2023河南省湘豫名校联考高三上学期12月期末摸底考试英语含解析

绝密★启用前

湘 豫 名 校 联 考

2022年12月高三上学期期末摸底考试

英  语

注意事项：

1.本试卷共8页。时间100分钟，满分120分。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷指定位置，并将姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上，然后认真核对条形码上的信息，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。作答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并收回。

第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Are you fond of watching films?Does the colorful, natural, or spectacular scenery in the films attract you to travel to their locations? Although many films nowadays use many special effects, most scenes are captured in natural places, which can create lasting impressions on audiences. We have selected four beautiful film locations in China. Check them out!

Xixi National Wetland Park & If You Are the One

Lying in Hangzhou,East China's Zhejiang province,less than 5 kilometers from West Lake, Xixi National Wetland Park covers a total area of 11.5 square kilometers. It has rich ecological resources,beautiful natural scenery, and profound culture. Rivers, ponds, and lakes make up over 70 percent of the park, which is China's first national wetland park integrating（合并）urban，  agricultural，and cultural wetlands.

Great Bamboo Sea of China & Crouching Tiger,Hidden Dragon

The Great Bamboo Sea of China,commonly known as the Anji Bamboo Sea,is a national 4A-level tourism attraction dominated by Moso bamboo forests located in Anji county, Huzhou, East China's Zhejiang province. It has been recognized as the largest ecological leisure and tourism area featuring bamboo culture in southeastern China.

Moso bamboo grows all over the mountains in the scenic area, creating a magnificent landscape. The largest bamboo stalk（茎）， which has been exhibited at the National Agricultural Exhibition Center,has a diameter of 17 centimeters, with most stalks having a diameter of more than 10 centimeters.

Kaiping Diaolou Cultural Tourism Area & Let the Bullets Fly

Located to the southwest of the Pearl River Delta in South China's Guangdong province, Kaiping Diaolou Cultural Tourism Area is a well-known scenic spot that also serves as a base for scientific education. The magnificent and distinctive gardens,traditional and simple folk houses, and the diaolou (a multi-story folk residence)complexly joined with Chinese and Western architectural forms are wonderfully integrated with the surrounding mountains and rivers, ponds, farms, and rice fields in the tourism area.

With a long history and profound cultural resources,Kaiping Diaolou was on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2007.

Wulong Karst Tourism Area & Curse of the Golden Flower

Wulong Karst Tourism Area,located in Chongqing's Wulong district, has unique karst landscapes including three sections and also impresses visitors with distinctive folk customs of the Tujia, Miao, and Mulam ethnic groups.

The Three Natural Bridges in Wulong is a rare geological wonder of typical karst landforms and is home to three magnificent natural limestone arch bridges. They span the Yangshuihe Canyon in parallel and connect the mountains on both sides,forming an unusual landscape of "three bridges sandwiched by two pits".

1.Who will be most interested in the places above according to the text?

A.Cyclists and tourists.

B.Film fans and outdoor enthusiasts.

C.Actors and geologists.

D.Educators and writers.

2.What is special about Kaiping Diaolou Cultural Tourism Area?

A.It offers a well-known scenic spot.

B.It provides wonderful Western architectural forms.

C.It is a rare geological wonder of typical land-forms.

D.It was on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2007.

3.What do the four places have in common?

A.They are open to special events.

B.They enjoy convenient transportation.

C.They offer unique and spectacular scenery.

D.They are located in the same part of China.

B

When I first met professor Dalecki,I respected him greatly. He walked in the class in formal business suits as if he was prepared fora conference. He greeted everyone with a loud and clear"Good morning"like Jon Stewart from Daily Show. Then he started introducing himself and told everyone his name is Jacek, atypical Polish name that no one knows how to pronounce. He shared his frustration with the class and said,"People have already invented more than ten odd ways of calling my name inthe past decade,and most Americans prefer to call me Jay-cek,but it is really ya-cek.”From that moment, I knew there was something about him that made him stand out among all the professors I'd known before.

