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湖南省株洲市第二中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月月考试卷（Word版附答案）
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这是一份湖南省株洲市第二中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月月考试卷（Word版附答案），共18页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 37，D．In March 2023，5 分，满分 15 分），5%的塑料瓶被回收等内容，欢迎下载使用。
湖南株洲第二中学2022-2023学年上学期教学质量检测
高一英语试题
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Science competitions your students can enter
Clean Tech Competition
Age:15-18
Opens: Now
Closes: 29 April 2022
The Clean Tech Competition research and design challenge asks students to find a problem with our natural world and resource use that they want to change, work out a solution and hand in a research paper to the judges.
Top of the Bench
Age:14-16
Opens: September 2022
Closes: October 2022(regional heats)
Top of the Bench (TOTB)is a yearly practical chemistry competition and a great chance for students to put their teamwork and practical skills to the test. Regional heats will be held between October 2022 and January2023, with the wining team from each heat progressing to the national final held later in March.
Quantum on the Clock
Age: 16-18
Closes: 31 March 2022
Quantum on the Clock competition is open to all A-level students in the UK and Ireland. Students are asked to create a three-minute video about any aspect of quantum science (量子科学) or technology . Entries (参赛作品) can be individual or in teams of up to four students. Cash prizes are on offer for the winners and runners-up. The “best individual” and “best team” winners will receive an invitation to a prize-giving ceremony at the Photon 2022 conference dinner (会议晚宴).
Big Bang Young Scientists and Engineers Competition
Age: 11-19
Closes: 4 April 2022
The Big Bang Competition recognises young people’s achievements in STEM and builds their confidence in project-based work, focusing on investigation, discovery and use of scientific methods. Students can submit (提交) their project as a written or video report—on any topic in the field of STEM. Students can be in with the chance of winning a range of awards and prizes.
1．Which competition focuses on solving environmental issues?
A．Top of the Bench.
B．Quantum on the Clock.
C．Clean Tech Competition.
D．Big Bang Young Scientists and Engineers Competition.
2．When will the national final of TOTB be held?
A．In September 2022. B．In October 2022.
C．In January 2023. D．In March 2023.
3．What do the last two competitions have in common?
A．They both accept video entries.
B．They are both open to students aged 11-19.
C．Both of them will invite their winners to a conference dinner.
D．Both of them require each participant to finish an entry on his own.
B
Nowadays, we are very worried about such COVID-19 variants as Delta and Omicron. To relieve our anxieties, we should have a look at our own cell and the original COVID-19 virus.
First of all, our cell isn’t stupid. If any virus wants to enter our cell, it must figure out a way for its spike (触手) to hold tightly to the spike on the cell’s surface. You can imagine this connecting as a secret handshake.
At the early stage, the COVID-19 virus figured out a way to connect to a specific spike on the surface of human cell, called ACE2. But the connecting wasn’t perfect. However, it was good enough to trick the ACE2 to let it in.
Once the virus was inside the cell, it kept copying itself in order to find more cells to infect. During this time, the immune (免疫) system started making antibodies to fight back. Some of those antibodies acted like little caps that stick to the ends of the virus’s spike. Once “capped”, the infection couldn’t move forward, and the body won!
But every time the virus copies itself inside a cell, it has the chance of changing its spikes slightly. Most of the variations are actually harmful to the virus. So these variants disappear. However, once the virus hits upon a set of variations that actually help the virus to connect more tightly to the cell or more quickly, a person’s cell gets infected more easily.
Then what about the antibodies? Aren’t they coming to save us again? Well, yes... and no.
Scientists found that a person who was infected with the earlier version of the virus may not be protected as well against these new variants. He still can be infected, again. However, the antibodies’ spikes come in different shapes, too. So even though some antibodies become less useful, others will get the job done—or at least, hold back the infection long enough so the body can make new antibodies that fit perfectly on the changed spike.
4．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The virus. B．The cell.
C．The spike. D．The connection.
5．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A．How a virus enters the human cell.
B．How a virus copies itself inside a cell.
C．Why the immune system can fight back.
D．Why virus variants have different infection rates.
6．What can be learned from the text?
A．COVID-19 variants will become more and more infectious.
B．It is unlikely for COVID-19 patients to get infected again.
C．Old antibodies might be less effective against new variants.
D．It is hopeless to get rid of the COVID-19 in the near future.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Worries About the COVID-19 Variants
B．A Simple Guide to COVID-19 Variants
C．The Danger of the Deadly COVID-19 Virus
D．Ways to Protect Ourselves From COVID-19 Virus
C
Owning a smartphone may not be as smart as you think. It may let you surf the Internet, listen to music and snap photos wherever you are... but it also turns you into a workaholic, it seems.
A study suggests that, by giving you access to emails at all times, the all-singing, all-dancing mobilephone adds as much as two hours to your working day. Researchers found that Britons work an additional 460 hours a year on average as they are able to respond to emails on their mobiles.
The study by technology retailer Pixmania reveals the average UK working day is between 9 and 10 hours, but a further two hours is spent responding to or sending work emails, or making work calls. More than 90 percent of office workers have email-enabled phones, with a third accessing them more than 20 times a day. Almost one in ten admits spending up to three hours outside their normal working day checking work emails. Some workers confess they are on call almost 24 hours a day, with nine out of ten saying they make work emails and calls outside their normal working hours. The average time for first checking emails is between 6 am and 7 am, with more than a third checking their first emails in this period, and a quarter checking them between 11 pm and midnight.
Ghadi Hobeika, marketing director of Pixmania, said, “The ability to access literally millions of apps, keep in contact via social networks and take photos and video as well as text and call has made smartphones invaluable for many people. However, there are drawbacks. Many companies expect their employees to be on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and smartphones mean that people literally cannot get away from work. The more constantly in contact we become, the more is expected of us in a work capacity. “
8．Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．The average UK working time is between nine and twelve hours.
B．Nine-tenths spend over three hours checking work emails.
C．One-fourth check their first mail between 11 pm and midnight.
D．The average time for first checking emails is between 6 am and 8 am.
9．The underlined word “accessing” in the third paragraph can be replaced by “ “.
A．calling B．using C．reaching D．getting
10．What can we conclude from the text?
A．Every coin has two sides
B．It never rains but pours.
C．All that glitters is not gold..
D．It’s no good crying over spilt milk.
11．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Workaholics like smartphones.
B．Employers don’t like smartphones.
C．Smartphones make our life easier.
D．Smartphones bring about extra work.
D
In April 2018, a group of Canadian scientists flying in a helicopter (直升飞机) discovered something they didn't expect to see — a huge, unknown cave with an opening the size of a football field.
The cave was discovered in the northern part of Wells Gray Provincial Park, in a wild, faraway area of Canada's Cariboo Mountains. The area is hard to get to and even harder to travel through. It is covered with snow for much of the year.
The group told Catherine Hickson, a scientist who studies rocks, about the cave. Dr. Hickson got a team of researchers together to study it. In September, they went for a closer look after most of the snow melted (融化). The cave is one of the largest in Canada. Not only is the opening to the cave larger than a football field, the cave is also deep. The team couldn't measure (测量) all the way to the bottom, but they think it may be more than 180 meters deep. The cave is tens of thousands of years old. But the rock in the cave is made of used to be at the bottom of an ocean (海洋). It is hundreds of millions of years old.
A small, but fast river of melting snow leads into the cave on one side, creating a waterfall near the top and a river at the bottom. The water comes out again a long way away. The exit (出口) is about 2.1 kilometers away and about l/2 kilometer lower down.
The cave will have to wait to get an official name. For now, the cave is being called "Sarlacc's Pit "because it looks similar to the home of the Sarlacc, a person in the Star Wars movie Return of the Jedi.
