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2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市涟水县第一中学高一上学期第二次阶段检测英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市涟水县第一中学高一上学期第二次阶段检测英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，5 分，满分 22等内容，欢迎下载使用。
涟水县第一中学2022-2023学年第一学期高一年级第二次阶段检测
英语 试卷
考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5个小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do next?
A. Have a class. B. Buy some tickets. C. Change her schedule.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The stars. B. A rainbow. C. The fireworks.
3. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. At breakfast. B. At lunch. C. At dinner.
4. Where does the conversation most likely take place?
A. At a zoo. B. At a circus. C. At a camp.
5. What does the man mean?
A. Marcie is a busy woman.
B. Marcie isn’t very polite.
C. Marcie loves talking on the phone.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题7.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What is the woman planning to do during her vacation?
A. Go skiing. B. Have a get-together. C. Make some sweaters.
7 What makes the man nervous?
A. Getting hurt during skiing.
B. Wearing an ugly sweater.
C. Making snacks for a party.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What does the man say about his university?
A. His classes were difficult.
B. The fee was cheaper than it is now.
C. He received some help from the school.
9. What are the speakers trying to do?
A. Convince their daughter to go to a private university.
B. Encourage their daughter to get a scholarship.
C. Get their daughter to attend a public university.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What language of the television series is the woman watching?
A. English. B. French. C. Chinese.
11. What does the woman do during the television series?
A. She translates the lines into another language.
B. She writes down some words and phrases.
C. She focuses on the translating app.
12. Who says “please punish me” in the television series?
A. The servants. B. The emperor. C. The emperor’s son.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Where is the most famous monster according to the woman?
A. In Canada. B. In Scotland. C. In China.
14. When did the university conduct its study on Kanas Lake?
A. In 1933. B. In 1970. C. In 1985.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Father and daughter.
16. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Have a talk with a family member.
B. Read a book about monsters.
C. Finish a biology report.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a history lecture.
B. Hosting a program.
C. Advertising a product.
18. When were blue jeans first created?
A. In the 19th century. B. In the 20th century. C. In the 21st century.
19. Who were jeans designed for at first?
A. Poor people who needed cheap clothes.
B. Americans who had difficult jobs.
C. People who liked the blue color.
20. What does the speaker seem to think about modern jeans?
A. They are useful. B. They are cheap. C. They are varied.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题.2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Family sizes are shrinking around the world. In many countries, families are having fewer than two children.
Smaller families mean many children now grow up with fewer cousins. This is hard to imagine, as I come from a large extended family with 23 first cousins on one side and 25 on the other.
Sometimes when I can’t sleep, I test my mental acuity (敏锐度) by trying to name all my relatives. Then in the morning I get up and wonder if I should make an appointment with a brain specialist.
Of course, almost all of those cousins have married and had children and now their children are having children.
With extended families growing so large and spreading so far, get-togethers have nearly become a thing of the past.
One of the last gatherings on my father’s side was at the home of a cousin who has a place in the country on top of a hill. A tent was set up with long tables creaking (吱嘎作响) under the weight of fried chicken, potato salad and chocolate cake. A fishing hole waited nearby for the kids. Vehicles poured in from every direction, parking on the drive, the grass, wherever they could find a spot. There was talking and laughing and joking and food.
While such gatherings had grown infrequent, we were all happy to be together.
Although some of us had not seen one another since so-and-so’s wedding or somebody’s father’s funeral, most people were still easy to recognize. Three sisters who sat together all had the same beautiful skin their mother had.
The cousin with bright blue eyes who raced her horse as a teenager still had bright blue eyes. An older cousin who gave me piano lessons when I was young and naughty seemed to have forgiven me.
We share a gene pool (基因库) of people who work hard and laugh often.
It was very dark when the last set of taillights (尾灯) disappeared into the night. As we gathered our things, said our goodbyes and prepared to leave, a cousin called to me saying,“Don’t forget where you come from”.
I never could. And I’d never try.
1. How did the author feel about family gatherings?
A. Joyful. B. Disappointed. C. Bored. D. Annoyed
2. With the detailed description of her cousins in childhood, what does the author want to express?
A. Family members share the same genes.
B. Family members are always in her heart.
C. Memories of childhood last for a long time.
D. Big families have many advantages.
3. Why did the author write the article?
A. To explain how to get on with families
B. To introduce her family members to readers.
C. To call on people to have larger families.
D. To share her thoughts about extended families.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者来自于一个大家庭，虽然家庭规模在扩大，但大家聚在一起的机会越来越少，而作者和亲戚都很珍惜彼此之间的感情纽带。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第七段“While such gatherings had grown infrequent, we were all happy to be together. (虽然这样的聚会越来越少，但我们都很高兴能在一起。)”可知，作者觉得虽然家庭聚会越来越少，但是大家都很高兴在一起，由此可知作者对于家庭聚会是感到高兴的；故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第四段“The cousin with bright blue eyes who raced her horse as a teenager still had bright blue eyes. An older cousin who gave me piano lessons when I was young and naughty seemed to have forgiven me. (那位十几岁时参加赛马的表妹，有一双明亮的蓝眼睛，现在仍然有一双明亮的蓝眼睛。我的一个表哥在我年轻淘气的时候给我上过钢琴课，他似乎原谅了我。)”可知，作者清楚地描述了他童年时跟表兄弟姐妹之间的事情，作者对童年时与表亲之间的交往记忆犹新，由此推知虽然不常聚在一起，但家人们一直在作者的心中；故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了虽然世界各地的家庭规模都在缩小，意味着很多孩子在成长过程中很少有表亲。但作者很难想象这个，因为他来自于一个大家庭。作者描述了来自于一个大家庭是怎样的经历，并着重描写了大家庭的一次聚会，展现了与亲戚之间的感情纽带；由此说明作者写这个就是为了分享他对大家庭的看法；故选D项。
B
It’s commonly thought that boys perform better than girls in math and science. Researchers have challenged that stereotype (刻板印象) for a longtime, and a recent study, published in the journal Nature Communications in September, found a new way to attack it.
The study found that women are better than men at sustaining (维持)their performance on longer tests, including math and science.
Researchers Pau Balart, from the University of the Balearic Islands in Spain, and Matthijs Oosterveen from Erasmus University in the Netherlands, analyzed data collected every three years from 2006 to 2015. The data came from 74 countries and regions, for the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).This is a standardized test of 15-year-old students’ performance in reading, math and science.
Their earlier results agreed with earlier findings that boys do better than girls in math and science. But when they compared the two groups’ scores at different stages of the test, girls tended to perform more stably(稳定地) in math and science, while boys started getting fewer correct answers.
Although boys seemed to show advantages from the start in math and science, the authors wrote, “This finding suggests that longer tests shrink it in math and science,“ according to Nature. To prove this, the researchers analyzed another database with over 400 math tests, which lasted longer than PISA’s two hours. They found that, at least for math, the scoring gap between boys and girls decreased.
This isn’t the observation of better test endurance (忍耐力) in women. Oxford University used to add an extra 15 minutes to its math and computer science exams. They found female students’ scores improved.
Olga Shurchkov, an associate professor at Wellesley College in the US, told Newsweek: “This study is important because it provides cross-country evidence that suggests these gender (性别) gaps can be reduced.”
In her earlier study, she found that, given more time, women tended to be more careful and make fewer mistakes. They also were less likely to quit a task early. This also supports the finding of the present study.