Professor Dalecki never believed in exams. He understood the huge workload that students have and never intended to make the exam questions hard for us to memorize.I once told him that I almost felt like the hell gate opened for me if I got a C. But he laughed and said,"If it were not for my loving girl friend giving me the exam questions,I can tell you I'd still be in high school somewhere in Warsaw."

What impressed me most was the exten the would go to avoid bias（偏见）in the classroom. He could turn an entire class into a battleground where everybody gets excited for a heated debate while staying objective as a mediator（调解人）who refused to force his own opinions on any side.

I visited him during his office hours once after class, eager to find out what his stances are on some of the issues we've covered in the class, so I asked,“In China, people really aren't that serious with when it is okay for teenagers to drink. What do you think of the minimum drinking age in America being set at 21?"

"I'm not supposed to answer that question,"he said.

"But why? You don't seem to take any side during the class and I'm just curious to hear how you really feel!"

"I choose not to share it because I don't want it to cloud your own judgments about how you think about certain things."

At that moment,I finally understood how much effort it really took for Dalecki to let us do our thinking on our own. His incredible mindset（观念模式）still has a huge influence on me till this day. So I will end this article with his quote:"It is at this stage in the class that I must ask myself,'Did I lie to you?'"

4.Why did professor Dalecki share his frustration with the class?

A.Because he wanted to be comforted.

B.Because he was really sad as his name was odd.

C.Because he cared much about the pronunciation.

D.Because he tried to introduce himself in a unique way.

5.What did professor Dalecki want to express in Paragraph 2?

A.To laugh at the author.

B.To make himself stand out.

C.To tell the author not to be nervous about the exams.

D.To encourage the author to look for a girlfriend to help him.

6.What does the underlined word“stances”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Circumstances.        B.Altitudes.        C.Attitudes.        D.Performances. 

7.What can we learn from the text?

A.Professor Dalecki is humorous and expert at education.

B.Professor Dalecki is objective when dealing with our quarrels.

C.Professor Dalecki once scolded the author in his office.

D. Professor Dalecki always refuses to communicate with his students.

C

There is a phenomenon education experts call"summer melt". High school students graduate with the best of intentions to go to college,even committing to a school,but then life happens: jobs, family, and fear all get in the way.

Over the pandemic（疫情），the register at four-year colleges remained stable for Lancaster students, opposite to national trends. But the register at two-year colleges fell by nearly half, suggesting that students who would otherwise pursue community college were rethinking their plans. Community colleges were slower than universities to return to in-person instruction. Financial insecurity over the course of the pandemic also likely played a role in the phenomenon, as families struggled with their ability to pay for college. This summer a new factor is likely to be on the table for low-income students: the attraction of high-paying jobs.

Brahmin Ntege,who graduated from McCaskey in the spring, was working in a factory this summer producing battery wires and cables full-time. The son of an immigrant from central Africa, he was accepted to several colleges,including Pennsylvania State and Temple universities, and plans to attend Millersville University, a public college just outside Lancaster. Some of his friends,Ntege said,have different plans. They want to go to college, but have decided to work for now to save up money—something he said wouldn't sway him and he would go to college, earn a degree and start making more money so that he wouldn't have to do the 9-to-5 job which might kill his body.

For colleges and universities,it's in their best interest to try to prevent“summer melt”. That's especially important as the register has declined by nearly 10 percent over the course of the pandemic, according to the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. Every student, no matter whether they intend to go to college or not, needs to have access to quality advising to help them sort through possible plans, preferably from someone who already knows them. If all the students had that kind of support,they'll be better off,whether they choose to go to college or not.

8.What is "summer melt" according to the text?

A. Universities decrease their admissions.

B.Fewer students work during the holidays.

C.High school graduates can't go to college.

D.The number of community colleges is declining.

9.Which is an effect on community colleges' register?

A.Students can't afford their college fees.

B.College graduates are hard to get a good job.

C. Community colleges only offer online teaching.

D.The pandemic makes community colleges shut down.

10.What should colleges do with“summer melt”?

A.Offering every student education loans.

B.Supporting students with free education.

C.Providing consulting services to students.

D.Helping students work to cover their expense.

