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英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle优质课ppt课件
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这是一份英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle优质课ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了homework等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Reading and Thinking
Hw d yu think the peple feel in the pht?D yu think they are all leading a healthy lifestyle? Why r why nt?
Befre yu read, discuss these questins in grups.
Are bad habits easy t change? Why and why nt? What habits d yu think are unhealthy? What can yu d t crrect these bad habits?
1.Are bad habits easy t change? Why and why nt? 2.What habits d yu think are unhealthy? 3.What can yu d t crrect these bad habits?
N. Bad habits are hard t change because we are usually ding smething we really like，but we are ding it t much.
Unhealthy habits include smking，eating t much，playing t much n yur cmputer r phne，and nt ding enugh exercise.
I think peple can crrect these bad habits by thinking abut them mre and deciding they will feel better and happier if they stp them.
A Hw t change a bad habit and create gd nesB The cycle f hw habits are frmedC Habits that can help us study betterD Changing habits graduallyE N shrt cuts t changing bad habitsF What a habit isG Why bad teenage habits shuld be changed
Read the text and find ut what main ideas are included in it. Tick the crrect nes.
Habits fr a healthy lifestyle
Habits fr a Healthy LifestyleAs teenagers grw up, they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins. Hwever, during this perid, it can be easy fr sme f them t frm bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults. Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems. T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager's life is essential. They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: "We are what we repeatedly d." In many ways, ur lifestyle is the sum f chices we have made. We make a chice t d smething, and then we repeat it ver and ver again. Sn that chice becmes autmatic and frms a habit that is much harder t change. The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.
Accrding t mdem psychlgy, we must first learn abut the "habit cycle", which wrks like this:· Firstly, there is a "cue", an actin, event, r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething.· Secndly, there is a "rutine", the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.· Thirdly, there is the "reward", the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine.Fr example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lts f unhealthy snacks (rutine), which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed.
THE HABIT CYCLE
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. We can d this by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. Fr example, we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive. S, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead (rutine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead.
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits. Hwever, there is n "magic pill" r delete buttn that will help yu; yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
Many f us try t change bad habits quickly, and if we are nt successful straight away, we ften becme pessimistic and give up. In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, "A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step." One step seems small, but it is essential. T reach the gal f change, a persn must shw sme discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.
Hw t find the main idea f a paragraph?
♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣
Task Read the passage and match the main idea with the paragraph accrdingly.
F Why bad teenage habits shuld be changed
As teenagers grw up, they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins.
Hwever, during this perid, it can be easy fr sme f them t frm bad habits.
They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
“teenagers”
“must ... make changes”
Lk fr tpic sentence & standut sentence.
E N easy way t change bad habits
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.
Tpic sentence
Leading t the next paragraph
Lk fr tpic sentence.
Firstly, …Secndly, …Thirdly, …
B The cycle f hw habits are frmed
Accrding t mdern psychlgy, we must first learn abut the “habit cycle”, which wrks like this:
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. … Fr example, …
Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, …
Standut sentence
A Hw t change a bad habit and create gd nes
D Changing habits gradually
Lk fr “standut” sentence”.
In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time.
C Yung peple have the pwer t build a healthy life full f gd habits.
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits.
Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
“yung peple”
Lk fr tpic sentence .
Habits fr a healthy lifestyle:
cue, rutine and reward
✔ Main idea:
We shuld build a healthy life.
n easy way t change bad habits
hw t facilitate a psitive change in ur bad nes
change bad habits gradually
reasns why we shuld change bad habits
hw t change bad habits int gd nes
habit cycle
yung peple’s pwer
1. Hw can a chice lead t a habit?2.What are the three stages f the habit cycle?3. What shuld we d t change a bad habit?4. Hw can a persn use discipline t help change a bad habit?5. Will yu use the habit cycle t break yur bad habits? Why r why nt?
Read the text again and answer the questins.
A chice can lead t a habit if we make the same chice ver and ver again.
The three stages f the habit cycle are the cue，rutine，and reward.
T change a bad habit，we shuld examine ur habit cycles and then try t adapt them.
A persn can use discipline t change a bad habit by taking many small steps t reach the gal f change.
Yes. I will use the habit cycle t break my bad habit f using my phne t much because I want t spend mre time reading bks and playing sprts.
Wrk in grups. Cmplete the tasks. 1. Think f ne bad habit and write dwn the cue, rutine, and reward. Then cme up with an idea f hw t break the bad habit.2. D yu knw any alternative ways t better habits? Discuss with yur partner which way yu think is mst effective.
Bredm/Waiting/Being anxius
Biting nails
Stress relief/ Distractin
Break the habit：Chew gum，get a stress ball r fidget spinner t hld，wear glves r stickers n yur nails
Alternative ways t better habits：· Tell smene else what yu want t change. Peer pressure frm smene else will help.· Fine yurself. Every time yu d the bad habit，put a small amunt f mney in a bx.· Make it harder t d the habit. Fr example，hide yur favurite apps n yur phne s it is mre f a hassle t get t them.· Change yur envirnment. If the habit happens in certain places r with certain peple，avid them!
1. Recite new wrds and phrases.
2. Describe yur wn lifestyle
Ⅰ 阅读理解 （根据课文内容选择正确答案）1. Hw des a teenager prevent bad habits frm ruling his r her life?A. By becming mre independent.B. By making his r her wn decisins.C. By becming aware f bad habits and changing them prperly.D. By leaving them unchecked.2. Accrding t the secnd paragraph，we can learn that__________.A. with many attempts，changing bad habits is nt difficultB. we make a chice t d smething nce，then we will frm the habitC. nce a habit has frmed，yu will never get rid f itD. t frm a gd habit，yu need t repeat it many times
3. What’s the main idea f the third paragraph? A. Hw “habit cycle” wrks. B. What “cue” and “rutine” are. C. Hw the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. D. What we get frm the rutine. 4. What’s the purpse f the tw examples in the fifth paragraph? A. T tell us hw t change bad habits by adapting bad habit cycles. B. T tell us what we shuld d when we feel unhappy. C. T tell us what we shuld chse t d when we cme t an escalatr. D. T tell us hw t change bad habits quickly.
Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文） With teenagers grwing up，1 can be easy fr sme t frm bad habits. Fr example，sme f them may becme 2 （invlve） in tbacc r alchl abuse. If 3 （leave） unchecked，these bad habits culd lead t mre serius nes. T change harmful habits，teenagers must learn t understand hw habits wrk—the “habit cycle”. Then adapt the bad habit cycles by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles 4 ur wn psitive ideas. Dn’t try t change bad habits quickly，fr the mst successful way t change is ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi 5 （write），“A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” 6 （reach） the gal f change，a persn must shw sme discipline and 7___________（repeat） take many small steps. The gd news is 8 there is plenty f time fr yung peple t change bad habits. Hwever，there is n “magic pill” and yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme 9_________ （change）. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and 10 （health） life that is full f gd habits!
Ⅲ 概要写作 阅读课文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容 概要。
One pssible versin： Frming gd habits is beneficial t a teenager’s life.（要点1 ）But teenagers tend t frm bad habits，which culd d great harm t them. They have t becme aware f their bad habits early and change them prperly.（要点2） T ur jy，understanding the “habit cycle” helps with it. What we need t d is check ur bad habit cycles and then change them.（要点3）D remember getting rid f bad habits wn’t happen all f a sudden but needs a lng time f self-discipline.（要点4）
教材原句p.14These bad habits，if left unchecked，culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults. 如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
1 lead t （1）导致，造成（= result in/cntribute t） Sme peple suspect that air pllutin has led t this kind f disease. 有些人怀疑空气污染导致了这种疾病。［词汇复现］ （2）通向，通往The path leads t a dairy. 这条小路通向一家牛奶场。［词汇复现］ All rads lead t Rme.（谚）条条大道通罗马。 【归纳拓展】 lead sb. t d sth. 导致某人做某事lead sb. t sme place 领某人到某地lead/live 过着……的生活
单句语法填空（1）War never settles anything. It nly leads vilence. （2）When he was yung，his bad eating habits and lack f exercise （lead） t health prblems. （3）Her wrds led everyne （think） that he was a thief. 完成句子（4）Last week，his carelessness （导致） his failing the exam.
led t/cntributed t/ resulted in
教材原句p.14Fr example，sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse... 例如，一些青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒……
2 becme invlved in 卷入，陷入；参与；与……有关联（becme 可以用be/get 代替） I dn’t want t becme invlved in the arguments abut whse fault it is. 我不想卷入这是谁之过错的争论中。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 invlve ding sth. 包括/ 需要做某事invlve sb. in... 使某人参与…… Running yur wn firm usually invlves wrking lng hurs. 经营自己的公司通常需要长时间工作。［词汇复现］ Parents shuld invlve themselves in strengthening their children’s educatin. 父母应该参与加强孩子的教育。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）There is a new prblem （invlve） in the ppularity f private cars. （2）Michelle fund a jb as a high schl teacher which invlves （spend） quite a lt f time with students. （3）I prefer teaching methds that actively invlve students learning. 完成句子（4）His sn （参与）the case last mnth.
became/was/gt invlved in
3 abuse n. & vt. （1）/əˈbjuːs/ n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 abuse f pwer 滥用职权 alchl/drug abuse 酗酒 / 嗜毒 The tutr shuldn’t becme a target f yur abuse. 导师不应该成为你辱骂的对象。［词汇复现］ （2）/əˈbjuːz/ vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 He abused his pwer t help his sn becme qualified. 他滥用职权帮助儿子取得资格。［词汇复现］ Little Jhn’s stepmther was unkind t him. Furthermre，she abused him. 小约翰的继母对他不好，而且虐待他。［词汇复现］
完成句子（1）His plitical reputatin was ruined by his （滥用职权）. （2）T ur srrw，it was （酗酒） that ruined his fitness and his life. （3）Williams （滥用职务）as mayr t give jbs t his friends. （4）He was accused f （虐待妻子） last week.
abuse f pwer
alchl abuse
abused his psitin
abusing his wife
教材原句p.14T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential.防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。
4 prevent...（frm） ding sth.阻止……做某事（frm 可省略） His back injury may prevent him（frm）participating in tmrrw’s activity. 他的背伤可能使他不能参加明天的活动。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 stp sb./sth.（frm）ding sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事keep sb./sth. frm ding sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事
【误区警示】 （ 1）prevent/stp... frm ding sth. 用于主动句时，frm 可以省略， 但是变为被动语态时 frm 不可省略。Her parents prevented/stpped her（frm）subscribing t such a magazine. 她的父母不让她订阅这样一本杂志。［词汇复现］ → She was prevented/stpped frm subscribing t such a magazine. （2）keep... frm ding sth. 阻止……做某事（frm 不可省略） keep... ding sth. 让……一直做某事The judges kept the applicants waiting utside fr a lng time befre annuncing the result. 评委们让申请人在外面等了很长时间才宣布结果。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）Generally，parents dn’t permit their kids t d dangerus things，and thus prevent them ____________（take）a chance. （2）The gvernment has t clse thse factries t prevent the water f the river frm ________ （pllute）. （3）We （prevent） by the frightening sandstrm frm ging t schl yesterday. 完成句子（4）Unless we get mre mney，we’ll （被阻止完成）this prject. （5）I’m srry t have （让你等） fr such a lng time.
being plluted
were prevented
be prevented/stpped/kept frm finishing
kept yu waiting
教材原句p.14Secndly，there is a “rutine”，the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。
5 in respnse t 回答；答复 In respnse t the residents’ great demand，the initiative will be launched in ur cmmunity. 应广大居民的要求，我们将在社区内发起这一倡议。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 respnd vi. 回答；做出反应respnd t 回复，回答；对……做出回应/ 反应（= make a respnse t） respnd with a smile报以微笑 He recalled that she never respnded t his letter. 他回忆说她从来没有给他回过信。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）The prduct was develped in respnse custmer demand. （2）He respnded my ffer a laugh. 完成句子（3）These cmments came （答复） specific questins ften asked by lcal newsmen. （4）He （没有回答） my questin，and went n with his mvie.
