2022-2023学年山东省青岛第二中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

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青岛二中2022—2023学年第一学期期中考试—高二试题(英语)
(试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
听力部分
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the girl going to do this weekend?
A. Go on a field trip. B. Collect empty bottles. C. Buy uniforms.
2. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Try a different website.
B. Sign up to be a member.
C. Choose movies at home on TV.
3. Why has the woman moved the boy?
A. He has trouble in listening
B. He can’t see clearly
C. He talks too much
4. How often does the man work out now?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every other day.
5. Who is the woman probably speaking to?
A. Her good friend. B. Her doctor. C. Her personal trainer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who will be the audience for the man’s presentation?
A. His tutor. B. Senior students. C. Freshmen.
7. Where is the presentation going to be held?
A. In the school library.
B. In the school theatre.
C. In the Students’ Union.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When is the garbage can emptied usually?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
9. Where was the announcement posted?
A. On a website. B. On the newspaper. C. On a notice board.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When was the fridge bought approximately?
A. 9 years ago. B. 10 years ago. C. 11 years ago.
11. What’s wrong with the fridge?
A. It’s too noisy. B. It stops working. C. It costs too much.
12. What was the matter with the door of the fridge?
A. It fell down. B. It didn’t stay shut. C. It couldn’t be opened
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13 What job does the girl decide to take?
A. Receptionist. B. Manager Assistant. C. Office assistant.
14. What’s the duty of the job?
A. Answering phone calls.
B. Making phone calls
C. Talking face to face.
15. What’s the time of the interview?
A.10:30a.m. Friday. B.10:30 a.m. Thursday. C.11:30a.m. Friday.
16. Where does this conversation take place?
A. Over the phone. B. On social media. C. In the office.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the speaker buy his ticket?
A. Three months in advance.
B. Five to ten days in advance
C. Three weeks in advance.
18. How much does a guide generally pay for a plane ticket?
A. One quarter of the regular fare.
B. Half of the regular fare.
C. Two-thirds of the regular fare.
19. Where can senior and youth passes be used?
A. In India. B. In Europe. C. In Japan.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. How to buy train tickets.
B. How to travel on a plane.
C. How to travel for less.
笔试部分
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Books of 2020
On Monday, the American Library Association announced the top children’s books of 2020. Here are the winners.
Devotion
Author Clare Vanderpool took home the John Newbery Medal for outstanding contribution to children’s literature for Moon over Manifest. The book is about a young girl’s magical adventures in a small Kansas town, in 1936.
Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won. “You grow up reading legendary authors like Madeleine L’Engle, but I never expected to be put in a category with her,” Vanderpool told TFK, “It’s fabulous”.
Picture This
The picture book A Sick Day for Amos McGee won the Randolph Caldecott Medal. The book was illustrated by Ein E. Stead and written by her husband, Philip C. Stead. It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.
“I love drawing animals and I love drawing people and I love drawing the emotional connection between animals and people,” said Stead.
More Honored Books
The Coretta Scott King award, given to an African-American author and illustrator of “outstanding books for children and young adults”, went to Rita Williams-Garcia for One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California, and later learn much about family, their country and themselves.
The king prize for best-illustrated work went to Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave. The book, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Collier, tells the story of a skilled potter who engraved his poems on the clay pots and jars that he made. The enslaved potter, known only as Dave, lived in South Carolina in the 1800s.
