2023届中考英语一轮复习专题练习：专题十一 完形填空 考点19 科普说明类（A卷）

这是一份2023届中考英语一轮复习专题练习：专题十一 完形填空 考点19 科普说明类（A卷），共7页。试卷主要包含了完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、
We live in the cmputer age (时代). Peple 1 scientists, teachers, writers and even students use cmputers t d all kinds f wrk. But mre than 50 years ag 2 culdn’t d much. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 peple were interested in them and knew hw t use them. Tday cmputers are small and 4 They can d a lt f wrk. Many peple like t use them. Sme peple 5 have mre than ne f them at hme.
Cmputers becme very imprtant because they can wrk 6 and make few mistakes. Cmputers can 7 peple d a lt f wrk. Writers nw use cmputers t 8 Teachers use them t help with teaching. Students use them t 9 Cmputers can als remember what yu 10 . Cmputers are very useful and helpful. They are ur
friend. D yu want t have a cmputer?
1.A. like B. as C. and D. with
2.A. students B. scientists C. teachers D. cmputers
3.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
4.A. same B. cheap C. ld D. expensive
5.A. even B. still C. already D. yet
6.A. again B. fast C. slw D. last
7.A. help B. make C. stp D. use
8.A. write B. play C. study D. learn
9.A. sing B. study C. dance D. watch
10.A. put in B. put n C. input D. laugh
二、
In sme science fictin mvies, peple in the future have their wn rbts. These rbts are just like humans. They help with the husewrk and d the mst 1 jbs.
Sme scientists believe that there will be such rbts in the future. Hwever，they agree it may take hundreds f years. Scientists are nw trying t make rbts lk like peple and 2 the same things as us. Japanese cmpanies have already made rbts walk and dance. This kind f rbt will als be fun t watch.
But rbt scientist James White disagrees. He thinks that it will be 3 fr a rbt t d the same things as a persn. Fr example, it's easy fr a child t 4 and knw where he r she is. Mr. White thinks that rbts wn't be able t d this. But ther scientists disagree. They think that rbts will be able t talk t peple 5 25 t 50 years.
Rbt scientists are nt just trying t make rbts lk like peple. Fr example ,there are already rbts 6 in factries. These rbts lk mre like huge arms. They d simple jbs ver and ver again. Peple wuld nt like t d such jbs and wuld get bred. But rbts will 7 get bred.
In the future, there will be mre rbts everywhere, and humans will have 8 wrk t d. New rbts will have many different 9 . Sme will lk like humans, and thers might lk like 10 . After an earthquake，a snake rbt culd help lk fr peple under buildings. That may nt seem pssible nw, but cmputers, space rckets and even electric tthbrushes seemed impssible a hundred years ag. We never knw what will happen in the future!
1. A. unpleasantB. pleasant C. bred D. interesting
2. A. t dB. ding C. d D. did
3. A. easyB. pssibleC. exciting D. hard
4. A. lk upB. wake upC. turn upD. put up
5. A. afterB. befreC. abut D. in
6. A. wrkB. wrkingC. t wrkD. wrked
7. A. n B. ever C. never D. always
8. A. less B. a little C. fewer D. a few
9. A. namesB. clrsC. sizes D. shapes
10. A. turtlesB. snakesC. mnsters D. spiders
三、
A rbt wrked first at a Chinese bank. Many peple are 1 in the smart rbt. Jiajia is the first rbt t 2 at the Bank in Dalian, Lianing Prvince. It can serve peple in many 3 .
The smiling rbt is able t 4 peple many different kinds f services. It can wrk as a guide. It can als answer peple’s questins. It cmmunicates (交流) with peple 5 tuching, speaking and thrugh bdy language.
The rbt is able t ffer ther perfect services, 6 "Can we take a pht tgether?" ne custmer asked. "Cme n, 7 make sure t use PS (图像处理软件) please," Jiajia answered. Many peple laughed when they 8 Jiajia’s answer.
The rbt has attracted (吸引) a larger number f peple n its first day at wrk.
Bank f Tky Mitsubishi UFJ, ne f the wrld’s largest banks, intrduced the new rbt named Na. He will be able t answer custmers’ questins abut the bank’s services. Na’s a bit 8 than a nrmal bank teller — he is just 23 inches tall and 10 abut 9 punds. He speaks 19 languages and Mitsubishi UFJ hpes he’ll help a lt f freign custmers fr the Tky Olympics in 2020.