in respnse t
made n respnse t/didn’t respnd t
教材原句p.14Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine.第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。
6 reward n. & vt. （1）n. ［C，U］回报；奖励；报酬in reward（fr） 作为（对……的）回报搭配a reward fr（ding） sth. 因（做）某事而获得的奖励give /ffer a reward t sb. fr sth. 为某事而给某人奖励He received a medal in reward fr his findings. 他因他的发现而获得一枚奖章。［词汇复现］ （2）vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬搭配 reward sb. with sth. 用某物奖励某人 reward sb. fr（ding） sth. 因为（做）某事而奖励某人The cmpany rewarded the astrnmer with a jurney t China last year. 这家公司去年奖励这位天文学家一次中国之旅。［词汇复现］ He gave his sn a mdel telescpe t reward him fr behaving well. 他送给儿子一个望远镜模型，作为对他的良好表现的奖励。［词汇复现］
【词语辨析】reward，prize 与 award （ 1）reward 作名词时，多指对某人的工作或服务的回报、报酬；作 动词时，表示“报答，酬谢”。（2）prize 作名词时，多指在比赛、竞赛或抽奖中获得的奖；作动词时， 表示“珍视，高度重视”。（ 3）award 作名词时，多指官方颁发的奖品、资金，强调荣誉；作动 词时，表示“授予，颁发”。
单句语法填空 （1）The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will （reward）with success in the end. （2）The bss decided t give a reward t him his psitive attitude twards wrk. （3）The girl rewarded him a smile fr his help. （4）［2020·浙江卷］It is （reward）t try new things. 选词填空（reward/prize/award） （5）Anyne wh can find my lst dg and return it t me can receive a ＄500 . （6）The Scttish girl with blue eyes wn first in the Fifth Chinese Speech Cntest. （7）His mvie wn several at the film festival，which was beynd his wildest dream.
be rewarded
rewarding 值得做的；有益的。句意：尝试新事物是有益的。
教材原句p.15 bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. . ……形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。
7 rely n/upn 依赖；依靠；信赖（= depend n/upn） 搭配rely n sb./sth. t d sth. 依靠或信赖某人/ 某物做某事 rely n it that... 相信……，指望……（= depend n it that...） We shuld rely n all the students t help the depressed student. 我们应依靠所有同学来帮助这个抑郁的学生。［词汇复现］ Yu may rely n it that she can achieve her ambitin. 你可以相信她能实现抱负。［词汇复现］ 【学法点拨】 rely n 后跟从句时，须先接it 再接that 从句，即rely n it that...。
单句语法填空（1）It’s nt wise always t rely thers’ help. （2）We shuld rely n that every-thing will g well. （3）Mst wrking wmen rely n parents （help） lk after their children. 完成句子（4）Yu can （相信我保守） yur secret.
rely n me t keep
教材原句p.15 must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. ……我们必须首先审视我们的不良习惯循环，然后尝试去改变它们。
8 examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验 The medical team cnsists f twelve peple，wh are busy examining the patients every day. 医疗队由十二人组成，他们每天忙着给病人检查身体。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 examinatin n. 检查；审查；考试（= exam） fail an examinatin 考试不及格take/sit/d an examinatin 参加考试a medical examinatin 体格检查
【词语辨析】examine，inspect 与 check （ 1）examine指仔细检查、检验，以确认有无问题或找出问题所在， 还可指查体。The by shut his muth tightly t prevent the dentist frm examining his teeth. 男孩紧紧地闭上嘴，不让牙医检查他的牙齿。［词汇复现］ （2）inspect 指检查、查看，确保一切正常；视察（学校、工厂等）。I gt ut f the car t inspect the bstructin. 我下车去检查障碍物。［词汇复现］ （3）check 指检查、核查，以确保正确、正常和安全。Check yur hmewrk befre handing it in. 交作业前先检查一下。
单句语法填空（1）It is necessary （examine） hw the prpsals can be carried ut. （2）The issue needs further （examine）.完成句子（3）Tmrrw，we’ll （参加考试）. The teacher will ______________（测试我们）in grammar. I’m wrried that I will （考试不及格）. 选词填空（inspect/examine/check） （4）The dctr the patient carefully but culd find nthing wrng. （5）I want t with my secretary befre I sign the papers. （6）The mayr will ur schl tmrrw.
examinatin
take/sit/d an examinatin
fail the examinatin
教材原句p.15Fr example，we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive.例如，我们可以努力将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。
9 用……代替…… He replaced the riginal editin with an adaptatin，which made the directr angry. 他把原版换成了改编版，这让导演很生气。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 “代替”的其他表达： （1）动词短语：take the place f/take ne’s place （2）介词短语：instead f/in place f Abve all，sme new facilities will take the place f the ld nes. 最重要的是，一些新的设备将代替旧的。［词汇复现］ He has the cmpetence t teach the children in place f his mther. 他有能力代替他母亲教孩子们。［词汇复现］
完成句子（1）It is still under discussin whether the ld bus statin shuld _________________________ （被……取代） a mdern htel r nt. （2）The factry mst f its wrkers （用……代替……）rbts. （3）It will be difficult t find a man t （代替）the present manager，wh is highly thught f. （4）There is smething wrng with my bike，s I decide t use a new ne_______________ （代替） it.