1. When she heard the news that she won the medal Vanderpool felt .
A. depressed B. annoyed C. amused D. astonished
2. We can infer from the passage that probably One Crazy Summer is mainly about .
A. a frighting experience B. children’s growth
C. an adventurous journey D. social problems
3. From the passage, we can infer that .
A. The book Moon over Manifest tells a story of a zookeeper and his animals.
B. The book A Sick Day for Amos McGee is written by Erin, a famous woman writer.
C. A Sick Day for Amos McGee shows us that animals can interact with humans.
D. One Cray Summer is about a mother with her three children having a holiday in California.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国2020年最畅销的儿童图书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Devotion中的“Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won.(Vanderpool说，得知自己获奖时她很震惊。)”可知，当Vanderpool听到她获得奖牌的消息时，她很吃惊。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据More Honored Books中的“The Coretta Scott King award, given to an African-American author and illustrator of ‘outstanding books for children and young adults’, went to Rita Williams-Garcia for One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California, and later learn much about family, their country and themselves.(科雷塔·斯科特·金（Coretta Scott King）奖颁给了一位非裔美国作家和插画家，她为儿童和年轻人写了杰出的书，丽塔·威廉姆斯·加西亚（Rita Williams Garcia）的《一个疯狂的夏天》（One Crazy Summer）。小说以1968年为背景，讲述了来自纽约布鲁克林的三姐妹去看望多年前离家出走住在加利福尼亚州的诗人母亲，后来了解了很多关于家庭、国家和自己的事情。)”可知，One Crazy Summer是讲述一个三姐妹去找到离家的母亲，从而更多了解到自己和家庭的青少年成长方面的故事。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Picture This中的“It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.(它讲述了一位年老的动物园管理员和在他身体不太好不能上班时来看望他的动物的故事。)”可知，A Sick Day for Amos McGee向我们展示了动物可以与人类互动。故选C项。
B
Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women’s tennis with an important French Open debut(首秀) last month. Now the Chinese teenager hopes the fighting spirit she showed at the Grand Slam (大满贯) tournament can encourage kids starting out in the sport to chase their dreams on the court with the same determination.
“If tennis is your dream, I think you always have to fight for your dream. Because we only have one life, you shouldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.
The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.
Accounting for two-time Grand Slam winner Simona Halep along the way, Zheng’s journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek. Zheng, though, gave the Polish world No. 1 a big scare, battling back from 3-0 down in the first set to force and win a tiebreak(平分决胜局).
“That was the first time I had played against the world No.1, so I really wanted to grab this chance so I could judge her level and test myself,” said Zheng. “I didn’t want to give her the match so easy like that. It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through, but I wanted to show her I’m not easily beaten.”
Looking back at Zheng Qinwen’s performances in this year’s French Open, there’s no doubt that she’s a true fighter. Zheng says she avoids being discouraged by higher-ranked opponents by simply focusing on the next point, one shot at a time. Supported by her team, she hopes she can one day win a Grand Slam title.
Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably(不可避免地) led to comparisons with China’s solitary Grand Slam singles champion Li Na, who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.
“When I was a kid, Li Na showed that Asian people also can do something really good in tennis. She was the first one. I will just focus on my own game and then let’s see if I can really compete at the highest level,” said Zheng.
4. What does the underlined word “contender” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Competitor B. Announcer. C. Campaigner. D. Designer.
5. What is the result of the match between Zheng and Iga Swiatek?
A. Iga Swiatek beat Zheng easily.
B. Zheng lost to Iga Swiatek at last.
C. Zheng won the match despite her pain.
D. Iga Swiatek lost because of her mistakes.
6. Why is Li Na mentioned in paragraph 7?
A. To show how excellent Zheng Qinwen is.
B. To prove failure is the mother of success.
C. To explain why Li Na has achieved a lot.
D. To compare the difference between Zheng Qinwen and Li Na.
7. Which of the following can best describe Zheng Qinwen?
A. Optimistic and generous B. Adventurous and realistic.
C. Independent and helpful D. Struggling and determined.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了19岁的网球选手郑钦文在法网公开赛中取得了不俗的成绩，表明了自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.(这位19岁的女孩在法网公开赛上展示了她有成为一名顶级网球contender的天赋。)”和第一段中“Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women’s tennis with an important French Open debut(首秀) last month.(上个月，郑钦文在法网公开赛上首次亮相，宣布自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。)”可知，郑钦文在法网公开赛首次亮相证明了自己的实力，这说明她有成为顶级网球选手的天赋，由此可知，划线单词contender意为“选手”，与competitor(选手)意思一样，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Zheng’s journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek.(郑的征程在第四轮以三盘败给最终的冠军Iga Swiatek而告终。)”可知，最终郑钦文输给了Iga Swiatek，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably(不可避免地) led to comparisons with China’s solitary Grand Slam singles champion Li Na, who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.( 郑令人印象深刻的法网表现，不可避免地让人们将她与中国单打大满贯冠军李娜相提并论。李娜赢得了2011年法网和2014年澳网的冠军。)”可知，李娜是很优秀的网球运动员，郑钦文的出色表现让人们将她与李娜相提并论。由此可推知，第七段提及李娜是为了表明郑钦文在网球方面也很优秀，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““If tennis is your dream, I think you always have to fight for your dream. Because we only have one life, you shouldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.( “如果网球是你的梦想，我认为你必须为你的梦想而奋斗。因为我们只有一次生命，你不应该有任何遗憾，”郑在上周的一次采访中说。)”可知，郑钦文为了自己的梦想很努力。根据第五段中“I didn’t want to give her the match so easy like that. It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through, but I wanted to show her I’m not easily beaten(我不想这么让她那么容易地赢得比赛。对于我来说，在那场比赛中坚持下来是很困难的，这是因为我的身体状况，但是我想让她知道我不是那么容易被打败的)”可知，郑钦文很有决心，由此可知，郑钦文是一个努力且有决心的人，故选D。
C
Human innovation (创新) has allowed people to explore space for decades. Within a space station, astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer without a resupply. But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter. Establishing a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars seems just on the horizon. That can only happen if innovative and foolproof ways are developed to supply humans with enough air, water and food.
