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2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 考点05 主谓一致（B卷）
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这是一份2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 考点05 主谓一致（B卷），共5页。试卷主要包含了填空，阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.The number f expressins he learned last year ________ (be) n mre than 500.
2.Whether we can raise enugh mney t carry ut the prject ________(remain) t be discussed.
3.My teacher said water _________(bil) at 100℃.
4.As a result f the serius fld, tw thirds f the buildings in the area _________(need) repairing.
5.Either yu r ne f yur students_____ (be) t attend the meeting t be held tmrrw.
6.While mre peple have quit smking, signs prhibiting smking ____________(be) still a cmmn sight in restaurants and shpping centers.
7.The wrld's elderly ppulatin will exceed that f children by 2060, when each grup ________(expect) t accunt fr abut ne fifth f the ppulatin.
8.When writing an essay, we must make sentences that _____________(be) grammatically crrect.
9.Between the tw buildings __________(stand) a tall pine.
10.Mr. White alng with his tw sns ____________(be) fnd f ftball, and they ften g t watch ftball matches.
二、阅读理解
Students in Hunville High Schl in Australia are riding bikes ut f desire t fight against climate change, thrughly turning their schl building int an energy efficient ne.
It's paying-ff time, as they've helped save $44,000 in utility bills (水电费) since they started their energy-saving activities, but it's als inspiring yung peple in the cmmunity t take actin fr the planers future.
Fur hundred students in the schl are invlved in such a campaign, which recently wn the Zayed Future Energy Prize f $133,000, sme f which was used t renvate a building t serve as the Zayed Future Energy Hub. It is a clubhuse where 13 vlunteers learn and teach hw renewable energy can be applied t ur everyday lives.
Amng the large number f efficiency mdificatins (改造), they fixed slar panels n the rf, and replaced the ld windws with duble and triple nes. They added imprved energy efficient curtains. Nw, they even have special bikes that create electricity t ck fd, which in the case f a feature in ABC News Australia, were dughnuts.
The classrm was cld in the mrnings, hut the students wanted zer carbn emissins thrugh their healing. S they went ut and gt a pellet (颗粒) stve, and then if that wasn't enugh, they went ut and built a pellet mill t make their fuel frm waste sawdust(废锯末).
Althugh these activities dn't slw glbal climate change at nce, Nell Smith, the vlunteer teacher-head f the Hub knws the practical cntributin is exciting the minds f the next generatin.
"This little schl in the Hun Valley, is actually ding amazing things," Smith tld ABC. "It's raised awareness f renewable energy, energy efficiency, and pprtunities in the cmmunity fr engaging them in that srt f technlgy."
1. What des the authr mean by saying "paying-ff time" Paragraph 2?
A. The students earn much mney frm the activities.
B. The activities aruse the passin t help each ther.
C. The students have successfully inspired thers in sciety.
D. The students' effrts have prduced a gd result.
2. Why are energy efficient curtains mentined in Paragraph 4?
A. T reveal their beauty. B. T highlight their imprtance.
C. T shw the students are creative. D. T present the campaign against climate change.
3. What effect wuld these mdificatins have n ther teenagers?
A. Disturbing. B. Challenging. C. Encuraging. D. Rewarding.
4. What can we infer abut the schl accrding t the last paragraph?
A. It successfully recycles waste materials.
B. It becmes famus by fighting against climate change.
C. It sets a gd example in prtecting the planet.
D. It has dne many amazing things.
三、语法填空
"That is a sleeping dragn." Naplen, ①_____ was the future French emperr, nce said. "Let him sleep! If he wakes, he will shake the wrld." In 1803, he recgnized China's ptential. In charge ②_____the greatest military and ecnmic pwer f his day, Naplen had an eye fr ppnents. Nw, China's ttal dmestic prduct passed ③_____ f bth Britain and France. If Naplen arrived in Beijing tday, he wuld ④_____ (undubted) say, "I tld yu s."
