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2022-2023学年宁夏银川市贺兰县高一上学期12月第二次月考英语试题
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这是一份2022-2023学年宁夏银川市贺兰县高一上学期12月第二次月考英语试题，共30页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高一上学期12月第二次月考
英 语
时间：120分钟 总分：150分
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共两卷，满分150分。考试时间为120分钟。
2. 答案写在答题卡上的指定位置。考试结束后，交回答题卡。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，共20题，满分30分）
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much will the man pay?
A. ＄8. B. ＄15. C. ＄30.
2. What does the woman dislike about the building?
A. Its design. B. Its position. C. Its neighborhood.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a theater. C. In a children’s park.
4. What will happen to the woman by next Friday?
A. She will finish her final exams. B. She will start a new term. C. She will work part-time.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A holiday. B. The coast. C. A flight.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers now?
A. In Vancouver. B. In San Francisco. C. In Seattle.
7. What does the man do?
A. A student. B. A travel agent. C. A teacher.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is the woman talking to?
A. The house owner. B. A repairman. C. A painter.
9. What will the woman do if her problem isn’t solved?
A. Send a large bill to the man.
B. Find someone to fix the wall.
C. Fix the electricity wires herself.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He writes songs. B. He sells music records. C. He works for a radio program.
11. What kind of music does the man like best?
A. Country music. B. Jazz. C. Rock.
12. Why did the man start to buy music books?
A. To write more songs.
B. To start a new radio program.
C. To get information more easily.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To offer a job. B. To do a survey. C. To ask for advice.
14. What advantage can the woman gain from working in the hotel?
A. She can earn much more money.
B. She can get useful experience.
C. She can have more free time.
15. How much does the woman earn a week in the store?
A. ＄500. B. ＄300. C. ＄200.
16. What will the woman do?
A. Find a job in the school. B. Take the job in the hotel. C. Keep the job in the store.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker major in at college?
A. Woodwork. B. Design. C. Art.
18. What model did the speaker think was the most difficult to do?
A. A large castle. B. A burnt-out house. C. A strange farmhouse.
19. How did the speaker rebuild a theater?
A. By going to an exhibition regularly.
B. By watching the original building.
C. By following detailed drawings.
20. Where does the speaker live?
A. In Japan. B. In England. C. In Canada.
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5, 895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8,848.86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6,193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali which means ”the tall one“, comes from Koyukon, This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, it began to be called” Mount McKinley“, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5,140 meters above sea level. Located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica, Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
21．Which of the following shares two names from two countries?
A．Mount Koyukon. B．Mount Vinson.
C．Mount Everest. D．Mount Kilimanjaro.
22．Who first discovered Mount Vinson?
A．A Japanese. B．An Australian.
C．A Frenchman. D．An American.
23．What do the four mountains have in common?
A．They are all covered with snow all through the year.
B．They are all the highest mountains in separate continents.
C．They are all occupied with typically unique wild animals.
D．They are all likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
B
In habitats across the planet, animals periodically drop everything to walk, fly or swim to a new place. Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model, and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way. Take the Cory’s shearwater, an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year. The young do not migrate with their parents, so culture cannot explain their journeys. And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual, making genetics equally unlikely.
Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”, and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements.
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine. They found that younger birds traveled longer distances, for longer periods, and had more diverse paths than older birds. “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration-refinement’ for migratory birds,” says Letizia Campioni, who led the study. Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei. “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.”
24．What is the first paragraph mainly about? .
A．It describes animals’ habitats. B．It talks about migration models.
C．It compares different species. D．It introduces a tracking technology.
25．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The opening for learning and practice.
B．The unique living habit of Cory’s shearwaters.
C．The way Cory’s shearwaters form their migration patterns.
D．The process scientists track Cory’s shearwaters’ movements.
26．What does Letizia’s study find about the younger Cory’s shearwaters?
A．They travel as much as adult birds.
B．They move in a predictable manner.
C．They lower the speed for exploration.
D．They look for a course with their parents.
27．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A．Man-made changes make migration easier.
B．Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.
C．Course exploration contributes to birds’ adaptability.
D．A combination of strategies assures migration success.
C
In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves, and in each race they try to achieve the new personal best.
For one Nebraska teen running in what would likely to be his final cross-country outing before graduating from high school, his personal best turned out not to be marking the fastest time but displaying the biggest heart.
Although it was a long shot when he came out from the starting position last Thursday, Brandon Schutt from Bellevue East High School knew if his time was good enough that day, he still had the potential to qualify for the upcoming state meet. A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum (势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day.
Meanwhile, Blake Cerveny from Omaha Burke High School was running a very different kind of race. Aiming to beat his own personal record, after a fast start, he continued to push himself hard.
With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny’s legs cramped up (抽筋), but he didn’t give up. Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 150 meters and again... About 100 meters away from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply given out.
Before Cerveny’s dad could reach his son, Brandon Schutt was at his side to offer a helping hand. The two completed the final meters of the course. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his opponent a faster time.
In today’s competitive world, while the emphasis in athletics is so often on breaking records, it is inspiring to see an athlete like Brandon Schutt.
28．What does the underlined phrase “a long shot” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Simple to compete. B．Unlikely to succeed.
C．Exciting to be qualified. D．Surprising to break records.
29．Why did Brandon Schutt slow down after a mile?
A．To have a final push. B．To help Blake Cerveny.
C．To examine his wounds. D．To enjoy the competition.
30．What can we learn about Blake Cerveny in the race?
A．He didn’t cross the finish line. B．He was generous to help others.
C．He was a person of determination. D．He was affected by his physical disability.
31．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The love for sports. B．The sport of track and field.
C．The importance of perseverance. D．The value of true sportsmanship.
D
Australian scientists are leading an international project to build an extremely powerful ground-based telescope(望远镜).The telescope’s short name is MAVIS. It is designed to correct a problem common to Earth-based telescopes: image blurring(图像模糊) caused by the atmosphere(大气).
Scientists in Australia say the new technology will help them explore how the first stars formed 13 billion years ago. The telescope will also examine changes in the weather on planets and moons in our solar system. It will provide a deeper and clearer look into space than the Hubble Space Telescope. Images produced by MAVIS are expected to be three times clearer than the Hubble Space Telescope. Sent into space in 1990, Hubble orbits(环绕) Earth from about 550 kilometers away, well outside the planet’s atmosphere.
Richard McDermid of Macquarie University in Sydney says the new telescope will change the way we explore space. He said the telescope will allow scientists to push into a new frontline(前沿) of the furthest and faintest(最微小) things we can see. “The new view will include the universe’s earliest galaxies(星系). This also means an exploration of the past,” McDermid said, “because when we look far away in astronomy we are also looking far back in time because it takes time for the light to reach us.”
The MAVIS team, which includes scientists from Macquarie University, Italy’s National Institute for Astrophysics, and France’s Laboratoired Astrophysique, is led by the Australian National University. The telescope will be placed in Chile and run by the European Southern Observatory, a research organization based in Germany. It is expected to take seven years tobuild and cost $44 million.
32．What is the purpose of MAVIS?
A．To provide clearer pictures of outer space.
B．To find the universe’s earliest galaxies.
C．To observe the planets in different weather.
D．To examine the changes in the solar system.
33．What can we know about MAVIS?
A．It will be placed on other planets outside Earth.
B．It will help explore the past of the universe.
C．It will replace the Hubble Space Telescope.
D．It will be the first telescope to travel to space.
34．What is the purpose of McDermid’s words?
A．To give an example. B．To explain a concept.
C．To describe a fact. D．To make a prediction.
35．What is the text mainly about?
A．The importance of outer space research.
B．The introduction to a new space program.
C．Australia’s plan to build a super telescope.
D．The difficulties of exploring the universe.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分7.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As most of us know, talking to and listening to parents don’t always go smoothly. Emotions and past experiences can get in the way. Since communication is a two-way street, some depends on your parents and some of what happens depends on you. ____36____So here are some guidelines to consider how to talk to parents:
•Be clear and direct.
Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want. ____37____They can listen better or be more helpful if they understand what you mean specifically and what’s really going on.
•Be honest.
If you’re always honest, a parent will be likely to believe what you say. ____38____If you sometimes hide the truth or add too much drama, parents will have a harder time believing what you tell them.
•Try not to argue.
Using a friendly and respectful tone makes it more likely that parents will listen and take what you say seriously. ____39____If you think your emotions might get the better of you, do something to let off steam and calm down before talking.
• ____40____
If you have a disagreement, can you see your parents’ side? If you can, say so. Telling your parents that you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to see yours, too.
A．Communicate as often as possible.
B．Try to understand their point of view.
C．If you lie, they’ll find it hard to trust you.
D．Make careful preparations before talking to your parents.
E．Give details that can help parents understand your situation.
F．The way you talk can influence how well a parent listens to and understands you.
G．Of course, this is hard for any of us when we’re feeling heated about something.
三、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
A week ago, my daughter said, “Mom, I don’t think I’m very athletic.”
I’ve observed her in various sports, and she is just like me: two left feet. But even knowing it, my first instinct (本能) was to snow her with some____41____ “Oh, you’re actnally good at sports!”
I held back, however, and after thinking twice, I told her the____42____: “No, you’re kind of not.”
And I could see it hurt a bit. So I____43____: “Dear, everyone may have a natural talent for something. Like you and____44____: You’re a 5th grader and read Charles Dickens. But we also have things we are not____45____. If we want to reach a satisfactory level at those things, we have to____46____twice the effort and if we want to____47____we need to try even harder.”
