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2022-2023学年广东省广州市天河区华南名校高二上学期12月月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广州市天河区华南名校高二上学期12月月考英语试题含解析，共34页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，单词拼写，课文填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023 高二上学期英语阶段测试(二)
选择性必修二第 2-4 单元
第一卷
一、单项选择 (共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
1. If I am not ________ so many barriers, I wouldn’t be where I am.
A. facing with B. faced to
C. facing to D. faced with
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果我没有面对这么多障碍，我就不会有今天的成就。句中be faced with为固定短语，意为“面对”。故选D。
2. All her time________ experiments, she has no time for films and dates.
A. devoted to doing B. is devoted to do
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：她所有的时间都用于做实验，没有时间看电影和约会。devote one’s time to doing是固定短语，意为“把时间花在做某事上”，因此to后跟动名词作宾语，句中谓语是has，空格处用非谓语动词，是独立主格结构，time和devote之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词devoted表被动，因此空格处是devoted to doing。故选A。
3. Many adolescents are addicted to online computer games, and it is believed some gaming app companies were________ because they didn’t adequately check their users’ registration.
A. to be blamed B. to blame C. blamed for D. blamed on
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：许多青少年沉迷于网络电脑游戏，据信一些游戏应用公司应受责备，因为他们没有充分检查用户的注册。A. to be blamed受到责备；B. to blame责备 ；C. blamed for因……责备；D. blamed on把责任推给……。be to blame为固定搭配，表示“应受责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，符合句意。故选B项。
4. Hardly_____ to sit and have a rest when the phone________.
A. she had had time; rang B. she had time; had rang
C. had she had time; rang D. did she had time; had rang
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：她刚想坐下来休息一会儿，电话就响了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“主语+had hardly done…when+主语+did”，意为“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时，“Hardly”位于句首，句要用部分倒装，“had”提前，故空格一填“had she had time”，从句用一般过去时，故空格二填“rang”。故选C项。
5. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had________ from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
A. risen B. raised C. arose D. aroused
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2001年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。A. risen上升；B. raised举起，提高；C. arose出现；D. aroused唤醒。根据“from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013”可知，此处用不及物动词rise表示“上升”，故选A项。
6. Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing________ to her, only________ her five children.
A. left; to leave B. leaving, leaving
C. leaving; left D. left; leaving
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的丈夫于1980年去世，她一无所有，只留下五个孩子。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。第一空不定代词nothing与leave之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。第二空逻辑主语Her husband与leave之间为主动关系，且表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。
7. The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet,________ for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
A clap B. clapped C. clapping D. to clap
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站了起来，在表演结束时鼓掌长达10分钟。动词clap意为“鼓掌”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语audience构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作伴随状语。故选C。
8. Having seen my poor academic performance lately, Mother advised me that I should________ playing computer games.
A. cut down B. cut out
C. cut off D. cut up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：母亲看到我最近学习成绩很差，建议我不要再玩电脑游戏了。A. cut down减少；B. cut out停止，删去；C. cut off切断；D. cut up切碎。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语cut out“停止，删去”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
9. All children are entitled to a high-quality education________ their race, zip code or family income.
A. regardless of B. in spite of
C. despite D. with regard to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：所有的孩子都有权接受高质量的教育，无论他们的种族、居住地或家庭收入如何。A. regardless of 不管；B. in spite of 尽管；C. despite尽管；D. with regard to关于。根据“their race, zip code or family income.”可知，此处是指不管孩子们的种族、居住地或家庭收入，他们都有权接受高质量的教育。故选A。
10. Along with the gift came the message from my father________ he would come and stay with me for Christmas.
A. what B. that C. as D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：随礼物一起送来的还有父亲的消息，他要来和我一起过圣诞节。解释message内容，后面是同位语从句，只是连接作用用that引导，故选B。
11. There are various things on sale, so you can choose ______ interests you.
A. whoever B. no matter who
C. whatever D. no matter what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：各种物品正在销售，所以你可以选择任何你感兴趣的东西。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导了一个宾语从句，且连接词在句中作主语，根据句意可知，此处表示物，应用whatever，表示“无论什么”。 “No matter +疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句；“疑问词+ever”则既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以名词性从句。故选C项。
12. Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever
C. whomever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。A. whatever任何事物；B. whoever任何人；C. whomever任何人；D. whichever无论哪个。空格所在部分是主语从句，缺少主语，用连接代词，是人获奖，故排除AD，因为需要做主语，只能用主格代词，故选B。
[名师点睛]
主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)
1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。
That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that…
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
Who will go makes no difference.
It is known to us that he is a famous singer.
It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.
本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。
2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别
区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思
*Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.
*Whoever comes here is welcomed.
*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.
*The gift will be given to whomever I like.
wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
= No matter what happened, he……
13. You are gaining weight recently. It is________ you eat too much and haven’t enough time to do exercise.
A. because B. why C. the reason D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你最近体重增加了。这是因为你吃得太多，没有足够的时间做运动。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，“你吃得太多，没有足够的时间做运动”是“体重增加”的原因，故应用“because”引导从句，“It is because…”意为“这是因为……”。故选A项。
14. With your help, there is no doubt ______ our plan is meant for will work out successfully.
A. what that B. whether that C. that what D. that whether
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意：在你的帮助下，毫无疑问，我们的计划将成功地实现。there is no doubt…“毫无疑问……”,为同位语从句，从句中为句子做主语，for缺少宾语，所以用what来充当for的宾语。故选C项。
15. ________ they’ve managed to get everything finished so quickly is not clear to us.
A. Which B. What
C. That D. How
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：他们是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我们还不清楚。主语从句不缺少主语、宾语和定语，因此AB不选；that在主语从句中无意义；空格处是表示方式，因此选D。
【点睛】
分析名词性从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准从句，明确是哪类从句；第二、分析从句句子成分，确定连接词。从句中缺少主语，宾语，表语，或定语要用连接代词，从句中不缺成分，没有意义要用that，表是否用whether，从句缺状语用连接副词when，where，how，why，此句为主语从句，表示他们是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的，缺方式状语，所以用连接副词how。
二、完形填空 (共 15 小题，每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分)
Although an eager baker, I’m terrified of working with dough. It is particularly ____16____— a heavy hand or a gentle press can result in catastrophic failure. Having gained some ____17____ while cooking regularly during this lockdown, I decided to bake a pie all by myself. Usually my mother would send over the shortcrust pastry (简易酥皮) to fill and bake, but it was time to ____18____ her of the burden.
When my pie____19____, it didn’t look very nice, but its taste ____20____ decades-old memories of opening the fridge secretly to break off pieces of buttery crust (黄油酥皮), remaining pieces dropping on the floor and a frameless pie____21____ my attempt to look innocent the next morning. It made me realize that the value of cooking goes beyond mere ____22____ during these troubled times caused by Covid-19.
During social distancing and self-isolation, cooking ____23____ us with the community at large. The community came to the rescue of many of us who weren’t____24____ in cooking as we burnt or misshaped things. A message from a friend, with whom I shared a banana ice cream _____25_____, lead to much laughter: “How do I get the skins off these bananas? My hands are freezing and the banana skins are _____26_____!” I stated that they had to be _____27_____ before going into the fridge, a lesson I had learnt the hard way a week earlier.
It’s simple to heat food in the microwave or order takeout with a _____28_____ of a button. But if you are willing to cook food by yourself, you will buy the _____29_____, store them, cut, chop, and stir — each part of the process is an exercise in patience and creativity. _____30_____, in anxious and unstable times, cooking reminds us of when things weren’t so uncertain.
16. A. tricky B. flexible C. funny D. pleasant
17. A. support B. courage C. respect D. reputation
18. A. remind B. relieve C. remove D. convince
19. A. came up B. came around C. came on D. came out
20. A. brought in B. brought back C. brought forth D. brought forward
21. A. betraying B. interrupting C. threating D. accelerating
22. A. suffering B. surviving C. waiting D. living
23. A. connected B. mixed C. combined D. compared
24. A. interested B. involved C. weak D. expert
25. A. series B. recipe C. record D. theory
26. A. sticky B. broken C. burnt D. stuck
27. A. picked B. watered C. skinned D. sliced
28. A. click B. flick C. stick D. kick
29. A. devices B. nutrients C. components D. ingredients
30. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过讲疫情封锁期间烹饪的一些经历，感悟到在焦虑和不稳定的时代，事情并不是那么不确定。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个特别棘手的问题——一个用力的按压或轻轻的按压可能会导致灾难性的失败。A. tricky棘手的、难办的；B. flexible灵活的；C. funny有趣的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。由上文的“Although an eager baker, I’m terrified of working with dough. (虽然我是一个热心的面包师，但我害怕与面团打交道)”和下文的“a heavy hand or a gentle press can result in catastrophic failure”可知，面团让即使身为面包师的作者也感到棘手。故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在疫情封锁期间，我在定时做饭的过程中获得了一些勇气，我决定自己烤一个馅饼。A. support支持；B. courage勇气；C. respect尊敬；D. reputation名声。由上文的“Although an eager baker, I’m terrified of working with dough. (虽然我是一个热心的面包师，但我害怕与面团打交道)”和下文的“I decided to bake a pie all by myself”可知，害怕与面团打交道的作者决定自己烤一个派，说明作者鼓起了勇气与面团打交道。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常我妈妈会把简易酥皮送过来填充和烘烤，但现在是时候减轻她的负担了。A. remind提醒；B. relieve减轻；C. remove移除；D. convince使信服。由上文的“I decided to bake a pie all by myself. Usually my mother would send over the shortcrust pastry (简易酥皮) to fill and bake(我决定自己烤一个馅饼。通常我妈妈会把简易酥皮送过来填充和烘烤)”和下文从原材料到制作都是自己亲自动手可知，作者减轻了母亲的负担。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我的派出来的时候，看起来不太好，但它的味道让我想起了几十年前的回忆：我偷偷打开冰箱，撕掉黄油酥皮，剩下的碎片掉在地上，一个没有边框的派暴露了我第二天早上试图看起来无辜的企图。A. came up走近；B. came around拜访；C. came on加油；D. came out出现。由下文的“its taste”可知，作者尝了派的味道，说明派出炉了。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我的派出来的时候，看起来不太好，但它的味道让我想起了几十年前的回忆：我偷偷打开冰箱，撕掉黄油酥皮，剩下的碎片掉在地上，一个没有边框的派暴露了我第二天早上试图看起来无辜的企图。A. brought in引进；B. brought back使……回忆起来；C. brought forth提出；D. brought forward使（会议或活动）提前。由下文的“decades-old memories of opening the fridge secretly to break off pieces of buttery crust (黄油酥皮), remaining pieces dropping on the floor”可知，作者在回忆往事。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的派出来的时候，看起来不太好，但它的味道让我想起了几十年前的回忆：我偷偷打开冰箱，撕掉黄油酥皮，剩下的碎片掉在地上，一个没有边框的派暴露了我第二天早上试图看起来无辜的企图。A. betraying出卖；B. interrupting打断；C. threating威胁；D. accelerating加速。由下文的“a frameless pie”可知，作者偷吃，“没有边框的派”出卖了作者，作者的举动被父母识破。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我意识到烹饪的价值不仅仅是在新冠肺炎造成的动荡时期生活。A. suffering遭受；B. surviving生存；C. waiting等待；D. living生活。由上文的“during this lockdown”可知，此处指疫情封锁时期的生活。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在保持社交距离和自我隔离期间，烹饪将我们与整个社区联系起来。A. connected与……有联系；B. mixed混合；C. combined结合；D. compared比较。由下文的“The community came to the rescue of many of us who weren’t____9____ in cooking as we burnt or misshaped things. (社区拯救了我们中的许多人，他们不……烹饪，因为我们烧了东西或东西变形了)”可知，社区来拯救我们，说明烹饪将我们与整个社区联系起来。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：社区拯救了我们中的许多人，他们不擅长烹饪，因为我们烧了东西或东西变形了。A. interested有趣的；B. involved卷入的；C. weak虚弱的；D. expert熟练的。由下文的“as we burnt or misshaped things”可知，我们中的许多人不擅长烹饪。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和一位朋友分享了一份香蕉冰淇淋的配方，朋友发来的一条信息引发了很多笑声：“我怎么把香蕉皮弄下来？我的手都冻僵了，香蕉皮卡住了！”A. series系列；B. recipe配方、食谱；C. record记录；D. theory理论。由下文的“How do I get the skins off these bananas?”可知，作者和一个朋友分享了一个香蕉冰淇淋的配方。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和一位朋友分享了一份香蕉冰淇淋的配方，朋友发来的一条信息引发了很多笑声：“我怎么把香蕉皮弄下来？我的手都冻僵了，香蕉皮卡住了！”A. sticky粘性的；B. broken破碎的；C. burnt灼伤的；D. stuck卡住的、动不了的。由上文的“How do I get the skins off these bananas? My hands are freezing”和下文的“before going into the fridge (在进冰箱之前)”可知，因为香蕉放进了冰箱，朋友无法剥下香蕉皮，说明香蕉皮动不了，香蕉皮没有粘性这一特质。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说，它们在进冰箱之前必须剥皮，这是一周前我从中吸取的教训。A. picked挑选；B. watered浇水；C. skinned剥皮；D. sliced把……切成（薄）片。由上文语境和常识可知，作者的朋友说香蕉皮剥不下来，作者给出的建议是香蕉在冰箱之前必须提前剥皮。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：用微波炉加热食物或点外卖很简单，只需单击一个按钮。A. click点击；B. flick轻弹；C. stick粘贴；D. kick踢。由下文的“of a button”可知，此处指单击一个按钮。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你愿意自己烹饪食物，你会购买食材、储存、切割、切碎和搅拌——这一过程的每一部分都是耐心和创造力的锻炼。A. devices设备；B. nutrients营养物；C. components成分；D. ingredients（尤指烹饪）原料，配料。由上文的“But if you are willing to cook food by yourself”可知，这里提到的是烹饪原材料的问题。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，在焦虑和不稳定的时候，烹饪让我们想起了事情没有那么不确定的时候。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。由下文的“in anxious and unstable times, cooking reminds us of when things weren’t so uncertain”可知，这是作者额外想到的事情，表示递进关系。故选B项。
二、阅读理解 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 22.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。
A
1 Doha, Qatar
Qatar is currently involved in a major conflict with many other countries in the Middle Eastern region, but visitors to its capital , Doha, will still find themselves in the safest city in the world. It’s home to the Museum of Islamic Art, designed by I.M. Pei with inspiration from traditional Islamic architecture, which houses Islamic art from three different continents that have a history of over 1,400 years.