For Dr. Hickson, there's a lesson to be learned from the cave. "It shows you that you don't know everything, "she says." There are things yet to be discovered."
12．Why did the cave remain unknown in the past?
A．It is in a wild mountain area. B．It has been there for just a few years.
C．Its opening is too small to be noticed. D．The weather there is cold all year round.
13．What are Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about?
A．The history of the cave. B．Some facts about the cave.
C．The value of studying the cave. D．The methods of studying the cave.
14．What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The snow. B．The river. C．The ocean. D．The rock.
15．The cave's name "Sarlace's Pit" has something to do with ________.
A．local culture B．its discoverers C．the way it looks D．the name of a film star
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Many people are well aware of the benefits of teaching our children to love reading. Less easy to do, however, is finding regular time to read with our children.___16___
Select a suitable time of day. The most suitable time of day is often bedtime but it might not be suitable for you. ___17___If reading a goodnight story at 8 pm has you yawning and trying hard to remain awake, perhaps a story before dinner, or a story in the afternoon will work out better. You need to direct this decision to make it fit in rather than miss it.
___18___Rather than try to go through five chapters of a large book each night, cut it down to two chapters. Rather than read five storybooks, cut it down to two. When the alternative is nothing at all, books with fewer chapters will be much preferred by your child.
Read loud together. When you have more than one child, make reading done together. If an older child who is able to read finds this “unfair” or “annoying”, you can let him read something that interests him and read it out loud to the family. Another way to engage more than one child is to read stories in turn and have each of them listen politely.___19___
Praise your children.___20___When your children read anything-be it the label off a cereal packet or a book, be sure to praise their reading at every chance you get. Thus, you are creating a reading culture in your family, which is an important way of helping children cope with their feelings and problems, as well as answering their curiosities, and developing their imagination.
A．Read every night.
B．It goes a long way.
C．Break down the reading if necessary.
D．Do remember a suitable time for reading varies among children.
E．Here is how you fit yourself in regular reading sessions with your children.
F．So it is important to take into account your availability throughout the day.
G．As a result, they will love hearing and be in favor of such group activity.
第二部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a sunny day. A city man was driving along a country road with a new wagon（马车）and a beautiful pair of horses. He didn’t pay a lot of___21___to where he was going. Pretty soon he___22___that he was lost, but he continued to drive, expecting to re-find his way or to___23___someone who could tell him how to get back to the___24___.
It was a long___25___road. For many ___26___he kept on driving. When it was almostdark ，he saw in a field a tall___27___ploughing（犁地） the land. He stopped his___28___team of horses near the fence and called out，“Hello，farmer.”
“Hello，yourself，”the farmer___29___，still ploughing .
“Where does the horse go？”he asked without knowing his language mistakes.
“I haven’t seen it go anywhere. It___30___stays right where it is，”said the farmer，withoutstopping his work.
“How far is it to the next town？” said the city man，speaking a little more___31___.
“Don’t know. I never ____32____it,” replied the farmer. By this time the city man was getting____33____“What do you know？You’re the biggest fool I ever saw.”
Finally stopping, the farmer turned and looked for a long time____34____at the city man. Then he said，“Maybe I don’t know much.____35____I am a fool. But at least I’m not lost！”
21．A．signs B．orders C．attention D．direction
22．A．realized B．recognized C．accepted D．received
23．A．miss B．meet C．look D．lose
24．A．town B．country C．capital D．village
25．A．lonely B．busy C．dirty D．crowded
26．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．years
27．A．driver B．policeman C．farmer D．worker
28．A．strong B．tired C．weak D．tiring
29．A．asked B．demanded C．replied D．ordered
30．A．always B．often C．sometimes D．seldom
31．A．politely B．friendly C．loudly D．angrily
32．A．judged B．measured C．saw D．studied
33．A．sad B．lovely C．friendly D．angry
34．A．gladly B．immediately C．silently D．excitedly
35．A．Generally B．Fortunately C．Certainly D．Perhaps
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year, more than 13 billion plastic bottles are sold in Britain. All of them ____36____ (use) only once, and only half of them are recycled.
Some think plastic bottles should be banned(明令禁止). ____37____ think they should be recycled. Others think a returning plan should be brought in to avoid the ____38____ (pollute) of rivers and seas. That is to say, people will get up to 20 pence back every time they return ____39____ bottle. A returning plan for bottles is already ____40____ (success) in Germany, where 98.5% of plastic bottles are returned.
____41____ (lucky), there are already signs that things are changing for the better. Last year, Selfridges stopped ____42____ (sell) single-use water bottles. London Zoo announced that it would also ban them. It sold 155,000 plastic bottles of water last year. Now it will sell only reusable plastic bottles, ____43____ can be filled by visitors from taps. Families visiting beaches this summer are being asked to take part in a plan called “Return To Offender”. The idea is ____44____ (post) plastic bottles and other litter they find back to the _____45_____ (company) that made them, using their freepost addresses.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46．你校正在组织英语作文大赛。请以“我最喜欢的诗人”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 人物简介；
2. 喜欢的原因。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
My favorite poet
There are many famous poets all over the world.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25 分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thirty years ago, Cayley was greatly surprised to find that she had a brother. She made up her mind to find him. Since then she refused to leave the home she grew up in, hoping that her brother would knock on the door one day. Little did Cayley know that her brother, Nick Rhoades, had been longing to do so, but only to walk away at the last minute. But thanks to the TV programme Long Lost Family, the pair have enjoyed an emotional reunion.
Cayley’s mum Jacqueline left the family when her daughter was only seven to start a new life in America. Cayley was brought up by her grandmother Victoria, who died in 2001, and she clearly remembered first finding out about her brother Nick. Cayley was quite angry with the fact that was covered up. So she was determined to find her brother no matter what difficulties she would meet with.
Many years later, Cayley, her husband, Colin, and their children were still staying in the house where she grew up because she always had hope that one day her brother would knock on the door. Her husband Colin was very understanding and even though they had two other houses to move to, they stayed in the same house. She never gave up hope.
Meanwhile, when Nick knew he was adopted, he did ask his parents questions and they told him everything they knew. His adoptive parents were so loving and his mum had adopted hundreds of children. Nick had been one of those lucky kids. He had lived a really very happy childhood. Sadly, when Nick was 18 his adoptive mum died of cancer. After several years, his adoptive father also died. Nick was extremely sad during that period of time. Once again, he became a poor orphan without parents, which led him to make the decision to find his birth mum Jacqueline.
