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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course评优课课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course评优课课件ppt，共39页。
Build up yur vcabulary
Find the suitable adjectives frm the previus text t cmplete the sentences. The first letter f each wrd has been given.
1 He behaves in a d manner and we think he is a real gentleman. 2 With the gentle music，sft lights，and cmfrtable sfas，this café is everything yu need after a tiring day. It is a c and relaxing place. 3 He used t be s crss and b that nbdy culd tlerate him，but the birth f his sn changed his life and made him a better persn. 4 Life was cruel t Oliver when he was yung. Althugh living a m life， he had a very kind heart. 5 Try t learn frm yur mistakes and b failures. It will eventually lead t success as lng as yu persevere . 6 The yung by has demnstrated a g interest in the expeditin t the Antarctic.
bad-tempered
1 The fire alarm caused a panic/wrry in the theatre and the crwd fled in all directins. 2 Althugh my grandpa is retired，he is very enthusiastic/cncerned abut vlunteer wrk. 3 The fficer was assigned/emplyed t cnduct a thrugh investigatin int the incident. 4 The sun was sinking/falling behind the muntains when we reached the tp. 5 It tk him a lt f vigur/energy t mve all the items f furniture inside the huse.
2 Chse the apprpriate wrd t cmplete each sentence.
3 Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the wrds in the bx.
abandn abard assign crew cupbard reslve set ff sink vyage
After seeing the advertisement in the newspaper，Perce Blackbrw t jin the Antarctic expeditin led by Sir Ernest Shackletn n matter what challenges might lie ahead. Unfrtunately，his applicatin because he was t yung and nt qualified enugh. Hwever，he managed t get the Endurance with his friend’s help. He hid in a ，but was sn discvered and brught t Shackletn. Althugh the captain was angry，he _________ the by the jb f cking fr the . Their did nt g smthly，and the Endurance became stuck in the ice. Befre the Endurance was crushed and int the sea，Shackletn gave the rder t ship，and the crew had t camp n ice. They then sailed t Elephant Island. Sn after that，Shackletn selected a bat party and fr Suth Gergia Island t get help.
was turned dwn
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.40 The fficer was assigned/emplyed t cnduct a thrugh investigatin int the incident. 这名官员被指派/ 受雇对该事件进行彻底调查。1 thrugh adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的；考虑周到的 thrugh understanding 透彻的了解thrugh cleaning彻底的打扫thrugh descriptin详尽的描写After he tk pwer，he carried ut a thrugh refrm f the lcal gvernment. 他上台后，对地方政府进行了彻底的改革。I gave the radi a thrugh inspectin befre buying it. 我把收音机彻底检查了一遍才买了下来。He was even mre thrugh abut reading the article. 他对这篇文章读得更仔细。【词语积累】thrughly adv. 非常；彻底；完全；仔细；缜密
写出句中thrugh 的含义（1）This very thrugh survey ges back t 1784. ______________（2）Martin wuld be a gd judge，I thught. He was calm and thrugh.______________ （3）In rder t ensure success we must have a cmplete and thrugh plan. ______________ 完成句子（4）The plice fficers decided t （进行一次彻底的审查）f the case. （5）We are trying t （全面了解） f the gvernment’s financial plicy.
cnduct a thrugh review
get a thrugh understanding
教材原句p.40 Unfrtunately，his applicatin was turned dwn because he was t yung and nt qualified enugh. 不幸的是，他的申请被拒绝了，因为他太年轻， 没有足够的资格。2 unfrtunately（=unluckily） adv. 不幸地；遗憾地Unfrtunately，I hurt my knee when I fell dwn n the ice. 不幸的是，我在冰上摔倒时摔伤了膝盖。【词语积累】（1）frtunate adj. 幸运的be frtunate in ding sth. 因做某事感到幸运be frtunate t d sth. 有幸能做某事It’s frtunate that... 幸运的是……
Sme servants were frtunate in getting kind masters wh didn’t ask them t wrk t hard. 有些仆人很幸运，他们的主人很和善，并不要求他们拼命地干活。I’m frtunate enugh t have fund a jb that I lve. 我很幸运找到了一份我喜欢的工作。It was frtunate fr him that his parents managed t send him t schl thugh badly ff. 他很幸运，尽管很穷，他的父母还是设法送他上学。（2）frtune n. 运气；财富try ne’s frtune 碰运气make a frtune 发大财He went t Australia and sn made a frtune. 他去了澳大利亚，很快就发了财。（3）frtunately adv. 幸运地unfrtunate adj. 不幸的
单句语法填空（1） （frtunate），after six years’ hard wrk，he funded his wn cmpany. （2） （unfrtunate），his father died， leaving the whle family even prer. （3）He felt （frtune） that the interviewer spke highly f him during the interview. （4）I was frtunate （enjy） such attractive scenery in yur hmetwn. （5）Central Lndn is frtunate having s many large parks and pen spaces. 完成句子（6）I （非常幸运地遇到了教授）wh appreciated my paintings very much. （7） （幸运的是） they had set ut early because the traffic was terrible. （8）Knwing that it was easy t find diamnd in the desert，he went there t __________________（碰运气）.
