2022-2023学年广东省珠海市实验中学高二上学期第一次段考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省珠海市实验中学高二上学期第一次段考英语试题（解析版），共24页。

 2022～2023学年第一学期第一次段考
高二年级英语试题
满分：120分 考试时间：120分钟
第I卷(共80分)
第一部分 单项选择(共15小题;每题1分, 满分15分)
从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. One day, when I opened my book, I found a beautiful card ________to the first page.
A. attached B. attaching C. attaches D. to attach
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一天，当我打开书的时候，我发现第一页附有一张漂亮的卡片。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词card 与attach之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故选A。
2. The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free.
A. should do, should be B. had done, should be
C. had done, had been D. should do, had been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】i考查insist的用法。句意：那个在监狱里的人坚持说他没有做错什么，应该被释放。第一空，insist作“坚持认为、坚持说 ”讲后接宾语从句要用陈述语序；第二空，insist作“坚持要求”讲后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+ do。故选B。
3. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running，________meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that
C. as D. which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家电影院的老板需要做很多改进，雇佣更多的人来维持运营，这意味着要花费数万英镑。which此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，which在从句中充当主语。故选D项。
4. The problems ________at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve.
A. discuss B. discussing C. to be discussed D. to discuss
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天会上要讨论的问题真的很难解决。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，由tomorrow可知，空格处用不定式表将来，问题是被解决，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态，即to be done，作后置定语，故选C。
5. ________from his accent, he must be from the south.
A. Judged B. Judging C. To judge D. Judges
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：从他的口音来看，他一定是南方人。固定短语judging from/by意为“依据某事（所见，所闻或所学）来判断”，常置于句首作状语。故选B。
6. — When can I see you, Mr. Black? Three o'clock this afternoon?
— Oh, no. I ________ a meeting then.
A. had B. have C. have had D. will be having
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我什么时候能见到你，布莱克先生？今天下午三点？——哦，不，那时我正在开会。根据“Three o'clock this afternoon?”可知，此处是指将来某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故选D。
7. He hurried to the railway station, only ________the train had left.
A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。此处用动词不定式作结果状语，“only+动词不定式”常表示出乎预料的结果。故选A。
8. They have told you to switch ________the lights when you leave the room.
A. off B. away C. on D. to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们告诉你离开房间时要关灯。A.off 离开（某处），被取消；关掉；B.away距离……有多远；C.on开着地；D.to关着，关闭。switch off（用开关）关掉；切断（电源）。根据故“when you leave the room(你离开房间时)”可知，离开房间时，应该关灯。选A。
9. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _______ are women.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们工厂有2000名工人，其中三分之二是妇女。分析句子结构，这里含有一个介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2,000 workers，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which；指人，只能用whom，这里指人，用whom引导该定语从句，故选C。
10. My wife ________ on the night shift when my plane ________. That’s why no one is to meet me at the airport today.
A. was working; arrived B. will be working; arrives
C. will have worked; has arrived D. is working; is arriving
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意： 我的飞机到达时，我妻子将上夜班。这就是为什么今天没有人到机场接我。A. was working 正在工作（过去进行时态）; arrived 到达（arrive的过去式或过去分词）； B.will be working 正在工作（将来进行时态）; arrives 到达（arrive的第三人称单数）；C. will have worked 工作（将来完成时态）; has arrived 到达（现在完成时态）；D. is working 正在工作（现在进行时态）; is arriving 到达（现在进行时态）。根据“why no one is to meet me at the airport today”可知，妻子在今天我的航班到达时正在上夜班，所以没法接机。主句的时态为将来进行时态，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，时间状语从句的主语为my plane ，所以要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
11. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ________her job as a doctor in the countryside.
A. took on B. took up C. took in D. took off
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一所医学院学习了五年后，简开始在农村当医生。A. took on呈现；B. took up从事；C. took in欺骗；D. took off起飞。根据空后her job as a doctor可知，此处表示“从事医生这份职业”。故选B项。
12. Your lights will come on ________you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already ________for you.
A. the moment; had been prepared B. instantly; preparing
C. the instant; prepared D. Immediate; has been prepared
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：你一进门，灯就会亮起来，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。the moment/the instant/instantly一……就……，引导时间状语从句。第二空句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。动词 find后宾语your dinner之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。
13. I strongly suggest that you should commit yourself to ________English for one hour, ________will gradually improve your spoken English.