One company, Interstellar Labs, has developed an advanced, closed loop system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their AI managed greenhouses BioPods and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. That is not an impossible claim. BioPods don’t use any soil to grow plants, and the vast majority of water is recycled and recirculated.
Plants are grown inside BioPods using aeroponics, the practice of hanging plants in the air and spraying a mist of nutrient-rich water on their roots. By using aeroponics, the BioPod system carefully conserves water with amazing results. According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.
The conditions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity to maximize growth. This optimizes (使最优化) growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space.
The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too. The pod’s structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid form. The inside part is sealed with an inflatable membrane (充气膜) that is also 3D-printed. This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars, making transporting a large structure unnecessary.
Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the harshest environments.
8. In writing paragraph 1, the author aims to____________.
A. present a topic B. make a comparison
C. reach a conclusion D. propose a definition
9. Which of the following best describes Biopods?
A. They are widely used for space exploration.
B. They are highly productive and efficient greenhouses.
C. They are easy to operate without need for soil or water.
D. They are deigned to be used in harsh environments on Earth.
10. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Food Consumption in Space Station B. Space Exploration with BioPods
C. Growing Food in Space Pods D. 3D Printers Used in Space Lab
11. What is the writer’s attitude to the BioPod?
A. Positive. B. Cautious. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“That can only happen if innovative and foolproof ways are developed to supply humans with enough air, water and food.(只有开发出创新和可靠的方法，为人类提供足够的空气、水和食物，这才有可能实现)”及下文“可以在太空舱里种植植物的先进闭环系统”的内容可推断，作者写作第一段是为了引出在太空舱里可以种植食物的方法这一主题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They call their AI managed greenhouses BioPods and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. (他们称他们的人工智能管理温室为BioPods，它们的设计非常高效。事实上，星际实验室声称，BioPods可以将生产食物所需的土地和水的数量减少99%)”和第三段“According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.(根据星际实验室的数据，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需少量的水)”可知，BioPods是高产和高效的温室。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“One company, Interstellar Labs, has developed an advanced, closed loop system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space.(一家公司，星际实验室开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。所以“Growing Food in Space Pods(在太空舱里种植食物)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“By using aeroponics, the BioPod system carefully conserves water with amazing results. According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water. (通过使用空气种植法，BioPod系统谨慎地节约用水，取得了惊人的效果。根据星际穿实验室的说法，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需要少量的水)”、第四段“The conditions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity to maximize growth. This optimizes growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space. (BioPod内部的条件是由人工智能控制的，它可以改变从照明到温度和湿度的任何东西，以最大限度地提高生长。这优化了生长条件，无论外部环境如何，包括空间的空旷)”、第五段“The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too.(这种BioPods本身也几乎可以在任何环境下建造)”和最后一段“Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the harshest environments.(像大多数为太空探索而开发的技术一样，在地球上，即使在最恶劣的环境中，BioPods也可以用来提供高效的食物生产系统)”可推断，作者认为BioPod有许多优点，所以对BioPod的态度是积极的。故选A。
D
It may not be rocket science, but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons (神经外科医生) are not necessarily brighter than the general population.
