初中英语鲁教版 (五四制)九年级全册Section A导学案

课题：Unit 1 When was it invented? 第2课时

学习目标：

1、重点单词

ruler(n.)统治者；支配者；boil(v.)煮沸；烧开；remain(v.)保持不变；剩余；smell（n.）气味（v.）发出……气味；闻到；doubt(n.)疑惑；疑问（v.)怀疑；fridge(n.)冰箱；low（adj.）低的；矮的；somebody(pron.&n.)某人；重要人物；lock（v.）锁上；锁住（n.）锁；earthquake（n.）地震；sudden(adj.)突然（的）；biscuit(n.)饼干；cookie(n.)曲奇饼；instrument(n.)器械;仪器；工具

2、重点词组

by accident偶然，意外地；a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong一位叫神农的中国统治者；over the open fire在火堆上；fall into the water落入水中；make tea泡茶；take place发生；出现；without doubt毫无疑问；的确；the saint of tea茶圣；at a low price以一个很低的价格；take these photos拍这些照片；go out alone单独外出；translate the book into different language把书翻译成不同种的语言；all of a sudden突然；猛地；work on从事，进行

3、重点句式

(1)Do you know that tea,the most popular drink in the world(after water), was invented by accident? 你知道茶，（继水之后）世界上最受欢迎的饮料，是被偶然发明的吗？

(2)Many people believe that tea was first drunk  nearly 5,000 years ago.许多人相信茶是在将近五千年前首先喝的。

(3)A nice smell was produced when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.当茶叶落入热水中时发出一种很香的味道。

(4)It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.它也讨论了什么地方出产最好的茶叶并且用什么样的水。

(5)It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.已确信茶是在六到七世纪期间被带到韩国和日本的。(6)—When was the zipper invented?拉链是什么时候发明的？—It was invented in 1893.它是在1893年被发明的。

(7)—Who was it invented by?它是由谁发明的？—It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.它是被惠特科姆·贾德森发明的。

(8)The students were told not to eat or drink in class.学生们被告知在课堂上既不吃或喝任何东西。

学习重难点：

重点:学会区分主动语态和被动语态。

难点:培养想象力及观察事物的能力。

导学设计：

1. take place发生; 出现

The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. 中国和西方国家的茶贸易出现在19世纪。

Great changes have taken place in the past few years. 过去的几年发生了很大的变化。

The earthquake happened in Japan in August, 2016. 2016年8月在日本发生了地震。

I happened to know that he worked in this city. 我碰巧知道了他在这个城市上班。

【归纳】 take place和happen

【现学现练】

(1) The sports meeting will　　　in September. Many students want to be volunteers.

A. take place   B. take part

C. take action   D. take care

 (2) The accident　　　on a rainy night.

A. was taken place  B. happened

C. was happened  D. took place

(3) Jim didn’t come to school. Do you know　　　?

A. what happened to him  B. what he happened

C. what was happened to him  D. what did he happen

2. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. 据说中国的一个统治者神农是第一个发现茶叶可以作为一种饮料的人。

【归纳】(1)It is said that. . . 意为“据说; 人们说”, 是People say that. . . 的被动语态形式, 其中it是形式主语, 后面的that从句是真正的主语。

It’s said that tea was invented by accident. =People say that tea was invented by accident. 据说茶是偶然被发明的。

(2)与It is said that. . . 类似的句型有:

①It is believed that. . . 人们认为……

②It is supposed that. . . 据猜测……

③It is reported that. . . 据报道……

④It’s known that. . . 众所周知……

【现学现练】

(1) 据报道, 中国将于2022年举办第24届冬奥会。

电影节。

_________________ that China will host the 24th Winter Olympic Games in 2022.

(2) 据说他是位乐于助人的人。

_________________  he is a man who is ready to help others.

(3) 众所周知杭州以西湖而出名。

_________________  Hangzhou is famous for West Lake.

3. remain v. 保持不变; 剩余

Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.

茶树的叶子掉进水里, 停留了一段时间。

After the big fire, nothing remained. 这场大火后, 什么也没剩下。

He had to remain in hospital until he was better. 他不得不一直住院直到身体好些。

【归纳】

(1)用作不及物动词, 意为“剩下; 剩余; 遗留”, 此时不能用进行时态, 也没有被动语态。

(2)用作连系动词, 指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态, 意为“仍然; 依旧”, 可接名词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。

It            a secret. 它仍然是个秘密。

Whatever achievements you’ve made, you should         modest. 无论你取得多么大的成就, 你都该保持谦虚。

The guests came in, but she         sitting at the desk reading book. 客人们都进来了, 但她还坐在写字台旁读书。

【现学现练】

(1) 他不得不待在车站过夜。

He had to _______ __ the bus station for the night.

