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期末必考题词汇运用专练二课件 2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级上册
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这是一份期末必考题词汇运用专练二课件 2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级上册,共19页。
人教版英语八年级上册词汇运用专练二一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.His bike______(break) down on the way to school this morning, so he was late for school.【答案】broke【解析】根据句意:今天早上在去学校的路上他的自行车坏了,所以他上学迟到了。由 this morning 可知时态为一般过去时。故填:broke。2.There______ (be) some news about the film Youth on TV tonight, isn't there?【答案】is going to be【解析】根据句意:今晚在电视上有一些关于电影《青春》的信息,不是吗?可知时态为 there be 结构的一般将来时 there is/are going to be, news 是不可数名词,be 动词用 is,故填:is going to be。3.What Rick said was only a joke—don't take it ______(serious).【答案】seriously【解析】考查副词。结合语境分析,可知句意为:里克刚刚说什么只是一个笑话——不要把它太当真。这里表示不要太严肃地去对待这件事,也就是不要太当真,这里用 serious 来修饰 take,所以应该使用副词 seriously。4.There are many______(university) in Changchun, for example, Jilin University.【答案】universities【解析】考查名词及其单复数。结合语境分析,可知句意为:在长春有很多所大学,比如吉林大学。使用了 many 来修饰名词 university,可知要使用其复数形式 universities。5.It is______(danger) for you to go out alone at night【答案】dangerous【解析】考查词性转换。结合语境分析,可知句意为:对你来说晚,上单独出去是很危险的。这里表示是危险的,应该使用形容词 dangerous。6.My favorite soccer team was _______(lucky) to lose the important game.【答案】unlucky【解析】考查形容词的反义词。结合语境分析,可知句意为:我最喜欢的足球队不幸运的输掉了这场重要的比赛。这里输掉比赛,应该使用形容词 unlucky 不幸的,倒霉的。7.Would you like to send him an _______ (invite) letter? I think he'll be happy for sure.【答案】invitation【解析】考查名词及单词拼写。句意为:你想要给他发个邀请信吗?我想他一定会很高兴的。invite 意为邀请,根据句意及 an 可判断,此空白处需要名词形式,即 invitation。8.After a night's work without sleep, he looked much ______(sleep) than usual.【答案】sleepier【解析】考查比较级。句意:在一晚上没有睡眠的工作后,他看起来比平常更困了。联系语境,根据 than 可知此句应用比较级表达;结合 look much 可知后面应该跟形容词的比较级形式;根据提示词为动词 sleep“睡觉”,其形容词为 sleepy,比较级为 sleepier,much 可修饰比较级,much sleepier 指困得多。9.Where shall we have the picnic if it _______(not be) rainy tomorrow morning?【答案】isn't【解析】考查主情从现。句子为 if 连接的条件状语从句,主句包含情态动词 shall,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,结合主语 it,否定形式应添加 be 动词 isn't。句意:如果明天早上不下雨我们去哪儿野餐呢?10.We all wonder why his new car _____(break) down on his way to work.【答案】broke【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我们都想知道为什么他的新车在上班的路上抛锚了。根据句意可知,抛锚这一动作已经发生,因此应该用一般过去时,break 的过去式为 broke。11.There are some______(different) between the two pictures.【答案】differences【解析】考查名词。different 形容词,不同的。difference 可数名词,区别,不同。some 修饰可数名词复数形式 differences。根据句意:这两幅画之间有些不同。12.Children should talk with their parents ______(week).【答案】weekly【解析】考查副词。weekly 每周,一周一次 adv。根据句意,孩子们应当每周和父母谈论一次。二、根据句意和汉语提示写单词完成句子1.In cold weather the_______(温度) gets very low.【答案】temperature【解析】考查名词及单词拼写。句意为:寒冷的天气温度变得非常低。temperature 意为温度。2.He has a cold. The doctor asks him to take some______(药).【答案】medicine【解析】考查名词。medicine 为不可数名词,意为“药”;句意:他感冒了,医生让他吃点药。3.We should_______(采取措施) overcome the fear.【答案】take steps to【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我们应该采取措施来克服恐惧。take steps to do sth. 意为“采取措施做某事”。4.Sun Yang will never forget those pleasant_______(经历) in space.【答案】experiences【解析】考查名词用法。