Nwhere is China's influence mre apparent than Beijing. As China's ⑤_____ (plitics) and cultural center f China, Beijing ffers a quick lk int the natin's expansive histry and its rapid ⑥_____ (develp). Yu'll find preserved palaces spreading elbws with new subway statins and peaceful lamaseries(藏传佛教寺院) ⑦_____ (share) space with wrld-class stadiums. Many f the city's histrical sites, such as the Frbidden City and Tiananmen Square, ⑧_____ (be) well-knwn t the wrld. Yet, the mst ppular attractin ⑨_____ (lcate) utside Beijing: The Great Wall f China winds thrugh the hills nrth f the city. When yu witness this ⑩_____ (astnish) accmplishment f ancient China, yu t will sense the great ptential f this mdern cuntry.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：was
解析： the number f 修饰名词做主语，谓语用单数形式，又句中时间状语是last year，故该句用一般过去时，故填was。
2.答案：remains
解析：remain表示"依然；保持"，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且指的是现在的情况，要用一般现在时第三人称单数形式．故填 remains．
3.答案：bils
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:我的老师说水在100℃沸腾。分析句子结构可知,said后是省略了关系词的宾语从句,从句中的的主语"water"是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式;水在100℃沸腾是客观事实,应用一般现在时。 bil在句中意为"沸腾",是不及物动词,无被动用法。故填bils。
4.答案：need
解析：考查主谓一致。句意为:由于严重的洪水,这个地区三分之二的建筑物需要修复。主语"tw thirds f the buildings"表示复数概念,所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填need。
5.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意: 要么是你, 要么是你的一个学生要去参加明天举行的会议。连接两个主语, 按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。所以和ne f yur students一致, 谓语应用单数形式, 故填is。
6.答案：are
解析：句意:尽管更多的人已经戒烟了,餐馆和购物中心里禁止吸烟的标志依旧随处可见。根据语境可知,此处描述的是现在的客观情况,故应用一般现在时,且主句的主语为signs,故谓语动词应用复数形式。
7.答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:到2060年,全球老年人口(的数量)将超过儿童人口(的数量),届时预计每个群体(的数量)将占全球人口的五分之一左右。根据句意可知,此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;且主语"each grup"与动词expect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语"each grup"是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is expected。
8.答案：are
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:写文章的时候,我们必须造语法正确的句子。分析句子结构可知,that引导定语从句,指代先行词sentences且在从句中作主语,故此处应使用复数形式。
9.答案：stands
解析：考查主谓一致及完全倒装句。句意:两座建筑物之间耸立着一棵高大的松树。句中表示地点的状语Between the tw buildings置于句首时,句子用完全倒装句,其主语是a tall pine,故用动词的第三人称单数形式,即stands。
10.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。句意:White先生和他的两个儿子都喜欢足球,他们经常去看足球比赛。alng with连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与前面的主语保持一致;由第二个分句的时态可知,这里表客观事实,故填is。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 DDCC
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段"It's paying-ff time, as they've helped save $44,000 in utility bills(水电费) since they started their energy-saving activities ... fr the planet's future."及第一段可知,学生们骑自行车以对抗气候变化,把他们的学校建筑彻底变成节能环保的建筑,这一努力帮助节约了大量的水电费且激励了其他人参与环保行动,这说明学生们的努力带来了好的结果。故选D。
2.考查写作意图。根据第四段的内容可知,energy efficient curtains是学生们进行节能改造的一个例子,通过理解第四段首句"Amng the large number f efficiency mdificatins(改造)…"可知,提到energy efficient curtains是为了展示应对气候变化的具体的节能环保行动。故选D。
3.考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"…the practical cntributin is exciting the minds f the next generatin."和最后一段中的"It's raised awareness f renewable energy, energy efficiency, and pprtunities in the cmmunity fr engaging them in that srt f technlgy."可知,这所学校的学生们的环保行动激发了其他青少年的环保意识,是"鼓舞人心的"。故选C。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段Smith老师所说的话可知,这所学校的学生们做的事情提升了人们的节能环保意识,这种意识将会带动更多人参与环保行动。由此可知,这所学校在保护环境方面树立了良好的榜样。故选C。
三、语法填空
答案：①wh②f③that④undubtedly⑤plitical⑥develpment⑦sharing⑧are⑨is lcated⑩astnishing
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:未来法国的皇帝拿破仑曾经说过,分析句子结构可知,此处考查定语从句;从句缺少主语,先行词是Naplen,所以用指代人的关系代词;从句是非限制性定语从句。故填wh。
②考查介词。句意:由于掌握着当时最强大的军事和经济力量,拿破仑对对手有着敏锐的眼力。根据句意及空格前in charge,可知此处考查短语in charge f(负责)。故填f.