be replaced with
take the place f
in place f
教材原句p.15 we are nt successful straight away，we ften becme pessimistic and give up. ……一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。
10 straight away 立即；马上I phned my mther straight away t ask abut the recipe. 我马上打电话给我母亲询问配方。［词汇复现］ 【学法点拨】 “立刻，马上”的其他表达： immediately/instantly/directly in n time at nce right away/right nw
【归纳拓展】 cme/get straight t the pint 直奔主题/ 开门见山g straight hme 直接回家 G straight n! 一直往前走！ earn/get straight A’s 得全优成绩 get sth. straight（口语）弄清楚某事I’ll cme straight t the pint regardless f yur dissatisfactin. 不管你有什么不满意的地方，我都会直入主题。［词汇复现］
完成句子（1）Please g ut f the huse （立刻） when a fire breaks ut. （2）I’ll （直奔主题）— yur wrk isn’t gd enugh. （3）I felt very tired when I gt hme，and I （直接去睡觉了）. （4）Please （径直沿着…… 走） the street，and yu’ll find the frnt dr f the park. （5）［词汇复现］Generally speaking，Lily （得全优成绩） in every exam.
straight away
cme straight t the pint
went straight t bed
g straight alng
earns/gets straight A’s
11 pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的 搭配：be pessimistic abut... 对……持悲观态度We are pessimistic abut the lamb’s chances f recvery. 我们对小羔羊的康复可能性很不乐观。［词汇复现］ They appeared surprisingly pessimistic abut their chances f winning. 他们对胜利的可能性显得出奇地悲观。【学法点拨】 在阅读理解中，经常考查作者对文中某一事物或现象的观点态度。ptimistic 乐观的 pessimistic 悲观的 negative 消极的bjective 客观的 supprtive 支持的 dubtful 感到怀疑的She fund a stable jb and was ptimistic abut her future. 她找到了一份稳定的工作，并对未来持乐观态度。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）His bad perfrmance in the jb interview left me pessimistic his future. 完成句子（2）Everybdy （悲观） as there is little pssibility that we will win the game. （3）Peple are likely t live unhappily if they （对生活持悲观态度）.
is pessimistic
are pessimistic abut life
教材原句p.15 have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. ……你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。
12 decide n 决定，选定（= decide upn） Finally，the mther decided n the interventin in her children’s quarrel. 最后，母亲决定介入孩子们的争吵。［词汇复现］ We have decided n a prper place fr the husehld t live in. 我们已选定一个合适的地方让这家人住。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 “做出决定”的其他表达： decide/determine t d sth. 决定做某事（动作） be determined t d sth. 决定做某事（状态） make a decisin 做出决定cme t/arrive at/reach a decisin（反复考虑后）做出决定make up ne’s mind 做出决定；下定决心If yu are determined t succeed，please grasp the pprtunity ffered by ur cmpany. 如果你决心要成功，请抓住我们公司提供的机会。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）I’ve decided blue fr the bath-rm. 完成句子（2）Since ur cuntry has s many gd table tennis players，we have t （选定）the best nes t take part in the game. （3）［词汇复现］He gave up the chance t g abrad and （决定保卫） the brders f ur cuntry. （4）The cmmittee is due t （做出决定）this week.
decide n/upn
decided/determined t defend
make a decisin/cme t a decisin/arrive at a decisin/reach a decisin
教材原句p.14As teenagers grw up，they becme mre independent... 在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立……
【句式分析】本句是复合句，as teenagers grw up是时间状语从句，as 意为“随着”。1 as 引导时间状语从句 As time went n，he gt used t living with his hst family and felt at hme. 随着时间的推移，他习惯了跟寄宿家庭生活在一起，不感到拘束了。［词汇复现］ 【用法比较】 随着时间的推移： （1）as time ges by：as 引导时间状语从句。（2）with time ging by：with 复合结构，with + 名词+ 现在分词。
单句语法填空（1）As the ppulatin （increase）， mre land is needed. （2）With the ppulatin （increase）， mre land is needed. 完成句子（3） （随着时间的推移），I develped a preference fr sprts.
increases
As time went by/With time ging by
教材原句p.14These bad habits，if left unchecked，culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults.如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
【句式分析】本句是复合句。if left unchecked 是条件状语从句的省 略，if 后面省略了they are。2 状语从句的省略（1）可以省略成分的状语从句：时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句等。（2）状语从句省略成分的条件：从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语是 it；从句谓语含有 be，包括系动词 be、进行时态的be 或被动语态的 be。（ 3）常见的连词有：when，while，nce，befre，till/until，whenever； if，unless；thugh/althugh；as，as if 等。
（ 4）状语从句省略成分后的常见类型：连词+ 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语/ 形容词。If invlved in this case，yu will be punished. 如果卷入这件事，你将受到惩罚。（省略yu are）［词汇复现］ If necessary，yu can chse me t make the presentatin. 如果有必 要的话，你可以选择我来做这个报告。（省略it is）［词汇复现］ （5）以下为约定俗成的省略形式： if s 如果是这样的话 if nt 如果不是这样；否则if ever 如果曾经有的话 if any 如果有的话if/when necessary 如果有必要的话/ 在必要的时候if/when pssible 如果可能的话/ 在可能的时候
单句语法填空（1）Thugh （anny） at Tm’s wrds，she frced a smile. （2）There are sme health prblems that，when nt （treat） in time，can becme bigger nes later n. （3）［2020· 天津卷］Harriet Stwe，mther f six，wrte parts f Uncle Tm’s Cabin while _______ （ck）. （4）If （accept）fr the jb，yu’ll be infrmed sn. （5）I’m interested in the music club and I’d like t jin it pssible. 完成句子（6） （如果可能）， I will learn t carve. （7）［词汇复现］ （必要的时候），I will step ut f my cmfrt zne.
Harriet Stwe 与ck 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。while cking 补充完整为while she was cking。句意：哈里特• 斯托是六个孩子的母亲，她在做饭时写下了《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的部分内容。
If pssible
When necessary
Reading and Thinking
Hw d yu think the peple feel in the pht?D yu think they are all leading a healthy lifestyle? Why r why nt?
Befre yu read, discuss these questins in grups.
Are bad habits easy t change? Why and why nt? What habits d yu think are unhealthy? What can yu d t crrect these bad habits?
1.Are bad habits easy t change? Why and why nt? 2.What habits d yu think are unhealthy? 3.What can yu d t crrect these bad habits?
