．The cat was left by his owner because of an accident.
37．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A lovely cat B．My father and a cat
C．What I got from a cat D．How to take care of a cat
C

What are the astronauts’ bedrooms like in a space station? Do water drops fly away when astronauts have a drink? If you have lots of questions about life in space, you should check out the latest lecture (讲座) from space given by three Chinese astronauts (宇航员).
Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu are working on Chin’s Tiangong space station now. They gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth on Dec. 9. Millions of students watched it and learned many amazing science facts. Let’s take a look at some of them.
Use it or lose it
The human body grows with the pull of Earth’s gravity (重力). But in space, our bones and muscles (肌肉) don’t need to support our body’s weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. NASA says that astronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after just a couple of weeks. That is dangerous for astronauts because they will be too weak to work.
Astronauts have different ways to prevent this. During the lecture, Zhai introduced a special uniform Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”. There are many elastic bands (弹力带) inside the suit. Wearing it, astronauts use their muscles to stretch (拉伸) the bands. This keeps their muscles strong.
Wang also showed students how she walked on a treadmill (跑步机) and rode a bicycle. Astronauts exercise with these tools every day to prevent muscle loss.
Space water is different
During another experiment, Wang made a water film (膜). Then she added more water drops onto the film to make it a water ball. This can never happen on Earth. Why?
We need to first understand the surface tension (表面张力) of water. Surface tension is like a “skin” of water. The “skin” is there because water molecules (分子) are drawn to each other. One example on Earth is that some bugs can “walk on water”. Most of the time, gravity is too strong and it breaks the “skin”. But with zero gravity in space, the “skin” stays strong and the water ball will not break.
Water in space acts differently from water on Earth in other ways. For example, water will not flow downward (向下流动) if you try to pour it into a cup. That’s why astronauts usually drink water through straws (吸管) in sealed (密封的) bags. If astronauts cry, the tears will stay on their eyeballs instead of falling down. They have to wipe (擦拭) them away!
38．What can we learn about the lecture from space?
A．It is a part of the astronauts’ daily work.
B．It took place in the International Space Station.
C．It is one of the astronauts’ ways to ask for help.
D．It took place 400 kilometers above Earth.
39．Why might astronauts become weak in space?
A．Because their bodies will stop growing.
B．Because they have to work for long hours.
C．Because they might lose some of their muscles.
D．Because their muscles have to support more weight.
40．What did Zhai show the students during the lecture?
A．A treadmill. B．The “penguin suit”.
C．Earth’s gravity. D．A special elastic band.
41．Which word can best describe the lecture?
A．Eye-opening. B．Dangerous. C．Boring. D．Careless.
D

One day some friends came to me and said, “We’re going to Africa to do business. Why don’t you come with us? We’ll all be rich after this journey!”
How stupid I was! I had an easy, comfortable life in Brazil, but, of course, I agreed. And so in 1659, I went to sea again.
At first, all went well, but then there was a terrible storm. For twelve days the wind and the rain didn’t stop. We lost three men in the sea, and soon the ship had holes in its sides. “We’re all going to die this time,” I said to myself. Then one morning one of the sailors saw land. but the next minute our ship hit some sand just under the sea. The ship could not move and we were really in danger now. The sea was trying to break the ship into pieces, and we had very little time. Quickly, we put a boat into the sea and got off the ship. But the sea was very dangerous and our little boat could not live for long in that wild water.
Half an hour later the angry sea turned our boat over and we were all in the water. I looked round for my friends, but I could see nobody. I was alone.
That day I was lucky, and the sea carried me to the shore. I could not see the land, only mountains of water all around me. Then, suddenly, I felt the ground under my feet. Another mountain of water came, pushed me up the beach, and I fell on the wet sand.
At first I was very thankful to be alive. Slowly, I got to my feet and went higher up the shore. From there, I looked out to sea. I could see our ship, but it was broken and there was nobody near it.
There was nobody in the water. All my friends were dead. I was alive, but in a strange wild country, with no food, no water, and no gun.
It was dark now and I was tired. I was afraid to sleep on the shore. Perhaps there were wild animals there. So I went up into a tree and I stayed there all night.
42．Where was Robinson before he fell into the sea?
A．On a small boat by himself.