 (2) After the earthquake, very little　　　in the city of Tangshan.

A. remained   B. was remained

C. is remained   D. remains

4.  一般现在时的被动语态

(1) I think the TV was invented (invent)before the car. I

(2) But at that time, it wasn’t used (not use)widely.

(3) When was tea brought (bring)to Korea?

(4) Who was it invented (invent)by?

【归纳】  1. 一般过去时被动语态的构成: was/were+及物动词的过去分词

2. 一般过去时被动语态的各种句式

3. 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题

(1)不及物动词没有被动语态。

这个故事发生在一个小山村里。The story _________ in a small village.

 (2)感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式, 主动语态中不带to, 但变为被动语态时, 必须加上to。

常见的动词有: make, let, see, hear, notice, watch等。

His mother makes him do some housework every day. →He is made __ ___ some housework every day by his mother.

他妈妈每天让他做些家务。

(3)动词带双宾语, 改为被动句时, 如果把直接宾语改为被动句的主语, 间接宾语的前面需加介词to或for, 这要取决于和它搭配的动词。

I bought my son a toy for his birthday. →A toy was bought         my son for his birthday.

我为儿子的生日买了一件玩具。

He didn’t give her the book. →The book wasn’t given          her by him. 他没有给她那本书。

(4)动词短语在被动句中要保持它的完整。

那位老人由他的孩子们照料。The old man _____________by his children.

【现学现练】

Ⅰ. 单项选择

1. Flowers　　　along the road last year.

A. plant   B. planted         C. are planted   D. were planted

2. Linda　　　to Mary’s birthday party yesterday and they had great fun.

A. is invited  B. was invited       C. will be invited  D. invited

3. Some money was lent　　　him by Mr Green.

A. at　　　　  B. for    C. to　　　　   D. with

4. In the past, he　　　what he was not interested in.

A. were made do      B. was made to do

C. made to do       D. made do

5. The children were hungry and the salad was quickly　　　.

A. eating up  B. ate up    C. eaten up   D. eats up

Ⅱ. 将下列主动句变为被动句

1. They found the lost boy under a bridge last night.

The lost boy ____________them under a bridge last night.

2. Tony sent an e-mail to Jack last night.

An e-mail __________Jack by Tony last night.

3. Did she wash the clothes yesterday?

_____ the clothes _______ by her yesterday?

4. They didn’t tell him the news immediately.

The news __________to him by them immediately.

5. When did they finish the work?

When ____ the work _______ by them?

知识巩固

Ⅰ. 单项选择

1. Pizza is ready now, and it　　　nice. Would you like some?

A. smells　　  　B. feels　　  　C. sounds　　  　D. gets

2. —Are you leaving now?

—No, I’ll stay here for　　　.

A. sometime   B. sometimes   C. some time   D. some times

3. —It’s too late. I have to go now.

—Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t leave　　　it stops.

A. since    B. until    C. while    D. when

4. I met him　　　in the street. We haven’t seen each other for a long time.

A. by accident         B. by mistake

C. all of a sudden        D. without doubt

5. Annie　　　to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.

A. invites         B. is invited

C. was invited        D. has invited

Ⅱ. 补全短文

根据课文内容选择方框中的词或短语并用其适当形式填空。

It’s 1.     that tea was discovered by a Chinese 2.      called Shen Nong. One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some 3.     from a tea plant 4.       the water and 5.       there for some time. It produced a nice 6.       so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. It’s 7.       that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear until about 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries 8.      in the 19th century. This helped to spread the popularity of tea to more places around the world. 9.    many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are 10.         the ones who best understand the nature of tea.

参考答案：

导学设计：

1. 【现学现练】 (1)A  (2)B(3) A

2.  【现学现练】 (1) It’s reported (2) It’s said that(3)  It’s known that

3. 【归纳】(2)remained； remain；remained【现学现练】 (1) remain at (2)A 

4. 【归纳】 (1)happened (2) to do(3)for ; to (4) is looked after【现学现练】Ⅰ. 1.D2.B3.C4.B5.CⅡ.1.was found by 2. was sent to3. Were; washed 4. wasn’t told 5. was; finished

知识巩固：

I. 1-5 ACBACⅡ. 1. said  2. ruler  3. leaves  4. fell into  5. remained  6. smell 7. believed  8. took place  9. Even though  10. without doubt