Nick had been given his birth certificate (出生证) by his adoptive parents with an address on it.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Nick and his wife Sandra decided to find his mother’s house.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thankfully, Nick’s sister Cayley and Nick’s wife Sandra both turned to Long Lost Family for help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．A
本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了四种青少年学生可以参加的科学竞赛。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Clean Tech Competition research and design challenge asks students to find a problem with our natural world and resource use that they want to change, work out a solution and hand in a research paper to the judges.”（清洁技术竞赛的研究和设计挑战要求学生找到一个他们想要改变的自然世界和资源使用的问题，想出一个解决方案，并向评委提交一份研究论文。）可知，清洁技术竞赛着重于解决环境和资源使用问题。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“with the wining team from each heat progressing to the national final held later in March.”（每个小组赛的优胜者将进入3月下旬举行的全国决赛。）可知，TOTB的全国决赛在2023年3月举行。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Students are asked to create a three-minute video about any aspect of quantum science (量子科学) or technology . ”（学生们被要求制作一段三分钟的视频，内容涉及量子科学或技术的任何方面。）和第四段“Students can submit (提交) their project as a written or video report”（学生可以通过以书面或视频报告形式的形式提交项目）可知，最后两个竞赛都接受视频形式的参赛作品。故选A。
4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正在全球肆虐的新冠病毒产生变体的原因及其可能带来的挑战。
4．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“If any virus wants to enter our cell, it must figure out a way for its spike (触手) to hold tightly to the spike on the cell's surface.(任何病毒要想进入我们的细胞，它得设法把自己的触手紧紧地联结到细胞表面的触手上)”可知，it指代的是上文中所提到的virus“病毒”。故选A。
5． 主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“But every time the virus copies itself inside a cell, it has the chance of changing its spikes slightly.(但每次病毒在细胞内自我复制时，它都有可能轻微改变其触手)”及最后一句“However, once the virus hits upon a set of variations thatactually help the virus to connect more tightly to the cell or more quickly, a person’s cell gets infected more easily.(然而，一旦病毒碰到一系列变异，这些变异实际上可以帮助病毒与细胞更紧密或更快地连接，人的细胞就更容易被感染)”可知，本段主要是在解释不同的病毒变体为什么具有不同的传播能力。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“So even though some antibodies become less useful, others will get the job done—or at least, hold back the infection long enough so the body can make new antibodies that fit perfectly on the changed spike.(因此，即使一些抗体变得不那么有用，其他抗体也会完成任务，或者至少，将感染抑制足够长的时间，以便身体能够制造出新的抗体，完美地适应改变后的触手)”可知，旧抗体对新病毒变体的作用可能会减弱。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“To relieve our anxieties, we should have a look at our own cell and the original COVID-19 virus.(为了缓解我们的焦虑，我们应该看看自己的细胞和原始的COVID-19病毒)”及后文对COVID-19病毒变体的介绍可知，本文主要是简单介绍了新冠病毒产生的变体。因此“A Simple Guide to COVID-19 Variants(COVID-19变体的简明介绍)”适合作为本文标题。故选B。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D
试题分析:本文主要讲述虽然智能手机能让你无论在哪里，都能上网、 听音乐和拍照，但它也会让你变成一个工作狂。列举了一些科学研究和科学家的言论来说明。
8．细节理解题。排除法。选项A，从文中第三段．the average UK working day is between 9 and 10 hours英国人平均的工作时间是每天9到10个小时。故A错误；选项B，从文章第三段Almost one in ten admits spending up to three hours outside their normal working day checking work emails.几乎十分之一的人承认花费超出工作时间三个小时来检查工作邮件，故B错误；选项D，从文中第三段The average time for first checking emails is between 6 am and 7 am, 检查电子邮件的平均时间是6点和7点之间，故D错误。而选项C，从文中第三段a quarter checking them between 11 pm and midnight.四分之一的人检查邮件在11点到午夜12点。故选C。
9．词汇理解题。从文中第三段More than 90 percent of office workers have email-enabled phones, with a third accessing them more than 20 times a day.超过90%的办公室职员已经有能够接受邮件的手机,他们中有三分之一一天使用超过20多次。access原意是接近，利用；结合上下文也可判断它在这里的含义，应为使用手机查看电子邮件，与文章内容相符。故选B。
10．主旨分析题。从文中第一段作者提出手机除了给你带来很多便利之外，也能使你成为工作狂，接着作者例举研究：办公室职员们除了一天的固定工作时间外，还要另外花费2到3个小时来查看工作邮件；Ghadi Hobeika ,指出“智能手机意味着人们不能离开工作。我们愈经常接触的越多,就越期待我们的工作能力。”因此可以得出，智能手机有优点，有缺点，即每件事物都有两面性，故选A。
11．主旨理解题。结合全文，作者例举的研究：办公室职员们除了一天的固定工作时间外，还要另外花费2到3个小时来查看工作邮件；以及Ghadi Hobeika ,指出“智能手机意味着人们不能离开工作。我们愈经常接触的越多,就越期待我们的工作能力，故可知本文主要告诉我们智能手机给我们带来了很多额外工作。故选D。
考点：考察科普说明类阅读
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是2018年4月，一组加拿大科学家乘坐直升机发现了一个巨大的、未知的洞穴，其开口有一个足球场那么大。
12．细节理解题。由第二段中的“The cave was discovered in the northern part of Wells Gray Provincial Park, in a wild, faraway area of Canada's Cariboo Mountains. The area is hard to get to and even harder to travel through.(这个洞穴是在威尔斯格雷省公园的北部发现的，位于加拿大卡里布山脉的一个偏远的荒野地区。这个地区很难到达，甚至更难穿越)”可知，这个洞穴在一个荒山野地，因此一直未被发现。故选A。
13．主旨大意题。根据第四段的“A small, but fast river of melting snow leads into the cave on one side, creating a waterfall near the top and a river at the bottom. The water comes out again a long way away. The exit (出口) is about 2.1 kilometers away and about l/2 kilometer lower down.(融化的雪形成一条湍急的小河流，汇入洞穴的一侧，在靠近顶部的地方形成瀑布，在底部形成一条河流。水又从很远的地方流出来。出口大约是2.1公里远，再低1/2公里)”可知，第四、五两段主要介绍了这一洞穴的一些详细情况，如洞口的大小、洞穴的深度和年代以及洞内的小河等。故选B。
14．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“But the rock in the cave is made of used to be at the bottom of an ocean (海洋). It is hundreds of millions of years old.(但是山洞里的岩石是由曾经在海底的岩石组成的。它有数亿年的历史)”可知，It指代的是构成洞穴的岩石，即The rock，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“For now, the cave is being called "Sarlacc's Pit "because it looks similar to the home of the Sarlacc, a person in the Star Wars movie Return of the Jedi.(目前，这个洞穴被称为“萨拉克之坑”，因为它看起来像《星球大战》电影《绝地归来》中萨拉克的家)”可知，该洞穴被称为“Sarlacc's Pit”是与它的外观有关，因为它的外观与Sarlacc的家很像。故选C。
16．E 17．F 18．C 19．G 20．B
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与孩子一起阅读，并给出了相应的建议。
16．根据下文内容可知，下文具体介绍了与孩子定期阅读的方法，所以此处应介绍这是如何与孩子定期进行阅读的方法。E. Here is how you fit yourself in regular reading sessions with your children.(以下是你和孩子们定期阅读的方法)能够引领下文。故选E。
17．根据上文The most suitable time of day is often bedtime but it might not be suitable for you.(一天中最适合阅读的时间是睡前，但对家长来说可能不太适合)可知，此处应该讲述选择阅读时间的重要性。F. So it is important to take into account your availability throughout the day.(所以考虑到你一整天的可用性是很重要的)符合语境。故选F。
18．此处是段落主旨句。根据下文Rather than try to go through five chapters of a large book each night, cut it down to two chapters. Rather than read five storybooks, cut it down to two. (与其试图每晚读完一本大书的五章，不如把它缩减到两章。与其读五本故事书，不如把它减少到两本)可知，本段主要讲述了拆分阅读篇章这一方法。C. Break down the reading if necessary.(如有必要，可将阅读材料拆解)适合做本段主旨。故选C。
19．根据上文内容可知，上文讲述与多个孩子阅读时要声音洪亮，或者可以依次为他们阅读。结尾应使用总结性语言归纳概括。G. As a result, they will love hearing and be in favor of such group activity.(因此，他们会喜欢听，并支持这种群体活动)符合语境。故选G。
20．根据下文Thus, you are creating a reading culture in your family, which is an important way of helping children cope with their feelings and problems, as well as answering their curiosities, and developing their imagination.(因此，你在你的家庭中创造了一种阅读文化，这是帮助孩子处理他们的情感和问题，以及回答他们的好奇心和发展他们的想象力的一个重要方式)可以看出，表扬对于阅读中的孩子来说意义深远。B. It goes a long way.(它意义深远)符合语境，it指的是“Praise your children.”故选B。
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D
试题分析：本文叙述了一个城里人驾着有一对漂亮的马拉着的新马车，因为他没有注意走的方向，很快就迷路了，但是他还是继续向前走，希望碰见一个人问一下，可是他走的路是特别长又偏僻，当天快黑了的时候，他看见一个农民在地里犁地，两人有个不愉快的谈话，城里人非常生气，但是他还是没有问出道路怎么走。
