【期末考点专题】人教版(2019)高中英语必修1：专题3.完形填空串讲及精练

这是一份【期末考点专题】人教版(2019)高中英语必修1：专题3.完形填空串讲及精练，文件包含期末考点专题人教版2019高中英语必修1专题3完形填空串讲及精练教师版docx、期末考点专题人教版2019高中英语必修1专题3完形填空串讲及精练学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。
完形填空串讲及精练

掌握3步解题流程——解题求稳
一
(2022-2023学年福建省福州第一中学)
“Just sign here, sir,” the deliveryman said as he handed Oscar Reyna a package.
The package consisted of a long, narrow box ____21____ wrapped in brown paper. Opening the box, Oscar saw an umbrella inside ---- a very old one with a beautifully carved handle. ____22____ he had not seen it for more than 20 years, he ____23____ it immediately.
Oscar was 16 when he first saw the ____24____ umbrella. He had gone to a concert with his grandparents. As they were leaving, he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat. Impressed by its ____25____, Oscar felt a strong desire to find its owner.
Oscar ____26____ the manager to go through the record of advance ticket sales. Just as he thought, a name matched the seat where Oscar had ____27____ the umbrella. The name was Mrs. Katie O'Brien.
Oscar talked his grandparents into going by Mrs. O'Brien's house on their way home. An elderly woman opened the door. “May I help you?” she asked. “I'd like to return it if it's yours,” Oscar said, ____28____ the umbrella ____29____ presenting a gift that had long been wished for. “Why, yes, it's mine,” replied Mrs. O'Brien with a ____30____ smile and shining eyes. “It was given to me by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it. May I offer you a reward for your ____31____?” “No, ma'am.” he said, “my grandmother says that a good deed is its own reward.” “Well, that's ____32____ what my father used to say. What is your name, young man?”
Years later, Oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remembered Mrs. O'Brien. It was in perfect condition, considering how ____33____ it was. Why had it arrived here today? As if ____34____, a note fell from the paper. It read: Mrs. O'Brien wanted you to accept this umbrella as a present for a kind, ____35____ gesture long ago.
21. A. strictly B. carefully C. obviously D. curiously
22. A. After B. When C. Since D. Although
23. A. adapted B. reserved C. recognized D. removed
24. A. ordinary B. unusual C. simple D. formal
25. A. beauty B. shape C. size D. history
26. A. ordered B. demanded C. encouraged D. persuaded
27. A. laid B. found C. confirmed D. searched
28. A. putting up B. referring to C. picking up D. holding out
29. A. as if B. as long as C. due to D. instead of
30. A. wide B. confident C. confusing D. shy
31. A. patience B. kindness C. impression D. determination
32. A. officially B. naturally C. exactly D. probably
33. A. old B. amazing C. valuable D. unique
34. A. in turn B. in return C. in exchange D. in answer
35. A. professional B. mean C. selfless D. wise
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者过去捡到一把伞，然后归还失主，没有要回报，而是认为做好事本身就是一种回报。很多年以后，这把伞的主人把这把伞送给了作者当作回报。
21考查副词词义辨析。句意：那包裹是一个用棕色纸小心地包着的又长又窄的盒子。A. strictly严厉地；B. carefully小心地；C. obviously明显地；D. curiously好奇地。根据下文的“Opening the box, Oscar saw an umbrella inside —— a very old one with a beautifully carved handle.（打开盒子，奥斯卡看到里面有一把伞——一把很旧的伞，伞柄雕刻得很漂亮）”可知，这把伞虽然旧，但是因为包装仔细小心没有破损，所以可以看出伞柄雕刻得很漂亮。故选B项。
22考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他已经20多年没见过这把伞了，但是他还是立马认出了它。A. After在……之后；B. When当……时候；C. Since因为；D. Although虽然。根据下文“he had not seen it for more than 20 years”还有“immediately”可知作者已经20年没有见过它了，但是后面又出现“immediately”这个词，可知这句话前半句和后半句是转折关系。故选D。
23考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他已经20多年没见过这把伞了，但是他还是立马认出了它。A. adapted使适应；B. reserved预定；C. recognized认出；D. removed移动。根据上文“he had not seen it for more than 20 years”可知，虽然作者已经20年没有见过它了，但是后面又出现“immediately”这个词，结合转折关系可知，作者认出了这把伞。故选C。
24考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡第一次看到这把不同寻常的伞时才16岁。A.ordinary普通的；B. unusual不同寻常的；C. simple简单的；D. formal正式的。根据第五段中的“It was given to me by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it.（这是我父亲多年前给我的。非常感谢你还我）”可知这是一把有故事的伞，所以是一把不同寻常的伞。故选B。
25考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的美丽给奥斯卡留下了深刻的印象，它强烈地渴望找到它的主人。A.beauty美丽；B. shape形状；C. size尺寸；D. history历史。根据第一段第二句中“ a very old one with a beautifully carved handle”可知伞柄雕刻得很漂亮，可知这把伞是很漂亮的。故选A。
26考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡说服经理检查预售票的销售记录。A. ordered命令；B. demanded要求；C. encouraged鼓励；D. persuaded说服。根据上文“Oscar felt a strong desire to find its owner.（奥斯卡非常渴望找到它的主人）”再结合下文“ Just as he thought, a name matched the seat（正如他所想的那样，名字和座位很配）”可知奥斯卡非常想知道这把伞的主人，所以才会去说服经理去查询。故选D。
27考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如他所想的那样，名字和奥斯卡发现伞的座位很搭配。A. laid放置；B.found发现；C. confirmed证实；D. searched寻找。根据第三段第三句“As they were leaving, he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat. （当他们离开时，他注意到一个空座位上有一把伞）”所以这把伞是他无意中发现注意到的。故选B。
28考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：递出这把伞，就像送了一份期盼已久的礼物。A. putting up搭建；B. referring to关于；C. picking up拾起；D. holding out递出。根据上文“I'd like to return it if it's yours”作者对凯蒂·奥布莱恩太太说，如果这把伞是她的，那他想要把它还给她。再结合下文的“yes, it's mine”可知这位太太就是这把伞的主人，所以作者是把伞递给了这位太太，让这位太太看是否是她的伞。故选D。
29考查固定短语辨析。句意：递出这把伞，就像送了一份期盼已久的礼物。A. as if好像；B. as long as只要；C. due to由于；D. instead of代替。根据下文“Thank you so much for returning it.（非常感谢你把它还给我）”可知这把伞对于这位太太来说很重要，所以递出这把伞，就像送了一份期盼已久的礼物。故选A。
30考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“噢，是的，是我的，”奥布莱恩太太咧开嘴笑着回答，两眼放光。A.wide宽的；B. confident自信的；C. confusing令人迷惑的；D. shy害羞的。根据下文“It was given to me by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it. （这是我父亲多年前给我的。非常感谢你把这把伞还给我）”可知这位太太拿到伞以后是非常开心的，所以应该是开口笑的。故选A。
31考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以酬谢你的善良吗？A. patience耐心；B. kindness善良；C. impression印象；D. determination决心。根据下文“my grandmother says that a good deed is its own reward.（我祖母说做好事本身就是一种报偿）”根据同义替换，可知“ a good deed”就是指的作者的善良。故选B。
32考查副词词义辨析。句意：恰好我父亲曾经也这么说过。A. officially官方地；B. naturally自然地；C. exactly恰好；D. probably可能地。根据下文“What is your name, young man?”可知这位太太在问作者的姓名，没有继续追问作者想要什么作为回报，所以这位太太是认同作者的话的。故选C。
33考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到这把伞已经存在很久了，但是依旧保存完好。A. old老的；B. amazing惊人的；C. valuable 宝贵的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“It was in perfect condition”可知这把伞保存完整，时间过去那么久了，但是这把伞依然美丽。而且此空处所在的句子是一个感叹句，作者在感叹这把伞已经存在很久了，但依旧保存完好。故选A。
34考查固定短语辨析。句意：作为回答，一张便条从纸里掉出来了。A. in turn轮流；B. in return作为回报；C. in exchange作为交换；D. in answer作为回答。根据上文“Why had it arrived here today? （为什么今天会到这里?）”可知下文就要写这个问题的答案。故选D。
35考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上面写着:很久以前，奥布莱恩夫人想让你收下这把伞，作为一份礼物，感谢她的善良、无私之举。A. professional专业的；B. mean吝啬的；C. selfless无私的；D. wise明智的。根据上文可知作者当时把伞还给这位太太的时候并没有要任何回报，只是认为做好事本身就是一种报偿，所以这是一种无私的行为。故选C。
二
(2022-2023学年福建师范大学附属中学)
第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a cold rainy day. I made no ___18___ to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I come to see something at the top.
So here I was, unwillingly making the two-hour journey ___19___ fog. that hung like veils (面纱). Sadly, by the time I saw how ___20___ it was near the top, I’d gone too far to ___21___ . Nothing could be worth this, I thought as I ___22___ along the dangerous highway.
“I’ll stay for lunch, but I’m heading back down the moment fog ___23___.” I announced when I arrived. At my words, Carolyn asked me to walk along a quiet. path thick. with old pine trees. Gradually the ___24___ of the place began to fill my mind.
I stopped at a corner, amazed. Rivers of daffodils (水仙) were in sight! All kinds of ___25___ — from the deepest lemon to the most vivid pink — shone brightly like a carpet before us. It looked as though the sun had tipped over (倾斜) and ___26___ gold down the mountainside.
Questions formed in my mind. Who created such beauty? Why? How? As we reached the house lying in the center of the land, we saw a(n) ____27____ that read: “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.” The first answer was: “One Woman-Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One at a Time.” The third: “Started in 1958.”
