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2022-2023学年四川省泸州市泸县第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题解析版
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这是一份2022-2023学年四川省泸州市泸县第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题解析版，共21页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。
1. What is the mst expensive thing that the wman rders?
A. Her drink. B. Her bread. C. Her vegetable.
2. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T cancel a weekend trip. B. T make an appintment. C. T get sme infrmatin.
3. What des the man prbably want t d?
A. D sme exercise. B. Get an extra key. C. Order rm service.
4. What will the speakers d next?
A. Check the map. B. Leave the restaurant. C. Park the car.
5. What did the speakers d last week?
A. They had a celebratin dinner.
B. They went t see a newbrn baby.
C. They sent a mail t their neighbrs.
第二节(共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段长对话，回答第6、7题。
6. When will the wman be able t sit at a table?
A. At 7:30. B. At 7:45. C. At 8:00.
7. Where will the wman g next?
A. T a cncert hall. B. T McDnald’s. C. T her hme.
听第7段长对话，回答第8至9题。
8. Why des the wman cme t the man?
A. T ask fr permissin. B. T extend an invitatin. C. T express thanks.
9. When are the students ging t the museum?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听第8段长对话，回答第10至12题。
10. What was the first piece f bad news Jhn tld Mary?
A. Tim had caught a bad cld.
B. He played badly in a match.
C. Their class had lst a basketball match.
11. What d yu knw abut Tim frm the dialgue?
A. He is ften ill. B. He is very gd at basketball. C. He is the team leader.
12. What des Miss Green d?
A. She is a student. B. She is a husewife. C. She teaches histry.
听第9段长对话，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Player and fan. B. Patient and dctr. C. Custmer and manager.
14. Why is the man cmplaining?
A. The rm is nisy. B. It is an unfair match. C. The htel is t far.
15. What can we knw frm the cnversatin?
A. The man nly stays here fr ne night.
B. The match attracts many yung peple.
C. The wman desn’t take actin t slve it.
16. Hw des the man feel at last?
A. Satisfied. B. Unhappy. C. Wrried.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。
17. What d children spend a lt f time ding nw?
A. Using sme electrnic equipment.
B. Playing sme cmputer games.
C. Watching sme YuTube vides.
18. What d children lack in their hands?
A. Bnes. B. Skills. C. Strength.
19. What may be influenced by the prblem?
A. Sme students will nt use pencils any mre.
B. The handwriting f sme students will get wrse.
C. The pencil and pen factries will suffer a great lss.
20. What was better fr children’s develpment?
A. Climbing trees. B. Visiting museums. C. Having a gd family life.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Jurnalists are the prfessinals(专业人士) that are respnsible fr bringing all up-t-date infrmatin t readers frm every cmer f the wrld. By delivering their vice, many famus jurnalists have earned wrldwide fame.
Jseph Pulitzer
Accrding t Jseph Pulitzer, if a natin can be seen as a large ship at sea, the jurnalists are its watchkeepers wh reprt hidden dangers t make sure the safe jurney f the ship.He wrked fr the St.Luis Pst-Dispatch and The Wrld. He is knwn t the wrld as the “Grandfather f Mdern Jurnalism”.
Margaret Burke White
Margaret Burke-White is knwn as the first female war jurnalist and a skilled pht-jurnalist. She did sme utstanding wrk by creating a phtgraphic recrd f Wrld War and the Great Depressin.She was the nly pht-jurnalist wh was permitted t wrk in cmbat zne by the US army t reprt the war.
Carl Bernstein
Carl Bernstein is ne f the mst famus American investigative jurnalist, and he has prved the saying,“The pen is mre pwerful than swrd”. Carl wrked with anther great jurnalist Bb Wdward at The Washingtn Pst.They brught abut a revlutin in the US by wrking tgether n the Watergate scandal(丑闻),which led t President Richard Nixn's resignatin.This let The Washingtn Pst receive a Pulitzer Prize fr Public Service in1973.
Anna Quindlen
Anna Quindlen's lve fr jurnalism gave her a kick-start frm her high schl where she wrked fr her high schl paper. Later, she went n t write interesting and in demand clumns(专栏)like“Hers”,”Public and Private”and many mre fr The New Yrk Times,which wn her the Pulitzer Prize in 1992.This is the reasn why she is knwn as the“Vice f the Baby Bmers”.
1. Wh has cntributed mst t mdern jurnalism?
A. Jseph Pulitzer.B. Margaret Burke-White.
C. Carl Bernstein.D. Anna Quindlen.
2. Hw many female jurnalists des the text mentin in all?
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.D. Fur.
3. In which sectin f a newspaper may this passage appear?
A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Figure.D. Service.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。文章主要介绍四位著名的记者。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中He is knwn t the wrld as the “Grandfather f Mdern Jurnalism”.可知他被誉为“现代新闻业的鼻祖”。由此可知，Jseph Pulitzer对现代新闻业的贡献最大。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Margaret Burke-White is knwn as the first female war jurnalist and a skilled pht-jurnalist.( Margaret Burke-White是第一位战地女记者，也是一位摄影记者)以及最后一段中Anna Quindlen's lve fr jurnalism gave her a kick-start frm her high schl where she wrked fr her high schl paper.(Anna Quindlen对新闻事业的热爱让她从高中为高中校报工作起步)。由此可知，文章提到了两位女记者。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Jurnalists are the prfessinals(专业人士) that are respnsible fr bringing all up-t-date infrmatin t readers frm every cmer f the wrld. By delivering their vice, many famus jurnalists have earned wrldwide fame.可知新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。结合文章主要介绍四位著名的记者。由此可推知，文章最有可能出现在报纸的“人物”版面。故选C。
B
Gerge Prchnik wuld like the wrld t put a sck in it. He makes his case in a new bk, listenning fr Meaning in a Wrld f Nise, Here he explains himself (using his indr vice):
“We’ve becme s accustmed t nise, there’s abut almst a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If yu tell smene t be quiet, yu sund like an ld man. But it’s never been mre imprtant t find cntinuing quiet. Silence fcuses us, imprves ur health, and is a key t lasting peace and satisfactin.”
“We need t excite peple abut the sunds yu start t hear if yu merely quiet things dwn a little. During a Japanese tea ceremny, the smallest sunds becmes a kind f art—the spns making a light ringing sund n a bwl, the edges f a kimn（和服）brushing against the flr.”
“Dear peple are very attetice（专注的）in almse every aspect f life. If tw deaf peple are walking tgether, using sign language, they cnstantly watch ut fr each ther and prtecet each ther by paying steady attentin t the ther. They are cnnected yet als fully aware f their surrundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing wrld can learn frm them. If we remve the pwerful blasts（一阵阵）f nise, we becme aware f an extrardinarily rich wrld arund us—f little sft sunds and the sund f ftsteps, f bird sngs and ice cracking（开裂声）. It’s astnishing hw beautiful things sund when yu can really listen. ”
4. What des the phrase “t put a sck in it” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. t be quietB. t be clrful
C. t be full f lveD. t be attentive t smene
5. What des Prehnik say abut us?
A. We are used t quietnesss
B. We have t put up with nise
C. We d nt think silence t be beneficial
D. We d nt believe lasting peace t be available
6. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t Prehnik?
A. We need mre sunds in ur lives
B. There is nthing t be learned frm the deaf
C. We are nt aware hw rich the wrld arund us is
D. There is t much nise at a Japanese tea ceremny
7. It can be inferered frm the text that ________.
A. we can benefit a lt frm ld peple
B. it is a gd idea t use sign language
C. there is n escape frm the wrld f sund
D. it is pssible t find hw beautiful things sund
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Gerge Prchnik在新书中呼吁世间的人们远离喧嚣，认真倾听我们身边世界的美妙声音。这对我们提升专注力、改善健康均大有裨益。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段段首句“We’ve becme s accustmed t nise, there’s abut almst a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial.(我们对身边的噪音如此习以为常，几乎在我们每个人的心中都有一个偏见，认为沉默可能是有益的这样的观点是荒谬的)”可知，作者认为世界上的人们应当学会沉默，保持内心平和，提高专注力。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We’ve becme s accustmed t nise, there’s abut almst a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If yu tell smene t be quiet, yu sund like an ld man. (我们对身边的噪音如此习以为常，几乎在我们每个人的心中都有一个偏见，认为沉默可能是有益的这样的观点是荒谬的。如果你让一个人安静点，他会认为你是个老头子)”可知，Prehnik认为我们并没有意识到沉默对我们的益处。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If we remve the pwerful blasts（一阵阵）f nise, we becme aware f an extrardinarily rich wrld arund us(如果我们去除一阵阵的噪音，认真倾听，我们就会感受到我们身边的世界是何等的丰富多彩)”可知，由于我们过于习惯喋喋不休地发言，无法倾听感知身边无比丰富的世界。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If we remve the pwerful blasts（一阵阵）f nise, we becme aware f an extrardinarily rich wrld arund us—f little sft sunds and the sund f ftsteps, f bird sngs and ice cracking（开裂声）. It’s astnishing hw beautiful things sund when yu can really listen. (如果我们去除一阵阵的噪音，认真倾听，我们就会感受到我们身边的世界是何等的丰富多彩，比如轻柔细密的声音、脚步声、鸟叫声还有寒冰开裂的声音。你会惊讶地发现你倾听感知到了如此美丽的世界)”可知，戒除噪音，认真倾听，我们可能会感受到周围世界美妙的声音。故选D项。
C
Almst every day we cme acrss situatins in which we have t make decisins ne way r anther. Chice, we are given t believe, is a right. But fr a gd many peple in the wrld, in rich and pr cuntries, chice is a luxury, smething wnderful but hard t get, nt a right. And fr thse wh think they are exercising their right t make chices, the whle system is merely an illusin, a false idea created by cmpanies and advertiser, hping t sell their prducts.
