初中英语Unit 6 Electricity练习题
展开1. 掌握本单元重点句型;
2. 掌握情态动词的概念及用法
语法 |
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- can的用法。
1) 表能力
We can do our homework by ourselves. 我们可以自己完成作业。
He can swim well. 他游泳很好。
I can play football but I can’t play the piano. 我会踢足球但是我不会弹钢琴。
2)表许可
You can watch TV after supper. 晚饭后你可以看电视。
You can’t play basketball in the street. 你不能在街上打篮球。
3) 表请求
Can you help me with my math? 你能帮我学数学吗?
Could you lend your book to me? 你能把你的书借给我吗?
注意:could 是can的过去式,但是这里并不表示过去时,而是表示委婉语气。
拓展:can 和be able to的区别
(1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式,现在式can和过去式could,而be able to有多种时态形式。在一般过去时中都表示能够时,两者可以互换。
例如:Mary can play the piano. (一般现在时)
玛丽会弹钢琴。
She could / was able to play the piano when she was five.
(一般过去时)
她五岁时就会弹琴。
She has been able to play it since she was five. (现在完成时)
她自从五岁起就会弹琴了。
(2)用在过去时中,could经常表示能够做某事,事实上不一定去做,而was ⁄were able to则表示“过去设法做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。
例如:He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn’t want to do it that day.
他能游过英吉利海峡,但那天他不想游。
Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain.
昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。
4) 表示“不可能……”
情态动词can的否定式,可以用来表示否定的推测,意为“不可能……”。
例如:That can’t be her father, because her father has gone to England.
那个人不可能是她爸爸,因为她爸爸已经去英国了。
2. may
1)表示请求和允许
例如:May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?
You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。
2)表示推测
情态动词may表示推测时,意思是“可能(会),或许(会)”。
例如:It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。
She may be at home. 她可能在家呢。
3)may的过去式
may的过去式为might,语气比may弱。表示推测时,可能性低于may。
例如:He is away from school. He might be sick.
他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。
4)表示希望、祈求、祝愿
may表示希望、祈求、祝愿时,常可译为“祝…,但愿”。
例如:May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。
May you be happy! 祝你幸福!
May you succeed! 祝你成功!
3. must
1)表必须
情态动词must在肯定句中后跟动词原形,表示“必须”的含义。
例如:You must finish your homework on time. 你必须按时完成作业。
We must return the books on time. 我们必须按时把书归还。
2)在否定结构中表“禁止,不许”
例如:You mustn't leave here. 不允许你离开这儿。
You mustn’t shout in the classroom. 禁止在教室喊叫。
3)表推测
must用于肯定句中的推测,意为“一定是……”。
例如:He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
The light is on, so he must be at home now. 灯亮着,他现在肯定在家。
4. have to
have to是一个词组,相当于情态动词,表示“不得不,必须”。一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,要将have变成has。一般过去时中,要将have变成had。
例如:We have to be quiet in the library. 你必须在图书馆保持安静
She has to finish her homework before she goes home.
她在回家前必须完成作业。
拓展:have to 和 must的区别
have to表示“必须”时,和must意思相近, 有时可以互换。但是有以下不同:
(1)must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to 侧重于客观上的必要。
例如:I know I must study hard. 我知道我必须努力学习。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.
我弟弟病得厉害, 我只得半夜里把医生请来。
(2)must 和have to的否定式意义区别很大。mustn’t表示“不允许和禁止”,但是don’t have to 表示“不必要”。
例如:You mustn’t park your car here. 不允许在这里停车。
You don’t have to go now. 你没必要现在走。
(3) have to可以用于多种时态,并且有人称和数的变化;而must一般只表示现在或将来,没有人称和数的变化。
例如:I /We/ You/They… must do something.
我(我们/你/你们/他们……)必须得做点什么。
She has to look after her mother today. 她今天必须照看她妈妈。
5. 情态动词的问答
1) 由can引起的提问,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can’t。
例如:-Can you open the door? 你能打开门吗?
-Yes, I can. 是的,可以。
-No, I can’t. 不,不可以。
2)由may引起的提问,肯定回答用may/can, 否定回答用can’t/mustn’t。
例如:-May I open the window? 我可以打开窗户吗?