A. read; that B. read; which C. reading; what D. reading; which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：我强烈建议你坚持读一小时英语，这将逐渐提高你的英语口语。第一空是固定搭配commit oneself to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，应用动词名词作宾语；第二空是非限定性定语从句，先行词是前面主句陈述的内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。

14. ________is widely ________that computer and other machines have become a vital part of our society.
A. As; acknowledging B. What; acknowledged
C. It; acknowledged D. Where; acknowledging
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：众所周知，电脑和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。根据句意可知，第二空为形容词acknowledged“公认的”，作表语；因此that引导的从句为主语从句，说明周所周知的内容，即本句为it作形式主语的结构，即第一空为it。故选C项。
15. ________in the dark, his head hit against a tree.
A. Walking B. He was walking C. Walked D. When he was walking
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在森林中行走时，他的头撞上了一棵树。主句的主语是his head，从句的的逻辑主语是he，所以无法直接用现在分词作非谓语充当状语，而是完整的时间状语从句，故选D。
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每题2. 5分, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
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16. Reading Reader’s Digest, you will find some articles about.
A. tips for earning money B. latest healthcare report
C. response to world events D. rich people’s life ideas
17. What is the annual fee for subscription if readers book now?
A. $48. B. $40.
C. $38.4. D. $32.
18. What are you sure to get if you subscribe to Reader’s Digest?
A. Refund for lost issues. B. Renewal free of charge.
C. Authorized renewal service. D. All the past digital issues.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文，是为吸引读者订阅Reader’s Digest杂志所做的广告。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Up-to-date news that touches your life”部分第一句“From money-saving tips and quick reports on the latest in healthcare, to inspiring articles on world events, you’ll discover hundreds of ideas for living a richer, more satisfying life.”(从省钱小贴士和最新医疗保健的快速报告，到关于世界大事的鼓舞人心的文章，你会发现数以百计的让生活更丰富更满意的想法。)可知，阅读Reader’s Digest，你会发现一些关于最新医疗报告的文章。故选B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The cover price of Reader’s Digest is $4 per issue and it is currently published 10 times annually.”(Reader’s Digest的封面价为每期4美元，目前每年出版10次。)和标题中“Get up to 20% off the cover price”(最高可在封面价格上打八折)可知，如果读者现在订购，全年的订阅费用为4×10×80%=32美元。故选D。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Continuous renewal service”部分第二句和第三句“You will receive a clearly marked renewal notice before your subscription is renewed and your account is charged. You can also authorize us to charge your credit/debit card at the discounted rate on the renewal service unless you cancel.”(在您的订阅续费和您的帐户收费之前，您将收到一份明确标记的续费通知。您也可以授权我们按续费服务的折扣率向您的信用卡/借记卡收费，除非您取消。)可知，如果你订阅Reader’s Digest，你一定会得到授权续期服务。故选C。
B
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
19. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
20. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend’s invitation.
21. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?
A. It could be a home for her. B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
22. What is the text mainly about?
A. A childhood dream. B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world. D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
【答案】19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了71岁的Ginni Bazlinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。
【19题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.(在奇切斯特大学获得相关艺术学位后，Ginni开始周游世界，最终在日本和智利找到了教英语的工作。)”可知，此处是指做有挑战性的事情，所以take the plunge意为“尝试有挑战性的事情”。故选A。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tiera del Fuego. (正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. (意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Ginni Bazlinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“These gentle lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. (这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行)”和倒数第二段Ginni Bazlinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了Ginni Bazlinton的南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，An unforgettable experience. (一次难忘的经历) 能够概括文章主旨。故选B。
【点睛】

C
After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.
Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.
Every four-square-meter room is equipped with a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. There’s no shower or washbasin.
Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit (保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes.
The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijng-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan, Yicai Global reports. The idea of the shared fitness experience is not entirely nascent. Last December, the Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.
The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident investors are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP.
23. What makes the shared gym room different from the common one?
A. Offering open spaces.
B. Standing in the living zone.
C. Holding one person a time.
D. Having some advanced equipment.
24. What do people need to do to use the shared gym room?
A. Use a smartphone.
B. Pay 100 yuan first.
C. Let down curtains for privacy.
D. Have a shower before exercise.
25. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A Misspao is the first to have the idea of the shared fitness experience.
B. VRUN set up shared gym rooms last December.
C. The total value of China’s sharing economy has grown by 40%.
D. Some investors are confident in the sharing economy.
26. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To introduce shared gym rooms.