11.What can be the best title for the text?

A.The pandemic's influences on colleges

B.The difficulty colleges face in registration

C.The new choices for high school graduates

D.The best interest of colleges and universities

D

About two years ago,several lunar missions showed that some lunar soil contains minute amounts of water molecules. But where did water on the moon come from? Answering that question can help us understand the moon's history and evolution, but also allow future engineers to potentially tap into this resource when building a sustainable moon base.

Chinese scientists have discovered that minerals in lunar soil might have got that substance （物质）critical for life from solar wind bombarding（轰炸）the moon's surface with hydrogen ions（氢离子），according to a study published in the journal Nature Communication on Saturday.

In a previous study,published in June,Chinese scientists concluded that most water found on the moon may have originated in its interior. That study,like the new one,was conducted on lunar samples from China's Chang'e-5 mission in 2020.

The study in June found that lunar soil had around 30 parts per million of water content in the form of hydroxyl（羟基），a close chemical relative of water. However， lunar minerals may contain water content of up to 179 ppm.One ppm of water would yield（产生）around 1 gram of water per metric ton（公吨）of soil.

The latest study essentially confirmed the estimates from the previous research,and those lunar minerals could contain even more water. Moreover, the new study identified solar wind as a key mechanism for the existence of water on the moon's surface.

The study found that the solar wind resulted at least 170 ppm of water content in lunar samples gathered by the Chang'e-5 mission. Lunar minerals such as pyroxene,plagioclase, and olivine are likely the main reservoirs（水库） of solar wind-derived water.

"This study has important implications for understanding the evolution of water on the lunar surface and evaluating the contribution of solar wind protons（质子）to the water reservoirs of the lunar surface,"the researchers said.

Lunar samples collected during the Chang'e-5 mission may hold the keys to answering these questions, since they are much younger than the ones collected by US and Soviet moon missions. So, the water content in the Chinese samples has had less time to be influenced by other factors,making these samples ideal for studying the moon's water.

12.What is the first paragraph intended for?

A.To answer the question.

B.To introduce the topic.

C.To clarify a concept.

D.To help us know the moon better.

13.What do Chinese scientists find about the water found on the moon from the latest study?

A.It could mainly come from the solar wind.

B.It could originate in the moon's interior.

C.Lunar soil contains abundant amounts of water.

D.Lunar minerals contain less water than expected.

14.What can we infer from Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6?

A.Lunar soil contains more water than Lunar minerals do.

B.Lunar minerals contain rich water coming from solar wind.

C. Solar wind should account for the existence of water on the moon.

D.The latest study basically confirmed all the estimates of previous study.

15.What is the author's purpose in writing the text?

A.To report the success of the Chang'e-5 mission.

B.To introduce how to build a sustainable moon base.

C.To explain the role of solar wind on the moon.

D.To report the findings of recent studies on the moon.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

In life,there are lots of skills we need to learn to navigate the world. We go to school to learn how to read,write,and do math,etc.But there are some skills you don't get taught in school that can help you grow and end up paying off not just in the short term, but throughout your whole life. ___16___.

Working Out Consistently

The hardest part about working out isn't lifting weights or running long distances.___17___. Learning how to make time in your life,at all stages of your life, to go to the gym, hit the pavement, or roll out your yoga mat is one of the greatest battles you may face within yourself. If you can master exercising consistently, the payoff will be huge.

Meditation（冥想）

___18___. Many people practice meditation during their entire lives to improve their meditation skills. But science shows that even meditating for just a few minutes a day can have vast improvements on your life and brain. Meditation can help you focus on the present moment,build stress-management skills,increase creativity and patience,and reduce negative emotions. Meditation also has some major long-term benefits.

___19___

The way you communicate with the world determines how the world interacts with you. If you can orally communicate your needs, thoughts, and goals with others in an effective way,you have a superpower that will help you get very far in business,relationships,and life. Being able to communicate with the written words also goes a long way — from being able to craft an email asking your boss for a raise, to writing out a business proposal. Being able to communicate through writing has enormous benefits for your life in the long term.