B.interested C.bred D.happy
B.meet C.wrk D.make
B.huses C.places D.times
B.use C.give D.ffer
B.n C.with D.in
well B.als C.t D.either
B.r C.s D.but
B.heard C.realized D.fund
B.taller C.smaller D.heavier
B.weighs C.says D.lks
四、
D yu ften dream when sleeping? Hw d yu feel after having a dream? Can yu always remember what’s in yur dreams?
"Dreams may be mre imprtant than sleep. We all 1 t dream," sme scientists(科学家) say.
Dreams take up abut ne quarter f ur sleeping time. Peple have 2 dreams each night. Dreams are like shrt 3 . They are usually in clurs. Sme dreams are like ld films. They cme t peple again and again. Peple may repeat the 4 dream mre than nce. That may be 5 the dreamer is wrrying abut smething during the days. Dreaming might be a way f trying t find a(n) 6 .
Sme peple get new ideas abut their wrk frm their dreams. Maybe they are 7 their wrk all day. S these ideas may cntinue existing(存在) in their dreams.
T much dreaming can be 8 fr peple. The mre we sleep, the lnger we dream. The mind is wrking hard when we dream. S smetimes we sleep lng but still wake up 9 .
At present, peple still have n way t 10 dreaming. Sme peple may frget their dreams in the mrning. Hwever, we all hpe t have sweet dreams at night.
B.agree C.need D.like
B.a few C.little D.a little
B.sngs C.plays D.films
B.same C.different D.strange
B.because C.but D.s
B.questin C.answer D.result
abut B.lking fr C.caring abut D.thinking abut
B.bad C.health D.fit
B.bred C.interested D.excited
B.stp C.change D.mix
答案以及解析
一、答案：ADABA BAABC
解析：1.句意为:人们,像科学家、老师、作家、甚至是学生,用电脑做各种工作。like在句中作介词,意为"像'符合语境。
2.结合下文"They were very big and expensive"和 Tday cmputers are small可知选D项。
3.a few和few修饰可数名词复数,a little和little修饰不可数名词;little和few表示否定的含义,a little和a few表示肯定的含义。根据设空后的peple可排除C、D选项;根据语境可知此处表示否定含义。故选A项。
4.句意为:如今电脑很小而且很便宜。根据语境可知此处在介绍现在电脑的优点,结合前文的big and expensive可知此处表示"便宜的"。故选B项。
5.句意为:一些人甚至家里有多于一台电脑。四个选项的意思分别为"甚至" "仍然""已经""还;尚"。结合上下文可知选A项。
6.根据make few mistakes可知此处表示电脑工作得很快,选B项
7.四个选项的含义分别为"帮助""使;让""使停止""使用"。 福据语境和该句句意"电脑可以帮助人们做很多工作."可知选A项
8.根据句子的主语Write is可知此处表示"作家现在用电脑写作"。故选A项。
9.根据主语是Students可知此处表示"学生用它们(电脑)学习"。故选B项。
10.​四个选项的含义分别为 “安装(设备)""穿上""把(资料) g入(计算机)" "笑"。根据语境和该句句意"电脑还可以记住你输入的东西."可知选C项。
二、答案：ACDBD BCADB
解析：1. A提示：unpleasant令人不愉快的；pleasant令 人愉快的；bred感到无聊的；interesting有趣的。 句意为“它们帮助人们做家务以及做最令人不愉快 的工作。”。
2. C 提示:表示“使某人做某事，，用 make sb. d sth. 。
3. D 提示：easy 容易的； pssible可能的；exciting令人激动的；hard困难 的。句意为“他认为对于机器人来讲，与人做一样 的事情很难。”。