B. To advertise a technology company.
C. To support the shared gym rooms.
D. To predict the future of shared gym rooms.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了新兴产业：共享健身房，以及共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程等。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.（与普通健身房不同的是，新建的共享健身房是供个人使用的小型独立房间，通常设置在生活社区附近。）”可知，共享健身房和普通健身房的不同之处在于，共享健身房每次只容纳一个人。故选C项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit (保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes.（与共享单车类似，用户可以通过智能手机应用程序定位共享健身房，提前预订房间，然后需要扫描二维码才能使用。用户需缴纳99元可退还的押金，每分钟收费1元．）”可知，需要智能手机才能使用APP扫码，故想要使用共享健身房的用户需要一部智能手机。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段一二句“The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident investors are pouring millions into sharing start-ups.（共享经济在中国仍在流行。据亿财环球报道，信心十足的投资者们正在向共享初创企业投资数百万美元。）”可知，对于这一共享经济模式，投资者们很有信心。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题．根据第一段“After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.（在自行车和雨伞在中国被共享之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，因此共享健身房开始在北京的街道上出现。）”可知，文章由第一段的话题引出共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍共享健身房。故选A项。
D
SYDNEY —Australian scientists have designed a system which uses microwaves to break down plastic into an environmentally friendly by-product.
Head of Electrical Engineering at Australia’s James Cook University, Prof. Mohan Jacob revealed on Thursday that by using microwaves, plastic waste can be converted into biochar(生物炭), charcoal that can be used as a soil conditioner.
“We are developing a processing room which could process many kinds of plastic materials, up to 5 kilograms of waste,” Jacob said. “It will be a typical example system for the development of biochars from different types of plastics under various conditions.” Jacob explained that microwave energy is used to heat the plastic waste above 600 degrees centigrade within the custom-made room, where it ends up as a biochar, which can then be used to improve the properties of soil.
Currently underway is step one of the project, testing the room, after which, step two will involve improving the energy efficiency of the system and maximizing the yield of by-products. If all goes to plan, step three will be to construct a medium scale waste processing system which is customizable and can be installed remotely.
Jacob said that with the average person using 130 kg of plastic every year, there is an urgent need for developing better ways of processing it.
“Perhaps contrary to popular opinion, plastic is an indispensable material in modern life. It is cheap, competent, lightweight, and has many benefits like maintaining food quality and safety and preventing waste,” he said.
However, “abandoned plastics endanger our marine wildlife, and have begun to enter the food chain. There is an urgent need for developing technologies to recover plastic waste.”
27. How does the system function?
A. Microwaves are used to produce plastic.
B. Plastic waste is heated in the microwaves.
C. Plastic waste is cut into pieces and buried into the soil.
D. Microwaves change plastic waste into biochar by heating.
28. Which statement is true according to Jacob?
A. Plastic consumption now is acceptable.
B. Plastic should be abandoned in our life.
C. The system of processing plastic has come into use.
D. Finding better ways to deal with plastic waste is urgent.
29. What does “recover” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Make up for a loss in time.
B. Find or regain lost possession.
C. Extract or recycle an energy source for reuse.
D. Return to a normal state of health, mind or strength.
30. What does the passage mainly tell about?
A. 3 steps of processing plastic waste.
B. A way of producing plastic products easily.
C. A new system of breaking down plastic waste.
D. A program designed for plastic use in the daily life.
【答案】27. D 28. D 29. C 30. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是澳大利亚的科学家通过微波将塑料变成可利用的产品，从而减少环境污染。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“by using microwaves, plastic waste can be converted into biochar”可知，通过使用微波，塑料垃圾可以被转化为生物炭。选项AC在文中没有提到，选项B虽然提到了微波，但heated加热在文中也没提到。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“abandoned plastics endanger our marine wildlife, and have begun to enter the food chain. There is an urgent need for developing technologies to recover plastic waste.”可知，废弃塑料破坏了海洋生物并进入到了食物链。发展可以处理塑料垃圾技术的需求变得急迫。故选D。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文可知，科学家通过微波提取了塑料的副产品，使塑料得到了再利用。A．及时弥补损失；B．找到或重新得到失去的东西；C．提取或再利用一种能源；D．将健康、思想和身体返回到正常水平。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“a system which uses microwaves to break down plastic”可知，文中介绍了一种使用微波降解塑料的系统。在其后几段中，分别介绍了该系统的进展、实验步骤以及科学家对塑料回收的态度。故选C。
【点睛】做主旨大意题，要重点关注文章的首段末段，以及各段首句末句。一般总结性的话会出现在这些地方。例如第四题，从第一段“a system which uses microwaves to break down plastic”就能大概知道本文具体内容。从第三段首句“We are developing a processing room, which could process many kinds of plastic materials,”第四段首句“Currently underway is step one of the project, testing the room, after which, step two...”第六段首句“Perhaps contrary to popular opinion”可知，全篇都是对第一段的具体展开说明。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Will there be an outbreak of bird flu that threatens human? Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic (流行病) will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate (变异), leading to widespread infection. ____31____Here’s what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.