B．On a small boat with the other men.
C．On the ship which was stuck in the sand.
D．On the ship which was sinking in the water.
43．Which is the RIGHT order about the ship?
a. The ship was wrecked (被毁掉) in the sea.           b. The ship had some holes in its sides.
c. Robison and the other people left the ship.         d. The ship hit some sand just under the sea.
A．d-c-b-a B．b-d-c-a C．b-c-a-d D．d-a-c-b
44．How did Robinson feel when he found himself alive?
A．Lonely. B．Afraid. C．Thankful. D．Comfortable.
45．How did Robinson protect himself during the first night as he slept?
A．He slept in a tree. B．He built a fence.
C．He went back to the ship. D．He slept holding a gun.
第二部分 非选择题
四、根据汉语提示填单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
46．She is very widely read in ________ (法律).
47．The room was ________ (寂静) except for the TV.
48．Mary coughed a lot with a high ________ (发烧) last night.
49．It is safer to stay at home in such an ________ (可怕的) windy day.
50．Mothers are busy with endless ________ (家务活) day after day.
51．This TV tower is the same ________ (高度) as a hill.
52．It is ________ (有雨的) in Nanjing in summer, so you should take an umbrella.
53．—Is your father a taxi driver?
—Yes. He won’t get ________ (迷路的) in this city because he almost knows every place.
54．The young lady is ________ (描述) her missing child to the police.
55．The little boy is too ________ (紧张的) to say a word on the stage.
五、用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
56．The students turned ________ (excite) after knowing the homework-free holiday.
57．The pens and notes are the ________ (speak). Remember to give back to them.
58．I can understand this Math problem ________ (easy) with your help.
59．The little grandson keeps ________ (ask) many questions all day long.
60．The sunshine and warm wind make me feel ________ (sleep) on the lazy afternoon.
61．Everyone should know the ________ (important) of wetlands.
62．Nanjing is a good place to enjoy ________ (nature) beauty in each season.
63．________ (human) should try to protect animals because they are our friends.
64．The government should stop school bus accidents from ________ (happen) again.
65．It’s ________ (possible) for people to finish the difficult work in such a short time.
六、完成句子(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
66．哦，可怜一下Bill吧，他已经病了整整一周了。
Oh, take ________ Bill—he’s been sick all week.
67．每年成千上万的游客来苏州参观园林，了解文化。
________ come to visit Suzhou gardens and learn about culture every year.
68．我们应该立即采取行动来节约能源。
We should ________ away to save energy.
69．孩子们迫不及待要为他们的篮球队加油喝彩。
The children ________ for their basketball team.
70．苏州博物馆西馆占地3.76万平方米，目前已对公众开放。
Suzhou Museum West, ________ 37,600 square metres, is now open to the public.
七、短文首字母填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. I pictured white lab coats and smoky beakers. I was s____71____ to learn that young people have created many world-changing inventions(发明).
Like 15-year-old Albert Sadacca, who invented Christmas tree lights in 1917, people were hanging candles from a Christmas tree at that time. It might be easy to c____72____ fire. Sadacca’s parents sold electric lighting in their shop. Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees. This turned out to be a pretty bright i____73____.
A____74____ cool kid, the 15-year-old Chester Greenwood was ice-skating one day in 1873. Naturally, as tends to happen during winter play, his ears got cold. Chester had a c____75____ idea. He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned. His design worked well! He invented earmuffs(耳罩). Greenwood’s one good idea p____76____ jobs for people in the Farmington area.
Speaking of cool kids, Margaret E. Knight b____77____ a small-town hero. She made her first life-saving device at the age of 12. Her brothers were working at a cloth factory. One day she was visiting them. A loom(织布机) broke down and injured a worker. She thought she could make the machines safer. She invented an effective(高效的) system. Her method(方法) was later used in many factories. She saved a lot of l____78____.
Some young people feel powerless. They feel like they are living in an adult world, created by adults for adults. But the t____79____ is that everyone has the power to change the world. A 12-year-old girl growing up in 1868 made factories safer. A 15-year-old boy, blind in b____80____ eyes, made written communication more accessible. Who knows what’s in store for your future?