③考查代词,句意:现在,中国的国内生产总值超过了英国和法国,根据句意及句子结构,可知此处填代词,指代前面的名词China's ttal dmestic prduct,表示中国和英法之间的生产总值的比较,所以用可以指代同类异物的代词that。故填that。
④考查副词。句意:如果拿破仑今天来到北京,他肯定会说"我早告诉过你了。"根据句意及句子结构,可知此处要填副词用来修饰动词say。故填undubtedly.
⑤考查形容词。句意:作为中国的政治和文化中心,北京可以让人们快速了解这个国家广阔的历史和快速的发展。根据空格后并列连词及形容词cultural,可知此处填形容词修饰后面的名词center。故填plitical。
⑥考查名词。句意:作为中国的政治和文化中心,北京可以让人们快速了解这个国家广阔的历史和快速的发展。根据空格前its和形容词rapid,可知空格处填名词。故填develpment。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:你会发现保存完好的宫殿遍布着新的地铁站,宁静的喇嘛庙与世界级的体育场共享空间。分析句子结构可知,此处要填非谓语动词,在句中做定语修饰前面的名词lamaseries,其余所填词之间是主动关系。故填sharing。
⑧考查主谓一致。句意:这个城市的许多历史古迹,如紫禁城和天安门广场,都是世界闻名的。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词,主语是Many f the city's histrical sites(城市里的许多历史遗迹),故填are。
⑨考查时态和语态。句意:然而,最受欢迎的景点位于北京以外:中国的长城蜿蜒穿过北京北部的群山。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词;根据句意,可知此处考查动词短语be lcated(坐落);句子主语是the mst ppular attractin,所以用三单式。故填is lcated。
⑩考查形容词。句意:当你们目睹中国古代的惊人成就时,你们也会感受到这个现代国家的巨大潜力。根据句意及分析句子结构,可知此处要填形容词,修饰后面的名词accmplishment f ancient China。故填astnishing。
1.The number f expressins he learned last year ________ (be) n mre than 500.
2.Whether we can raise enugh mney t carry ut the prject ________(remain) t be discussed.
3.My teacher said water _________(bil) at 100℃.
4.As a result f the serius fld, tw thirds f the buildings in the area _________(need) repairing.
5.Either yu r ne f yur students_____ (be) t attend the meeting t be held tmrrw.
6.While mre peple have quit smking, signs prhibiting smking ____________(be) still a cmmn sight in restaurants and shpping centers.
7.The wrld's elderly ppulatin will exceed that f children by 2060, when each grup ________(expect) t accunt fr abut ne fifth f the ppulatin.
8.When writing an essay, we must make sentences that _____________(be) grammatically crrect.
9.Between the tw buildings __________(stand) a tall pine.
10.Mr. White alng with his tw sns ____________(be) fnd f ftball, and they ften g t watch ftball matches.
二、阅读理解
Students in Hunville High Schl in Australia are riding bikes ut f desire t fight against climate change, thrughly turning their schl building int an energy efficient ne.
It's paying-ff time, as they've helped save $44,000 in utility bills (水电费) since they started their energy-saving activities, but it's als inspiring yung peple in the cmmunity t take actin fr the planers future.
Fur hundred students in the schl are invlved in such a campaign, which recently wn the Zayed Future Energy Prize f $133,000, sme f which was used t renvate a building t serve as the Zayed Future Energy Hub. It is a clubhuse where 13 vlunteers learn and teach hw renewable energy can be applied t ur everyday lives.
Amng the large number f efficiency mdificatins (改造), they fixed slar panels n the rf, and replaced the ld windws with duble and triple nes. They added imprved energy efficient curtains. Nw, they even have special bikes that create electricity t ck fd, which in the case f a feature in ABC News Australia, were dughnuts.
The classrm was cld in the mrnings, hut the students wanted zer carbn emissins thrugh their healing. S they went ut and gt a pellet (颗粒) stve, and then if that wasn't enugh, they went ut and built a pellet mill t make their fuel frm waste sawdust(废锯末).