Stock up on food, water and household supplies. If there is a bird flu pandemic, you’ll want to minimize your chance of catching it by staying indoors; you might even be required to stay home if the government asks that people remain in quarantine (隔离期). You’d better stock up today on at least two weeks’ essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies. ____32____
Have an outbreak plan. It may feel odd or uncomfortable to talk to family members and loved ones about the worst case-a pandemic case. But when that case strikes, you’ll all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready. ____33____Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those in need of special care.
____34____ Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting enough rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the common cold. Particularly in a flu outbreak situation, it will be important to wash our hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Be diligent about covering coughs and sneezes with tissues.
Moreover, know your essential health information such as blood type, allergies, and past or current medical conditions. Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family. ____35____ And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.
A. Pick up the good habits.
B. Work out regularly to stay slim.
C. It is wise to keep it somewhere safe and visible.
D. Talk with your friends and family about how you’d respond to an epidemic.
E. It’s important to ask yourself these questions before a pandemie occurs.
F. That will help you get through an extended time at home if there is an outbreak.
G. In that case, the best thing you can do right now is to prepare for that possibility.
【答案】31. G 32. F 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者就如何做好计划预防传染病的感染提出了一些建议。
【31题详解】
上文“Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic (大流行病) will occur，but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate (变异)，leading to widespread infection．（许多专家对人类大流行何时或是否会发生意见不一，但确实表示，病毒有可能发生变异，导致广泛感染。）”可知，专家认为可能会变异，导致广泛感染。故选项G“In that case, the best thing you can do right now is to prepare for that possibility.（在这种情况下，您现在最好的办法就是为这种可能性做准备。）”建议读者做好准备预防感染，符合语境。故选G项。
【32题详解】
根据上文“You’d better stock up today on at least two weeks’ essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.（今天你最好储备至少两周的必需品，如水、食物、急救和医疗用品。）”可知，此处建议读者做好储备工作；选项F“That will help you get through an extended time at home if there is an outbreak.（如果爆发的话，这将帮助您延长在家的时间。）”与上文过渡自然，符合语境。故选F项。
【33题详解】
上文“Have an outbreak plan.（就应对爆发，做一个计划。）”表明本段旨在建议读者提前做应对计划。下文“Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those in need of special care.（弄清楚你会如何照顾他们，你的第一反应和责任是什么；这是与需要特别照顾的人进行的一次特别重要的谈话。）”指出计划内容包含和家人朋友进行一次谈话。而选项D“Talk with your friends and family about how you’d respond to an epidemic.（与您的朋友和家人讨论您如何应对这种流行病。）”则也指出与家人朋友讨论这一流行病，与前后文联系紧密。故选D项。
【34题详解】
下文“Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting enough rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the common cold.（保持均衡的饮食、定期锻炼和充足的休息可以帮助你在疾病爆发时保持健康，也可以防止你患上普通感冒。）”可知，此处建议读者保持均衡饮食，定期锻炼，充足休息等健康的生活习惯促进身体健康。选项A“Pick up the good habits.（养成好习惯。）”则笼统概述养成好习惯，下文的具体习惯则是分述，前后联系密切。故选A项。
【35题详解】
上文“Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family（为你所有家庭成员列出一份重要信息清单。）”可知此处建议读者做一个重要信息清单。下文“And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.（并确保您家中的每个人都知道在哪里可以找到它）”仍然在讨论这一份信息清单。选项C“It is wise to keep it somewhere safe and visible.（将其放置在安全可见的地方是明智的。）”同样讨论该清单放置的地方，与上下文联系紧密。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Today I’m a member of the UN Global Education First Initiative Youth Advocacy Group. It all ____36____ when I was in secondary school. I joined a UNESCO club, a(n)____37____ that brings students together to discuss school matters and the pressing(紧迫的)things ____38____ them.