The endless chice gives birth t anxiety in peple’s lives. Buying smething as basic as a cffee pt is nt exactly simple. Easy access t a wide range f everyday gds leads t a sense f pwerlessness in many peple, ending in the shpper giving up and walking away, r just buying an unsuitable item that is nt really wanted. Recent studies in England have shwn that many electrical gds bught in almst every family are nt really needed. Mre difficult decisin-making is then either avided r trusted int the hands f the prfessinals, lifestyle instructrs, r advisrs.
It is nt just the availability f the gds that is the prblem, but the speed at which new types f prducts cme n the market. Advances in design and prductin help quicken the prcess. Prducts als need t have a shrt lifespan s that the public can be persuaded t replace them within a shrt time. The typical example is smart phnes, which are almst ut-f-date nce they are bught. This indeed makes selectin a prblem. Gne are the days when ne culd just walk with ease int a shp and buy ne thing; n chice, n anxiety.
8. What des the authr try t argue in Paragraph 1?
A. The exercise f rights is a luxury.
B. The practice f chice is difficult.
C. The right f chice is given but at a price.
D. Chice and right exist at the same time.
9. Why d mre chices f gds give rise t anxiety?
A. Prfessinals find it hard t decide n a suitable prduct.
B. Peple are likely t find themselves vercme by business persuasin.
C. Shppers may find themselves lst in the brad range f items.
D. Cmpanies and advertisers are ften misleading abut the rage f chice.
10. What des the authr want t prve by using smart phnes as an example?
A. Advanced prducts meet the needs f peple.
B. Prducts f the latest design fld the market.
C. Cmpetitins are fierce in high-tech industry.
D. Everyday gds need t be replaced ften.
11. What is this passage mainly abut?
A. The helplessness in purchasing decisins.
B. The variety f chices in mdern sciety.
C. The pinins n peple’s right in different cuntries.
D. The prblems abut the availability f everyday gds.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文，以选择作为切入点，论述了关于购买商品是很难做出选择，而且也不一定是对的，特别是针对电子产品。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段出现的转折“But fr a gd many peple in the wrld, in rich and pr cuntries, chice is a luxury, smething wnderful but hard t get, nt a right. ”（但是无论是在贫穷或者富有的国家，对于许多人来说，“决定”是一个很难获得的奢侈品，而不是一种权利）可知，作者的论点是做出选择很困难。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Easy access t a wide range f everyday gds leads t a sense f pwerlessness in many peple, ending in the shpper giving up and walking away, r just buying an unsuitable item that is nt really wanted. ”（轻易获得各种各样的日常用品导致许多人感到无力，最终导致购物者放弃并离开，或者只是买了一件不是真正想要的不合适的东西）可知，购物者容易在琳琅满目的商品前无助，并且容易做出错误的选择或者放弃。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据买智能手机的例子以及第三段第一句“It is nt just the availability f the gds that is the prblem, but the speed at which new types f prducts cme n the market. ”（问题不仅在于商品的可获得性，还在于新产品进入市场的速度）”推知，作者用买智能手机作为例子是为了证明论述了最新设计的产品大量涌入市场。故选B项。
【11题详解】
文章主旨题。通读文章后，可知文章主要讲现在人们有很多选择，但随之而来给人们带来了焦虑，接着对现象背后的原因进行探究，指出产品更新速度导致人们不得不替换原来的产品。所以本文主要谈论了人们的选择困难，即在选购商品时的无助。故选A项。
D
A University Cllege Lndn study lked at car use t cnclude that cities have t becme car-free t survive. Simply put, if we dn't reduce the number f cars in ur cities then they will just cmpletely clg up and stp mving.
The study ntes the number f cars is actually increasing faster than that f peple. In 2019, 80 millin cars were built while the ppulatin increased by 78 millin. And the mass prductin f thse cars was respnsible fr 4% f glbal carbn dixide (CO2) emissins (排放) ,which is bigger than aviatin (航空) and that's befre yu even fuel them up.
The study authrs cnstruct a mathematical mdel, and residents chse driving their car r taking public transprt n the basis f the time it takes t d the trip. “All individuals decide their cmmuting (通勤) mde trying t reduce their csts, but the result is the verall wrst-case situatin, where the average cmmuting time is lnger and all peple decide t use their car.” write the authrs f the study.
Besides, plicymakers tend t cnstruct even mre car infrastructure (基础设施) and invest even mre in private cars, which then encurages mre private vehicle use and results in even mre traffic jams.
Pssible slutins have t be actively encuraged, with mre travel ptins, plus lcal shps and services.
Als, increasing the csts culd be achieved by reducing the space devted t cars, with mre public transprt lanes, wider sidewalks, and pedestrian rads, fr example.
Dr. Humbert, ne authr f the study said: “If ur gal is t have mre liveable and develped cities then we must take part f this land and give it t ther mdes f transprtatin: walking, cycling and public transprt.
12. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrds “clg up”?
A. Turn dwn.B. Break dwn.
C. Make trubles.D. Get stuck.
13. What can we infer frm the numbers in Paragraph 2?
A. The number f cars is larger than ppulatin.
B. Car prductin creates mre CO2 than aviatin.
C. CO2 emissin is largely affected by car prductin.
D. Glbal CO2 emissin is mre serius than expected.
14. What result d study authrs get frm their mdel?
A. It is hard fr peple t keep a balance.
B. It takes mre time t drive cars t wrk.
C. Mre cars can be used t save time.
D. Driving cars can keep the cst dwn.
15. What can be a pssible way t reduce car use?
A. Building parking lts.B. Saving land fr cars.
C. Prducing less cars.D. Riding a bus t wrk.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述人们为了方便更倾向于选择开车出行，这样反而导致城市交通堵塞，出行成本增加。如果一个城市要长期可持续地发展就要改变目前的交通方式，更多地乘坐公共交通工具或步行、骑自行车出行。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“if we dn’t reduce the number f cars in ur cities then they will just cmpletely clg up and stp mving.（如果不减少车的数量的话城市里的车会越来越多，导致交通完全clg up，以致无法行进。）”可知，clg up和车数量多会造成交通拥堵相关。A. Turn dwn拒绝；B Break dwn.打破；C. Make trubles.制造麻烦；D. Get stuck.堵塞。Get stuck与 clg up“堵塞”同义，故选择D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“And the mass prductin f thse cars was respnsible fr 4% f glbal carbn dixide (CO2) emissins (排放) ,which is bigger than aviatin (航空) and that's befre yu even fuel them up.（那些汽车的大量生产所带来的CO₂排放就占了全球总排放的4%，这比航空业带来的排放量还多。那甚至还是在你给他们加油前。）”可知，汽车制造产生的CO₂排放比航空业带来的排放量还要多。故选择B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“All individuals decide their cmmuting (通勤) mde trying t reduce their csts, but the result is the verall wrst-case situatin, where the average cmmuting time is lnger and all peple decide t use their car.（所有人选择他们的通勤方式，试图减少他们的出行成本，但是结果是总体上最坏的情况，所有人都决定使用他们的汽车，平均通勤时间更长）”可知，作者从他们的模型得出：所有人都开车上班，通勤时间会更长，故选择B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If ur gal is t have mre livable and develped cities, then we must take part f this land and give it t ther mdes f transprtatin: walking, cycling and public transprt.（如果我们的目标是拥有更宜居和发达的城市，那么我们必须参与这片土地，并把它交给其他交通方式，步行、自行车和公共交通方式）”可知，选择公共交通方式会使城市更好发展。故选择D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Family cnflict affects everyne. ____16____, yu may want t mediate(调解) t make everyne's life easier. It's wrth it t try t smth things ver.
●____17____. It can be difficult t lk at family situatins bjectively， s befre trying t mediate disagreements, make sure yu lk at all sides f the argument. While yu shuldn't take sides when trying t mediate, yu dn't want anymre t think yu are verlking their pint f view. Take sme time t think abut why everyne feels wrnged r hurt in a situatin.
●Encurage everyne t cntrl their feelings. It's nt uncmmn fr tensins t run high when discussing family cnflict. ____18____. Try t cntrl the emtinal utbursts as much as yu can. While everyne has a right t their persnal feelings, make it clear these feelings must be expressed in an apprpriate, prductive way.