N. Bad habits are hard t change because we are usually ding smething we really like，but we are ding it t much.
Unhealthy habits include smking，eating t much，playing t much n yur cmputer r phne，and nt ding enugh exercise.
I think peple can crrect these bad habits by thinking abut them mre and deciding they will feel better and happier if they stp them.
A Hw t change a bad habit and create gd nesB The cycle f hw habits are frmedC Habits that can help us study betterD Changing habits graduallyE N shrt cuts t changing bad habitsF What a habit isG Why bad teenage habits shuld be changed
Read the text and find ut what main ideas are included in it. Tick the crrect nes.
Habits fr a healthy lifestyle
Habits fr a Healthy LifestyleAs teenagers grw up, they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins. Hwever, during this perid, it can be easy fr sme f them t frm bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults. Fr example, sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse, which can lead t physical and mental health prblems. T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager's life is essential. They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famus saying based n the philsphy f Aristtle: "We are what we repeatedly d." In many ways, ur lifestyle is the sum f chices we have made. We make a chice t d smething, and then we repeat it ver and ver again. Sn that chice becmes autmatic and frms a habit that is much harder t change. The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.
Accrding t mdem psychlgy, we must first learn abut the "habit cycle", which wrks like this:· Firstly, there is a "cue", an actin, event, r situatin that acts as a signal t d smething.· Secndly, there is a "rutine", the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.· Thirdly, there is the "reward", the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine.Fr example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lts f unhealthy snacks (rutine), which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed.
THE HABIT CYCLE
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. We can d this by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. Fr example, we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive. S, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we culd listen t sme f ur favurite music instead (rutine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, when we cme t an escalatr (cue), ur nrmal rutine is t ride it, but we culd change this rutine int smething mre psitive by taking the stairs instead.
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits. Hwever, there is n "magic pill" r delete buttn that will help yu; yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
Many f us try t change bad habits quickly, and if we are nt successful straight away, we ften becme pessimistic and give up. In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi wrte, "A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step." One step seems small, but it is essential. T reach the gal f change, a persn must shw sme discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is nt easy t break bad habits.
Hw t find the main idea f a paragraph?
♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣
Task Read the passage and match the main idea with the paragraph accrdingly.
F Why bad teenage habits shuld be changed
As teenagers grw up, they becme mre independent and start making their wn decisins.
Hwever, during this perid, it can be easy fr sme f them t frm bad habits.
They must learn t recgnise bad habits early and make apprpriate changes.
“teenagers”
“must ... make changes”
Lk fr tpic sentence & standut sentence.
E N easy way t change bad habits
T change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
The gd news is that we can change, if we understand hw habits wrk.
Tpic sentence
Leading t the next paragraph
Lk fr tpic sentence.
Firstly, …Secndly, …Thirdly, …
B The cycle f hw habits are frmed
Accrding t mdern psychlgy, we must first learn abut the “habit cycle”, which wrks like this:
T facilitate a psitive change in ur bad habits, we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. … Fr example, …
Aside frm changing bad habits, we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits. Fr example, …
Standut sentence
A Hw t change a bad habit and create gd nes
D Changing habits gradually
Lk fr “standut” sentence”.
In fact, the mst successful way t change is nt suddenly, but ver a perid f time.
C Yung peple have the pwer t build a healthy life full f gd habits.
Fr yung peple, there is plenty f time t change bad habits.
Yu have the pwer t build a happy and healthy life full f gd habits!
“yung peple”
Lk fr tpic sentence .
Habits fr a healthy lifestyle:
cue, rutine and reward
✔ Main idea:
We shuld build a healthy life.
n easy way t change bad habits
hw t facilitate a psitive change in ur bad nes
change bad habits gradually
reasns why we shuld change bad habits
hw t change bad habits int gd nes
habit cycle
yung peple’s pwer
1. Hw can a chice lead t a habit?2.What are the three stages f the habit cycle?3. What shuld we d t change a bad habit?4. Hw can a persn use discipline t help change a bad habit?5. Will yu use the habit cycle t break yur bad habits? Why r why nt?
Read the text again and answer the questins.
A chice can lead t a habit if we make the same chice ver and ver again.
The three stages f the habit cycle are the cue，rutine，and reward.
T change a bad habit，we shuld examine ur habit cycles and then try t adapt them.
A persn can use discipline t change a bad habit by taking many small steps t reach the gal f change.
Yes. I will use the habit cycle t break my bad habit f using my phne t much because I want t spend mre time reading bks and playing sprts.
Wrk in grups. Cmplete the tasks. 1. Think f ne bad habit and write dwn the cue, rutine, and reward. Then cme up with an idea f hw t break the bad habit.2. D yu knw any alternative ways t better habits? Discuss with yur partner which way yu think is mst effective.
Bredm/Waiting/Being anxius
Biting nails
Stress relief/ Distractin
Break the habit：Chew gum，get a stress ball r fidget spinner t hld，wear glves r stickers n yur nails
Alternative ways t better habits：· Tell smene else what yu want t change. Peer pressure frm smene else will help.· Fine yurself. Every time yu d the bad habit，put a small amunt f mney in a bx.· Make it harder t d the habit. Fr example，hide yur favurite apps n yur phne s it is mre f a hassle t get t them.· Change yur envirnment. If the habit happens in certain places r with certain peple，avid them!
1. Recite new wrds and phrases.
2. Describe yur wn lifestyle
Ⅰ 阅读理解 （根据课文内容选择正确答案）1. Hw des a teenager prevent bad habits frm ruling his r her life?A. By becming mre independent.B. By making his r her wn decisins.C. By becming aware f bad habits and changing them prperly.D. By leaving them unchecked.2. Accrding t the secnd paragraph，we can learn that__________.A. with many attempts，changing bad habits is nt difficultB. we make a chice t d smething nce，then we will frm the habitC. nce a habit has frmed，yu will never get rid f itD. t frm a gd habit，yu need t repeat it many times
3. What’s the main idea f the third paragraph? A. Hw “habit cycle” wrks. B. What “cue” and “rutine” are. C. Hw the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. D. What we get frm the rutine. 4. What’s the purpse f the tw examples in the fifth paragraph? A. T tell us hw t change bad habits by adapting bad habit cycles. B. T tell us what we shuld d when we feel unhappy. C. T tell us what we shuld chse t d when we cme t an escalatr. D. T tell us hw t change bad habits quickly.
Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文） With teenagers grwing up，1 can be easy fr sme t frm bad habits. Fr example，sme f them may becme 2 （invlve） in tbacc r alchl abuse. If 3 （leave） unchecked，these bad habits culd lead t mre serius nes. T change harmful habits，teenagers must learn t understand hw habits wrk—the “habit cycle”. Then adapt the bad habit cycles by cmbining the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles 4 ur wn psitive ideas. Dn’t try t change bad habits quickly，fr the mst successful way t change is ver a perid f time. As the Chinese philspher La Zi 5 （write），“A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” 6 （reach） the gal f change，a persn must shw sme discipline and 7___________（repeat） take many small steps. The gd news is 8 there is plenty f time fr yung peple t change bad habits. Hwever，there is n “magic pill” and yu have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme 9_________ （change）. Yu have the pwer t build a happy and 10 （health） life that is full f gd habits!
Ⅲ 概要写作 阅读课文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容 概要。
One pssible versin： Frming gd habits is beneficial t a teenager’s life.（要点1 ）But teenagers tend t frm bad habits，which culd d great harm t them. They have t becme aware f their bad habits early and change them prperly.（要点2） T ur jy，understanding the “habit cycle” helps with it. What we need t d is check ur bad habit cycles and then change them.（要点3）D remember getting rid f bad habits wn’t happen all f a sudden but needs a lng time f self-discipline.（要点4）
教材原句p.14These bad habits，if left unchecked，culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults. 如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
1 lead t （1）导致，造成（= result in/cntribute t） Sme peple suspect that air pllutin has led t this kind f disease. 有些人怀疑空气污染导致了这种疾病。［词汇复现］ （2）通向，通往The path leads t a dairy. 这条小路通向一家牛奶场。［词汇复现］ All rads lead t Rme.（谚）条条大道通罗马。 【归纳拓展】 lead sb. t d sth. 导致某人做某事lead sb. t sme place 领某人到某地lead/live 过着……的生活
单句语法填空（1）War never settles anything. It nly leads vilence. （2）When he was yung，his bad eating habits and lack f exercise （lead） t health prblems. （3）Her wrds led everyne （think） that he was a thief. 完成句子（4）Last week，his carelessness （导致） his failing the exam.
led t/cntributed t/ resulted in
教材原句p.14Fr example，sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse... 例如，一些青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒……
2 becme invlved in 卷入，陷入；参与；与……有关联（becme 可以用be/get 代替） I dn’t want t becme invlved in the arguments abut whse fault it is. 我不想卷入这是谁之过错的争论中。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 invlve ding sth. 包括/ 需要做某事invlve sb. in... 使某人参与…… Running yur wn firm usually invlves wrking lng hurs. 经营自己的公司通常需要长时间工作。［词汇复现］ Parents shuld invlve themselves in strengthening their children’s educatin. 父母应该参与加强孩子的教育。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）There is a new prblem （invlve） in the ppularity f private cars. （2）Michelle fund a jb as a high schl teacher which invlves （spend） quite a lt f time with students. （3）I prefer teaching methds that actively invlve students learning. 完成句子（4）His sn （参与）the case last mnth.
became/was/gt invlved in
3 abuse n. & vt. （1）/əˈbjuːs/ n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 abuse f pwer 滥用职权 alchl/drug abuse 酗酒 / 嗜毒 The tutr shuldn’t becme a target f yur abuse. 导师不应该成为你辱骂的对象。［词汇复现］ （2）/əˈbjuːz/ vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 He abused his pwer t help his sn becme qualified. 他滥用职权帮助儿子取得资格。［词汇复现］ Little Jhn’s stepmther was unkind t him. Furthermre，she abused him. 小约翰的继母对他不好，而且虐待他。［词汇复现］
完成句子（1）His plitical reputatin was ruined by his （滥用职权）. （2）T ur srrw，it was （酗酒） that ruined his fitness and his life. （3）Williams （滥用职务）as mayr t give jbs t his friends. （4）He was accused f （虐待妻子） last week.
abuse f pwer
alchl abuse
abused his psitin
abusing his wife
教材原句p.14T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential.防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。
4 prevent...（frm） ding sth.阻止……做某事（frm 可省略） His back injury may prevent him（frm）participating in tmrrw’s activity. 他的背伤可能使他不能参加明天的活动。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 stp sb./sth.（frm）ding sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事keep sb./sth. frm ding sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事
【误区警示】 （ 1）prevent/stp... frm ding sth. 用于主动句时，frm 可以省略， 但是变为被动语态时 frm 不可省略。Her parents prevented/stpped her（frm）subscribing t such a magazine. 她的父母不让她订阅这样一本杂志。［词汇复现］ → She was prevented/stpped frm subscribing t such a magazine. （2）keep... frm ding sth. 阻止……做某事（frm 不可省略） keep... ding sth. 让……一直做某事The judges kept the applicants waiting utside fr a lng time befre annuncing the result. 评委们让申请人在外面等了很长时间才宣布结果。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）Generally，parents dn’t permit their kids t d dangerus things，and thus prevent them ____________（take）a chance. （2）The gvernment has t clse thse factries t prevent the water f the river frm ________ （pllute）. （3）We （prevent） by the frightening sandstrm frm ging t schl yesterday. 完成句子（4）Unless we get mre mney，we’ll （被阻止完成）this prject. （5）I’m srry t have （让你等） fr such a lng time.