After secondary school, I volunteered with non-governmental organizations. It was then that I began to ____39____ a lot about community development. I participated in projects as to peace and environment. ____40____ the development of my community was a great pleasure for me.
I met many____41____ as some people took volunteer work lightly. They felt it ____42____ time, or thought working without a salary was ____43____. Even some friends and relatives tried to persuade me to ____44____volunteering. All of these got me to feel very ______45______ to some extent, but I could not give up ______46______ it was an extremely worthwhile cause. I decided not to pay attention to their ______47______but to concentrate on my work. One day, a group of young people came to me and said they were all ______48______ for the changes I had brought into their lives. I was so happy and realized when______49______our own judgment, we could make a ______50______.
36. A. paused B. continued C. started D. worked
37. A. opportunity B. platform C. stage D. company
38. A. exciting B. concerning C. judging D. commanding
39. A. require B. argue C. appreciate D. watch
40. A. Committing to B. Adapting to C. Switching to D. Taking to
41. A. conditions B. opinions C. praises D. difficulties
42 A. spent B. saved C. killed D. wasted
43. A. meaningless B. careless C. priceless D. selfless
44. A. change B. quit C. consider D. value
45. A. determined B. scared C. discouraged D. shocked
46. A. as if B. even if C. unless D. because
47. A. behavior B. advice C. image D. performance
48. A. grateful B. eager C. famous D. ready
49. A. setting aside B. turning down C. insisting on D. figuring out
50. A. decision B. fortune C. living D. difference
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者志愿活动经历和感悟。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切要从我上中学的时候说起。A. paused暂停；B. continued继续；C. started开始；D. worked工作。根据“Today I’m a member of the UN Global Education First Initiative Youth Advocacy Group.”和“when I was in secondary school.”可知，作者的志愿者活动开始于中学时期。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我加入了一个联合国教科文组织俱乐部，这是一个让学生们聚在一起讨论学校事务和与他们有关的紧迫问题的平台。A. opportunity机会；B. platform平台；C. stage舞台；D. company公司。根据“that brings students together to discuss school matters and the pressing(紧迫的)things ____3____ them.”可知，联合国教科文组织俱乐部是一个讨论平台。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词或形容词或介词词义辨析。句意：我加入了一个联合国教科文组织俱乐部，这是一个让学生们聚在一起讨论学校事务和与他们有关的紧迫问题的平台。A. exciting令人激动的；B. concerning与……有关；C. judging判断；D. commanding命令。本句中them指代students，此处表示“与学生们相关的事务”，用concerning。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，关于社区的发展我开始重视了很多。 A. require要求；B. argue争论；C. appreciate感激；重视；D. watch观看。根据“After secondary school, I volunteered with non-governmental organizations.”可知，参加非政府组织志愿活动让作者开始重视社区的发展。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：致力于社区的发展对我来说是一种巨大的乐趣。A. Committing to致力于；B. Adapting to适应；C. Switching to转变；D. Taking to开始，从事。根据“I participated in projects as to peace and environment.”可知，作者致力于社区发展，认为这是一件愉快的事情。故选A。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了很多困难，因为有些人轻视志愿工作。A. conditions条件；B. opinions观点；C. praises赞扬；D. difficulties困难。根据“as some people took volunteer work lightly.”可知，人们不重视志愿活动，作者遇到了很多困难。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们觉得这是浪费时间，或者认为没有工资的工作是没有意义的。A. spent花费；B. saved节省；C. killed消磨；D. wasted浪费。根据“as some people took volunteer work lightly.”可知，一些人认为做志愿工作是浪费时间。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们觉得这是浪费时间，或者认为没有工资的工作是没有意义的。A. meaningless无意义的；B. careless粗心的；C. priceless无价的；D. selfless自私的。根据“or thought working without a salary”可知，一些人认为工作没有薪水是无意义的。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至一些朋友和亲戚都劝我放弃做志愿者。A. change改变；B. quit放弃；C. consider考虑；D. value珍惜。根据“I met many____6____ as some people took volunteer work lightly. They felt it ____7____ time, or thought working without a salary was ____8____.”可知，甚至有一些朋友和亲戚劝说作者放弃志愿者工作。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有这些都让我在某种程度上感到非常气馁，但我不能放弃，因为这是一个非常值得的事业。A. determined有决心的；B. scared害怕的；C. discouraged沮丧的；D. shocked震惊的。根据“Even some friends and relatives tried to persuade me to ____9____volunteering.”可知，作者的朋友亲戚劝说作者不要做志愿者，让作者感到很沮丧。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：所有这些都让我在某种程度上感到非常气馁，但我不能放弃，因为这是一个非常值得的事业。A. as if好像；B. even if即使；C. unless除非；D. because因为。根据“it was an extremely worthwhile cause.”和“but I could not give up”可知，空格后为空格前的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定不理会他们的建议，而是专心工作。