As we drove home, I was moved by what we had seen. “She ____28____ the world,” I said, “One bulb (水仙球茎) at a time. She started 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she ____29____ at it.”
“Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a ____30____ and worked at it just a little bit every day, what might I have ____31____ ?” Carolyn smiled. “Start tomorrow,” she said. “ ____32____ yet, start today.”
18. A. reason B. attempt C. sense D. difference
19. A. under B. towards C. through D. above
20. A. thick B. high C. far D. fresh
21. A. turn back B. hold on C. give in D. look forward
22. A. slid B. inched C. walked D. rushed
23. A. falls B. drops C. lifts D. moves
24. A. loneliness B. imagination C. impression D. peace
25. A. fruits B. colors C. hills D. trees
26. A. poured B. flooded C. spread D. threw
27. A. notice B. signal C. advertisement D. sign
28. A. changed B. controlled C. beat D. challenged
29. A. aimed B. addicted C. kept D. searched
30. A. method B. rule C. job D. dream
31. A. promoted B. achieved C. identified D. promised
32. A. And B. Sooner C. Not D. Better
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者应女儿邀请到山上观赏美景，得知是一个人花费40年时间种了漫山的鲜花后，感慨“不积跬步，无以至千里”的道理。
18考查名词词义辨析。句意：我并不打算开车经过蜿蜒的山路去我女儿卡洛琳的家。A.reason原因；B.attempt打算；C.sense感觉；D.difference差别。根据下文“But she had insisted that I come to see something at the top.”可知，但是女儿要求她去山顶看看，句意发生转折，原本作者并不打算这么做，短语make attempt to do sth.意为“打算做某事”，该空应该填名词attempt。故选B项。
19考查介词词义辨析。句意：所以我就这样不情愿地在雾中走了两个小时的路程。A.under在下面；B.towards朝着；C.through穿过，通过；D.above在上面。根据下文“…fog that hung like veils”可知，作者开车穿过（through）迷雾。故选C项。
20考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，当我看到山顶附近有多浓时，我已经走得太远了，无法回头。A.thick浓的，厚的；B.high高的；C.far远的；D.fresh新鲜的。根据下文“I’d gone too far to ___4___”可知，山上的雾很浓（thick），看不清走了多远，直到山顶才发现已经走了太远了。　故选A项。
21考查动词短语辨析。句意：可悲的是，当我看到山顶附近有多浓时，我已经走得太远了，无法返回。A.turn back返回；B.hold on等等；C.give in屈服；D.look forward期待。根据上文“So here I was, unwillingly making the two-hour journey ___2___ fog.”可知，作者原本就不情愿在雾中穿行，到山顶附近知道有多浓时，已经走得太远无法返回（turn back）。故选A项。
22考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我沿着危险的公路缓慢前行时，我想没有什么值得这样做的。A.slid滑；B.inched微动，缓慢前行；C.walked走；D.rushed仓促而就的。根据上文“Sadly, by the time I saw how ___3___ it was near the top, I’d gone too far to ___4___ .”可知，雾非常浓，以至于看不清走了多远，由此推知，大雾天气，作者驾车缓慢前行（inched）。故选B项。
23考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我会留下来吃午饭，但雾一消散我就要回去了。A.falls瀑布；B.drops滴；C.lifts消散；D.moves移动。结合上文以及““I’ll stay for lunch, but I’m heading back down…”可知，作者不情愿地在雾中走了两个小时，想在雾消散（lifts）时尽快去吃饭。故选C项。
24考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，这个地方的宁静开始充满我的脑海。A.loneliness孤独；B.imagination想象力；C.impression印象；D.peace宁静，和平。根据下文“I stopped at a corner, amaze….”可知，作者后来被眼前一片美丽的各种颜色的鲜花惊呆了，推知，作者渐渐感受到周围的宁静（peace）和美丽景色。故选D项。
25考查名词词义辨析。句意：水仙花之河就在我们眼前！从最深的柠檬色到最鲜艳的粉红色，各种各样的颜色都像我们面前的地毯一样闪闪发光。A.fruits果实；B.colors颜色；C.hills山丘；D.trees树。根据下文“from the deepest lemon to the most vivid pink”可知，水仙花从最深的柠檬色到最鲜艳的粉红色，各种各样的颜色（colors）。故选B项。
26考查动词词义辨析。句意：看起来太阳好像倾斜着把黄金倾倒在了山腰。A.poured 倾倒；B.flooded淹没；C.spread传播；D.threw扔。根据上文“It looked as though the sun had tipped over(倾斜)…”可知，此处是拟人的用法，看起来就像太阳好像倾斜着（身子）把黄金倾倒在了山腰。故选A项。
27考查名词词义辨析。句意：谁创造了这样的美？为什么？怎样当我们到达位于土地中心的房子时，我们看到一个标牌，上面写着：“我知道你在问的问题的答案。A.notice注意；B.signal信号；C.advertisement广告；D.sign标牌。根据下文“…that read: “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.””推知这是一个写着文字的标牌（sign）。故选D项。
28考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她改变了世界，”我说，“一次一株，她40年前就开始了，可能只是一个想法的开始，但她坚持了下来。A.changed改变；B.controlled受约束的；C.beat击败；D.challenged挑战。根据下文““One bulb(水仙球茎)at a time. She started 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea”，结合上文语境，一个女人坚持40年在山上栽种水仙花，作者看到了那一片色彩斑斓的花的海洋，是这个女人改变（changed）了世界。故选A项。
29考查动词词义辨析。句意：她40年前就开始了，可能只是一个想法的开始，但她坚持了下来。A.aimed针对；B.addicted上瘾；C.kept坚持，保持；D.searched搜索。根据上文“She started 40 years ago”可知，标牌上留言的女人，四十年前在这里种植水仙花，此处指的她坚持（kept）了这么多年。故选C项。
30考查名词词义辨析。句意：“想象一下”我说，“如果我有一个梦想，每天只做一点点，我会实现什么呢？”卡罗琳笑了。A.method方法；B.rule规则；C.job工作；D.dream梦想。根据上文“She started 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea,”可知，此处指得是坚持每天做一点最终会实现的梦想（dream），与上文提到的那个女人坚持四十年在山上种植水仙花的想法相呼应。故选D项。
31考查动词词义辨析。句意：“想象一下，”我说，“如果我有一个梦想，每天只做一点点，我会实现什么呢？”卡罗琳笑了。A.promoted促进；B.achieved实现；C.identified鉴定；D.promised答应。根据上文“if I’d had a ___13___ and worked at it just a little bit every day,”可知，此处指每天坚持做一点会实现（achieved）的梦想，故选B项。
32考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意：“更好的是从今天开始。A.And和；B.Sooner早一点；C.Not不；D.Better更好。根据上文““Start tomorrow,” she said.”可知，此处与从明天开始作比较，应该从今天开始更好（Better）故选D项。
三
(2022-2023学年广东省惠州市)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While I was cycling, I saw a man in front of me, about half a mile far. Noticing the man was ____21____ at a speed lower than me, I decided to overtake (超过) him. With about a mile to go before turning off, I started cycling ____22____. Every block, I was gaining on him a little bit. Just within minutes, I was about 50m behind him. So I gathered all my ____23____ and tried hard to overtake him. It was as tiring as the ____24____ lap of the Olympic triathlon (铁人三项). Finally, I caught up with him and ____25____ him. “Yes!” I felt like a(n) ____26____, while he had no ____27____ that we were competitors.
However, I soon realized that I had been so ____28____ on competing against him that I had ____29____ my turn. Having gone nearly six blocks past it, I had to ____30____ and go all back.
Isn’t that what ____31____ in life? We spend most of our time and energy in competing with neighbors, friends and family. We are ____32____ to do better than them or be ahead of them, while we are never in the ____33____ with them. Instead of getting involved in (卷入) ____34____, never-ending competitions, we should just concentrate on our own ____35____ and reach our destination.