Researchers examined data from an international group of 329 aerospace engineers and 72 brain surgeons who completed 12 tasks online using the Great British Intelligence Test.
The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知) including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.
The findings, which were recently published, reveal that only neurosurgeons showed a significant difference, with quicker problem-solving speed but slower memory recall compared with the general population. “The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations,” the researchers noted.
The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand-a tension made famous by a comedy show in which a confident neurosurgeon is slapped down by an aerospace expert who says, “Brain surgery... it’s not exactly rocket science, is it?”
However, the team found few differences between the cognitive abilities of aerospace engineers and neuroscientists, although the results suggest the former had higher scores for attention and mental control—such as turning objects in one’s head—while neurosurgeons showed higher scores in semantic (语义的) problem solving—such as definitions of rare words.
“Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board,” said Aswin Chari, an author of the study.
12. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The research subjects. B. The research method.
C. The research aspects. D. The research background.
13. What seemed to be the major cause of neurosurgeons’ quicker problem-solving speed shown in the study?
A. Fast development of neurosurgery. B. Talent of neurosurgeons.
C. Training for rapid decision-making. D. Nature of problem solving.
14. The study was conducted partly because the researchers .

A. attempted to answer the question asked by the aerospace expert in the show
B. were eager to solve the conflicts between neurosurgeons and aerospace engineers
C. intended to settle the argument over the intellectual superiority of the two professions
D. wanted to find out which of the two professions was more intellectually demanding
15. What is most likely to be the purpose of this text?
A. To inform people of the results of a cognitive study.
B. To encourage people to be confident in themselves.
C. To reduce prejudice against certain professions.
D. To correct misunderstandings about intelligence.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过航天工程师和神经外科医生与1.8万名公众的智力测试结果进行比对，发现从事专业技术工作的人员只在某些领域表现较好，由此可知每个人有每个人各自擅长的方面，而在所有方面都做的很好是很难的。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。第三段提到“The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知), including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.”（这些任务检查了认知的各个方面，包括计划和推理、工作记忆、注意力和情绪处理能力。然后，研究人员将这些结果与之前从1.8万名英国公众中收集的结果进行了比较）可知，本段主要介绍了研究的方法——对比两组人的智力水平。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。第四段第二句提到“ “The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations,” the researchers noted. ”（研究人员指出:“神经外科医生解决问题的速度差异可能源于神经外科快节奏的本质，这吸引了那些本来就有快速处理问题天赋的人，也可能是(尽管可能性不大)在关键时间情况下进行快速决策训练的产物。”）可知，神经外科医生在此方面的天赋是导致其快速处理问题的主要原因。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。第五段第一句提到“The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand”（研究人员说，这项研究在一定程度上是为了解决是否有一种职业在智力上占上风的问题）可知，这项研究意在解决这两种职业智力优势的争论。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段提到了该项研究的结果“but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons are not necessarily brighter than the general population.”（研究人员发现，航天工程师和神经外科医生并不一定比普通人聪明）在接下来的文章内容中分别阐述了研究的内容及研究的方面。最后一段得出结论“Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board.”（从本质上说，我们认为这表明每个人都有各种技能，有些人擅长某些事情，有些人擅长其他事情，要在所有方面都做得更好是很难的）由此判断，本文的主要目的是告知人们认知研究的结果。故选A。
【点睛】
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life can be challenging for teens. They must deal with schoolwork, family life and friends at the same time to fit. Feelings of sadness, frustration and irritability are common. ____16____ Their negative feelings don’t come and go. Instead. those intense feelings can point to a disease called depression—one that may require treatment.
It’s easy to think that depressed people simply feel sad or hopeless. For many teens that may be true. ____17____ Some kids withdraw from friends and family. Others respond with angry outbursts. Some teens may skip school or stop eating or sleeping. Teachers, parents or even a teen’s close friends may find it hard to tell whether these behaviors are just part of being a teens or signs of something truly serious.
Even depressed teens may not realize they have this problem. ____18____ More than three million Americans between the ages of 12 and 17 experienced depression in 2019. However a study by researchers at Harvard and Yale universities found that half of all teens with depression don’t get help until they become adults. And only one in three will have been diagnosed by their doctor.