She was nodding. She totally____48____it. Why? Because it’s the truth. Sometimes I wonder why we run around telling our kids some rubbish that don’t even____49____when they can actually accept the truth. Besides, when they realize we are lying, we____50____our credibility.
I want my kids to have a___51___understanding of themselves so they won’t be____52____when things get tough. They can be Olympians, but nobody is going to band it to them and____53____may work against them. They will understand that many things____54____a nearly huge amount of WORK. They can’t just expect something to happen. They____55____it happen.
41．A．sense B．advice C．rubbish D．love
42．A．idea B．truth C．news D．lie
43．A．replied B．added C．commented D．repeated
44．A．learning B．speaking C．reading D．writing
45．A．fond of B．amazed at C．good at D．interested in
46．A．put in B．put away C．put up D．put off
47．A．improve B．excel C．pass D．continue
48．A．got B．forgot C．made D．did
49．A．take place B．get around C．come along D．make sense
50．A．develop B．damage C．ignore D．value
51．A．heart-felt B．hot-headed C．right-sized D．good-natured
52．A．tired B．shocked C．excited D．inspired
53．A．nature B．time C．history D．experience
54．A．perform B．increase C．require D．change
55．A．watch B．let C．help D．make
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分）
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上。写在试卷上无效。
第一部分：语言知识运用（共两节; 满分25分）
第一节：语法填空（每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many schools started online courses for students to study at home on account of the spread of COVID-19. ____56____, the outcome turned out to be not satisfying, because the online education required teachers to have classes using mobile phone software and properly interact with students, which proved to be ____57____challenge for many teachers.
Some teachers discovered they left the microphones off before finishing the online courses, and others were frequently interrupted by ____58____ (they) young children's shouting or crying. Sometimes they had to repeatedly reconnect to the platform due ____59____poor Internet connection , ____60____annoyed both the students and the teachers. Some schools offered online courses for each subject including sports. Teachers found it awkward ____61____ (give) instructions online because many children did not have enough space to move. Some parents complained that they had to join several different chat groups of different ____62____ (subject) . They also hated to accompany their children taking online courses just to make sure their children were ____63____ (real) concentrated instead of ____64____ (play) video games.
The Ministry of Education said on Wednesday that it _____65_____ (recommend) that online courses should also be linked to infection prevention and psychological health guidance .
第二节：单词拼写（请使用必修一第1-5单元所学单词的正确形式）（每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
66．It’s________(惊人的) that the small village has changed in to a famous tourist city in only ten years.
67．He said he________(宁可) to keep his old truck rather than acquire something slightly newer.
68．Many young people go to big cities to ________ (寻找) their fortune.
69．______（最终），she got a job and moved to London.
70．These little creatures have ________(存活) on earth for more than 140 million years.
71．Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about ______ (普通的) people. 72．In art criticism, you must ________ (假定) the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.
73．The instructions on the box are very ___________ (令人困惑的). I have to contact the seller on JD．com.
74．People under great stress ________(趋向于) to express their full potential.
75．They are already ______ (熟悉的) faces on our TV screens .
第二部分：书面表达（共一节; 满分25分）
假设你是李华。你的两位朋友Tom与 Peter几天前产生了误会。Tom的生日即将来临, Peter想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。请你根据以下要点给Peter回一封邮件。
1、礼物选择；2、你的理由；3、其他建议。
注意：1.词数100左右。2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2022-2023学年高一上学期12月第二次月考
参考答案：
第I卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much will the man pay?
A. ＄8. B. ＄15. C. ＄30.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I like these cups. How much are they?
W: Eight dollars each. Or two for 15.
M: So I’d like two of them.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman dislike about the building?
A. Its design. B. Its position. C. Its neighborhood.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you see that building we just passed, Nancy? Wouldn’t you like to live there?
W: Yeah, they look nice, but this is too far from my office. Besides, I like living with my sister.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a theater. C. In a children’s park.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Should I put this sign in the window with the new sale prices?
W: No. The sale of the children’s clothing is more important right now. I want people to see it as soon as possible.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will happen to the woman by next Friday?
A. She will finish her final exams. B. She will start a new term. C. She will work part-time.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Will you finish your final exams by this time next week?
W: Yes, by next Friday it’ll all be over, thank goodness, and I’ll be my normal self again. And I want to find a part-time job while waiting for the new term.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A holiday. B. The coast. C. A flight.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: The weather was clear all down the coast, so the flight was pretty smooth.
W: But that fog did make it longer than we expected.
M: Yeah. Anyway I am glad to be home safely.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where are the speakers now?
A. In Vancouver. B. In San Francisco. C. In Seattle.
7. What does the man do?
A. A student. B. A travel agent. C. A teacher.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Great party, isn’t it?
W: Yes, wonderful.
M: By the way, I’m Mike.
W: Hi, Mike. I’m Kyoko.
M: Nice to meet you. Where are you from?
W: Japan, but I live here in San Francisco now. I’m studying at the university. How about you? Are you American?
M: No, actually I’m Canadian. I’m from Vancouver.
W: Oh really? Do you live there?
M: No, I live in Seattle now.
W: Oh, nice city. What do you do?
M: I’m a travel agent there. Well, it was nice talking with you.
W: Me too.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who is the woman talking to?
A. The house owner. B. A repairman. C. A painter.
9. What will the woman do if her problem isn’t solved?
A. Send a large bill to the man.
B. Find someone to fix the wall.
C. Fix the electricity wires herself.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Jack speaking.
W: This is Rose. I’ve phoned about the wall a couple of times and I’m afraid nothing’s happened.
M: I’m sorry, Rose. I’ll get someone to fix it.
W: The wet area is spreading all the time and it’s getting closer to electricity wires. It could be very dangerous. If nothing is done about it soon, I’ll have to find somebody myself to deal with it, and it really won’t be my fault if you receive a very large bill.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He writes songs. B. He sells music records. C. He works for a radio program.
11. What kind of music does the man like best?
A. Country music. B. Jazz. C. Rock.
12. Why did the man start to buy music books?
A. To write more songs.
B. To start a new radio program
C. To get information more easily.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: How did you get interested in country music?
M: Well, when my wife and I first got our record player, we started to buy all kinds of records—jazz, country music and rock. Soon I found that I was buying more country music records than any other kind.
W: How did you start working for the radio station?
M: I thought there should be a radio program of country songs, so I went to CBC and suggested it. That was how we started the program called Golden Country Time.
W: Then you were asked to write articles to explain the background of those songs.
M: Yes, but soon I got tired of running to the library to find information, so I started buying country song books and building my own library.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To offer a job. B. To do a survey. C. To ask for advice.
14. What advantage can the woman gain from working in the hotel?
A. She can earn much more money.
B. She can get useful experience.
C. She can have more free time.
15. How much does the woman earn a week in the store?
A. ＄500. B. ＄300. C. ＄200.
16. What will the woman do?
A. Find a job in the school. B. Take the job in the hotel. C. Keep the job in the store.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Paul. I have been meaning to talk to you.
M: Hi, Susan. What’s up?
W: Well, I have this great job that is to manage a store in the shopping center.
M: So what is the problem?
W: Well, one of my classmates just told me about a summer job that’s on offer. He thinks I might be able to work in the office of the Lake Hotel here in town.
M: That sounds like a good chance. Why not take it?
W: I’d love to, especially since I’m studying hotel management. It would be a great way to get some useful experience in my field. But I wouldn’t be making as much money as I would in the store, not to mention the free time I could get there.
M: How much is paid for the work in the hotel?
W:＄300 a week—＄200 less than working in the store.
M: Well, if I were you, I would take the job in the hotel anyway. You could always get a job during the school term next year to make a few more dollars.
W: I think you’re right.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What did the speaker major in at college?