2 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Dropping down from the top spot last year is Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, with a safety index of 88.03. While it has a population of just over 1 million, only 420,000 are actually citizens-whose average net worth is $17 million dollars. It is also home to the Sheikh Zzyed Mosque, the country’s largest, as well as many camel races.
3 Quebec City, Canada
Quebec City is one of the few cities in North America that still has its original city walls. One of the most romantic cities on the planet, its Old Town was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and as a city with just over 700,000 residents, it’s got a safety index of 85.36, landing it in the top three.
4 Osaka, Japan
Osaka is the best city in Japan for food, drinks, and nightlife, and it’s safer than ever. Make sure you visit Osaka Castle while you’re here, which has a park attached, or the nearby Momofuku Ando Instant Ramen Museum, where you can even customize(定制）your own Cup Noodles to take home.
31. In which city can you watch a special sports event?
A. Doha. B. Abu Dhabi.
C. Qubec City. D. Osaka.
32. What can you do in Qucbec City, Canada?
A. Appreciate Islamic art. B. Go to see castles.
C. Visit ancient city walls. D. Make the noodles you like
33. What do the cities have in common?
A. They have museums. B. They are romantic.
C. They have wealthy citizens. D. They are very safe.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。这是一则旅游广告。文章介绍了四个城市的特点。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据2 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates中It is also home to the Sheikh Zzyed Mosque, the country’s largest, as well as many camel races.“这里也是沙特最大的清真寺谢赫·齐义德清真寺的所在地，同时也是许多骆驼比赛的举办地。”可知，在Abu Dhabi城市可以观看特别的体育赛事。故选B。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据3 Quebec City, Canada中Quebec City is one of the few cities in North America that still has its original city walls.“Quebec City是北美少数几个仍保留其原有城墙的城市之一。”可知，在加拿大Qucbec City参观古老的城墙。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据1 Doha, Qatar中but visitors to its capital , Doha, will still find themselves in the safest city in the world. 2 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates中Dropping down from the top spot last year is Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, with a safety index of 88.03. 3 Quebec City, Canada中and as a city with just over 700,000 residents, it’s got a safety index of 85.36, landing it in the top three.和4 Osaka, Japan中Osaka is the best city in Japan for food, drinks, and nightlife, and it’s safer than ever.可知，这四个城市的共同点是“他们非常安全”。故选D。
B
Dr. Josefina has recently published a book, Vibrant at Any Age, based on her lifelong journey of self-improvement. Josefina, 71, is glad she didn’t think about her age when she took up bodybuilding at age 59.
“I reinvent myself every ten years, and so I started my 60s as a bodybuilder and now I begin my 70s as a writer,” she said, “People limit themselves by age, which is very frustrating. Age is a mindset.”
Dr. Josefina started bodybuilding at an age when most are considering retirement, though she was an athlete from an early age. As a child in Venezuela she took to gymnastics and later graduated with a physical education degree. She taught at Latin High School in Cambridge, for 16 years, while raising two daughters.
“I started bodybuilding when I met Steve Pfiester, a gym guy who knew I ran and practiced yoga. He invited me to his gym and offered to train me.” she said.
Dr. Josefina’s photos are proof that she spends long hours taking care of her body. But she also develops her mind and spirit. On any given day, she gets up at 3:00 am to read books. At 4:30 am she’s out of the door to walk three miles and run another three. This is followed by yoga and a swim at the beach while the sun rises. After writing in her journal and working on her book between 8 and 10 am, Dr. Josefina hits the gym for at least two hours.
Dr. Josefina’s fight against ageism has rubbed off on her two daughters, both in their early thirties. “They both take care of their bodies and minds. They’re very proud of me. If you give them a good foundation as a parent, you know that they will always come back to their roots. I tried to remind myself of that during their difficult teen years.”
34. What’s Dr. Josefina’s opinion on age?
A. Age is a state of mind.
B. Age can’t be hidden.
C. Every age has its pains.
D. Age decides your career.
35. What made Dr. Josefina start bodybuilding?
A. The need of her job. B. Her early dream.
C. The desire to be a writer. D. Steve Pfiester’s influence.
36. Which of the following can best describe Dr. Josefina’s morning schedule?
A. Flexible. B. Dull. C. Tight. D. Easy
37. What can be inferred about Dr. Josefina from the last paragraph?
A. She will return to the retirement.
B. She will set up a fitness foundation.
C. She often thinks of her teenage years.
D. She sets up an example to her daughters.
【答案】34. A 35. D 36. C 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是71岁的Josefina博士用自己的亲身经历证明：年龄不应该成为老年人追求美好生活的障碍。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“People limit themselves by age, which is very frustrating. Age is a mindset.(人们总是受年龄的限制，这让人很沮丧。年龄是一种心态。)”可知，她认为年龄只是一种心态。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“I started bodybuilding when I met Steve Pfiester, a gym guy who knew I ran and practiced yoga.(我开始健身是因为我遇到了Steve Pfiester，他是一个健身房的人，他知道我跑步和练习瑜伽。)”可知，她是在Steve Pfiester的影响下开始健身的。故选D。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On any given day, she gets up at 3:00 am to read books. At 4:30 am she’s out of the door to walk three miles and run another three. This is followed by yoga and a swim at the beach while the sun rises. After writing in her journal and working on her book between 8 and 10 am, Dr. Josefina hits the gym for at least two hours.(在任何一天，她都是凌晨3点起床读书。凌晨4:30，她出门走三英里，再跑三英里。之后是瑜伽和太阳升起时在海滩游泳。在早上8点到10点写完日记和写完书之后，Josefina博士会去健身房至少两个小时。)”可推断，Dr. Josefina每天上午把时间安排得非常紧凑：读书、健身、写作等都不耽误，她很忙碌。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Josefina’s fight against ageism has rubbed off on her two daughters, both in their early thirties.(Dr. Josefina反对年龄歧视的斗争影响了她的两个女儿，她们都是30岁出头。)”和“If you give them a good foundation as a parent, you know that they will always come back to their roots. I tried to remind myself of that during their difficult teen years.(作为父母，如果你给他们一个良好的基础，你知道他们总是会回到自己的根。在他们艰难的青少年时期，我试着提醒自己这一点。)”可推断，Dr. Josefina为两个女儿树立了良好的榜样。故选D。
C
Despite the deeply rooted impression that hotels are humorless, colorless spaces, there’re already many design-forward accommodation options around the world. It’s easy to see the appeal of spending your vacation in a pretty, Instagram-worthy spot that truly fits into a destination instead of feeling like it could have appeared anywhere.
But when it comes to choosing between a pre-dawn wakeup at a fashionable-neighborhood design hotel in order to get to the airport in time for my flight or just crashing at an airport chain hotel and being able to squeeze in another hour of rest, I always go for Option B.
That is even truer now that I’m attempting to travel during the pandemic. I still want convenience, but my number-one concern is cleanliness. Lots of hotels have adopted measures of disinfection amid the pandemic, but many of them take place outside of a guest’s watchful eye. Admittedly, white walls are cheap, easy, and lack personality and creativity. But these days, they are a place I can easily look for dirty spots without needing a blue light camera.
And while huge sculptures and electric pieces of Pop Art are fun to stare at in museums they’re too much sensory overload when I’m just trying to feel at ease. Ultimately my sense of peace in a chain hotel room isn’t just about paint colors or art choices, but its uniformity. There’s always a fresh towel to pull off the rack (架子), a pad of paper and a pen on the desk, and a hot shower. When travel makes us stressed out in a city where we may not speak the local language, staying at a chain hotel means that at least something is familiar.
Not everything needs to be dramatic every day. Compared to my usual life in a tiny apartment on a loud, busy street, the quiet cool feeling of placelessness is paradise.
38. Which of the following hotel rooms will the author most likely stay in?
A. A room whose pictures can be posted on social media.
B. A room where the airport is short distance away.
C. A room which shows the typical local culture.
D. A room which is decorated with art work.
39. Why does the author prefer a chain hotel room these days?
A. It’s much cheaper than other hotels.
B. It’s more convenient than other hotels.
C. It makes the author feel at home.
D. It ensures cleanliness in some way.
40. What does the underlined word “uniformity” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. uniqueness B. sameness C. warmth D. dullness
41. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To justify choosing chain hotels.
B. To compare different types of hotels.
C. To describe a travel experience.
D. To introduce how to choose a hotel.
【答案】38. B 39. D 40. B 41. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者以自己的经历列举了连锁酒店的好处，讲明了选择连锁酒店的合理性。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“But when it comes to choosing between a pre-dawn wakeup at a fashionable-neighborhood design hotel in order to get to the airport in time for my flight or just crashing at an airport chain hotel and being able to squeeze in another hour of rest, I always go for Option B. (但是，当我要在一家时尚的邻里设计酒店选择黎明前起床，以便及时抵达机场，还是在机场连锁酒店过夜，然后再挤出一个小时休息时，我总是选择B计划)”可知，作者最有可能在机场连锁酒店过夜，即住在离机场很近的房间。故选B项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“That is even truer now that I’m attempting to travel during the pandemic. I still want convenience, but my number-one concern is cleanliness. (现在我正试图在疫情期间旅行，这更是事实。我仍然想要方便，但我最关心的是清洁)”可知，作者现在更喜欢连锁酒店房间，是因为它在某种程度上确保了清洁。故选D项。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。由第四段中的“Ultimately my sense of peace in a chain hotel room isn’t just about paint colors or art choices, but its uniformity. There’s always a fresh towel to pull off the rack (架子), a pad of paper and a pen on the desk, and a hot shower. When travel makes us stressed out in a city where we may not speak the local language, staying at a chain hotel means that at least something is familiar. (最终，我在连锁酒店房间里的平静感不仅仅是油漆颜色或艺术选择，而是它的uniformity。总是有一条新毛巾可以从架子上取下，桌上有一张纸和一支笔，还有一个热水淋浴。当旅行让我们在一个可能不会说当地语言的城市感到压力时，住在连锁酒店意味着至少有些东西是熟悉的)”可知，连锁酒店提供的设施基本一样，让人感到熟悉，说明作者喜欢一致性的东西。uniformity意为“sameness（一致性）”。故选B项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“But when it comes to choosing between a pre-dawn wakeup at a fashionable-neighborhood design hotel in order to get to the airport in time for my flight or just crashing at an airport chain hotel and being able to squeeze in another hour of rest, I always go for Option B. (但是，当我要在一家时尚的邻里设计酒店选择黎明前起床，以便及时抵达机场，还是在机场连锁酒店过夜，然后再挤出一个小时休息时，我总是选择B计划)”，第三段中的“I still want convenience, but my number-one concern is cleanliness. (我仍然想要方便，但我最关心的是清洁)”，第四段中的“Ultimately my sense of peace in a chain hotel room isn’t just about paint colors or art choices, but its uniformity. (最终，我在连锁酒店房间里的平静感不仅仅是油漆颜色或艺术选择，而是它的一致性)”和最后一段中的“Compared to my usual life in a tiny apartment on a loud, busy street, the quiet cool feeling of placelessness is paradise. (与我平时在喧闹繁忙的街道上的一间小公寓里的生活相比，那种无处安放的安静凉爽的感觉简直就是天堂)”可知，作者以自己的经历列举了连锁酒店的好处，目的在于说明选择连锁酒店的合理性。故选A项。
D
Everything about nuclear energy seems terrifically big: the cost, construction and decommissioning -- and the fears of something going badly wrong. The future, however, may well be much smaller. Dozens of companies are working on a new generation of reactors that, they promise, can deliver nuclear power at lower cost and reduced risk. These small - scale plants will on average generate between 50 MW and 300 MW of power compared with the 1,000 MW - plus from a conventional rector. They will draw on modular manufacturing techniques that will reduce construction risk, which has plagued larger 0 scale projects. Supporters believe these advanced modular reactors (AMRs) -- most of which will not be commercial until the 2030s -- are critical if atomic power is to compete against the rapidly falling costs of solar and wind.