句意:孙杨永远不会忘记他在太空中的那些有趣的经历。experience 当经历讲时是可数名词,所以应该用复数形式。5.My teacher often gives me some_______(建议) on how to learn English.【答案】advice【解析】句意:我的老师经常给我很多关于怎样学习英语的建议。建议,advice。6.The air in my hometown is very______(新鲜的). Do you want to come here?【答案】fresh【解析】考查单词拼写。fresh 意为“新鲜的”,此处作表语。句意:我家乡的空气很新鲜。你想过来吗?7.All of us should do everything we can to stop_______(污染).【答案】pollution【解析】考查名词填空。句意:我们都应该尽我们所能阻止污染。根据句意结合所给汉语提示,可知设空处要填名词“污染”。pollution,意为“污染”,是不可数名词,只有单数形式。8.Jill was very g______(高兴的) to get the offer from her dream dance school.【答案】glad;lad【解析】考查形容词拼写。glad 形容词,高兴的。根据句意:吉尔很高兴得到了梦寐以求的舞蹈学校的录取通知。9.The little girl suddenly d______(落下) her book when she heard the news.【答案】dropped;ropped【解析】考查动词。句意:小女孩听到这个消息时,突然放下了她的书。drop v. 落下,掉下,根据后半句“when she heard the news.”可知应用一般过去时,drop 的过去式是 dropped。10.Sally is not sure where Jack is._____ (或许) he is on the playground.【答案】Maybe;Perhaps【解析】考查副词。或许:maybe/ perhaps。句意:Sally 不确定 Jack 在哪。或许他在操场上。11.Tom ______(庆祝) his birthday with his friends two day ago.【答案】celebrated【解析】考查动词和时态。句意:汤姆两天前和他的朋友们庆祝了他的生日。根据句中的 two days ago 可知时态为一般过去时,所以空处应填入动词的过去式;celebrate 为动词,意为“庆祝”,其过去式为 celebrated。12.William told his father that he wanted to be a______ (科学家).【答案】scientist【解析】考查名词。句意:威廉告诉他父亲,他想成为一名科学家。不定冠词 a 后面接单数名词,scientist 为可数名词,意为“科学家”。三、根据句意和单词的首字母提示写单词完成句子1.Keeping d______is a good way to remember something important.【答案】diaries【解析】考查名词。根据 a good way to remember something important 结合首字母可知句意是:记日记是记住重要事情的好方法。diary 名词,日记,根据句意用复数。12.A good friend t________ cares about you.【答案】truly【解析】考查副词和词汇拼写。句意:一位好朋友会真的很关心你。根据题干可知空格处填副词修饰动词,truly 副词,真正地。 3.If you study hard and get three more p______you can pass the test.【答案】points【解析】考查可数名词规则变化。句意:如果你努力学习,多得三分,你就能通过考试。句子中放在 three more 后面跟名词复数形式,结合首字母 p,应该是 point,名词,分数。4.I will try my best to i______my English this year.【答案】improve【解析】考查动词。根据句意以及首字母提示,可知空格处应该填写“improve”vt. 改善,增进。句意:今年我将尽力提高我的英语水平。 5.Her family were so p______that they couldn't even buy her a new book.【答案】poor【解析】考查形容词。句意:她家太穷了,他们甚至不能给她买一本新书。poor 为形容词,意为“贫穷的”。6.Ivan is not careful enough, so his homework is always full of m_______ .【答案】mistakes【解析】考查复数名词。句意:Ivan 不够细心,所以他的作业总是错误很多。mistake 为可数名词,意为“错误”,其复数形式为 mistakes。 7.Listen, it's raining hard outside. Bring your u______ , Lucy.【答案】umbrella【解析】考查名词。umbrella,名词,雨伞。句意:听,外面在下大雨。Lucy,带上你的雨伞。8.I'm looking f _______ to see you soon.【答案】forward【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我期待马上见到你。look forward to 为固定短语,意为“期待”。 9.It's d______to play football on the road because there are too many cars passing by.【答案】dangerous【解析】考查形容词。句意:在路上踢足球很危险,因为过往的汽车太多了。It be adj. to do sth. 表示“做某事怎么样”, 根据句中的 because there are too many cars passing by 可知在马路上踢球很危险,由此联想到形容词 dangerous,表示“危险的”。10.In a______, tree leaves turn yellow and begin to fall down.【答案】autumn【解析】考查名词。句意:秋天,树叶变黄,然后开始掉落。根据常识可知,秋天的时候叶子才会变黄掉落,由此联想到名词 autumn,意为“秋天”。 11.Every coin has two s_____. You should use the Internet in a proper way.【答案】sides【解析】考查词汇拼写和可数名词规则变化。句意:事物都有正反两方面。你应该以正确的方式使用互联网。side 为可数名词,意为“方面”,其复数形式为 sides;two 后面接复数名词。12.—Have you ever read the book War and P_______?—No, never.【答案】Peace【解析】考查名词。句意:——你看过《战争与和平》这本书吗?——不,从来没有。根据题目,这里是书名《战争与和平》,war,名词,战争,and 连接前后词性一致,故答案为:Peace。