4. What did the new study find?
A. Boys are better than girls at math and science.
B. Girls usually do better than boys in shorter tests.
C. The length of a test affects girls and boys’ scores.
D. Girls prefer longer math and science tests than boys
5. What does the underlined word “shrink” probably mean?
A. make something grow in number
B. make something smaller
C. keep something the same
D. make something appear
6. As to the findings about female students on tests, which of the following is true?
A. They tended to be more patient and careful on longer tests
B. They were not as quick at thinking as male students.
C. They tended to perform better at the beginning of a test.
D. .They were more likely to give up on longer tests.
7. According to the text what is the importance of the study?
A. It answered questions raised by earlier studies.
B. It is the first cross-country study of gender gaps on tests.
C. It could attract girls to study math and science.
D. It could help to reduce gender gaps on tests.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过研究，推翻了我们以往认为男孩在数学和科学方面比女孩做的好的观点。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The study found that women are better than men at sustaining (维持)their performance on longer tests, including math and science.”（研究发现，女性在数学和科学等更长时间的考试中，能够更好地保持自己的成绩。）及第四段“Their earlier results agreed with earlier findings that boys do better than girls in math and science. But when they compared the two groups’ scores at different stages of the test, girls tended to perform more stably(稳定地) in math and science, while boys started getting fewer correct answers.”（他们早期的研究结果与之前的发现一致，即男孩在数学和科学方面比女孩做得更好。但是当他们比较两组在不同测试阶段的分数时，女孩在数学和科学方面的表现更加稳定，而男孩开始得到较少的正确答案。）可知，新的研究结果表明，当测试的时间更长时，女孩要比男孩更好地保持自己的成绩。即测试的时间长短会影响女孩和男孩的分数。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的后两句“To prove this, the researchers analyzed another database with over 400 math tests, which lasted longer than PISA’s two hours. They found that, at least for math, the scoring gap between boys and girls decreased.”（为了证明这一点，研究人员分析了另一个包含400多个数学测试的数据库，这些测试持续的时间超过了 PISA 的两个小时。他们发现，至少在数学方面，男孩和女孩之间的得分差距缩小了。）可知，为了证明，研究人员作了实验来证明较长的测试时间能够缩短男孩在数学和科学方面的优势，所以划线词此处的含义为“缩短”，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In her earlier study, she found that, given more time, women tended to be more careful and make fewer mistakes. They also were less likely to quit a task early. ”（在她早期的研究中，她发现，如果给予女性更多的时间，她们往往会更加谨慎，犯的错误也会更少。她们也不太可能提前退出任务。）可知，根据Olga Shurchkov早期的研究，给予女性更多的时间，女生往往比男生更加更加谨慎，更加有耐心。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句““This study is important because it provides cross-country evidence that suggests these gender (性别) gaps can be reduced.””（“这项研究之所以重要，是因为它提供了跨国证据，表明这些性别差距可以缩小。”）可知，这个研究的重要在于它可以把帮助人们缩小性别差距。故选D。
C
Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17 years old, he traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.
When they eventually arrived in Beijing, they were warmly welcomed by Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty Emperor. Marco was very clever and could speak four languages. The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends. He asked Marco to serve in his court and sent him to so many important tasks across the country.
Marco Polo, in turn, was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was. He was very impressed by Beijing and the Emperor’s Palace, especially the Summer Palace. There were many inventions and developments in China, which were not available in Europe at that time. Marco Polo was amazed to see Chinese people using paper money in markets. In Europe, people paid for goods with gold pr silver. He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel, as he had never seen coal before!
After 17 years of service to the Emperor, Marco Polo returned to Italy. Unluckily, a local war broke out, and he was caught and put into prison. He met another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner was an author and he took dictation while listening. Later he wrote the stories in a book called The Description of the World, one of the best sellers (畅销书) in Europe.
8. Why did Marco Polo and his father travel to China?
A. . To write a book about China. B. To draw a map of China.
C. To trade with Chinese D. To make friends with the Chinese.
9. Marco Polo was amazed to see Chinese people paying for goods with________.
A. paper money B. silver C. gold. D. black stones
10 Who wrote the book The Descriptions of the World?
A. Kublai Khan B. Marco Polo’s father C. Marco Polo D. A prisoner
11. What do you know about Marco Polo from the passage?
A. He helped his father learn four languages
B. He serves the Emperor for 17 years.
C. He became a prisoner in Beijing.
D. He taught Chinese people how to use coal
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马可波罗出生在意大利，17岁跟父亲来到中国，对中国的美丽和强大感到惊讶，他为皇帝服务了17年后回到了意大利。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When he was 17 years old, he traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. (17岁时，他随父亲游历欧洲和亚洲，父亲想和中国人做生意。)”可知马可波罗和他的父亲来中国是因为他的父亲想和中国人做生意；故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Marco Polo was amazed to see Chinese people using paper money in markets. In Europe, people paid for goods with gold pr silver. (马可波罗惊讶地看到中国人在市场上使用纸币。在欧洲，人们用黄金或白银购买商品。) ”可知马可波罗看到中国人用纸币购物很惊讶；故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Unluckily, a local war broke out, and he was caught and put into prison. He met another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner was an author and he took dictation while listening. Later he wrote the stories in a book called The Descriptions of the World, one of the best sellers (畅销书) in Europe. (不幸的是，当地爆发了一场战争，他被抓进了监狱。他遇到了另一个喜欢听他讲中国故事的囚犯。囚犯是个作家，他一边听一边听写。后来，他把这些故事写进了一本名为《世界描述》的书中，这本书是欧洲最畅销的书之一。)”可知是那名囚犯将马可波罗所述的故事写进了一本名为《世界描述》的书中，故这名囚犯是这本书的作者；故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“After 17 years of service to the Emperor, Marco Polo returned to Italy. (在为皇帝服务了17年之后，马可波罗回到了意大利。)”可知马可波罗为皇帝服务了17年；故选B项。
D
People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling（骑自行车） in Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹) for years. It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and there are plenty of places for bicycle parking. Today some people call Amsterdam “City of Bicycles” because of the convenience for bicycles there.
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans had an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city center and only bicycles were. They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in lots of neighborhoods around Amsterdam for people to use. Then a problem came-- thieves took all the bicycles within weeks!
However more than thirty years later, the “white bike’ is back in town--this time with a computer chip（芯片） to record its every move! To take a bicycle, you have to insert(插入) a special card. The new “ white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours. The bikes are parked at special parking places and people who want to use them have to take them to another special parking place that has enough room.
There is already less traffic in central Amsterdam, because both locals and tourists have been using the white bikes. Instead, thanks to the good ideas of lots of people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s, many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars many years.
12. Amsterdam is called the “City of Bicycles” because of_________.
A. the cycling fans there B. the appearance for bicycles
C. the convenience of bicycles D. the quality of bicycles
13. In the 1960s, some cycling fans hoped bikes could_________．
A. be specially designed B. help to save energy
C. be placed anywhere D. be painted in different colours
14. Why did the first “white bike” plan fail?
A. There were not enough parking places.
B. The government allowed people to drive cars freely.
C. Thieves took all the bikes within weeks.
D. People were tired of riding bikes.
15. What do people use if they want to take a “white bike” in the city?
A. A special computer. B. A common chip.
C. A special card. D. A white key.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了因为在这座城市，自行车很方便，阿姆斯特丹被称为“自行车之城”，并且介绍了“white bike”的出现及发展历史。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Today some people call Amsterdam “City of Bicycles” because of the convenience for bicycles there.可知阿姆斯特丹被称为“自行车之城”是因为在这座城市，自行车很方便，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.可知在20世纪60年代，一些自行车迷希望自行车能够帮助节省能量，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Then a problem came-- thieves took all the bicycles within weeks!可知第一次“white bike”计划失败是因为在一周内，小偷偷走了所有的自行车，故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段To take a bicycle, you have to insert(插入) a special card.可知如果人们想要在这座城市使用一辆“white bike”，他们要用一个特殊的卡，故选C。
第二节 七选五阅读 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Attacking school fears
There are real fears and imagined ones. Most school dangers are imagined. ___16___ Many students have learned to fear teachers and classrooms, textbooks and tests. So first let’s determine what the fears are, and then attack them in a good problem-solving way.
Fear of failure
Most students have plenty of ability to meet school demands. Most assignments and courses are within reason, more likely to be boring than difficult. ___17___ Once you have had a few successes, you will begin to overcome this fear.
Fear of teachers
This is clearly an unreal fear. Look around at your fellow students. Some of them will be teachers. As you can see, there is nothing special about them. ___18___ You can get to know them better out of class. Visit them and chat with them.
Fear of talking in class
Anyone can make a mistake, but an hour later people will not even remember a mistake was made. ___19___ Also keep in mind that your performance in class is almost never the main part of your grade.
___20___
This fear can help you watch for real danger. The future can be dangerous. But to let it keep you from trying new things would be to give up life. Your own experience shows that most of the time things work out all right. The more things you try out, the more you will feel at home.