A. Woodwork. B. Design. C. Art.
18. What model did the speaker think was the most difficult to do?
A. A large castle. B. A burnt-out house. C. A strange farmhouse.
19. How did the speaker rebuild a theater?
A. By going to an exhibition regularly.
B. By watching the original building.
C. By following detailed drawings.
20. Where does the speaker live?
A. In Japan. B. In England. C. In Canada.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: My job is model-making. I make small copies of large buildings. It might seem a strange job, but I knew when I was at school that it was what I wanted to do. So I did a college course, not in art or design as you might expect, but in woodwork. Because of the concentration on fine detail it requires, it was perfect for a model-maker. I’ve done quite a few jobs now. The toughest task I’ve ever had was from Ireland. I was asked to do a model of part of a large house which had burnt down years before. I’ve done all sorts of buildings since, everything from large castles to the most ordinary farmhouse. The one I liked most, though, was where I had to rebuild a theater. The original building was gone, but this time there were detailed drawings to work from. My model was then shown in an exhibition in London. It was fun because I could go and look at it every day if I wanted to. Generally, I don’t see my models again after I’ve delivered them, as 80% of them are shipped out to Japan or Canada, with the rest shared between England and France.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文中介绍了世界上最高的四座山峰。
21．细节理解题。根据Mount Everest部分中“The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.( 它的中文名字叫珠峰，意思是“世界女神之母”。尼泊尔的名字是Sagarmatha，有多种含义。)”可知，Mount Everest来自两个国家。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Mount Vinson部分中的“ It was spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.( 1935年，美国飞行员林肯·埃尔斯沃斯从空中发现了它。)”可知，该山是由美国人发现的。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据Mount Kilimanjaro部分中“Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa.(乞力马扎罗山是一座休眠火山，是非洲最高的山。)”以及Mount Everest部分中“Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world.(珠穆朗玛峰是亚洲第一高峰，也是世界第一高峰。)”；以及Denali部分中“Denali is the highest mountain in North America. (德纳利山是北美最高的山。)”；以及Mount Vinson部分中“Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. (文森山是南极洲最高的山。)”可知，这四座山它们都是不同大陆上的最高峰。故选B。
24．B 25．C 26．C 27．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对科里海鸥迁徙的模式的研究。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.(像鲸鱼和大雁这样的野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣禽，在它们的遗传密码中获得了迁徙的距离和方向。一些动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁移)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B项。
25．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.(科里海鸥的寿命很长，很少能在九岁之前成功产下幼崽。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式提供了机会)”和“Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索-精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是科里海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.(年轻的科里海鸥能够和成年海鸥一样快地飞行，但它们没有，这表明年轻的科里海鸥会进行更多的探索，随着它们成熟并确定了自己喜欢的路线，这种探索逐渐消失)”可知，莱蒂齐亚的研究发现小科里海鸥为了探索降低了它们的飞行速度。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei.(芭芭拉·弗雷说：“尽管它看起来比其他策略效率低，但在一个由于不可预测的人为变化而迅速变化的世界中，探索精炼可能对鸟类和其他生物有益”)”推知，路线探索有助于鸟类的适应能力。故选C项。
28．B 29．D 30．C 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在高中毕业前的一场内布拉斯加州青少年越野跑中，Brandon Schutt的个人成绩虽然不是最好的，但帮助原本很有实力的但此时倒在地上的竞争对手Blake Cerveny冲向终点的行为展示了真正的体育精神。
28．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Although it was a long shot when he came out from the starting position last Thursday, Brandon Schutt from Bellevue East High School knew if his time was good enough that day, he still had the potential to qualify for the upcoming state meet. A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum (势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day. (虽然当他上周四从起点位置出来时，it was a long shot，但来自贝尔维尤东部高中的Brandon Schutt知道，如果他那天的时间足够好，他仍然有潜力获得即将到来的州运动会的资格。然而，在3.1英里的比赛开始一英里后，舒特意识到他无法保持必要的势头。他没有冒着受伤的风险，而是放慢到舒适的步伐，让他能够简单地享受当下和每一天的快乐。)”可知，Brandon Schutt本来认为如果他在这个越野赛的成绩足够好，他依旧可能拿到参加州运动会的资格，但是跑了一英里以后，他的速度跟不上了，他觉得拿到参加州运动会的资格的这个目标完不成了，他索性放慢了节奏，享受当下。故it was a long shot，意为“拿到参加州运动会的资格这事不太可能成功”，a long shot，意为“不可能成功（Unlikely to succeed）”，故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum (势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day. (然而，在3.1英里的比赛开始一英里后，Schutt意识到他无法保持必要的势头了。他没有冒着受伤的风险，而是放慢到舒适的步伐，让他能够简单地享受当下和每一天的快乐)”可知，Brandon Schutt在比赛中跑了一英里后，知道自己实力不够，于是放缓步伐，单纯地享受比赛的快乐。故选D项。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“Meanwhile, Blake Cerveny from Omaha Burke High School was running a very different kind of race. Aiming to beat his own personal record, after a fast start, he continued to push himself hard. (与此同时，来自奥马哈伯克高中的Blake Cerveny正在参加一种完全不同的比赛。为了打破自己的个人记录，在快速起步后，他继续努力。)”，以及第五段“With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny’s legs cramped up (抽筋), but he didn’t give up. Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 150 meters and again …About 100 meters away from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply given out. (离比赛结束还有不到400米的时候，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，但他没有放弃。 Cerveny从地上爬起来，继续前进，但又在150米处倒下，在距离终点线大约100米处，他蜷缩在地上。 他的腿完全不能动了。 )”可知，为了打破自己的纪录，Blake Cerveny使出浑身解数，就算是腿部抽筋，还在往终点线爬，可以推知Blake Cerveny是一个顽强的人。故选C项。
31．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Before Cerveny’s dad could reach his son, Brandon Schutt was at his side to offer a helping hand. The two completed the final meters of the course. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his opponent a faster time. (还没等Cerveny的父亲走到儿子身边，Brandon Schutt就站在他身边伸出了援助之手。两人完成了比赛的最后几米。舒特甚至确保受伤的跑者第一个冲过终点线，确保他的对手跑得更快。)”，以及最后一段“In today’s competitive world, while the emphasis in athletics is so often on breaking records, it is inspiring to see an athlete like Brandon Schutt. (在当今竞争激烈的世界，尽管田径运动的重点往往是打破纪录，但看到Brandon Schut这样的运动员是令人鼓舞的。)”可知，在比赛中能打破纪录固然令人激动，Cerveny是有实力，但却在最后出了状况，实力不如Cerveny的Brandon Schut帮助处于劣势的Cerveny，还让Cerveny比自己先过终点，这才是真正的鼓舞人心的体育精神。作者通过这个故事宣扬了真正体育精神的价值。故选D项。
32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚和几个国家的科学家联合制造一个超级地面望远镜。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The telescope’s short name is MAVIS. It is designed to correct a problem common to Earth-based telescopes: image blurring(图像模糊) caused by the atmosphere(大气). (该望远镜的简称是MAVIS。它的设计是为了纠正地球上望远镜普遍存在的一个问题：大气造成的图像模糊。)”可知，MAVIS的目的是提供更清晰的外太空图片。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists in Australia say the new technology will help them explore how the first stars formed 13 billion years ago.(澳大利亚科学家表示，这项新技术将帮助他们探索130亿年前第一批恒星是如何形成的。)”和第三段“This also means an exploration of the past,(这也意味着对过去的探索，)”可知，MAVIS将有助于探索宇宙的过去。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段“'The new view will include the universe’s earliest galaxies(星系). This also means an exploration of the past,' McDermid said, 'because when we look far away in astronomy we are also looking far back in time because it takes time for the light to reach us.'(“新的视角将包括宇宙中最早的星系。这也意味着对过去的探索”麦克德米德说，“因为当我们在天文学中遥望遥远的时候，我们也在遥望遥远的时间，因为光到达我们这里需要时间。”)”及上文“Richard McDermid of Macquarie University in Sydney says the new telescope will change the way we explore space. He said the telescope will allow scientists to push into a new frontline(前沿) of the furthest and faintest(最微小) things we can see.(悉尼麦考瑞大学的理查德·麦克德米德说，新的望远镜将改变我们探索太空的方式。他说，该望远镜将允许科学家“进入我们所能看到的最远和最模糊事物的新领域”。)”可知，麦克德米德说的话，目的是预测未来。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Australian scientists are leading an international project to build an extremely powerful ground-based telescope(望远镜).(澳大利亚科学家正在领导一个国际项目，建造一个功能极其强大的地面望远镜。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚制造一个超级地面望远镜的计划。故选C。
36．F 37．E 38．C 39．G 40．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有助于和父母交流的四种方法。
36．根据前文“Since communication is a two-way street, some depends on your parents and some of what happens depends on you.（由于交流是双向的，有些取决于你的父母，有些则取决于你自己。）”可知，与父母的交流方式也会影响交流的成效。F选项“The way you talk can influence how well a parent listens to and understands you.（你说话的方式会影响父母倾听和理解你的程度。）”符合题意，故选F。
37．根据前文“Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want.（尽可能清楚地表达你的想法、感受和愿望。）”可知，本段讲述的是要清楚的表达你的需求。E选项“Give details that can help parents understand your situation.（提供能帮助父母了解你的情况的细节。）”符合题意，故选E。
38．根据本段小标题“•Be honest.（•要诚实。）”可知，本段讲述的是要保持诚实对于和父母交流的重要性。C选项“If you lie, they’ll find it hard to trust you.（如果你撒谎，他们会发现很难信任你。）”符合题意，故选C。