人教版英语八年级上册词汇运用专练二一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.His bike______(break) down on the way to school this morning, so he was late for school.【答案】broke【解析】根据句意:今天早上在去学校的路上他的自行车坏了,所以他上学迟到了。由 this morning 可知时态为一般过去时。故填:broke。2.There______ (be) some news about the film Youth on TV tonight, isn't there?【答案】is going to be【解析】根据句意:今晚在电视上有一些关于电影《青春》的信息,不是吗?可知时态为 there be 结构的一般将来时 there is/are going to be, news 是不可数名词,be 动词用 is,故填:is going to be。3.What Rick said was only a joke—don't take it ______(serious).【答案】seriously【解析】考查副词。结合语境分析,可知句意为:里克刚刚说什么只是一个笑话——不要把它太当真。这里表示不要太严肃地去对待这件事,也就是不要太当真,这里用 serious 来修饰 take,所以应该使用副词 seriously。4.There are many______(university) in Changchun, for example, Jilin University.【答案】universities【解析】考查名词及其单复数。结合语境分析,可知句意为:在长春有很多所大学,比如吉林大学。使用了 many 来修饰名词 university,可知要使用其复数形式 universities。5.It is______(danger) for you to go out alone at night【答案】dangerous【解析】考查词性转换。结合语境分析,可知句意为:对你来说晚,上单独出去是很危险的。这里表示是危险的,应该使用形容词 dangerous。6.My favorite soccer team was _______(lucky) to lose the important game.【答案】unlucky【解析】考查形容词的反义词。结合语境分析,可知句意为:我最喜欢的足球队不幸运的输掉了这场重要的比赛。这里输掉比赛,应该使用形容词 unlucky 不幸的,倒霉的。7.Would you like to send him an _______ (invite) letter? I think he'll be happy for sure.【答案】invitation【解析】考查名词及单词拼写。句意为:你想要给他发个邀请信吗?我想他一定会很高兴的。invite 意为邀请,根据句意及 an 可判断,此空白处需要名词形式,即 invitation。8.After a night's work without sleep, he looked much ______(sleep) than usual.【答案】sleepier【解析】考查比较级。句意:在一晚上没有睡眠的工作后,他看起来比平常更困了。联系语境,根据 than 可知此句应用比较级表达;结合 look much 可知后面应该跟形容词的比较级形式;根据提示词为动词 sleep“睡觉”,其形容词为 sleepy,比较级为 sleepier,much 可修饰比较级,much sleepier 指困得多。9.Where shall we have the picnic if it _______(not be) rainy tomorrow morning?【答案】isn't【解析】考查主情从现。句子为 if 连接的条件状语从句,主句包含情态动词 shall,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,结合主语 it,否定形式应添加 be 动词 isn't。句意:如果明天早上不下雨我们去哪儿野餐呢?10.We all wonder why his new car _____(break) down on his way to work.【答案】broke【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我们都想知道为什么他的新车在上班的路上抛锚了。根据句意可知,抛锚这一动作已经发生,因此应该用一般过去时,break 的过去式为 broke。11.There are some______(different) between the two pictures.【答案】differences【解析】考查名词。different 形容词,不同的。difference 可数名词,区别,不同。some 修饰可数名词复数形式 differences。根据句意:这两幅画之间有些不同。12.Children should talk with their parents ______(week).【答案】weekly【解析】考查副词。weekly 每周,一周一次 adv。根据句意,孩子们应当每周和父母谈论一次。二、根据句意和汉语提示写单词完成句子1.In cold weather the_______(温度) gets very low.【答案】temperature【解析】考查名词及单词拼写。句意为:寒冷的天气温度变得非常低。temperature 意为温度。2.He has a cold. The doctor asks him to take some______(药).【答案】medicine【解析】考查名词。medicine 为不可数名词,意为“药”;句意:他感冒了,医生让他吃点药。3.We should_______(采取措施) overcome the fear.【答案】take steps to【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我们应该采取措施来克服恐惧。take steps to do sth. 意为“采取措施做某事”。4.Sun Yang will never forget those pleasant_______(经历) in space.【答案】experiences【解析】考查名词用法。句意:孙杨永远不会忘记他在太空中的那些有趣的经历。experience 当经历讲时是可数名词,所以应该用复数形式。5.My teacher often gives me some_______(建议) on how to learn English.【答案】advice【解析】句意:我的老师经常给我很多关于怎样学习英语的建议。