A. Fear of starting out
B. Fear of potential danger
C. Rarely is it lack of ability that makes people fail.
D. This is because they are much more concerned with themselves.
E. So don’t hand over power to teachers that they don’t really have.
F. However, school institutions have made most people think otherwise.
G. Often something else is the real problem, not what you first identified.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些对学校的恐惧的原因。
【16题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据下文：许多学生学会了害怕教师、教室、教科书和考试。可知上文是对下文的“别的方面”的一个解释：但是学校总是让人想到别的方面，即让人感到恐惧。故选F。
【17题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据上文：大多数作业和课程都是合理的，更有可能是无聊的而不是困难的。可知下文：那不是缺少能力让人做不出来。因为作业并不难。选择项中的ability与前文have plenty of ability相一致。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据本段的主题句：对老师的恐惧。可知下文继续解释，说明老师没什么可以让人恐惧的。老师没有让人恐惧的能力。他们没什么特殊的，你可以在课外了解他们。所以不要把权力交给老师，他们并没有真正的权力。故选E。
【19题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据上文所说任何人都可以犯错误，但一个小时后，人们甚至都不会记得你曾经犯过错误。可知下文他们恐惧的原因是因为他们更关注自己。而不是别人的关注。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。此处考查小标题。根据前面的小标题可知，标题应该为Fear of…。根据下文所述是讲对潜在危险的恐惧。特别是第一句：这种恐惧可以帮助你警惕真正的危险。此句中的“this”是指本段的主题句中的“潜在的危险”。故选B。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Which comes first, happiness or money? Are richer people happier? And ____21____, how do people get richer? A recent study could tell you the answer.
The study ____22____ thousands of teenagers and found that those who felt better about life as young adults ____23____ to have higher incomes by the time they ____24____ 29. Those who were happiest earned an average of $8,000 more than those who were the most ____25____.
The researchers, from University College London and the University of Warwick, say that very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers, ____26____ the happier ones earned ____27____ 30% more.
Happier teenagers have an easier time ____28____ school, college and the job interview, ____29____ because they always feel better about life. It may also be true that happier people find it easier to make friends, who are often the key to homework help or networking.
A report in June suggested that professional respect was more important than _____30_____ in terms of workplace happiness. In August scientists announced that they had found the _____31_____ for happiness in women. Alas! The same gene doesn’t appear to have _____32_____effect on men. And in October researchers in the UK and in the US announced that people who eat seven portions of fruit and vegetables a day report being the happiest.
If it is really true that happier kids _____33_____ being wealthier kids, is it necessary for parents to get their kids to do the homework? The fact is that no homework will make kids happy but surely hurt their grades. Studies do show, _____34_____, that more education _____35_____ better-paid jobs, which may give us a deep thought.
21. A. if not B. if any C. if so D. if ever
22. A. looked around B. looked out C. looked into D. looked through
23. A. tended B. attained C. attended D. attached
24. A. got B. grew C. went D. turned
25. A. depressed B. fantastic C. delighted D. admirable
26. A. when B. while C. as D. though
27. A. up to B. right now C. right away D. down to
28. A. getting through B. getting down C. getting out D. getting over
29. A. chiefly B. just C. simply D. only
30. A. friends B. dollars C. jobs D. parents
31. A. gene B. brand C. character D. nature
32. A. the best B. the different C. the same D. the most
33. A. come up B. turn up C. take up D. end up
34. A. first of all B. after all C. at all D. for all
35. A. exists in B. relies on C. results from D. contributes to
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。研究表明幸福感与富有有密切的关系，调查发现，幸福感强的青少人比感到消极的青少人收入更高，研究还表示幸福感和基因与饮食习惯有关，最后文章展示了通过不做家庭作业来增加孩子的幸福感与教育和更好的工作密切相关之间的矛盾。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果是这样，人们如何变得更富有？A. if not要是不；B. if any如果有的话；C. if so如果是这样的话；D. if ever（用于过去时，加强语气）如果真的。由上文的“Which comes first, happiness or money? Are richer people happier?(幸福和金钱哪个先？富人更幸福吗？)”和下文的“how do people get richer?”可知，设空处一定是肯定的假设“如果是这样的话”才会有下文“人们怎样能变得更富有？”这一问题的出现。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项研究对数千名青少年进行了调查，发现那些年轻时对生活感觉更好的人在29岁时往往收入更高。A. looked around环顾四周；B. looked out当心；C. looked into调查；D. looked through浏览。由上文的“The study”和下文的“found”可知，该研究调查了数千名青少年。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究对数千名青少年进行了调查，发现那些年轻时对生活感觉更好的人在29岁时往往收入更高。A. tended趋向；B. attained得到；C. attended出席；D. attached重视。由下文的“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers, ____6____ the happier ones earned ____7____ 30% more. (非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，……快乐的青少年收入……30%)”可知，研究发现快乐的青少年比非常沮丧的青少年赚的钱更多，所以句中“those who felt better about life as young adults”趋向于“have higher incomes”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究对数千名青少年进行了调查，发现那些年轻时对生活感觉更好的人在29岁时往往收入更高。A. got得到；B. grew生长；C. went去；D. turned成为、变成。由下文的数字“29”可知，这里应该说的是年龄到29岁，turn作连系动词表示“成为，变成”，后面跟年龄。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最快乐的人比最沮丧的人平均多挣8000美元。A. depressed沮丧的；B. fantastic极好的；C. delighted高兴的；D. admirable可钦佩的。由下文的“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers, ____6____ the happier ones earned ____7____ 30% more. (非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，……快乐的青少年收入……30%)”可知，研究发现快乐的青少年比非常沮丧的青少年赚的钱更多，这里比较的是“Those who were happiest”和“the most depressed”两类人，呼应下文“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens”。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：来自伦敦大学学院和华威大学的研究人员表示，非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，而快乐的青少年收入高达30%。A. when当……时候；B. while然而；C. as因为；D. though尽管。由上文的“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers”可知，句中是快乐的青少年和非常沮丧的青少年的年收入的对比，连词while表示对比关系。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：来自伦敦大学学院和华威大学的研究人员表示，非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，而快乐的青少年收入高达30%。A. up to高达、多达；B. right now马上；C. right away立刻；D. down to一直到。由上文语境可知，消极的青少年赚得少，快乐的青少年赚得多，赚的多达30%。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：快乐的青少年更容易通过学校、大学和工作面试，主要是因为他们对生活总是感觉更好。A. getting through完成、通过；B. getting down使某人沮丧；C. getting out出去；D. getting over恢复。由常识和下文的“school, college and the job interview”可知，快乐的青少年更容易完成各个阶段的任务。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：快乐的青少年更容易通过学校、大学和工作面试，主要是因为他们对生活总是感觉更好。A. chiefly主要是；B. just只是；C. simply仅仅；D. only只有。由下文的“because they always feel better about life”可知，句中是在陈述快乐的青少年取得成功的原因，根据逻辑常识可知，他们的心态是主要原因。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：6月份的一份报告表明，在工作场所的幸福感方面，职业尊重比工作更重要。A. friends朋友；B. dollars美元；C. jobs工作；D. parents父母。由上文的“professional respect was more important than”可知，句中是把职业尊重与工作本身进行比较。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：8月，科学家宣布他们在女性身上发现了幸福基因。A. gene基因；B. brand品牌；C. character人物；D. nature自然。由下文的“The same gene doesn’t appear to have ____12____effect on men.(同样的基因似乎对男性没有……影响)”可知，该空说的是基因。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样的基因似乎对男性没有同样的影响。A. the best最好的；B. the different不同的；C. the same同样的；D. the most最多的。由本处语境可知，研究否定了快乐基因对男性的影响，没有同样的效果。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果更快乐的孩子最终会成为更富有的孩子，那么父母有必要让孩子做家庭作业吗？A. come up即将发生；B. turn up出现；C. take up占据；D. end up最终成为，最终会。由上文反复讲到快乐的青少年长大后会更富有，结合本句“If it is really true that happier kids ____13____ being wealthier kids”中是同样的表达，作者产生思考：如果更快乐的孩子最终会成为更富有的孩子，那么他们由必要学习吗。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，研究表明，更多的教育有助于更好的工作，这可能会让我们深思。A. first of all首先；B. after all毕竟；C. at all根本；D. for all虽然。上文“The fact is that no homework will make kids happy but surely hurt their grades.”先说没有家庭作业可以让孩子们更快乐，接着说没作业会影响考试分数，下文讲研究表明教育会带来更高收入的工作，这里出现了一种转折，after all表示“毕竟”，用来表示与预期相反。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，研究表明，更多的教育有助于更好的工作，这可能会让我们深思。A. exists in在于；B. relies on依靠；C. results from由……产生；D. contributes to导致、有助于。由上文的“more education”和下文的“better-paid jobs”可知，更多的教育有助于找到更高收入的工作。故选D项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school ____36____ (begin) at last. I was ____37____ little anxious (焦虑的) in the morning, ____38____ (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing after all. However, things turned ____39____ just fine. Both my teachers and ____40____ (classmate) made a good impression on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates was so talkative ____41____ he kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, but I felt quite angry ____42____ I couldn’t concentrate. I was too frightened ____43____ (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than ____44____ at junior high school. There is a lot for me ____45____ (explore). I hope I can fit in soon.