八、话题作文(本大题共15分)
81．一个学期即将结束, 你校英语角将举办以“Looking back on this term”为主题的英文征文活动。请根据以下要点, 回顾一下这个学期的情况。
Study
do better in English, won the first prize in the school English poem competition
Life
make a few friends. . .
Ability
be good at DIY. . .
Activity
join the Animal Protection Society. . .
Hope
…

注意：1．词数80左右, 短文需包含表格中的要点并做适当发挥。
2．短文已给出的部分不计入词数。
3．语意通顺, 段落清晰, 书写规范。
4．文中不得出现真实姓名, 校名等信息。Looking back on this term
How time flies! It's near the end of this term. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案与解析
1．B
【详解】句意：——我认为英语是一门不重要的科目。——我不那样认为，当我们同外国人谈话时它是一种有用的工具。根据句意，空一表示泛指，且unimportant以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an；空二也表示泛指，且useful以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。故选B。
2．A
【详解】句意：英国人说“holiday”，而美国人说“vacation”。
考查名词辨析。vacation假日；yard院子；truck卡车；soccer足球。holiday“假日”与vacation含义相同。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：——山姆, 你能帮安装上灯吗?——没问题。我也为你贴上画。
考查动词词组。put in安装；put on 穿上,展出；put up张贴。根据第一空后的the light可知应搭配put in,表示安装电灯；根据第二空后的the picture可知应搭配put up,表示张贴画。故选C。
4．D
【详解】句意：每个人都应该努力学习。没有人能为我们提供一个美好的未来。
考查动词短语及动词辨析。provide提供，构成短语是provide sth.for sb.=provide sb. with sth.“提供某人某物”；offer提供，构成短语是offer sb sth=offer sth to sb“提供某人某物”；根据“No one can...us...a good future.”可知，此处符合provide sb. with sth.的结构，故选D。
5．B
【详解】句意：“我经常听到西蒙唱英语歌”这句话的结构是什么。
考查基本句型。hear sb. do sth. “听到某人做某事”，hear是谓语动词，Simon是宾语，sing English song是宾语补足语，因此这句话属于简单句中典型的“主语S+及物动词V+宾语DO+宾语补足语OC”句式，故选B。
6．A
【详解】句意：我们可以按照57684081这个电话号码给李先生打电话或按照lihua@163.com.这个电子邮箱给他发电子邮件。
考查固定搭配。call sb. at+号码，意思为“按照(号码)给某人打电话”；call for呼吁，要求；call in拜访；email sb. at+邮件地址，意思为“按照……给某人发电子邮件”。根据“call Mr. Li … 57684081 or email him …lihua@163.com”可知空格处都应用at；故选A。
7．D
【详解】句意：大熊猫的数量越来越少，因为野外生存环境越来越少。
考查形容词辨析及比较级。“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越……”，few很少的，修饰可数名词；little很少的，修饰不可数名词；small小的，通常表示面积、体积小或者数量少。第一个空表示数量少，用small，排除A和C；第二个空修饰可数名词area，用few。故选D。
8．C
【详解】句意：——我很担心我的英语。——更加努力学习，你将会追赶上你的同学。
考查祈使句。根据句意并结合选项可知没有转折含义，故排除or（B和D选项）。and前后连接的是两个完整的句子。前半句没有主语，故用祈使句（动词原形开头），故选C。
9．A
【详解】句意：——我很饿，Jack！去冰箱里给我找一些面包。——对不起，妈妈。我在里面什么都没找到。
考查不定代词辨析。none没有一个，表示全部否定；nothing什么都没有；plenty大量，许多；something某物。根据“sorry”可知在冰箱中没有找到面包。数量为零。故选A。
10．C
【详解】句意：——我要带着孩子们去滑冰。——你最好不。孩子们都太小了。这是很危险的。
考查情景交际，No problem没问题；You’d better don’t本身有语法错误；You’d better not你最好不；Never mind从不介意。根据前句句意“我要带着孩子们去滑冰”和后句句意“孩子们都太小了。这是很危险的”，可知要回答“你最好不”，故选C。
11．C
【详解】句意：——大卫会加入我们吗？——他可能会来。你知道的，他经常改变主意。
考查情态动词。should应该；need需要；may可能；must必须。根据“he changes his mind so often”可知，说话人不确定大卫会不会来，因此用may表示“可能”符合语境。故选C。
12．A
【详解】句意：我们每个人都应该尽最大努力阻止污染来过上更幸福的生活。
考查非谓语动词。根据“try our best to stop pollution ... a happier life”可知，阻止污染的目的是为了过更幸福的生活，所以应用动词不定式to live表示目的。故选A。

13．D