being plluted
were prevented
be prevented/stpped/kept frm finishing
kept yu waiting
教材原句p.14Secndly，there is a “rutine”，the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。
5 in respnse t 回答；答复 In respnse t the residents’ great demand，the initiative will be launched in ur cmmunity. 应广大居民的要求，我们将在社区内发起这一倡议。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 respnd vi. 回答；做出反应respnd t 回复，回答；对……做出回应/ 反应（= make a respnse t） respnd with a smile报以微笑 He recalled that she never respnded t his letter. 他回忆说她从来没有给他回过信。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）The prduct was develped in respnse custmer demand. （2）He respnded my ffer a laugh. 完成句子（3）These cmments came （答复） specific questins ften asked by lcal newsmen. （4）He （没有回答） my questin，and went n with his mvie.
in respnse t
made n respnse t/didn’t respnd t
教材原句p.14Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine.第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。
6 reward n. & vt. （1）n. ［C，U］回报；奖励；报酬in reward（fr） 作为（对……的）回报搭配a reward fr（ding） sth. 因（做）某事而获得的奖励give /ffer a reward t sb. fr sth. 为某事而给某人奖励He received a medal in reward fr his findings. 他因他的发现而获得一枚奖章。［词汇复现］ （2）vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬搭配 reward sb. with sth. 用某物奖励某人 reward sb. fr（ding） sth. 因为（做）某事而奖励某人The cmpany rewarded the astrnmer with a jurney t China last year. 这家公司去年奖励这位天文学家一次中国之旅。［词汇复现］ He gave his sn a mdel telescpe t reward him fr behaving well. 他送给儿子一个望远镜模型，作为对他的良好表现的奖励。［词汇复现］
【词语辨析】reward，prize 与 award （ 1）reward 作名词时，多指对某人的工作或服务的回报、报酬；作 动词时，表示“报答，酬谢”。（2）prize 作名词时，多指在比赛、竞赛或抽奖中获得的奖；作动词时， 表示“珍视，高度重视”。（ 3）award 作名词时，多指官方颁发的奖品、资金，强调荣誉；作动 词时，表示“授予，颁发”。
单句语法填空 （1）The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will （reward）with success in the end. （2）The bss decided t give a reward t him his psitive attitude twards wrk. （3）The girl rewarded him a smile fr his help. （4）［2020·浙江卷］It is （reward）t try new things. 选词填空（reward/prize/award） （5）Anyne wh can find my lst dg and return it t me can receive a ＄500 . （6）The Scttish girl with blue eyes wn first in the Fifth Chinese Speech Cntest. （7）His mvie wn several at the film festival，which was beynd his wildest dream.
be rewarded
rewarding 值得做的；有益的。句意：尝试新事物是有益的。
教材原句p.15 bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed. . ……形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。
7 rely n/upn 依赖；依靠；信赖（= depend n/upn） 搭配rely n sb./sth. t d sth. 依靠或信赖某人/ 某物做某事 rely n it that... 相信……，指望……（= depend n it that...） We shuld rely n all the students t help the depressed student. 我们应依靠所有同学来帮助这个抑郁的学生。［词汇复现］ Yu may rely n it that she can achieve her ambitin. 你可以相信她能实现抱负。［词汇复现］ 【学法点拨】 rely n 后跟从句时，须先接it 再接that 从句，即rely n it that...。
单句语法填空（1）It’s nt wise always t rely thers’ help. （2）We shuld rely n that every-thing will g well. （3）Mst wrking wmen rely n parents （help） lk after their children. 完成句子（4）Yu can （相信我保守） yur secret.
rely n me t keep
教材原句p.15 must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then try t adapt them. ……我们必须首先审视我们的不良习惯循环，然后尝试去改变它们。
8 examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验 The medical team cnsists f twelve peple，wh are busy examining the patients every day. 医疗队由十二人组成，他们每天忙着给病人检查身体。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 examinatin n. 检查；审查；考试（= exam） fail an examinatin 考试不及格take/sit/d an examinatin 参加考试a medical examinatin 体格检查
【词语辨析】examine，inspect 与 check （ 1）examine指仔细检查、检验，以确认有无问题或找出问题所在， 还可指查体。The by shut his muth tightly t prevent the dentist frm examining his teeth. 男孩紧紧地闭上嘴，不让牙医检查他的牙齿。［词汇复现］ （2）inspect 指检查、查看，确保一切正常；视察（学校、工厂等）。I gt ut f the car t inspect the bstructin. 我下车去检查障碍物。［词汇复现］ （3）check 指检查、核查，以确保正确、正常和安全。Check yur hmewrk befre handing it in. 交作业前先检查一下。
单句语法填空（1）It is necessary （examine） hw the prpsals can be carried ut. （2）The issue needs further （examine）.完成句子（3）Tmrrw，we’ll （参加考试）. The teacher will ______________（测试我们）in grammar. I’m wrried that I will （考试不及格）. 选词填空（inspect/examine/check） （4）The dctr the patient carefully but culd find nthing wrng. （5）I want t with my secretary befre I sign the papers. （6）The mayr will ur schl tmrrw.
examinatin
take/sit/d an examinatin
fail the examinatin
教材原句p.15Fr example，we culd try t replace a negative rutine with smething mre psitive.例如，我们可以努力将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。
9 用……代替…… He replaced the riginal editin with an adaptatin，which made the directr angry. 他把原版换成了改编版，这让导演很生气。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 “代替”的其他表达： （1）动词短语：take the place f/take ne’s place （2）介词短语：instead f/in place f Abve all，sme new facilities will take the place f the ld nes. 最重要的是，一些新的设备将代替旧的。［词汇复现］ He has the cmpetence t teach the children in place f his mther. 他有能力代替他母亲教孩子们。［词汇复现］
完成句子（1）It is still under discussin whether the ld bus statin shuld _________________________ （被……取代） a mdern htel r nt. （2）The factry mst f its wrkers （用……代替……）rbts. （3）It will be difficult t find a man t （代替）the present manager，wh is highly thught f. （4）There is smething wrng with my bike，s I decide t use a new ne_______________ （代替） it.
