2022-2023学年陕西省咸阳市实验中学高二上学期第三次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省咸阳市实验中学高二上学期第三次月考英语试题（解析版），共24页。
第一学期第三次月考
高二英语试题
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟;
2. 答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、班级和准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、班级和准考证号;
3. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰;
4. 考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题卷不回收。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the woman?
A.An earthquake expert.
B.A soldier.
C.A volunteer.
2.What does the man suggest the woman do?
A.Buy a new television.
B.Use a different plug.
C.Try to repair the old television.
3.How does Jack feel now?
A.Confident.
B.Discouraged.
C.Pleased.
4.What will the woman do first?
A.Have lunch with the man.
B.Finish some e-mails.
C.Invite someone else for lunch.
5.When did the boy start playing football?
A.At 7 p.m.
BAt 9 p.m.
C.At 10 p.m.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What did the woman do this morning?
A.She played tennis.
B.She cooked a meal.
C.She prepared the fish.
7.What will the man put on the table?
A.Glasses.
B.The fish.
C.Knives and forks.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Why does the woman make the call?
A. To book a hotel room.
B.To ask about the room service.
C.To make some changes to a reservation.
9.When will the woman leave the hotel?
A.On September 16.
B.On September 23.
C.On September 24.
10.Which room does the woman want to choose?
A. A room with a view.
B.A room with a courtyard.
C.A room with a basement.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What is the weather like in London in the winter according to the woman?
A.Cold and sunny.
B.Cold and rainy.
C.Cold and windy.
12.How does the woman usually travel to work?
A.By bus.
B.By taxi.
C.By underground.
13.What does the woman think is cheap in London?
A.Restaurants.
B.Transportation.
C.Supermarkets.
14.Where did the woman celebrate her birthday last Saturday?
A.In an Italian restaurant.
B.In a British restaurant.
C.In a Greek restaurant.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15.What has made working at home possible?
A. Living far from workplaces.
B. Communication industry.
C. More job opportunities.
16.What is the advantage of working at home according to the woman?
A.Saving more time.
B.Having a lot of freedom.
C.Taking care of the family easily.
17. What might happen in the future in the woman’s opinion?
A.British company will move overseas.
B.All companies will employ homeworkers.
C.People will work at home for a foreign company.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.Where will the donated money go?
A.To the art department.
B.To the sports teams.
C.To the computer lab.
19.How long does the book fair last this week?
A.Two days.
B.Three days.
C.Four days.
20.Whose class is hosting a bake sale?
A.Mr.Gogh’s.
B.Mr.Black’s.
C.Mr.Smith’s
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Italian poet and scholar Dante is best known for the monumental epic poem The Divine Comedy, which still counts as one of the masterpieces of world literature even today, over 700 years after its first appearance. However, Italian literature goes beyond Dante; there are many other classic Italian authors worth reading.
Ludovico Ariosto (1474-1533)
Recognized as a crucial figure in the development of Italian Renaissance literary culture, Ariosto is best known for his poem Orlando Furioso, which presents a rich variety of characters and mixes romance with epic. The poem was wildly successful in Ariosto's lifetime and inspired artists and musical composers well into the 170Os.
Italo Calvino (1923-1985)
Calvino was an Italian journalist and the author of the postmodern classic If on a Winter's Night A Traveler published in 1979. The unique frame tale in the story sets it apart from other novels. Musicians such as Sting have used the novel as inspiration for their albums. At the time of his death in 1985, he was the most translated Italian author in the world.
Umberto Eco (1932-2016)
Eco is probably best known for his book The Name of The Rose, published in 1980.The historical murder mystery novel combined the author's love of literature and Semiotics, the study of communication. Eco was a semiotician and a philosopher. Many of his stories dealt with themes of the meaning and interpretation of communication. Along with being an accomplished author, he was a-so a well-known literary critic and college professor.
Alessandro Manzoni (1785-1873)
Manzoni is most famous for his novel The Betrothed written in 1827. Set in northern Italy in1628, at a time when the country was under Spanish rule, the novel is said to have helped to shape a new unified Italy. The book is also seen as a masterpiece of world literature. It's safe to say Italy wouldn't be Italy without this great novelist.