【答案】36. began
37. a 38. worrying
39 out 40. classmates
41. that 42. because##as
43. to tell
44. those 45. to explore
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一天上高中的所见、所闻和所感。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：经过一个漫长的暑假，我在高中的新生活最终开始了。本文讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填began。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：早上我有一点焦虑，担心交不到新朋友。根据句意可知，此处表示“有一点焦虑”，用a little anxious符合题意；故填a。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：早上我有点焦虑，担心交不到新朋友。分析句子可知本句已有谓语，空处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和worry之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；故填worrying。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然而，结果一切都很好。根据句意可知，此处应填表示“证明是，结果是”的短语，用turn out符合题意；故填out。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：我的老师和同学都给我留下了很好的印象。分析句子可知此处泛指同学，应用classmate的复数形式；故填classmates。
【41题详解】
考查固定结构。句意：事实上，我的一个同学非常健谈，在实验过程中他一直在和我说话！根据句意和so判断此处为固定结构so…that…，译为“如此……以至于……”；故填that。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：也许他只是想给我留下深刻印象，但我感到很生气，因为我无法集中注意力。根据句意可知，我生气的原因是因为我不能集中注意力，所以这里表原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句；故填because/as。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我太害怕了，不敢叫他别来烦我。分析句子可知，此处为too...to...类型的固定句型，译为“太……而不能……”；根据英文提示，故填to tell。
【44题详解】
考查指示代词。句意：这些课比初中的课难得多。根据句意可知，空处是用来指代“这些课程”，在这种前后进行对比的句型中，指代同类异物通常用that或者those，that代指单数或不可数，those代指可数名词复数；故填those。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：对我来说还有很多可以探索的东西。分析句子可知，空处与a lot之间是动宾关系，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰a lot；故填to explore。
第四部分 课本基础知识(共25分)
第一节根据汉语提示或语法完成句子(每题1分，共10分)。
46. If both sides agree, the contract can be renewed ________ (annual)．（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】annually
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：如果双方达成一致的话，合同可以每年更新。根据句子分析可知，此处修饰动词can be renewed，应用副词annually“每年地，年度地”。故填annually。
47. I rarely have an occasion _______ I can spend a whole afternoon with my kids. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】when/on which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我很少有能够和我的孩子们在一起呆一下午的时候。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词occasion，先行词occasion的意思是“场合，时候”，表示时间，它在从句中作状语，所以用关系副词when或者用on which引导定语从句。故填when/on which。
48. Today some ________(tradition) customs are still observed in rural areas of China,but they have been weakened in urban cities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】traditional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天，一些传统习俗在中国农村地区仍然存在，但在城市里已经被削弱了。根据句意，应用形容词traditional作定语修饰名词customs，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。
49. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were ________(decorate) with houseplants.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】decorated
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所装饰有室内植物时，他们的工作效率提高了15%。根据句意和空格前的were以及所给动词decorate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入decorate的过去分词形式decorated构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填decorated。
50. The ________(信封) remains to be ranked,so I have no time to chat with you. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】envelope
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：信封还在排序，所以我没有时间和你聊天。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用名词envelope作主语，谓语动词remains为单数形式，所以主语也为单数形式。故填envelope。
51. The picture was taken from an unknown ________.(角度) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】angle
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这张照片是从一个未知的角度拍摄的。分析句子可知，空处缺名词作宾语；由an可知空处填单数名词；根据汉语提示，故填angle。
52. Followers feel________ (energy), confident, and never more alive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：追随者们感到精力充沛、自信，而且从未像现在这样充满活力。系动词feel后需接形容词作表语，energy的形容词为energetic“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。
53. Try talking to different community members, ________ (range) from youths to seniors. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ranging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尝试与从年轻人到老年人范围内不同的社区成员交谈。分析句子结构可知，空前祈使句结构完整，此空应用非谓语动词，且是空前名词community members的定语，community members与range...from...to“（范围）从……到……”之间是主动关系，所以用range的现在分词，故填ranging。
54. There's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab ____ (equip). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】equipment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备。名词equipment意为“设备”，连词or连接并列名词terms 和名词equipment作介词of的宾语，equipment是不可数名词。故填equipment。
55. It has been proved _______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：事实证明，在童年时期吃蔬菜有助于在以后的生活中预防严重疾病。根据句子结构，it为形式主语，设空处后句意完整，应用连接代词that引导真正的主语从句。故填that。
第二节 完成句子(每空1分，共15分)
56. 事实上，你在荧幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分工作发生在幕后。
Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of________ takes place________ the scene.
【答案】 ①. which ②. behind
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、介词。表示“其中大部分工作”用most+介词of+关系代词引导定语从句，修饰hard work；关系代词指物，引导非限定性定语从句，用which；根据句意，第二空表示“在……之后”，用介词behind符合题意；故填①which②behind。
57. 另一个我认为非常重要的方面是视觉特效。
Another aspect I _________ _________ _________ _________ is visual special effects.
【答案】 ①. attach ②. great ③. importance ④. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。结合句意，分析句子可知，Another aspect是主句主语，I之后是定语从句，修饰先行词Another aspect，从句中缺少“认为非常重要”，是谓语部分，可用短语attach great importance to表示，结合主句谓语动词is可知，从句也应使用一般现在时时态，所以谓语动词attach用复数形式。故填①attach；②great；③importance； ④to。
58. 道具也成为一部电影的成功助力。
Props also ________ ________a film’s success.
【答案】 ①. contribute ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。根据汉语提示，空处的内容为“有助于”，短语：contribute to“贡献，有助于”，主语props为复数含义，本句表示一般事实，所以时态用一般现在时。故填①contribute②to。
59. 大多数人都认为经常锻炼对身心大有益处，不过，锻炼究竟对健康有哪些好处呢？
Most people ________ that regular exercise ________ ________ for the body and mind but what exactly are its health benefits?
【答案】 ①. assume ②. does ③. wonders
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、固定短语。表示“认为”可用动词assume，people为集合名词，most people作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示“……都认为……”可用sb. assume that 类型的宾语从句；表示“……对……大有益处”可用固定短语 do wonders for sth.，由regular exercise 可知从句谓语用单数形式；本句陈述客观事实，主从句都可用一般现在时。故填①assume；②does；③wonders。
60. 在做日常锻炼的规划时，首先要考虑的是你想要提升哪方面:是心肺功能，还是肌肉强度，抑或是柔韧性。
When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing ________ ________ is ________ you expect to improve: heart and lung ________, muscle strength or flexibility.
【答案】 ①. to ②. consider ③. what ④. efficiency
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式、表语从句、名词。表示“首先要做的”用固定搭配the first thing to do，其中不定式作定语；表示“考虑”用consider；本处表示“首先要考虑的是……”用what引导表语从句，what在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事物”；表示“功能”用efficiency；故填①to②consider③what④efficiency。
第五部分 应用文(满分15分)
61. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tony因考试发挥失常，成绩不理想而情绪低落。请给他写封信表示安慰，要点如下：
1)表示难过和理解；
2)找出错误原因并及时改正；
3)鼓励他重拾自信，实现梦想。
注意： 1)词数100左右；
2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3)开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Tony,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Tony,
I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exam and that you are very worried about your study. I quite understand how you feel now.
There is no doubt that we should keep a good state of mind. As we know, failure is the mother of success. We should spare no efforts to analyze the cause of failure, which could help us find out the mistakes we made and try to make up for the lack of knowledge and skills in those areas. Only in this way can we make great progress in our study.
I hope that by the time this letter reaches you, you’ll be feeling much better. Let’s work hard together and turn our dream into reality.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这篇书面表达属于应用类作文，是向你的好朋友Tony写一封安慰信。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
人称：第一、二人称
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分总法
要点：
1. 表示难过和理解；
2. 找出错误原因并及时改正；
3. 鼓励他重拾自信，实现梦想。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
do well in; be worried about; a state of; spare no efforts to do; make great progress
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exam and that you are very worried about your study.
2. There is no doubt that we should keep a good state of mind.
3. We should spare no efforts to analyze the cause of failure, which could help us find out the mistakes we made and try to make up for the lack of knowledge and skills in those areas.
4. Only in this way can we make great progress in our study.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：and
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I want to tell you that it is an interesting and unforgettable experience.使用了由that引导的宾语从句；There is no doubt that we should keep a good state of mind.使用了同位语从句；We should spare no efforts to analyze the cause of failure, which could help us find out the mistakes we made and try to make up for the lack of knowledge and skills in those areas.则使用了非限制性定语从句；Only in this way can we make great progress in our study.使用了only+状语置于句首的半倒装结构。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
听力答案：1-5ACABA 6-10BABCC 11-15BCBCA 16-20ABABC
涟水县第一中学2022-2023学年第一学期高一年级第二次阶段检测
英语 试卷
考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5个小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do next?