____19____ “I can only work with what you give me,” Dee says, the mental-health professional in Lincoln, Neb.
Dee says, peers should also seek for signs of depression. Keep an eye on your friends, she recommends. Watch for symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness. ____20____ Any of these behaviors could be a symptom of depression.
Overall, knowing who and how to help is essential for successfully treating depression in teens.
A. The problem is that depression in teens can be hard to spot.
B. Some may turn to their friends to get rid of alcohol or drugs.
C. Even skipping classes can be a sign that something serious is going on.
D. And the share of those affected is high.
E. But for some teens, those emotions take a more extreme turn.
F. There is a link between mental illness and suicide in teens.
G. Teens should be honest with their answers.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年患抑郁症的现象。青少年患抑郁症的情况越来越严重。但是，问题在于发现抑郁症很难，甚至连青少年本人都没有意识到自己的问题。专家提出，家长、老师、同龄人和青少年本人都要关注青少年抑郁的问题。
【16题详解】
前文“ Feelings of sadness, frustration and irritability are common. (悲伤、沮丧和易怒的情绪是很常见的)”强调负面情绪是普遍的，后文“Their negative feelings don’t come and go. Instead. those intense feelings can point to a disease called depression—one that may require treatment. (他们的消极情绪不会来来去去。相反，这些强烈的感觉可能导致一种叫做抑郁症的疾病——这种疾病可能需要治疗)”强调这些负面情绪会导致抑郁症，前后语义呈转折关系，所以E选项“But for some teens, those emotions take a more extreme turn. (但对一些青少年来说，这些情绪发生了更极端的转变)”符合题意，后文中提到的“depression”是消极情绪极端化的体现。故答案为E。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Teachers, parents or even a teen’s close friends may find it hard to tell whether these behaviors are just part of being a teens or signs of something truly serious.(老师、家长甚至是青少年的密友可能很难判断这些行为是青少年的一部分，还是一些真正严重的迹象)”可知，身边的人很难判断出某些行为到底是不是抑郁症的症状，所以A选项“The problem is that depression in teens can be hard to spot. (问题是青少年的抑郁症很难被发现)”符合题意，选项中的“hard to spot”呼应后文的“hard to tell”。故答案为A。
【18题详解】
后文“More than three million Americans between the ages of 12 and 17 experienced depression in 2019. (2019年，超过300万12岁至17岁的美国人经历过抑郁症)”用具体的数字来表明患有抑郁症的人数非常多，所以D选项“And the share of those affected is high. (而且受影响的比例很高)”符合语境，先强调比例高，在用具体的数字进一步解释。故答案为D。
【19题详解】
根据后文精神健康专家Dee说的话“I can only work with what you give me (我只会根据患者告诉我的情况开展工作)”可知，G选项“Teens should be honest with their answers. (青少年应该对自己的问题做出诚实的回答)”选项符合题意，只有青少年诚实回答问题，专家才能有针对性的去解决问题。故答案为G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Dee says, peers should also seek for signs of depression. Keep an eye on your friends, she recommends. Watch for symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness. (Dee说，同龄人也应该寻找抑郁症的迹象。她建议多留意你的朋友。注意孤立或绝望的症状)”可知，专家建议身边的同龄人要密切关注抑郁症的迹象，后文“ Any of these behaviors could be a symptom of depression. (这些行为都可能是抑郁症的症状)”中的关键词“these behaviors”说明该空会描述一些抑郁症的行为。C选项“Even skipping classes can be a sign that something serious is going on. (甚至逃课也可能是有严重问题发生的信号)”中的“skipping classes”就是具体的抑郁症行为，选项中的“Even”与空前的“symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness”构成递进关系。故答案为C。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When an infectious disease broke out and supermarket shelves were ____21____, Daniel and Nancy decided they no longer wanted to ____22____ others for food. The couple decided to start a year-long ____23____ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ____24____, they would grow, raise or catch everything.
Daniel said, “It is something that we have wanted to do. When the disease ____25____, it gave us that extra ____26____. At that time we were both ____27____, and that gave us even more motivation to see if we could ____28____ ourselves.” The pair built a house for chickens and ducks and studied online about where they would get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had to learn so many new things like how to grow mushrooms and ____29____ salt from the ocean.”