21. A. exploring B. traveling C. breathing D. struggling
22. A. faster B. earlier C. closer D. better
23. A. courage B. talent C. wisdom D. strength
24. A. formal B. last C. specific D. powerful
25. A. tracked B. supported C. passed D. affected
26. A. emperor B. expert C. champion D. cheat
27. A. hope B. doubt C. interest D. clue
28. A. focused B. hard C. dependent D. strict
29. A. organized B. missed C. chose D. found
30. A. hang out B. turn around C. set out D. give up
31. A. matters B. changes C. happens D. improves
32. A. anxious B. sorry C. thankful D. likely
33. A. gap B. process C. system D. race
34. A. unhealthy B. illegal C. impolite D. dishonest
35. A. image B. measure C. path D. emotion
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者骑车时，自发和一个男子比赛，超过了他，却错过了自己的路口，不得不折返，引发作者感悟：我们应该专注于自己的道路，而不应该花那么多时间精力进行不良的竞争。
21考查动词词义辨析。句意：注意到这人行进速度比我慢，我决定超过他。A.exploring探索；B.traveling旅行，行进；C.breathing呼吸；D.struggling挣扎。根据上文“While I was cycling, I saw a man in front of me, about half a mile far”可知，这人“行进”在我前面。故选B项。
22考查副词词义辨析。句意：在离转弯还有一英里的时候，我开始加快骑行速度。A.faster更快；B.earlier更早；C.closer更近；D.better更好。根据前一句“Noticing the man was 　　　1　　　　　 at a speed lower than me, I decided to overtake (超过) him.”可知，落后的人要赶超对方，得速度“更快”。故选A项。
23考查名词词义辨析。句意：我积聚全部力量，竭力要追上他。A.courage勇气；B.talent天赋；C.wisdom智慧；D.strength体力，力量。根据语境，后半句“tried hard to overtake him”可知，作者为了赶超对方，使足全身“力气”。故选D项。
24考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就像奥林匹克铁人三项赛的最后一圈那么一样累人。A.formal正式的；B.last最后的；C.specific具体的；D.powerful有力的。根据语境，奥林匹克铁人三项赛非常耗体力，在“最后一圈”累到极致，得坚持到底才能胜利，故选B项。
25考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我赶上了他，超过了他。A.tracked跟踪；B.supported支持；C.passed越过；D.affected影响。根据下一句“I felt like a(n) 　　　6　　　　, while he had no 　　　7　　　　 that we were competitors.”可知，我觉得我是冠军，从他身边“越过”，超越了对方。故选C项。
26考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己像一个冠军得主，而他却不知道我们是竞争对手。A.emperor皇帝；B.expert专家；C.champion冠军；D.cheat骗子。根据上一句“Finally, I caught up with him and 　　　5　　　 him.”可知，我跑到对方的前面了，我赢了这个比赛，我是“冠军”。故选C项。
27考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己像一个冠军得主，而他却不知道我们是竞争对手。A.hope希望；B.doubt怀疑；C.interest兴趣；D.clue线索，想法。固定短语“have no clue that...”意为“不知道……”。故选D项。
28考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快就意识到，我太专注于与他竞争了，以至于错过了我的路口。A.focused专注的；B.hard努力的；C.dependent依赖的；D.strict严格的。根据语境可知，作者一心要超越对方，状态“太投入，太专注”，忘了要在哪个路口换道。故选A项。
29考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快就意识到，我太专注于与他竞争了，以至于错过了我的路口。A.organized组织；B.missed错过；C.chose选择；D.found发现。下文“Having gone nearly six blocks past it, I had to 　　　10　　　 and go all back.”可知，我没有沿着自己的路线骑行，追着对方骑出去6个街区的距离，才意识到自己偏离了路线。故选B项。
30考查动词短语辨析。句意：已经骑行（偏离）6个街区，我不得不掉头往回骑。A.hang out闲逛；B.turn around转身；C.set out出发；D.give up放弃。上文“However, I soon realized that I had been so 　　　8　　　 on competing against him that I had 　　　　9　　　 my turn.”可知，作者偏离了路线，错过了路口，所以得“折返”。故选B项。
31考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不就是生活中经常发生的事情吗？A.matters要紧；B.changes改变；C.happens发生；D.improves改善。举一反三，作者从这件事明白了生活中有很多类似的事“发生”。故选C项。
32考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们渴望比他们做得更好，或者领先于他们，尽管我们从来不是和他们在一个比赛中。A.anxious渴望的；B.sorry抱歉；C.thankful感恩的；D.likely很可能。上文“We spend most of our time and energy in competing with neighbors, friends and family.”中的“spend most of our time and energy”和本句中“to do better than them or be ahead of them”可知，我们耗费时间精力，为了比他们更好，这是我们“渴望的”结果。故选A项。
33考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们渴望比他们做得更好，或者领先于他们，尽管我们从来不是和他们在一个比赛中。A.gap隔阂，差距；B.process步骤，程序；C.system系统；D.race比赛。根据上文作者的经历，作者和那个男子并没有进行比赛，作者却想超越他。故选D项。
34考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们应该专注于我们自己的道路并达到我们的目标，而不是陷入不良的、无休止的竞争中。A.unhealthy不健康的，不良的；B.illegal非法的；C.impolite不礼貌的；D.dishonest不诚实的。上文“We spend most of our time and energy in competing with neighbors, friends and family. We are 　　　13　　　 to do better than them or be ahead of them, while we are never in the 　　14　　　　 with them.”可知，我们把大量时间精力消耗在和自己不相关的事情上，这种单方面的竞争，对自己的发展不利，属于“不良”竞争。故选A项。
35考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该专注于我们自己的道路并达到我们的目标，而不是陷入不良的、无休止的竞争中。A.image印象；B.measure措施；C.path道路；D.emotion情绪。上半句“Instead of getting involved in (卷入) 　　14　　　　, never-ending competitions,”可知，不卷入不良的无休止的竞争，是为了关注自己的方向，自己脚下应走的“路”。故选C项。
四
(2022-2023学年广东省中山市)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I didn't use to understand why everyone liked pandas so much. I thought they only got so much attention because they were ____21____. But my trip with the Chinese Felid Conservation Alliance (中国猫科动物保护联盟) ____22____ changed my opinion.
Our destination was the Baishuihe Conservation District in Sichuan province. The Conservation District used to have a panda ____23____, but since the Earthquake in 2008, no pandas had been ____24____. The goal of our ____25____ was to go deep into the Conservation District and set up a wildlife camera there.
On our first day, we set out in the morning and climbed until 4 in the afternoon. Upon setting up our camp, I unrolled my sleeping bag and was so ____26____ as to fall asleep immediately. The rest of the team was still busy making a ____27____, but I was already dead to the world, only ____28____ that the fire's heat made it nice and warm. Carrying our sleeping bags, we hiked along a ____29____ path in the deep mountains for two more ____30____.
During that trip, I learned a lot about pandas. It ____31____ that pandas aren't the way they appear in zoos. Instead, they have a(n) ____32____ ability to survive and can live comfortably in those ____33____ conditions, where I thought I was going to fall over and die.
The ____34____ has been doing its job this whole time. Although we didn't get any panda pictures the first year, we did ____35____ in the second year. That was the first time since the Earthquake that pandas had been seen in the Baishuihe Conservation District.
21. A. cute B. wild C. dangerous D. extinct
22. A. creativity B. totally C. formally D. equally
23. A. competition B. population C. organization D. destination
24. A. buried B. injured C. described D. sighted
25. A. trip B. program C. struggle D. life
26. A. absorbed B. annoyed C. bored D. tired
27. A. fire B. hole C. difference D. proposal
28 A. protesting B. assuming C. noticing D. proving
29. A. flat B. straight C. challenging D. amazing
30. A. hours B. days C. weeks D. months
31. A. matters B. happens C. comes about D. turns out
32. A. amazing B. similar C. limited D. false
33. A. economic B. terrible C. common D. suitable
34. A. panda B. camp C. camera D. zoo
35. A. relax B. retire C. survive D. succeed
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己跟随中国猫科动物保护联盟，为了收集野生熊猫的图片资料，到自然保护区安装野外摄像机的故事。
21考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想它们之所以受到如此多的关注是因为它们很可爱。A. cute可爱的；B. wild野生的；C. dangerous危险的；D. extinct灭绝的。根据常识可知，熊猫是可爱的，所以作者猜想大家喜欢熊猫是因为它们可爱。故选A。
22考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我和中国猫科动物保护联盟的旅行完全改变了我的看法。A.creativity创造性；B. totally完全地；C. formally正式地；D. equally平等地。根据句中的转折But及“changed my opinion” 可知，这里表示改变想法的程度，“totally完全地”符合句意。故选B。
23考查名词词义辨析。句意：该保护区过去有大熊猫种群，但自2008年地震以来，再也没有看到过大熊猫。A. competition竞争；B. population族群；C. organization组织；D. destination目的地。根据后半句的转折及“no pandas” 可知，以前这里是有熊猫的。故选B。
24考查动词词义辨析。句意：该保护区过去有大熊猫种群，但自2008年地震以来，再也没有看到过大熊猫。A. buried掩埋；B. injured受伤；C. described描述；D. sighted看见。根据句意可知，2008年以后，在这片区域再没有看到过大熊猫。故选D。
25考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们此行的目的是深入保护区并在那里设置野生动物摄像机。A. trip旅行；B. program项目；C. struggle斗争；D. life生活。根据前文“my trip with the Chinese Felid Conservation Alliance”中的原词再现可知，应选trip。故选A。
26考查形容词词义辨析。句意：搭好帐篷后，我打开睡袋，累得马上就能睡着。A. absorbed专心的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. bored无聊的；D. tired疲惫的。根据前文“On our first day, we set out in the morning and climbed until 4 in the afternoon.(第一天，我们一早就出发，一直爬山到下午4点)”可知，作者爬了一天的山，很累。故选D。
27考查名词词义辨析。句意：团队的其他成员还在忙着生火，但我累得一动不动，只注意到火的温暖让人舒服极了。A. fire火；B. hole洞；C. difference不同点；D. proposal提议。根据后文的“fire's heat”可知，他们在生火。故选A。
28考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队的其他成员还在忙着生火，但我累得一动不动，只意识到火的温暖让人舒服极了。A. protesting抗议；B. assuming假设；C. noticing意识到；D. proving证明。根据“the fire's heat made it nice and warm”可知，只有“noticing意识到” 符合句意。故选C。
29考查形容词词义辨析。句意：背着睡袋，我们又在深山中沿着一条充满挑战的小路徒步走了两天。A. flat平坦的；B. straight直的；C. challenging具有挑战性的；D. amazing令人惊叹的。根据“in the deep mountains”可知，这条小路并不好走，充满挑战。故选C。
30考查名词词义辨析。背着睡袋，我们又在深山中沿着一条充满挑战的小路徒步走了两天。A. hours小时；B. days天；C. weeks周；D. months月。根据前文“On our first day”可知，作者又走了两天。故选B。
31考查动词和短语辨析。句意：事实证明，熊猫并不是它们在动物园里出现的样子。A. matters事关紧要；B. happens发生；C. comes about产生；发生；D. turns out原来是；结果发现。根据后文“that pandas aren't the way they appear in zoos.” 可知，作者通过这次旅程发现了熊猫真实的生活方式。故选D。
32考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，它们有一种惊人的生存能力，能够在那样恶劣的条件下舒适地生活，我觉得我在那样的环境下会死的。A. amazing惊人的；B. similar相似的；C. limited有限的；D. false假的。根据后文“survive and can live comfortably”及“where I thought I was going to fall over and die.”可知，野外的生存环境很不好，但是熊猫依然舒适的生活着，说明它们有惊人的生存能力。故选A。
33考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，它们有一种惊人的生存能力，能够在那样恶劣的条件下舒适地生活，我觉得我在那样的环境下会死的。A. economic经济的；B. terrible恶劣的；C. common平常的；D. suitable合适的。根据“where I thought I was going to fall over and die.”可知，熊猫的生活环境很不好。故选B。
34考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段时间摄像机一直在持续工作。A. panda熊猫；B. camp营地；C. camera摄像机；D. zoo动物园。根据前文“set up a wildlife camera”可知，摄像机安装好后一直在进行摄像工作，后文“Although we didn't get any panda pictures”也是一处提示。故选C。
35考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然第一年我们没有拍到任何熊猫的图片，但第二年我们成功了。A. relax放松；B. retire退休；C. survive存活；D. succeed成功。根据前文“Although we didn't get any panda pictures the first year”可知，尽管第一年没拍到，但第二年成功拍到了照片。故选D。
五
(2022-2023学年广东省珠海市)
阅读短文，从所给的四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It must sound crazy for a person who is blind and deaf to be a doctor. But that's what Alexandra Adams is struggling for.