Unfrtunately
was frtunate enugh t meet the prfessr
It was frtunate that
try his frtune
3 applicatin n. 申请；请求；（尤指理论、发现等的）应用 make an applicatin（t sb.）fr sth.（向某人）申请…… an applicatin letter 求职信；申请信fill in an applicatin frm 填写申请表I didn’t receive an acknwledgement f my applicatin. 对我的申请，我还没有收到复信告知收悉。They made an applicatin t the cmmittee fr permissin t use the tennis curt. 他们向委员会申请使用这个网球场。the applicatins f genetic engineering in agriculture 基因工程在农业上的应用 The applicatin f new scientific discveries t industrial prductin methds usually increases efficiency. 把新的科学发现应用到工业生产方法上，通常可以提高效率。
【词语积累】（1）apply v. 应用；申请 把……应用到…… apply neself t 致力于，专心于 apply（t sb.）fr...（向某人）申请…… The new technlgy was applied t farming. 这项新技术被应用于农业。He has been applying himself t achieving his persnal gal. 他一直致力于实现他的个人目标。Lynd and hundreds f yung peple like him applied fr the pst f typist. 林德和几百个像他那样的青年申请这个打字员的职位。（2）applicant n. 申请人applied adj. 应用的；实用的
单句语法填空（1）Yur ft will feel better after the （apply） f this intment. （2）T my delight，I was chsen frm hundreds f （apply）t attend the pening ceremny. （3）Nw lts f new technlgies can be applied t （slve）prblems in industry. （4）I am writing t apply the psitin as a vlunteer in the English festival. （5）Last week we applied （jin） the Bridge Club. 完成句子（6）Only in this way can we （更好地将理论应用于实践）. （7）We （将向……申请） the authrities fr assistance. （8）The cach （专心于）selecting the best athletes last year.
better apply thery t practice
will apply t
applied himself t
Discver useful structure
Lk at the sentence in the present perfect cntinuus tense. Find mre examples frm the previus text and discuss the functin f the tense. EXAMPLE This is the adventure that I have been dreaming f.
Mre examples frm the previus text： We are nw camped n the ice and we have been managing t survive， but spring is cming，and the ice will sn begin t melt. We have been struggling fr days，but things n Elephant Island are ging frm bad t wrse. · We use the present perfect cntinuus tense t talk abut actin that started in the past and stpped recently. There is usually a result nw. · We use the present perfect cntinuus tense t talk abut actin that started in the past and is cntinuing nw. This is ften used with fr r since.
2 Read each situatin and rewrite each sentence using the present perfect cntinuus tense. 1 The dg started t bark abut tw hurs ag. I really hpe it will stp sn. The dg has been barking fr abut tw hurs. I really hpe it will stp sn. 2 Steve started t play rugby at the age f eight. Nw he has becme a prfessinal player. 3 Timmy is hlding a table tennis bat and his shrt hair is damp with sweat. He lks a little tired after playing table tennis fr tw hurs. 4 Diane hasn’t gt much sleep this week. She lks terrible tday. 5 I tried t phne yu this mrning. I must have tried a dzen times befre I caught yu.
I have been trying t phne yu this mrning. I must have tried a dzen times befre I caught yu here.
Steve has been playing rugby since the age f eight. Nw he has becme a prfessinal player.
Timmy is hlding a table tennis bat and his shrt hair is damp with sweat. He lks a little tired because he has been playing table tennis fr tw hurs.
Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. She lks terrible tday.
1 Fr the whle mrning，the bard f directrs （discuss） the reslutin t increase wages in the cming year. 2 Jasn’s nly recreatin is painting. He （learn） hw t paint fr ver five years. 3 Even thugh we lst the game，we shuld be prud f urselves because we （try） ur best and （wrk） as a team. 4 He finally （finish） the research paper under his tutr’s guidance. 5 My nephew Sam （cllect） cmic bks since he was five. Nw he has mre than tw hundred f them. 6 The cmpany （launch）an advertising campaign t prmte its crprate image.
is launching/has launched/launched
has been discussing
has been learning
has been cllecting
3 Cmplete the sentences belw using the crrect tenses f the verbs in brackets. Then explain yur reasns t yur partner.
4 Wrk in pairs. Interview yur partner abut the things that he/she has been ding. The fllwing questins might help yu. • D yu have any hbbies r interests? • Hw lng have yu been learning/playing • What have yu been ding recently?
Suggested answerA：D yu have any hbbies? B： Sure. I have several hbbies such as table tennis，phtgraphy，and kite flying. But my favurite hbby is playing the guitar. A： Hw lng have yu been learning the guitar? B： I have been learning the guitar since I was eight years ld. I saw a vide f smene playing and I fell in lve with it. A：That’s great.