【详解】句意：没有人英语说得比她好，所以她被选为下个月我们学校英语节的主持人。
考查比较级用法。as beautiful as和……一样美；as badly as和……一样坏；worse than比……更坏；better than比……更好。根据“so she is chosen to be the host of our school English festival next month,”可知她被选为下个月我们学校英语节的主持人，推出没有人英语说得比她好，用比较级，故选D。
14．A
【详解】句意：当我们正在收庄稼的时候, 天突然下起了雨。
考查过去进行时。句中while表示“当……时候”,与之连用的时态为进行时态，故可排除B和D选项；根据后半句的动词poured是过去式形式,可推断事情发生在过去。故设空处应用过去进行时“were harvesting”。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：——请你不要发出这么大的噪音好吗？——对不起，我不会了。
考查情景交际。第一句话Would you please not do sth?“请你不要做某事好吗？”，是固定搭配，填not，C、D不正确；根据语境“make so much noise”可知，第二个空应表示道歉，意为“对不起, 我不会了”，A不正确。故选B。

16．C    17．B    18．A    19．B    20．D    21．B    22．C    23．D    24．D    25．C    26．C    27．A    28．B    29．D    30．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了一个聪明的男孩用一个简单的方法，成功把路上的巨石埋起来的故事。
16．句意：有一天，发生了地震。
flood洪水；snowstorm暴风雪；earthquake地震；fire火。根据下文“When the earthquake”可知是指地震，故选C。
17．句意：地震结束后，许多人来到路上，看到了巨大的岩石。
happened发生；ended终结；started开始；came来。根据“many people came to the road and saw the huge rock”可知地震结束了，人们才来到路上，故选B。
18．句意：一些最强壮的人试图把那块石头从路上搬开。
off远离；over在……上面；into进入；onto到……之上。根据“tried to lift the rock...the road”结合语境可知，是把石头从路上移开，也就是远离大路，故选A。
19．句意：他们试图推它，但失败了。
worked工作；failed失败；went走；caught抓住。根据but表转折说明没有推动，失败了，故选B。
20．句意：我们对此无能为力。
something某事；everything某事；anything任何事；nothing没有什么。根据“There is...we can do about it. We will have to change the road.”可知对于大石头，什么也做不了，故选D。
21．句意：男人们都嘲笑这个男孩。
looked看；laughed嘲笑；pointed指；called打电话。根据“I think I can help you to move the rock.”可知男人们认为他们几个人都推不动这个大石头，一个小男孩竟然说自己可以移动石头，所以男人们嘲笑他，故选B。
22．句意：石头不见了！
here这里；broken弄坏；gone离开了，不复存在；missed错过。根据“The rock wasn’t in the middle of the road any more.”可知石头不在路中央了，故选C。
23．句意：它甚至不在路边。
between在……之间；under在……下面；over在……上面；near附近。根据下文可知石头在地里面了，所以人们没有看到石头，此处是表示石头不在路中央，甚至不在路边，故选D。
24．句意：“这是不可能的，”他们说。
heavy重的；dangerous危险的；strong强壮的；impossible不可能的。根据“This is...”结合昨天男人们一起推石头都没能推动，而今天石头竟然不见了，所以他们认为这是不可能的，表示很震惊，故选D。
25．句意：男孩站在街上，面带微笑。
crying哭泣；thinking认为；smiling微笑；counting数。根据“I told you I could move it last night.”结合语境可知男孩是面带微笑的，故选C。
26．句意：男孩走到石头所在的地方，翻开了一些泥土。
grass草；rocks石头；earth土；clothes衣服。根据“I buried it,”结合下文可知石头被埋在土下面，故选C。
27．句意：这些人看起来很惊讶。
surprised惊讶的；sad伤心的；relaxed放松的；nervous紧张的。结合语境可知石头竟然在土下面，所以人们感到惊讶，故选A。
28．句意：我在岩石旁边挖了一个深洞，并在岩石上挖了一个小斜坡，岩石自己滚到了洞里。
turned转变；rolled滚动；walked走路；cut切。根据“dug a deep hole next to the rock and a small incline（斜坡）up to the rock, and the rock...down into the hole by itself”可知石头滚到男孩挖的洞，故选B。
29．句意：多聪明的孩子啊！
brave勇敢的；poor贫穷的；handsome英俊的；clever聪明的。结合上文可知那么多人没有办到的事情，一个小男孩竟然想到这么一个好方法，说明他很聪明，故选D。
30．句意：为什么我们不能想出这个好主意呢？
hole洞；idea主意；story故事；joke玩笑。根据“Why couldn’t we think of this good”可知是指男孩的好主意，故选B。
31．A    32．B    33．A