Born blind and deaf, this young woman never _____27_____. She has no vision in _____28_____ eye and just 5 percent in the other. Her deafness was _____29_____ when her parents realized their dog was barking next to their baby girl but she didn't _____30_____. Alexandra’s speech is _____31_____, which is very unusual in someone deaf since birth because her mum would teach her to speak with a balloon between them. Her parents were keen that she stayed in mainstream education and she made it. She had extra support—a classroom ____32____ was assigned to help her copy notes and kept up academically. _____33_____making friends was harder as no one wanted to talk to her. So she always felt lonely.
Aged 16, Alexandra spent most of the year in hospital. It was there that she decided to be a ____34____. Later Alexandra ____35____ in applying to a medical school. Now as a fourth-year medical student. Alexandra is now _______36_______to become the first doctor in Britain who is _______37_______both deaf and blind. It's ______38______that her would-be profession will not welcome this young woman, but she is determined to be a(n) _______39_______.
Modern ______40______ has helped Alexandra a lot. She can't read X-ray print, so she takes photos and enlarges the print on her smart phone which is vital to connect her hearing aid via Bluetooth with a high-tech stethoscope (听诊器).
Alexandra is a campaigner on ______41______ issues and has started a support group to serve people with special needs.
27. A. gives up B. makes up C. picks up D. sets up
28. A. her B. another C. one D. either
29. A. damaged B. identified C. impacted D. struck
30. A. challenge B. exchange C. appreciate D. react
31. A. fluent B. broken C. specific D. unique
32. A. admirer B. assistant C. audience D. athlete
33. A. But B. While C. So D. Thus
34. A. master B. champion C. hostess D. doctor
35. A. concentrated B. participated C. succeeded D. volunteered
36. A. on average B. on earth C. on hand D. on track
37. A. related B. regarded C. registered D. rescued
38. A. likely B. legal C. alarming D. official
39. A. examiner B. pioneer C. generation D. female
40. A. architecture B. technology C. transportation D. application
41. A. disabled B. global C. emergent D. advanced
【答案】27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. B 41. A
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述天生聋哑的亚历山德拉·亚当斯努力争取成为一名聋哑医生的故事。
27考查动词短语辨析。句意：天生就是聋哑人，这个年轻的女人从来没有放弃过。A. gives up放弃；B. makes up组成；C. picks up拿起；D. sets up建立。根据上文“But that's what Alexandra Adams is struggling for.”可知，Alexandra Adams尽管是个聋哑人，但是从不放弃。故选A。
28考查代词词义辨析。句意：她的一只眼睛没有视力，另一只眼睛只有5%的视力。A. her她；B. another另一个；C. one一；D. either任意一个。根据下文“just 5 percent in the other.”可知，一只眼睛看不见，另一只眼睛有5%的视力，故选C。
29考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的父母意识到他们的狗在女儿身边叫时，她没有反应，她的耳聋被确认了。A. damaged毁坏；B. identified 确认；认出；C. impacted影响；D. struck攻击。根据下文“when her parents realized their dog was barking next to their baby girl but she didn't _____4_____.”可知，当狗在她身边叫，她却没有反应，父母确定了她的耳聋。故选B。
30考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的父母意识到他们的狗在女儿身边叫时，但她没有反应，她的耳聋被确认了。A. challenge挑战；B. exchange交流；C. appreciate感激；D. react反应。根据上文“Born blind and deaf”可知，她天生聋哑，因此当狗在她身边叫的时候，她没有反应。故选D。
31考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alexandra说话很流利，这在一个出生后的聋人身上是很不寻常的，因为她的妈妈会教她用她们之间的气球说话。A. fluent流利的；B. broken破碎的；C. specific明确地；D. unique独特的。根据下文“which is very unusual in someone deaf since birth because her mum would teach her to speak with a balloon between them.”可推断，Alexandra说话是流利的，这是很不寻常的。故选A。
32考查名词词义辨析。句意：她得到了额外的支持——一名助教被指派帮助她抄写笔记并保持学业成绩。A. admirer赞赏者；B. assistant助手；助教；C. audience观众；D. athlete运动员。根据上文“She had extra support”和下文“to help her copy notes and kept up academically”可知，她得到了额外的支持，一名助教被指派帮助她。故选B。
33考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是交朋友就更难了，因为没有人想和她说话。A. But但是；B. While尽管；C. So因此；D. Thus因而。上文“She had extra support”说明她得到了支持，下文“making friends was harder as no one wanted to talk to her. So she always felt lonely.( 交朋友就更难了，因为没有人想和她说话，因此她总是感到孤独)”是转折关系。故选A。
34考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她决定成为一名医生。A. master主人；B. champion冠军；C. hostess女主持人；D. doctor医生。根据下文“applying to a medical school. Now as a fourth-year medical student”可知，Alexandra决定成为一名医生。故选D。
35考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Alexandra成功申请到一所医学院。A. concentrated集中；B. participated参加；C. succeeded成功；D. volunteered自愿做。根据下文“Now as a fourth-year medical student.”可知，Alexandra成功进入了一所医学院。故选C。
36考查固定短语辨析。句意：Alexandra现在有望成为英国第一个注册的盲聋医生。A. on average平均起来；B. on earth究竟；C. on hand在手头；D. on track在正轨上；未离题。根据下文“to become the first doctor in Britain”可知，Alexandra正走在成为一名注册的道路上，故选D。
37考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alexandra现在有望成为英国第一个注册的盲聋医生。A. related讲述；B. regarded认为；看待；C. registered注册；D. rescued挽救。根据下文“her would-be profession”可知，Alexandra想要成为一名注册聋哑医生。故选C。
38考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很可能她未来的职业不会欢迎这个年轻的女人，但她决心成为一个先驱。A. likely很可能的；B. legal合法的；C. alarming使人害怕的；D. official正式的；官方的。根据下文“but she is determined to be a(n) ____13____.”可知，尽管很可能这个职业不会欢迎她，但是她决定成为先驱。故选A。
39考查名词词义辨析。句意：很可能她未来的职业不会欢迎这个年轻的女人，但她决心成为一个先驱。A. examiner主考官；B. pioneer先驱；开拓者；C. generation一代人；D. female女性。根据上文“to become the first doctor in Britain”和“her would-be profession will not welcome this young woman”可知，她想要成为先驱。故选B。
40考查名词词义辨析。句意：现代的科技对Alexandra有很大的帮助。A. architecture建筑学；B. technology科技；C. transportation运输；D. application适用；应用。根据下文“She can't read X-ray print, so she takes photos and enlarges the print on her smart phone which is vital to connect her hearing aid via Bluetooth with a high-tech stethoscope (听诊器).”可知，现代科技对Alexandra帮助很大。故选B。
41考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alexandra是一名关于残疾人问题的活动家，并成立了一个支持小组，为有特殊需要的人提供服务。A. disabled残废的；B. global全球的；C. emergent紧急的；D. advanced先进的。根据下文“has started a support group to serve people with special needs”可知，Alexandra是残疾人问题的活动家。故选A。
六
(2022-2023学年山东省临沂市)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was raining hard. The bus I took finally reached the bus stop near my school. I got off the bus hurriedly but to find that I couldn't ___17___ from the rain because I left my umbrella behind at home.
Though my school was just on the opposite side of the road, I would ___18___ get all wet. There was no ___19___ that the rain would stop and I couldn't wait. I was about to run across the road when an old woman appeared and asked me to ___20___ an umbrella with her. I gladly accepted the ___21___ .
We walked side by side ___22___ because she walked with a small limp. I soon found that she started to get wet because she tried to protect my schoolbag from being wet. I politely asked her to ___23___ herself more. "If it hadn't been for the schoolbag, I would have run without a(n) ___24___ ." said I. She laughed and said, "You will be ___25___ in such a heavy rain. No need to worry! I'm glad to help." I thanked her when we finally came to our ___26___ .
As I walked into school, I ___27___ and saw her ___28___ in the heavy rain with great difficulty. Just at that moment, I thought of my grandmother in heaven, who used to walk me to school in such ___29___ weather was deeply ___30___ by what the old woman did. She could devote her time and care to a complete stranger! It was just because of these kind people that our world was becoming more and more beautiful! I ___31___ that I would do whatever I can to help those in need in future!