21．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 signs标志； orders命令； attention注意； direction方向。pay attention to注意；他没太注意他走向哪里，故选C。
22．考查动词及上下文的呼应。realized意识到； recognized认出； accepted接受； received收到。很快他意识到他迷路了，故选A。
23．考查动词及上下文的呼应。miss错过； meet相见； look 看； lose失去。他继续向前走，希望重新找到路，或者遇见某个人提告诉他如何走回城镇，故选B。
24．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 town城镇； country乡村； capital首都； village 村庄。How far is it to the next town？故选A。
25．考查副词及上下文的呼应。 Lonely偏僻的，寂寞的； busy繁忙的； dirty脏的； crowded 拥挤的。For many __16__ he kept on driving.走了很长的路没有人，所以这条路是偏僻的，故选A。
26．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 seconds秒； minutes分钟； hours 小时； years年。根据It was a long 15 road.路长，所以用的时间长，故选C。
27．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 driver司机； policeman警察； farmer 农民； worker 工人。根据“Hello，farmer，可知应选C。
28．考查形容词及上下文的呼应。strong强壮的； tired累的； weak弱的； tiring 令人厌烦的。根据上文可知他已经走了好几个小时，所以马队也累了，故选B。
29．考查动词及上下文的呼应。asked问； demanded要求； replied回答； ordered命令。根据上下文可知城里来的人问，那么这个农民就回答，故选 C。
30．考查副词及上下文的呼应。 always一直； often经常； sometimes有时； seldom 很少。它一直呆在它呆的地方，故选A。
31．考查副词及上下文的呼应。politely礼貌地； friendly友好的； loudly大声地； angrily 生气地。城里的人问这里离下一个城镇多远，他说话有点大声，故选C。
32．考查动词及上下文的呼应。judged判断； measured测量； saw看见； studied 研究。这个农民说到：我不知道，我从没有测量过，故选B。
33．考查形容词及上下文的呼应。 sad伤心的； lovely可爱的； friendly友好的； angry生气的。但是这一次城里人变得有点生气了，故选 D。
34．考查副词及上下文的呼应。gladly高兴地； immediately立刻； silently静静地； excitedly兴奋地，激动地。最后这个农民停止了工作，他转过身静静地看了一会，故选C。
35．考查副词及上下文的呼应。generally通常；fortunately幸运地； certainly一定； perhaps也许。农民说：也许我是傻子，但是至少我没有迷路，故选D。
考点：故事类短文。
点评：在作题时最好将全文通读一下，了解了全文的大意以后再作题。看清上下文，找准定位词。充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语，有时用已了解的生活常识来确定答案。
36．are used 37．Some 38．pollution 39．a 40．successful 41．Luckily 42．selling 43．which 44．to post 45．companies
本文是一篇说明文。塑料污染是全球面临的一个非常严重的问题，英国目前正举全国之力解决这样的污染。
36．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：所有这些都只使用一次，只有一半被回收。全文的主体时态为一般现在时。All of them中的them指代上文plastic bottles，和use是动宾关系，再结合语境可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are used。
37．考查固定搭配。句意：一些人认为它们应该被回收。some...others...是固定搭配，意为“一些……另外一些……”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Some。
38．考查名词。句意：另一些人认为应该引入一个返回计划，以避免河流和海洋的污染。空处作avoid的宾语，且根据后面的of rivers and seas可知，应用名词形式pollution，不可数。故填pollution。
39．考查冠词。句意：也就是说，人们每次退一瓶酒，最多可以得到20便士的退款。bottle意为“瓶子”时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且bottle的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
40．考查形容词。句意：德国的塑料瓶回收计划已经取得了成功，98.5%的塑料瓶被回收。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，表示“成功的”应用形容词successful，故填successful。
41．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，已经有迹象表明情况正在向好的方向转变。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，表示“幸运的是”应用副词luckily，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，塞尔福里奇百货停止销售一次性水瓶。短语stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”，故填selling。
43．考查定语从句。句意：现在，它只出售可重复使用的塑料瓶，游客可以从水龙头里装瓶。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词reusable plastic bottles，且从句中缺少主语，故填which。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的想法是，用免费邮寄地址把他们找到的塑料瓶和其他垃圾寄回制造它们的公司。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作表语，说明主语idea的具体内容。故填to post。
45．考查名词的单复数。句意：他们的想法是，用免费邮寄地址把他们找到的塑料瓶和其他垃圾寄回制造它们的公司。company为可数名词，根据下文using their freepost addresses中的their可知，此处应用名词复数。故填companies。
46．One possible version：
My favorite poet
There are many famous poets all over the world. My favorite poet is Du Fu, one of the greatest Chinese poets.
Known as "the Sage of Poetry", Du Fu wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age. More importantly, Du Fu showed great concern over poor people's lives. Many of his poems reflected the great gap between the rich and the poor, and the effects of war on the people.
Du Fu's poems reflect realities and pay attention to common people's lives. That is why I like Du Fu most.
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“我最喜欢的诗人”为题，写一篇短文参赛，介绍这位诗人以及喜欢他的原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：famous → distinguished
更重要的是：More importantly → what’s more
影响：effects → influence
关注：pay attention to → focus on
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Known as "the Sage of Poetry", Du Fu wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age.
拓展句：Du Fu was known as "the Sage of Poetry", he wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age.
【点睛】【高分句型1】That is why I like Du Fu most.（运用了why引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】Known as "the Sage of Poetry", Du Fu wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age.（运用了非谓语结构和what引导的宾语从句）
47． Nick and his wife Sandra decided to find his mother’s house. It felt so strange that Nick knew it was exactly the house when they were approaching it. He had a feeling that he had been living here long long time ago. He was eager to knock at the door, but he stopped all of a sudden. His concern was that he might interrupt his mother. He didn’t want to go into the house directly and told her they were her son and daughter-in-law.
Thankfully, Nick’s sister Cayley and Nick’s wife Sandra both turned to Long Lost Family for help. Cayley wanted to find her little brother, and Sandra wanted to help her husband find about his mum. Cayley was asked lots of personal questions. She burst into tears when she knew they were about her brother. When they finally met, Nick knew it was exactly his sister. They were so alike, even their gestures or ways of speaking were the same. A month later, Nick was reunited with his mum, who flew back from America. They are always meeting up from then on.
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了失散多年的姐弟二人在 Long Lost Family节目的帮助下重逢的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Nick和他的妻子Sandra决定找到他母亲的房子。”可知，第一段可描写Nick和妻子寻找自己的姐姐和自家的老房子，以及见面时候的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“幸运的是，Nick的姐姐Cayley和尼克的妻子Sandra都向 Long Lost Family节目寻求帮助。”可知，第二段可描写在该节目的帮助下，节目在对当事人进行询问的情况以及弟弟与姐姐团聚时的场景。
2.续写线索：得知家中有个弟弟走散——姐姐决心寻找弟弟——与弟弟失之交臂——在Long Lost Family节目的帮助下和弟弟团聚——定期探望保持联系
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.接近：approach /get close to
②.进入：go into/enter
③.团聚：reunion /reunite/get together
情绪类
①.渴望，热情：be eager to do/be enthusiastic to do
②.大哭：burst into tears/burst out doing
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She burst into tears when she knew they were about her brother. （由连接词when引导的时间状语从句以）
[高分句型2]. A month later, Nick was reunited with his mum, who flew back from America.（由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）
湖南株洲第二中学2022-2023学年上学期教学质量检测
高一英语试题
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Science competitions your students can enter
Clean Tech Competition
Age:15-18
Opens: Now
Closes: 29 April 2022
The Clean Tech Competition research and design challenge asks students to find a problem with our natural world and resource use that they want to change, work out a solution and hand in a research paper to the judges.