“Now after five months, they both feel well but Daniel ____30____ the first few weeks were difficult as their bodies adjusted to ____31____ coffee, wine and sugar all on the same day,” he says. “After three weeks our desires for them ____32____ and now we feel great.” Now February has come to a(n) ____33____. As they survive winter, they feel ____34____ about continuing with this way of living, with their challenge ____35____ ending in August.
21. A. dusty B. firm C. empty D. full
22. A. look for B. come across C. fall behind D. rely on
23. A. challenge B. charity C. construction D. research
24. A. Nevertheless B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides
25. A. went B. dropped C. failed D. hit
26. A. burden B. push C. debt D. excuse
27. A. unemployed B. unconcerned C. occupied D. confused
28. A. guarantee B. protect C. feed D. control
29. A. supply B. save C. invent D. harvest
30. A. argues B. admits C. doubts D. denies
31. A. quitting B. demanding C. changing D. consuming
32. A. returned B. reduced C. existed D. doubled
33. A. head B. stop C. end D. point
34. A. positive B. hesitant C. regretful D. bored
35. A. rarely B. instantly C. merely D. officially
【答案】21 C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是当面对在超市无法购买到食物的困境时，Daniel和Nancy这对夫妇决定自己制作食物，挑战一年不购买东西吃。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. dusty布满灰尘的；B. firm坚固的；C. empty空的；D. full满的。由上文的“When an infectious disease broke out”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. look for寻找；B. come across偶遇；C. fall behind落后；D. rely on依靠。由后文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A.challenge挑战；B. charity慈善；C. construction建设；D. research研究。由后文的“where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides另外。根据上文“The couple decided to start a year-long 3 where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat.”和下文“they would grow, raise or catch everything.”可知，上下文是相反的做法。故选B项。
25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. went去；B. dropped下降；C. failed失败；D. hit袭击。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. burden负担；B.push推动力 ；C.debt债务；D. excuse借口。由后文的“gave us even more motivation”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A.unemployed失业的；B. unconcerned不关心的；C. occupied忙于……的；D. confused困惑的 。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，传染病爆发，两个人都失业了。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. guarantee保证；B. protect保护；C. feed喂养，养活；D. control控制。由上文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. 4 , they would grow, raise or catch everything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A. supply供应；B. save救；C. invent发明；D. harvest收集，收获。由后文的“salt from the ocean”可知，是从海里收集盐。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. argues争论；B. admits承认；C. doubts怀疑；D. denies否认。由后文的“the first few weeks were difficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.quitting戒除 ；B. demanding要求；C. changing改变；D. consuming消耗。由后文的“coffee, wine and sugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们对它们的需求降低了，现在我们感觉很好。A. returned回来 ；B. reduced降低；C. existed存在；D. doubled加倍。由上文的“their bodies adjusted to 11 coffee, wine and sugar”以及下文“now we feel great”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，现在感觉很好了，由此可知，他们对这些东西的需求降低了。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A. head头；B. stop停止；C. end结束；D. point点。由后文的“they survive winter”可知，二月已经结束了，come to an end意为“结束”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. positive积极的，乐观的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. regretful后悔的；D. bored无聊的。由上文的“they survive winter”和后文的“about continuing with this way of living”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. rarely稀少地；B.instantly立即地；C. merely仅仅；D. officially正式地。由“ending in August”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At this year’s Singles’ Day shopping spree (狂欢), domestic brands ____36____ (fill) up the shopping cart of Wang Xinyi, ____37____ university student from Chongqing in Southwest China.
“Most of us choose domestic products owing to the fact ____38____ they are cost-effective and high in quality.” said Wang, ____39____ bought daily necessities, clothes and digital products made by local brands during last week’s shopping festival.
Wang said many young Chinese ____40____ (increase) chose domestic brands, ____41____ (add) that this trend could not only satisfy consumers’ needs but incorporate (融入) traditional Chinese culture into the products.
Nearly 70% of post-90s and around 80% of post-00s generations prefer to buy domestic brands. Young consumers have ____42____ (strong) confidence and a higher sense of national identity than those of other groups. Overall, Chinese people’s interest in domestic products increased by 528 percent ____43____ (compare) with 10 years ago.