A. Have a class. B. Buy some tickets. C. Change her schedule.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The stars. B. A rainbow. C. The fireworks.
3. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. At breakfast. B. At lunch. C. At dinner.
4. Where does the conversation most likely take place?
A. At a zoo. B. At a circus. C. At a camp.
5. What does the man mean?
A. Marcie is a busy woman.
B. Marcie isn’t very polite.
C. Marcie loves talking on the phone.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题7.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What is the woman planning to do during her vacation?
A. Go skiing. B. Have a get-together. C. Make some sweaters.
7 What makes the man nervous?
A. Getting hurt during skiing.
B. Wearing an ugly sweater.
C. Making snacks for a party.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What does the man say about his university?
A. His classes were difficult.
B. The fee was cheaper than it is now.
C. He received some help from the school.
9. What are the speakers trying to do?
A. Convince their daughter to go to a private university.
B. Encourage their daughter to get a scholarship.
C. Get their daughter to attend a public university.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What language of the television series is the woman watching?
A. English. B. French. C. Chinese.
11. What does the woman do during the television series?
A. She translates the lines into another language.
B. She writes down some words and phrases.
C. She focuses on the translating app.
12. Who says “please punish me” in the television series?
A. The servants. B. The emperor. C. The emperor’s son.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Where is the most famous monster according to the woman?
A. In Canada. B. In Scotland. C. In China.
14. When did the university conduct its study on Kanas Lake?
A. In 1933. B. In 1970. C. In 1985.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Father and daughter.
16. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Have a talk with a family member.
B. Read a book about monsters.
C. Finish a biology report.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a history lecture.
B. Hosting a program.
C. Advertising a product.
18. When were blue jeans first created?
A. In the 19th century. B. In the 20th century. C. In the 21st century.
19. Who were jeans designed for at first?
A. Poor people who needed cheap clothes.
B. Americans who had difficult jobs.
C. People who liked the blue color.
20. What does the speaker seem to think about modern jeans?
A. They are useful. B. They are cheap. C. They are varied.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题.2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Family sizes are shrinking around the world. In many countries, families are having fewer than two children.
Smaller families mean many children now grow up with fewer cousins. This is hard to imagine, as I come from a large extended family with 23 first cousins on one side and 25 on the other.
Sometimes when I can’t sleep, I test my mental acuity (敏锐度) by trying to name all my relatives. Then in the morning I get up and wonder if I should make an appointment with a brain specialist.
Of course, almost all of those cousins have married and had children and now their children are having children.
With extended families growing so large and spreading so far, get-togethers have nearly become a thing of the past.
One of the last gatherings on my father’s side was at the home of a cousin who has a place in the country on top of a hill. A tent was set up with long tables creaking (吱嘎作响) under the weight of fried chicken, potato salad and chocolate cake. A fishing hole waited nearby for the kids. Vehicles poured in from every direction, parking on the drive, the grass, wherever they could find a spot. There was talking and laughing and joking and food.
While such gatherings had grown infrequent, we were all happy to be together.
Although some of us had not seen one another since so-and-so’s wedding or somebody’s father’s funeral, most people were still easy to recognize. Three sisters who sat together all had the same beautiful skin their mother had.
The cousin with bright blue eyes who raced her horse as a teenager still had bright blue eyes. An older cousin who gave me piano lessons when I was young and naughty seemed to have forgiven me.
We share a gene pool (基因库) of people who work hard and laugh often.
It was very dark when the last set of taillights (尾灯) disappeared into the night. As we gathered our things, said our goodbyes and prepared to leave, a cousin called to me saying,“Don’t forget where you come from”.
I never could. And I’d never try.
1. How did the author feel about family gatherings?
A. Joyful. B. Disappointed. C. Bored. D. Annoyed
2. With the detailed description of her cousins in childhood, what does the author want to express?
A. Family members share the same genes.
B. Family members are always in her heart.
C. Memories of childhood last for a long time.
D. Big families have many advantages.
3. Why did the author write the article?
A. To explain how to get on with families
B. To introduce her family members to readers.
C. To call on people to have larger families.
D. To share her thoughts about extended families.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者来自于一个大家庭，虽然家庭规模在扩大，但大家聚在一起的机会越来越少，而作者和亲戚都很珍惜彼此之间的感情纽带。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第七段“While such gatherings had grown infrequent, we were all happy to be together. (虽然这样的聚会越来越少，但我们都很高兴能在一起。)”可知，作者觉得虽然家庭聚会越来越少，但是大家都很高兴在一起，由此可知作者对于家庭聚会是感到高兴的；故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第四段“The cousin with bright blue eyes who raced her horse as a teenager still had bright blue eyes. An older cousin who gave me piano lessons when I was young and naughty seemed to have forgiven me. (那位十几岁时参加赛马的表妹，有一双明亮的蓝眼睛，现在仍然有一双明亮的蓝眼睛。我的一个表哥在我年轻淘气的时候给我上过钢琴课，他似乎原谅了我。)”可知，作者清楚地描述了他童年时跟表兄弟姐妹之间的事情，作者对童年时与表亲之间的交往记忆犹新，由此推知虽然不常聚在一起，但家人们一直在作者的心中；故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了虽然世界各地的家庭规模都在缩小，意味着很多孩子在成长过程中很少有表亲。但作者很难想象这个，因为他来自于一个大家庭。作者描述了来自于一个大家庭是怎样的经历，并着重描写了大家庭的一次聚会，展现了与亲戚之间的感情纽带；由此说明作者写这个就是为了分享他对大家庭的看法；故选D项。
B
It’s commonly thought that boys perform better than girls in math and science. Researchers have challenged that stereotype (刻板印象) for a longtime, and a recent study, published in the journal Nature Communications in September, found a new way to attack it.
The study found that women are better than men at sustaining (维持)their performance on longer tests, including math and science.
Researchers Pau Balart, from the University of the Balearic Islands in Spain, and Matthijs Oosterveen from Erasmus University in the Netherlands, analyzed data collected every three years from 2006 to 2015. The data came from 74 countries and regions, for the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).This is a standardized test of 15-year-old students’ performance in reading, math and science.
Their earlier results agreed with earlier findings that boys do better than girls in math and science. But when they compared the two groups’ scores at different stages of the test, girls tended to perform more stably(稳定地) in math and science, while boys started getting fewer correct answers.
Although boys seemed to show advantages from the start in math and science, the authors wrote, “This finding suggests that longer tests shrink it in math and science,“ according to Nature. To prove this, the researchers analyzed another database with over 400 math tests, which lasted longer than PISA’s two hours. They found that, at least for math, the scoring gap between boys and girls decreased.
This isn’t the observation of better test endurance (忍耐力) in women. Oxford University used to add an extra 15 minutes to its math and computer science exams. They found female students’ scores improved.
Olga Shurchkov, an associate professor at Wellesley College in the US, told Newsweek: “This study is important because it provides cross-country evidence that suggests these gender (性别) gaps can be reduced.”
In her earlier study, she found that, given more time, women tended to be more careful and make fewer mistakes. They also were less likely to quit a task early. This also supports the finding of the present study.