39．根据本段小标题“•Try not to argue.（•尽量不要争吵。）”可知，本段讲述的是和父母交流时的语气和态度问题。G选项“Of course, this is hard for any of us when we’re feeling heated about something.（当然，当我们对某事感到愤怒时，这对我们中的任何一个人来说都是困难的。）”符合题意，故选G。
40．根据后文“Telling your parents that you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to see yours, too.（告诉你的父母，你理解他们的观点和感受，有助于他们也愿意看到你的。）”可知，本段讲述的是要从父母的角度理解他们。B选项“Try to understand their point of view.（试着理解他们的观点。）”符合题意，故选B。
41．C 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．B 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【导语】本文为记叙文，文章讲述了作者在女儿表示自己不擅长运动时，告诉了她实情，并同时帮助女儿理解这样一个道理：我们每个人都有自己擅长和不擅长的事情，所以需要加倍努力去实现那些不擅长的事情。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使知道这一点，我的本能还是用一些假话骗她，“哦，你真的很擅长运动！”A.sense感觉，领悟； B.advice建议； C.rubbish 垃圾，废话；D.love爱。根据妈妈说的话可知，尽管知道女儿真的不擅长运动，但还是要用一些善意的谎言骗她。下文第五段第三句telling our kids some rubbish中的rubbish是词义复现。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我忍住了，在三思后，我告诉她：“不，你是有点不擅长运动。”A.idea想法，主意； B.truth事实，真相； C.news新闻，消息； D.lie谎言。由 But表转折可知，妈妈虽然直觉是骗女儿，但在思考之后，决定告诉女儿实情。故选B项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我补充到：“亲爱的，每个人都可能对某件事有天赋。”A.replied回复； B.added加，补充； C.commented评论 ； D.repeated重复。由前文“And I could see it hurt a bit.”可知，妈妈意识到说实话女儿受到了伤害，所以补充到，虽然不擅长运动，但在别的方面有天赋。故选B项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：比如你和阅读：你是一名五年级学生，读过查尔斯·狄更斯。A.learning学习； B.speaking演讲； C.reading阅读； D.writing写作。根据后文的read Charles Dickens可知，这里是指女儿的天赋是阅读，只有五年级，已经开始读查尔斯·狄更斯的作品了。故选C项。
45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但我们也有我们不擅长的东西。A.fond of 喜欢；B.amazed at 惊讶；C.good at擅长； D.interested in感兴趣。由上文说女儿擅长阅读可知，but表示转折，女儿也会有不擅长的东西。故选C项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我们想在这些事情上达到令人满意的水平，我们必须投入两倍努力，如果我们想要胜过别人，我们需要更加努力。”A.put in实行，花费；B. put away拿开，收好；C. put up提供，举起； D.put off摆脱，延期。根据上文妈妈说也会有不擅长的东西，而对于不擅长的东西就需要付出加倍的努力，才能达到令人满意的水平。故选A项。
47．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“如果我们想在这些事情上达到令人满意的水平，我们必须投入两倍努力，如果我们想要胜过别人，我们需要更加努力。”A.improve提高； B.excel 优于，擅长；C.pass 超过；D.continue继续。根据后文的even harder可知，要更加努力才能胜过别人。故选B项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她完全理解了。A.got得到，获得；B. forgot忘记； C.made 使得；D.did做。根据前文She was nodding和后文Because it’s the truth. 可知，女儿因为理解了妈妈说的话，所以一直在点头表示认可，即她理解了这个道理。get it为固定搭配，表示“明白了”。故选A项。
49．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时我想知道为什么我们跑来跑去告诉我们的孩子一些压根讲不通的废话，即使他们实际上可以接受事实。A.take place发生； B.get around到处走走，说服；C.come along陪伴，一起来； D.make sense讲得通，有意义。由rubbish可知，是讲不通的一些废话，和后文的truth相对。故选D项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，当他们意识到我们在撒谎时，我们就会破坏我们的可信度。A.develop 发展；B.damage 损坏，破坏；C.ignore忽略，忽视； D.value估价。由realize we are lying可知，孩子们得知父母字啊欺骗自己后，信任值就会降低。故选B项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子对自己有准确的了解，这样他们就不会在事情变得艰难时感到震惊。A.heart-felt衷心的，诚挚的； B.hot-headed 急躁的，鲁莽的；C.right-sized大小合适的； D.good-natured和蔼的，和善的。根据上文妈妈觉得要告诉孩子真相，是希望孩子能正确的认识自己，不要自满也不要自卑。故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子对自己有准确的了解，这样他们就不会在事情变得艰难时感到震惊。A.tired 疲惫的；B.shocked吃惊的，震惊的；C. excited兴奋地，激动地；D. inspired有灵感的，受鼓舞的。结合后文“but nobody is going to band it to them”可知，让孩子能准确认识自己是为了让他们在遇到困难时有心理准备，不至于震惊然后受到伤害。故选B项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们可以是奥运选手，但没有人会和他们在一起，可能自然也会与他们作对。A.nature自然；B. time时间；C. history历史； D.experience经验。由前文的Olympians可知，孩子们遇到的困难可能是没人愿意做队友，也可能来自环境，大自然也与他们作对。故选A项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会明白，很多事情要求大量的工作。A.perform 执行，完成； B.increase增加； C.require要求； D.change改变。根据上文和常识可知，完成一项事情是需要付出努力的，这就需要花费大量的精力去实现。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让它发生。A.watch 看；B.let 让，使；C.help帮助；D. make做，使得。根据上文“They can’t just expect something to happen.”可知，不能只期待某事发生，而要用实际行动将其变为现实。make it happen为固定搭配，意为“是成为现实”。故选D项。
56．However 57．a 58．their 59．to 60．which 61．to give 62．subjects 63．really 64．playing 65．was recommended
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述由于新冠病毒的爆发，许多学校开始开设学生在家学习的在线课程，但结果并不令人满意。
56．考查副词。句意：然而，结果并不令人满意，因为在线教育要求教师使用手机软件上课，并与学生进行正确的互动，这对许多教师来说是一个挑战。根据前句中“started online courses”与空格所在句中“challenge for many teachers”可知前后两句是转折关系，空格在句首，且后有逗号。故填However。
57．考查冠词。句意：然而，结果并不令人满意，因为在线教育要求教师使用手机软件上课，并与学生进行正确的互动，这对许多教师来说是一个挑战。challenge指具体的某项挑战时，是可数名词，此处指上网课对老师来说是一个挑战，应用不定冠词，且challenge的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
58．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：一些老师发现，他们在完成在线课程之前关闭了麦克风，而另一些老师则经常被孩子的大喊大叫打断。空格处修饰名词短语children's shouting or crying用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
59．考查固定短语。句意：有时由于网络连接不好，他们不得不反复重新连接平台，这让学生和老师都很烦恼。due to是一个固定短语，意为：因为；由于。故填to。
60．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：有时由于网络连接不好，他们不得不反复重新连接平台，这让学生和老师都很烦恼。空格所在的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：老师们发现在线授课很尴尬。分析可知本句为固定句型find it + adj.+ to do，其中it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语。故填to give。
62．考查名词的数。句意：一些家长抱怨他们不得不加入不同科目的几个不同的聊天群。subject为可数名词，前面有形容词different修饰，所以用复数名词。故填subjects.
63．考查副词。句意：他们也讨厌以确保他们的孩子真正集中注意力，而不是玩电子游戏而陪孩子上网课的这种方式。修饰形容词concentrated用副词。故填really。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也讨厌以确保他们的孩子真正集中注意力，而不是玩电子游戏而陪孩子上网课的这种方式。空格处作介词的宾语，所以用动名词。故填playing。
65．考查时态语态。句意：教育部周三表示，建议将网络课程与感染预防和心理健康指导联系起来。空格处是主句谓语，空格前的it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句部分，此处指被推荐/建议，根据时间状语on Wednesday可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。结合主谓一致，故填was recommended。
66．amazing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个小村庄在短短十年内就变成了一个著名的旅游城市。根据汉语提示及主语是It可知，此处应填形容词amazing，作表语。故填amazing。
67．preferred
【详解】考查动词。句意：他说，他宁愿留着自己的旧卡车，也不愿买些稍新一点的东西。根据汉语提示“宁可”可知，应填动词prefer，结合上文He said可知，用一般过去时。故填preferred。
68．seek
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多年轻人到大城市去寻找发财的机会。表示“寻找”为seek，符合题意；空前有不定式to，故空处填动词原形。故填seek。
69．Eventually
【详解】考查副词。句意：最终，她找到了工作，搬到了伦敦。eventually“最终”，此处修饰整句话，应使用副词形式。故填Eventually。
70．survived
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这些小生物已经在地球上生存了超过一亿四千万年。根据汉语提示“存活”，可知应填动词survive，作谓语，结合上文These little creatures have 可知为现在完成时，表过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，用过去分词表已完成的动作。故填survived。
71．ordinary
【详解】考查形容词。句意：该杂志的读者说，他们想了解更多关于普通人的故事。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词ordinary符合题意，作定语，修饰名词people。故填ordinary。
72．assume
【详解】考查动词和情态动词用法。句意：在艺术评论中，你必须假设艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。表示“假定”应用动词assume，在情态动词must后应用原形。故填assume。
73．confusing##puzzling
【详解】考查形容词。句意：盒子上的说明令人费解。我必须联系京东商城的卖家。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词confusing/puzzling“令人困惑的”作表语，表明主语instructions的特征。故填confusing/puzzling。
74．tend
【详解】考查时态。句意：承受巨大压力的人往往会充分发挥自己的潜力。根据句型和句意分析可知，此空应填谓语动词且时态为一般现在时，再根据中文提示可知，应填tend，词性为动词，tend to do sth.表“倾向于做某事”。故填tend。
75．familiar
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。分析句子可知，此处应填入形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词faces。再根据汉语提示，故填入familiar。
76．Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear that you are considering making up with Tom. If I were you. I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.
As far as I know, Tom is always in poor health so he can take more exercise by riding a bike to build up his body, in the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpful to rebuild your friendship. Besides, taking a bike is an environmentally-friendly means of transport. It's convenient for him to get around as well.
Apart from giving him a gift, you can also adopt other means, such as travelling seeing a movie having dinner and going shopping. No matter what you do, being sincere is the most important I hope that we can be friends forever.
Best Wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，写一篇邮件。
【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文。根据题干可知：假如你是李华，你的两位朋友Tom与Peter几天前发生了争吵。3月9日是Peter生日，Tom想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，并特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。要求你给Tom回一封邮件，要点包括：1．礼物选择：2．你的理由；3．其它和解建议。
同时要注意以下几点：
1.通篇以一般现在时态为主。
2. 要点要齐全。但是不要对要点进行简单的罗列。可以使用适当的连接词，使上下文行文流畅，衔接自然流程。
3.注意语气。既然这是一封建议信，应该委婉地提出自己的建议，并表示两个朋友可以早日和好。
【点睛】范文中运用一些常见的短语As far as I know据我所知；build up增强；it is convenient for sb to do 做某事对于某人来说是很便利的；In the meanwhile与此同时；Apart from除了；If I were you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him 这个句子运用到对现在的虚拟；In the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpful to rebuild your friendship.这个句子which引导非限制性定语从句，代指上面这件事；No matter what you do, being sincere is the most important. 这句话中no matter what引导让步状语从句，还运用到动名词做主语。
2022-2023学年高一上学期12月第二次月考
英 语
时间：120分钟 总分：150分
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共两卷，满分150分。考试时间为120分钟。
2. 答案写在答题卡上的指定位置。考试结束后，交回答题卡。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，共20题，满分30分）
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much will the man pay?