“The physics hasn’t changed. it’s about much cleverer design that offers much needed flexibility in terms of operation,” said Tim Stone, long-term industry adviser and chairman of Nuclear Risk Insurers, which insures nuclear sites in the UK. Since the Fukushima meltdown in Japan in 2011, safety fears have threatened nuclear power. But the biggest obstacle today is economic. In western Europe, just three plants are under construction: in the UK at Hinkley Point C in somerset; at Flaman-ville in France; and at Olkiluoto in Finland. All involve the European Pressurized reactor technology of EDF that will be used at Hinkley Point. All are running years late and over budget. In the US, the first two nuclear projects under way for the past 30 years are also blowing through cost estimates .
The UK, which opened the world’s first commercial nuclear reactor in 1956, is one of the few western nations committed to renewing its ageing fleet to ensure energy security and meet tough carbon reduction targets. It is seen as a proving ground, by many in the industry, of nuclear power’s ability to restore confidence. However, the country’s under severe criticism over its cost. The government is looking at different funding models but said it still sees nuclear power as vital to the country’s future energy mix. Small reactors, it believes, have the potential to generate much - needed power from the 2030s.
42. What can be learned from the passage about the advanced modular reactors (AMRs)?
A. They don’t work on the same principles as traditional reactors.
B. They haven’t been widely used for business purposes.
C. They are at a critical stage of being manufactured.
D. They operate more flexibly than wind generators.
43. In paragraph 2, the writer mentions the plants in different countries in order to _______.
A. show that the advanced technology of EDF is mature
B. argue against the popular use of nuclear power
C. prove that their construction costs more than available
D. suggest a possible solution to budget problems
44. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The UK government is reducing its funding for ageing nuclear facilities.
B. Some people have lost their confidence in the use of unclear power.
C. People are more supportive of solar and wind energy than nuclear energy.
D. The UK is decreasing the impact of nuclear power on its economy.
45. Which of the following might be the best title of passage?
A. Large - scale nuclear plants will be a big hit
B. Traditional reactors boom with new mini ones
C. The government should reflect on nuclear safety
D. Nuclear power looks to shrink its way to success
【答案】42. B 43. C 44. B 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了核能的新发展，数十家公司正在开发新一代反应堆，他们承诺，这种反应堆可以以更低的成本和更低的风险提供核能。核能在成功的道路上似乎距离又缩小了。
【详解】1.推理判断题。结合第一段最后一句中“Supporters believe these advanced modular reactors (AMRs) -- most of which will not be commercial until the 2030s ”支持者认为，这些先进的模块化反应堆(AMRs)——其中大多数要到本世纪30年代才能投入商用。可知，到目前为止，大部分的AMRs还没有投入使用。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“All involve the European Pressurized reactor technology of EDF that will be used at Hinkley Point. All are running years late and over budget. In the US, the first two nuclear projects under way for the past 30 years are also blowing through cost estimates .”所有这些都涉及到 法国电力公司（EDF）将在Hinkley Point使用 的欧洲加压反应堆技术，所有这些都比预算晚了好几年，而且超出了预算。在美国，过去30年正在进行的前两个核项目也超出了成本估算。由此可知，文章中提到的西欧和美国的核电站，用来证明建设核电站的成本超出了可用的预算。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“ It is seen as a proving ground, by many in the industry, of nuclear power’s ability to restore confidence.”许多业内人士视为，这是核能恢复信心能力的试验场。由此判断出，有些人已经对使用核能失去了信心。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。结合第一段前三句“Everything about nuclear energy seems terrifically big: the cost, construction and decommissioning -- and the fears of something going badly wrong. The future, however, may well be much smaller. Dozens of companies are working on a new generation of reactors that, they promise, can deliver nuclear power at lower cost and reduced risk.”关于核能的一切看起来都非常巨大: 成本、建设和退役——以及对出现严重问题的担忧。然而，未来可能会小得多。几十家公司正在研发新一代的反应堆，他们承诺，这种反应堆能够以更低的成本和风险提供核能。以及后文的内容，可知本文主要讨论了当前核能开发存在耗资巨大且存在核泄漏风险，因此人们正对这种技术失去信心，但是由于新的核能发电方式AMRs的出现，可能会扭转这种情况。所以可知，本文的标题应为“核能的成功之路似乎在缩小”。故选D。
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to eat healthily
A lot of people tend to choose a balanced diet in order to keep fit, but being on a healthy diet goes beyond simply eating more fruits and vegetables. You also need to change your mindset about food. ____46____ Do you eat more when you feel stressed? Do you reduce your food intake on purpose in order to feel like you are in control? If your answer is ‘yes’, then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food, and the following tips can help you change it.
Find a healthier replacement. ____47____ You could instead go for a walk, take a bath, or call a trusted friend for a chat. Whatever you choose, it should be something that can ease your stress. This may help you no longer feel the need to eat.
____48____ A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. The belief is quite common. ____49____ You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food bodily functions positively or negatively.
Get medical support from professionals. Eating disorders are classified as mental illnesses. And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors.____50____
A. Consider food as fuel.
B. Take a hard look at your eating habits.
C. What and how should we eat to be healthy?
D. However, you should break this habitual thinking.
E. If you find that you tend to eat unhealthy foods when you’re stressed, find an alternative activity.
F. If you don’t eat regularly, you are going to have an eating disorder, which means you should go to see a medical specialist.
G. If you suspect that you have an eating disorder, whether it’s overeating or undereating, consult a medical specialist and get professional help.
【答案】46. B 47. E 48. A 49. D 50. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。仅仅吃更多的水果和蔬菜是无法实现健康的饮食的，还需要改变对食物的观念，可以通过寻找健康的替代品，向专业人士寻找医疗支持等等方法改变态度。
【46题详解】
上文“You also need to change your mindset about food.(你还需要改变你对食物的看法)”提到要改变对饮食的看法来保持饮食均衡，下文提到一些问题“Do you eat more when you feel stressed? Do you reduce your food intake on purpose in order to feel like you are in control? If your answer is ‘yes’, then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food(当你感到有压力时，你会吃得更多吗?你是否有意减少食物的摄入量，以让自己感觉一切尽在掌握?如果你的回答是肯定的，那么你对食物的态度很可能是有问题的)”，说明要认真想想一些有关饮食均衡的问题，因此推断B项“认真审视一下你的饮食习惯。”符合语境。故选B。
【47题详解】
根据段落标题“Find an healthier replacement(找一个更健康的替代物)”可知，本段主要讲找替代物，E项中的“find an alternative activity”呼应标题。因此推断E项“如果你发现你在有压力时倾向于吃不健康的食物，找另一种活动来替代”符合语境。下文列举了一些活动。故选E。
【48题详解】
空处为段落标题。根据下文“A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. The belief is quite common.(很多人认为吃是一种重要来获得乐趣或消磨时间的方式。这种想法很普遍)”和“You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food bodily functions positively or negatively.(你最好仔细考虑食物对身体功能的确切影响是积极的还是消极的)”可推断，本段讲述仔细考虑食物的功能，因此推断A项“把食物看作燃料”为最佳标题。故选A。
【49题详解】
根据上文“A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. The belief is quite common.(很多人认为吃是一种重要来获得乐趣或消磨时间的方式。这种想法很常见)”和下文“You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food bodily functions positively or negatively.(你最好仔细考虑食物对身体功能的确切影响是积极的还是消极的)”可知，认为吃是享乐、消磨时间的观点是常见的，但是要对这种进食行为进行仔细的思考。可以推断，空格处要表达的意思是要打破之前的这种认识。因此推断D项“但是，你应该打破这个认知习惯”符合语境。故选D。
【50题详解】
根据段落标题“Get medical support from professionals.(寻求专业人士的医疗支持)”和前文“Eating disorders are classified as mental illnesses. And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors.(饮食失调被归类为精神疾病。你不能总是说服自己停止破坏性的行为)”可知，本段主要讲的是饮食紊乱被归类为精神紊乱，要从专业人士那里寻找医疗支持。G项中的“go to see a medical specialist”呼应前文，因此推断G项“如果你怀疑自己患有饮食失调，无论是暴饮暴食还是吃得太少，都要咨询医学专家并获得专业的帮助”符合语境。故选G。
第二卷
四、单词拼写(共 15 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
根据首字母及中文提示，用《选择性必修二》Unit 2 - Unit 4 单元所学单词填空，使句子意义通顺、语法正确。请在答题卡上写出完整的单词。
51. Maybe I can act as a m________ (信差) for you.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】messenger##essager
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：或许我可以替你当信差。根据汉语和首字母提示，“信差”的英文为messager，是可数名词，空前的不定冠词a表明用单数，故填messager。
52. We were a________ (震惊的) at the news that a cinematographer was accidentally shot and killed by a prop gun on set. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】astonished##stonished
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们对一个摄影师在片场被道具枪意外射杀的消息感到震惊。空格处用形容词作表语，修饰主语we应用ed结尾的形容词，由首字母提示a可知，“震惊的”的形容词是astonished，故填astonished。
53. C________ (相反的) to popular belief, women cause fewer road accidents than men. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Contrary##ontrary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：与普遍看法相反，女性造成的交通事故比男性少。be contrary to与……相反。根据中英文提示及句意，故填Contrary。
54. E________ (暴露) of your face to strong sunlight can be harmful to the skin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Exposure##xposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你的脸暴露在强烈的阳光下可能对皮肤有害。根据分析句子可知，E______ (暴露) of your face to strong sunlight为句子的主语，“暴露”应使用名词形式，且置于句首，首字母要大写，再由首字母和汉语提示可知，应使用exposure。故填Exposure。
55. After years of warfare in the Middle East, NATO countries now are forced to confront f________ (基本的，根本的) moral questions. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】fundamental##undamental
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过多年的中东战争，北约国家现在不得不面对基本的道德问题。根据首字母及汉语提示，表示“基本的，根本的”应用形容词fundamental，此处作定语。故填fundamental。
56. The Belt and Road I________ (倡议，新方案) is a way for win-win cooperation that promotes common development and prosperity and a road toward peace and friendship by enhancing mutual understanding and trust, and strengthening all-around exchanges. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Initiative##nitiative
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：共建“一带一路”是促进共同发展繁荣的合作共赢之路，是增进相互理解信任、加强全方位交流的和平友谊之路。根据汉语提示和句子结构，名词initiative“倡议，新方案”符合题意，“一带一路”表达为the Belt and Road Initiative。故填Initiative。
57. He left a huge b________ (束) of flowers in her hotel room yesterday. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】bunch##unch
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：昨天他在她的旅馆房间里留下了一大束花。根据首字母以及汉语提示，表示“束”应用名词bunch，此处应用单数形式，a bunch of...意为“一束”。故填bunch。
58. In order to better prepare yourself for the “strengthening basic disciplines plan”, you’d better a________ (预料，预见) any tough questions and rehearse your answers. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】anticipate##nticipate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了更好地为“强化基础学科计划”做准备，你最好提前准备好所有难题，并预习答案。由首字母提示a可知，“预料，预见”是anticipate，had better后跟动词原形，had better do意为“最好做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，故填anticipate。
59. “Let the cat out of the bag” is an i________(习语)meaning that someone tells a secret by mistake.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】idiom##diom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：“说漏嘴”是一个习语，意思是某人不小心说出了秘密。冠词后用名词单数，根据首字母和汉语提示可知，“习语”是idiom。故填idiom。
60. He used to live in a dark room with dirty c________(窗帘) hanging in front of the windows. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】curtains##urtains##curtain##urtain
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他过去住在一间黑暗房间里，窗前挂着肮脏的窗帘。空处应填名词作介词with的宾语，根据中英文提示可知，curtain窗帘，可数名词，此处用单复数均可。故填curtain(s)。
61. The school was used as a hospital for the d________ (期间；持续时间) of COVID-19. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】duration##uration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在新冠肺炎期间，这所学校被用作医院。空处应填名词作介词for的宾语，根据中英文提示可知，duration期间，持续时间，不可数名词。故填duration。
62. O________ (由于) to a lack of work experience, we wasted much time and energy. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Owing##wing
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于缺乏工作经验，我们浪费了很多时间和精力。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用固定短语owing to“由于”，作原因状语。故填Owing。
63. I’ve been out of work for several months and have to live on a tight b________ (预算). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】budget##udget
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我已经失业几个月了，不得不靠紧张的预算生活。根据前文 a tight 可知，所填单词为名词，再由首字母和汉语提示可知，应填budget。故填budget。
64. As headteachers, we must be c________ (一致的) in applying the rules to all students. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】consistent##onsistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为校长，我们必须始终如一地将规则应用于所有学生。根据首字母以及汉语提示，空处应用形容词consistent，作句子表语，构成短语be consistent in doing sth.，表示“在做某事方面一直不变”，符合句意。故填consistent。
65. The police think that there may be a________ (联系) between the two cases. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】association##ssociation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方认为这两个案件之间可能有联系。根据首字母a可知，表示“联系”应用名词association作主语。故填association。
五、课文填空 (共 15 空，每空 0.5 分，共 7.5 分)
Unit 2
根据课文原文填空。
Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ ____66____ in class as part of the final result. Students need to ____67____ ideas, offer examples, apply concepts, and raise questions, as well as give ____68____. At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking____69____ in class after just a few weeks. “My presentation on traditional Chinese art was a great success, which ____70____ my confidence,” she said. “I’ll use these skills back home for presentations. They’ll help me build a strong business in the future.”