●Try hard fr frgiveness. Even if yu were nt directly invlved in the argument, yu are prbably affected by the atmsphere in sme way. Chse frgiveness. Remember, yu can't cntrl smene else's actins but yu can cntrl yur wn respnse. Yu can als encurage ther family members t frgive.____19____.
●Wrk n fixing the relatinships. ____20____, yu can ffer suggestins hw family members culd better treat ne anther in the future. Think abut what has been said during mediatin. Lk fr areas where change is needed. Yu shuld als agree t wrk actively n letting g f the cnflict. Fr example, "fr the next cuple f mnths, let's agree nt t bring this up."
A. Think abut everyne's view
B. Have a healthy discussin
C. There may be times when peple get sensitive and angry
D. If there’s an nging argument between family members
E. Althugh it's nt yur jb t ffer exact causes f actin
F. If a family member reacts very vilently t an unimprtant affair
G. Hwever, remember yu cannt frce smene t feel a particular way
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍四种调解家庭矛盾的方法，维护家庭和睦。
【16题详解】
从句子结构上分析可知，此处需填入一个从句，上文“Family cnflict affects everyne.”（家庭冲突影响到每个人。）中cnflict（冲突）与D项If there’s an nging argument between family members（如果家庭成员之间有持续的争吵）中的argument（争吵）意思上呼应。且与下文“ yu may want t mediate(调解) t make everyne's life easier.”（你可能想要调解，让每个人的生活更轻松。）意义一致，构成条件状语从句。故选D项。
【17题详解】
此处需填入段落小标题，根据下文“While yu shuldn't take sides when trying t mediate, yu dn't want anymre t think yu are verlking their pint f view. ”（当你试图调解时，你不应该偏袒任何一方，你不想让任何人觉得你忽视了他们的想法。）可知本段主要讲述在调解矛盾之前要客观公正地考虑到各方的观点，不偏不倚地调解家庭矛盾。因而A项Think abut everyne's view（考虑每个人的想法）适合作为本段的主旨句。故选A项。
【18题详解】
上文“It's nt uncmmn fr tensins t run high when discussing family cnflict. ”（在讨论家庭冲突时，紧张情绪高涨并不罕见）中的tensins（紧张）和下文“Try t cntrl the emtinal utbursts as much as yu can. ”（尽量控制情绪的爆发。）中的emtinal utbursts（情绪爆发）与C项There may be times when peple get sensitive and angry（有时人们会变得敏感和愤怒）中的sensitive and angry（敏感和愤怒）形成呼应关系。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Remember, yu can't cntrl smene else's actins but yu can cntrl yur wn respnse. Yu can als encurage ther family members t frgive.”（记住，你不能控制别人的行为，但是你可以控制自己的反应。你也可以鼓励其他家庭成员原谅他人。）中的can’t、can、but可知，设空处与上文形成转折关系，G项Hwever, remember yu cannt frce smene t feel a particular way（但是，请记住，你不能强迫某人以特定的方式感受）中Hwever表示转折，句意也符合语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
分析句子结构可知，此处需填入一个从句，下文“yu can ffer suggestins hw family members culd better treat ne anther in the future. ”（你可以提出建议，使家庭成员在将来可以更好地相互对待。）与E项Althugh it's nt yur jb t ffer exact causes f actin（虽然对某种行为给出确切的理由不是你的任务）构成连贯的语意关系。前后为转折关系。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After the natinal science cmpetitin, I was frustrated that I was nt allwed t enter it. I sat in the car, lst in____21____, chewing n my lip and staring utside.
I went upstairs,____22____and desperate. Grandpa's dr was pen fr me as usual. There, he was waiting fr my____23____with great excitement. I std silently, frcing a ____24____t cver my sadness. He seemed t____25____me immediately, giving me a____26____. I was astnished that such a ____27____bdy was full f s much energy.
Only then did my emtins start____28____ut. I tld him that all my____29____were fr nthing, and that I was feeling discuraged. Grandpa smiled at me _____30_____ and said, “Dn't wrry. Yu're far strnger than yu think.” Then he_____31_____, “Life can be full f ups and dwns s what we need t d is t still have ur hpes and_____32_____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it_____33_____t give up.”
He patted me n the shulder, with a determined lk, saying, “Cheer up. I'm firmly_____34_____that yu have the capability t succeed.” Grandpa's encuragement sn made my sadness _____35_____.
The next day, I thught abut all my prblems and_____36_____a plan. Nw, I believe that with a psitive attitude twards failure, I'll_____37_____reach my gals.
Lking back, I realize that we shuld share ur setbacks and prgress in life with ur_____38_____ nes. As my grandpa shwed, the_____39_____f ur family members will _____40_____us frever.
21. A. despairB. fearC. lveD. need
22. A. strngB. weakC. sweetD. simple
23. A. suggestinB. cmmentC. arrivalD. discvery
24. A. tearB. sighC. smileD. signal
25. A. ignreB. inspectC. rderD. read
26. A. prideB. hugC. challengeD. wish
27. A. fineB. fitC. healthyD. thin
28. A. dyingB. turningC. puringD. checking
29. A. effrtsB. ffersC. prmisesD. prfits
30. A. gentlyB. generallyC. suddenlyD. freshly
31. A. sharedB. addedC. helpedD. served
32. A. decisinsB. respectsC. painsD. desires
33. A. difficultB. easyC. pssibleD. necessary
34. A. suppsedB. cnvincedC. surprisedD. accustmed
35. A. ariseB. preventC. disappearD. cntinue
36. A. turned intB. came acrssC. wrked utD. cared abut
37. A. merelyB. actuallyC. instantlyD. eventually
38. A. belvedB. deservedC. determinedD. excited
39. A. stressB. gratitudeC. praiseD. supprt
40. A. benefitB. teachC. hldD. interest
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章内容是作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧时，他的爷爷鼓励他，以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，家人的支持也会给我们带来好处。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在车里，绝望地望着外面，咬着嘴唇。A. despair绝望；B. fear害怕；C. lve爱；D. need需要。根据上文“After the natinal science cmpetitin, I was frustrated that I was nt allwed t enter it. (在国家科学竞赛之后，我很沮丧，因为我没有被允许参加。)”可知，作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧，所以此时应该很“绝望”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虚弱而绝望地上楼去了。A. strng强壮的；B. weak虚弱的；C. sweet甜的；D. simple简单的。结合上文内容可知，作者因为没能入选比赛而心情沮丧，所以是“虚弱”而绝望地上楼。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在那里激动地等待着我的到来。 A. suggestin建议；B. cmment评论；C. arrival到达；D. discvery发现。结合语境可知，此处是指爷爷等着作者到家，告诉他事情的结果。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我默默地站着，强颜欢笑，掩饰自己的悲伤。A. tear眼泪；B. sigh叹气；C. smile微笑；D. signal信号。根据语境和cver my sadness (掩盖我的悲伤)”可知，应是挤出“微笑”掩盖悲伤，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎立刻明白了我的意思，给了我一个拥抱。 A. ignre忽视；B. inspect检查；C. rder命令；D. read阅读，看出。此处指爷爷。根据上文“I std silently, frcing a smile t cver my sadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，此处是指作者的强颜欢笑被爷爷看出来了。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. pride骄傲；B. hug拥抱；C. challenge挑战；D. wish期望。由下一句提到“瘦的身体”可知作者爷爷给了他一个拥抱，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，这么瘦的身体竟然充满了这么大的能量。 A. fine好的；B. fit合适的；C. healthy健康的；D. thin瘦的。结合常识可知，爷爷年龄大了，所以身体比较瘦。故选D。
28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时，我的情绪才开始倾泻出来。A. dying死；B. turning旋转；C. puring倾泻；D. checking核对。根据上文“I std silently, frcing a smile t cver my sadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，作者一开始掩饰自己的情绪，直到爷爷拥抱他时，他才把情感“流露”出来。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我所有的努力都白费了，我感到灰心丧气。 A. effrts努力；B. ffers提议；C. prmises许诺；D. prfits利润。根据“I was feeling discuraged”可知，作者为比赛付出的努力都白费了。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：爷爷温和地笑着对我说:“别担心。你比自己想象的要强大得多。” A. gently温柔地；B. generally一般地；C. suddenly突然地；D. freshly刚刚，接近。由语境可知，作者此时很难过，结合作者爷爷说的话和“笑着”可推知，应是“温柔地笑着说”，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。” A. shared分享；B. added增加，补充（说）；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。结合语境可知“Life can be full f ups and dwns s what we need d is t still have ur hpes and____12____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy t give up.”这些话是爷爷补充说的内容。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. decisins 决定；B. respects尊重；C. pains疼痛；D. desires渴望。根据“hpes and”可知，此处用“渴望”符合语境，指我们任何时候都要抱有希望和渴望。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. pssible可能的； D. necessary必要的。由上一句提到“我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望”，那么，“容易”让我们放弃对焦虑应当忽略，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. suppsed猜想；B. cnvinced相信；C. surprised惊讶；D. accustmed习惯于。根据下文“Grandpa’s encuragement sn made my sadness disappear.(爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。)”可知，爷爷的话给了作者鼓励，由此可知，爷爷说自己“相信”作者有成功的能力。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。A. arise出现，引起；B. prevent防止；C.disappear消失；D. cntinue继续。由下一段内容提到“我开始做计划”和“我相信积极的态度会让我达到目标”可知，作者开始意识到积极的重要性，所以作者爷爷的鼓励让他的悲伤“消失”了，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我思考了所有的问题并制定了一个计划。A. turned int使变成；B. came acrss偶遇；C. wrked ut制定，解决，锻炼；D. cared abut关心。根据“plan”可知，是制定计划。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我相信，以积极的态度对待失败，我最终会达到我的目标。A. merely仅仅；B. actually事实上；C. instantly立刻；D. eventually最后。根据上文“Nw, I believe that with a psitive attitude twards failure”可知，只要用积极的态度面对失败，最后能实现自己的目标。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。A. belved心爱的；B. deserved值得的；C. determined坚决的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文作者和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知，此处是指要和自己所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A. stress压力；B. gratitude 感激；C.praise赞扬；D. supprt 支持。根据上文““ Cheer up. I firmly ___11___ that yu have the ability t succeed.” Grandpa’s encuragement sn made my sadness disappear.”可知，爷爷对作者非常持支持，由此可知，此处是指家人的支持会对我们有益。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A. benefit使……受益；B. teach教；C. hld拿，举办；D. interest对……感兴趣。根据上文内容可知，作者在爷爷的鼓励和支持下走出沮丧，所以此处应表达，家人的“支持”会使我们收益，故选A。
第二节(共10小题：每小題1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Hw are yu?” It’s a questin that seems simple, but it can actually make peple feel very strange.