A. ＄8. B. ＄15. C. ＄30.
2. What does the woman dislike about the building?
A. Its design. B. Its position. C. Its neighborhood.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a theater. C. In a children’s park.
4. What will happen to the woman by next Friday?
A. She will finish her final exams. B. She will start a new term. C. She will work part-time.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A holiday. B. The coast. C. A flight.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers now?
A. In Vancouver. B. In San Francisco. C. In Seattle.
7. What does the man do?
A. A student. B. A travel agent. C. A teacher.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is the woman talking to?
A. The house owner. B. A repairman. C. A painter.
9. What will the woman do if her problem isn’t solved?
A. Send a large bill to the man.
B. Find someone to fix the wall.
C. Fix the electricity wires herself.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He writes songs. B. He sells music records. C. He works for a radio program.
11. What kind of music does the man like best?
A. Country music. B. Jazz. C. Rock.
12. Why did the man start to buy music books?
A. To write more songs.
B. To start a new radio program.
C. To get information more easily.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To offer a job. B. To do a survey. C. To ask for advice.
14. What advantage can the woman gain from working in the hotel?
A. She can earn much more money.
B. She can get useful experience.
C. She can have more free time.
15. How much does the woman earn a week in the store?
A. ＄500. B. ＄300. C. ＄200.
16. What will the woman do?
A. Find a job in the school. B. Take the job in the hotel. C. Keep the job in the store.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker major in at college?
A. Woodwork. B. Design. C. Art.
18. What model did the speaker think was the most difficult to do?
A. A large castle. B. A burnt-out house. C. A strange farmhouse.
19. How did the speaker rebuild a theater?
A. By going to an exhibition regularly.
B. By watching the original building.
C. By following detailed drawings.
20. Where does the speaker live?
A. In Japan. B. In England. C. In Canada.
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5, 895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8,848.86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6,193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali which means ”the tall one“, comes from Koyukon, This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, it began to be called” Mount McKinley“, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5,140 meters above sea level. Located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica, Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
21．Which of the following shares two names from two countries?
A．Mount Koyukon. B．Mount Vinson.
C．Mount Everest. D．Mount Kilimanjaro.
22．Who first discovered Mount Vinson?
A．A Japanese. B．An Australian.
C．A Frenchman. D．An American.
23．What do the four mountains have in common?
A．They are all covered with snow all through the year.
B．They are all the highest mountains in separate continents.
C．They are all occupied with typically unique wild animals.
D．They are all likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
B
In habitats across the planet, animals periodically drop everything to walk, fly or swim to a new place. Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model, and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way. Take the Cory’s shearwater, an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year. The young do not migrate with their parents, so culture cannot explain their journeys. And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual, making genetics equally unlikely.
Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”, and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements.
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine. They found that younger birds traveled longer distances, for longer periods, and had more diverse paths than older birds. “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration-refinement’ for migratory birds,” says Letizia Campioni, who led the study. Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei. “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.”
24．What is the first paragraph mainly about? .
A．It describes animals’ habitats. B．It talks about migration models.
C．It compares different species. D．It introduces a tracking technology.
25．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The opening for learning and practice.
B．The unique living habit of Cory’s shearwaters.
C．The way Cory’s shearwaters form their migration patterns.
D．The process scientists track Cory’s shearwaters’ movements.
26．What does Letizia’s study find about the younger Cory’s shearwaters?
A．They travel as much as adult birds.
B．They move in a predictable manner.
C．They lower the speed for exploration.
D．They look for a course with their parents.
27．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A．Man-made changes make migration easier.
B．Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.
C．Course exploration contributes to birds’ adaptability.
D．A combination of strategies assures migration success.
C
In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves, and in each race they try to achieve the new personal best.
For one Nebraska teen running in what would likely to be his final cross-country outing before graduating from high school, his personal best turned out not to be marking the fastest time but displaying the biggest heart.
Although it was a long shot when he came out from the starting position last Thursday, Brandon Schutt from Bellevue East High School knew if his time was good enough that day, he still had the potential to qualify for the upcoming state meet. A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum (势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day.
Meanwhile, Blake Cerveny from Omaha Burke High School was running a very different kind of race. Aiming to beat his own personal record, after a fast start, he continued to push himself hard.
With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny’s legs cramped up (抽筋), but he didn’t give up. Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 150 meters and again... About 100 meters away from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply given out.
Before Cerveny’s dad could reach his son, Brandon Schutt was at his side to offer a helping hand. The two completed the final meters of the course. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his opponent a faster time.
In today’s competitive world, while the emphasis in athletics is so often on breaking records, it is inspiring to see an athlete like Brandon Schutt.
28．What does the underlined phrase “a long shot” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Simple to compete. B．Unlikely to succeed.
C．Exciting to be qualified. D．Surprising to break records.
29．Why did Brandon Schutt slow down after a mile?
A．To have a final push. B．To help Blake Cerveny.
C．To examine his wounds. D．To enjoy the competition.
30．What can we learn about Blake Cerveny in the race?
A．He didn’t cross the finish line. B．He was generous to help others.
C．He was a person of determination. D．He was affected by his physical disability.
31．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The love for sports. B．The sport of track and field.
C．The importance of perseverance. D．The value of true sportsmanship.
D
Australian scientists are leading an international project to build an extremely powerful ground-based telescope(望远镜).The telescope’s short name is MAVIS. It is designed to correct a problem common to Earth-based telescopes: image blurring(图像模糊) caused by the atmosphere(大气).
Scientists in Australia say the new technology will help them explore how the first stars formed 13 billion years ago. The telescope will also examine changes in the weather on planets and moons in our solar system. It will provide a deeper and clearer look into space than the Hubble Space Telescope. Images produced by MAVIS are expected to be three times clearer than the Hubble Space Telescope. Sent into space in 1990, Hubble orbits(环绕) Earth from about 550 kilometers away, well outside the planet’s atmosphere.
Richard McDermid of Macquarie University in Sydney says the new telescope will change the way we explore space. He said the telescope will allow scientists to push into a new frontline(前沿) of the furthest and faintest(最微小) things we can see. “The new view will include the universe’s earliest galaxies(星系). This also means an exploration of the past,” McDermid said, “because when we look far away in astronomy we are also looking far back in time because it takes time for the light to reach us.”
The MAVIS team, which includes scientists from Macquarie University, Italy’s National Institute for Astrophysics, and France’s Laboratoired Astrophysique, is led by the Australian National University. The telescope will be placed in Chile and run by the European Southern Observatory, a research organization based in Germany. It is expected to take seven years tobuild and cost $44 million.
32．What is the purpose of MAVIS?
A．To provide clearer pictures of outer space.
B．To find the universe’s earliest galaxies.
C．To observe the planets in different weather.
D．To examine the changes in the solar system.
33．What can we know about MAVIS?
A．It will be placed on other planets outside Earth.
B．It will help explore the past of the universe.
C．It will replace the Hubble Space Telescope.
D．It will be the first telescope to travel to space.
34．What is the purpose of McDermid’s words?
A．To give an example. B．To explain a concept.
C．To describe a fact. D．To make a prediction.
35．What is the text mainly about?
A．The importance of outer space research.
B．The introduction to a new space program.
C．Australia’s plan to build a super telescope.
D．The difficulties of exploring the universe.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分7.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As most of us know, talking to and listening to parents don’t always go smoothly. Emotions and past experiences can get in the way. Since communication is a two-way street, some depends on your parents and some of what happens depends on you. ____36____So here are some guidelines to consider how to talk to parents:
•Be clear and direct.
Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want. ____37____They can listen better or be more helpful if they understand what you mean specifically and what’s really going on.
•Be honest.
If you’re always honest, a parent will be likely to believe what you say. ____38____If you sometimes hide the truth or add too much drama, parents will have a harder time believing what you tell them.
•Try not to argue.
Using a friendly and respectful tone makes it more likely that parents will listen and take what you say seriously. ____39____If you think your emotions might get the better of you, do something to let off steam and calm down before talking.
• ____40____
If you have a disagreement, can you see your parents’ side? If you can, say so. Telling your parents that you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to see yours, too.
A．Communicate as often as possible.
B．Try to understand their point of view.
C．If you lie, they’ll find it hard to trust you.
D．Make careful preparations before talking to your parents.
E．Give details that can help parents understand your situation.
F．The way you talk can influence how well a parent listens to and understands you.
G．Of course, this is hard for any of us when we’re feeling heated about something.
三、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
A week ago, my daughter said, “Mom, I don’t think I’m very athletic.”
I’ve observed her in various sports, and she is just like me: two left feet. But even knowing it, my first instinct (本能) was to snow her with some____41____ “Oh, you’re actnally good at sports!”
I held back, however, and after thinking twice, I told her the____42____: “No, you’re kind of not.”
And I could see it hurt a bit. So I____43____: “Dear, everyone may have a natural talent for something. Like you and____44____: You’re a 5th grader and read Charles Dickens. But we also have things we are not____45____. If we want to reach a satisfactory level at those things, we have to____46____twice the effort and if we want to____47____we need to try even harder.”