【分析】现在世界上的人们都在努力保护我们的星球，本文介绍了四位正在改变世界的人。
31．细节理解题。根据“When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas.”可知，Jack创办了一个组织去教孩子们关于熊猫的知识。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE.”可知，Linda发明SuperE的时候12岁。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.”可知，Patrick项目目标是对抗塑料垃圾。故选A。
34．A    35．D    36．C    37．C

【导语】本文讲述了作者在父亲去世的时候，感到非常的伤心和孤独。这时一只被遗弃的小猫走进了作者的生活，它成了作者那个时候最好的感情寄托。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“ I opened the door to find a little cat on the steps. He was thin and poor. He looked the way I felt. I brought him inside and gave him a can of fish.”可知，作者看到那只小猫就像她自己一样的孤独、可怜，所以把猫带到了家里，给他东西吃。由此可知作者非常的同情那只猫，故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据第五段“From then on, things grew easier. With Willis in my lap, time seemed to pass much faster. ”从那时起，事情变得简单了，威利斯坐在我的腿上，时间似乎过得更快了；可知这只猫拯救了作者是通过在她困难的时刻让她变得更好。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据第四段“I started calling him Willis in order to remember my father's best friend”我开始喊他威利斯为了记住我父亲最好的朋友；可知，威利斯是我的父亲的朋友，故选C。
37．最佳标题题。根据最后一段“But I know that we rescued each other. I may have given him a home but he gave me something greater”以及全文可知，因为这只猫，在作者的父亲去世后，她的生活得到了改观；因此C项“我从一只猫那里得到了什么”最符合文意，故选C。
38．D    39．C    40．B    41．A

【分析】文章主要讲述了三位中国宇航员在太空空间站举行了最新讲座，数以百万计的学生观看了它，并学到许多惊人的科学事实 。
38．细节理解题。根据文中“They gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth on Dec. 9. ”可知，12月9日，他们在距地球400公里的高空进行了科学讲座。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据文中“But in space, our bones and muscles (肌肉) don’t need to support our body’s weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. NASA says that astronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after just a couple of weeks. That is dangerous for astronauts because they will be too weak to work.”可知，宇航员在太空中会变弱的原因是他们在太空中会失去一些肌肉。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据文中“During the lecture, Zhai introduced a special uniform Ye was wearing. It’s called a ‘penguin suit’. ”可知，在讲座中，翟老师介绍了叶莉穿着的一套特殊制服。它被称为“企鹅装”。由此说明，翟老师在讲座中向同学们展示了“企鹅装”。故选B。  
41．推理判断题。根据文中“They gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth on Dec 9. Millions of students watched it and learned many amazing science facts.”可知，数以百万计的学生观看了讲座，并学到许多惊人的科学事实。由此可推断，这次讲座，让学生们“大开眼界”。故选A。
42．B    43．B    44．C    45．A

【分析】本文是小说，节选自《鲁宾逊漂流记》，讲述了鲁滨逊遭遇风暴翻船，同伴都被淹死，他不得不在树上过夜的故事。
42．细节理解题。根据“Half an hour later the angry sea turned our boat over and we were all in the water”可知，鲁宾逊掉进海里之前和其他人在一条小船上，故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据短文内容，先描述船的两边破了个洞，后来船撞上了海底的沙滩不能移动，鲁滨逊怕出意外就和其他人赶紧离下了船，半小时后愤怒的大海把船给掀翻了。可知“b-d-c-a”顺序正确，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据“At first I was very thankful to be alive”，可知鲁滨逊很庆幸自己还活着，故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据“I was afraid to sleep on the shore. Perhaps there were wild animals there. So I went up into a tree and I stayed there all night”可知，在第一个晚上鲁滨逊睡在一棵树上以保护自己，故选A。
