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2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：冠词(2) 课件
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这是一份2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：冠词(2) 课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了必备知识 整合提升，核心考法 重难突破，易混知识 易错清单，强化模拟 限时训练，核心考法重难突破，考法训练，the，强化模拟限时训练，层级一 单句达标练，层级二 语篇提升练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
冠词
考法一 考查冠词的基本用法
考法二 考查冠词的固定搭配或习惯用法
考法三 考查抽象名词和物质名词前冠词的用法
(1)考查冠词的泛指和特指 冠词的泛指和特指是语法填空的常考点。主要有：①首次提到的人或物前用不定冠词；②上文已提到的人或物，再次提到时其前加定冠词the，或上文未提到但根据语境可判断出谈话双方都知道的人或物前加定冠词the；③被修饰语限定的名词表特指时，名词前加定冠词the。(2)考查比较等级前冠词的用法通常情况下，形容词和副词的比较级前不用加冠词；形容词和副词的最高级前要加定冠词the。但也有特殊情况：形容词比较级前用定冠词，表示“两者中较……的一个”，其前用不定冠词表示“一个更……的”。(3)考查序数词前冠词的用法序数词前通常用定冠词the，但也可用不定冠词，表示“再一，又一”。
[全国乙2021·65]Due t ______ grwing ppularity f envirnmentallyrelated and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.句意为：由于与环境有关的旅行和探险游越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅游现在都被归类为生态旅游。根据句意及设空处后的f envirnmentallyrelated and adventure travel可知，此处特指“与环境有关的旅行和探险游越来越受欢迎”，应用定冠词。故填the。
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·65]While yu're in China, Munt Huangshan is ______ must t visit!句意为：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一定要去的！ must在此处是可数名词，指一件必须做的事情，表泛指，所以应用不定冠词修饰，且must的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
[全国Ⅱ2020·70]The plum trees are ______ first t flwer even as the snw is melting (融化)．句意为：梅花树是最先开花的植物，甚至在冰雪正在融化的时候(就已经开花了)。根据设空处后的序数词first可知，设空处应用定冠词。故填the。
单句语法填空1．Su Bingtian, a Chinese sprinter (短跑运动员), set ______ new Asian recrd when he clcked 9.83 secnds in the men's 100 m semifinal at the Tky 2020 Olympic Games.2．When peple had ______ ability t use their imaginatin t express ideas, wd carving became a kind f art.3．As ppulatins increased in large cities in ______ nineteenth century, building subway lines was a way t mve peple frm ne area f a city t anther quickly and efficiently.
单句语法填空4．Cabbage, as an example, is______ great surce f vitamin C.5．Hwever, there is anther way f traveling—prism. Peple have a tur in ______ prest areas f the wrld.6．Mr.Liu, ______independent retail analyst, said, their strategy wuld have nly a mdest impact.
英语中有些固定的搭配，如：at first, ne… the ther…， in fact, as a result, … and a half, at an early age, in a hurry, make a living, take an interest in, take/have a rest, at the mment, at the same time, by the way, n the cntrary, t the pint等，其中冠词的使用是约定俗成的。结合语境，选择搭配，才能在语法填空中从容应对。
1 [全国甲2021·68]It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all ______ way arund the Xi'an City Wall.句意为：在西安城墙上骑行一周花了我们大约3个小时。all the way为固定搭配，意为“全程；一路上”。故填the。
2 [全国新高考Ⅱ2020·41改编]Each vlume in the set explres ______ wide range f material.句意为：这个系列丛书中的每一卷都探索广泛的材料。a range f意为“一系列”，为固定搭配。且range前的形容词wide的发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
单句语法填空7．As ______ result, they have difficulty cncentratingn ur lessns in class.8．All f ______ sudden, a wall brke apart and rcks and dirt filled the mine's exit.9．He said mst f the newly fund warrirs can be divided int tw grups. One grup is carrying spears, while______ther carries shields.
某些抽象名词和物质名词表达具体含义时，前面常加a/an。如：a success (一个成功的人/一件成功的事)。
[山东·29改编] Being able t affrd ______ drink wuld be ______ cmfrt in thse tugh times.句意为：在那些艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料是一件令人感到欣慰的事。a drink在此是物质名词具体化，指“一杯饮料”；a cmfrt在此是抽象名词具体化，指“一件令人欣慰的事”。故填a; a。
单句语法填空10．The Beijing Aerspace Cmmand and Cntrl Center declared the missin ______ cmplete success.