The ____44____ (improve) in quality and branding has helped promote domestic products. Besides, their _____45_____ (use) traditional Chinese elements and culture has made domestic brands become popular among young consumers.
【答案】36. filled
37. a 38. that
39. who 40. increasingly
41. adding 42. stronger
43. compared
44. improvement
45. using
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了越来越多的人买国货，因为国货价格合适且质量好。买国货不仅能满足消费者的需求，并能将中国文化融入到产品中。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：在今年的双十一购物狂欢中，来自中国西南部重庆的大学生王欣怡的购物车里塞满了国货。分析句子结构，该空是本句子的谓语动词，结合时间状语At this year’s Singles’ Day shopping spree (狂欢) 和后文句意，可知时态为一般过去时，所以填filled。故答案为filled。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在今年的双十一购物狂欢中，来自中国西南部重庆的大学生王欣怡的购物车里塞满了国货。空后的student是可数名词单数，该空要填冠词；由句意可知，此处是泛指，表示“一名大学生”，所以要选不定冠词；university 发音时以辅音音素开头，即填a。故答案为a。
【38题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：王欣怡说：“我们大多数人之所以选择国货，是因为它们性价比高并质量好。”她在上周的购物节期间购买了国产的日用品、服装和数码产品。分析句子结构，此处考查同位语从句，进一步解释空前的抽象名词the fact的具体内容，从句中不缺成分也不缺任何含义，所以用that来引导。故答案为that。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：王欣怡说：“我们大多数人之所以选择国货，是因为它们性价比高并质量好。”她在上周的购物节期间购买了国产的日用品、服装和数码产品。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Wang，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who来引导。故答案为who。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：王欣怡表示，许多中国年轻人越来越多地选择国货，并补充道，这一趋势不仅可以满足消费者的需求，还可以将中国传统文化融入产品中。分析句子结构，空后是谓语动词chose，所以空格要填副词，作状语来修饰动词chose；increase的副词形式是increasingly，表示“越来越多地、不断增加地”。故答案为increasingly。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：王欣怡表示，许多中国年轻人越来越多地选择国货，并补充道，这一趋势不仅可以满足消费者的需求，还可以将中国传统文化融入产品中。分析句子结构，主句的谓语动词是said，该空动词与主句谓语并无连词连接，所以该空要填非谓语形式；add与逻辑主语Wang之间是主动关系，所以此处要填现在分词，即adding在句中作状语。故答案为adding。
【42题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：与其他群体相比，年轻消费者有更强的信心和更高的国家认同感。分析句子结构，空后是名词confidence，所以该空要填形容词作定语修饰名词；结合后文的and a higher，此处也要用形容词的比较级形式，即stronger，与后文构成并列。故答案为stronger。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：总体而言，与10年前相比，中国人对国货的兴趣增加了528%。分析句子结构，该句子的谓语是increased，所以空处要填非谓语动词；compare与逻辑主语Chinese people’s interest之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式，即compared。故答案为compared。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：质量提高和品牌化有助于推广国货。分析句子结构，The ____9____ (improve) in quality and branding在句中充当主语，空前是定冠词the，所以该空要填名词，即improvement，表示“改善；改进”。故答案为improvement。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：此外，他们对中国传统元素和文化的运用使国货受到年轻消费者的欢迎。分析句子结构，their ____10____ (use) traditional Chinese elements and culture在句中作主语，所以空处填动名词using，构成动名词的复合结构。故答案为using。
第三部分书面表达(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，刚刚报名参加学校以“Be Sporty, Be Healthy”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一份演讲稿，内容包含：
1.运动的益处；
2.校园运动的具体建议。
注意：1.词数应为80词左右，文章标题已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Be Sporty, Be Healthy
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【答案】 Be Sporty, Be Healthy
Hello, everyone! I feel honored to be here to talk to you on exercise. As we all know, doing exercise has a lot of benefits. It can not only give us a strong body, but also can make us energetic so that we can better concentrate on studies. So I suggest that we should do some exercise at school.
For example, we should put down our books to stretch our arms from time to time. Besides, we can do some jogging and rope jumping every day.
That’s all. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给以“Be Sporty, Be Healthy”为主题写一份演讲稿，内容包含：运动的益处；校园运动的具体建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
好处：benefits→advantages
建议：suggest→advise
不时：from time to time→now and then
此外：Besides→In addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For example, we should put down our books to stretch our arms from time to time.