Top of the Bench
Age:14-16
Opens: September 2022
Closes: October 2022(regional heats)
Top of the Bench (TOTB)is a yearly practical chemistry competition and a great chance for students to put their teamwork and practical skills to the test. Regional heats will be held between October 2022 and January2023, with the wining team from each heat progressing to the national final held later in March.
Quantum on the Clock
Age: 16-18
Closes: 31 March 2022
Quantum on the Clock competition is open to all A-level students in the UK and Ireland. Students are asked to create a three-minute video about any aspect of quantum science (量子科学) or technology . Entries (参赛作品) can be individual or in teams of up to four students. Cash prizes are on offer for the winners and runners-up. The “best individual” and “best team” winners will receive an invitation to a prize-giving ceremony at the Photon 2022 conference dinner (会议晚宴).
Big Bang Young Scientists and Engineers Competition
Age: 11-19
Closes: 4 April 2022
The Big Bang Competition recognises young people’s achievements in STEM and builds their confidence in project-based work, focusing on investigation, discovery and use of scientific methods. Students can submit (提交) their project as a written or video report—on any topic in the field of STEM. Students can be in with the chance of winning a range of awards and prizes.
1．Which competition focuses on solving environmental issues?
A．Top of the Bench.
B．Quantum on the Clock.
C．Clean Tech Competition.
D．Big Bang Young Scientists and Engineers Competition.
2．When will the national final of TOTB be held?
A．In September 2022. B．In October 2022.
C．In January 2023. D．In March 2023.
3．What do the last two competitions have in common?
A．They both accept video entries.
B．They are both open to students aged 11-19.
C．Both of them will invite their winners to a conference dinner.
D．Both of them require each participant to finish an entry on his own.
B
Nowadays, we are very worried about such COVID-19 variants as Delta and Omicron. To relieve our anxieties, we should have a look at our own cell and the original COVID-19 virus.
First of all, our cell isn’t stupid. If any virus wants to enter our cell, it must figure out a way for its spike (触手) to hold tightly to the spike on the cell’s surface. You can imagine this connecting as a secret handshake.
At the early stage, the COVID-19 virus figured out a way to connect to a specific spike on the surface of human cell, called ACE2. But the connecting wasn’t perfect. However, it was good enough to trick the ACE2 to let it in.
Once the virus was inside the cell, it kept copying itself in order to find more cells to infect. During this time, the immune (免疫) system started making antibodies to fight back. Some of those antibodies acted like little caps that stick to the ends of the virus’s spike. Once “capped”, the infection couldn’t move forward, and the body won!
But every time the virus copies itself inside a cell, it has the chance of changing its spikes slightly. Most of the variations are actually harmful to the virus. So these variants disappear. However, once the virus hits upon a set of variations that actually help the virus to connect more tightly to the cell or more quickly, a person’s cell gets infected more easily.
Then what about the antibodies? Aren’t they coming to save us again? Well, yes... and no.
Scientists found that a person who was infected with the earlier version of the virus may not be protected as well against these new variants. He still can be infected, again. However, the antibodies’ spikes come in different shapes, too. So even though some antibodies become less useful, others will get the job done—or at least, hold back the infection long enough so the body can make new antibodies that fit perfectly on the changed spike.
4．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The virus. B．The cell.
C．The spike. D．The connection.
5．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A．How a virus enters the human cell.
B．How a virus copies itself inside a cell.
C．Why the immune system can fight back.
D．Why virus variants have different infection rates.
6．What can be learned from the text?
A．COVID-19 variants will become more and more infectious.
B．It is unlikely for COVID-19 patients to get infected again.
C．Old antibodies might be less effective against new variants.
D．It is hopeless to get rid of the COVID-19 in the near future.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Worries About the COVID-19 Variants
B．A Simple Guide to COVID-19 Variants
C．The Danger of the Deadly COVID-19 Virus
D．Ways to Protect Ourselves From COVID-19 Virus
C
Owning a smartphone may not be as smart as you think. It may let you surf the Internet, listen to music and snap photos wherever you are... but it also turns you into a workaholic, it seems.
A study suggests that, by giving you access to emails at all times, the all-singing, all-dancing mobilephone adds as much as two hours to your working day. Researchers found that Britons work an additional 460 hours a year on average as they are able to respond to emails on their mobiles.
The study by technology retailer Pixmania reveals the average UK working day is between 9 and 10 hours, but a further two hours is spent responding to or sending work emails, or making work calls. More than 90 percent of office workers have email-enabled phones, with a third accessing them more than 20 times a day. Almost one in ten admits spending up to three hours outside their normal working day checking work emails. Some workers confess they are on call almost 24 hours a day, with nine out of ten saying they make work emails and calls outside their normal working hours. The average time for first checking emails is between 6 am and 7 am, with more than a third checking their first emails in this period, and a quarter checking them between 11 pm and midnight.
Ghadi Hobeika, marketing director of Pixmania, said, “The ability to access literally millions of apps, keep in contact via social networks and take photos and video as well as text and call has made smartphones invaluable for many people. However, there are drawbacks. Many companies expect their employees to be on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and smartphones mean that people literally cannot get away from work. The more constantly in contact we become, the more is expected of us in a work capacity. “
8．Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．The average UK working time is between nine and twelve hours.
B．Nine-tenths spend over three hours checking work emails.
C．One-fourth check their first mail between 11 pm and midnight.
D．The average time for first checking emails is between 6 am and 8 am.
9．The underlined word “accessing” in the third paragraph can be replaced by “ “.
A．calling B．using C．reaching D．getting
10．What can we conclude from the text?
A．Every coin has two sides
B．It never rains but pours.
C．All that glitters is not gold..
D．It’s no good crying over spilt milk.
11．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Workaholics like smartphones.
B．Employers don’t like smartphones.
C．Smartphones make our life easier.
D．Smartphones bring about extra work.
D
In April 2018, a group of Canadian scientists flying in a helicopter (直升飞机) discovered something they didn't expect to see — a huge, unknown cave with an opening the size of a football field.
The cave was discovered in the northern part of Wells Gray Provincial Park, in a wild, faraway area of Canada's Cariboo Mountains. The area is hard to get to and even harder to travel through. It is covered with snow for much of the year.
The group told Catherine Hickson, a scientist who studies rocks, about the cave. Dr. Hickson got a team of researchers together to study it. In September, they went for a closer look after most of the snow melted (融化). The cave is one of the largest in Canada. Not only is the opening to the cave larger than a football field, the cave is also deep. The team couldn't measure (测量) all the way to the bottom, but they think it may be more than 180 meters deep. The cave is tens of thousands of years old. But the rock in the cave is made of used to be at the bottom of an ocean (海洋). It is hundreds of millions of years old.
A small, but fast river of melting snow leads into the cave on one side, creating a waterfall near the top and a river at the bottom. The water comes out again a long way away. The exit (出口) is about 2.1 kilometers away and about l/2 kilometer lower down.
The cave will have to wait to get an official name. For now, the cave is being called "Sarlacc's Pit "because it looks similar to the home of the Sarlacc, a person in the Star Wars movie Return of the Jedi.
For Dr. Hickson, there's a lesson to be learned from the cave. "It shows you that you don't know everything, "she says." There are things yet to be discovered."
12．Why did the cave remain unknown in the past?