【答案】66. participation
67. generate
68. presentation
69. up 70. boosted
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了谢蕾在学习中发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题并且还要进行展示。开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。她的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了自己的自信心。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，谢蕾发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。根据句意可知，此处用名词participation“参与”作宾语，名词所有格修饰名词，是不可数名词，故填participation。
【67题详解】
考查动词。句意：学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题并且还要进行展示。分析句子可知，need后接不定式作宾语，to是不定式符号，空处用动词，根据句意，generate“形成”符合句意，故填generate。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。根据句意和下文的presentation，此处表示“给出展示”，give后接名词presentation“展示”作宾语，是不可数名词，故填presentation。
【69题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。根据句意，speak up“大胆地说”符合句意，故填up。
【70题详解】
考查动词。句意：“我的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她说。分析句子可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，空处是从句的谓语动词，根据句意，boost“提高”符合句意，根据主句中的was可知，用一般过去时，故填boosted。
Unit 3
根据课文原文填空。
At a ____71____, the kinds of food local people ____72____ tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold____73____ are bold themselves? Or, that those who like ____74____ food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say, however, is that culture and ____75____ go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.
【答案】71. minimum
72. consume
73. flavours
74. spicy 75. cuisine
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物与文化之间的关系，文化和菜肴是相辅相成的，如果你没有体验过其中之一，你就永远不可能真正了解另一个。
【71题详解】
考查名词。句意：至少，当地人吃的食物种类告诉我们，他们在他们的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“至少”，应用名词minimum，构成固定短语at a minimum。故填minimum。
【72题详解】
考查动词。句意：至少，当地人吃的食物种类告诉我们，他们在他们的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“当地人食用的食物种类”，应用动词consume“吃”，设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语是local people，应用动词原形。故填consume。
【73题详解】
考查名词。句意：例如，我们是否也可以说，那些喜欢浓郁口味的人自己也很大胆？结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“口味”，应用名词flavour，可数名词，前无限定词，应用名词复数，表泛指。故填flavours。
【74题详解】
考查形容词。句意：或者，那些喜欢辛辣食物的人往往脾气暴躁？结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“辛辣的”，应用形容词spicy，修饰名词food，作定语。故填spicy。
【75题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，我们可以说，文化和菜肴是相辅相成的，如果你没有体验过其中之一，你就永远不可能真正了解另一个。结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“菜肴”，应用名词cuisine，不可数名词，与culture作表语从句的并列主语。故填cuisine。
Unit 4
根据课文原文填空。
The next morning the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked ____76____. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water ____77____ took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. They spent the night, and then took a coach ____78____ north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. In addition to seeing____79____ mountain peaks and forests, one ____80____ of their trip was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.
【答案】76. massive
77. literally
78. bound 79. spectacular
80. highlight
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两个女孩很早就起床，乘火车穿过加拿大落基山脉前往路易斯湖路上的风景。
【76题详解】
考查形容词。句意：从火车车窗望出去，加拿大的群山和森林看起来很广阔。由“the mountains and forests of Canada”可知，句子表示“从火车车窗望出去，加拿大的群山和森林看起来很广阔”，空格处意为“广阔的”，用形容词作表语，是massive，故填massive。
【77题详解】
考查副词。句意：火车到站后，她们乘出租车去了路易斯湖，那里蔚蓝的湖水美得简直让人惊叹不已。由“took their breath away with its exceptional beauty”可知，句子表示“那里蔚蓝的湖水美得简直让人惊叹不已”，空格处意为“简直”，用副词literally，故填literally。
78题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她们在那里住了一晚，然后乘长途汽车向北穿过加拿大落基山脉到达 贾斯珀。由“north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper”可知，句子表示“他们在那里住了一晚，然后乘长途汽车向北穿过加拿大落基山脉到达贾斯珀”，空格处意为“前往”，用形容词bound作后置定语，故填bound。
【79题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了看到壮观的山峰和森林，她们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰。由“mountain peaks and forests”可知，此处表示“除了看到壮观的山峰和森林，她们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰”，空格处意为“壮观的”，用形容词spectacular作定语，修饰名词短语“mountain peaks and forests”，故填spectacular。
【80题详解】
考查名词。句意：除了看到壮观的山峰和森林，他们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰。由“was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle”可知，句子表示“她们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰”，空格处意为“亮点”，是highlight，空前有one，空格处用单数，故填highlight。
六、语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
War epic The Battle at Lake Changjin continued its march into China’s box office record books over the weekend and broke 24 records ____81____ Chinese film history, including becoming the first Chinese film to break 400 million yuan at the daily box office for six days. Its biggest highlight is ____82____ it has achieved a high degree of national empathy (共情) and cultural output for Chinese films heading overseas, which is ____83____ hard-to-reach achievement for other commercial movies.
Audiences were deeply moved by the Chinese People’s Volunteers (CPVs) ____84____ sacrificed their lives during the War to Resist US Aggression (侵略) and Aid Korea (1950-53). According to a video on Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok, students from a middle school ____85____ (base) in Central China’s Henan Province experience how Chinese soldiers____86____ (eat) fried flour and frozen potatoes on the battlefield after watching the film. In a voice choked with tears, one student remarks how ____87____ need to cherish their hard-won lives without complaining anymore.
We seem to have become accustomed to ____88____ (watch) supermen flying across the big screen. But this time, The Battle at Lake Changjin is a movie that ____89____ (true) belongs to the Chinese, and has shaped Chinese ____90____ (hero) and told a good Chinese story.
【答案】81. in 82. that
83. a 84. who##that
85. based 86. ate
87. they 88. watching
89. truly 90. heroes
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是《长津湖之战》这部电影的相关情况。
【81题详解】
考查介词。句意：战争史诗电影《长津湖之战》在周末继续挺进中国票房纪录，打破了中国电影史上的24项纪录，其中包括成为第一部连续六天单日票房突破4亿元的中国电影。“Chinese film history”意为“中国电影史”，表示“在中国电影史上”时，前面要加介词in。故填in。
【82题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：它最大的亮点是为走向海外的中国电影实现了高度的民族共情和文化输出，这是其他商业电影难以企及的成就。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句。故填that。
【83题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它最大的亮点是为走向海外的中国电影实现了高度的民族共情和文化输出，这是其他商业电影难以企及的成就。achievement是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，hard-to-reach是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
【84题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：观众们被在抗美援朝战争（1950-53年）中献出生命的中国人民志愿军深深打动。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“Chinese People’s Volunteers”是人，因此空格处用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
【85题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据抖音上的一段视频，中国中部河南省一所中学的学生在看完这部电影后，体验了中国士兵如何在战场上吃油炸面粉和冷冻土豆。句中谓语是experience，空格处用非谓语动词，school和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。故填based。
【86题详解】
考查时态。句意：根据抖音上的一段视频，中国中部河南省一所中学的学生在看完这部电影后，体验了中国士兵如何在战场上吃油炸面粉和冷冻土豆。由“on the battlefield”可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故填ate。
【87题详解】
考查代词。句意：一名学生哽咽着说，他们需要珍惜来之不易的生命，不再抱怨。根据语境可知，句子表示“一名学生哽咽着说，他们需要珍惜来之不易的生命，不再抱怨”，空格处意为“他们”，用代词they作主语。故填they。
【88题详解】
考查动名词。句意：我们似乎已经习惯了看超人在大银幕上飞来飞去。become accustomed to doing是固定短语，意为“习惯于做某事”，因此空格处用动名词watching作宾语。故填watching。
【89题详解】
考查副词。句意：但这一次，《长津湖之战》是一部真正属于中国人的电影，塑造了中国英雄，讲述了一个好的中国故事。空格处用副词truly修饰动词belongs，truly意为“真正地”。故填truly。
【90题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：但这一次，《长津湖之战》是一部真正属于中国人的电影，塑造了中国英雄，讲述了一个好的中国故事。hero是可数名词，英雄不止一个，因此空格处用复数heroes。故填heroes。
七、书面表达(共 15 分)
91. 假如你是李华，请根据下面提示用英语给英国朋友Tom写一封100词左右的电子邮件，介绍你最近的一次秋游经历。
1. 去城郊的山上游览；
2. 有人想乘公交车前往，有人想步行，最后决定骑自行车；
3. 描写风景和感受。 注意：
1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How happy I am to receive your last email, in which
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
How happy I am to receive your last email, in which you asked about my autumn travel. Now I will tell you something about the trip to the mountain on the outskirts of town organized by our Students’ Union.
Some of us preferred to take a bus while others were fond of walking, and finally we were persuaded to cycle. When we got there, we were greatly impressed by its beautiful view. All kinds of butterflies were flying freely in the valley. The air there was pleasant to breathe.
Though we were tired, it was a trip that improved our friend ship and raised our awareness of caring about the environment.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语给英国朋友Tom写封信，介绍最近的一次秋游经历，内容包括：1.去城郊的山上游览；2.有人想乘公交车前往，有人想步行，最后决定骑自行车；3.描写风景和感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旅行：trip→journey
最后：finally→at last
风景：view→scenery
令人愉快的：pleasant→enjoyable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Now I will tell you something about the trip to the mountain on the outskirts of town organized by our Students’ Union.
拓展句：Now I will tell you something about the trip to the mountain on the outskirts of town which was organized by our Students’ Union.