拓展句：For example, we should put down our books to stretch our arms from time to time, which can relieve fatigue.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It can not only give us a strong body, but also can make us energetic so that we can better concentrate on studies. (运用了so that引导的结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] So I suggest that we should do some exercise at school. (运用了虚拟语气)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam, Nick, and Tom were best friends. Five years after their graduation from college, Nick called Adam and Tom, inviting them to celebrate his birthday on his personal yacht (游艇). They got very excited.
It was a bright and sunny summer day. As Nick was studying the safety measures of the sea journey, he saw Adam and Tom coming towards his yacht. With huge hugs and smiles on every face, the three greeted each other in their usual way. “Thank you boys for coming and making my birthday even more special,” said Nick.
“But before getting started, hope you both know there is a danger zone at a particular point on this sea, ” warned Adam.
“Don’t worry. I will stay away from it. Now let the party begin!” Nick responded, starting to turn the steering wheel (方向盘) of the yacht.
Treating the friends on the beautiful white yacht sailing on the blue water was a perfect idea. They were having a wonderful time, talking, eating and joking. How time flew! It started getting dark.
“Hey guys! It’s time to go back,” Tom shouted.
“Mr. Sailor, turn your ship’s wheel and take us back home,” said Adam.
Little did they know they were going to encounter life-threatening challenges ahead. Unknowingly, Nick crossed the danger zone Adam had mentioned earlier. When realizing this, Nick decided to make a turn immediately. Unfortunately, a strange noise came from the engine and then the yacht stopped. Expert at mending machines, Adam offered to examine the engine and asked Nick to fetch the tool box. Nick was hurrying to get it when he slipped, falling into the sea water.
“Nick!” Tom and Adam screamed.
Panicked, Nick started shouting for help. Tom rushed inside the yacht to get a life jacket to rescue Nick, but didn’t find one. Instead, he found a long rope and out he rushed with it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then Adam shouted on top of his voice, “Nick! Look, there’s a shark behind you!”
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What they had to do was restart the yacht.
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【答案】Just then Adam shouted on top of his voice, “Nick! Look, there’s a shark behind you!” Turning his head, Nick was shocked to find a black figure approaching him. Helpless and frightened, Nick swam towards the yacht like crazy. Tom quickly threw the rope down at Nick, who succeeded in grasping it. With all their strength, Tom and Adam pulled Nick up from the water before the shark could swallow him. But the hungry animal didn’t give up, swimming around the yacht for its dinner. Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must do something to escape from the danger.
What they had to do was restart the yacht. Though wet through, Nick fetched the tool box in no time. With the tools Adam carefully examined the engine, found out the exact cause of its failure and managed to get the engine working. Its wonderful sound had everyone on board burst into cheers. With Nick turning the steering wheel, the yacht left the danger zone at full speed, leaving the lonely shark far behind. The young guys waved happily at it, heading straight back.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲述了亚当、尼克和汤姆是最好的朋友。尼克大学毕业五年后，他打电话给亚当和汤姆，邀请他们在他的私人游艇上庆祝他的生日。他们非常兴奋。结果他们不知不觉来到了海上的危险区域，引擎发出一种奇怪的声音，游艇停了下来。亚当是修理机器的专家，他主动提出检查引擎，并让尼克去取工具箱。尼克正急急忙忙去拿，突然滑倒，掉进了海水里。尼克惊慌失措，开始大喊救命。汤姆冲进游艇去拿救生衣去救尼克，但是没有找到。相反，他找到了一根长长的绳子，带着它冲了出去。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：就在这时，亚当大声喊道:“尼克!看，你后面有条鲨鱼!”所以后文应该是讲述尼克遭遇鲨鱼后的反应，以及如何在汤姆和亚当的帮助下脱险的过程；第二段开头是：他们要做的就是重新启动游艇。本段应该写亚当找出了故障原因，让发动机转动起来了，他们最后安全离开了。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：approach, succeed in, at full speed等高级词汇；Tom quickly threw the rope down at Nick, who succeeded in grasping it.运用了非限制性定语从句；Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must do something to escape from the danger.运用了让步状语从句等高级句式。