Last mnth, Alina Simne ____41____(write) in The New Yrk Times abut the difficulty that Russians have with this questin. This same questin, in Russian language and culture, is always answered ____42____a negative manner. In Russia, when peple are asked “Hw are yu?”, they usually cmplain abut health, weather r things ____43____have happened recently. S when they’re asked “Hw are yu?” in English, they dn’t knw what t d.
In English-speaking ____44____(cuntry), “Hw are yu?” has ne standard answer: “Fine, and yu?” That’s because “Hw are yu?” is nt actually abut getting infrmatin—it’s a greeting. If a native English-speaking friend really wants t knw ____45____is ging n in yur life, he r she is mre likely ____46____(ask): “What have yu been up t?” r “What’s new?”
But I understand why peple are s ____47____(cnfuse). When we learn secnd languages, we have t learn rules fr using wrds as much as wrds ____48____(them). Hw can yu learn thse rules? ____49____(watch) English-language TV shws is a gd place t start. If yu can, try t make a native English-speaking friend and talk t him r her _____50_____(direct).
【答案】41. wrte
42. in 43. which/that
44. cuntries
45 what 46. t ask
47. cnfused
48. themselves
49. Watching
50. directly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“Hw are yu?”这个问题看起来很简单，但实际上却让人感觉很奇怪。这个问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答；在说英语的国家，这只是一种问候方式，而非开启沟通的“开头语”，这就需要学习语言时与实境相结合，看英文电视节目，交一个以英语为母语的朋友都是很好的方式。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：上个月，爱丽娜·西蒙妮在《纽约时报》上撰文谈到了俄罗斯人在这个问题上遇到的困难。所填空应是句子谓语动词，结合时间状语“Last mnth”可知，应用一般过去时。故填wrte。
【42题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：同样的问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答。“in a/an+形容词+manner”，固定短语，“用……的方式”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。“____3____ have happened recently”为之前名词“things”的定语从句，先行词指物，从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。空前“English-speaking”为形容词，所填空应是名词，“cuntry”意为“国家”，可数名词，应用复数形式泛指多个国家。故填cuntries。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“___5____ is ging n in yur life”为之前动词“knw”的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代物或事情，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
【46题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“be (mre) likely t d sth”，固定短语，“（更）有可能做某事”。故填t ask。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但我理解为什么人们如此困惑。空前有系动词“are”，所填空应是形容词作表语，结合从句主语为“peple”，指人，应用-ed形式的形容词。故填cnfused。
【48题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：当我们学习第二语言时，我们不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则。结合句子“When we learn secnd languages, we have t learn rules fr using wrds as much as wrds ____8____ (them)”含义可知，此句强调当学习第二语言时，不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则，因此所填空应是反身代词，根据空前“wrds”可知，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
【49题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：看英文电视节目是一个很好的起点。“____9____ (watch) English-language TV shws”为句子主语，应用动名词作主语。故填Watching。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果可以的话，试着交一个以英语为母语的朋友，直接和他或她交谈。副词作状语修饰动词短语“talk t”。故填directly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I am frm Wiscnsin, and when we met smene fr the first time, we usually shake hands with. Well, I had big surprise in Belgium. When I was intrduced t my friend’s brther, smething happened, that made me felt uncmfrtable. I said “Hi” t him, extended my hand and he came up t me and kissed me n the cheek, nt nce, and three times, ging frm ne cheek t the ther! Of curse, I went red and they started t laugh at me. In Belgium, that is cmmn t greet smene by kissing three times. Hw vast different greeting traditin are acrss the wrld!
【答案】1. met→meet 2. 去掉with 3. big前加a 4. that→which 5. felt→feel
6. extended→extending 7. and→but 8. that→it 9. vast→vastly 10. traditin→traditins
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在比利时向对方问好时遭遇的尴尬的事。
【51题详解】
考查时态。句意：我来自威斯康辛州，当我们第一次见到某人时，我们通常会握手。根据句意，此处表示一般的常态，应用一般现在时，故将met改为meet。
【52题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我来自威斯康辛州，当我们第一次见到某人时，我们通常会握手。shake hands with sb表示“与某人握手”，此处with后无名词，不需要用with连接，故去掉with。
53题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我在比利时有个很惊讶的事情。此处表示泛指“一件惊讶的事情”，应用冠词a，故在big前加a。
【54题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当我被介绍给我朋友的哥哥时，发生了一些事情，这让我感到不舒服。本句是非限制性定语从句，从句修饰前面整句话，非限制性定语从句关系词不能用that，此处指事情，应用which，故将that改为which。
【55题详解】
考查动词原形。句意：当我被介绍给我朋友的哥哥时，发生了一些事情，这让我感到不舒服。根据搭配make sb d sth，此处动词应用原形形式，故将felt改为feel。
【56题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：我向他打招呼，伸出手，但他走到我跟前，吻了我的脸颊，不是一次，而是三次，从一个脸颊到另一个! 分析句子结构，后半句无主语且前后句无连词，此处extend是非谓语动词，extend和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，故将extended改为extending。
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：我向他打招呼，伸出手，但他走到我跟前，吻了我的脸颊，不是一次，而是三次，从一个脸颊到另一个! 根据句意，上文说我伸出手，后文说他吻了我脸颊，前后句是转折关系，应用连词but，故将and改为but。
【58题详解】
考查代词。句意：在比利时，亲吻三次来问候某人是很常见的。此处真正的主语是 t greet smene by kissing three times，需要用代词it做形式主语，故将that改为it。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：世界各地的问候传统有多么大的不同啊! 此处应用副词，修饰形容词different，表示“极其地不同”，故将vast改为vastly。
【60题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：世界各地的问候传统有多么大的不同啊! 根据后文的are，此处保持主谓一致，故名词traditin应用复数形式，故将traditin改为traditins。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华。英语课上，老师要求分组讨论“保护野生动物”的话题。请你写一篇小组发言稿，向全班汇报，内容包括：
1.必要性；
2.措施；
3.呼吁。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear classmates,
I’m glad t reprt ur grup's pinins abut the tpic "Wild Animal Prtectin". Firstly, there's n dubt that wild animals shuld be prtected strictly. They belng t part f nature and are f great imprtance t eclgical balance. Hwever, at the present time, sme f them are facing the danger f dying ut. Then, hw can we prtect them? Sme laws must be passed as sn as pssible t stp peple killing and selling them. Besides, peple shuld nt be allwed t eat wildlife.
Let's appreciate the imprtance f their prtectin and remember the serius lessn that humans have experienced Prtecting them means prtecting urselves.
Thank yu.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“保护野生动物”话题，写一篇小组发言稿。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.必要性；
2.措施；
3.呼吁。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
reprt; there is n dubt that; strictly; be f great imprtance; eclgical balance; at the present time; die ut; as sn as pssible; be allwed t; appreciate; prtectin; mean
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m glad t reprt ur grup's pinins abut the tpic "Wild Animal Prtectin".
2. Firstly, there's n dubt that wild animals shuld be prtected strictly.
3. They belng t part f nature and are f great imprtance t eclgical balance.
4. Hwever, at the present time, sme f them are facing the danger f dying ut.
5. Sme laws must be passed as sn as pssible t stp peple killing and selling them.
6. Besides, peple shuld nt be allwed t eat wildlife.
7. Let's appreciate the imprtance f their prtectin and remember the serius lessn that humans have experienced.
8. Prtecting them means prtecting urselves.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly
2.表并列补充关系：Besides
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, there's n dubt that wild animals shuld be prtected strictly. (运用了there is n dubt that句型)
[高分句型2] Prtecting them means prtecting urselves. (运用了动名词作主语)
听力答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C
13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。
1. What is the mst expensive thing that the wman rders?
A. Her drink. B. Her bread. C. Her vegetable.
2. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T cancel a weekend trip. B. T make an appintment. C. T get sme infrmatin.