Using Structure （Wrkbk P83）
1 I （think) abut what yu said. . .and I think yu're prbably right. 2 We （try) t arrange an interview with the presidential candidate fr days, but we （nt receive) their respnse yet. 3 I guess that yu （use) the cmputer a lt recently. Yu shuld rest yur eyes mre ften. 4 I'm srry the meeting （delay) ._______yu ________________ （wait) a lng time? 5 yu （irn) the shirt? It is still damp. 6 The ven in her kitchen （give) ff a sweet smell. D yu knw what she is cking?
thught/have thught/have been thinking
have tried/have been trying
haven’t/have nt received
have used/have been using
was delayed/has been delayed
Have been waiting（fr）
Have irned
is giving/has been giving
1 Cmplete the sentences using the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets.
1 A: Gerge, yu （see) Martin recently? B: N, but I （call) him last week. He said he was busy. A: What he （d) these days? B: I think he （d) sme experiments. He has t finish a paper befre the end f this mnth. 2 A: Hw lng yu （play) fr this team? B: Fr tw mnths. A: Hw lng yu （play) rugby? B: Since I was eight years ld.
have seen
is dinghas been ding
is ding/has been ding
have playedhave been playing
have playedhave been playing
2 Cmplete the cnversatins belw using the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets. Then explain yur chices.
3 A: Jane, cme and see what I （find) . B: What's s surprising? A: Well, I （lk) thrugh sme ld phts and I ________ （find) this ne f yu and me. B: Oh, my gdness. This pht （take) n the day when we （enter) university. That was 15 years ag.
was lking/have been lking
CYCLING PARTNERS WANTEDWe are lking fr cycling partners t jin us fr a trip t Zhangjiajie, and we are lking fr peple wh are psitive, full f vigur, and highly disciplined, preferably with a strng passin r interest fr phtgraphy, painting, r writing. Guesthuses and camping alng the way. If yu are interested, please email: carl@rjcyclingteam.cm. I wuld like t… I'm interested in… I think I am a gd candidate fr yur… I have been learning/practising/…since…／fr… I als have. . .years’ experience as. . .in. . . I'm lking frward t hearing frm yu.
Read the advertisement belw and then write a letter t apply fr the jb. The expressins belw may help yu.
Sample Writing Dear Carl， I wuld like t apply t be a cycling partner. I think I am a gd candidate fr yur trip，because I am nt nly very interested in phtgraphy and writing，but als cycling and travel. I have been practising phtgraphy since I was yung. I als have tw years’ experience wrking in a cycle shp，which has taught me discipline and psitivity. I’m lking frward t hearing frm yu. Yurs， Li Hua
教材原句p.41 He finally finished the research paper under his tutr’s guidance. 在导师的指导下，他终于完成了研究论文。1 guidance n. 指导；引导；（火箭等的）导航 under sb.’s guidance 在某人的指导下withut the guidance f sb. 没有某人的指导prvide guidance 提供指导persnal guidance 亲自指导Under his father’s guidance，he learned hw t swim. 他在父亲的指导下学会了游泳。He cmpleted his paper independently withut the guidance f his tutr. 他在没有导师指导的情况下独立完成了论文。【词语积累】guide vt. 指导，影响（某人的行为）；指引 n. 指南，手册
单句语法填空（1）When I was in truble，he ffered （guide） t me n my career. （2） his father’s guidance，he is very likely t settle the matter. 完成句子（3） （在他姐姐的指导下），he is likely t cmplete the prject. （4）The agency ffers （切合实际的指导） t peple starting their wn businesses.
Under his sister’s guidance
practical guidance
教材原句p.41 The cmpany launched an advertising campaign t prmte its crprate image. 公司发起了一场广告宣传活动来提升公司形象。2 advertise vt. & vi.（为……）做广告；（在报纸、互联网等上） 公布；宣传（自己的事） advertise fr 为征求……登广告advertise fr sb. t d sth. 登广告招聘某人做某事 We decided t advertise ur new prduct. 我们决定为我们的新产品做广告。Mther has been advertising fr a cleaner fr weeks withut success. 近几周母亲接连登广告想招聘一名清洁工，但至今没有找到人。They advertised fr a yung girl t lk after the children. 他们登广告想招聘一位年轻姑娘来照顾孩子们。【词语积累】advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 advertisement n. 广告 advertiser n. 登广告者；广告商【一言助记】The advertisers put sme advertisements in the lcal paper t advertise their prducts. 广告商在当地报纸上刊登了一些广告来宣传他们的产品。
单句语法填空（1）The cuncil are advertising a teacher in this week’s newspaper. （2）We’ve advertised fr smene （lk） after the garden. （3）The （advertise） campaign didn’t have much effect n sales. （4）If yu want t sell yur ld sfa，why nt put an （advertise） in the lcal newspaper? 完成句子（5）We can （在网络上刊登广告）. （6）We （刊登广告求购） a secnd-hand car.