建议,advice。6.The air in my hometown is very______(新鲜的). Do you want to come here?【答案】fresh【解析】考查单词拼写。fresh 意为“新鲜的”,此处作表语。句意:我家乡的空气很新鲜。你想过来吗?7.All of us should do everything we can to stop_______(污染).【答案】pollution【解析】考查名词填空。句意:我们都应该尽我们所能阻止污染。根据句意结合所给汉语提示,可知设空处要填名词“污染”。pollution,意为“污染”,是不可数名词,只有单数形式。8.Jill was very g______(高兴的) to get the offer from her dream dance school.【答案】glad;lad【解析】考查形容词拼写。glad 形容词,高兴的。根据句意:吉尔很高兴得到了梦寐以求的舞蹈学校的录取通知。9.The little girl suddenly d______(落下) her book when she heard the news.【答案】dropped;ropped【解析】考查动词。句意:小女孩听到这个消息时,突然放下了她的书。drop v. 落下,掉下,根据后半句“when she heard the news.”可知应用一般过去时,drop 的过去式是 dropped。10.Sally is not sure where Jack is._____ (或许) he is on the playground.【答案】Maybe;Perhaps【解析】考查副词。或许:maybe/ perhaps。句意:Sally 不确定 Jack 在哪。或许他在操场上。11.Tom ______(庆祝) his birthday with his friends two day ago.【答案】celebrated【解析】考查动词和时态。句意:汤姆两天前和他的朋友们庆祝了他的生日。根据句中的 two days ago 可知时态为一般过去时,所以空处应填入动词的过去式;celebrate 为动词,意为“庆祝”,其过去式为 celebrated。12.William told his father that he wanted to be a______ (科学家).【答案】scientist【解析】考查名词。句意:威廉告诉他父亲,他想成为一名科学家。不定冠词 a 后面接单数名词,scientist 为可数名词,意为“科学家”。三、根据句意和单词的首字母提示写单词完成句子1.Keeping d______is a good way to remember something important.【答案】diaries【解析】考查名词。根据 a good way to remember something important 结合首字母可知句意是:记日记是记住重要事情的好方法。diary 名词,日记,根据句意用复数。12.A good friend t________ cares about you.【答案】truly【解析】考查副词和词汇拼写。句意:一位好朋友会真的很关心你。根据题干可知空格处填副词修饰动词,truly 副词,真正地。 3.If you study hard and get three more p______you can pass the test.【答案】points【解析】考查可数名词规则变化。句意:如果你努力学习,多得三分,你就能通过考试。句子中放在 three more 后面跟名词复数形式,结合首字母 p,应该是 point,名词,分数。4.I will try my best to i______my English this year.【答案】improve【解析】考查动词。根据句意以及首字母提示,可知空格处应该填写“improve”vt. 改善,增进。句意:今年我将尽力提高我的英语水平。 5.Her family were so p______that they couldn't even buy her a new book.【答案】poor【解析】考查形容词。句意:她家太穷了,他们甚至不能给她买一本新书。poor 为形容词,意为“贫穷的”。6.Ivan is not careful enough, so his homework is always full of m_______ .【答案】mistakes【解析】考查复数名词。句意:Ivan 不够细心,所以他的作业总是错误很多。mistake 为可数名词,意为“错误”,其复数形式为 mistakes。 7.Listen, it's raining hard outside. Bring your u______ , Lucy.【答案】umbrella【解析】考查名词。umbrella,名词,雨伞。句意:听,外面在下大雨。Lucy,带上你的雨伞。8.I'm looking f _______ to see you soon.【答案】forward【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我期待马上见到你。look forward to 为固定短语,意为“期待”。 9.It's d______to play football on the road because there are too many cars passing by.【答案】dangerous【解析】考查形容词。句意:在路上踢足球很危险,因为过往的汽车太多了。It be adj. to do sth. 表示“做某事怎么样”, 根据句中的 because there are too many cars passing by 可知在马路上踢球很危险,由此联想到形容词 dangerous,表示“危险的”。10.In a______, tree leaves turn yellow and begin to fall down.【答案】autumn【解析】考查名词。句意:秋天,树叶变黄,然后开始掉落。根据常识可知,秋天的时候叶子才会变黄掉落,由此联想到名词 autumn,意为“秋天”。 11.Every coin has two s_____. You should use the Internet in a proper way.【答案】sides【解析】考查词汇拼写和可数名词规则变化。句意:事物都有正反两方面。你应该以正确的方式使用互联网。side 为可数名词,意为“方面”,其复数形式为 sides;two 后面接复数名词。12.—Have you ever read the book War and P_______?—No, never.【答案】Peace【解析】考查名词。句意:——你看过《战争与和平》这本书吗?——不,从来没有。根据题目,这里是书名《战争与和平》,war,名词,战争,and 连接前后词性一致,故答案为:Peace。
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