17. A. avoid B. escape C. shelter D. separate
18. A. yet B. still C. though D. too
19. A. sign B. meaning C. plan D. reason
20. A. rent B. exchange C. hold D. share
21. A. application B. invitation C. offer D. contribution
22. A. quickly B. slowly C. quietly D. finally
23. A. arrange B. conduct C. accept D. cover
24. A. umbrella B. partner C. solution D. threat
25. A. bored B. injured C. anxious D. sick
26. A. home B. company C. shop D. destination
27. A. turned up B. turned down C. turned around D. turned over
28. A. walking B. running C. jogging D. jumping
29. A. terrible B. strange C. difficult D. unique
30. A. excited B. shocked C. affected D. honored
31. A. demanded B. promised C. scheduled D. preferred
【答案】17 B 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个下雨天忘了带伞，一个好心的老妇人让作者和自己一起打伞，让作者受到了震撼，承诺未来也会帮助别人。
17考查动词词义辨析。句意：我匆忙下了公共汽车，但发现我无法躲避雨，因为我把伞落在家里了。A. avoid避免；B. escape逃脱；C. shelter提供庇护；D. separate分开。根据后文“from the rain because I left my umbrella behind at home”可知，作者没有伞，无法躲避雨。故选B。
18考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的学校就在马路对面，但我还是会浑身湿透。A. yet然而；B. still仍然；C. though虽然；D. too也。根据后文“get all wet”可知，虽然学校很近，作者还是会淋湿的。故选B。
19考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有雨会停的迹象，我等不及了。A. sign迹象；B. meaning意义；C. plan计划；D. reason理由。根据后文“the rain would stop and I couldn't wait”可知，没有雨停的迹象。故选A。
20考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要跑过马路，这时一位老妇人出现了，请我和她共撑一把伞。A. rent租金；B. exchange交换；C. hold持有；D. share分享。根据后文“an umbrella with her”可知，老妇人邀请作者和自己一起打伞。故选D。
21考查名词词义辨析。句意：我高兴地接受了邀请。A. application申请；B. invitation邀请；C. offer提供；D. contribution贡献。呼应上文“an umbrella with her. I gladly accepted the”指作者接受和老妇人打伞的邀请。故选B。
22考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们肩并肩慢慢地走着，因为她走路有点跛。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. quietly安静地；D. finally终于。根据后文“because she walked with a small limp”可知。老妇人腿脚不方便，他们走得慢。故选B。
23考查动词词义辨析。句意：我礼貌地请她多给自己打点伞。A. arrange安排；B. conduct实施；C. accept接受；D. cover覆盖。根据上文“because she tried to protect my schoolbag from being wet”可知，老妇人为了作者自己淋湿了，所以作者礼貌地请她多给自己打点伞。故选D。
24考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有书包，我就不打伞跑过去了。A. umbrella雨伞；B. partner伙伴；C. solution解决方案；D. threat威胁。呼应上文“I left my umbrella behind at home”指不打伞跑到学校。故选A。
25考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这样的大雨中你会生病的。A. bored无聊的；B. injured受伤的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. sick生病的。根据后文“in such a heavy rain”可知，大雨会让作者生病。故选D。
26考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们终于到达目的地时，我向她道谢。A. home家；B. company公司；C. shop商店；D. destination目的地。根据后文“As I walked into school”可知作者到了学校，也就是他们的目的地。故选D。
27考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我走进学校，我转身看到她在大雨中艰难地走着。A. turned up出现；B. turned down关小；C. turned around转身；D. turned over翻转。根据后文“and saw her”可知，作者转过身看着老妇人。故选C。
28考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走进学校，我转身看到她在大雨中艰难地走着。A. walking走路；B. running奔跑；C. jogging慢跑；D. jumping跳跃。根据后文“in the heavy rain with great difficulty”可知，在大雨中艰难地走着。故选A。
29考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我想起了我在天堂的奶奶，她曾经在这样糟糕的天气里送我去上学，被老太太的所作所为深深震惊了。A. terrible糟糕的；B. strange奇怪的；C. difficult困难的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“in the heavy rain”可知，此处指糟糕的天气。故选A。
30考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我想起了我在天堂的奶奶，她曾经在这样糟糕的天气里送我去上学，被老太太的所作所为深深震惊了。A. excited激动；B. shocked震惊；C. affected影响；D. honored尊重。根据后文“She could devote her time and care to a complete stranger!”可知，作者被老太太的所作所为深深震惊了。故选B。
31考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承诺在未来我将尽我所能去帮助那些需要帮助的人！A. demanded需要；B. promised承诺；C. scheduled安排；D. preferred更喜欢。根据后文“that I would do whatever I can to help those in need in future!”可知，作者承诺未来将尽自己所能去帮助那些需要帮助的人！故选B。
能力提升题
一
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Yesterday, I went to the bookstore to pick up a present for my mother’s birthday. I found one of the books I wanted, but not the other. When I went to ____21____, I asked the clerk behind the counter if I could ____22____ the second book.
A lady was standing ____23____ behind me at the checkout. The clerk said she could order the book for me, but would I mind if she let the lady behind me pay for her ____24____ first. The lady behind me said no, it was fine, she’d wait.
It took nearly 15 minutes to ____25____ my order through! The lady behind me had a(n)____26____ chat with us for the entire time.
When it finally came time for me to pay, I ____27____ two $10 off cards on the counter. The clerk informed me the offer was only valid(有效的) for the book I was buying in-store and wouldn’t ____28____ for the book I’d ordered. This meant that I’d have one $10 off card ____29____.
“You can come back and buy another book.” the clerk ____30____. “The offer is valid until the end of the week.”
I thought about this for a millisecond and then ____31____ to face the lady behind me who’d been so patient, kind, and charming through the very long wait at the checkout, “Here.” I gave her the $10 off card.
She was very ____32____ and said, “Really?”
The ____33____ didn’t cost me anything. I knew I wouldn’t be back before the end of the week and it ____34____ someone whose attitude left a smile in my heart. Most ____35____ a win-win moment.
21. A. pay B. discount C. fold D. pack
22. A. achieve B. order C. receive D. apply
23. A. nearby B. next to C. at random D. in line
24. A. purchases B. products C. cards D. presents
25. A. see B. go C. put D. pull
26. A. brief B. anxious C. confidential D. friendly
27. A. sent B. placed C. signed D. delivered
28. A. use B. count C. work D. account
29. A. left B. abandoned C. applied D. sold
30. A. interrupted B. repeated C. smiled D. evaluated
31. A. turned down B. turned around C. turned up D. turned in
32. A. calm B. relieved C. fearful D. surprised
33. A. gift B. book C. attitude D. patience
34. A. appreciated B. rewarded C. stimulated D. reminded
35. A. potentially B. necessarily C. frequently D. definitely
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者去书店为妈妈挑选一件生日礼物，结账时被告知只能使用一张优惠卡，于是作者选择把其中一张送给了排在自己后面一直耐心等待的女士，作者认为这种是一种双赢的做法。
21【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我去付款时，我问柜台后面的店员我是否可以订购第二本书。A. pay支付；B. discount折扣；C. fold折叠；D. pack包装。根据上文“I found one of the books I wanted”可知作者拿了书准备去付款，故选A。
22【答案】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我去付款时，我问柜台后面的店员我是否可以订购第二本书。A. achieve实现；B. order订购；C. receive收到；D. apply申请。呼应后文“she could order the book for me”指作者想要再订购第二本书。故选B。
23【答案】D考查固定短语辨析。句意：结账的时候，有位女士排队站在我后面。A. nearby附近的；B. next to紧挨着；C. at random随便地；D. in line排队。根据后文“behind me at the checkout”可知结账的时候有个女士排队在作者后面。故选D。
24【答案】A考查名词词义辨析。句意：店员说她可以帮我订这本书，但问我是否介意她让我后面的那位女士先付款。A. purchases所购物；B. products产品；C. cards卡片；D. presents礼物。根据上文“let the lady behind me pay for her”指让排在后面的女士先为自己的所购物付款，故选A。
25【答案】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的订单花了将近15分钟才通过。A. see看见；B. go离开；C. put放置；D. pull拉。根据后文“my order through”可知为短语pull through“通过”。故选C。
26【答案】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我后面的女士一直和我们友好地聊天。A. brief简要的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. confidential机密的；D. friendly友好的。根据后文“chat with us for the entire time”在等待过程中女士一直和作者友好聊天。故选D。
27【答案】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后轮到我付钱的时候，我在柜台上放了两张10美元的优惠卡。A. sent寄出；B. placed放置；C. signed署名；D. delivered递送。根据后文“two $10 off cards on the counter”可知指将两张10美元的支付卡放在柜台上。故选B。
28【答案】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：店员告诉我，这个优惠只对我在店里买的书有效，对我订购的书无效。A. use使用；B. count数数；C. work起作用；D. account解释。根据后文“for the book I’d ordered”指优惠卡对订购的书不起作用，work符合语境。故选C。
29【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我会剩一张10美元的优惠卡。A. left留下，离开；B. abandoned抛弃；C. applied应用；D. sold出售。优惠卡对订购的书无效，意味着作者会剩下一张10美元的优惠卡。故选A。
30【答案】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你可以回来再买一本书。”店员笑着说。A. interrupted打断；B. repeated重复；C. smiled微笑；D. evaluated评估。根据后文“The offer is valid until the end of the week.”店员善意的提醒，可知店员态度很好，微笑着提醒作者的。故选C。
31【答案】B考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想了一毫秒，然后转过身对我身后那位在漫长的结账过程中一直那么耐心、善良、迷人的女士说：“给你。”A. turned down关小；B. turned around转身；C. turned up开大；D. turned in上交。根据上文“The clerk said she could order the book for me, but would I mind if she let the lady behind me pay for her 　　　　4　　　　 first. ”可知，女士在作者的后面，由此可知作者需要转过身才能和女士说话。故选B。
32【答案】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常惊讶地问：“真的吗？”A. calm平静的；B. relieved安慰的；C. fearful害怕的；D. surprised惊讶的。作者和女士是陌生人，却要送女士优惠卡，所以女士很惊讶。故选D。
33【答案】A考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份礼物没花我一分钱。A. gift礼物；B. book书；C. attitude态度；D. patience耐心。作者把优惠卡当作礼物送给女士，即这份礼物并没有花作者的钱。故选A。
34【答案】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不能在周末之前回来，这对那些在我心中留下微笑的人来说是一种回报。A. appreciated感激；B. rewarded奖励，回报；C. stimulated促进；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“someone whose attitude left a smile in my heart”可知这张优惠卡是作者对那些在自己心中留下微笑的人的一种回报。故选B。
35【答案】D考查副词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是一个双赢的时刻。A. potentially可能地；B. necessarily必要地；C. frequently频繁地；D. definitely清楚地。根据后文“a win-win moment”可知作者得到了别人的善意，别人也收到了作者的优惠卡作为回报，所以绝对是一个双赢的时刻。故选D。
二
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wanda Smith always wanted to be a school teacher, but sometimes meeting life’s demanding realities can mean a dream delayed. A mother of three, Smith also needed to___21___her mom. Squarely shouldering her family___22___, she took jobs as bus monitor for a school in Texas.