Waking Up Early

___20___. For others, it takes some getting used to. However, waking up early is one of those skills that can help you make good use of your day,get more hours,and work on the things that matter most to you. Many high-earning CEOs have early morning routines such as Jeff Bezos,Elon Musk,and so on. The most important aspect of waking up early is that it forces you to plan your day consciously,instead of just letting other people tell you when you wake up. When you take control of your schedule,you can make room for the things that really matter and improve your life.

A.Meditation Matters A Lot

B.Verbal & Written Communication Skills

C.The hardest part is actually making it a routine

D.For some,waking up early is as natural as breathing

E.Sitting in silence for any amount of time can be difficult

F.Some successful people attach great importance to getting up early

G.Here are some difficult skills that, once learned, will pay off forever

第二部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One night, our daughter informed us that her loose tooth had finally come out. My husband and I told her to put it under her ___21___so the tooth fairy would pay her a visit at night. Our daughter___22___and skipped to her room,___23___holding the tooth. We___24___ ourselves to pay for her tooth later. However, we were so___25___ of heavy housework that night that we  26  forgot our promise to each other.

The next morning,we were___27___by our daughter's scream calling us to see the tooth fairy's prize. I exchanged___28___glances with my husband and then___29___we did forget to place her prize. Quickly, we rushed to our daughter's room and found her looking out the window at a___30___.

"Isn't it beautiful?"she asked,and her eyes shone with___31___.

As my daughter stared out the window at her___32___in the sky,I reached under her pillow to "check for any other___33___that she might have overlooked". Then we advised her to ___34___ under her pillow again.

“Wow! Two prizes!”she said, proudly waving the dollar bill she“must have  35  ”during her first treasure hunt.

Later,as I___36___the situation,I realized that the tooth fairy had left a hidden  37 for me as well: a reminder that when___38__ rains on our carefully devised plans or even sends us unexpected___39___,there are always treasures to be___40___. We just need to look for the rainbows of life.

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

An artwork in the graduation exhibition of the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts has gone viral in late June. The artwork is a giant construction worker___41___(make) of more than 700 kilograms of steel and iron by Huang Jianyi, who named his sculpture The Soul of Construction Workers___42___honor of his father and all Chinese construction workers who have contributed to the___43___(country)urban development.

To build the piece,he___44___(buy)750kg of steel bars and iron plates from online platforms and nearby___45___(recycle) centers for about 4 yuan per kg. When he discovered that the bottom of his sculpture was uneven, he took it apart and started again.“Sometimes,I even stayed up from midnight to 5 or 6 am, and when the sun rose,I would sleep in my chair for a few hours,"Huang said."I think all the hard work was worth it,___46___(especial)now that the sculpture is being recognized by the public."

Born into a poor family,Huang said he deeply understood how hard life was for builders."As construction workers,___47___(me)parents frequently traveled for work, sometimes as far as Hainan province,and they used to return home once every few___48___ (month)," he said.

"My father,who is___49___backbone of my family,is not very good at expressing his feelings.   ___50___,I know he was very happy when he saw my sculpture,”Huang said.

第三部分  写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Yesterday in a parking lot,there stopped the fruit truck. The seller walked from car to car, tried to sell his strawberry. My mother had bought a big box, that contained six small baskets of strawberries. We knew we could not eat them up before they went badly. So. I asked to give some to our neighbors this morning. I initially refused and I did eventually go to three of our neighbors. I knocked on their doors and gave every a basket. I told them that I was their neighbor and my family and I was spreading love to the neighborhood by giving away strawberries. They gratefully accepted.

第二节  书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是某国际学校的学生，你校来自英国的交换生对中国的二十四节气非常感兴趣。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，在班会课上向他们重点介绍二十四节气中的立春。内容包括：

1.中国传统阳历将一年分为二十四个节气。2023年立春节气从2月4日开始，到2 月18日结束；

2.立春的习俗包括吃春饼、放风筝、竖鸡蛋等；3.邀请他们参加2023年的立春活动。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。

参考词汇：节气 solar term 立春 Start of Spring 春饼 spring pancake