4. B 提示：lk up查找；wake up醒来；turn up把音量调大；put up张贴，举起。 句意为“例如，对于一个小孩儿来讲，醒来并知道他 或她在哪儿很容易。”。
5. D 提示：句意为“他们 认为机器人在25到50年之后能与人交谈。”。表 示“在……之后”，并用于一般将来时，用in。
6. B 提示：“There be+名词+现在分词+其他” 表示“有某人/物正在做某事”。
7. C 提示:结 合上文的描述可知，机器人从不感到无聊.表示“从不”用never。
8. A 提示：句意为“在将来，到处会有更多的机器人，人类将有更少的工作要做。”。 wrk是不可数名词，表示“更少的”用less修饰 wrk。
9. D 提示：由下文的描述可知，新的机 器人将有许多不同的“形状”。
10. B 提示：由下文“After an earthquake，a snake rbt culd help lk fr peple under buildings. ”可知，其他的可能 看起来像“蛇”]。
三、答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.D; 5.A; 6.C; 7.D; 8.B; 9.C; 10.B
解析：1.固定短语be interested in意为"对……感兴趣"。故选B。
2.由文章第一句"A rbt wrked first at a Chinese bank"可知,此处指"Jiajia是一个工作在辽宁省大连一家银行的机器人"。故选C。
3.由上下文语境可知,此处指"它(机器人)可在很多方面服务人们"。故选A。
4.这一台微笑机器人可以给人们提供很多不同种类的服务。
5.介词by表示"凭借……,通过……"。
6.as well常用于肯定句及疑问句句末,前面一般无逗号;als常用于肯定句及疑问句,通常位于谓语动词前面,助动词和情态动词后面;有时也可位于句首,其后用逗号隔开;t常用于肯定句及疑问句,句末,前面一般有逗号;either常用于否定句。
7.由语境可知,空格前后表示转折关系,故用转折连词but。
8.由语境可知,当人们听到Jiaja的回答时都笑了。故选B。
9.由下文中的"he is just 23 inches tall and 25 abut 9punds"可知,Na比正常人小。
10.由空格后的"abut 9 punds"可知,此处表示"重达约9磅"。故选B。
四、答案：1-5 CBDBB 6-10 CDBAB
解析：1.句意:我们都需要做梦。want想要; agree同意; need需要; like喜欢。根据文中的句子"Dreams take up abut ne quarter f ur sleeping time."(梦占据了我们睡眠时间的四分之一)可知,人都需要做梦,故选C。
2.句意:人们每晚都会做几个梦。few很少, 修饰可数名词, 表示否定的含义; a few几个, 修饰可数名词,表示肯定的含义; little很少, 修饰不可数名词,表示否定; a little几个, 修饰不可数名词,表示肯定。根据空格后的dreams是复数,故排除选项C和D。句子说的是做几个梦,表达肯定。故选B。
3.句意:梦就像短片。stries故事;sngs歌曲;plays戏剧;films电影。后文的句子"Sme dreams are like ld films."谈到了film,故选D。
4.句意:人们可能不止一次地重复同一个梦。nly只有;same相同的;different不同的;strange奇怪的。根据文中的句子"Sme dreams are like ld films. They cme t peple again and again."可知,空格所在句说的是人们会重复做同一个梦。故选B。
5.句意:这可能是因为做梦的人在白天担心一些事情。if如果;because因为;but但是;s因此。根据语境可知,人们可能不止一次地重复同一个梦是因为做梦的人在白天担心一些事情。故选B。
6.句意:做梦可能是寻找答案的一种方式。way方式;questin问题;answer回答,答案;result结果。根据语境可知,做梦的人白天担心的事情,晚上做梦可能是在寻找答案,故选C。
7.句意:也许他们整天都在想着自己的工作。talking abut谈论;lking fr寻找;caring abut关心,在意;thinking abut考虑。根据下文的句子"S these ideas may cntinue existing(存在) in their dreams"可知,他们整天考虑自己的工作,故选D。
8.句意:做太多的梦可能对人有害。gd好的;bad坏的;health健康;fit适合。根据下文中的句子"The mre we sleep, the lnger we dream. The mind is wrking hard when we dream."可知,本题考查be bad fr"对有害"。故选B。
9.句意:所以有时候我们睡得很长,但醒来时仍然很累。tired疲倦的;bred厌烦的;interested感兴趣的;excited令人兴奋的。根据前文的句子"The mre we sleep, the lnger we dream. The mind is wrking hard when we dream."可知,睡得越长,醒来会累。故选A。
10.句意:人们仍然没有办法停止做梦。start开始;stp停止;change改变;mix混合。根据下文"Sme peple may frget their dreams in the mrning. Hwever, we all hpe t have sweet dreams at night."可知,人们没有办法停止做梦。故选B。