A．It is in a wild mountain area. B．It has been there for just a few years.
C．Its opening is too small to be noticed. D．The weather there is cold all year round.
13．What are Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about?
A．The history of the cave. B．Some facts about the cave.
C．The value of studying the cave. D．The methods of studying the cave.
14．What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The snow. B．The river. C．The ocean. D．The rock.
15．The cave's name "Sarlace's Pit" has something to do with ________.
A．local culture B．its discoverers C．the way it looks D．the name of a film star
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Many people are well aware of the benefits of teaching our children to love reading. Less easy to do, however, is finding regular time to read with our children.___16___
Select a suitable time of day. The most suitable time of day is often bedtime but it might not be suitable for you. ___17___If reading a goodnight story at 8 pm has you yawning and trying hard to remain awake, perhaps a story before dinner, or a story in the afternoon will work out better. You need to direct this decision to make it fit in rather than miss it.
___18___Rather than try to go through five chapters of a large book each night, cut it down to two chapters. Rather than read five storybooks, cut it down to two. When the alternative is nothing at all, books with fewer chapters will be much preferred by your child.
Read loud together. When you have more than one child, make reading done together. If an older child who is able to read finds this “unfair” or “annoying”, you can let him read something that interests him and read it out loud to the family. Another way to engage more than one child is to read stories in turn and have each of them listen politely.___19___
Praise your children.___20___When your children read anything-be it the label off a cereal packet or a book, be sure to praise their reading at every chance you get. Thus, you are creating a reading culture in your family, which is an important way of helping children cope with their feelings and problems, as well as answering their curiosities, and developing their imagination.
A．Read every night.
B．It goes a long way.
C．Break down the reading if necessary.
D．Do remember a suitable time for reading varies among children.
E．Here is how you fit yourself in regular reading sessions with your children.
F．So it is important to take into account your availability throughout the day.
G．As a result, they will love hearing and be in favor of such group activity.
第二部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a sunny day. A city man was driving along a country road with a new wagon（马车）and a beautiful pair of horses. He didn’t pay a lot of___21___to where he was going. Pretty soon he___22___that he was lost, but he continued to drive, expecting to re-find his way or to___23___someone who could tell him how to get back to the___24___.
It was a long___25___road. For many ___26___he kept on driving. When it was almostdark ，he saw in a field a tall___27___ploughing（犁地） the land. He stopped his___28___team of horses near the fence and called out，“Hello，farmer.”
“Hello，yourself，”the farmer___29___，still ploughing .
“Where does the horse go？”he asked without knowing his language mistakes.
“I haven’t seen it go anywhere. It___30___stays right where it is，”said the farmer，withoutstopping his work.
“How far is it to the next town？” said the city man，speaking a little more___31___.
“Don’t know. I never ____32____it,” replied the farmer. By this time the city man was getting____33____“What do you know？You’re the biggest fool I ever saw.”
Finally stopping, the farmer turned and looked for a long time____34____at the city man. Then he said，“Maybe I don’t know much.____35____I am a fool. But at least I’m not lost！”
21．A．signs B．orders C．attention D．direction
22．A．realized B．recognized C．accepted D．received
23．A．miss B．meet C．look D．lose
24．A．town B．country C．capital D．village
25．A．lonely B．busy C．dirty D．crowded
26．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．years
27．A．driver B．policeman C．farmer D．worker
28．A．strong B．tired C．weak D．tiring
29．A．asked B．demanded C．replied D．ordered
30．A．always B．often C．sometimes D．seldom
31．A．politely B．friendly C．loudly D．angrily
32．A．judged B．measured C．saw D．studied
33．A．sad B．lovely C．friendly D．angry
34．A．gladly B．immediately C．silently D．excitedly
35．A．Generally B．Fortunately C．Certainly D．Perhaps
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year, more than 13 billion plastic bottles are sold in Britain. All of them ____36____ (use) only once, and only half of them are recycled.
Some think plastic bottles should be banned(明令禁止). ____37____ think they should be recycled. Others think a returning plan should be brought in to avoid the ____38____ (pollute) of rivers and seas. That is to say, people will get up to 20 pence back every time they return ____39____ bottle. A returning plan for bottles is already ____40____ (success) in Germany, where 98.5% of plastic bottles are returned.
____41____ (lucky), there are already signs that things are changing for the better. Last year, Selfridges stopped ____42____ (sell) single-use water bottles. London Zoo announced that it would also ban them. It sold 155,000 plastic bottles of water last year. Now it will sell only reusable plastic bottles, ____43____ can be filled by visitors from taps. Families visiting beaches this summer are being asked to take part in a plan called “Return To Offender”. The idea is ____44____ (post) plastic bottles and other litter they find back to the _____45_____ (company) that made them, using their freepost addresses.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46．你校正在组织英语作文大赛。请以“我最喜欢的诗人”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 人物简介；
2. 喜欢的原因。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
My favorite poet
There are many famous poets all over the world.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25 分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thirty years ago, Cayley was greatly surprised to find that she had a brother. She made up her mind to find him. Since then she refused to leave the home she grew up in, hoping that her brother would knock on the door one day. Little did Cayley know that her brother, Nick Rhoades, had been longing to do so, but only to walk away at the last minute. But thanks to the TV programme Long Lost Family, the pair have enjoyed an emotional reunion.
Cayley’s mum Jacqueline left the family when her daughter was only seven to start a new life in America. Cayley was brought up by her grandmother Victoria, who died in 2001, and she clearly remembered first finding out about her brother Nick. Cayley was quite angry with the fact that was covered up. So she was determined to find her brother no matter what difficulties she would meet with.
Many years later, Cayley, her husband, Colin, and their children were still staying in the house where she grew up because she always had hope that one day her brother would knock on the door. Her husband Colin was very understanding and even though they had two other houses to move to, they stayed in the same house. She never gave up hope.
Meanwhile, when Nick knew he was adopted, he did ask his parents questions and they told him everything they knew. His adoptive parents were so loving and his mum had adopted hundreds of children. Nick had been one of those lucky kids. He had lived a really very happy childhood. Sadly, when Nick was 18 his adoptive mum died of cancer. After several years, his adoptive father also died. Nick was extremely sad during that period of time. Once again, he became a poor orphan without parents, which led him to make the decision to find his birth mum Jacqueline.