advertising
advertisement
advertise n the Internet
advertised fr
单元语法 现在完成进行时1 现在完成进行时概述现在完成进行时表示过去发生的动作或状况一直持续到现在，这个动作可能仍在继续进行或刚刚结束。现在完成进行时由“have/has + been + 现在分词”构成。肯定句：主语 + have/has + been + 现在分词... 否定句：主语 + have/has + nt + been + 现在分词... 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + been + 现在分词 疑问代词/ 疑问副词 + have/has +（主语 +）been + 现在分词 I’ve been trying t find ut her telephne number. 我一直在查问她的电话号码。They have been widening the rad. 他们在拓宽这条路。
单句语法填空（1）My eyes ache. I （stay） in frnt f the cmputer all the afternn. （2）He （d） this in rder t repay the by’s kindness. （3）I （learn） English since three years ag. （4）Yu knw，I （lk） fr a jb fr three mnths，and this is my first frmal interview.
have been staying
has been ding
have been learning
have been lking
2 现在完成进行时的用法（1）表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作Hw lng have yu been learning English? 你学习英语多久了？ She has been burning the midnight il t prepare fr GRE recently. 她最近在熬夜准备研究生入学资格考试。Tm has been playing the nline games fr mre than twenty hurs. 汤姆玩网游已经超过二十个小时了。His brther has been writing this nvel since last year. 他哥哥从去年起就一直在写这本小说。（2）表示到目前为止的一段时间内重复进行的活动I have been telling yu nt t make truble. 我一直劝你不要找麻烦。The ld man has been repairing cars fr thirty years. 这个老人修汽车修了三十年了。Jack has been practising Tai Chi fr mre than a year. 杰克练太极一年多了。
（3）表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出结论His eyes are red. He has been wrking t hard recently. 他的眼睛红了，准是他最近工作太辛苦了。— I have gt a headache. 我头痛。— N wnder. Yu have been wrking in frnt f that cmputer t lng. 不足为奇。你在那台电脑前工作太久了。—I’m sure Andrew will win first prize in the final. 我相信安德鲁在决赛中会得第一名。—I think s. He has been preparing fr it fr mnths. 我也是这样认为的。他为此准备好几个月了。（4）表达某种感情色彩现在完成进行时有时带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情色彩。We’ve been lking frward t ur summer vacatin. 我们一直盼望着暑假。T much has been happening tday. 今天真是一个多事的日子。
【学法点拨】以下几类动词不能用于现在完成进行时： ① 表示感官、感觉：see，hear，smell 等； ② 表示爱憎：lve，prefer，mind 等； ③ 表示希望、意愿：wish，want，desire 等； ④ 表示相信、猜想：believe，think，suppse 等； ⑤ 非延续性动词。
单句语法填空（1）The girl has a great interest in sprts and （take） badmintn classes twice a week ver the last three years. （2）The Chinese （make） paper fr mre than tw thusand years. （3）Since the time humankind started gardening， we （try） t make ur envirnment mre beautiful. （4）Jack （phne）Jane every night fr the last week. （5）We （see）each ther quite a lt recently. （6）Tm’s hands are very dirty. He （repair） the car. （7）Yu knw，yu really （make） things terribly difficult fr him. （8）The little by is dirty all ver because he （play） in the mud all the mrning. 完成句子（9）Here he is! We （一直焦急地等待） fr him since last night. （10）Cathy is taking ntes f the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine Schl，_______________________________（她一直在那里学习）.
has been taking
have been making
have been trying
has been phning
have been seeing
has been repairing
has been playing
have been waiting
where she has been studying
3 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别（1）现在完成时强调完成和影响，现在完成进行时强调未完成和动作。I’ve been ding my hmewrk. 我一直在做家庭作业。（还在做） I’ve finished my hmewrk. 我已做完家庭作业了。（已完成） （2）现在完成时经常表单个事件，现在完成进行时可表重复事件。Julia has gne t the library. 朱莉娅去图书馆了。（单个事件） Julia has been ging t the library fr a year. 朱莉娅在一年间经常去图书馆。（重复事件） （3）现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时含感情色彩。What have yu dne? 你做什么了？（仅是问问） Where have yu been? I have been waiting fr yu in the rain fr tw hurs. 你去哪里了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。（表示不满）
（4）表重复时，现在完成时强调成果，讲次数；现在完成进行时强调持续，不讲次数。I have sent thirty e-mails this mrning. 我今天上午发了三十封电子邮件。I have been sending e-mails this mrning. 我今天上午一直在发电子邮件。（5）不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。The war has lasted fr a lng time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。（6）现在完成进行时不用于被动语态。若要用，可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。The huse has been painted fr a mnth. 房子已经粉刷了一个月了。
单句语法填空（1）It （rain） every day this mnth. （2）S far this year we （see） a fall in huse prices by between 5 and 10 percent. （3）I （drink） five cups f cffee this afternn. （4）Nw that she is ut f wrk，Lucy （think） abut ging back t schl，but she hasn’t decided yet. （5）He is the mst creative man that I （meet）. （6）All these years we （try） t get in tuch with him. 完成句子（7）We （已经打扫了房屋）. Yu may cme in nw. （8）Since that unfrtunate accident last week， I （一直睡得不好）. （9）She （一直睡）fr 6 hurs and still can’t wake up.
has been raining
has been thinking
have been trying
have cleaned the huse
haven’t been sleeping well
has been sleeping
Build up yur vcabulary
Find the suitable adjectives frm the previus text t cmplete the sentences. The first letter f each wrd has been given.