A. behavior行为；B. advice建议；C. image形象；D. performance表现。根据“but to concentrate on my work.”可知，作者不听其他人的建议，而是一心工作。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，一群年轻人来找我说，他们都很感激我给他们的生活带来的改变。A. grateful感激的；B. eager渴望的；C. famous出名的；D. ready准备好的。根据“I was so happy and realized when_____14_____our own judgment,”可知，作者通过同伴教育给他们的生活带来了改变，这群年轻人是感激的。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我很高兴，意识到当我们坚持自己的判断时，我们可以有所作为。A. setting aside留出；B. turning down拒绝；C. insisting on坚持；D. figuring out想出。根据“we could make a _____15_____.”及前文可知，作者始终坚持自己的判断。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴，意识到当我们坚持自己的判断时，我们可以有所作为。A. decision决定；B. fortune运气；C. living生活；D. difference不同。根据“I was so happy and realized when_____14_____our own judgment,”可知，因为作者的坚持，就可以有所作为。故选D。
第II卷(共40分)
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emotional eating is that people use food as a way to deal with feelings. In other words, eating ____51____ (use) by some people as a way to express as a way to express their emotions. We’ve all been there, finishing a whole bag of chips out of boredom or eating cookie after cookie while ____52____ (study) hard for a big test.
Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings. However, understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps ____53____ (change) it. One of the ____54____ (big) arguments about emotional eating is that it is caused by negative feelings. People often turn to food ____55____ they’re lonely, sad, bored or stressed out. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert ____56____ Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast.
Emotional eating ____57____ (pattern) can be learned. A child who is given candy after a big ____58____ (achieve) may grow up regarding candy as ____59____ reward for a job well done. A kid who is given cookies as a way to stop crying may learn to link cookies with comfort _____60_____ (easy).
【答案】51. is used
52. studying
53. to change
54. biggest
55. when 56. on
57 patterns
58. achievement
59. a 60. easily
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了情绪化进食。情绪化进食就是人们用食物来处理情绪的方法。它与积极和消极的情绪都有关系，当人们孤独、难过、无聊或者压力大的时候，他们经常转向食物，在情人节或庆祝节日的时候喜欢分享甜点。情绪化进食模式是可以被学习的。
【51题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：换句话说，吃被一些人用作一种表达他们情绪的方式。分析句子可知，use是谓语动词，主语eating与use之间是被动关系，表述现在的情况用一般现在时，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填is used。
【52题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：我们都那样过，当努力学习准备大测试的时候，因为无聊而吃完了一整袋薯片，或者吃了一块又一块饼干。此处是状语从句的省略，主从句主语一致，study与逻辑主语we是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填studying。
【53题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，了解什么驱动情绪化进食可以帮助人们采取措施改变它。分析句子可知，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to change。
【54题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：关于情绪化饮食的最大的争论之一是，它是由负面情绪引起的。“One of+ the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构“最……之一”，根据句意，故填 biggest。
【55题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当人们孤独、难过、无聊或者压力大的时候，他们经常求助于食物。分析句子可知，前后句之间需要连词，根据句意，此处用when引导时间状语从句，故填 when。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：但情绪化的饮食也可以与积极的感觉联系起来，比如在情人节分享甜点或节日盛宴的庆祝。具体到某一天用介词on。故填on。
【57题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：情绪化进食模式是可以被学习的。分析句子可知，pattern作主语，用名词形式，且为可数名词，根据句意，用复数，故填patterns。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：一个在取得重大成就后得到糖果的孩子长大后可能会把糖果作为做好工作的奖励。形容词修饰名词，作介词after的宾语，不定冠词修饰单数可数名词，故填achievement。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一个在取得重大成就后得到糖果的孩子长大后可能会把糖果作为做好工作的奖励。reward“奖赏’是可数名词，根据句意，此处表示泛指，且reward第一个音素是辅音，故前面用不定冠词a，故填a。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：一个得到饼干作为停止哭泣的孩子或许很容易就学会把饼干和舒适联系起来。用副词修饰动词link，故填 easily。
第四部分 单词拼写(共10小题;每题1分, 满分10分)
根据下列句子的中文意思填写单词。
61. As working from home becomes increasingly common, people are finding it easier to________(结合) parenthood with a full-time career. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】combine
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现将为人父母与全职工作结合起来更加容易。find it easy to do是固定短语，意为“发现做某事容易”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，因此空格处用动词原形，“结合”的动词是combine。故填combine。
62. Alice put her heart into her study last term, and________(结果), she made great progress in the end-of-term examination. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】consequently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：爱丽丝上学期学习很认真，因此，她在期末考试中取得了很大的进步。根据句意和所给汉语提示分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个副词作状语，且意义为“结果，因此”，所以应该用副词consequently。故填consequently。