3. What des the man prbably want t d?
A. D sme exercise. B. Get an extra key. C. Order rm service.
4. What will the speakers d next?
A. Check the map. B. Leave the restaurant. C. Park the car.
5. What did the speakers d last week?
A. They had a celebratin dinner.
B. They went t see a newbrn baby.
C. They sent a mail t their neighbrs.
第二节(共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段长对话，回答第6、7题。
6. When will the wman be able t sit at a table?
A. At 7:30. B. At 7:45. C. At 8:00.
7. Where will the wman g next?
A. T a cncert hall. B. T McDnald’s. C. T her hme.
听第7段长对话，回答第8至9题。
8. Why des the wman cme t the man?
A. T ask fr permissin. B. T extend an invitatin. C. T express thanks.
9. When are the students ging t the museum?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听第8段长对话，回答第10至12题。
10. What was the first piece f bad news Jhn tld Mary?
A. Tim had caught a bad cld.
B. He played badly in a match.
C. Their class had lst a basketball match.
11. What d yu knw abut Tim frm the dialgue?
A. He is ften ill. B. He is very gd at basketball. C. He is the team leader.
12. What des Miss Green d?
A. She is a student. B. She is a husewife. C. She teaches histry.
听第9段长对话，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Player and fan. B. Patient and dctr. C. Custmer and manager.
14. Why is the man cmplaining?
A. The rm is nisy. B. It is an unfair match. C. The htel is t far.
15. What can we knw frm the cnversatin?
A. The man nly stays here fr ne night.
B. The match attracts many yung peple.
C. The wman desn’t take actin t slve it.
16. Hw des the man feel at last?
A. Satisfied. B. Unhappy. C. Wrried.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。
17. What d children spend a lt f time ding nw?
A. Using sme electrnic equipment.
B. Playing sme cmputer games.
C. Watching sme YuTube vides.
18. What d children lack in their hands?
A. Bnes. B. Skills. C. Strength.
19. What may be influenced by the prblem?
A. Sme students will nt use pencils any mre.
B. The handwriting f sme students will get wrse.
C. The pencil and pen factries will suffer a great lss.
20. What was better fr children’s develpment?
A. Climbing trees. B. Visiting museums. C. Having a gd family life.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Jurnalists are the prfessinals(专业人士) that are respnsible fr bringing all up-t-date infrmatin t readers frm every cmer f the wrld. By delivering their vice, many famus jurnalists have earned wrldwide fame.
Jseph Pulitzer
Accrding t Jseph Pulitzer, if a natin can be seen as a large ship at sea, the jurnalists are its watchkeepers wh reprt hidden dangers t make sure the safe jurney f the ship.He wrked fr the St.Luis Pst-Dispatch and The Wrld. He is knwn t the wrld as the “Grandfather f Mdern Jurnalism”.
Margaret Burke White
Margaret Burke-White is knwn as the first female war jurnalist and a skilled pht-jurnalist. She did sme utstanding wrk by creating a phtgraphic recrd f Wrld War and the Great Depressin.She was the nly pht-jurnalist wh was permitted t wrk in cmbat zne by the US army t reprt the war.
Carl Bernstein
Carl Bernstein is ne f the mst famus American investigative jurnalist, and he has prved the saying,“The pen is mre pwerful than swrd”. Carl wrked with anther great jurnalist Bb Wdward at The Washingtn Pst.They brught abut a revlutin in the US by wrking tgether n the Watergate scandal(丑闻),which led t President Richard Nixn's resignatin.This let The Washingtn Pst receive a Pulitzer Prize fr Public Service in1973.
Anna Quindlen
Anna Quindlen's lve fr jurnalism gave her a kick-start frm her high schl where she wrked fr her high schl paper. Later, she went n t write interesting and in demand clumns(专栏)like“Hers”,”Public and Private”and many mre fr The New Yrk Times,which wn her the Pulitzer Prize in 1992.This is the reasn why she is knwn as the“Vice f the Baby Bmers”.
1. Wh has cntributed mst t mdern jurnalism?
A. Jseph Pulitzer.B. Margaret Burke-White.
C. Carl Bernstein.D. Anna Quindlen.
2. Hw many female jurnalists des the text mentin in all?
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.D. Fur.
3. In which sectin f a newspaper may this passage appear?
A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Figure.D. Service.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。文章主要介绍四位著名的记者。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中He is knwn t the wrld as the “Grandfather f Mdern Jurnalism”.可知他被誉为“现代新闻业的鼻祖”。由此可知，Jseph Pulitzer对现代新闻业的贡献最大。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Margaret Burke-White is knwn as the first female war jurnalist and a skilled pht-jurnalist.( Margaret Burke-White是第一位战地女记者，也是一位摄影记者)以及最后一段中Anna Quindlen's lve fr jurnalism gave her a kick-start frm her high schl where she wrked fr her high schl paper.(Anna Quindlen对新闻事业的热爱让她从高中为高中校报工作起步)。由此可知，文章提到了两位女记者。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Jurnalists are the prfessinals(专业人士) that are respnsible fr bringing all up-t-date infrmatin t readers frm every cmer f the wrld. By delivering their vice, many famus jurnalists have earned wrldwide fame.可知新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。结合文章主要介绍四位著名的记者。由此可推知，文章最有可能出现在报纸的“人物”版面。故选C。
B
Gerge Prchnik wuld like the wrld t put a sck in it. He makes his case in a new bk, listenning fr Meaning in a Wrld f Nise, Here he explains himself (using his indr vice):
“We’ve becme s accustmed t nise, there’s abut almst a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If yu tell smene t be quiet, yu sund like an ld man. But it’s never been mre imprtant t find cntinuing quiet. Silence fcuses us, imprves ur health, and is a key t lasting peace and satisfactin.”
“We need t excite peple abut the sunds yu start t hear if yu merely quiet things dwn a little. During a Japanese tea ceremny, the smallest sunds becmes a kind f art—the spns making a light ringing sund n a bwl, the edges f a kimn（和服）brushing against the flr.”
“Dear peple are very attetice（专注的）in almse every aspect f life. If tw deaf peple are walking tgether, using sign language, they cnstantly watch ut fr each ther and prtecet each ther by paying steady attentin t the ther. They are cnnected yet als fully aware f their surrundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing wrld can learn frm them. If we remve the pwerful blasts（一阵阵）f nise, we becme aware f an extrardinarily rich wrld arund us—f little sft sunds and the sund f ftsteps, f bird sngs and ice cracking（开裂声）. It’s astnishing hw beautiful things sund when yu can really listen. ”
4. What des the phrase “t put a sck in it” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. t be quietB. t be clrful
C. t be full f lveD. t be attentive t smene
5. What des Prehnik say abut us?
A. We are used t quietnesss
B. We have t put up with nise
C. We d nt think silence t be beneficial
D. We d nt believe lasting peace t be available
6. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t Prehnik?
A. We need mre sunds in ur lives
B. There is nthing t be learned frm the deaf
C. We are nt aware hw rich the wrld arund us is
D. There is t much nise at a Japanese tea ceremny
7. It can be inferered frm the text that ________.
A. we can benefit a lt frm ld peple
B. it is a gd idea t use sign language
C. there is n escape frm the wrld f sund
D. it is pssible t find hw beautiful things sund
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Gerge Prchnik在新书中呼吁世间的人们远离喧嚣，认真倾听我们身边世界的美妙声音。这对我们提升专注力、改善健康均大有裨益。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段段首句“We’ve becme s accustmed t nise, there’s abut almst a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial.(我们对身边的噪音如此习以为常，几乎在我们每个人的心中都有一个偏见，认为沉默可能是有益的这样的观点是荒谬的)”可知，作者认为世界上的人们应当学会沉默，保持内心平和，提高专注力。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We’ve becme s accustmed t nise, there’s abut almst a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If yu tell smene t be quiet, yu sund like an ld man. (我们对身边的噪音如此习以为常，几乎在我们每个人的心中都有一个偏见，认为沉默可能是有益的这样的观点是荒谬的。如果你让一个人安静点，他会认为你是个老头子)”可知，Prehnik认为我们并没有意识到沉默对我们的益处。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If we remve the pwerful blasts（一阵阵）f nise, we becme aware f an extrardinarily rich wrld arund us(如果我们去除一阵阵的噪音，认真倾听，我们就会感受到我们身边的世界是何等的丰富多彩)”可知，由于我们过于习惯喋喋不休地发言，无法倾听感知身边无比丰富的世界。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If we remve the pwerful blasts（一阵阵）f nise, we becme aware f an extrardinarily rich wrld arund us—f little sft sunds and the sund f ftsteps, f bird sngs and ice cracking（开裂声）. It’s astnishing hw beautiful things sund when yu can really listen. (如果我们去除一阵阵的噪音，认真倾听，我们就会感受到我们身边的世界是何等的丰富多彩，比如轻柔细密的声音、脚步声、鸟叫声还有寒冰开裂的声音。你会惊讶地发现你倾听感知到了如此美丽的世界)”可知，戒除噪音，认真倾听，我们可能会感受到周围世界美妙的声音。故选D项。
C
Almst every day we cme acrss situatins in which we have t make decisins ne way r anther. Chice, we are given t believe, is a right. But fr a gd many peple in the wrld, in rich and pr cuntries, chice is a luxury, smething wnderful but hard t get, nt a right. And fr thse wh think they are exercising their right t make chices, the whle system is merely an illusin, a false idea created by cmpanies and advertiser, hping t sell their prducts.