-Yes, you can / may. 是的,可以。
-No,you can’t / mustn’t. 不,不行/不允许。
3)由must引起的提问,肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn’t/ don’t have to。
例如:-Must I finish my homework now? 我现在必须完成作业吗?
-Yes, you must. 是的,必须。
-No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 不,不必。
综合练习
1. We should keep quiet in the cinema. We speak loudly.
A. can B. must C. needn’t D. mustn’t
2. —Mum, I’ve signed for the box. What’s in it?
—I’m not sure. It _____ be a present from your uncle.
A . need B. must C. may D. will
3. This pair of glasses ______ be Tony’s. He’s the only one who wears glasses.
A. must B. might C. can't
4. —Mom, I visit the art museum next Monday?
—I’m afraid you can’t . All museums in the city are closed on Monday.
A. would B. need C. should D. may
5.—Listen! I think it be Mr. White singing in the office.
—No. It be him. He left for London just now.
A. must; mustn’t B. may; mustn’t C. must; can’t D. can; can
6.—You look very pretty, if I say so.
—Thanks a lot for saying that.
- must B. may C. will D. have to
7.—I’ve bought all the food for the party tonight.
—Thank you. Then I go to the supermarket.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
8.—Excuse me, is this the right way to the Children’s Palace?
—Sorry, I’m not sure. But it be.
A. mustn’t B. might C. can’t D. must
9.—Look! Why are there so many people?
— There are some policemen. I think there a traffic accident.
A. must have B. can have C. is going to be D. must be
10.—I saw Mr. White in his office just now.
—No, it be him. He has Beijing and will come back next Friday.
A. can’t; gone to B. can’t; been to
C. mustn’t; gone to D. mustn’t; been to
11. — I try on this sweater in the window?
— It is just on show.
A. Could; Yes, you can. B. Can; Sorry, you couldn’t
C. Could; Sorry, you can’t. D. Can; Yes, you could.
- —Doctor Wang, I’m feeling much better. Must I go on taking the medicine?
—No, you . You’ll get well soon.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t
13. People drive after drinking alcohol(酒). It’s against the law.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t
答案:
1. D. 2. C. 3. A. 5. C. 6. B. 7. D. 8. B. 9. D. 10. A. 11. C. 12. C. 13. A.
- I’m sorry. I go now. My father is waiting for me outside.
A. can B. may C. have to D. could
2. —Mum, I watch TV now?
—No, you . You _____finish your homework first.
A. May; can’t; must B. can; can’t; may
C. must; needn’t; must D. may; mustn’t; can
3. He be tired now after working for ten hours.
A. have to B. need C. must D. would
4.We cannot change the past. You it again.
A. had not better say B. had better not say
C. had better not to say D. had better say not
5. The doctor told him that he really give up drinking because of his poor health.
A. will B. may C. can D. should
6. —Can I park my car here?
— . There is so much traffic here.
A. Never mind. B. You’d better not. C. Of course not. D. Yes, please.
7. Look at the “No parking” sign. You park your car here.
A. should B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. need
8.In some countries, people download music from the Internet without paying , because it against the law.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
9. —Sixty dollars for such a T-shirt! You be joking!
—I’m serious. It’s made of silk from Hangzhou.
A. Must B. need C. will D. can
10.When you are travelling, bring a map because it help you.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. used to D. may
11.— ____ I make a phone call here, Mr. Chen?
— No, you ______, but you _____make a phone call in the lounge(休息室).
A. Must; may not ; have to B. May; mustn’t; can
C. Should; can’t; may D. Must; needn’t; have to
12. —Have you got the results of the exam?
—No. All we do now is to wait.
A. must B. can C. may D. could
13. — I hand in the report today? —No, you needn’t.
- Can B. Must C. Shall D. Could
14. —Does he need there at once?
—No, he leave so hurriedly because he has enough time.
A. to go; doesn’t need B. go; needn’t C. to go; needn’t
- —Hi, you _____walk on the grass.
—Sorry, I do it again.
A. can’t , will B. needn’t, won’t C. mustn’t, won’t
答案:
1. C. 2. A. 3. C. 4. B. 5.D. 6. B. 7.C. 8. C. 9. A. 10. D 11. B. 13. B.
14. C. 15. C.
语法 | 1.本单元重点语法情态动词的用法。
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学生易错点整理:
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