【点睛】[高分句型1] How happy I am to receive your last email, in which you asked about my autumn travel. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Though we were tired, it was a trip that improved our friend ship and raised our awareness of caring about the environment. (运用了though引导的让步状语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句)
2022-2023 高二上学期英语阶段测试(二)
选择性必修二第 2-4 单元
第一卷
一、单项选择 (共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
1. If I am not ________ so many barriers, I wouldn’t be where I am.
A. facing with B. faced to
C. facing to D. faced with
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果我没有面对这么多障碍，我就不会有今天的成就。句中be faced with为固定短语，意为“面对”。故选D。
2. All her time________ experiments, she has no time for films and dates.
A. devoted to doing B. is devoted to do
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：她所有的时间都用于做实验，没有时间看电影和约会。devote one’s time to doing是固定短语，意为“把时间花在做某事上”，因此to后跟动名词作宾语，句中谓语是has，空格处用非谓语动词，是独立主格结构，time和devote之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词devoted表被动，因此空格处是devoted to doing。故选A。
3. Many adolescents are addicted to online computer games, and it is believed some gaming app companies were________ because they didn’t adequately check their users’ registration.
A. to be blamed B. to blame C. blamed for D. blamed on
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：许多青少年沉迷于网络电脑游戏，据信一些游戏应用公司应受责备，因为他们没有充分检查用户的注册。A. to be blamed受到责备；B. to blame责备 ；C. blamed for因……责备；D. blamed on把责任推给……。be to blame为固定搭配，表示“应受责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，符合句意。故选B项。
4. Hardly_____ to sit and have a rest when the phone________.
A. she had had time; rang B. she had time; had rang
C. had she had time; rang D. did she had time; had rang
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：她刚想坐下来休息一会儿，电话就响了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“主语+had hardly done…when+主语+did”，意为“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时，“Hardly”位于句首，句要用部分倒装，“had”提前，故空格一填“had she had time”，从句用一般过去时，故空格二填“rang”。故选C项。
5. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had________ from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
A. risen B. raised C. arose D. aroused
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2001年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。A. risen上升；B. raised举起，提高；C. arose出现；D. aroused唤醒。根据“from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013”可知，此处用不及物动词rise表示“上升”，故选A项。
6. Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing________ to her, only________ her five children.
A. left; to leave B. leaving, leaving
C. leaving; left D. left; leaving
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的丈夫于1980年去世，她一无所有，只留下五个孩子。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。第一空不定代词nothing与leave之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。第二空逻辑主语Her husband与leave之间为主动关系，且表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。
7. The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet,________ for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
A clap B. clapped C. clapping D. to clap
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站了起来，在表演结束时鼓掌长达10分钟。动词clap意为“鼓掌”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语audience构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作伴随状语。故选C。
8. Having seen my poor academic performance lately, Mother advised me that I should________ playing computer games.
A. cut down B. cut out
C. cut off D. cut up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：母亲看到我最近学习成绩很差，建议我不要再玩电脑游戏了。A. cut down减少；B. cut out停止，删去；C. cut off切断；D. cut up切碎。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语cut out“停止，删去”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
9. All children are entitled to a high-quality education________ their race, zip code or family income.
A. regardless of B. in spite of
C. despite D. with regard to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：所有的孩子都有权接受高质量的教育，无论他们的种族、居住地或家庭收入如何。A. regardless of 不管；B. in spite of 尽管；C. despite尽管；D. with regard to关于。根据“their race, zip code or family income.”可知，此处是指不管孩子们的种族、居住地或家庭收入，他们都有权接受高质量的教育。故选A。
10. Along with the gift came the message from my father________ he would come and stay with me for Christmas.
A. what B. that C. as D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：随礼物一起送来的还有父亲的消息，他要来和我一起过圣诞节。解释message内容，后面是同位语从句，只是连接作用用that引导，故选B。
11. There are various things on sale, so you can choose ______ interests you.
A. whoever B. no matter who
C. whatever D. no matter what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：各种物品正在销售，所以你可以选择任何你感兴趣的东西。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导了一个宾语从句，且连接词在句中作主语，根据句意可知，此处表示物，应用whatever，表示“无论什么”。 “No matter +疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句；“疑问词+ever”则既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以名词性从句。故选C项。
12. Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever
C. whomever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。A. whatever任何事物；B. whoever任何人；C. whomever任何人；D. whichever无论哪个。空格所在部分是主语从句，缺少主语，用连接代词，是人获奖，故排除AD，因为需要做主语，只能用主格代词，故选B。
[名师点睛]
主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)
1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。
That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that…
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
Who will go makes no difference.
It is known to us that he is a famous singer.
It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.
本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。
2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别
区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思
*Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.
*Whoever comes here is welcomed.
*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.
*The gift will be given to whomever I like.
wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
= No matter what happened, he……
13. You are gaining weight recently. It is________ you eat too much and haven’t enough time to do exercise.
A. because B. why C. the reason D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你最近体重增加了。这是因为你吃得太多，没有足够的时间做运动。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，“你吃得太多，没有足够的时间做运动”是“体重增加”的原因，故应用“because”引导从句，“It is because…”意为“这是因为……”。故选A项。
14. With your help, there is no doubt ______ our plan is meant for will work out successfully.
A. what that B. whether that C. that what D. that whether
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意：在你的帮助下，毫无疑问，我们的计划将成功地实现。there is no doubt…“毫无疑问……”,为同位语从句，从句中为句子做主语，for缺少宾语，所以用what来充当for的宾语。故选C项。
15. ________ they’ve managed to get everything finished so quickly is not clear to us.
A. Which B. What
C. That D. How
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：他们是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我们还不清楚。主语从句不缺少主语、宾语和定语，因此AB不选；that在主语从句中无意义；空格处是表示方式，因此选D。
【点睛】
分析名词性从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准从句，明确是哪类从句；第二、分析从句句子成分，确定连接词。从句中缺少主语，宾语，表语，或定语要用连接代词，从句中不缺成分，没有意义要用that，表是否用whether，从句缺状语用连接副词when，where，how，why，此句为主语从句，表示他们是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的，缺方式状语，所以用连接副词how。
二、完形填空 (共 15 小题，每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分)
Although an eager baker, I’m terrified of working with dough. It is particularly ____16____— a heavy hand or a gentle press can result in catastrophic failure. Having gained some ____17____ while cooking regularly during this lockdown, I decided to bake a pie all by myself. Usually my mother would send over the shortcrust pastry (简易酥皮) to fill and bake, but it was time to ____18____ her of the burden.
When my pie____19____, it didn’t look very nice, but its taste ____20____ decades-old memories of opening the fridge secretly to break off pieces of buttery crust (黄油酥皮), remaining pieces dropping on the floor and a frameless pie____21____ my attempt to look innocent the next morning. It made me realize that the value of cooking goes beyond mere ____22____ during these troubled times caused by Covid-19.
During social distancing and self-isolation, cooking ____23____ us with the community at large. The community came to the rescue of many of us who weren’t____24____ in cooking as we burnt or misshaped things. A message from a friend, with whom I shared a banana ice cream _____25_____, lead to much laughter: “How do I get the skins off these bananas? My hands are freezing and the banana skins are _____26_____!” I stated that they had to be _____27_____ before going into the fridge, a lesson I had learnt the hard way a week earlier.
It’s simple to heat food in the microwave or order takeout with a _____28_____ of a button. But if you are willing to cook food by yourself, you will buy the _____29_____, store them, cut, chop, and stir — each part of the process is an exercise in patience and creativity. _____30_____, in anxious and unstable times, cooking reminds us of when things weren’t so uncertain.
16. A. tricky B. flexible C. funny D. pleasant
17. A. support B. courage C. respect D. reputation
18. A. remind B. relieve C. remove D. convince
19. A. came up B. came around C. came on D. came out
20. A. brought in B. brought back C. brought forth D. brought forward
21. A. betraying B. interrupting C. threating D. accelerating
22. A. suffering B. surviving C. waiting D. living
23. A. connected B. mixed C. combined D. compared
24. A. interested B. involved C. weak D. expert
25. A. series B. recipe C. record D. theory
26. A. sticky B. broken C. burnt D. stuck
27. A. picked B. watered C. skinned D. sliced
28. A. click B. flick C. stick D. kick
29. A. devices B. nutrients C. components D. ingredients
30. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过讲疫情封锁期间烹饪的一些经历，感悟到在焦虑和不稳定的时代，事情并不是那么不确定。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个特别棘手的问题——一个用力的按压或轻轻的按压可能会导致灾难性的失败。A. tricky棘手的、难办的；B. flexible灵活的；C. funny有趣的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。由上文的“Although an eager baker, I’m terrified of working with dough. (虽然我是一个热心的面包师，但我害怕与面团打交道)”和下文的“a heavy hand or a gentle press can result in catastrophic failure”可知，面团让即使身为面包师的作者也感到棘手。故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在疫情封锁期间，我在定时做饭的过程中获得了一些勇气，我决定自己烤一个馅饼。A. support支持；B. courage勇气；C. respect尊敬；D. reputation名声。由上文的“Although an eager baker, I’m terrified of working with dough. (虽然我是一个热心的面包师，但我害怕与面团打交道)”和下文的“I decided to bake a pie all by myself”可知，害怕与面团打交道的作者决定自己烤一个派，说明作者鼓起了勇气与面团打交道。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常我妈妈会把简易酥皮送过来填充和烘烤，但现在是时候减轻她的负担了。A. remind提醒；B. relieve减轻；C. remove移除；D. convince使信服。由上文的“I decided to bake a pie all by myself. Usually my mother would send over the shortcrust pastry (简易酥皮) to fill and bake(我决定自己烤一个馅饼。通常我妈妈会把简易酥皮送过来填充和烘烤)”和下文从原材料到制作都是自己亲自动手可知，作者减轻了母亲的负担。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我的派出来的时候，看起来不太好，但它的味道让我想起了几十年前的回忆：我偷偷打开冰箱，撕掉黄油酥皮，剩下的碎片掉在地上，一个没有边框的派暴露了我第二天早上试图看起来无辜的企图。A. came up走近；B. came around拜访；C. came on加油；D. came out出现。由下文的“its taste”可知，作者尝了派的味道，说明派出炉了。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我的派出来的时候，看起来不太好，但它的味道让我想起了几十年前的回忆：我偷偷打开冰箱，撕掉黄油酥皮，剩下的碎片掉在地上，一个没有边框的派暴露了我第二天早上试图看起来无辜的企图。A. brought in引进；B. brought back使……回忆起来；C. brought forth提出；D. brought forward使（会议或活动）提前。由下文的“decades-old memories of opening the fridge secretly to break off pieces of buttery crust (黄油酥皮), remaining pieces dropping on the floor”可知，作者在回忆往事。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的派出来的时候，看起来不太好，但它的味道让我想起了几十年前的回忆：我偷偷打开冰箱，撕掉黄油酥皮，剩下的碎片掉在地上，一个没有边框的派暴露了我第二天早上试图看起来无辜的企图。A. betraying出卖；B. interrupting打断；C. threating威胁；D. accelerating加速。由下文的“a frameless pie”可知，作者偷吃，“没有边框的派”出卖了作者，作者的举动被父母识破。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我意识到烹饪的价值不仅仅是在新冠肺炎造成的动荡时期生活。A. suffering遭受；B. surviving生存；C. waiting等待；D. living生活。由上文的“during this lockdown”可知，此处指疫情封锁时期的生活。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在保持社交距离和自我隔离期间，烹饪将我们与整个社区联系起来。A. connected与……有联系；B. mixed混合；C. combined结合；D. compared比较。由下文的“The community came to the rescue of many of us who weren’t____9____ in cooking as we burnt or misshaped things. (社区拯救了我们中的许多人，他们不……烹饪，因为我们烧了东西或东西变形了)”可知，社区来拯救我们，说明烹饪将我们与整个社区联系起来。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：社区拯救了我们中的许多人，他们不擅长烹饪，因为我们烧了东西或东西变形了。A. interested有趣的；B. involved卷入的；C. weak虚弱的；D. expert熟练的。由下文的“as we burnt or misshaped things”可知，我们中的许多人不擅长烹饪。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和一位朋友分享了一份香蕉冰淇淋的配方，朋友发来的一条信息引发了很多笑声：“我怎么把香蕉皮弄下来？我的手都冻僵了，香蕉皮卡住了！”A. series系列；B. recipe配方、食谱；C. record记录；D. theory理论。由下文的“How do I get the skins off these bananas?”可知，作者和一个朋友分享了一个香蕉冰淇淋的配方。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和一位朋友分享了一份香蕉冰淇淋的配方，朋友发来的一条信息引发了很多笑声：“我怎么把香蕉皮弄下来？我的手都冻僵了，香蕉皮卡住了！”A. sticky粘性的；B. broken破碎的；C. burnt灼伤的；D. stuck卡住的、动不了的。由上文的“How do I get the skins off these bananas? My hands are freezing”和下文的“before going into the fridge (在进冰箱之前)”可知，因为香蕉放进了冰箱，朋友无法剥下香蕉皮，说明香蕉皮动不了，香蕉皮没有粘性这一特质。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说，它们在进冰箱之前必须剥皮，这是一周前我从中吸取的教训。A. picked挑选；B. watered浇水；C. skinned剥皮；D. sliced把……切成（薄）片。由上文语境和常识可知，作者的朋友说香蕉皮剥不下来，作者给出的建议是香蕉在冰箱之前必须提前剥皮。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：用微波炉加热食物或点外卖很简单，只需单击一个按钮。A. click点击；B. flick轻弹；C. stick粘贴；D. kick踢。由下文的“of a button”可知，此处指单击一个按钮。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你愿意自己烹饪食物，你会购买食材、储存、切割、切碎和搅拌——这一过程的每一部分都是耐心和创造力的锻炼。A. devices设备；B. nutrients营养物；C. components成分；D. ingredients（尤指烹饪）原料，配料。由上文的“But if you are willing to cook food by yourself”可知，这里提到的是烹饪原材料的问题。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，在焦虑和不稳定的时候，烹饪让我们想起了事情没有那么不确定的时候。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。由下文的“in anxious and unstable times, cooking reminds us of when things weren’t so uncertain”可知，这是作者额外想到的事情，表示递进关系。故选B项。
二、阅读理解 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 22.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。
A
1 Doha, Qatar
Qatar is currently involved in a major conflict with many other countries in the Middle Eastern region, but visitors to its capital , Doha, will still find themselves in the safest city in the world. It’s home to the Museum of Islamic Art, designed by I.M. Pei with inspiration from traditional Islamic architecture, which houses Islamic art from three different continents that have a history of over 1,400 years.