Nick had been given his birth certificate (出生证) by his adoptive parents with an address on it.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Nick and his wife Sandra decided to find his mother’s house.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thankfully, Nick’s sister Cayley and Nick’s wife Sandra both turned to Long Lost Family for help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．A
本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了四种青少年学生可以参加的科学竞赛。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Clean Tech Competition research and design challenge asks students to find a problem with our natural world and resource use that they want to change, work out a solution and hand in a research paper to the judges.”（清洁技术竞赛的研究和设计挑战要求学生找到一个他们想要改变的自然世界和资源使用的问题，想出一个解决方案，并向评委提交一份研究论文。）可知，清洁技术竞赛着重于解决环境和资源使用问题。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“with the wining team from each heat progressing to the national final held later in March.”（每个小组赛的优胜者将进入3月下旬举行的全国决赛。）可知，TOTB的全国决赛在2023年3月举行。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Students are asked to create a three-minute video about any aspect of quantum science (量子科学) or technology . ”（学生们被要求制作一段三分钟的视频，内容涉及量子科学或技术的任何方面。）和第四段“Students can submit (提交) their project as a written or video report”（学生可以通过以书面或视频报告形式的形式提交项目）可知，最后两个竞赛都接受视频形式的参赛作品。故选A。
4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正在全球肆虐的新冠病毒产生变体的原因及其可能带来的挑战。
4．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“If any virus wants to enter our cell, it must figure out a way for its spike (触手) to hold tightly to the spike on the cell's surface.(任何病毒要想进入我们的细胞，它得设法把自己的触手紧紧地联结到细胞表面的触手上)”可知，it指代的是上文中所提到的virus“病毒”。故选A。
5． 主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“But every time the virus copies itself inside a cell, it has the chance of changing its spikes slightly.(但每次病毒在细胞内自我复制时，它都有可能轻微改变其触手)”及最后一句“However, once the virus hits upon a set of variations thatactually help the virus to connect more tightly to the cell or more quickly, a person’s cell gets infected more easily.(然而，一旦病毒碰到一系列变异，这些变异实际上可以帮助病毒与细胞更紧密或更快地连接，人的细胞就更容易被感染)”可知，本段主要是在解释不同的病毒变体为什么具有不同的传播能力。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“So even though some antibodies become less useful, others will get the job done—or at least, hold back the infection long enough so the body can make new antibodies that fit perfectly on the changed spike.(因此，即使一些抗体变得不那么有用，其他抗体也会完成任务，或者至少，将感染抑制足够长的时间，以便身体能够制造出新的抗体，完美地适应改变后的触手)”可知，旧抗体对新病毒变体的作用可能会减弱。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“To relieve our anxieties, we should have a look at our own cell and the original COVID-19 virus.(为了缓解我们的焦虑，我们应该看看自己的细胞和原始的COVID-19病毒)”及后文对COVID-19病毒变体的介绍可知，本文主要是简单介绍了新冠病毒产生的变体。因此“A Simple Guide to COVID-19 Variants(COVID-19变体的简明介绍)”适合作为本文标题。故选B。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D
试题分析:本文主要讲述虽然智能手机能让你无论在哪里，都能上网、 听音乐和拍照，但它也会让你变成一个工作狂。列举了一些科学研究和科学家的言论来说明。
8．细节理解题。排除法。选项A，从文中第三段．the average UK working day is between 9 and 10 hours英国人平均的工作时间是每天9到10个小时。故A错误；选项B，从文章第三段Almost one in ten admits spending up to three hours outside their normal working day checking work emails.几乎十分之一的人承认花费超出工作时间三个小时来检查工作邮件，故B错误；选项D，从文中第三段The average time for first checking emails is between 6 am and 7 am, 检查电子邮件的平均时间是6点和7点之间，故D错误。而选项C，从文中第三段a quarter checking them between 11 pm and midnight.四分之一的人检查邮件在11点到午夜12点。故选C。
9．词汇理解题。从文中第三段More than 90 percent of office workers have email-enabled phones, with a third accessing them more than 20 times a day.超过90%的办公室职员已经有能够接受邮件的手机,他们中有三分之一一天使用超过20多次。access原意是接近，利用；结合上下文也可判断它在这里的含义，应为使用手机查看电子邮件，与文章内容相符。故选B。
10．主旨分析题。从文中第一段作者提出手机除了给你带来很多便利之外，也能使你成为工作狂，接着作者例举研究：办公室职员们除了一天的固定工作时间外，还要另外花费2到3个小时来查看工作邮件；Ghadi Hobeika ,指出“智能手机意味着人们不能离开工作。我们愈经常接触的越多,就越期待我们的工作能力。”因此可以得出，智能手机有优点，有缺点，即每件事物都有两面性，故选A。
11．主旨理解题。结合全文，作者例举的研究：办公室职员们除了一天的固定工作时间外，还要另外花费2到3个小时来查看工作邮件；以及Ghadi Hobeika ,指出“智能手机意味着人们不能离开工作。我们愈经常接触的越多,就越期待我们的工作能力，故可知本文主要告诉我们智能手机给我们带来了很多额外工作。故选D。
考点：考察科普说明类阅读
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是2018年4月，一组加拿大科学家乘坐直升机发现了一个巨大的、未知的洞穴，其开口有一个足球场那么大。
12．细节理解题。由第二段中的“The cave was discovered in the northern part of Wells Gray Provincial Park, in a wild, faraway area of Canada's Cariboo Mountains. The area is hard to get to and even harder to travel through.(这个洞穴是在威尔斯格雷省公园的北部发现的，位于加拿大卡里布山脉的一个偏远的荒野地区。这个地区很难到达，甚至更难穿越)”可知，这个洞穴在一个荒山野地，因此一直未被发现。故选A。
13．主旨大意题。根据第四段的“A small, but fast river of melting snow leads into the cave on one side, creating a waterfall near the top and a river at the bottom. The water comes out again a long way away. The exit (出口) is about 2.1 kilometers away and about l/2 kilometer lower down.(融化的雪形成一条湍急的小河流，汇入洞穴的一侧，在靠近顶部的地方形成瀑布，在底部形成一条河流。水又从很远的地方流出来。出口大约是2.1公里远，再低1/2公里)”可知，第四、五两段主要介绍了这一洞穴的一些详细情况，如洞口的大小、洞穴的深度和年代以及洞内的小河等。故选B。
14．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“But the rock in the cave is made of used to be at the bottom of an ocean (海洋). It is hundreds of millions of years old.(但是山洞里的岩石是由曾经在海底的岩石组成的。它有数亿年的历史)”可知，It指代的是构成洞穴的岩石，即The rock，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“For now, the cave is being called "Sarlacc's Pit "because it looks similar to the home of the Sarlacc, a person in the Star Wars movie Return of the Jedi.(目前，这个洞穴被称为“萨拉克之坑”，因为它看起来像《星球大战》电影《绝地归来》中萨拉克的家)”可知，该洞穴被称为“Sarlacc's Pit”是与它的外观有关，因为它的外观与Sarlacc的家很像。故选C。
16．E 17．F 18．C 19．G 20．B
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与孩子一起阅读，并给出了相应的建议。
16．根据下文内容可知，下文具体介绍了与孩子定期阅读的方法，所以此处应介绍这是如何与孩子定期进行阅读的方法。E. Here is how you fit yourself in regular reading sessions with your children.(以下是你和孩子们定期阅读的方法)能够引领下文。故选E。
17．根据上文The most suitable time of day is often bedtime but it might not be suitable for you.(一天中最适合阅读的时间是睡前，但对家长来说可能不太适合)可知，此处应该讲述选择阅读时间的重要性。F. So it is important to take into account your availability throughout the day.(所以考虑到你一整天的可用性是很重要的)符合语境。故选F。
18．此处是段落主旨句。根据下文Rather than try to go through five chapters of a large book each night, cut it down to two chapters. Rather than read five storybooks, cut it down to two. (与其试图每晚读完一本大书的五章，不如把它缩减到两章。与其读五本故事书，不如把它减少到两本)可知，本段主要讲述了拆分阅读篇章这一方法。C. Break down the reading if necessary.(如有必要，可将阅读材料拆解)适合做本段主旨。故选C。
19．根据上文内容可知，上文讲述与多个孩子阅读时要声音洪亮，或者可以依次为他们阅读。结尾应使用总结性语言归纳概括。G. As a result, they will love hearing and be in favor of such group activity.(因此，他们会喜欢听，并支持这种群体活动)符合语境。故选G。
20．根据下文Thus, you are creating a reading culture in your family, which is an important way of helping children cope with their feelings and problems, as well as answering their curiosities, and developing their imagination.(因此，你在你的家庭中创造了一种阅读文化，这是帮助孩子处理他们的情感和问题，以及回答他们的好奇心和发展他们的想象力的一个重要方式)可以看出，表扬对于阅读中的孩子来说意义深远。B. It goes a long way.(它意义深远)符合语境，it指的是“Praise your children.”故选B。