The endless chice gives birth t anxiety in peple’s lives. Buying smething as basic as a cffee pt is nt exactly simple. Easy access t a wide range f everyday gds leads t a sense f pwerlessness in many peple, ending in the shpper giving up and walking away, r just buying an unsuitable item that is nt really wanted. Recent studies in England have shwn that many electrical gds bught in almst every family are nt really needed. Mre difficult decisin-making is then either avided r trusted int the hands f the prfessinals, lifestyle instructrs, r advisrs.
It is nt just the availability f the gds that is the prblem, but the speed at which new types f prducts cme n the market. Advances in design and prductin help quicken the prcess. Prducts als need t have a shrt lifespan s that the public can be persuaded t replace them within a shrt time. The typical example is smart phnes, which are almst ut-f-date nce they are bught. This indeed makes selectin a prblem. Gne are the days when ne culd just walk with ease int a shp and buy ne thing; n chice, n anxiety.
8. What des the authr try t argue in Paragraph 1?
A. The exercise f rights is a luxury.
B. The practice f chice is difficult.
C. The right f chice is given but at a price.
D. Chice and right exist at the same time.
9. Why d mre chices f gds give rise t anxiety?
A. Prfessinals find it hard t decide n a suitable prduct.
B. Peple are likely t find themselves vercme by business persuasin.
C. Shppers may find themselves lst in the brad range f items.
D. Cmpanies and advertisers are ften misleading abut the rage f chice.
10. What des the authr want t prve by using smart phnes as an example?
A. Advanced prducts meet the needs f peple.
B. Prducts f the latest design fld the market.
C. Cmpetitins are fierce in high-tech industry.
D. Everyday gds need t be replaced ften.
11. What is this passage mainly abut?
A. The helplessness in purchasing decisins.
B. The variety f chices in mdern sciety.
C. The pinins n peple’s right in different cuntries.
D. The prblems abut the availability f everyday gds.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文，以选择作为切入点，论述了关于购买商品是很难做出选择，而且也不一定是对的，特别是针对电子产品。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段出现的转折“But fr a gd many peple in the wrld, in rich and pr cuntries, chice is a luxury, smething wnderful but hard t get, nt a right. ”（但是无论是在贫穷或者富有的国家，对于许多人来说，“决定”是一个很难获得的奢侈品，而不是一种权利）可知，作者的论点是做出选择很困难。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Easy access t a wide range f everyday gds leads t a sense f pwerlessness in many peple, ending in the shpper giving up and walking away, r just buying an unsuitable item that is nt really wanted. ”（轻易获得各种各样的日常用品导致许多人感到无力，最终导致购物者放弃并离开，或者只是买了一件不是真正想要的不合适的东西）可知，购物者容易在琳琅满目的商品前无助，并且容易做出错误的选择或者放弃。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据买智能手机的例子以及第三段第一句“It is nt just the availability f the gds that is the prblem, but the speed at which new types f prducts cme n the market. ”（问题不仅在于商品的可获得性，还在于新产品进入市场的速度）”推知，作者用买智能手机作为例子是为了证明论述了最新设计的产品大量涌入市场。故选B项。
【11题详解】
文章主旨题。通读文章后，可知文章主要讲现在人们有很多选择，但随之而来给人们带来了焦虑，接着对现象背后的原因进行探究，指出产品更新速度导致人们不得不替换原来的产品。所以本文主要谈论了人们的选择困难，即在选购商品时的无助。故选A项。
D
A University Cllege Lndn study lked at car use t cnclude that cities have t becme car-free t survive. Simply put, if we dn't reduce the number f cars in ur cities then they will just cmpletely clg up and stp mving.
The study ntes the number f cars is actually increasing faster than that f peple. In 2019, 80 millin cars were built while the ppulatin increased by 78 millin. And the mass prductin f thse cars was respnsible fr 4% f glbal carbn dixide (CO2) emissins (排放) ,which is bigger than aviatin (航空) and that's befre yu even fuel them up.
The study authrs cnstruct a mathematical mdel, and residents chse driving their car r taking public transprt n the basis f the time it takes t d the trip. “All individuals decide their cmmuting (通勤) mde trying t reduce their csts, but the result is the verall wrst-case situatin, where the average cmmuting time is lnger and all peple decide t use their car.” write the authrs f the study.
Besides, plicymakers tend t cnstruct even mre car infrastructure (基础设施) and invest even mre in private cars, which then encurages mre private vehicle use and results in even mre traffic jams.
Pssible slutins have t be actively encuraged, with mre travel ptins, plus lcal shps and services.
Als, increasing the csts culd be achieved by reducing the space devted t cars, with mre public transprt lanes, wider sidewalks, and pedestrian rads, fr example.
Dr. Humbert, ne authr f the study said: “If ur gal is t have mre liveable and develped cities then we must take part f this land and give it t ther mdes f transprtatin: walking, cycling and public transprt.
12. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrds “clg up”?
A. Turn dwn.B. Break dwn.
C. Make trubles.D. Get stuck.
13. What can we infer frm the numbers in Paragraph 2?
A. The number f cars is larger than ppulatin.
B. Car prductin creates mre CO2 than aviatin.
C. CO2 emissin is largely affected by car prductin.
D. Glbal CO2 emissin is mre serius than expected.
14. What result d study authrs get frm their mdel?
A. It is hard fr peple t keep a balance.
B. It takes mre time t drive cars t wrk.
C. Mre cars can be used t save time.
D. Driving cars can keep the cst dwn.
15. What can be a pssible way t reduce car use?
A. Building parking lts.B. Saving land fr cars.
C. Prducing less cars.D. Riding a bus t wrk.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述人们为了方便更倾向于选择开车出行，这样反而导致城市交通堵塞，出行成本增加。如果一个城市要长期可持续地发展就要改变目前的交通方式，更多地乘坐公共交通工具或步行、骑自行车出行。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“if we dn’t reduce the number f cars in ur cities then they will just cmpletely clg up and stp mving.（如果不减少车的数量的话城市里的车会越来越多，导致交通完全clg up，以致无法行进。）”可知，clg up和车数量多会造成交通拥堵相关。A. Turn dwn拒绝；B Break dwn.打破；C. Make trubles.制造麻烦；D. Get stuck.堵塞。Get stuck与 clg up“堵塞”同义，故选择D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“And the mass prductin f thse cars was respnsible fr 4% f glbal carbn dixide (CO2) emissins (排放) ,which is bigger than aviatin (航空) and that's befre yu even fuel them up.（那些汽车的大量生产所带来的CO₂排放就占了全球总排放的4%，这比航空业带来的排放量还多。那甚至还是在你给他们加油前。）”可知，汽车制造产生的CO₂排放比航空业带来的排放量还要多。故选择B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“All individuals decide their cmmuting (通勤) mde trying t reduce their csts, but the result is the verall wrst-case situatin, where the average cmmuting time is lnger and all peple decide t use their car.（所有人选择他们的通勤方式，试图减少他们的出行成本，但是结果是总体上最坏的情况，所有人都决定使用他们的汽车，平均通勤时间更长）”可知，作者从他们的模型得出：所有人都开车上班，通勤时间会更长，故选择B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If ur gal is t have mre livable and develped cities, then we must take part f this land and give it t ther mdes f transprtatin: walking, cycling and public transprt.（如果我们的目标是拥有更宜居和发达的城市，那么我们必须参与这片土地，并把它交给其他交通方式，步行、自行车和公共交通方式）”可知，选择公共交通方式会使城市更好发展。故选择D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Family cnflict affects everyne. ____16____, yu may want t mediate(调解) t make everyne's life easier. It's wrth it t try t smth things ver.
●____17____. It can be difficult t lk at family situatins bjectively， s befre trying t mediate disagreements, make sure yu lk at all sides f the argument. While yu shuldn't take sides when trying t mediate, yu dn't want anymre t think yu are verlking their pint f view. Take sme time t think abut why everyne feels wrnged r hurt in a situatin.
●Encurage everyne t cntrl their feelings. It's nt uncmmn fr tensins t run high when discussing family cnflict. ____18____. Try t cntrl the emtinal utbursts as much as yu can. While everyne has a right t their persnal feelings, make it clear these feelings must be expressed in an apprpriate, prductive way.
●Try hard fr frgiveness. Even if yu were nt directly invlved in the argument, yu are prbably affected by the atmsphere in sme way. Chse frgiveness. Remember, yu can't cntrl smene else's actins but yu can cntrl yur wn respnse. Yu can als encurage ther family members t frgive.____19____.