2 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Dropping down from the top spot last year is Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, with a safety index of 88.03. While it has a population of just over 1 million, only 420,000 are actually citizens-whose average net worth is $17 million dollars. It is also home to the Sheikh Zzyed Mosque, the country’s largest, as well as many camel races.
3 Quebec City, Canada
Quebec City is one of the few cities in North America that still has its original city walls. One of the most romantic cities on the planet, its Old Town was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and as a city with just over 700,000 residents, it’s got a safety index of 85.36, landing it in the top three.
4 Osaka, Japan
Osaka is the best city in Japan for food, drinks, and nightlife, and it’s safer than ever. Make sure you visit Osaka Castle while you’re here, which has a park attached, or the nearby Momofuku Ando Instant Ramen Museum, where you can even customize(定制）your own Cup Noodles to take home.
31. In which city can you watch a special sports event?
A. Doha. B. Abu Dhabi.
C. Qubec City. D. Osaka.
32. What can you do in Qucbec City, Canada?
A. Appreciate Islamic art. B. Go to see castles.
C. Visit ancient city walls. D. Make the noodles you like
33. What do the cities have in common?
A. They have museums. B. They are romantic.
C. They have wealthy citizens. D. They are very safe.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。这是一则旅游广告。文章介绍了四个城市的特点。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据2 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates中It is also home to the Sheikh Zzyed Mosque, the country’s largest, as well as many camel races.“这里也是沙特最大的清真寺谢赫·齐义德清真寺的所在地，同时也是许多骆驼比赛的举办地。”可知，在Abu Dhabi城市可以观看特别的体育赛事。故选B。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据3 Quebec City, Canada中Quebec City is one of the few cities in North America that still has its original city walls.“Quebec City是北美少数几个仍保留其原有城墙的城市之一。”可知，在加拿大Qucbec City参观古老的城墙。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据1 Doha, Qatar中but visitors to its capital , Doha, will still find themselves in the safest city in the world. 2 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates中Dropping down from the top spot last year is Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, with a safety index of 88.03. 3 Quebec City, Canada中and as a city with just over 700,000 residents, it’s got a safety index of 85.36, landing it in the top three.和4 Osaka, Japan中Osaka is the best city in Japan for food, drinks, and nightlife, and it’s safer than ever.可知，这四个城市的共同点是“他们非常安全”。故选D。
B
Dr. Josefina has recently published a book, Vibrant at Any Age, based on her lifelong journey of self-improvement. Josefina, 71, is glad she didn’t think about her age when she took up bodybuilding at age 59.
“I reinvent myself every ten years, and so I started my 60s as a bodybuilder and now I begin my 70s as a writer,” she said, “People limit themselves by age, which is very frustrating. Age is a mindset.”
Dr. Josefina started bodybuilding at an age when most are considering retirement, though she was an athlete from an early age. As a child in Venezuela she took to gymnastics and later graduated with a physical education degree. She taught at Latin High School in Cambridge, for 16 years, while raising two daughters.
“I started bodybuilding when I met Steve Pfiester, a gym guy who knew I ran and practiced yoga. He invited me to his gym and offered to train me.” she said.
Dr. Josefina’s photos are proof that she spends long hours taking care of her body. But she also develops her mind and spirit. On any given day, she gets up at 3:00 am to read books. At 4:30 am she’s out of the door to walk three miles and run another three. This is followed by yoga and a swim at the beach while the sun rises. After writing in her journal and working on her book between 8 and 10 am, Dr. Josefina hits the gym for at least two hours.
Dr. Josefina’s fight against ageism has rubbed off on her two daughters, both in their early thirties. “They both take care of their bodies and minds. They’re very proud of me. If you give them a good foundation as a parent, you know that they will always come back to their roots. I tried to remind myself of that during their difficult teen years.”
34. What’s Dr. Josefina’s opinion on age?
A. Age is a state of mind.
B. Age can’t be hidden.
C. Every age has its pains.
D. Age decides your career.
35. What made Dr. Josefina start bodybuilding?
A. The need of her job. B. Her early dream.
C. The desire to be a writer. D. Steve Pfiester’s influence.
36. Which of the following can best describe Dr. Josefina’s morning schedule?
A. Flexible. B. Dull. C. Tight. D. Easy
37. What can be inferred about Dr. Josefina from the last paragraph?
A. She will return to the retirement.
B. She will set up a fitness foundation.
C. She often thinks of her teenage years.
D. She sets up an example to her daughters.
【答案】34. A 35. D 36. C 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是71岁的Josefina博士用自己的亲身经历证明：年龄不应该成为老年人追求美好生活的障碍。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“People limit themselves by age, which is very frustrating. Age is a mindset.(人们总是受年龄的限制，这让人很沮丧。年龄是一种心态。)”可知，她认为年龄只是一种心态。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“I started bodybuilding when I met Steve Pfiester, a gym guy who knew I ran and practiced yoga.(我开始健身是因为我遇到了Steve Pfiester，他是一个健身房的人，他知道我跑步和练习瑜伽。)”可知，她是在Steve Pfiester的影响下开始健身的。故选D。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On any given day, she gets up at 3:00 am to read books. At 4:30 am she’s out of the door to walk three miles and run another three. This is followed by yoga and a swim at the beach while the sun rises. After writing in her journal and working on her book between 8 and 10 am, Dr. Josefina hits the gym for at least two hours.(在任何一天，她都是凌晨3点起床读书。凌晨4:30，她出门走三英里，再跑三英里。之后是瑜伽和太阳升起时在海滩游泳。在早上8点到10点写完日记和写完书之后，Josefina博士会去健身房至少两个小时。)”可推断，Dr. Josefina每天上午把时间安排得非常紧凑：读书、健身、写作等都不耽误，她很忙碌。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Josefina’s fight against ageism has rubbed off on her two daughters, both in their early thirties.(Dr. Josefina反对年龄歧视的斗争影响了她的两个女儿，她们都是30岁出头。)”和“If you give them a good foundation as a parent, you know that they will always come back to their roots. I tried to remind myself of that during their difficult teen years.(作为父母，如果你给他们一个良好的基础，你知道他们总是会回到自己的根。在他们艰难的青少年时期，我试着提醒自己这一点。)”可推断，Dr. Josefina为两个女儿树立了良好的榜样。故选D。
C
Despite the deeply rooted impression that hotels are humorless, colorless spaces, there’re already many design-forward accommodation options around the world. It’s easy to see the appeal of spending your vacation in a pretty, Instagram-worthy spot that truly fits into a destination instead of feeling like it could have appeared anywhere.
But when it comes to choosing between a pre-dawn wakeup at a fashionable-neighborhood design hotel in order to get to the airport in time for my flight or just crashing at an airport chain hotel and being able to squeeze in another hour of rest, I always go for Option B.
That is even truer now that I’m attempting to travel during the pandemic. I still want convenience, but my number-one concern is cleanliness. Lots of hotels have adopted measures of disinfection amid the pandemic, but many of them take place outside of a guest’s watchful eye. Admittedly, white walls are cheap, easy, and lack personality and creativity. But these days, they are a place I can easily look for dirty spots without needing a blue light camera.
And while huge sculptures and electric pieces of Pop Art are fun to stare at in museums they’re too much sensory overload when I’m just trying to feel at ease. Ultimately my sense of peace in a chain hotel room isn’t just about paint colors or art choices, but its uniformity. There’s always a fresh towel to pull off the rack (架子), a pad of paper and a pen on the desk, and a hot shower. When travel makes us stressed out in a city where we may not speak the local language, staying at a chain hotel means that at least something is familiar.
Not everything needs to be dramatic every day. Compared to my usual life in a tiny apartment on a loud, busy street, the quiet cool feeling of placelessness is paradise.
38. Which of the following hotel rooms will the author most likely stay in?
A. A room whose pictures can be posted on social media.
B. A room where the airport is short distance away.
C. A room which shows the typical local culture.
D. A room which is decorated with art work.
39. Why does the author prefer a chain hotel room these days?
A. It’s much cheaper than other hotels.
B. It’s more convenient than other hotels.
C. It makes the author feel at home.
D. It ensures cleanliness in some way.
40. What does the underlined word “uniformity” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. uniqueness B. sameness C. warmth D. dullness
41. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To justify choosing chain hotels.
B. To compare different types of hotels.
C. To describe a travel experience.
D. To introduce how to choose a hotel.
【答案】38. B 39. D 40. B 41. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者以自己的经历列举了连锁酒店的好处，讲明了选择连锁酒店的合理性。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“But when it comes to choosing between a pre-dawn wakeup at a fashionable-neighborhood design hotel in order to get to the airport in time for my flight or just crashing at an airport chain hotel and being able to squeeze in another hour of rest, I always go for Option B. (但是，当我要在一家时尚的邻里设计酒店选择黎明前起床，以便及时抵达机场，还是在机场连锁酒店过夜，然后再挤出一个小时休息时，我总是选择B计划)”可知，作者最有可能在机场连锁酒店过夜，即住在离机场很近的房间。故选B项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“That is even truer now that I’m attempting to travel during the pandemic. I still want convenience, but my number-one concern is cleanliness. (现在我正试图在疫情期间旅行，这更是事实。我仍然想要方便，但我最关心的是清洁)”可知，作者现在更喜欢连锁酒店房间，是因为它在某种程度上确保了清洁。故选D项。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。由第四段中的“Ultimately my sense of peace in a chain hotel room isn’t just about paint colors or art choices, but its uniformity. There’s always a fresh towel to pull off the rack (架子), a pad of paper and a pen on the desk, and a hot shower. When travel makes us stressed out in a city where we may not speak the local language, staying at a chain hotel means that at least something is familiar. (最终，我在连锁酒店房间里的平静感不仅仅是油漆颜色或艺术选择，而是它的uniformity。总是有一条新毛巾可以从架子上取下，桌上有一张纸和一支笔，还有一个热水淋浴。当旅行让我们在一个可能不会说当地语言的城市感到压力时，住在连锁酒店意味着至少有些东西是熟悉的)”可知，连锁酒店提供的设施基本一样，让人感到熟悉，说明作者喜欢一致性的东西。uniformity意为“sameness（一致性）”。故选B项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“But when it comes to choosing between a pre-dawn wakeup at a fashionable-neighborhood design hotel in order to get to the airport in time for my flight or just crashing at an airport chain hotel and being able to squeeze in another hour of rest, I always go for Option B. (但是，当我要在一家时尚的邻里设计酒店选择黎明前起床，以便及时抵达机场，还是在机场连锁酒店过夜，然后再挤出一个小时休息时，我总是选择B计划)”，第三段中的“I still want convenience, but my number-one concern is cleanliness. (我仍然想要方便，但我最关心的是清洁)”，第四段中的“Ultimately my sense of peace in a chain hotel room isn’t just about paint colors or art choices, but its uniformity. (最终，我在连锁酒店房间里的平静感不仅仅是油漆颜色或艺术选择，而是它的一致性)”和最后一段中的“Compared to my usual life in a tiny apartment on a loud, busy street, the quiet cool feeling of placelessness is paradise. (与我平时在喧闹繁忙的街道上的一间小公寓里的生活相比，那种无处安放的安静凉爽的感觉简直就是天堂)”可知，作者以自己的经历列举了连锁酒店的好处，目的在于说明选择连锁酒店的合理性。故选A项。
D
Everything about nuclear energy seems terrifically big: the cost, construction and decommissioning -- and the fears of something going badly wrong. The future, however, may well be much smaller. Dozens of companies are working on a new generation of reactors that, they promise, can deliver nuclear power at lower cost and reduced risk. These small - scale plants will on average generate between 50 MW and 300 MW of power compared with the 1,000 MW - plus from a conventional rector. They will draw on modular manufacturing techniques that will reduce construction risk, which has plagued larger 0 scale projects. Supporters believe these advanced modular reactors (AMRs) -- most of which will not be commercial until the 2030s -- are critical if atomic power is to compete against the rapidly falling costs of solar and wind.