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D
试题分析：本文叙述了一个城里人驾着有一对漂亮的马拉着的新马车，因为他没有注意走的方向，很快就迷路了，但是他还是继续向前走，希望碰见一个人问一下，可是他走的路是特别长又偏僻，当天快黑了的时候，他看见一个农民在地里犁地，两人有个不愉快的谈话，城里人非常生气，但是他还是没有问出道路怎么走。
21．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 signs标志； orders命令； attention注意； direction方向。pay attention to注意；他没太注意他走向哪里，故选C。
22．考查动词及上下文的呼应。realized意识到； recognized认出； accepted接受； received收到。很快他意识到他迷路了，故选A。
23．考查动词及上下文的呼应。miss错过； meet相见； look 看； lose失去。他继续向前走，希望重新找到路，或者遇见某个人提告诉他如何走回城镇，故选B。
24．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 town城镇； country乡村； capital首都； village 村庄。How far is it to the next town？故选A。
25．考查副词及上下文的呼应。 Lonely偏僻的，寂寞的； busy繁忙的； dirty脏的； crowded 拥挤的。For many __16__ he kept on driving.走了很长的路没有人，所以这条路是偏僻的，故选A。
26．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 seconds秒； minutes分钟； hours 小时； years年。根据It was a long 15 road.路长，所以用的时间长，故选C。
27．考查名词及上下文的呼应。 driver司机； policeman警察； farmer 农民； worker 工人。根据“Hello，farmer，可知应选C。
28．考查形容词及上下文的呼应。strong强壮的； tired累的； weak弱的； tiring 令人厌烦的。根据上文可知他已经走了好几个小时，所以马队也累了，故选B。
29．考查动词及上下文的呼应。asked问； demanded要求； replied回答； ordered命令。根据上下文可知城里来的人问，那么这个农民就回答，故选 C。
30．考查副词及上下文的呼应。 always一直； often经常； sometimes有时； seldom 很少。它一直呆在它呆的地方，故选A。
31．考查副词及上下文的呼应。politely礼貌地； friendly友好的； loudly大声地； angrily 生气地。城里的人问这里离下一个城镇多远，他说话有点大声，故选C。
32．考查动词及上下文的呼应。judged判断； measured测量； saw看见； studied 研究。这个农民说到：我不知道，我从没有测量过，故选B。
33．考查形容词及上下文的呼应。 sad伤心的； lovely可爱的； friendly友好的； angry生气的。但是这一次城里人变得有点生气了，故选 D。
34．考查副词及上下文的呼应。gladly高兴地； immediately立刻； silently静静地； excitedly兴奋地，激动地。最后这个农民停止了工作，他转过身静静地看了一会，故选C。
35．考查副词及上下文的呼应。generally通常；fortunately幸运地； certainly一定； perhaps也许。农民说：也许我是傻子，但是至少我没有迷路，故选D。
考点：故事类短文。
点评：在作题时最好将全文通读一下，了解了全文的大意以后再作题。看清上下文，找准定位词。充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语，有时用已了解的生活常识来确定答案。
36．are used 37．Some 38．pollution 39．a 40．successful 41．Luckily 42．selling 43．which 44．to post 45．companies
本文是一篇说明文。塑料污染是全球面临的一个非常严重的问题，英国目前正举全国之力解决这样的污染。
36．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：所有这些都只使用一次，只有一半被回收。全文的主体时态为一般现在时。All of them中的them指代上文plastic bottles，和use是动宾关系，再结合语境可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are used。
37．考查固定搭配。句意：一些人认为它们应该被回收。some...others...是固定搭配，意为“一些……另外一些……”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Some。
38．考查名词。句意：另一些人认为应该引入一个返回计划，以避免河流和海洋的污染。空处作avoid的宾语，且根据后面的of rivers and seas可知，应用名词形式pollution，不可数。故填pollution。
39．考查冠词。句意：也就是说，人们每次退一瓶酒，最多可以得到20便士的退款。bottle意为“瓶子”时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且bottle的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
40．考查形容词。句意：德国的塑料瓶回收计划已经取得了成功，98.5%的塑料瓶被回收。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，表示“成功的”应用形容词successful，故填successful。
41．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，已经有迹象表明情况正在向好的方向转变。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，表示“幸运的是”应用副词luckily，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，塞尔福里奇百货停止销售一次性水瓶。短语stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”，故填selling。
43．考查定语从句。句意：现在，它只出售可重复使用的塑料瓶，游客可以从水龙头里装瓶。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词reusable plastic bottles，且从句中缺少主语，故填which。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的想法是，用免费邮寄地址把他们找到的塑料瓶和其他垃圾寄回制造它们的公司。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作表语，说明主语idea的具体内容。故填to post。
45．考查名词的单复数。句意：他们的想法是，用免费邮寄地址把他们找到的塑料瓶和其他垃圾寄回制造它们的公司。company为可数名词，根据下文using their freepost addresses中的their可知，此处应用名词复数。故填companies。
46．One possible version：
My favorite poet
There are many famous poets all over the world. My favorite poet is Du Fu, one of the greatest Chinese poets.
Known as "the Sage of Poetry", Du Fu wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age. More importantly, Du Fu showed great concern over poor people's lives. Many of his poems reflected the great gap between the rich and the poor, and the effects of war on the people.
Du Fu's poems reflect realities and pay attention to common people's lives. That is why I like Du Fu most.
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“我最喜欢的诗人”为题，写一篇短文参赛，介绍这位诗人以及喜欢他的原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：famous → distinguished
更重要的是：More importantly → what’s more
影响：effects → influence
关注：pay attention to → focus on
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Known as "the Sage of Poetry", Du Fu wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age.
拓展句：Du Fu was known as "the Sage of Poetry", he wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age.
【点睛】【高分句型1】That is why I like Du Fu most.（运用了why引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】Known as "the Sage of Poetry", Du Fu wrote with a realistic style and gave a vivid account of what was happening in his age.（运用了非谓语结构和what引导的宾语从句）
47． Nick and his wife Sandra decided to find his mother’s house. It felt so strange that Nick knew it was exactly the house when they were approaching it. He had a feeling that he had been living here long long time ago. He was eager to knock at the door, but he stopped all of a sudden. His concern was that he might interrupt his mother. He didn’t want to go into the house directly and told her they were her son and daughter-in-law.
Thankfully, Nick’s sister Cayley and Nick’s wife Sandra both turned to Long Lost Family for help. Cayley wanted to find her little brother, and Sandra wanted to help her husband find about his mum. Cayley was asked lots of personal questions. She burst into tears when she knew they were about her brother. When they finally met, Nick knew it was exactly his sister. They were so alike, even their gestures or ways of speaking were the same. A month later, Nick was reunited with his mum, who flew back from America. They are always meeting up from then on.
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了失散多年的姐弟二人在 Long Lost Family节目的帮助下重逢的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Nick和他的妻子Sandra决定找到他母亲的房子。”可知，第一段可描写Nick和妻子寻找自己的姐姐和自家的老房子，以及见面时候的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“幸运的是，Nick的姐姐Cayley和尼克的妻子Sandra都向 Long Lost Family节目寻求帮助。”可知，第二段可描写在该节目的帮助下，节目在对当事人进行询问的情况以及弟弟与姐姐团聚时的场景。
2.续写线索：得知家中有个弟弟走散——姐姐决心寻找弟弟——与弟弟失之交臂——在Long Lost Family节目的帮助下和弟弟团聚——定期探望保持联系
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.接近：approach /get close to
②.进入：go into/enter
③.团聚：reunion /reunite/get together
情绪类
①.渴望，热情：be eager to do/be enthusiastic to do
②.大哭：burst into tears/burst out doing
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She burst into tears when she knew they were about her brother. （由连接词when引导的时间状语从句以）
[高分句型2]. A month later, Nick was reunited with his mum, who flew back from America.（由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）
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