Althugh these activities dn't slw glbal climate change at nce, Nell Smith, the vlunteer teacher-head f the Hub knws the practical cntributin is exciting the minds f the next generatin.
"This little schl in the Hun Valley, is actually ding amazing things," Smith tld ABC. "It's raised awareness f renewable energy, energy efficiency, and pprtunities in the cmmunity fr engaging them in that srt f technlgy."
1. What des the authr mean by saying "paying-ff time" Paragraph 2?
A. The students earn much mney frm the activities.
B. The activities aruse the passin t help each ther.
C. The students have successfully inspired thers in sciety.
D. The students' effrts have prduced a gd result.
2. Why are energy efficient curtains mentined in Paragraph 4?
A. T reveal their beauty. B. T highlight their imprtance.
C. T shw the students are creative. D. T present the campaign against climate change.
3. What effect wuld these mdificatins have n ther teenagers?
A. Disturbing. B. Challenging. C. Encuraging. D. Rewarding.
4. What can we infer abut the schl accrding t the last paragraph?
A. It successfully recycles waste materials.
B. It becmes famus by fighting against climate change.
C. It sets a gd example in prtecting the planet.
D. It has dne many amazing things.
三、语法填空
"That is a sleeping dragn." Naplen, ①_____ was the future French emperr, nce said. "Let him sleep! If he wakes, he will shake the wrld." In 1803, he recgnized China's ptential. In charge ②_____the greatest military and ecnmic pwer f his day, Naplen had an eye fr ppnents. Nw, China's ttal dmestic prduct passed ③_____ f bth Britain and France. If Naplen arrived in Beijing tday, he wuld ④_____ (undubted) say, "I tld yu s."
Nwhere is China's influence mre apparent than Beijing. As China's ⑤_____ (plitics) and cultural center f China, Beijing ffers a quick lk int the natin's expansive histry and its rapid ⑥_____ (develp). Yu'll find preserved palaces spreading elbws with new subway statins and peaceful lamaseries(藏传佛教寺院) ⑦_____ (share) space with wrld-class stadiums. Many f the city's histrical sites, such as the Frbidden City and Tiananmen Square, ⑧_____ (be) well-knwn t the wrld. Yet, the mst ppular attractin ⑨_____ (lcate) utside Beijing: The Great Wall f China winds thrugh the hills nrth f the city. When yu witness this ⑩_____ (astnish) accmplishment f ancient China, yu t will sense the great ptential f this mdern cuntry.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：was
解析： the number f 修饰名词做主语，谓语用单数形式，又句中时间状语是last year，故该句用一般过去时，故填was。
2.答案：remains
解析：remain表示"依然；保持"，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且指的是现在的情况，要用一般现在时第三人称单数形式．故填 remains．
3.答案：bils
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:我的老师说水在100℃沸腾。分析句子结构可知,said后是省略了关系词的宾语从句,从句中的的主语"water"是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式;水在100℃沸腾是客观事实,应用一般现在时。 bil在句中意为"沸腾",是不及物动词,无被动用法。故填bils。
4.答案：need
解析：考查主谓一致。句意为:由于严重的洪水,这个地区三分之二的建筑物需要修复。主语"tw thirds f the buildings"表示复数概念,所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填need。
5.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致。句意: 要么是你, 要么是你的一个学生要去参加明天举行的会议。连接两个主语, 按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。所以和ne f yur students一致, 谓语应用单数形式, 故填is。
6.答案：are