易混：有无冠词意义不同的搭配
at the table 在桌旁（不一定在吃饭）at table 在用餐at the schl 在学校里（不一定是上学）at schl 在上学；在学校里读书in the prisn 在监狱里（不一定是罪犯）in prisn 坐牢in the ffice 在办公室里in ffice 在职by the sea 在海边by sea 乘船（由海路）
by the day 按天by day 在白天in the frnt f… 在……（内部的）前面in frnt f… 在……（外部的）前面ut f the questin 不可能ut f questin 毫无疑问in the charge f… 在……的掌管之下in charge f 负责；掌管in the pssessin f… 为……所拥有in pssessin f… 拥有……in the sight f… 在……看来(in sight f 能看见)take the place f 代替(take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生)
单句填空1．With a clrful grup f dancers, a wide range f music and ______ atmsphere f fun and celebratin, the carnival is nt t be missed.2．As ______rmantic pet, sme f his pems, like Ode t the West Wind and T a Skylark, are amng the mst famus in English.3．As with all ther natinal museums in ______United Kingdm, it charges n admissin fee. 4．Last year a jurnalist was instructed by a wellknwn magazine t write ______article n the president's palace.
5.“Althugh it's mre pssible fr the chimpanzees t leave t the faster music, they did nt shw ______ actual preference fr the slwer classical music，” said Wallace.6．In shrt, I believe that it is f great use t keep a diary in English fr ______ develpment f ur writing skills.7．Frm tiny street stands t large chains, ______ amazing number f peple use mbile payment, mstly thrugh ppular apps Alipay and WeChat.8．Venice is ______ small waterside city in nrtheast Italy.
9．Frm the aspects f culture and histry, the Great Wall is______ancient masterpiece that yu can fully enjy.10．I frget what happened afterward, but fr that brief perid, we tw vastly different species cnnected, bridging ______ gap between us thrugh sngs.
Many students want t find friends n the Internet as a way f practicing their language skills and learning __1__ different cultures. With the Internet, finding friends has been much __2__ (easy) and such relatinship is called keypals. Hwever, yu shuld take care when __3__ (find) friends n the Internet.First, lk fr reviews f the sites yu have chsen __4__ (learn) mre abut ther students' experiences. Dn't use any service until yu __5__ (d) yur research.
冠词
考法一 考查冠词的基本用法
考法二 考查冠词的固定搭配或习惯用法
考法三 考查抽象名词和物质名词前冠词的用法
(1)考查冠词的泛指和特指 冠词的泛指和特指是语法填空的常考点。主要有：①首次提到的人或物前用不定冠词；②上文已提到的人或物，再次提到时其前加定冠词the，或上文未提到但根据语境可判断出谈话双方都知道的人或物前加定冠词the；③被修饰语限定的名词表特指时，名词前加定冠词the。(2)考查比较等级前冠词的用法通常情况下，形容词和副词的比较级前不用加冠词；形容词和副词的最高级前要加定冠词the。但也有特殊情况：形容词比较级前用定冠词，表示“两者中较……的一个”，其前用不定冠词表示“一个更……的”。(3)考查序数词前冠词的用法序数词前通常用定冠词the，但也可用不定冠词，表示“再一，又一”。
[全国乙2021·65]Due t ______ grwing ppularity f envirnmentallyrelated and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.句意为：由于与环境有关的旅行和探险游越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅游现在都被归类为生态旅游。根据句意及设空处后的f envirnmentallyrelated and adventure travel可知，此处特指“与环境有关的旅行和探险游越来越受欢迎”，应用定冠词。故填the。
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·65]While yu're in China, Munt Huangshan is ______ must t visit!句意为：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一定要去的！ must在此处是可数名词，指一件必须做的事情，表泛指，所以应用不定冠词修饰，且must的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
[全国Ⅱ2020·70]The plum trees are ______ first t flwer even as the snw is melting (融化)．句意为：梅花树是最先开花的植物，甚至在冰雪正在融化的时候(就已经开花了)。根据设空处后的序数词first可知，设空处应用定冠词。故填the。
单句语法填空1．Su Bingtian, a Chinese sprinter (短跑运动员), set ______ new Asian recrd when he clcked 9.83 secnds in the men's 100 m semifinal at the Tky 2020 Olympic Games.2．When peple had ______ ability t use their imaginatin t express ideas, wd carving became a kind f art.3．As ppulatins increased in large cities in ______ nineteenth century, building subway lines was a way t mve peple frm ne area f a city t anther quickly and efficiently.