4. What did the new study find?
A. Boys are better than girls at math and science.
B. Girls usually do better than boys in shorter tests.
C. The length of a test affects girls and boys’ scores.
D. Girls prefer longer math and science tests than boys
5. What does the underlined word “shrink” probably mean?
A. make something grow in number
B. make something smaller
C. keep something the same
D. make something appear
6. As to the findings about female students on tests, which of the following is true?
A. They tended to be more patient and careful on longer tests
B. They were not as quick at thinking as male students.
C. They tended to perform better at the beginning of a test.
D. .They were more likely to give up on longer tests.
7. According to the text what is the importance of the study?
A. It answered questions raised by earlier studies.
B. It is the first cross-country study of gender gaps on tests.
C. It could attract girls to study math and science.
D. It could help to reduce gender gaps on tests.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过研究，推翻了我们以往认为男孩在数学和科学方面比女孩做的好的观点。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The study found that women are better than men at sustaining (维持)their performance on longer tests, including math and science.”（研究发现，女性在数学和科学等更长时间的考试中，能够更好地保持自己的成绩。）及第四段“Their earlier results agreed with earlier findings that boys do better than girls in math and science. But when they compared the two groups’ scores at different stages of the test, girls tended to perform more stably(稳定地) in math and science, while boys started getting fewer correct answers.”（他们早期的研究结果与之前的发现一致，即男孩在数学和科学方面比女孩做得更好。但是当他们比较两组在不同测试阶段的分数时，女孩在数学和科学方面的表现更加稳定，而男孩开始得到较少的正确答案。）可知，新的研究结果表明，当测试的时间更长时，女孩要比男孩更好地保持自己的成绩。即测试的时间长短会影响女孩和男孩的分数。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的后两句“To prove this, the researchers analyzed another database with over 400 math tests, which lasted longer than PISA’s two hours. They found that, at least for math, the scoring gap between boys and girls decreased.”（为了证明这一点，研究人员分析了另一个包含400多个数学测试的数据库，这些测试持续的时间超过了 PISA 的两个小时。他们发现，至少在数学方面，男孩和女孩之间的得分差距缩小了。）可知，为了证明，研究人员作了实验来证明较长的测试时间能够缩短男孩在数学和科学方面的优势，所以划线词此处的含义为“缩短”，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In her earlier study, she found that, given more time, women tended to be more careful and make fewer mistakes. They also were less likely to quit a task early. ”（在她早期的研究中，她发现，如果给予女性更多的时间，她们往往会更加谨慎，犯的错误也会更少。她们也不太可能提前退出任务。）可知，根据Olga Shurchkov早期的研究，给予女性更多的时间，女生往往比男生更加更加谨慎，更加有耐心。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句““This study is important because it provides cross-country evidence that suggests these gender (性别) gaps can be reduced.””（“这项研究之所以重要，是因为它提供了跨国证据，表明这些性别差距可以缩小。”）可知，这个研究的重要在于它可以把帮助人们缩小性别差距。故选D。
C
Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17 years old, he traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.
When they eventually arrived in Beijing, they were warmly welcomed by Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty Emperor. Marco was very clever and could speak four languages. The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends. He asked Marco to serve in his court and sent him to so many important tasks across the country.
Marco Polo, in turn, was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was. He was very impressed by Beijing and the Emperor’s Palace, especially the Summer Palace. There were many inventions and developments in China, which were not available in Europe at that time. Marco Polo was amazed to see Chinese people using paper money in markets. In Europe, people paid for goods with gold pr silver. He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel, as he had never seen coal before!
After 17 years of service to the Emperor, Marco Polo returned to Italy. Unluckily, a local war broke out, and he was caught and put into prison. He met another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner was an author and he took dictation while listening. Later he wrote the stories in a book called The Description of the World, one of the best sellers (畅销书) in Europe.
8. Why did Marco Polo and his father travel to China?
A. . To write a book about China. B. To draw a map of China.
C. To trade with Chinese D. To make friends with the Chinese.
9. Marco Polo was amazed to see Chinese people paying for goods with________.
A. paper money B. silver C. gold. D. black stones
10 Who wrote the book The Descriptions of the World?
A. Kublai Khan B. Marco Polo’s father C. Marco Polo D. A prisoner
11. What do you know about Marco Polo from the passage?
A. He helped his father learn four languages
B. He serves the Emperor for 17 years.
C. He became a prisoner in Beijing.
D. He taught Chinese people how to use coal
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马可波罗出生在意大利，17岁跟父亲来到中国，对中国的美丽和强大感到惊讶，他为皇帝服务了17年后回到了意大利。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When he was 17 years old, he traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. (17岁时，他随父亲游历欧洲和亚洲，父亲想和中国人做生意。)”可知马可波罗和他的父亲来中国是因为他的父亲想和中国人做生意；故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Marco Polo was amazed to see Chinese people using paper money in markets. In Europe, people paid for goods with gold pr silver. (马可波罗惊讶地看到中国人在市场上使用纸币。在欧洲，人们用黄金或白银购买商品。) ”可知马可波罗看到中国人用纸币购物很惊讶；故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Unluckily, a local war broke out, and he was caught and put into prison. He met another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner was an author and he took dictation while listening. Later he wrote the stories in a book called The Descriptions of the World, one of the best sellers (畅销书) in Europe. (不幸的是，当地爆发了一场战争，他被抓进了监狱。他遇到了另一个喜欢听他讲中国故事的囚犯。囚犯是个作家，他一边听一边听写。后来，他把这些故事写进了一本名为《世界描述》的书中，这本书是欧洲最畅销的书之一。)”可知是那名囚犯将马可波罗所述的故事写进了一本名为《世界描述》的书中，故这名囚犯是这本书的作者；故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“After 17 years of service to the Emperor, Marco Polo returned to Italy. (在为皇帝服务了17年之后，马可波罗回到了意大利。)”可知马可波罗为皇帝服务了17年；故选B项。
D
People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling（骑自行车） in Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹) for years. It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and there are plenty of places for bicycle parking. Today some people call Amsterdam “City of Bicycles” because of the convenience for bicycles there.
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans had an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city center and only bicycles were. They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in lots of neighborhoods around Amsterdam for people to use. Then a problem came-- thieves took all the bicycles within weeks!
However more than thirty years later, the “white bike’ is back in town--this time with a computer chip（芯片） to record its every move! To take a bicycle, you have to insert(插入) a special card. The new “ white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours. The bikes are parked at special parking places and people who want to use them have to take them to another special parking place that has enough room.
There is already less traffic in central Amsterdam, because both locals and tourists have been using the white bikes. Instead, thanks to the good ideas of lots of people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s, many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars many years.
12. Amsterdam is called the “City of Bicycles” because of_________.
A. the cycling fans there B. the appearance for bicycles
C. the convenience of bicycles D. the quality of bicycles
13. In the 1960s, some cycling fans hoped bikes could_________．
A. be specially designed B. help to save energy
C. be placed anywhere D. be painted in different colours
14. Why did the first “white bike” plan fail?
A. There were not enough parking places.
B. The government allowed people to drive cars freely.
C. Thieves took all the bikes within weeks.
D. People were tired of riding bikes.
15. What do people use if they want to take a “white bike” in the city?
A. A special computer. B. A common chip.
C. A special card. D. A white key.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了因为在这座城市，自行车很方便，阿姆斯特丹被称为“自行车之城”，并且介绍了“white bike”的出现及发展历史。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Today some people call Amsterdam “City of Bicycles” because of the convenience for bicycles there.可知阿姆斯特丹被称为“自行车之城”是因为在这座城市，自行车很方便，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.可知在20世纪60年代，一些自行车迷希望自行车能够帮助节省能量，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Then a problem came-- thieves took all the bicycles within weeks!可知第一次“white bike”计划失败是因为在一周内，小偷偷走了所有的自行车，故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段To take a bicycle, you have to insert(插入) a special card.可知如果人们想要在这座城市使用一辆“white bike”，他们要用一个特殊的卡，故选C。
第二节 七选五阅读 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Attacking school fears
There are real fears and imagined ones. Most school dangers are imagined. ___16___ Many students have learned to fear teachers and classrooms, textbooks and tests. So first let’s determine what the fears are, and then attack them in a good problem-solving way.
Fear of failure
Most students have plenty of ability to meet school demands. Most assignments and courses are within reason, more likely to be boring than difficult. ___17___ Once you have had a few successes, you will begin to overcome this fear.
Fear of teachers
This is clearly an unreal fear. Look around at your fellow students. Some of them will be teachers. As you can see, there is nothing special about them. ___18___ You can get to know them better out of class. Visit them and chat with them.
Fear of talking in class
Anyone can make a mistake, but an hour later people will not even remember a mistake was made. ___19___ Also keep in mind that your performance in class is almost never the main part of your grade.
___20___
This fear can help you watch for real danger. The future can be dangerous. But to let it keep you from trying new things would be to give up life. Your own experience shows that most of the time things work out all right. The more things you try out, the more you will feel at home.
A. Fear of starting out
B. Fear of potential danger
C. Rarely is it lack of ability that makes people fail.
D. This is because they are much more concerned with themselves.
E. So don’t hand over power to teachers that they don’t really have.
F. However, school institutions have made most people think otherwise.
G. Often something else is the real problem, not what you first identified.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些对学校的恐惧的原因。
【16题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据下文：许多学生学会了害怕教师、教室、教科书和考试。可知上文是对下文的“别的方面”的一个解释：但是学校总是让人想到别的方面，即让人感到恐惧。故选F。
【17题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据上文：大多数作业和课程都是合理的，更有可能是无聊的而不是困难的。可知下文：那不是缺少能力让人做不出来。因为作业并不难。选择项中的ability与前文have plenty of ability相一致。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据本段的主题句：对老师的恐惧。可知下文继续解释，说明老师没什么可以让人恐惧的。老师没有让人恐惧的能力。他们没什么特殊的，你可以在课外了解他们。所以不要把权力交给老师，他们并没有真正的权力。故选E。
【19题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。根据上文所说任何人都可以犯错误，但一个小时后，人们甚至都不会记得你曾经犯过错误。可知下文他们恐惧的原因是因为他们更关注自己。而不是别人的关注。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查上文和句意理解。此处考查小标题。根据前面的小标题可知，标题应该为Fear of…。根据下文所述是讲对潜在危险的恐惧。特别是第一句：这种恐惧可以帮助你警惕真正的危险。此句中的“this”是指本段的主题句中的“潜在的危险”。故选B。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Which comes first, happiness or money? Are richer people happier? And ____21____, how do people get richer? A recent study could tell you the answer.