be replaced with
take the place f
in place f
教材原句p.15 we are nt successful straight away，we ften becme pessimistic and give up. ……一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。
10 straight away 立即；马上I phned my mther straight away t ask abut the recipe. 我马上打电话给我母亲询问配方。［词汇复现］ 【学法点拨】 “立刻，马上”的其他表达： immediately/instantly/directly in n time at nce right away/right nw
【归纳拓展】 cme/get straight t the pint 直奔主题/ 开门见山g straight hme 直接回家 G straight n! 一直往前走！ earn/get straight A’s 得全优成绩 get sth. straight（口语）弄清楚某事I’ll cme straight t the pint regardless f yur dissatisfactin. 不管你有什么不满意的地方，我都会直入主题。［词汇复现］
完成句子（1）Please g ut f the huse （立刻） when a fire breaks ut. （2）I’ll （直奔主题）— yur wrk isn’t gd enugh. （3）I felt very tired when I gt hme，and I （直接去睡觉了）. （4）Please （径直沿着…… 走） the street，and yu’ll find the frnt dr f the park. （5）［词汇复现］Generally speaking，Lily （得全优成绩） in every exam.
straight away
cme straight t the pint
went straight t bed
g straight alng
earns/gets straight A’s
11 pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的 搭配：be pessimistic abut... 对……持悲观态度We are pessimistic abut the lamb’s chances f recvery. 我们对小羔羊的康复可能性很不乐观。［词汇复现］ They appeared surprisingly pessimistic abut their chances f winning. 他们对胜利的可能性显得出奇地悲观。【学法点拨】 在阅读理解中，经常考查作者对文中某一事物或现象的观点态度。ptimistic 乐观的 pessimistic 悲观的 negative 消极的bjective 客观的 supprtive 支持的 dubtful 感到怀疑的She fund a stable jb and was ptimistic abut her future. 她找到了一份稳定的工作，并对未来持乐观态度。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）His bad perfrmance in the jb interview left me pessimistic his future. 完成句子（2）Everybdy （悲观） as there is little pssibility that we will win the game. （3）Peple are likely t live unhappily if they （对生活持悲观态度）.
is pessimistic
are pessimistic abut life
教材原句p.15 have t think abut yur bad habits and decide n sme changes. ……你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。
12 decide n 决定，选定（= decide upn） Finally，the mther decided n the interventin in her children’s quarrel. 最后，母亲决定介入孩子们的争吵。［词汇复现］ We have decided n a prper place fr the husehld t live in. 我们已选定一个合适的地方让这家人住。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 “做出决定”的其他表达： decide/determine t d sth. 决定做某事（动作） be determined t d sth. 决定做某事（状态） make a decisin 做出决定cme t/arrive at/reach a decisin（反复考虑后）做出决定make up ne’s mind 做出决定；下定决心If yu are determined t succeed，please grasp the pprtunity ffered by ur cmpany. 如果你决心要成功，请抓住我们公司提供的机会。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空（1）I’ve decided blue fr the bath-rm. 完成句子（2）Since ur cuntry has s many gd table tennis players，we have t （选定）the best nes t take part in the game. （3）［词汇复现］He gave up the chance t g abrad and （决定保卫） the brders f ur cuntry. （4）The cmmittee is due t （做出决定）this week.
decide n/upn
decided/determined t defend
make a decisin/cme t a decisin/arrive at a decisin/reach a decisin
教材原句p.14As teenagers grw up，they becme mre independent... 在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立……
【句式分析】本句是复合句，as teenagers grw up是时间状语从句，as 意为“随着”。1 as 引导时间状语从句 As time went n，he gt used t living with his hst family and felt at hme. 随着时间的推移，他习惯了跟寄宿家庭生活在一起，不感到拘束了。［词汇复现］ 【用法比较】 随着时间的推移： （1）as time ges by：as 引导时间状语从句。（2）with time ging by：with 复合结构，with + 名词+ 现在分词。
单句语法填空（1）As the ppulatin （increase）， mre land is needed. （2）With the ppulatin （increase）， mre land is needed. 完成句子（3） （随着时间的推移），I develped a preference fr sprts.
increases
As time went by/With time ging by
教材原句p.14These bad habits，if left unchecked，culd lead t mre serius nes when they becme adults.如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
【句式分析】本句是复合句。if left unchecked 是条件状语从句的省 略，if 后面省略了they are。2 状语从句的省略（1）可以省略成分的状语从句：时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句等。（2）状语从句省略成分的条件：从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语是 it；从句谓语含有 be，包括系动词 be、进行时态的be 或被动语态的 be。（ 3）常见的连词有：when，while，nce，befre，till/until，whenever； if，unless；thugh/althugh；as，as if 等。
（ 4）状语从句省略成分后的常见类型：连词+ 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语/ 形容词。If invlved in this case，yu will be punished. 如果卷入这件事，你将受到惩罚。（省略yu are）［词汇复现］ If necessary，yu can chse me t make the presentatin. 如果有必 要的话，你可以选择我来做这个报告。（省略it is）［词汇复现］ （5）以下为约定俗成的省略形式： if s 如果是这样的话 if nt 如果不是这样；否则if ever 如果曾经有的话 if any 如果有的话if/when necessary 如果有必要的话/ 在必要的时候if/when pssible 如果可能的话/ 在可能的时候
单句语法填空（1）Thugh （anny） at Tm’s wrds，she frced a smile. （2）There are sme health prblems that，when nt （treat） in time，can becme bigger nes later n. （3）［2020· 天津卷］Harriet Stwe，mther f six，wrte parts f Uncle Tm’s Cabin while _______ （ck）. （4）If （accept）fr the jb，yu’ll be infrmed sn. （5）I’m interested in the music club and I’d like t jin it pssible. 完成句子（6） （如果可能）， I will learn t carve. （7）［词汇复现］ （必要的时候），I will step ut f my cmfrt zne.
Harriet Stwe 与ck 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。while cking 补充完整为while she was cking。句意：哈里特• 斯托是六个孩子的母亲，她在做饭时写下了《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的部分内容。
If pssible
When necessary
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