She was nodding. She totally____48____it. Why? Because it’s the truth. Sometimes I wonder why we run around telling our kids some rubbish that don’t even____49____when they can actually accept the truth. Besides, when they realize we are lying, we____50____our credibility.
I want my kids to have a___51___understanding of themselves so they won’t be____52____when things get tough. They can be Olympians, but nobody is going to band it to them and____53____may work against them. They will understand that many things____54____a nearly huge amount of WORK. They can’t just expect something to happen. They____55____it happen.
41．A．sense B．advice C．rubbish D．love
42．A．idea B．truth C．news D．lie
43．A．replied B．added C．commented D．repeated
44．A．learning B．speaking C．reading D．writing
45．A．fond of B．amazed at C．good at D．interested in
46．A．put in B．put away C．put up D．put off
47．A．improve B．excel C．pass D．continue
48．A．got B．forgot C．made D．did
49．A．take place B．get around C．come along D．make sense
50．A．develop B．damage C．ignore D．value
51．A．heart-felt B．hot-headed C．right-sized D．good-natured
52．A．tired B．shocked C．excited D．inspired
53．A．nature B．time C．history D．experience
54．A．perform B．increase C．require D．change
55．A．watch B．let C．help D．make
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分）
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上。写在试卷上无效。
第一部分：语言知识运用（共两节; 满分25分）
第一节：语法填空（每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many schools started online courses for students to study at home on account of the spread of COVID-19. ____56____, the outcome turned out to be not satisfying, because the online education required teachers to have classes using mobile phone software and properly interact with students, which proved to be ____57____challenge for many teachers.
Some teachers discovered they left the microphones off before finishing the online courses, and others were frequently interrupted by ____58____ (they) young children's shouting or crying. Sometimes they had to repeatedly reconnect to the platform due ____59____poor Internet connection , ____60____annoyed both the students and the teachers. Some schools offered online courses for each subject including sports. Teachers found it awkward ____61____ (give) instructions online because many children did not have enough space to move. Some parents complained that they had to join several different chat groups of different ____62____ (subject) . They also hated to accompany their children taking online courses just to make sure their children were ____63____ (real) concentrated instead of ____64____ (play) video games.
The Ministry of Education said on Wednesday that it _____65_____ (recommend) that online courses should also be linked to infection prevention and psychological health guidance .
第二节：单词拼写（请使用必修一第1-5单元所学单词的正确形式）（每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
66．It’s________(惊人的) that the small village has changed in to a famous tourist city in only ten years.
67．He said he________(宁可) to keep his old truck rather than acquire something slightly newer.
68．Many young people go to big cities to ________ (寻找) their fortune.
69．______（最终），she got a job and moved to London.
70．These little creatures have ________(存活) on earth for more than 140 million years.
71．Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about ______ (普通的) people. 72．In art criticism, you must ________ (假定) the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.
73．The instructions on the box are very ___________ (令人困惑的). I have to contact the seller on JD．com.
74．People under great stress ________(趋向于) to express their full potential.
75．They are already ______ (熟悉的) faces on our TV screens .
第二部分：书面表达（共一节; 满分25分）
假设你是李华。你的两位朋友Tom与 Peter几天前产生了误会。Tom的生日即将来临, Peter想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。请你根据以下要点给Peter回一封邮件。
1、礼物选择；2、你的理由；3、其他建议。
注意：1.词数100左右。2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2022-2023学年高一上学期12月第二次月考
参考答案：
第I卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much will the man pay?
A. ＄8. B. ＄15. C. ＄30.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I like these cups. How much are they?
W: Eight dollars each. Or two for 15.
M: So I’d like two of them.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman dislike about the building?
A. Its design. B. Its position. C. Its neighborhood.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you see that building we just passed, Nancy? Wouldn’t you like to live there?
W: Yeah, they look nice, but this is too far from my office. Besides, I like living with my sister.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a theater. C. In a children’s park.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Should I put this sign in the window with the new sale prices?
W: No. The sale of the children’s clothing is more important right now. I want people to see it as soon as possible.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will happen to the woman by next Friday?
A. She will finish her final exams. B. She will start a new term. C. She will work part-time.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Will you finish your final exams by this time next week?
W: Yes, by next Friday it’ll all be over, thank goodness, and I’ll be my normal self again. And I want to find a part-time job while waiting for the new term.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A holiday. B. The coast. C. A flight.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: The weather was clear all down the coast, so the flight was pretty smooth.
W: But that fog did make it longer than we expected.
M: Yeah. Anyway I am glad to be home safely.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where are the speakers now?
A. In Vancouver. B. In San Francisco. C. In Seattle.
7. What does the man do?
A. A student. B. A travel agent. C. A teacher.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Great party, isn’t it?
W: Yes, wonderful.
M: By the way, I’m Mike.
W: Hi, Mike. I’m Kyoko.
M: Nice to meet you. Where are you from?
W: Japan, but I live here in San Francisco now. I’m studying at the university. How about you? Are you American?
M: No, actually I’m Canadian. I’m from Vancouver.
W: Oh really? Do you live there?
M: No, I live in Seattle now.
W: Oh, nice city. What do you do?
M: I’m a travel agent there. Well, it was nice talking with you.
W: Me too.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who is the woman talking to?
A. The house owner. B. A repairman. C. A painter.
9. What will the woman do if her problem isn’t solved?
A. Send a large bill to the man.
B. Find someone to fix the wall.
C. Fix the electricity wires herself.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Jack speaking.
W: This is Rose. I’ve phoned about the wall a couple of times and I’m afraid nothing’s happened.
M: I’m sorry, Rose. I’ll get someone to fix it.
W: The wet area is spreading all the time and it’s getting closer to electricity wires. It could be very dangerous. If nothing is done about it soon, I’ll have to find somebody myself to deal with it, and it really won’t be my fault if you receive a very large bill.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He writes songs. B. He sells music records. C. He works for a radio program.
11. What kind of music does the man like best?
A. Country music. B. Jazz. C. Rock.
12. Why did the man start to buy music books?
A. To write more songs.
B. To start a new radio program
C. To get information more easily.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: How did you get interested in country music?
M: Well, when my wife and I first got our record player, we started to buy all kinds of records—jazz, country music and rock. Soon I found that I was buying more country music records than any other kind.
W: How did you start working for the radio station?
M: I thought there should be a radio program of country songs, so I went to CBC and suggested it. That was how we started the program called Golden Country Time.
W: Then you were asked to write articles to explain the background of those songs.
M: Yes, but soon I got tired of running to the library to find information, so I started buying country song books and building my own library.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To offer a job. B. To do a survey. C. To ask for advice.
14. What advantage can the woman gain from working in the hotel?
A. She can earn much more money.
B. She can get useful experience.
C. She can have more free time.
15. How much does the woman earn a week in the store?
A. ＄500. B. ＄300. C. ＄200.
16. What will the woman do?
A. Find a job in the school. B. Take the job in the hotel. C. Keep the job in the store.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Paul. I have been meaning to talk to you.
M: Hi, Susan. What’s up?
W: Well, I have this great job that is to manage a store in the shopping center.
M: So what is the problem?
W: Well, one of my classmates just told me about a summer job that’s on offer. He thinks I might be able to work in the office of the Lake Hotel here in town.
M: That sounds like a good chance. Why not take it?
W: I’d love to, especially since I’m studying hotel management. It would be a great way to get some useful experience in my field. But I wouldn’t be making as much money as I would in the store, not to mention the free time I could get there.
M: How much is paid for the work in the hotel?
W:＄300 a week—＄200 less than working in the store.
M: Well, if I were you, I would take the job in the hotel anyway. You could always get a job during the school term next year to make a few more dollars.
W: I think you’re right.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What did the speaker major in at college?