The study ____22____ thousands of teenagers and found that those who felt better about life as young adults ____23____ to have higher incomes by the time they ____24____ 29. Those who were happiest earned an average of $8,000 more than those who were the most ____25____.
The researchers, from University College London and the University of Warwick, say that very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers, ____26____ the happier ones earned ____27____ 30% more.
Happier teenagers have an easier time ____28____ school, college and the job interview, ____29____ because they always feel better about life. It may also be true that happier people find it easier to make friends, who are often the key to homework help or networking.
A report in June suggested that professional respect was more important than _____30_____ in terms of workplace happiness. In August scientists announced that they had found the _____31_____ for happiness in women. Alas! The same gene doesn’t appear to have _____32_____effect on men. And in October researchers in the UK and in the US announced that people who eat seven portions of fruit and vegetables a day report being the happiest.
If it is really true that happier kids _____33_____ being wealthier kids, is it necessary for parents to get their kids to do the homework? The fact is that no homework will make kids happy but surely hurt their grades. Studies do show, _____34_____, that more education _____35_____ better-paid jobs, which may give us a deep thought.
21. A. if not B. if any C. if so D. if ever
22. A. looked around B. looked out C. looked into D. looked through
23. A. tended B. attained C. attended D. attached
24. A. got B. grew C. went D. turned
25. A. depressed B. fantastic C. delighted D. admirable
26. A. when B. while C. as D. though
27. A. up to B. right now C. right away D. down to
28. A. getting through B. getting down C. getting out D. getting over
29. A. chiefly B. just C. simply D. only
30. A. friends B. dollars C. jobs D. parents
31. A. gene B. brand C. character D. nature
32. A. the best B. the different C. the same D. the most
33. A. come up B. turn up C. take up D. end up
34. A. first of all B. after all C. at all D. for all
35. A. exists in B. relies on C. results from D. contributes to
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。研究表明幸福感与富有有密切的关系，调查发现，幸福感强的青少人比感到消极的青少人收入更高，研究还表示幸福感和基因与饮食习惯有关，最后文章展示了通过不做家庭作业来增加孩子的幸福感与教育和更好的工作密切相关之间的矛盾。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果是这样，人们如何变得更富有？A. if not要是不；B. if any如果有的话；C. if so如果是这样的话；D. if ever（用于过去时，加强语气）如果真的。由上文的“Which comes first, happiness or money? Are richer people happier?(幸福和金钱哪个先？富人更幸福吗？)”和下文的“how do people get richer?”可知，设空处一定是肯定的假设“如果是这样的话”才会有下文“人们怎样能变得更富有？”这一问题的出现。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项研究对数千名青少年进行了调查，发现那些年轻时对生活感觉更好的人在29岁时往往收入更高。A. looked around环顾四周；B. looked out当心；C. looked into调查；D. looked through浏览。由上文的“The study”和下文的“found”可知，该研究调查了数千名青少年。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究对数千名青少年进行了调查，发现那些年轻时对生活感觉更好的人在29岁时往往收入更高。A. tended趋向；B. attained得到；C. attended出席；D. attached重视。由下文的“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers, ____6____ the happier ones earned ____7____ 30% more. (非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，……快乐的青少年收入……30%)”可知，研究发现快乐的青少年比非常沮丧的青少年赚的钱更多，所以句中“those who felt better about life as young adults”趋向于“have higher incomes”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究对数千名青少年进行了调查，发现那些年轻时对生活感觉更好的人在29岁时往往收入更高。A. got得到；B. grew生长；C. went去；D. turned成为、变成。由下文的数字“29”可知，这里应该说的是年龄到29岁，turn作连系动词表示“成为，变成”，后面跟年龄。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最快乐的人比最沮丧的人平均多挣8000美元。A. depressed沮丧的；B. fantastic极好的；C. delighted高兴的；D. admirable可钦佩的。由下文的“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers, ____6____ the happier ones earned ____7____ 30% more. (非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，……快乐的青少年收入……30%)”可知，研究发现快乐的青少年比非常沮丧的青少年赚的钱更多，这里比较的是“Those who were happiest”和“the most depressed”两类人，呼应下文“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens”。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：来自伦敦大学学院和华威大学的研究人员表示，非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，而快乐的青少年收入高达30%。A. when当……时候；B. while然而；C. as因为；D. though尽管。由上文的“very gloomy (沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers”可知，句中是快乐的青少年和非常沮丧的青少年的年收入的对比，连词while表示对比关系。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：来自伦敦大学学院和华威大学的研究人员表示，非常忧郁的青少年，无论他们有多高或多聪明，收入都比同龄人少10%，而快乐的青少年收入高达30%。A. up to高达、多达；B. right now马上；C. right away立刻；D. down to一直到。由上文语境可知，消极的青少年赚得少，快乐的青少年赚得多，赚的多达30%。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：快乐的青少年更容易通过学校、大学和工作面试，主要是因为他们对生活总是感觉更好。A. getting through完成、通过；B. getting down使某人沮丧；C. getting out出去；D. getting over恢复。由常识和下文的“school, college and the job interview”可知，快乐的青少年更容易完成各个阶段的任务。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：快乐的青少年更容易通过学校、大学和工作面试，主要是因为他们对生活总是感觉更好。A. chiefly主要是；B. just只是；C. simply仅仅；D. only只有。由下文的“because they always feel better about life”可知，句中是在陈述快乐的青少年取得成功的原因，根据逻辑常识可知，他们的心态是主要原因。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：6月份的一份报告表明，在工作场所的幸福感方面，职业尊重比工作更重要。A. friends朋友；B. dollars美元；C. jobs工作；D. parents父母。由上文的“professional respect was more important than”可知，句中是把职业尊重与工作本身进行比较。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：8月，科学家宣布他们在女性身上发现了幸福基因。A. gene基因；B. brand品牌；C. character人物；D. nature自然。由下文的“The same gene doesn’t appear to have ____12____effect on men.(同样的基因似乎对男性没有……影响)”可知，该空说的是基因。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样的基因似乎对男性没有同样的影响。A. the best最好的；B. the different不同的；C. the same同样的；D. the most最多的。由本处语境可知，研究否定了快乐基因对男性的影响，没有同样的效果。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果更快乐的孩子最终会成为更富有的孩子，那么父母有必要让孩子做家庭作业吗？A. come up即将发生；B. turn up出现；C. take up占据；D. end up最终成为，最终会。由上文反复讲到快乐的青少年长大后会更富有，结合本句“If it is really true that happier kids ____13____ being wealthier kids”中是同样的表达，作者产生思考：如果更快乐的孩子最终会成为更富有的孩子，那么他们由必要学习吗。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，研究表明，更多的教育有助于更好的工作，这可能会让我们深思。A. first of all首先；B. after all毕竟；C. at all根本；D. for all虽然。上文“The fact is that no homework will make kids happy but surely hurt their grades.”先说没有家庭作业可以让孩子们更快乐，接着说没作业会影响考试分数，下文讲研究表明教育会带来更高收入的工作，这里出现了一种转折，after all表示“毕竟”，用来表示与预期相反。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，研究表明，更多的教育有助于更好的工作，这可能会让我们深思。A. exists in在于；B. relies on依靠；C. results from由……产生；D. contributes to导致、有助于。由上文的“more education”和下文的“better-paid jobs”可知，更多的教育有助于找到更高收入的工作。故选D项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school ____36____ (begin) at last. I was ____37____ little anxious (焦虑的) in the morning, ____38____ (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing after all. However, things turned ____39____ just fine. Both my teachers and ____40____ (classmate) made a good impression on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates was so talkative ____41____ he kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, but I felt quite angry ____42____ I couldn’t concentrate. I was too frightened ____43____ (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than ____44____ at junior high school. There is a lot for me ____45____ (explore). I hope I can fit in soon.