1 He behaves in a d manner and we think he is a real gentleman. 2 With the gentle music，sft lights，and cmfrtable sfas，this café is everything yu need after a tiring day. It is a c and relaxing place. 3 He used t be s crss and b that nbdy culd tlerate him，but the birth f his sn changed his life and made him a better persn. 4 Life was cruel t Oliver when he was yung. Althugh living a m life， he had a very kind heart. 5 Try t learn frm yur mistakes and b failures. It will eventually lead t success as lng as yu persevere . 6 The yung by has demnstrated a g interest in the expeditin t the Antarctic.
bad-tempered
1 The fire alarm caused a panic/wrry in the theatre and the crwd fled in all directins. 2 Althugh my grandpa is retired，he is very enthusiastic/cncerned abut vlunteer wrk. 3 The fficer was assigned/emplyed t cnduct a thrugh investigatin int the incident. 4 The sun was sinking/falling behind the muntains when we reached the tp. 5 It tk him a lt f vigur/energy t mve all the items f furniture inside the huse.
2 Chse the apprpriate wrd t cmplete each sentence.
3 Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the wrds in the bx.
abandn abard assign crew cupbard reslve set ff sink vyage
After seeing the advertisement in the newspaper，Perce Blackbrw t jin the Antarctic expeditin led by Sir Ernest Shackletn n matter what challenges might lie ahead. Unfrtunately，his applicatin because he was t yung and nt qualified enugh. Hwever，he managed t get the Endurance with his friend’s help. He hid in a ，but was sn discvered and brught t Shackletn. Althugh the captain was angry，he _________ the by the jb f cking fr the . Their did nt g smthly，and the Endurance became stuck in the ice. Befre the Endurance was crushed and int the sea，Shackletn gave the rder t ship，and the crew had t camp n ice. They then sailed t Elephant Island. Sn after that，Shackletn selected a bat party and fr Suth Gergia Island t get help.
was turned dwn
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.40 The fficer was assigned/emplyed t cnduct a thrugh investigatin int the incident. 这名官员被指派/ 受雇对该事件进行彻底调查。1 thrugh adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的；考虑周到的 thrugh understanding 透彻的了解thrugh cleaning彻底的打扫thrugh descriptin详尽的描写After he tk pwer，he carried ut a thrugh refrm f the lcal gvernment. 他上台后，对地方政府进行了彻底的改革。I gave the radi a thrugh inspectin befre buying it. 我把收音机彻底检查了一遍才买了下来。He was even mre thrugh abut reading the article. 他对这篇文章读得更仔细。【词语积累】thrughly adv. 非常；彻底；完全；仔细；缜密
写出句中thrugh 的含义（1）This very thrugh survey ges back t 1784. ______________（2）Martin wuld be a gd judge，I thught. He was calm and thrugh.______________ （3）In rder t ensure success we must have a cmplete and thrugh plan. ______________ 完成句子（4）The plice fficers decided t （进行一次彻底的审查）f the case. （5）We are trying t （全面了解） f the gvernment’s financial plicy.
cnduct a thrugh review
get a thrugh understanding
教材原句p.40 Unfrtunately，his applicatin was turned dwn because he was t yung and nt qualified enugh. 不幸的是，他的申请被拒绝了，因为他太年轻， 没有足够的资格。2 unfrtunately（=unluckily） adv. 不幸地；遗憾地Unfrtunately，I hurt my knee when I fell dwn n the ice. 不幸的是，我在冰上摔倒时摔伤了膝盖。【词语积累】（1）frtunate adj. 幸运的be frtunate in ding sth. 因做某事感到幸运be frtunate t d sth. 有幸能做某事It’s frtunate that... 幸运的是……
Sme servants were frtunate in getting kind masters wh didn’t ask them t wrk t hard. 有些仆人很幸运，他们的主人很和善，并不要求他们拼命地干活。I’m frtunate enugh t have fund a jb that I lve. 我很幸运找到了一份我喜欢的工作。It was frtunate fr him that his parents managed t send him t schl thugh badly ff. 他很幸运，尽管很穷，他的父母还是设法送他上学。（2）frtune n. 运气；财富try ne’s frtune 碰运气make a frtune 发大财He went t Australia and sn made a frtune. 他去了澳大利亚，很快就发了财。（3）frtunately adv. 幸运地unfrtunate adj. 不幸的
单句语法填空（1） （frtunate），after six years’ hard wrk，he funded his wn cmpany. （2） （unfrtunate），his father died， leaving the whle family even prer. （3）He felt （frtune） that the interviewer spke highly f him during the interview. （4）I was frtunate （enjy） such attractive scenery in yur hmetwn. （5）Central Lndn is frtunate having s many large parks and pen spaces. 完成句子（6）I （非常幸运地遇到了教授）wh appreciated my paintings very much. （7） （幸运的是） they had set ut early because the traffic was terrible. （8）Knwing that it was easy t find diamnd in the desert，he went there t __________________（碰运气）.