A. Woodwork. B. Design. C. Art.
18. What model did the speaker think was the most difficult to do?
A. A large castle. B. A burnt-out house. C. A strange farmhouse.
19. How did the speaker rebuild a theater?
A. By going to an exhibition regularly.
B. By watching the original building.
C. By following detailed drawings.
20. Where does the speaker live?
A. In Japan. B. In England. C. In Canada.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: My job is model-making. I make small copies of large buildings. It might seem a strange job, but I knew when I was at school that it was what I wanted to do. So I did a college course, not in art or design as you might expect, but in woodwork. Because of the concentration on fine detail it requires, it was perfect for a model-maker. I’ve done quite a few jobs now. The toughest task I’ve ever had was from Ireland. I was asked to do a model of part of a large house which had burnt down years before. I’ve done all sorts of buildings since, everything from large castles to the most ordinary farmhouse. The one I liked most, though, was where I had to rebuild a theater. The original building was gone, but this time there were detailed drawings to work from. My model was then shown in an exhibition in London. It was fun because I could go and look at it every day if I wanted to. Generally, I don’t see my models again after I’ve delivered them, as 80% of them are shipped out to Japan or Canada, with the rest shared between England and France.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文中介绍了世界上最高的四座山峰。
21．细节理解题。根据Mount Everest部分中“The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.( 它的中文名字叫珠峰，意思是“世界女神之母”。尼泊尔的名字是Sagarmatha，有多种含义。)”可知，Mount Everest来自两个国家。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Mount Vinson部分中的“ It was spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.( 1935年，美国飞行员林肯·埃尔斯沃斯从空中发现了它。)”可知，该山是由美国人发现的。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据Mount Kilimanjaro部分中“Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa.(乞力马扎罗山是一座休眠火山，是非洲最高的山。)”以及Mount Everest部分中“Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world.(珠穆朗玛峰是亚洲第一高峰，也是世界第一高峰。)”；以及Denali部分中“Denali is the highest mountain in North America. (德纳利山是北美最高的山。)”；以及Mount Vinson部分中“Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. (文森山是南极洲最高的山。)”可知，这四座山它们都是不同大陆上的最高峰。故选B。
24．B 25．C 26．C 27．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对科里海鸥迁徙的模式的研究。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.(像鲸鱼和大雁这样的野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣禽，在它们的遗传密码中获得了迁徙的距离和方向。一些动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁移)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B项。
25．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.(科里海鸥的寿命很长，很少能在九岁之前成功产下幼崽。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式提供了机会)”和“Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索-精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是科里海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.(年轻的科里海鸥能够和成年海鸥一样快地飞行，但它们没有，这表明年轻的科里海鸥会进行更多的探索，随着它们成熟并确定了自己喜欢的路线，这种探索逐渐消失)”可知，莱蒂齐亚的研究发现小科里海鸥为了探索降低了它们的飞行速度。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei.(芭芭拉·弗雷说：“尽管它看起来比其他策略效率低，但在一个由于不可预测的人为变化而迅速变化的世界中，探索精炼可能对鸟类和其他生物有益”)”推知，路线探索有助于鸟类的适应能力。故选C项。
28．B 29．D 30．C 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在高中毕业前的一场内布拉斯加州青少年越野跑中，Brandon Schutt的个人成绩虽然不是最好的，但帮助原本很有实力的但此时倒在地上的竞争对手Blake Cerveny冲向终点的行为展示了真正的体育精神。
28．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Although it was a long shot when he came out from the starting position last Thursday, Brandon Schutt from Bellevue East High School knew if his time was good enough that day, he still had the potential to qualify for the upcoming state meet. A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum (势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day. (虽然当他上周四从起点位置出来时，it was a long shot，但来自贝尔维尤东部高中的Brandon Schutt知道，如果他那天的时间足够好，他仍然有潜力获得即将到来的州运动会的资格。然而，在3.1英里的比赛开始一英里后，舒特意识到他无法保持必要的势头。他没有冒着受伤的风险，而是放慢到舒适的步伐，让他能够简单地享受当下和每一天的快乐。)”可知，Brandon Schutt本来认为如果他在这个越野赛的成绩足够好，他依旧可能拿到参加州运动会的资格，但是跑了一英里以后，他的速度跟不上了，他觉得拿到参加州运动会的资格的这个目标完不成了，他索性放慢了节奏，享受当下。故it was a long shot，意为“拿到参加州运动会的资格这事不太可能成功”，a long shot，意为“不可能成功（Unlikely to succeed）”，故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum (势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day. (然而，在3.1英里的比赛开始一英里后，Schutt意识到他无法保持必要的势头了。他没有冒着受伤的风险，而是放慢到舒适的步伐，让他能够简单地享受当下和每一天的快乐)”可知，Brandon Schutt在比赛中跑了一英里后，知道自己实力不够，于是放缓步伐，单纯地享受比赛的快乐。故选D项。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“Meanwhile, Blake Cerveny from Omaha Burke High School was running a very different kind of race. Aiming to beat his own personal record, after a fast start, he continued to push himself hard. (与此同时，来自奥马哈伯克高中的Blake Cerveny正在参加一种完全不同的比赛。为了打破自己的个人记录，在快速起步后，他继续努力。)”，以及第五段“With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny’s legs cramped up (抽筋), but he didn’t give up. Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 150 meters and again …About 100 meters away from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply given out. (离比赛结束还有不到400米的时候，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，但他没有放弃。 Cerveny从地上爬起来，继续前进，但又在150米处倒下，在距离终点线大约100米处，他蜷缩在地上。 他的腿完全不能动了。 )”可知，为了打破自己的纪录，Blake Cerveny使出浑身解数，就算是腿部抽筋，还在往终点线爬，可以推知Blake Cerveny是一个顽强的人。故选C项。
31．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Before Cerveny’s dad could reach his son, Brandon Schutt was at his side to offer a helping hand. The two completed the final meters of the course. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his opponent a faster time. (还没等Cerveny的父亲走到儿子身边，Brandon Schutt就站在他身边伸出了援助之手。两人完成了比赛的最后几米。舒特甚至确保受伤的跑者第一个冲过终点线，确保他的对手跑得更快。)”，以及最后一段“In today’s competitive world, while the emphasis in athletics is so often on breaking records, it is inspiring to see an athlete like Brandon Schutt. (在当今竞争激烈的世界，尽管田径运动的重点往往是打破纪录，但看到Brandon Schut这样的运动员是令人鼓舞的。)”可知，在比赛中能打破纪录固然令人激动，Cerveny是有实力，但却在最后出了状况，实力不如Cerveny的Brandon Schut帮助处于劣势的Cerveny，还让Cerveny比自己先过终点，这才是真正的鼓舞人心的体育精神。作者通过这个故事宣扬了真正体育精神的价值。故选D项。
32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚和几个国家的科学家联合制造一个超级地面望远镜。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The telescope’s short name is MAVIS. It is designed to correct a problem common to Earth-based telescopes: image blurring(图像模糊) caused by the atmosphere(大气). (该望远镜的简称是MAVIS。它的设计是为了纠正地球上望远镜普遍存在的一个问题：大气造成的图像模糊。)”可知，MAVIS的目的是提供更清晰的外太空图片。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists in Australia say the new technology will help them explore how the first stars formed 13 billion years ago.(澳大利亚科学家表示，这项新技术将帮助他们探索130亿年前第一批恒星是如何形成的。)”和第三段“This also means an exploration of the past,(这也意味着对过去的探索，)”可知，MAVIS将有助于探索宇宙的过去。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段“'The new view will include the universe’s earliest galaxies(星系). This also means an exploration of the past,' McDermid said, 'because when we look far away in astronomy we are also looking far back in time because it takes time for the light to reach us.'(“新的视角将包括宇宙中最早的星系。这也意味着对过去的探索”麦克德米德说，“因为当我们在天文学中遥望遥远的时候，我们也在遥望遥远的时间，因为光到达我们这里需要时间。”)”及上文“Richard McDermid of Macquarie University in Sydney says the new telescope will change the way we explore space. He said the telescope will allow scientists to push into a new frontline(前沿) of the furthest and faintest(最微小) things we can see.(悉尼麦考瑞大学的理查德·麦克德米德说，新的望远镜将改变我们探索太空的方式。他说，该望远镜将允许科学家“进入我们所能看到的最远和最模糊事物的新领域”。)”可知，麦克德米德说的话，目的是预测未来。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Australian scientists are leading an international project to build an extremely powerful ground-based telescope(望远镜).(澳大利亚科学家正在领导一个国际项目，建造一个功能极其强大的地面望远镜。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚制造一个超级地面望远镜的计划。故选C。
36．F 37．E 38．C 39．G 40．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有助于和父母交流的四种方法。
36．根据前文“Since communication is a two-way street, some depends on your parents and some of what happens depends on you.（由于交流是双向的，有些取决于你的父母，有些则取决于你自己。）”可知，与父母的交流方式也会影响交流的成效。F选项“The way you talk can influence how well a parent listens to and understands you.（你说话的方式会影响父母倾听和理解你的程度。）”符合题意，故选F。
37．根据前文“Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want.（尽可能清楚地表达你的想法、感受和愿望。）”可知，本段讲述的是要清楚的表达你的需求。E选项“Give details that can help parents understand your situation.（提供能帮助父母了解你的情况的细节。）”符合题意，故选E。
38．根据本段小标题“•Be honest.（•要诚实。）”可知，本段讲述的是要保持诚实对于和父母交流的重要性。C选项“If you lie, they’ll find it hard to trust you.（如果你撒谎，他们会发现很难信任你。）”符合题意，故选C。