The hours were___23___, but rather than let her dream die. At age 37, with the support and___24___ of her husband, she added night classes to her___25___. Nine years on, she finally graduated with a bachelor’s degree from Sam Houston State University and became a___26___teacher.
During the pandemic, as some of her students___27___to meet the demands of distance learning, Smith stepped up to the___28___. Noting that many of the kids she teaches come from single-parent families, she began___29___packets of schoolwork to them. It’s no_____30_____Smith’s kids adore her. In a special surprise_____31_____, they shouted their praise and held up big colorful signs_____32_____their devotion.
The passion was responded by Brenham’s mayor, Milton Tate Jr, who—using one of Smith’s own signature lines—_____33_____declared May 4, 2021 as ―Be the Best You Can Be！Wanda Smith Day.
Smith’s life is an example as well as an_____34_____. By always striving to be the best she could be, with heart and devotion, she graduated from cleaning classrooms to_____35_____classrooms—and that certainly puts her on our honor roll.
21. A. take over B. look after C. turn to D. give up
22. A. responsibilities B. conditions C. circumstances D. requirements
23. A. flexible B. free C. merry D. hard
24. A. assessment B. commitment C. encouragement D. adjustment
25. A. policy B. schedule C. payment D. experience
26. A. disciplined B. guaranteed C. confirmed D. qualified
27. A. struggled B. wandered C. complained D. continued
28. A. business B. argument C. challenge D. chances
29. A. performing B. practising C. folding D. delivering
30. A. fact B. wonder C. regret D. reality
31. A. operation B. experiment C. ceremony D. holiday
32 A. declaring B. doubting C. realizing D. expecting
33. A. traditionally B. officially C. privately D. specially
34. A. entertainment B. opportunity C. adventure D. inspiration
35. A. leading B. introducing C. serving D. forming
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了史密斯作为三个孩子的妈妈，一边工作，一边上夜校，在37岁时，实现自己的梦想当了老师，并且在流行病期间帮助家庭困难的孩子，激励了很多人，受到了布伦汉姆的市长Milton Tate的赞扬，并把2021年5月4日定为Wanda Smith Day。
21【答案】B考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为三个孩子的妈妈，史密斯还需要照顾自己的妈妈。A. take over 夺取； B. look after 照顾；C. turn to 求助于；D. give up 放弃。根据空格后her mom可知，此处指还有照顾自己的妈妈。故选B。
22【答案】A考查名词词义辨析。句意：完全肩负起她的家庭责任，她在德克萨斯州的一所学校做校车监督员。A. responsibilities 责任；B. conditions 条件；C. circumstances 情况；D. requirements 要求。根据上文可知，她不但是三个孩子的妈妈，还有照顾自己的妈妈，所以要肩负起自己的责任。故选A。
23【答案】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：工作时间很难熬，但是并没有让她的梦想破灭。A. flexible 灵活的；B. free 自由的；C. merry 欢乐的；D. hard 艰难的。根据后半句but可知，前后两句形成转折关系，所以应填艰难类的词，与后半句形成对比。故选D。
24【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：37岁的时候，在她丈夫的支持和鼓励下，她在日程表上加了夜校。A. assessment 评估；B. commitment 承诺；C. encouragement 鼓励；D. adjustment 调整。根据空格前“with the support and”可知，空格处应填与support的近义词。故选C。
25【答案】B考查名词词义辨析。句意：37岁的时候，在她丈夫的支持和鼓励下，她在日程表上加了夜校。A. policy 政策；B. schedule 计划，日程表；C. payment 付款；D. experience 经历。根据句意可知，她上了夜校，所以是在日程表上加了夜校的学习计划。故选B。
26【答案】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：九年过去了，她最终从山姆休斯顿州立大学获得了学士学位并成了一名合格的老师。A. disciplined 有纪律的；B. guaranteed 有保证的；C. confirmed 证实的；D. qualified 合格的。根据上文“she added night classes to her___5__(她在日程表上加了夜校)”可知，她上了夜校，花了九年时间成为了一名合格的老师。故选D。
27【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：在流行病期间，她的一些学生在满足远程学习的要求上有很大的困难，史密斯挺身而出帮助他们迎接挑战。A. struggled 努力，挣扎；B. wandered 徘徊；C. complained 抱怨；D. continued 继续。根据上下文可知，一些学生很难满足远程学习的需求，所以用struggle to do sth。故选A。
28【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：在流行病期间，她的一些学生在满足远程学习的要求上有很大的困难，史密斯挺身而出帮助他们迎接挑战。 A. business 生意；B. argument 争论；C. challenge 挑战；D. chances 机会。根据上半句学生满足远程学习的要求上有很大的困难，这是一个学习上的挑战，所以史密斯挺身而出。故选C。
29【答案】D考查动词词义辨析。句意：.注意到她教的好多孩子来自于单亲家庭，她开始给他们送学校作业。A. performing 表现；B. practising 练习；C. folding 折叠；D. delivering 运送，投递。根据空格后“packets of schoolwork to them”可知，史密斯是给单亲家庭的孩子送作业。故选D。
30B考查名词词义辨析。句意：难怪史密斯的孩子们喜爱她。A. fact 事实；B. wonder 奇怪，奇迹；C. regret后悔；D. reality现实。根据上下文可知，史密斯为孩子们做了很多事情，孩子们喜爱她一点也不奇怪。故选B。
31【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个特殊的仪式上，他们高呼赞美之词，举着五颜六色的大牌子，宣告他们的忠诚。A. operation 操作，手术；B. experiment 实验；C. ceremony 仪式；D. holiday 假期。根据空格前“In a special surprise”可知，这是一个孩子准备的特殊的惊喜仪式。故选C。
32【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个特殊的仪式上，他们高呼赞美之词，举着五颜六色的大牌子，宣告他们的忠诚。A. declaring 宣布；B. doubting 怀疑；C. realizing 意识到；D. expecting 期望。根据上半句“they shouted their praise(他们高呼赞美之词)”可知，孩子们宣告他们的忠诚。故选A。
33【答案】B考查副词词义辨析。句意：布伦汉姆的市长Milton Tate Jr对这种激情做出了回应——他用史密斯自己的签名——做最好的自己！官方地宣布2021年5月4日为Wanda Smith Day。 A. traditionally 传统的；B. officially 官方地；C. privately 私下地；D. specially 特殊地。根据文中可知，这是布伦汉姆的市长Milton Tate Jr对这种激情做出了回应，所以是官方宣布2021年5月4日为Wanda Smith Day。故选B。
34【答案】D考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯的生活经历是一个榜样，也是一个激励。 A. entertainment 娱乐；B. opportunity 机会；C. adventure 冒险；D. inspiration 激励，鼓舞。根据下文“By always striving to be the best she could be, with heart and devotion, she graduated from cleaning classrooms to____15____classrooms—and that certainly puts her on our honor roll. (一直努力做到最好，用尽全力，她从一个打扫教室的人变成了一个领导教室的人——这肯定让她上了我们的光荣榜)”可知，史密斯的经历不仅是一个榜样，还是一个激励。故选D。
35【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：一直努力做到最好，用尽全力，她从一个打扫教室的人变成了一个领导教室的人——这肯定让她上了我们的光荣榜。A. leading 领导，引导；B. introducing 介绍；C. serving 服务；D. forming 形成。根据上文可知，史密斯成为了一名合格的老师，所以是领导教室的人。故选A。
三
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。
A lonely girl found two starving songbirds in the woods. She look them home and put them in a ___21___ cage. She cared them with love and the birds grew strong. One day the girl ___22___ the door to the cage open. One bird flew from the cage, The girl was so____23____ that it would f1y away. As it flew close, she grasped it___24___. Her heart fell glad at her success in ____25____ it. Suddenly she felt the bird breathless. Her desperate love had killed it.
She___26___ the other bird moving back and forth on the___27___of the cage. She could feel its great____28____ for freedom. It needed to fly into the blue sky. She lifted it from the cage and tossed (抛) it___29___ into the air. The bird circled once, twice, three times.
The girl watched happily at the bird's______30______. Her heart was no longer concerned with her_____31_____, she wanted the bird to be ______32______ Suddenly the bird Hew closer and______33______softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest song that she had ever heard.
The fastest way to lose love is to ______34______ it too tight, the best way is to keep love is to give it ______35______.