46．law##laws
【详解】句意：她在法律方面博览群书。law“法律”，名词，此处可以用名词原形，也可以用名词的复数形式，两者意思都符合，故填law/laws。
47．silent
【详解】句意：除了电视外，房间里一片寂静。此处作be动词的表语用形容词silent“寂静的”。故填silent。
48．fever
【详解】句意：玛丽昨晚因高烧、不断地咳嗽。a后加名词单数fever“发烧”。故填fever。
49．awful
【详解】句意；在这么可怕的大风天待在家里更安全。awful“可怕的”，形容词作定语，故填awful。
50．housework
【详解】句意：母亲们日复一日地忙于无休止的家务。housework“家务活”，是不可数名词。故填housework。
51．height
【详解】句意：这座电视塔和小山一样高。same是形容词，作定语修饰名词。height“高度”，名词。故填height。
52．rainy
【详解】句意：南京夏天下雨，所以你应该带把伞。rainy“有雨的”，形容词，作表语。故填rainy。
53．lost
【详解】句意：——你的父亲是一名出租车司机吗？——是的。他不会在这个城市迷路，因为他几乎知道每个地方。lost“迷路的”，形容词，作表语。get lost“迷路”。故填lost。
54．describing
【详解】句意：那位年轻女士正在向警方描述她失踪的孩子。“描述”describe，is后跟现在分词构成现在进行时结构。故填describing。
55．nervous##stressed
【详解】句意：这个小男孩在舞台上太紧张以至于他一个字都说不出来。根据汉语提示可知，空格处填形容词作表语。nervous/stressed “紧张的”；too...to...“太……而不能……”，中间跟形容词或者副词的原级。故填nervous/stressed。
56．excited
【详解】句意：知道了没有作业的假期后，学生们变得很兴奋。excite“激动”，动词。turned“变得”，是系动词，后加形容词excited“感到激动的”作表语。故填excited。
57．speakers’
【详解】句意：这些笔和笔记是说话者的。记得还给他们。根据“Remember to give back to them.”和所给词汇可知，此处指这些笔和笔记是说话者的，应用名词所有格，且“说话者”为复数，speak“说话”，speaker“说话者”，其复数为speakers，所有格形式为speakers’。故填speakers’。
58．easily
【详解】句意：在你的帮助下，我能很容易地理解这道数学题。easy“容易的”，是形容词，修饰动宾短语understand this Math problem，用副词，故填easily。
59．asking
【详解】句意：这个小孙子一整天一直在问许多问题。分析句子结构，可知空处用非谓语形式；根据空前动词keep“持续”可知，此处考查短语keep doing sth.“持续做某事”，空处用动名词形式，作宾语。故填asking。
60．sleepy
【详解】句意：阳光和暖风让我在这个懒洋洋的下午感到困倦。根据句意和所给词汇可知，此处指感到困倦，sleep“睡觉”应改为sleepy“困倦的”，系动词feel后接形容词作表语。故填sleepy。
61．importance
【详解】句意：每个人都应该知道湿地的重要性。此处在动词后作宾语，用名词importance表示“重要性”，故填importance。
62．natural
【详解】句意：南京是每个季节欣赏自然美景的好地方。nature“自然”，名词，此处用其形容词natural“自然的”，作定语修饰名词beauty。故填natural。
63．Humans
【详解】句意：人类应该尽力保护动物，因为它们是我们的朋友。此处在句中作主语，表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填Humans。
64．happening
【详解】句意：政府应该阻止校车事故再次发生。from是介词，其后加动名词作宾语，故填happening。
65．impossible
【详解】句意：人们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的工作。possible“可能的”，形容词。根据“finish the difficult work in such a short time”可知，在短时间内完成艰巨的工作是不可能的。impossible“不可能的”，形容词，作表语。故填impossible。
66．pity on
【详解】对比中英文可知，此空缺少“可怜”的翻译，英文表达为take pity on，故填pity on。
67．Thousands of tourists
【详解】空格处对应的含义为：成千上万的游客。固定短语：thousands of表示“成千上万的”，后面跟名词tourist（游客）的复数形式tourists。 故填Thousands of tourists。
68．take action right
【详解】根据中文可知，此处缺少take action“采取行动”；right away“立即”。情态动词should后使用动词原形。 故填take action right。
69．couldn’t wait to cheer
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，can’t wait to do“迫不及待做某事”；cheer喝彩，加油。此处描述过去发生的动作，使用情态动词can的过去式could。 故填couldn’t wait to cheer。