39．根据本段小标题“•Try not to argue.（•尽量不要争吵。）”可知，本段讲述的是和父母交流时的语气和态度问题。G选项“Of course, this is hard for any of us when we’re feeling heated about something.（当然，当我们对某事感到愤怒时，这对我们中的任何一个人来说都是困难的。）”符合题意，故选G。
40．根据后文“Telling your parents that you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to see yours, too.（告诉你的父母，你理解他们的观点和感受，有助于他们也愿意看到你的。）”可知，本段讲述的是要从父母的角度理解他们。B选项“Try to understand their point of view.（试着理解他们的观点。）”符合题意，故选B。
41．C 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．B 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【导语】本文为记叙文，文章讲述了作者在女儿表示自己不擅长运动时，告诉了她实情，并同时帮助女儿理解这样一个道理：我们每个人都有自己擅长和不擅长的事情，所以需要加倍努力去实现那些不擅长的事情。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使知道这一点，我的本能还是用一些假话骗她，“哦，你真的很擅长运动！”A.sense感觉，领悟； B.advice建议； C.rubbish 垃圾，废话；D.love爱。根据妈妈说的话可知，尽管知道女儿真的不擅长运动，但还是要用一些善意的谎言骗她。下文第五段第三句telling our kids some rubbish中的rubbish是词义复现。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我忍住了，在三思后，我告诉她：“不，你是有点不擅长运动。”A.idea想法，主意； B.truth事实，真相； C.news新闻，消息； D.lie谎言。由 But表转折可知，妈妈虽然直觉是骗女儿，但在思考之后，决定告诉女儿实情。故选B项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我补充到：“亲爱的，每个人都可能对某件事有天赋。”A.replied回复； B.added加，补充； C.commented评论 ； D.repeated重复。由前文“And I could see it hurt a bit.”可知，妈妈意识到说实话女儿受到了伤害，所以补充到，虽然不擅长运动，但在别的方面有天赋。故选B项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：比如你和阅读：你是一名五年级学生，读过查尔斯·狄更斯。A.learning学习； B.speaking演讲； C.reading阅读； D.writing写作。根据后文的read Charles Dickens可知，这里是指女儿的天赋是阅读，只有五年级，已经开始读查尔斯·狄更斯的作品了。故选C项。
45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但我们也有我们不擅长的东西。A.fond of 喜欢；B.amazed at 惊讶；C.good at擅长； D.interested in感兴趣。由上文说女儿擅长阅读可知，but表示转折，女儿也会有不擅长的东西。故选C项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我们想在这些事情上达到令人满意的水平，我们必须投入两倍努力，如果我们想要胜过别人，我们需要更加努力。”A.put in实行，花费；B. put away拿开，收好；C. put up提供，举起； D.put off摆脱，延期。根据上文妈妈说也会有不擅长的东西，而对于不擅长的东西就需要付出加倍的努力，才能达到令人满意的水平。故选A项。
47．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“如果我们想在这些事情上达到令人满意的水平，我们必须投入两倍努力，如果我们想要胜过别人，我们需要更加努力。”A.improve提高； B.excel 优于，擅长；C.pass 超过；D.continue继续。根据后文的even harder可知，要更加努力才能胜过别人。故选B项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她完全理解了。A.got得到，获得；B. forgot忘记； C.made 使得；D.did做。根据前文She was nodding和后文Because it’s the truth. 可知，女儿因为理解了妈妈说的话，所以一直在点头表示认可，即她理解了这个道理。get it为固定搭配，表示“明白了”。故选A项。
49．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时我想知道为什么我们跑来跑去告诉我们的孩子一些压根讲不通的废话，即使他们实际上可以接受事实。A.take place发生； B.get around到处走走，说服；C.come along陪伴，一起来； D.make sense讲得通，有意义。由rubbish可知，是讲不通的一些废话，和后文的truth相对。故选D项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，当他们意识到我们在撒谎时，我们就会破坏我们的可信度。A.develop 发展；B.damage 损坏，破坏；C.ignore忽略，忽视； D.value估价。由realize we are lying可知，孩子们得知父母字啊欺骗自己后，信任值就会降低。故选B项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子对自己有准确的了解，这样他们就不会在事情变得艰难时感到震惊。A.heart-felt衷心的，诚挚的； B.hot-headed 急躁的，鲁莽的；C.right-sized大小合适的； D.good-natured和蔼的，和善的。根据上文妈妈觉得要告诉孩子真相，是希望孩子能正确的认识自己，不要自满也不要自卑。故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子对自己有准确的了解，这样他们就不会在事情变得艰难时感到震惊。A.tired 疲惫的；B.shocked吃惊的，震惊的；C. excited兴奋地，激动地；D. inspired有灵感的，受鼓舞的。结合后文“but nobody is going to band it to them”可知，让孩子能准确认识自己是为了让他们在遇到困难时有心理准备，不至于震惊然后受到伤害。故选B项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们可以是奥运选手，但没有人会和他们在一起，可能自然也会与他们作对。A.nature自然；B. time时间；C. history历史； D.experience经验。由前文的Olympians可知，孩子们遇到的困难可能是没人愿意做队友，也可能来自环境，大自然也与他们作对。故选A项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会明白，很多事情要求大量的工作。A.perform 执行，完成； B.increase增加； C.require要求； D.change改变。根据上文和常识可知，完成一项事情是需要付出努力的，这就需要花费大量的精力去实现。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让它发生。A.watch 看；B.let 让，使；C.help帮助；D. make做，使得。根据上文“They can’t just expect something to happen.”可知，不能只期待某事发生，而要用实际行动将其变为现实。make it happen为固定搭配，意为“是成为现实”。故选D项。
56．However 57．a 58．their 59．to 60．which 61．to give 62．subjects 63．really 64．playing 65．was recommended
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述由于新冠病毒的爆发，许多学校开始开设学生在家学习的在线课程，但结果并不令人满意。
56．考查副词。句意：然而，结果并不令人满意，因为在线教育要求教师使用手机软件上课，并与学生进行正确的互动，这对许多教师来说是一个挑战。根据前句中“started online courses”与空格所在句中“challenge for many teachers”可知前后两句是转折关系，空格在句首，且后有逗号。故填However。
57．考查冠词。句意：然而，结果并不令人满意，因为在线教育要求教师使用手机软件上课，并与学生进行正确的互动，这对许多教师来说是一个挑战。challenge指具体的某项挑战时，是可数名词，此处指上网课对老师来说是一个挑战，应用不定冠词，且challenge的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
58．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：一些老师发现，他们在完成在线课程之前关闭了麦克风，而另一些老师则经常被孩子的大喊大叫打断。空格处修饰名词短语children's shouting or crying用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
59．考查固定短语。句意：有时由于网络连接不好，他们不得不反复重新连接平台，这让学生和老师都很烦恼。due to是一个固定短语，意为：因为；由于。故填to。
60．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：有时由于网络连接不好，他们不得不反复重新连接平台，这让学生和老师都很烦恼。空格所在的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：老师们发现在线授课很尴尬。分析可知本句为固定句型find it + adj.+ to do，其中it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语。故填to give。
62．考查名词的数。句意：一些家长抱怨他们不得不加入不同科目的几个不同的聊天群。subject为可数名词，前面有形容词different修饰，所以用复数名词。故填subjects.
63．考查副词。句意：他们也讨厌以确保他们的孩子真正集中注意力，而不是玩电子游戏而陪孩子上网课的这种方式。修饰形容词concentrated用副词。故填really。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也讨厌以确保他们的孩子真正集中注意力，而不是玩电子游戏而陪孩子上网课的这种方式。空格处作介词的宾语，所以用动名词。故填playing。
65．考查时态语态。句意：教育部周三表示，建议将网络课程与感染预防和心理健康指导联系起来。空格处是主句谓语，空格前的it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句部分，此处指被推荐/建议，根据时间状语on Wednesday可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。结合主谓一致，故填was recommended。
66．amazing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个小村庄在短短十年内就变成了一个著名的旅游城市。根据汉语提示及主语是It可知，此处应填形容词amazing，作表语。故填amazing。
67．preferred
【详解】考查动词。句意：他说，他宁愿留着自己的旧卡车，也不愿买些稍新一点的东西。根据汉语提示“宁可”可知，应填动词prefer，结合上文He said可知，用一般过去时。故填preferred。
68．seek
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多年轻人到大城市去寻找发财的机会。表示“寻找”为seek，符合题意；空前有不定式to，故空处填动词原形。故填seek。
69．Eventually
【详解】考查副词。句意：最终，她找到了工作，搬到了伦敦。eventually“最终”，此处修饰整句话，应使用副词形式。故填Eventually。
70．survived
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这些小生物已经在地球上生存了超过一亿四千万年。根据汉语提示“存活”，可知应填动词survive，作谓语，结合上文These little creatures have 可知为现在完成时，表过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，用过去分词表已完成的动作。故填survived。
71．ordinary
【详解】考查形容词。句意：该杂志的读者说，他们想了解更多关于普通人的故事。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词ordinary符合题意，作定语，修饰名词people。故填ordinary。
72．assume
【详解】考查动词和情态动词用法。句意：在艺术评论中，你必须假设艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。表示“假定”应用动词assume，在情态动词must后应用原形。故填assume。
73．confusing##puzzling
【详解】考查形容词。句意：盒子上的说明令人费解。我必须联系京东商城的卖家。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词confusing/puzzling“令人困惑的”作表语，表明主语instructions的特征。故填confusing/puzzling。
74．tend
【详解】考查时态。句意：承受巨大压力的人往往会充分发挥自己的潜力。根据句型和句意分析可知，此空应填谓语动词且时态为一般现在时，再根据中文提示可知，应填tend，词性为动词，tend to do sth.表“倾向于做某事”。故填tend。
75．familiar
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。分析句子可知，此处应填入形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词faces。再根据汉语提示，故填入familiar。
76．Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear that you are considering making up with Tom. If I were you. I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.
As far as I know, Tom is always in poor health so he can take more exercise by riding a bike to build up his body, in the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpful to rebuild your friendship. Besides, taking a bike is an environmentally-friendly means of transport. It's convenient for him to get around as well.
Apart from giving him a gift, you can also adopt other means, such as travelling seeing a movie having dinner and going shopping. No matter what you do, being sincere is the most important I hope that we can be friends forever.
Best Wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，写一篇邮件。
【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文。根据题干可知：假如你是李华，你的两位朋友Tom与Peter几天前发生了争吵。3月9日是Peter生日，Tom想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，并特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。要求你给Tom回一封邮件，要点包括：1．礼物选择：2．你的理由；3．其它和解建议。
同时要注意以下几点：
1.通篇以一般现在时态为主。
2. 要点要齐全。但是不要对要点进行简单的罗列。可以使用适当的连接词，使上下文行文流畅，衔接自然流程。
3.注意语气。既然这是一封建议信，应该委婉地提出自己的建议，并表示两个朋友可以早日和好。
【点睛】范文中运用一些常见的短语As far as I know据我所知；build up增强；it is convenient for sb to do 做某事对于某人来说是很便利的；In the meanwhile与此同时；Apart from除了；If I were you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him 这个句子运用到对现在的虚拟；In the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpful to rebuild your friendship.这个句子which引导非限制性定语从句，代指上面这件事；No matter what you do, being sincere is the most important. 这句话中no matter what引导让步状语从句，还运用到动名词做主语。
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