【答案】36. began
37. a 38. worrying
39 out 40. classmates
41. that 42. because##as
43. to tell
44. those 45. to explore
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一天上高中的所见、所闻和所感。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：经过一个漫长的暑假，我在高中的新生活最终开始了。本文讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填began。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：早上我有一点焦虑，担心交不到新朋友。根据句意可知，此处表示“有一点焦虑”，用a little anxious符合题意；故填a。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：早上我有点焦虑，担心交不到新朋友。分析句子可知本句已有谓语，空处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和worry之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；故填worrying。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然而，结果一切都很好。根据句意可知，此处应填表示“证明是，结果是”的短语，用turn out符合题意；故填out。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：我的老师和同学都给我留下了很好的印象。分析句子可知此处泛指同学，应用classmate的复数形式；故填classmates。
【41题详解】
考查固定结构。句意：事实上，我的一个同学非常健谈，在实验过程中他一直在和我说话！根据句意和so判断此处为固定结构so…that…，译为“如此……以至于……”；故填that。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：也许他只是想给我留下深刻印象，但我感到很生气，因为我无法集中注意力。根据句意可知，我生气的原因是因为我不能集中注意力，所以这里表原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句；故填because/as。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我太害怕了，不敢叫他别来烦我。分析句子可知，此处为too...to...类型的固定句型，译为“太……而不能……”；根据英文提示，故填to tell。
【44题详解】
考查指示代词。句意：这些课比初中的课难得多。根据句意可知，空处是用来指代“这些课程”，在这种前后进行对比的句型中，指代同类异物通常用that或者those，that代指单数或不可数，those代指可数名词复数；故填those。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：对我来说还有很多可以探索的东西。分析句子可知，空处与a lot之间是动宾关系，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰a lot；故填to explore。
第四部分 课本基础知识(共25分)
第一节根据汉语提示或语法完成句子(每题1分，共10分)。
46. If both sides agree, the contract can be renewed ________ (annual)．（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】annually
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：如果双方达成一致的话，合同可以每年更新。根据句子分析可知，此处修饰动词can be renewed，应用副词annually“每年地，年度地”。故填annually。
47. I rarely have an occasion _______ I can spend a whole afternoon with my kids. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】when/on which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我很少有能够和我的孩子们在一起呆一下午的时候。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词occasion，先行词occasion的意思是“场合，时候”，表示时间，它在从句中作状语，所以用关系副词when或者用on which引导定语从句。故填when/on which。
48. Today some ________(tradition) customs are still observed in rural areas of China,but they have been weakened in urban cities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】traditional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天，一些传统习俗在中国农村地区仍然存在，但在城市里已经被削弱了。根据句意，应用形容词traditional作定语修饰名词customs，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。
49. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were ________(decorate) with houseplants.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】decorated
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所装饰有室内植物时，他们的工作效率提高了15%。根据句意和空格前的were以及所给动词decorate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入decorate的过去分词形式decorated构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填decorated。
50. The ________(信封) remains to be ranked,so I have no time to chat with you. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】envelope
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：信封还在排序，所以我没有时间和你聊天。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用名词envelope作主语，谓语动词remains为单数形式，所以主语也为单数形式。故填envelope。
51. The picture was taken from an unknown ________.(角度) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】angle
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这张照片是从一个未知的角度拍摄的。分析句子可知，空处缺名词作宾语；由an可知空处填单数名词；根据汉语提示，故填angle。
52. Followers feel________ (energy), confident, and never more alive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：追随者们感到精力充沛、自信，而且从未像现在这样充满活力。系动词feel后需接形容词作表语，energy的形容词为energetic“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。
53. Try talking to different community members, ________ (range) from youths to seniors. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ranging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尝试与从年轻人到老年人范围内不同的社区成员交谈。分析句子结构可知，空前祈使句结构完整，此空应用非谓语动词，且是空前名词community members的定语，community members与range...from...to“（范围）从……到……”之间是主动关系，所以用range的现在分词，故填ranging。
54. There's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab ____ (equip). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】equipment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备。名词equipment意为“设备”，连词or连接并列名词terms 和名词equipment作介词of的宾语，equipment是不可数名词。故填equipment。
55. It has been proved _______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：事实证明，在童年时期吃蔬菜有助于在以后的生活中预防严重疾病。根据句子结构，it为形式主语，设空处后句意完整，应用连接代词that引导真正的主语从句。故填that。
第二节 完成句子(每空1分，共15分)
56. 事实上，你在荧幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分工作发生在幕后。
Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of________ takes place________ the scene.
【答案】 ①. which ②. behind
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、介词。表示“其中大部分工作”用most+介词of+关系代词引导定语从句，修饰hard work；关系代词指物，引导非限定性定语从句，用which；根据句意，第二空表示“在……之后”，用介词behind符合题意；故填①which②behind。
57. 另一个我认为非常重要的方面是视觉特效。
Another aspect I _________ _________ _________ _________ is visual special effects.
【答案】 ①. attach ②. great ③. importance ④. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。结合句意，分析句子可知，Another aspect是主句主语，I之后是定语从句，修饰先行词Another aspect，从句中缺少“认为非常重要”，是谓语部分，可用短语attach great importance to表示，结合主句谓语动词is可知，从句也应使用一般现在时时态，所以谓语动词attach用复数形式。故填①attach；②great；③importance； ④to。
58. 道具也成为一部电影的成功助力。
Props also ________ ________a film’s success.
【答案】 ①. contribute ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。根据汉语提示，空处的内容为“有助于”，短语：contribute to“贡献，有助于”，主语props为复数含义，本句表示一般事实，所以时态用一般现在时。故填①contribute②to。
59. 大多数人都认为经常锻炼对身心大有益处，不过，锻炼究竟对健康有哪些好处呢？
Most people ________ that regular exercise ________ ________ for the body and mind but what exactly are its health benefits?
【答案】 ①. assume ②. does ③. wonders
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、固定短语。表示“认为”可用动词assume，people为集合名词，most people作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示“……都认为……”可用sb. assume that 类型的宾语从句；表示“……对……大有益处”可用固定短语 do wonders for sth.，由regular exercise 可知从句谓语用单数形式；本句陈述客观事实，主从句都可用一般现在时。故填①assume；②does；③wonders。
60. 在做日常锻炼的规划时，首先要考虑的是你想要提升哪方面:是心肺功能，还是肌肉强度，抑或是柔韧性。
When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing ________ ________ is ________ you expect to improve: heart and lung ________, muscle strength or flexibility.
【答案】 ①. to ②. consider ③. what ④. efficiency
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式、表语从句、名词。表示“首先要做的”用固定搭配the first thing to do，其中不定式作定语；表示“考虑”用consider；本处表示“首先要考虑的是……”用what引导表语从句，what在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事物”；表示“功能”用efficiency；故填①to②consider③what④efficiency。
第五部分 应用文(满分15分)
61. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tony因考试发挥失常，成绩不理想而情绪低落。请给他写封信表示安慰，要点如下：
1)表示难过和理解；
2)找出错误原因并及时改正；
3)鼓励他重拾自信，实现梦想。
注意： 1)词数100左右；
2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3)开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Tony,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Tony,
I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exam and that you are very worried about your study. I quite understand how you feel now.
There is no doubt that we should keep a good state of mind. As we know, failure is the mother of success. We should spare no efforts to analyze the cause of failure, which could help us find out the mistakes we made and try to make up for the lack of knowledge and skills in those areas. Only in this way can we make great progress in our study.
I hope that by the time this letter reaches you, you’ll be feeling much better. Let’s work hard together and turn our dream into reality.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这篇书面表达属于应用类作文，是向你的好朋友Tony写一封安慰信。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
人称：第一、二人称
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分总法
要点：
1. 表示难过和理解；
2. 找出错误原因并及时改正；
3. 鼓励他重拾自信，实现梦想。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
do well in; be worried about; a state of; spare no efforts to do; make great progress
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exam and that you are very worried about your study.
2. There is no doubt that we should keep a good state of mind.
3. We should spare no efforts to analyze the cause of failure, which could help us find out the mistakes we made and try to make up for the lack of knowledge and skills in those areas.
4. Only in this way can we make great progress in our study.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：and
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I want to tell you that it is an interesting and unforgettable experience.使用了由that引导的宾语从句；There is no doubt that we should keep a good state of mind.使用了同位语从句；We should spare no efforts to analyze the cause of failure, which could help us find out the mistakes we made and try to make up for the lack of knowledge and skills in those areas.则使用了非限制性定语从句；Only in this way can we make great progress in our study.使用了only+状语置于句首的半倒装结构。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
听力答案：1-5ACABA 6-10BABCC 11-15BCBCA 16-20ABABC
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