单句语法填空4．Cabbage, as an example, is______ great surce f vitamin C.5．Hwever, there is anther way f traveling—prism. Peple have a tur in ______ prest areas f the wrld.6．Mr.Liu, ______independent retail analyst, said, their strategy wuld have nly a mdest impact.
英语中有些固定的搭配，如：at first, ne… the ther…， in fact, as a result, … and a half, at an early age, in a hurry, make a living, take an interest in, take/have a rest, at the mment, at the same time, by the way, n the cntrary, t the pint等，其中冠词的使用是约定俗成的。结合语境，选择搭配，才能在语法填空中从容应对。
1 [全国甲2021·68]It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all ______ way arund the Xi'an City Wall.句意为：在西安城墙上骑行一周花了我们大约3个小时。all the way为固定搭配，意为“全程；一路上”。故填the。
2 [全国新高考Ⅱ2020·41改编]Each vlume in the set explres ______ wide range f material.句意为：这个系列丛书中的每一卷都探索广泛的材料。a range f意为“一系列”，为固定搭配。且range前的形容词wide的发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
单句语法填空7．As ______ result, they have difficulty cncentratingn ur lessns in class.8．All f ______ sudden, a wall brke apart and rcks and dirt filled the mine's exit.9．He said mst f the newly fund warrirs can be divided int tw grups. One grup is carrying spears, while______ther carries shields.
某些抽象名词和物质名词表达具体含义时，前面常加a/an。如：a success (一个成功的人/一件成功的事)。
[山东·29改编] Being able t affrd ______ drink wuld be ______ cmfrt in thse tugh times.句意为：在那些艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料是一件令人感到欣慰的事。a drink在此是物质名词具体化，指“一杯饮料”；a cmfrt在此是抽象名词具体化，指“一件令人欣慰的事”。故填a; a。
单句语法填空10．The Beijing Aerspace Cmmand and Cntrl Center declared the missin ______ cmplete success.
易混：有无冠词意义不同的搭配
at the table 在桌旁（不一定在吃饭）at table 在用餐at the schl 在学校里（不一定是上学）at schl 在上学；在学校里读书in the prisn 在监狱里（不一定是罪犯）in prisn 坐牢in the ffice 在办公室里in ffice 在职by the sea 在海边by sea 乘船（由海路）
by the day 按天by day 在白天in the frnt f… 在……（内部的）前面in frnt f… 在……（外部的）前面ut f the questin 不可能ut f questin 毫无疑问in the charge f… 在……的掌管之下in charge f 负责；掌管in the pssessin f… 为……所拥有in pssessin f… 拥有……in the sight f… 在……看来(in sight f 能看见)take the place f 代替(take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生)
单句填空1．With a clrful grup f dancers, a wide range f music and ______ atmsphere f fun and celebratin, the carnival is nt t be missed.2．As ______rmantic pet, sme f his pems, like Ode t the West Wind and T a Skylark, are amng the mst famus in English.3．As with all ther natinal museums in ______United Kingdm, it charges n admissin fee. 4．Last year a jurnalist was instructed by a wellknwn magazine t write ______article n the president's palace.
5.“Althugh it's mre pssible fr the chimpanzees t leave t the faster music, they did nt shw ______ actual preference fr the slwer classical music，” said Wallace.6．In shrt, I believe that it is f great use t keep a diary in English fr ______ develpment f ur writing skills.7．Frm tiny street stands t large chains, ______ amazing number f peple use mbile payment, mstly thrugh ppular apps Alipay and WeChat.8．Venice is ______ small waterside city in nrtheast Italy.
9．Frm the aspects f culture and histry, the Great Wall is______ancient masterpiece that yu can fully enjy.10．I frget what happened afterward, but fr that brief perid, we tw vastly different species cnnected, bridging ______ gap between us thrugh sngs.
Many students want t find friends n the Internet as a way f practicing their language skills and learning __1__ different cultures. With the Internet, finding friends has been much __2__ (easy) and such relatinship is called keypals. Hwever, yu shuld take care when __3__ (find) friends n the Internet.First, lk fr reviews f the sites yu have chsen __4__ (learn) mre abut ther students' experiences. Dn't use any service until yu __5__ (d) yur research.
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