Unfrtunately
was frtunate enugh t meet the prfessr
It was frtunate that
try his frtune
3 applicatin n. 申请；请求；（尤指理论、发现等的）应用 make an applicatin（t sb.）fr sth.（向某人）申请…… an applicatin letter 求职信；申请信fill in an applicatin frm 填写申请表I didn’t receive an acknwledgement f my applicatin. 对我的申请，我还没有收到复信告知收悉。They made an applicatin t the cmmittee fr permissin t use the tennis curt. 他们向委员会申请使用这个网球场。the applicatins f genetic engineering in agriculture 基因工程在农业上的应用 The applicatin f new scientific discveries t industrial prductin methds usually increases efficiency. 把新的科学发现应用到工业生产方法上，通常可以提高效率。
【词语积累】（1）apply v. 应用；申请 把……应用到…… apply neself t 致力于，专心于 apply（t sb.）fr...（向某人）申请…… The new technlgy was applied t farming. 这项新技术被应用于农业。He has been applying himself t achieving his persnal gal. 他一直致力于实现他的个人目标。Lynd and hundreds f yung peple like him applied fr the pst f typist. 林德和几百个像他那样的青年申请这个打字员的职位。（2）applicant n. 申请人applied adj. 应用的；实用的
单句语法填空（1）Yur ft will feel better after the （apply） f this intment. （2）T my delight，I was chsen frm hundreds f （apply）t attend the pening ceremny. （3）Nw lts f new technlgies can be applied t （slve）prblems in industry. （4）I am writing t apply the psitin as a vlunteer in the English festival. （5）Last week we applied （jin） the Bridge Club. 完成句子（6）Only in this way can we （更好地将理论应用于实践）. （7）We （将向……申请） the authrities fr assistance. （8）The cach （专心于）selecting the best athletes last year.
better apply thery t practice
will apply t
applied himself t
Discver useful structure
Lk at the sentence in the present perfect cntinuus tense. Find mre examples frm the previus text and discuss the functin f the tense. EXAMPLE This is the adventure that I have been dreaming f.
Mre examples frm the previus text： We are nw camped n the ice and we have been managing t survive， but spring is cming，and the ice will sn begin t melt. We have been struggling fr days，but things n Elephant Island are ging frm bad t wrse. · We use the present perfect cntinuus tense t talk abut actin that started in the past and stpped recently. There is usually a result nw. · We use the present perfect cntinuus tense t talk abut actin that started in the past and is cntinuing nw. This is ften used with fr r since.
2 Read each situatin and rewrite each sentence using the present perfect cntinuus tense. 1 The dg started t bark abut tw hurs ag. I really hpe it will stp sn. The dg has been barking fr abut tw hurs. I really hpe it will stp sn. 2 Steve started t play rugby at the age f eight. Nw he has becme a prfessinal player. 3 Timmy is hlding a table tennis bat and his shrt hair is damp with sweat. He lks a little tired after playing table tennis fr tw hurs. 4 Diane hasn’t gt much sleep this week. She lks terrible tday. 5 I tried t phne yu this mrning. I must have tried a dzen times befre I caught yu.
I have been trying t phne yu this mrning. I must have tried a dzen times befre I caught yu here.
Steve has been playing rugby since the age f eight. Nw he has becme a prfessinal player.
Timmy is hlding a table tennis bat and his shrt hair is damp with sweat. He lks a little tired because he has been playing table tennis fr tw hurs.
Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. She lks terrible tday.
1 Fr the whle mrning，the bard f directrs （discuss） the reslutin t increase wages in the cming year. 2 Jasn’s nly recreatin is painting. He （learn） hw t paint fr ver five years. 3 Even thugh we lst the game，we shuld be prud f urselves because we （try） ur best and （wrk） as a team. 4 He finally （finish） the research paper under his tutr’s guidance. 5 My nephew Sam （cllect） cmic bks since he was five. Nw he has mre than tw hundred f them. 6 The cmpany （launch）an advertising campaign t prmte its crprate image.
is launching/has launched/launched
has been discussing
has been learning
has been cllecting
3 Cmplete the sentences belw using the crrect tenses f the verbs in brackets. Then explain yur reasns t yur partner.
4 Wrk in pairs. Interview yur partner abut the things that he/she has been ding. The fllwing questins might help yu. • D yu have any hbbies r interests? • Hw lng have yu been learning/playing • What have yu been ding recently?
Suggested answerA：D yu have any hbbies? B： Sure. I have several hbbies such as table tennis，phtgraphy，and kite flying. But my favurite hbby is playing the guitar. A： Hw lng have yu been learning the guitar? B： I have been learning the guitar since I was eight years ld. I saw a vide f smene playing and I fell in lve with it. A：That’s great.