70．with an area of
【详解】根据中英文对照，此处应用with an area of表示“面积有……；占地……”，为介词短语。 故填with an area of。

71．(s)urprised##(s)hocked    72．(c)atch##(c)ause    73．(i)dea    74．(A)nother    75．(c)lever    76．(p)rovided    77．(b)ecame    78．(l)ives    79．(t)ruth    80．(b)oth

【导语】本文作者主要向我们介绍了几位年轻的小发明家的故事。
71．句意：得知年轻人创造了许多改变世界的发明，我感到震惊。根据“When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. ”可知，作者认为发明家都是一群灰白胡子的老人，所以得知是年轻人发明了很多东西时应是很吃惊/震惊，surprised/shocked符合语境。故填(s)urprised/(s)hocked。
72．句意：它可能很容易引起火灾。catch fire“着火”，固定短语；cause“引起”，to后跟动词原形构成动词不定式结构。故填(c)atch/(c)ause。
73．句意：这被证明是一个非常聪明的想法。根据“Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees.”和首字母可知，此处指“他把灯挂到圣诞树上”这种想法很聪明，idea“想法”，被a修饰用名词单数形式。故填(i)dea。
74．句意：另一个很酷的孩子，15岁的切斯特·格林伍德在1873年的一天滑冰。上文讲述了一个15岁的Albert Sadacca的小发明家的例子，此处是介绍另一个小发明家，所以用another表示“另一个”，故填(A)nother。
75．句意：切斯特有个聪明的的主意。根据“ He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned.”及首字母可知，他想到了一个聪明的办法解决问题，clever“聪明的”符合语境。故填(c)lever。

76．句意：格林伍德的一个好主意为法明顿地区的人们提供就业机会。根据“ jobs for people”及语境可知，此处指“给人们提供了工作”，provide sth for sb“提供某物给某人”，由“invented ”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(p)rovided。
77．句意：说到酷孩子，Margaret E. Knight是个小镇英雄。本句是主系表结构，结合首字母可知，此处指“是”，become符合语境，由made可知，时态一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(b)ecame。
78．句意：她救了很多人的生命。根据“She made her first life-saving device”及备选词可知，这是一个救命设备，life“生命”，a lot of 后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填(l)ives。
79．句意：但事实是，每个人都有能力改变世界。根据“everyone has the power to change the world. ”及首字母可知，此处是反驳上文“一些年轻人感到无能为力。他们觉得自己生活在一个成年人为成年人创造的成人世界里”的观点，讲述的是真实的情况是什么样的，truth符合语境。故填(t)ruth。
80．句意：一个双目失明的15岁男孩，让书面交流变得更容易。根据“ blind in ...eyes”及首字母可知，此处指“双目失明”，也就是两只眼睛失明，both“两个”符合语境。故填(b)oth。
81．例文：
Looking back on this term
How time flies! It’s near the end of this term.
During this term, I’ve done much better in English. I won the first prize in the school English poem competition. I have not only learnt much knowledge but also made great progress. I’m grateful for teachers’ help and education.
The school life here was colorful and interesting. I have made a few new friends. I had a good time in school trip.
I am good at DIY now, and I have made several useful daily things. I joined the Animal Protection Society. I’ve been a volunteer and been helpful to the community.
For the coming winter vacation, I hope to stay with parents and have a happy family life.
【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作。在写作时应紧接开头继续写作，根据题目要求讲述这学期自己在学习、生活、能力及活动各方面的收获及自己的愿望。
2.写作指导：本文时态以一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称为主，讲述这学期自己在学习、生活、能力及活动各方面的收获，要叙述完整，条理清晰。