“The physics hasn’t changed. it’s about much cleverer design that offers much needed flexibility in terms of operation,” said Tim Stone, long-term industry adviser and chairman of Nuclear Risk Insurers, which insures nuclear sites in the UK. Since the Fukushima meltdown in Japan in 2011, safety fears have threatened nuclear power. But the biggest obstacle today is economic. In western Europe, just three plants are under construction: in the UK at Hinkley Point C in somerset; at Flaman-ville in France; and at Olkiluoto in Finland. All involve the European Pressurized reactor technology of EDF that will be used at Hinkley Point. All are running years late and over budget. In the US, the first two nuclear projects under way for the past 30 years are also blowing through cost estimates .
The UK, which opened the world’s first commercial nuclear reactor in 1956, is one of the few western nations committed to renewing its ageing fleet to ensure energy security and meet tough carbon reduction targets. It is seen as a proving ground, by many in the industry, of nuclear power’s ability to restore confidence. However, the country’s under severe criticism over its cost. The government is looking at different funding models but said it still sees nuclear power as vital to the country’s future energy mix. Small reactors, it believes, have the potential to generate much - needed power from the 2030s.
42. What can be learned from the passage about the advanced modular reactors (AMRs)?
A. They don’t work on the same principles as traditional reactors.
B. They haven’t been widely used for business purposes.
C. They are at a critical stage of being manufactured.
D. They operate more flexibly than wind generators.
43. In paragraph 2, the writer mentions the plants in different countries in order to _______.
A. show that the advanced technology of EDF is mature
B. argue against the popular use of nuclear power
C. prove that their construction costs more than available
D. suggest a possible solution to budget problems
44. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The UK government is reducing its funding for ageing nuclear facilities.
B. Some people have lost their confidence in the use of unclear power.
C. People are more supportive of solar and wind energy than nuclear energy.
D. The UK is decreasing the impact of nuclear power on its economy.
45. Which of the following might be the best title of passage?
A. Large - scale nuclear plants will be a big hit
B. Traditional reactors boom with new mini ones
C. The government should reflect on nuclear safety
D. Nuclear power looks to shrink its way to success
【答案】42. B 43. C 44. B 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了核能的新发展，数十家公司正在开发新一代反应堆，他们承诺，这种反应堆可以以更低的成本和更低的风险提供核能。核能在成功的道路上似乎距离又缩小了。
【详解】1.推理判断题。结合第一段最后一句中“Supporters believe these advanced modular reactors (AMRs) -- most of which will not be commercial until the 2030s ”支持者认为，这些先进的模块化反应堆(AMRs)——其中大多数要到本世纪30年代才能投入商用。可知，到目前为止，大部分的AMRs还没有投入使用。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“All involve the European Pressurized reactor technology of EDF that will be used at Hinkley Point. All are running years late and over budget. In the US, the first two nuclear projects under way for the past 30 years are also blowing through cost estimates .”所有这些都涉及到 法国电力公司（EDF）将在Hinkley Point使用 的欧洲加压反应堆技术，所有这些都比预算晚了好几年，而且超出了预算。在美国，过去30年正在进行的前两个核项目也超出了成本估算。由此可知，文章中提到的西欧和美国的核电站，用来证明建设核电站的成本超出了可用的预算。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“ It is seen as a proving ground, by many in the industry, of nuclear power’s ability to restore confidence.”许多业内人士视为，这是核能恢复信心能力的试验场。由此判断出，有些人已经对使用核能失去了信心。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。结合第一段前三句“Everything about nuclear energy seems terrifically big: the cost, construction and decommissioning -- and the fears of something going badly wrong. The future, however, may well be much smaller. Dozens of companies are working on a new generation of reactors that, they promise, can deliver nuclear power at lower cost and reduced risk.”关于核能的一切看起来都非常巨大: 成本、建设和退役——以及对出现严重问题的担忧。然而，未来可能会小得多。几十家公司正在研发新一代的反应堆，他们承诺，这种反应堆能够以更低的成本和风险提供核能。以及后文的内容，可知本文主要讨论了当前核能开发存在耗资巨大且存在核泄漏风险，因此人们正对这种技术失去信心，但是由于新的核能发电方式AMRs的出现，可能会扭转这种情况。所以可知，本文的标题应为“核能的成功之路似乎在缩小”。故选D。
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to eat healthily
A lot of people tend to choose a balanced diet in order to keep fit, but being on a healthy diet goes beyond simply eating more fruits and vegetables. You also need to change your mindset about food. ____46____ Do you eat more when you feel stressed? Do you reduce your food intake on purpose in order to feel like you are in control? If your answer is ‘yes’, then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food, and the following tips can help you change it.
Find a healthier replacement. ____47____ You could instead go for a walk, take a bath, or call a trusted friend for a chat. Whatever you choose, it should be something that can ease your stress. This may help you no longer feel the need to eat.
____48____ A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. The belief is quite common. ____49____ You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food bodily functions positively or negatively.
Get medical support from professionals. Eating disorders are classified as mental illnesses. And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors.____50____
A. Consider food as fuel.
B. Take a hard look at your eating habits.
C. What and how should we eat to be healthy?
D. However, you should break this habitual thinking.
E. If you find that you tend to eat unhealthy foods when you’re stressed, find an alternative activity.
F. If you don’t eat regularly, you are going to have an eating disorder, which means you should go to see a medical specialist.
G. If you suspect that you have an eating disorder, whether it’s overeating or undereating, consult a medical specialist and get professional help.
【答案】46. B 47. E 48. A 49. D 50. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。仅仅吃更多的水果和蔬菜是无法实现健康的饮食的，还需要改变对食物的观念，可以通过寻找健康的替代品，向专业人士寻找医疗支持等等方法改变态度。
【46题详解】
上文“You also need to change your mindset about food.(你还需要改变你对食物的看法)”提到要改变对饮食的看法来保持饮食均衡，下文提到一些问题“Do you eat more when you feel stressed? Do you reduce your food intake on purpose in order to feel like you are in control? If your answer is ‘yes’, then you probably have held a problematic attitude toward food(当你感到有压力时，你会吃得更多吗?你是否有意减少食物的摄入量，以让自己感觉一切尽在掌握?如果你的回答是肯定的，那么你对食物的态度很可能是有问题的)”，说明要认真想想一些有关饮食均衡的问题，因此推断B项“认真审视一下你的饮食习惯。”符合语境。故选B。
【47题详解】
根据段落标题“Find an healthier replacement(找一个更健康的替代物)”可知，本段主要讲找替代物，E项中的“find an alternative activity”呼应标题。因此推断E项“如果你发现你在有压力时倾向于吃不健康的食物，找另一种活动来替代”符合语境。下文列举了一些活动。故选E。
【48题详解】
空处为段落标题。根据下文“A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. The belief is quite common.(很多人认为吃是一种重要来获得乐趣或消磨时间的方式。这种想法很普遍)”和“You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food bodily functions positively or negatively.(你最好仔细考虑食物对身体功能的确切影响是积极的还是消极的)”可推断，本段讲述仔细考虑食物的功能，因此推断A项“把食物看作燃料”为最佳标题。故选A。
【49题详解】
根据上文“A lot of people believe that eating is an important way to have fun or kill time. The belief is quite common.(很多人认为吃是一种重要来获得乐趣或消磨时间的方式。这种想法很常见)”和下文“You’d better think carefully about the exact effects the food bodily functions positively or negatively.(你最好仔细考虑食物对身体功能的确切影响是积极的还是消极的)”可知，认为吃是享乐、消磨时间的观点是常见的，但是要对这种进食行为进行仔细的思考。可以推断，空格处要表达的意思是要打破之前的这种认识。因此推断D项“但是，你应该打破这个认知习惯”符合语境。故选D。
【50题详解】
根据段落标题“Get medical support from professionals.(寻求专业人士的医疗支持)”和前文“Eating disorders are classified as mental illnesses. And you can’t always just talk yourself into stopping destructive behaviors.(饮食失调被归类为精神疾病。你不能总是说服自己停止破坏性的行为)”可知，本段主要讲的是饮食紊乱被归类为精神紊乱，要从专业人士那里寻找医疗支持。G项中的“go to see a medical specialist”呼应前文，因此推断G项“如果你怀疑自己患有饮食失调，无论是暴饮暴食还是吃得太少，都要咨询医学专家并获得专业的帮助”符合语境。故选G。
第二卷
四、单词拼写(共 15 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
根据首字母及中文提示，用《选择性必修二》Unit 2 - Unit 4 单元所学单词填空，使句子意义通顺、语法正确。请在答题卡上写出完整的单词。
51. Maybe I can act as a m________ (信差) for you.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】messenger##essager
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：或许我可以替你当信差。根据汉语和首字母提示，“信差”的英文为messager，是可数名词，空前的不定冠词a表明用单数，故填messager。
52. We were a________ (震惊的) at the news that a cinematographer was accidentally shot and killed by a prop gun on set. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】astonished##stonished
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们对一个摄影师在片场被道具枪意外射杀的消息感到震惊。空格处用形容词作表语，修饰主语we应用ed结尾的形容词，由首字母提示a可知，“震惊的”的形容词是astonished，故填astonished。
53. C________ (相反的) to popular belief, women cause fewer road accidents than men. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Contrary##ontrary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：与普遍看法相反，女性造成的交通事故比男性少。be contrary to与……相反。根据中英文提示及句意，故填Contrary。
54. E________ (暴露) of your face to strong sunlight can be harmful to the skin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Exposure##xposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你的脸暴露在强烈的阳光下可能对皮肤有害。根据分析句子可知，E______ (暴露) of your face to strong sunlight为句子的主语，“暴露”应使用名词形式，且置于句首，首字母要大写，再由首字母和汉语提示可知，应使用exposure。故填Exposure。
55. After years of warfare in the Middle East, NATO countries now are forced to confront f________ (基本的，根本的) moral questions. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】fundamental##undamental
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过多年的中东战争，北约国家现在不得不面对基本的道德问题。根据首字母及汉语提示，表示“基本的，根本的”应用形容词fundamental，此处作定语。故填fundamental。
56. The Belt and Road I________ (倡议，新方案) is a way for win-win cooperation that promotes common development and prosperity and a road toward peace and friendship by enhancing mutual understanding and trust, and strengthening all-around exchanges. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Initiative##nitiative
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：共建“一带一路”是促进共同发展繁荣的合作共赢之路，是增进相互理解信任、加强全方位交流的和平友谊之路。根据汉语提示和句子结构，名词initiative“倡议，新方案”符合题意，“一带一路”表达为the Belt and Road Initiative。故填Initiative。
57. He left a huge b________ (束) of flowers in her hotel room yesterday. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】bunch##unch
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：昨天他在她的旅馆房间里留下了一大束花。根据首字母以及汉语提示，表示“束”应用名词bunch，此处应用单数形式，a bunch of...意为“一束”。故填bunch。
58. In order to better prepare yourself for the “strengthening basic disciplines plan”, you’d better a________ (预料，预见) any tough questions and rehearse your answers. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】anticipate##nticipate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了更好地为“强化基础学科计划”做准备，你最好提前准备好所有难题，并预习答案。由首字母提示a可知，“预料，预见”是anticipate，had better后跟动词原形，had better do意为“最好做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，故填anticipate。
59. “Let the cat out of the bag” is an i________(习语)meaning that someone tells a secret by mistake.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】idiom##diom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：“说漏嘴”是一个习语，意思是某人不小心说出了秘密。冠词后用名词单数，根据首字母和汉语提示可知，“习语”是idiom。故填idiom。
60. He used to live in a dark room with dirty c________(窗帘) hanging in front of the windows. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】curtains##urtains##curtain##urtain
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他过去住在一间黑暗房间里，窗前挂着肮脏的窗帘。空处应填名词作介词with的宾语，根据中英文提示可知，curtain窗帘，可数名词，此处用单复数均可。故填curtain(s)。
61. The school was used as a hospital for the d________ (期间；持续时间) of COVID-19. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】duration##uration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在新冠肺炎期间，这所学校被用作医院。空处应填名词作介词for的宾语，根据中英文提示可知，duration期间，持续时间，不可数名词。故填duration。
62. O________ (由于) to a lack of work experience, we wasted much time and energy. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Owing##wing
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于缺乏工作经验，我们浪费了很多时间和精力。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用固定短语owing to“由于”，作原因状语。故填Owing。
63. I’ve been out of work for several months and have to live on a tight b________ (预算). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】budget##udget
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我已经失业几个月了，不得不靠紧张的预算生活。根据前文 a tight 可知，所填单词为名词，再由首字母和汉语提示可知，应填budget。故填budget。
64. As headteachers, we must be c________ (一致的) in applying the rules to all students. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】consistent##onsistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为校长，我们必须始终如一地将规则应用于所有学生。根据首字母以及汉语提示，空处应用形容词consistent，作句子表语，构成短语be consistent in doing sth.，表示“在做某事方面一直不变”，符合句意。故填consistent。
65. The police think that there may be a________ (联系) between the two cases. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】association##ssociation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方认为这两个案件之间可能有联系。根据首字母a可知，表示“联系”应用名词association作主语。故填association。
五、课文填空 (共 15 空，每空 0.5 分，共 7.5 分)
Unit 2
根据课文原文填空。
Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ ____66____ in class as part of the final result. Students need to ____67____ ideas, offer examples, apply concepts, and raise questions, as well as give ____68____. At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking____69____ in class after just a few weeks. “My presentation on traditional Chinese art was a great success, which ____70____ my confidence,” she said. “I’ll use these skills back home for presentations. They’ll help me build a strong business in the future.”