Using Structure （Wrkbk P83）
1 I （think) abut what yu said. . .and I think yu're prbably right. 2 We （try) t arrange an interview with the presidential candidate fr days, but we （nt receive) their respnse yet. 3 I guess that yu （use) the cmputer a lt recently. Yu shuld rest yur eyes mre ften. 4 I'm srry the meeting （delay) ._______yu ________________ （wait) a lng time? 5 yu （irn) the shirt? It is still damp. 6 The ven in her kitchen （give) ff a sweet smell. D yu knw what she is cking?
thught/have thught/have been thinking
have tried/have been trying
haven’t/have nt received
have used/have been using
was delayed/has been delayed
Have been waiting（fr）
Have irned
is giving/has been giving
1 Cmplete the sentences using the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets.
1 A: Gerge, yu （see) Martin recently? B: N, but I （call) him last week. He said he was busy. A: What he （d) these days? B: I think he （d) sme experiments. He has t finish a paper befre the end f this mnth. 2 A: Hw lng yu （play) fr this team? B: Fr tw mnths. A: Hw lng yu （play) rugby? B: Since I was eight years ld.
have seen
is dinghas been ding
is ding/has been ding
have playedhave been playing
have playedhave been playing
2 Cmplete the cnversatins belw using the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets. Then explain yur chices.
3 A: Jane, cme and see what I （find) . B: What's s surprising? A: Well, I （lk) thrugh sme ld phts and I ________ （find) this ne f yu and me. B: Oh, my gdness. This pht （take) n the day when we （enter) university. That was 15 years ag.
was lking/have been lking
CYCLING PARTNERS WANTEDWe are lking fr cycling partners t jin us fr a trip t Zhangjiajie, and we are lking fr peple wh are psitive, full f vigur, and highly disciplined, preferably with a strng passin r interest fr phtgraphy, painting, r writing. Guesthuses and camping alng the way. If yu are interested, please email: carl@rjcyclingteam.cm. I wuld like t… I'm interested in… I think I am a gd candidate fr yur… I have been learning/practising/…since…／fr… I als have. . .years’ experience as. . .in. . . I'm lking frward t hearing frm yu.
Read the advertisement belw and then write a letter t apply fr the jb. The expressins belw may help yu.
Sample Writing Dear Carl， I wuld like t apply t be a cycling partner. I think I am a gd candidate fr yur trip，because I am nt nly very interested in phtgraphy and writing，but als cycling and travel. I have been practising phtgraphy since I was yung. I als have tw years’ experience wrking in a cycle shp，which has taught me discipline and psitivity. I’m lking frward t hearing frm yu. Yurs， Li Hua
教材原句p.41 He finally finished the research paper under his tutr’s guidance. 在导师的指导下，他终于完成了研究论文。1 guidance n. 指导；引导；（火箭等的）导航 under sb.’s guidance 在某人的指导下withut the guidance f sb. 没有某人的指导prvide guidance 提供指导persnal guidance 亲自指导Under his father’s guidance，he learned hw t swim. 他在父亲的指导下学会了游泳。He cmpleted his paper independently withut the guidance f his tutr. 他在没有导师指导的情况下独立完成了论文。【词语积累】guide vt. 指导，影响（某人的行为）；指引 n. 指南，手册
单句语法填空（1）When I was in truble，he ffered （guide） t me n my career. （2） his father’s guidance，he is very likely t settle the matter. 完成句子（3） （在他姐姐的指导下），he is likely t cmplete the prject. （4）The agency ffers （切合实际的指导） t peple starting their wn businesses.
Under his sister’s guidance
practical guidance
教材原句p.41 The cmpany launched an advertising campaign t prmte its crprate image. 公司发起了一场广告宣传活动来提升公司形象。2 advertise vt. & vi.（为……）做广告；（在报纸、互联网等上） 公布；宣传（自己的事） advertise fr 为征求……登广告advertise fr sb. t d sth. 登广告招聘某人做某事 We decided t advertise ur new prduct. 我们决定为我们的新产品做广告。Mther has been advertising fr a cleaner fr weeks withut success. 近几周母亲接连登广告想招聘一名清洁工，但至今没有找到人。They advertised fr a yung girl t lk after the children. 他们登广告想招聘一位年轻姑娘来照顾孩子们。【词语积累】advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 advertisement n. 广告 advertiser n. 登广告者；广告商【一言助记】The advertisers put sme advertisements in the lcal paper t advertise their prducts. 广告商在当地报纸上刊登了一些广告来宣传他们的产品。
单句语法填空（1）The cuncil are advertising a teacher in this week’s newspaper. （2）We’ve advertised fr smene （lk） after the garden. （3）The （advertise） campaign didn’t have much effect n sales. （4）If yu want t sell yur ld sfa，why nt put an （advertise） in the lcal newspaper? 完成句子（5）We can （在网络上刊登广告）. （6）We （刊登广告求购） a secnd-hand car.