21. A. large B. wooden C. plastic D. small
22. A. left B. remained C. imagined D. remembered
23. A. excited B. frightened C. annoyed D. pleased
24. A. unexpectedly B. quickly C. wildly D. immediately
25. A. holding B. reaching C. catching D. following
26. A. heard B. realized C. recognized D. noticed
27. A. edge B. top C. base D. surface
28. A. idea B. wish C. share D. destination
29. A. softly B. quietly C. heavily D. suddenly
30. A. entertainment B. enjoyment C. exercise D. singing
31. A. opinion B. relief C. pain D. loss
32. A. trapped B. strong C. happy D. alone
33. A. landed B. fell C. dropped D. sat
34. A. hold up B. hold onto C. take up D. take in
35. A. soul B. life C. wings D. legs
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了小女孩发现了两只饥饿的小鸟，一开始把它们养在笼子里，后来意识到鸟儿最需要的是自由，最后将小鸟放生的故事。
21【答案】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个孤独的女孩在树林里发现了两只饥饿的鸣禽。她看着它们回家，把它们放在一个小笼子里。A. large大的；B. wooden木头的；C. plastic塑料的；D. small小的。根据常识可知，装鸟的笼子一般为小笼子，故选D项。
22【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，女孩留下鸟笼的门忘了关。A. left留下；B. remained剩下；C. imagined想象；D. remembered记住。根据下文“One bird flew from the cage”可知，一只鸟飞离了笼子，所以前文应是将小奈何忘记关笼子门。故选A项。
23【答案】B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩非常害怕它会飞走。A. excited兴奋的；B. frightened害怕的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文“As it flew close, she grasped it ___4___ .”为了不让小鸟飞走，她捏紧了小鸟。可知，小女孩非常害怕小鸟飞走。故选B项。
24【答案】C考查副词词义辨析。句意：小鸟飞近时，她死命把它抓住。A. unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. quickly快速地；C. wildly野蛮地；D. immediately立刻。根据下文“Suddenly she felt the bird breathless. Her desperate love had killed it.”可推知，由于小女孩野蛮地抓住鸟，将小鸟捏死了。故选C项。
25【答案】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴能捉到它。A. holding握住；B. reaching到达；C. catching抓住；D. following跟随。根据上文“she grasped it ___4___ .”可知，小女孩是抓住了小鸟。故选C项。
26【答案】D考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到另一只鸟儿在笼边扑闪着翅膀。A. heard听到；B. realized意识到；C. recognized意识；D. noticed注意。根据句意推知，小女孩应该是注意到了小鸟。固定搭配notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人正在干某事。故选D项。
27【答案】A考查名词词义辨析。句意：她注意到另一只鸟儿在笼边扑闪着翅膀。A. edge边缘；B. top顶端；C. base基础；D. surface表面。根据下文“She could feel its great ____8____ for freedom.”可知，小鸟想要自由，所以会在笼子边飞舞，试图出去。on the edge of在……的边上。故选A项。
28【答案】B考查名词词义辨析。句意：她可以感觉到它对自由的巨大渴望。A. idea主意；B. wish渴望；C. share责任；D. destination目的地。根据后文“It needed to fly into the blue sky.”可知，鸟儿非常渴望回到天空之中。故选B项。
29【答案】A考查副词词义辨析。句意：她把它从笼子里拿出来，轻轻地抛向空中。A. softly轻轻地；B. quietly安静地；C. heavily沉重地；D. suddenly突然地。根据前文“Suddenly she felt the bird breathless. Her desperate love had killed it.”可知，由于她粗暴的行为导致小鸟的死亡，所以现在她为了不让小鸟再受到伤害，会轻轻地将小鸟放回到空中，故选A项。
30【答案】B考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到鸟儿快乐的样子，女孩很高兴。A. entertainment娱乐；B. enjoyment快乐；C. exercise 运动；D. singing歌声。根据上文“The bird circled once, twice, three times.”可知，小鸟非常开心能够在天空中飞翔，故选B项。
31【答案】D考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的心不再关心她的损失，她希望鸟儿快乐。A. opinion观点；B. relief安慰；C. pain痛苦；D. loss损失。根据上文“Suddenly she felt the bird breathless. Her desperate love had killed it.”可知，失去小鸟对小女孩来说是一种损失。故选D项。
32【答案】C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的心不再关心她的损失，她希望鸟儿快乐。A. trapped陷入困境的；B. strong强壮的；C. happy开心的；D. alone孤单的。根据前文“It needed to fly into the blue sky.”可知，小鸟回到蓝天获得自由，才会快乐。故选C项。
33【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，鸟儿飞得更近了，轻轻地落在她的肩膀上。A. landed降落；B. fell跌落；C. dropped下降；D. sat坐。根据分析可知，鸟儿应该是降落在小女孩的肩上，且land on固定搭配，意为降落于。故选A项。
34【答案】B考查动词短语辨析。句意：失去爱的方法，最快莫过于将其牢牢地抓在手心;令爱长驻的方法，最好莫过于赋予它一双翅膀。A. hold up举起；B. hold onto紧紧抓住；C. take up拿起；D. take in吸收。根据前文“she grasped it ___4___ .”以及文章大意可知，小女孩失去第一只小鸟就是握的太紧，太想不失去它，所以将失去爱的最快方法是紧紧抓住它，故选B项。
35【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：失去爱的方法，最快莫过于将其牢牢地抓在手心;令爱长驻的方法，最好莫过于赋予它一双翅膀。A. soul灵魂；B. life生活；C. wings翅膀；D. legs腿。根据前文“The fastest way to lose love is to____14____ it too tight”可知，与失去爱相对，令爱常驻的方法是赠他一双翅膀。故选C项。
四
There was once a wonderful old man who loved everything animals, spiders, insects and all sorts of living things.
One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a cocoon (面). He decided to take the cocoon home to watch its magic process of ___21___ from a little cocoon to beautiful ___22___.
A few days later the cocoon stared to move. It moved frantically (狂乱地). A small ___23___ appeared. He sat and watched it struggle and struggle for several hours to ___24___ its body through the little hole. But it seemed not to make any progress. Then the old man felt ___25___ for the little butterfly inside, and rushed to its aid. With a pair of scissors and ___26___, he cut the little opening big enough in the cocoon for the butterfly to come out. And then the butterfly came out of its cocoon, but it had a ___27___ body and small, fragile wings.
The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, ___28___ the wings would expand and be able to ___29___ the body, but nothing happened! It never was able to fly.
What the man, in his ____30____ and eagerness, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle ____31____ for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were nature's way of forcing fluid (液体) from the body of the butterfly into its wings ____32____ it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes ____33____ are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to ____34____ our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would weaken or even damage us over time both physically and mentally. We would not be as ____35____ as we could have been. In fact, it is necessary to live with some difficulties. And it is these obstacles and difficulties that make us strong and get prepared for the greater challenges in our life.
21. A. advancing B. growing C. transforming D. developing
22. A. dog B. butterfly C. cat D. snake
23. A. spot B. passage C. opening D. butterfly
24. A. expand B. push C. shrink D. force
25. A. sorry B. moved C. excited D. happy
26. A. cheerfully B. gently C. casually D. randomly
27. A. powerful B. awkward C. swollen D. flexible
28. A. in no way B. in no case C. by any chance D. at any moment
29. A. support B. protect C. control D. lift
30. A. carefulness B. willingness C. kindness D. sadness
31. A. arranged B. required C. intended D. prepared
32. A. if only B. as if C. as though D. so that
33. A. struggles B. pains C. failures D. sufferings
34. A. adapt to B. care for C. go through D. reflect on
35. A. potential B. strong C. patient D. energetic
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了，一位老人善意帮蝴蝶破茧，但蝴蝶无法飞翔，告诉我们一个道理：生活中有一些困难是必要的，因为这些障碍和困难使我们坚强起来。
21【答案】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定把茧带回家，看看它从一个小茧变成美丽蝴蝶的神奇过程。A. advancing前进；B. growing成长；C. transforming转变；D. developing发展。由下文的a little cocoon to beautiful ___2___可知，是从茧到蝴蝶的转变过程，transform…into…（从……转变成……）。故选C项。
22【答案】B考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定把茧带回家，看看它从一个小茧变成美丽蝴蝶的神奇过程。A. dog狗；B. butterfly蝴蝶；C. cat猫；D. snake蛇。由下文的Then the old man felt ___5___ for the little butterfly inside可知，茧里面的是蝴蝶，看茧化蝶。故选B项。
23【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个小洞出现了。A. spot地点；B. passage通道；C. opening洞；D. butterfly蝴蝶。由下文的he cut the little opening big enough in the cocoon for the butterfly to come out可知，茧上有小洞，因为蝴蝶要出来了。故选C项。