【答案】66. participation
67. generate
68. presentation
69. up 70. boosted
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了谢蕾在学习中发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题并且还要进行展示。开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。她的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了自己的自信心。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，谢蕾发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。根据句意可知，此处用名词participation“参与”作宾语，名词所有格修饰名词，是不可数名词，故填participation。
【67题详解】
考查动词。句意：学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题并且还要进行展示。分析句子可知，need后接不定式作宾语，to是不定式符号，空处用动词，根据句意，generate“形成”符合句意，故填generate。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。根据句意和下文的presentation，此处表示“给出展示”，give后接名词presentation“展示”作宾语，是不可数名词，故填presentation。
【69题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。根据句意，speak up“大胆地说”符合句意，故填up。
【70题详解】
考查动词。句意：“我的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她说。分析句子可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，空处是从句的谓语动词，根据句意，boost“提高”符合句意，根据主句中的was可知，用一般过去时，故填boosted。
Unit 3
根据课文原文填空。
At a ____71____, the kinds of food local people ____72____ tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold____73____ are bold themselves? Or, that those who like ____74____ food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say, however, is that culture and ____75____ go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.
【答案】71. minimum
72. consume
73. flavours
74. spicy 75. cuisine
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物与文化之间的关系，文化和菜肴是相辅相成的，如果你没有体验过其中之一，你就永远不可能真正了解另一个。
【71题详解】
考查名词。句意：至少，当地人吃的食物种类告诉我们，他们在他们的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“至少”，应用名词minimum，构成固定短语at a minimum。故填minimum。
【72题详解】
考查动词。句意：至少，当地人吃的食物种类告诉我们，他们在他们的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“当地人食用的食物种类”，应用动词consume“吃”，设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语是local people，应用动词原形。故填consume。
【73题详解】
考查名词。句意：例如，我们是否也可以说，那些喜欢浓郁口味的人自己也很大胆？结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“口味”，应用名词flavour，可数名词，前无限定词，应用名词复数，表泛指。故填flavours。
【74题详解】
考查形容词。句意：或者，那些喜欢辛辣食物的人往往脾气暴躁？结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“辛辣的”，应用形容词spicy，修饰名词food，作定语。故填spicy。
【75题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，我们可以说，文化和菜肴是相辅相成的，如果你没有体验过其中之一，你就永远不可能真正了解另一个。结合上下文可知，该空处句意为“菜肴”，应用名词cuisine，不可数名词，与culture作表语从句的并列主语。故填cuisine。
Unit 4
根据课文原文填空。
The next morning the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked ____76____. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water ____77____ took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. They spent the night, and then took a coach ____78____ north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. In addition to seeing____79____ mountain peaks and forests, one ____80____ of their trip was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.
【答案】76. massive
77. literally
78. bound 79. spectacular
80. highlight
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两个女孩很早就起床，乘火车穿过加拿大落基山脉前往路易斯湖路上的风景。
【76题详解】
考查形容词。句意：从火车车窗望出去，加拿大的群山和森林看起来很广阔。由“the mountains and forests of Canada”可知，句子表示“从火车车窗望出去，加拿大的群山和森林看起来很广阔”，空格处意为“广阔的”，用形容词作表语，是massive，故填massive。
【77题详解】
考查副词。句意：火车到站后，她们乘出租车去了路易斯湖，那里蔚蓝的湖水美得简直让人惊叹不已。由“took their breath away with its exceptional beauty”可知，句子表示“那里蔚蓝的湖水美得简直让人惊叹不已”，空格处意为“简直”，用副词literally，故填literally。
78题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她们在那里住了一晚，然后乘长途汽车向北穿过加拿大落基山脉到达 贾斯珀。由“north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper”可知，句子表示“他们在那里住了一晚，然后乘长途汽车向北穿过加拿大落基山脉到达贾斯珀”，空格处意为“前往”，用形容词bound作后置定语，故填bound。
【79题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了看到壮观的山峰和森林，她们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰。由“mountain peaks and forests”可知，此处表示“除了看到壮观的山峰和森林，她们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰”，空格处意为“壮观的”，用形容词spectacular作定语，修饰名词短语“mountain peaks and forests”，故填spectacular。
【80题详解】
考查名词。句意：除了看到壮观的山峰和森林，他们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰。由“was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle”可知，句子表示“她们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至是灰熊和鹰”，空格处意为“亮点”，是highlight，空前有one，空格处用单数，故填highlight。
六、语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
War epic The Battle at Lake Changjin continued its march into China’s box office record books over the weekend and broke 24 records ____81____ Chinese film history, including becoming the first Chinese film to break 400 million yuan at the daily box office for six days. Its biggest highlight is ____82____ it has achieved a high degree of national empathy (共情) and cultural output for Chinese films heading overseas, which is ____83____ hard-to-reach achievement for other commercial movies.
Audiences were deeply moved by the Chinese People’s Volunteers (CPVs) ____84____ sacrificed their lives during the War to Resist US Aggression (侵略) and Aid Korea (1950-53). According to a video on Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok, students from a middle school ____85____ (base) in Central China’s Henan Province experience how Chinese soldiers____86____ (eat) fried flour and frozen potatoes on the battlefield after watching the film. In a voice choked with tears, one student remarks how ____87____ need to cherish their hard-won lives without complaining anymore.
We seem to have become accustomed to ____88____ (watch) supermen flying across the big screen. But this time, The Battle at Lake Changjin is a movie that ____89____ (true) belongs to the Chinese, and has shaped Chinese ____90____ (hero) and told a good Chinese story.
【答案】81. in 82. that
83. a 84. who##that
85. based 86. ate
87. they 88. watching
89. truly 90. heroes
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是《长津湖之战》这部电影的相关情况。
【81题详解】
考查介词。句意：战争史诗电影《长津湖之战》在周末继续挺进中国票房纪录，打破了中国电影史上的24项纪录，其中包括成为第一部连续六天单日票房突破4亿元的中国电影。“Chinese film history”意为“中国电影史”，表示“在中国电影史上”时，前面要加介词in。故填in。
【82题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：它最大的亮点是为走向海外的中国电影实现了高度的民族共情和文化输出，这是其他商业电影难以企及的成就。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句。故填that。
【83题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它最大的亮点是为走向海外的中国电影实现了高度的民族共情和文化输出，这是其他商业电影难以企及的成就。achievement是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，hard-to-reach是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
【84题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：观众们被在抗美援朝战争（1950-53年）中献出生命的中国人民志愿军深深打动。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“Chinese People’s Volunteers”是人，因此空格处用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
【85题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据抖音上的一段视频，中国中部河南省一所中学的学生在看完这部电影后，体验了中国士兵如何在战场上吃油炸面粉和冷冻土豆。句中谓语是experience，空格处用非谓语动词，school和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。故填based。
【86题详解】
考查时态。句意：根据抖音上的一段视频，中国中部河南省一所中学的学生在看完这部电影后，体验了中国士兵如何在战场上吃油炸面粉和冷冻土豆。由“on the battlefield”可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故填ate。
【87题详解】
考查代词。句意：一名学生哽咽着说，他们需要珍惜来之不易的生命，不再抱怨。根据语境可知，句子表示“一名学生哽咽着说，他们需要珍惜来之不易的生命，不再抱怨”，空格处意为“他们”，用代词they作主语。故填they。
【88题详解】
考查动名词。句意：我们似乎已经习惯了看超人在大银幕上飞来飞去。become accustomed to doing是固定短语，意为“习惯于做某事”，因此空格处用动名词watching作宾语。故填watching。
【89题详解】
考查副词。句意：但这一次，《长津湖之战》是一部真正属于中国人的电影，塑造了中国英雄，讲述了一个好的中国故事。空格处用副词truly修饰动词belongs，truly意为“真正地”。故填truly。
【90题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：但这一次，《长津湖之战》是一部真正属于中国人的电影，塑造了中国英雄，讲述了一个好的中国故事。hero是可数名词，英雄不止一个，因此空格处用复数heroes。故填heroes。
七、书面表达(共 15 分)
91. 假如你是李华，请根据下面提示用英语给英国朋友Tom写一封100词左右的电子邮件，介绍你最近的一次秋游经历。
1. 去城郊的山上游览；
2. 有人想乘公交车前往，有人想步行，最后决定骑自行车；
3. 描写风景和感受。 注意：
1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How happy I am to receive your last email, in which
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
How happy I am to receive your last email, in which you asked about my autumn travel. Now I will tell you something about the trip to the mountain on the outskirts of town organized by our Students’ Union.
Some of us preferred to take a bus while others were fond of walking, and finally we were persuaded to cycle. When we got there, we were greatly impressed by its beautiful view. All kinds of butterflies were flying freely in the valley. The air there was pleasant to breathe.
Though we were tired, it was a trip that improved our friend ship and raised our awareness of caring about the environment.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语给英国朋友Tom写封信，介绍最近的一次秋游经历，内容包括：1.去城郊的山上游览；2.有人想乘公交车前往，有人想步行，最后决定骑自行车；3.描写风景和感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旅行：trip→journey
最后：finally→at last
风景：view→scenery
令人愉快的：pleasant→enjoyable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Now I will tell you something about the trip to the mountain on the outskirts of town organized by our Students’ Union.
拓展句：Now I will tell you something about the trip to the mountain on the outskirts of town which was organized by our Students’ Union.
【点睛】[高分句型1] How happy I am to receive your last email, in which you asked about my autumn travel. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Though we were tired, it was a trip that improved our friend ship and raised our awareness of caring about the environment. (运用了though引导的让步状语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句)
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