解析：句意:尽管更多的人已经戒烟了,餐馆和购物中心里禁止吸烟的标志依旧随处可见。根据语境可知,此处描述的是现在的客观情况,故应用一般现在时,且主句的主语为signs,故谓语动词应用复数形式。
7.答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:到2060年,全球老年人口(的数量)将超过儿童人口(的数量),届时预计每个群体(的数量)将占全球人口的五分之一左右。根据句意可知,此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;且主语"each grup"与动词expect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语"each grup"是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is expected。
8.答案：are
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:写文章的时候,我们必须造语法正确的句子。分析句子结构可知,that引导定语从句,指代先行词sentences且在从句中作主语,故此处应使用复数形式。
9.答案：stands
解析：考查主谓一致及完全倒装句。句意:两座建筑物之间耸立着一棵高大的松树。句中表示地点的状语Between the tw buildings置于句首时,句子用完全倒装句,其主语是a tall pine,故用动词的第三人称单数形式,即stands。
10.答案：is
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。句意:White先生和他的两个儿子都喜欢足球,他们经常去看足球比赛。alng with连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与前面的主语保持一致;由第二个分句的时态可知,这里表客观事实,故填is。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 DDCC
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段"It's paying-ff time, as they've helped save $44,000 in utility bills(水电费) since they started their energy-saving activities ... fr the planet's future."及第一段可知,学生们骑自行车以对抗气候变化,把他们的学校建筑彻底变成节能环保的建筑,这一努力帮助节约了大量的水电费且激励了其他人参与环保行动,这说明学生们的努力带来了好的结果。故选D。
2.考查写作意图。根据第四段的内容可知,energy efficient curtains是学生们进行节能改造的一个例子,通过理解第四段首句"Amng the large number f efficiency mdificatins(改造)…"可知,提到energy efficient curtains是为了展示应对气候变化的具体的节能环保行动。故选D。
3.考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"…the practical cntributin is exciting the minds f the next generatin."和最后一段中的"It's raised awareness f renewable energy, energy efficiency, and pprtunities in the cmmunity fr engaging them in that srt f technlgy."可知,这所学校的学生们的环保行动激发了其他青少年的环保意识,是"鼓舞人心的"。故选C。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段Smith老师所说的话可知,这所学校的学生们做的事情提升了人们的节能环保意识,这种意识将会带动更多人参与环保行动。由此可知,这所学校在保护环境方面树立了良好的榜样。故选C。
三、语法填空
答案：①wh②f③that④undubtedly⑤plitical⑥develpment⑦sharing⑧are⑨is lcated⑩astnishing
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:未来法国的皇帝拿破仑曾经说过,分析句子结构可知,此处考查定语从句;从句缺少主语,先行词是Naplen,所以用指代人的关系代词;从句是非限制性定语从句。故填wh。
②考查介词。句意:由于掌握着当时最强大的军事和经济力量,拿破仑对对手有着敏锐的眼力。根据句意及空格前in charge,可知此处考查短语in charge f(负责)。故填f.
③考查代词,句意:现在,中国的国内生产总值超过了英国和法国,根据句意及句子结构,可知此处填代词,指代前面的名词China's ttal dmestic prduct,表示中国和英法之间的生产总值的比较,所以用可以指代同类异物的代词that。故填that。
④考查副词。句意:如果拿破仑今天来到北京,他肯定会说"我早告诉过你了。"根据句意及句子结构,可知此处要填副词用来修饰动词say。故填undubtedly.
⑤考查形容词。句意:作为中国的政治和文化中心,北京可以让人们快速了解这个国家广阔的历史和快速的发展。根据空格后并列连词及形容词cultural,可知此处填形容词修饰后面的名词center。故填plitical。
⑥考查名词。句意:作为中国的政治和文化中心,北京可以让人们快速了解这个国家广阔的历史和快速的发展。根据空格前its和形容词rapid,可知空格处填名词。故填develpment。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:你会发现保存完好的宫殿遍布着新的地铁站,宁静的喇嘛庙与世界级的体育场共享空间。分析句子结构可知,此处要填非谓语动词,在句中做定语修饰前面的名词lamaseries,其余所填词之间是主动关系。故填sharing。
⑧考查主谓一致。句意:这个城市的许多历史古迹,如紫禁城和天安门广场,都是世界闻名的。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词,主语是Many f the city's histrical sites(城市里的许多历史遗迹),故填are。
⑨考查时态和语态。句意:然而,最受欢迎的景点位于北京以外:中国的长城蜿蜒穿过北京北部的群山。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词;根据句意,可知此处考查动词短语be lcated(坐落);句子主语是the mst ppular attractin,所以用三单式。故填is lcated。
⑩考查形容词。句意:当你们目睹中国古代的惊人成就时,你们也会感受到这个现代国家的巨大潜力。根据句意及分析句子结构,可知此处要填形容词,修饰后面的名词accmplishment f ancient China。故填astnishing。
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