●Wrk n fixing the relatinships. ____20____, yu can ffer suggestins hw family members culd better treat ne anther in the future. Think abut what has been said during mediatin. Lk fr areas where change is needed. Yu shuld als agree t wrk actively n letting g f the cnflict. Fr example, "fr the next cuple f mnths, let's agree nt t bring this up."
A. Think abut everyne's view
B. Have a healthy discussin
C. There may be times when peple get sensitive and angry
D. If there’s an nging argument between family members
E. Althugh it's nt yur jb t ffer exact causes f actin
F. If a family member reacts very vilently t an unimprtant affair
G. Hwever, remember yu cannt frce smene t feel a particular way
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍四种调解家庭矛盾的方法，维护家庭和睦。
【16题详解】
从句子结构上分析可知，此处需填入一个从句，上文“Family cnflict affects everyne.”（家庭冲突影响到每个人。）中cnflict（冲突）与D项If there’s an nging argument between family members（如果家庭成员之间有持续的争吵）中的argument（争吵）意思上呼应。且与下文“ yu may want t mediate(调解) t make everyne's life easier.”（你可能想要调解，让每个人的生活更轻松。）意义一致，构成条件状语从句。故选D项。
【17题详解】
此处需填入段落小标题，根据下文“While yu shuldn't take sides when trying t mediate, yu dn't want anymre t think yu are verlking their pint f view. ”（当你试图调解时，你不应该偏袒任何一方，你不想让任何人觉得你忽视了他们的想法。）可知本段主要讲述在调解矛盾之前要客观公正地考虑到各方的观点，不偏不倚地调解家庭矛盾。因而A项Think abut everyne's view（考虑每个人的想法）适合作为本段的主旨句。故选A项。
【18题详解】
上文“It's nt uncmmn fr tensins t run high when discussing family cnflict. ”（在讨论家庭冲突时，紧张情绪高涨并不罕见）中的tensins（紧张）和下文“Try t cntrl the emtinal utbursts as much as yu can. ”（尽量控制情绪的爆发。）中的emtinal utbursts（情绪爆发）与C项There may be times when peple get sensitive and angry（有时人们会变得敏感和愤怒）中的sensitive and angry（敏感和愤怒）形成呼应关系。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Remember, yu can't cntrl smene else's actins but yu can cntrl yur wn respnse. Yu can als encurage ther family members t frgive.”（记住，你不能控制别人的行为，但是你可以控制自己的反应。你也可以鼓励其他家庭成员原谅他人。）中的can’t、can、but可知，设空处与上文形成转折关系，G项Hwever, remember yu cannt frce smene t feel a particular way（但是，请记住，你不能强迫某人以特定的方式感受）中Hwever表示转折，句意也符合语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
分析句子结构可知，此处需填入一个从句，下文“yu can ffer suggestins hw family members culd better treat ne anther in the future. ”（你可以提出建议，使家庭成员在将来可以更好地相互对待。）与E项Althugh it's nt yur jb t ffer exact causes f actin（虽然对某种行为给出确切的理由不是你的任务）构成连贯的语意关系。前后为转折关系。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After the natinal science cmpetitin, I was frustrated that I was nt allwed t enter it. I sat in the car, lst in____21____, chewing n my lip and staring utside.
I went upstairs,____22____and desperate. Grandpa's dr was pen fr me as usual. There, he was waiting fr my____23____with great excitement. I std silently, frcing a ____24____t cver my sadness. He seemed t____25____me immediately, giving me a____26____. I was astnished that such a ____27____bdy was full f s much energy.
Only then did my emtins start____28____ut. I tld him that all my____29____were fr nthing, and that I was feeling discuraged. Grandpa smiled at me _____30_____ and said, “Dn't wrry. Yu're far strnger than yu think.” Then he_____31_____, “Life can be full f ups and dwns s what we need t d is t still have ur hpes and_____32_____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it_____33_____t give up.”
He patted me n the shulder, with a determined lk, saying, “Cheer up. I'm firmly_____34_____that yu have the capability t succeed.” Grandpa's encuragement sn made my sadness _____35_____.
The next day, I thught abut all my prblems and_____36_____a plan. Nw, I believe that with a psitive attitude twards failure, I'll_____37_____reach my gals.
Lking back, I realize that we shuld share ur setbacks and prgress in life with ur_____38_____ nes. As my grandpa shwed, the_____39_____f ur family members will _____40_____us frever.
21. A. despairB. fearC. lveD. need
22. A. strngB. weakC. sweetD. simple
23. A. suggestinB. cmmentC. arrivalD. discvery
24. A. tearB. sighC. smileD. signal
25. A. ignreB. inspectC. rderD. read
26. A. prideB. hugC. challengeD. wish
27. A. fineB. fitC. healthyD. thin
28. A. dyingB. turningC. puringD. checking
29. A. effrtsB. ffersC. prmisesD. prfits
30. A. gentlyB. generallyC. suddenlyD. freshly
31. A. sharedB. addedC. helpedD. served
32. A. decisinsB. respectsC. painsD. desires
33. A. difficultB. easyC. pssibleD. necessary
34. A. suppsedB. cnvincedC. surprisedD. accustmed
35. A. ariseB. preventC. disappearD. cntinue
36. A. turned intB. came acrssC. wrked utD. cared abut
37. A. merelyB. actuallyC. instantlyD. eventually
38. A. belvedB. deservedC. determinedD. excited
39. A. stressB. gratitudeC. praiseD. supprt
40. A. benefitB. teachC. hldD. interest
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章内容是作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧时，他的爷爷鼓励他，以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，家人的支持也会给我们带来好处。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在车里，绝望地望着外面，咬着嘴唇。A. despair绝望；B. fear害怕；C. lve爱；D. need需要。根据上文“After the natinal science cmpetitin, I was frustrated that I was nt allwed t enter it. (在国家科学竞赛之后，我很沮丧，因为我没有被允许参加。)”可知，作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧，所以此时应该很“绝望”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虚弱而绝望地上楼去了。A. strng强壮的；B. weak虚弱的；C. sweet甜的；D. simple简单的。结合上文内容可知，作者因为没能入选比赛而心情沮丧，所以是“虚弱”而绝望地上楼。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在那里激动地等待着我的到来。 A. suggestin建议；B. cmment评论；C. arrival到达；D. discvery发现。结合语境可知，此处是指爷爷等着作者到家，告诉他事情的结果。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我默默地站着，强颜欢笑，掩饰自己的悲伤。A. tear眼泪；B. sigh叹气；C. smile微笑；D. signal信号。根据语境和cver my sadness (掩盖我的悲伤)”可知，应是挤出“微笑”掩盖悲伤，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎立刻明白了我的意思，给了我一个拥抱。 A. ignre忽视；B. inspect检查；C. rder命令；D. read阅读，看出。此处指爷爷。根据上文“I std silently, frcing a smile t cver my sadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，此处是指作者的强颜欢笑被爷爷看出来了。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. pride骄傲；B. hug拥抱；C. challenge挑战；D. wish期望。由下一句提到“瘦的身体”可知作者爷爷给了他一个拥抱，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，这么瘦的身体竟然充满了这么大的能量。 A. fine好的；B. fit合适的；C. healthy健康的；D. thin瘦的。结合常识可知，爷爷年龄大了，所以身体比较瘦。故选D。
28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时，我的情绪才开始倾泻出来。A. dying死；B. turning旋转；C. puring倾泻；D. checking核对。根据上文“I std silently, frcing a smile t cver my sadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，作者一开始掩饰自己的情绪，直到爷爷拥抱他时，他才把情感“流露”出来。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我所有的努力都白费了，我感到灰心丧气。 A. effrts努力；B. ffers提议；C. prmises许诺；D. prfits利润。根据“I was feeling discuraged”可知，作者为比赛付出的努力都白费了。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：爷爷温和地笑着对我说:“别担心。你比自己想象的要强大得多。” A. gently温柔地；B. generally一般地；C. suddenly突然地；D. freshly刚刚，接近。由语境可知，作者此时很难过，结合作者爷爷说的话和“笑着”可推知，应是“温柔地笑着说”，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。” A. shared分享；B. added增加，补充（说）；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。结合语境可知“Life can be full f ups and dwns s what we need d is t still have ur hpes and____12____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy t give up.”这些话是爷爷补充说的内容。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. decisins 决定；B. respects尊重；C. pains疼痛；D. desires渴望。根据“hpes and”可知，此处用“渴望”符合语境，指我们任何时候都要抱有希望和渴望。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. pssible可能的； D. necessary必要的。由上一句提到“我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望”，那么，“容易”让我们放弃对焦虑应当忽略，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. suppsed猜想；B. cnvinced相信；C. surprised惊讶；D. accustmed习惯于。根据下文“Grandpa’s encuragement sn made my sadness disappear.(爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。)”可知，爷爷的话给了作者鼓励，由此可知，爷爷说自己“相信”作者有成功的能力。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。A. arise出现，引起；B. prevent防止；C.disappear消失；D. cntinue继续。由下一段内容提到“我开始做计划”和“我相信积极的态度会让我达到目标”可知，作者开始意识到积极的重要性，所以作者爷爷的鼓励让他的悲伤“消失”了，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我思考了所有的问题并制定了一个计划。A. turned int使变成；B. came acrss偶遇；C. wrked ut制定，解决，锻炼；D. cared abut关心。根据“plan”可知，是制定计划。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我相信，以积极的态度对待失败，我最终会达到我的目标。A. merely仅仅；B. actually事实上；C. instantly立刻；D. eventually最后。根据上文“Nw, I believe that with a psitive attitude twards failure”可知，只要用积极的态度面对失败，最后能实现自己的目标。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。A. belved心爱的；B. deserved值得的；C. determined坚决的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文作者和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知，此处是指要和自己所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A. stress压力；B. gratitude 感激；C.praise赞扬；D. supprt 支持。根据上文““ Cheer up. I firmly ___11___ that yu have the ability t succeed.” Grandpa’s encuragement sn made my sadness disappear.”可知，爷爷对作者非常持支持，由此可知，此处是指家人的支持会对我们有益。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A. benefit使……受益；B. teach教；C. hld拿，举办；D. interest对……感兴趣。根据上文内容可知，作者在爷爷的鼓励和支持下走出沮丧，所以此处应表达，家人的“支持”会使我们收益，故选A。
第二节(共10小题：每小題1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Hw are yu?” It’s a questin that seems simple, but it can actually make peple feel very strange.