24【答案】D考查动词词义辨析。句意：他坐在那里看着它挣扎了好几个小时才强行把它的身体从小洞里钻出来。A. expand扩大；B. push推；C. shrink缩小；D. force强行。由上文的it struggle and struggle for several hours可知，蝴蝶破茧很艰难，挣扎了几小时才强行把它的身体从小洞里钻出来。故选D项。
25【答案】A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，老人为里面的小蝴蝶感到难过，赶紧去帮助它。A. sorry难过的；B. moved感动的；C. excited兴奋的；D. happy快乐的。由上文的it struggle and struggle for several hours可知，蝴蝶破茧很艰难，老人为蝴蝶感到难过。故选A项。
26【答案】B考查副词词义辨析。句意：他用剪刀轻轻地把茧里的小开口剪得足够大，让蝴蝶出来。A. cheerfully快乐地；B. gently轻轻地；C. casually随意地；D. randomly随机地。由常识和全文语境可知，蝴蝶茧很小，老人很心疼蝴蝶，所以是轻轻地拿剪刀剪开。故选B项。
27【答案】C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后蝴蝶从茧里出来了，但是它的身体肿胀，翅膀又小又脆弱。A. powerful强大的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. swollen肿胀的；D. flexible灵活的。由small, fragile wings.可知，它的身体肿胀，翅膀又小又脆弱。故选C项。
28【答案】D考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个人继续看着蝴蝶，因为他期待着，在任何时候，蝴蝶翅膀都会展开，能够支撑身体，但什么也没发生！A. in no way决不；B. in no case在任何情况下；C. by any chance可能；D. at any moment随时。由全文语境可知，老人希望在任何时候，蝴蝶都会展开翅膀，能够支撑身体。故选D项。
29【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人继续看着蝴蝶，因为他期待着，在任何时候，蝴蝶翅膀都会展开，能够支撑身体，但什么也没发生！A. support支持、支撑；B. protect保护；C. control控制；D. lift举起。由常识可知，蝴蝶展开翅膀是用来支撑自己身体的。故选A项。
30【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个人，在他的善良和急切中，不明白的是，有限制的茧和蝴蝶通过这个微小的洞所需要的斗争，是大自然将液体从蝴蝶身体中注入翅膀的方式，以便于蝴蝶可以准备好飞翔，一旦它从茧中解脱出来。A. carefulness粗心；B. willingness意愿；C. kindness善意；D. sadness悲伤。由上文语境可知，老人是出于善意，才用剪刀帮助蝴蝶破茧。故选C项。
31【答案】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人，在他的善良和急切中，不明白的是，有限制的茧和蝴蝶通过这个微小的洞所需要的斗争，是大自然将液体从蝴蝶身体中注入翅膀的方式，以便于蝴蝶可以准备好飞翔，一旦它从茧中解脱出来。A. arranged安排；B. required需要；C. intended打算；D. prepared准备。由本处语境可知，此处指蝴蝶通过这个微小的洞所需要的斗争，这种挣扎、斗争是蝴蝶会飞所需要的。故选B项。
32【答案】D考查连词词义辨析。句意：这个人，在他的善良和急切中，不明白的是，有限制的茧和蝴蝶通过这个微小的洞所需要的斗争，是大自然将液体从蝴蝶身体中注入翅膀的方式，以便于蝴蝶可以准备好飞翔，一旦它从茧中解脱出来。A. if only要是……就好了；B. as if好像；C. as though好像；D. so that以至于/以便于。由本处语境可知，此处指有限制的茧和蝴蝶通过这个微小的洞所需要的斗争，是为了以便于蝴蝶有飞翔的能力。是故选D项。
33A考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候奋斗正是我们生活中所需要的。A. struggles挣扎、奋斗；B. pains痛苦；C. failures失败；D. sufferings痛苦。由全文语境可知，本文主要讲struggle对蝴蝶/人的重要作用。故选A项。
34【答案】C考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们能在没有任何障碍和困难的情况下经历我们的生活，随着时间的推移，它会削弱甚至损害我们的身心。A. adapt to适应；B. care for照顾；C. go through经历；D. reflect on反思。由上文语境可知，蝴蝶就是因为没有经历困难破茧了，才失去了飞翔的能力，人如果也没经历困难，身心也会受到损害。故选C项。
35【答案】B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不会像以前那样强大。A. potential潜力的；B. strong强大的；C. patient耐心的；D. energetic精力充沛的。由上文的our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would weaken or even damage us over time both physically and mentally可知，人如果没经历困难，身心也会受到损害，人就不会强大。故选B项。
五
Yao Ming is China’s most famous basketball player. He may have retired from the ___21___, but he continued to ___22___ young people with his hard work once more, this time ___23___ the classroom instead. This 38-year-old man first ___24___ Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 2011 and graduated on July 8, 2018.
Yao Was born in a family of basketball player, ___25___ his father and mother insisted that Yao should get ___26___ education after his basketball career (职业). Yao’s first day at ___27___ was a big mess (麻烦，混乱), with hundreds of students ___28___ outside his classroom asking for ___29___ and signatures (签名). While many students lived in the university, Yao couldn’t — there was no bed to ____30____ the 2.26-metre-tall man.
In his commencement(毕业典礼) speech, Yao said, “If not for that promise to my father and mother, I might have ____31____ several times, especially since ____32____ had to take math. But over time, I came to believe that learning itself is more ____33____ than the result.” Yao also told his fellow graduates to think about what society needs ____34____ planning their next steps in life. Besides his role in the ____35____ management, Yao is also a wild Animal Aid ambassador as well as a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.
21. A. army B. sport C. factory D. office
22. A. encourage B. interest C. require D. order
23. A. to B. above C. in D. along
24. A. entered B. reached C. knew D. visited
25. A. for B. or C. so D. but
26. A. longer B. wider C. higher D. poorer
27. A. cinema B. station C. airport D. college
28. A. singing B. waiting C. reading D. dancing
29. A. postcards B. paintings C. photos D. presents
30. A. fit B. cover C. protect D. accept
31. A. looked up B. given up C. grown up D. broken up
32. A. I B. you C. she D. he
33. A. funny B. reasonable C. popular D. important
34. A. after B. while C. because D. although
35. A. volleyball B. football C. basketball D. baseball
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了姚明退役后继续用他的努力来鼓励年轻人，这次不是在球场，而是在教室里鼓舞了年轻人-----他从上海交通大学顺利毕业了。
21【答案】B考查名词词义辨析。句意：他可能已经退出了这项运动，但他继续用他的努力再一次鼓励年轻人，这次是在教室里。A. army军队；B. sport运动；C. factory工厂；D. office办公室。根据Yao Ming is China’s most famous basketball player可知，姚明是从运动领域退役了。故选B。
22【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能已经退出了这项运动，但他继续用他的努力再一次鼓励年轻人，这次是在教室里。A. encourage鼓励；B. interest使感兴趣；C. require要求；D. order命令。姚明作为一名篮球运动员鼓舞了很多年轻人，结合本句中的with his hard work once more可知，他再一次用努力鼓励年轻人。故选A。
23【答案】C考查介词词义辨析。句意：他可能已经退出了这项运动，但他继续用他的努力再一次鼓励年轻人，这次是在教室里。A. to向，到；B. above在……上方；C. in在……里面；D. along沿着。此处表示“在……里面”，用介词in。故选C。
24【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位38岁男子于2011年首次进入上海交通大学，并于2018年7月8日毕业。A. entered进入；B. reached到达；C. knew知道；D. visited拜访。根据graduated on July 8, 2018可知，在2011年进入大学。故选A。
25【答案】D考查连词词义辨析。句意：姚出生在一个篮球运动员的家庭，但是他的父母坚持认为姚应该在他的篮球生涯结束后接受高等教育。A. for因为；B. or或者；C. so因此；D. but但是。姚明出生在篮球世家，并且自己也在篮球方面取得成就，但是父母都坚持要他接受高等教育。故选D。
26【答案】C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：姚出生在一个篮球运动员的家庭，但是他的父母坚持认为姚应该在他的篮球生涯结束后接受高等教育。A. longer更长的；B. wider更宽的；C. higher更高的；D. poorer更贫穷的。根据上文内容可知，姚明进入了上海交通大学，因此父母希望他能接受高等教育。故选C。
27【答案】D考查动词词义辨析。句意：姚的第一天大学生活一团糟，数百名学生在他的教室外排队索要照片和签名。A. cinema电影院；B. station车站；C. airport机场；D. college大学。根据上文的Shanghai Jiao Tong University可知，此处表示大学生活的第一天。故选D。
28【答案】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：姚的第一天大学生活一团糟，数百名学生在他的教室外排队索要照片和签名。A. singing唱歌；B. waiting等待；C. reading阅读；D. dancing跳舞。根据hundreds of students和signatures可知，很多学生等着要签名。故选B。
29【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：姚的第一天大学生活一团糟，数百名学生在他的教室外排队索要照片和签名。A. postcards明信片；B. paintings绘画；C. photos照片；D. presents礼物。根据signatures可知，看到自己的偶像学生肯定会索要合影和签名的。故选C。
30【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多学生住在大学里，但姚明却不能——因为那里没有床来容纳这个2.26米高的人。A. fit适合；B. cover覆盖；C. protect保护；D. accept接受。根据the 2.26-metre-tall man可知，姚明太高了，学校的床不适合他。故选A。
31【答案】B考查动词短语辨析。句意：姚在毕业典礼演讲中说:“如果不是对父母的承诺，我可能已经放弃好几次了，尤其是因为我要学数学。” A. looked up查阅，向上看；B. given up放弃；C. grown up成长；D. broken up分裂，破裂。姚明因为觉得数学很难，有好几次想要放弃。故选B。
32【答案】A考查代词词义辨析。句意：姚在毕业典礼演讲中说:“如果不是对父母的承诺，我可能已经放弃好几次了，尤其是因为我要学数学。”A. I我；B. you你；C. she她；D. he他。此处是姚明的毕业演讲，需用第一人称。故选A。
33【答案】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，我开始相信学习本身比结果更重要。A. funny有趣的；B. reasonable合理的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. important重要的。姚明后来意识到学习本身比较重要。故选D。
34【答案】B考查从属连词辨析。句意：姚还告诉他的毕业生们，在规划人生的下一步时，要考虑社会需要什么。A. after在……之后；B. while当……时候；C. because因为；D. although尽管。姚明认为在规划人生的同时要考虑社会需求。故选B。
35【答案】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了篮球管理，姚还是一名野生动物救助大使和中国人民政治协商会议的成员。A. volleyball排球；B. football足球；C. basketball篮球；D. baseball棒球。根据文章第一段Yao Ming is China’s most famous basketball player可知，此处是信息词basketball的词汇复现。故选C。