advertising
advertisement
advertise n the Internet
advertised fr
单元语法 现在完成进行时1 现在完成进行时概述现在完成进行时表示过去发生的动作或状况一直持续到现在，这个动作可能仍在继续进行或刚刚结束。现在完成进行时由“have/has + been + 现在分词”构成。肯定句：主语 + have/has + been + 现在分词... 否定句：主语 + have/has + nt + been + 现在分词... 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + been + 现在分词 疑问代词/ 疑问副词 + have/has +（主语 +）been + 现在分词 I’ve been trying t find ut her telephne number. 我一直在查问她的电话号码。They have been widening the rad. 他们在拓宽这条路。
单句语法填空（1）My eyes ache. I （stay） in frnt f the cmputer all the afternn. （2）He （d） this in rder t repay the by’s kindness. （3）I （learn） English since three years ag. （4）Yu knw，I （lk） fr a jb fr three mnths，and this is my first frmal interview.
have been staying
has been ding
have been learning
have been lking
2 现在完成进行时的用法（1）表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作Hw lng have yu been learning English? 你学习英语多久了？ She has been burning the midnight il t prepare fr GRE recently. 她最近在熬夜准备研究生入学资格考试。Tm has been playing the nline games fr mre than twenty hurs. 汤姆玩网游已经超过二十个小时了。His brther has been writing this nvel since last year. 他哥哥从去年起就一直在写这本小说。（2）表示到目前为止的一段时间内重复进行的活动I have been telling yu nt t make truble. 我一直劝你不要找麻烦。The ld man has been repairing cars fr thirty years. 这个老人修汽车修了三十年了。Jack has been practising Tai Chi fr mre than a year. 杰克练太极一年多了。
（3）表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出结论His eyes are red. He has been wrking t hard recently. 他的眼睛红了，准是他最近工作太辛苦了。— I have gt a headache. 我头痛。— N wnder. Yu have been wrking in frnt f that cmputer t lng. 不足为奇。你在那台电脑前工作太久了。—I’m sure Andrew will win first prize in the final. 我相信安德鲁在决赛中会得第一名。—I think s. He has been preparing fr it fr mnths. 我也是这样认为的。他为此准备好几个月了。（4）表达某种感情色彩现在完成进行时有时带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情色彩。We’ve been lking frward t ur summer vacatin. 我们一直盼望着暑假。T much has been happening tday. 今天真是一个多事的日子。
【学法点拨】以下几类动词不能用于现在完成进行时： ① 表示感官、感觉：see，hear，smell 等； ② 表示爱憎：lve，prefer，mind 等； ③ 表示希望、意愿：wish，want，desire 等； ④ 表示相信、猜想：believe，think，suppse 等； ⑤ 非延续性动词。
单句语法填空（1）The girl has a great interest in sprts and （take） badmintn classes twice a week ver the last three years. （2）The Chinese （make） paper fr mre than tw thusand years. （3）Since the time humankind started gardening， we （try） t make ur envirnment mre beautiful. （4）Jack （phne）Jane every night fr the last week. （5）We （see）each ther quite a lt recently. （6）Tm’s hands are very dirty. He （repair） the car. （7）Yu knw，yu really （make） things terribly difficult fr him. （8）The little by is dirty all ver because he （play） in the mud all the mrning. 完成句子（9）Here he is! We （一直焦急地等待） fr him since last night. （10）Cathy is taking ntes f the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine Schl，_______________________________（她一直在那里学习）.
has been taking
have been making
have been trying
has been phning
have been seeing
has been repairing
has been playing
have been waiting
where she has been studying
3 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别（1）现在完成时强调完成和影响，现在完成进行时强调未完成和动作。I’ve been ding my hmewrk. 我一直在做家庭作业。（还在做） I’ve finished my hmewrk. 我已做完家庭作业了。（已完成） （2）现在完成时经常表单个事件，现在完成进行时可表重复事件。Julia has gne t the library. 朱莉娅去图书馆了。（单个事件） Julia has been ging t the library fr a year. 朱莉娅在一年间经常去图书馆。（重复事件） （3）现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时含感情色彩。What have yu dne? 你做什么了？（仅是问问） Where have yu been? I have been waiting fr yu in the rain fr tw hurs. 你去哪里了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。（表示不满）
（4）表重复时，现在完成时强调成果，讲次数；现在完成进行时强调持续，不讲次数。I have sent thirty e-mails this mrning. 我今天上午发了三十封电子邮件。I have been sending e-mails this mrning. 我今天上午一直在发电子邮件。（5）不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。The war has lasted fr a lng time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。（6）现在完成进行时不用于被动语态。若要用，可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。The huse has been painted fr a mnth. 房子已经粉刷了一个月了。
单句语法填空（1）It （rain） every day this mnth. （2）S far this year we （see） a fall in huse prices by between 5 and 10 percent. （3）I （drink） five cups f cffee this afternn. （4）Nw that she is ut f wrk，Lucy （think） abut ging back t schl，but she hasn’t decided yet. （5）He is the mst creative man that I （meet）. （6）All these years we （try） t get in tuch with him. 完成句子（7）We （已经打扫了房屋）. Yu may cme in nw. （8）Since that unfrtunate accident last week， I （一直睡得不好）. （9）She （一直睡）fr 6 hurs and still can’t wake up.
has been raining
has been thinking
have been trying
have cleaned the huse
haven’t been sleeping well
has been sleeping
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