Last mnth, Alina Simne ____41____(write) in The New Yrk Times abut the difficulty that Russians have with this questin. This same questin, in Russian language and culture, is always answered ____42____a negative manner. In Russia, when peple are asked “Hw are yu?”, they usually cmplain abut health, weather r things ____43____have happened recently. S when they’re asked “Hw are yu?” in English, they dn’t knw what t d.
In English-speaking ____44____(cuntry), “Hw are yu?” has ne standard answer: “Fine, and yu?” That’s because “Hw are yu?” is nt actually abut getting infrmatin—it’s a greeting. If a native English-speaking friend really wants t knw ____45____is ging n in yur life, he r she is mre likely ____46____(ask): “What have yu been up t?” r “What’s new?”
But I understand why peple are s ____47____(cnfuse). When we learn secnd languages, we have t learn rules fr using wrds as much as wrds ____48____(them). Hw can yu learn thse rules? ____49____(watch) English-language TV shws is a gd place t start. If yu can, try t make a native English-speaking friend and talk t him r her _____50_____(direct).
【答案】41. wrte
42. in 43. which/that
44. cuntries
45 what 46. t ask
47. cnfused
48. themselves
49. Watching
50. directly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“Hw are yu?”这个问题看起来很简单，但实际上却让人感觉很奇怪。这个问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答；在说英语的国家，这只是一种问候方式，而非开启沟通的“开头语”，这就需要学习语言时与实境相结合，看英文电视节目，交一个以英语为母语的朋友都是很好的方式。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：上个月，爱丽娜·西蒙妮在《纽约时报》上撰文谈到了俄罗斯人在这个问题上遇到的困难。所填空应是句子谓语动词，结合时间状语“Last mnth”可知，应用一般过去时。故填wrte。
【42题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：同样的问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答。“in a/an+形容词+manner”，固定短语，“用……的方式”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。“____3____ have happened recently”为之前名词“things”的定语从句，先行词指物，从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。空前“English-speaking”为形容词，所填空应是名词，“cuntry”意为“国家”，可数名词，应用复数形式泛指多个国家。故填cuntries。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“___5____ is ging n in yur life”为之前动词“knw”的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代物或事情，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
【46题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“be (mre) likely t d sth”，固定短语，“（更）有可能做某事”。故填t ask。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但我理解为什么人们如此困惑。空前有系动词“are”，所填空应是形容词作表语，结合从句主语为“peple”，指人，应用-ed形式的形容词。故填cnfused。
【48题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：当我们学习第二语言时，我们不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则。结合句子“When we learn secnd languages, we have t learn rules fr using wrds as much as wrds ____8____ (them)”含义可知，此句强调当学习第二语言时，不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则，因此所填空应是反身代词，根据空前“wrds”可知，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
【49题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：看英文电视节目是一个很好的起点。“____9____ (watch) English-language TV shws”为句子主语，应用动名词作主语。故填Watching。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果可以的话，试着交一个以英语为母语的朋友，直接和他或她交谈。副词作状语修饰动词短语“talk t”。故填directly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I am frm Wiscnsin, and when we met smene fr the first time, we usually shake hands with. Well, I had big surprise in Belgium. When I was intrduced t my friend’s brther, smething happened, that made me felt uncmfrtable. I said “Hi” t him, extended my hand and he came up t me and kissed me n the cheek, nt nce, and three times, ging frm ne cheek t the ther! Of curse, I went red and they started t laugh at me. In Belgium, that is cmmn t greet smene by kissing three times. Hw vast different greeting traditin are acrss the wrld!
【答案】1. met→meet 2. 去掉with 3. big前加a 4. that→which 5. felt→feel
6. extended→extending 7. and→but 8. that→it 9. vast→vastly 10. traditin→traditins
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在比利时向对方问好时遭遇的尴尬的事。
【51题详解】
考查时态。句意：我来自威斯康辛州，当我们第一次见到某人时，我们通常会握手。根据句意，此处表示一般的常态，应用一般现在时，故将met改为meet。
【52题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我来自威斯康辛州，当我们第一次见到某人时，我们通常会握手。shake hands with sb表示“与某人握手”，此处with后无名词，不需要用with连接，故去掉with。
53题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我在比利时有个很惊讶的事情。此处表示泛指“一件惊讶的事情”，应用冠词a，故在big前加a。
【54题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当我被介绍给我朋友的哥哥时，发生了一些事情，这让我感到不舒服。本句是非限制性定语从句，从句修饰前面整句话，非限制性定语从句关系词不能用that，此处指事情，应用which，故将that改为which。
【55题详解】
考查动词原形。句意：当我被介绍给我朋友的哥哥时，发生了一些事情，这让我感到不舒服。根据搭配make sb d sth，此处动词应用原形形式，故将felt改为feel。
【56题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：我向他打招呼，伸出手，但他走到我跟前，吻了我的脸颊，不是一次，而是三次，从一个脸颊到另一个! 分析句子结构，后半句无主语且前后句无连词，此处extend是非谓语动词，extend和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，故将extended改为extending。
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：我向他打招呼，伸出手，但他走到我跟前，吻了我的脸颊，不是一次，而是三次，从一个脸颊到另一个! 根据句意，上文说我伸出手，后文说他吻了我脸颊，前后句是转折关系，应用连词but，故将and改为but。
【58题详解】
考查代词。句意：在比利时，亲吻三次来问候某人是很常见的。此处真正的主语是 t greet smene by kissing three times，需要用代词it做形式主语，故将that改为it。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：世界各地的问候传统有多么大的不同啊! 此处应用副词，修饰形容词different，表示“极其地不同”，故将vast改为vastly。
【60题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：世界各地的问候传统有多么大的不同啊! 根据后文的are，此处保持主谓一致，故名词traditin应用复数形式，故将traditin改为traditins。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华。英语课上，老师要求分组讨论“保护野生动物”的话题。请你写一篇小组发言稿，向全班汇报，内容包括：
1.必要性；
2.措施；
3.呼吁。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear classmates,
I’m glad t reprt ur grup's pinins abut the tpic "Wild Animal Prtectin". Firstly, there's n dubt that wild animals shuld be prtected strictly. They belng t part f nature and are f great imprtance t eclgical balance. Hwever, at the present time, sme f them are facing the danger f dying ut. Then, hw can we prtect them? Sme laws must be passed as sn as pssible t stp peple killing and selling them. Besides, peple shuld nt be allwed t eat wildlife.
Let's appreciate the imprtance f their prtectin and remember the serius lessn that humans have experienced Prtecting them means prtecting urselves.
Thank yu.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“保护野生动物”话题，写一篇小组发言稿。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.必要性；
2.措施；
3.呼吁。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
reprt; there is n dubt that; strictly; be f great imprtance; eclgical balance; at the present time; die ut; as sn as pssible; be allwed t; appreciate; prtectin; mean
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m glad t reprt ur grup's pinins abut the tpic "Wild Animal Prtectin".
2. Firstly, there's n dubt that wild animals shuld be prtected strictly.
3. They belng t part f nature and are f great imprtance t eclgical balance.
4. Hwever, at the present time, sme f them are facing the danger f dying ut.
5. Sme laws must be passed as sn as pssible t stp peple killing and selling them.
6. Besides, peple shuld nt be allwed t eat wildlife.
7. Let's appreciate the imprtance f their prtectin and remember the serius lessn that humans have experienced.
8. Prtecting them means prtecting urselves.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly
2.表并列补充关系：Besides
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, there's n dubt that wild animals shuld be prtected strictly. (运用了there is n dubt that句型)
[高分句型2] Prtecting them means prtecting urselves. (运用了动名词作主语)
听力答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C
13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
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