63. This school cares about students’ morality more than their________(学业的) studies. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】academic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这所学校关心学生的道德胜过关心他们的学业。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词academic，修饰名词studies，作定语。故填academic。

64. Much to their disappointment, he was________(击败) by his competitors. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】defeated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：令他们非常失望的是，他被他的竞争者击败了。根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处使用动词defeat，与主语he之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，空处填写过去分词，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填defeated。
65. ________(创立) in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the world. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】Founded
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：哈佛大学成立于1636年，是世界上最著名的大学之一。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词found；分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和句子的主语之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填Founded。
66. One reason for her________(偏好)for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】preference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她喜欢城市生活的一个原因是，她可以很方便地到达商店和餐馆等地方。根据句意和所给汉语提示分以及空格前的介词for分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作介词for的宾语，且意义为“偏好”，所以应该用名词preference，preference一词多用作不可数名词；此外，此处指的是一种偏好，所以用单数形式。故填preference。
67. We’re firmly________(反对) to the practice of power polities between nations. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】opposed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们坚决反对国家间强权政治的实践。分析句意可知，此处因使用形容词opposed“反对的”作表语，构成be opposed to sth. 表示“反对……”。故填opposed。
68. The teacher demanded an explanation for his________(缺席) from class. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】absence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：老师要求他解释缺课的原因。根据汉语提示及空前his可知，此处使用名词absence，不可数，作介词for的宾语。故填absence。
69. The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more________(高效地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】 efficiently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这个计划的目的是激发员工更高效地工作。根据汉语提示可知，efficiently高效地，副词作状语修饰动词work，符合题意。故填efficiently。
70. The speaker________(强调)his words with vigorous gestures. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】emphasized
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：演讲者用有力的手势强调了他的话。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词emphasize“强调”，在句中作谓语。句子为一般过去时态，所以空处用过去式。故填emphasized。
第五部分 应用文写作(满分15分)
71. 最近你班举行了一次辩论, 辩论的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容给校报写一篇文章, 介绍同学们辩论的情况并表达你的观点。
赞同的理由

反对的理由
你的观点

1. 获得新知识：
2. 从太空取得新资源;
3. 扩大人类未来的生存空间。
1. 耗资巨大：
2. 宇航员的安全问题。

. . . . . .

注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头已给出, 不计入总词数。
Outer Space Exploration: YES or NO?
We had a debate over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space exploration recently.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
We have had a discussion on whether it’s necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting recently. Some of us think it is important to research outer space. First people can get a better understanding of outer space through their explorations. Second new resources can be found there for humans to use. Third. these explorations may possibly help to find new living space for human beings.
However, others don’t think so. They say this kind of exploration costs too much money. And it's very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
I think people should do such exploration into outer space and they are worth trying out.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生针对“太空探险的意义”这样一个主题，结合下表内容给校报写一篇文章, 介绍同学们辩论的情况并表达自己的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
进行：had→conducted
必须的：necessary → compulsory
重要的：important→significant
帮助：help→ assist
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：However, others don’t think so. They say this kind of exploration costs too much money.
拓展句：However, others who say this kind of exploration costs too much money don’t think so.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We have had a discussion on whether it’s necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting recently. （运用了whether引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Some of us think it is important to research outer space.（运用了省略的that引导的宾语从句）