1. What do Orlando Furioso and lf on a Winter's Night A Traveler have in common?
A. They are classic epic poems.
B. They have influenced musicians.
C. They are widely translated.
D. They came out during the Renaissance.
2. Who is the author of The Name of The Rose?
A. Ludovico Ariosto. B. Italo Calvino. C. Umberto Eco. D. Alessandro Manzoni.
3. Which is related to the formation of a unified country?
A. The Betrothed B. The Name of The Rose
C. Orlando Furioso D. If or a Winter's Night A Traveler
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几位意大利著名的作家及其代表作品。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ludovico Ariosto部分的“The poem was wildly successful in Ariosto's lifetime and inspired artists and musical composers well into the 1700s.（这首诗在阿里奥斯托的一生中获得了巨大的成功，并一直激励着艺术家和音乐作曲家直到18世纪。）”和Italo Calvino部分的“Musicians such as Sting have used the novel as inspiration for their albums.（斯汀等音乐家将这部小说作为创作专辑的灵感。）”可知，这两部作品的共同之处在于他们影响了音乐家。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Umberto Eco部分的“Eco is probably best known for his book The Name of The Rose, published in 1980.（艾柯最著名的作品可能是他在1980年出版的《玫瑰的名字》。）”可知，Umberto Eco是这本书的作者。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Alessandro Manzoni部分的“Set in northern Italy in1628, at a time when the country was under Spanish rule, the novel is said to have helped to shape a new unified Italy.（故事发生在1628年的意大利北部，当时这个国家正处于西班牙的统治之下，据说这部小说帮助形成了一个新的统一的意大利。）”可知，The Betrothed这部小说与一个统一国家的形成有关。故选A。
B
Art researchers have found a hidden painting of a man under one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces, The Blue Room. By using infrared (红外线的) imagery they discovered that the hidden man under the painting was a man with his face resting on his hand. Now the question that scientists at The Phillips Col-lection hope to answer is simple.Who is he?
The finding of the hidden man in The Blue Room leads to new research about the 1901 painting, which was created by Picasso in Paris at the start of his blue period of unhappiness. Researchers discovered that the hidden man was painted in a reworked composition by Picasso. They are sure that it is not a self-portrait. They think it might be the Paris art dealer Ambrose Villard who hosted Picasso’s first show in 1901, but there’s no record or evidence to prove this, so the research continues.
Hidden pictures have been found under other important Picasso paintings, such as La Vie and Woman Ironing. A technical analysis of La Vie at the Cleveland Museum of Art also found that Picasso reworked the painting’s composition. And scientists found a portrait of a man under Picasso’s painting Woman Ironing at the Guggenheim Museum in Manhattan.
Dorothy Kosinski,director of The Phillips Collection,said more new knowledge about Picasso’s paintings can be discovered through high-tech cooperation among museums. “Our audiences are curious about the high-tech research because it can help them know more about the paintings. It’s giving them a doorway to make them understand Picasso’s paintings more,” she said. “The more we can understand, the greater our appreciation of the paintings will be.”
4. From Paragraph 1, researchers found
A. a man is hiding behind The Blue Room
B. a painting of a man is hidden under The Blue Room
C. The Blue Room is one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces
D. a man is taking a rest in The Blue Room of Pablo Picasso
5. What can we know about the hidden man in The Blue Room?
A. He first showed up in 1901.
B. He is Ambrose Villard from Paris.
C. Nobody knows for sure who he is.
D. He was not painted by Pablo Picasso.
6. What’s the similarity among The Blue Room, La Vie and Woman Ironing?
A. They are painted by Dorothy Kosinski.
B. They have a hidden picture under them.
C. They are exhibited at the same museum.
D. They have a hidden self-portrait in them.
7. From the last paragraph we can know ________ .
A. audiences are curious about the doorway of the museums
B. the research on Picasso’s works can add mystery to him
C. more people will be crazy about researching Picasso’s life
D. the high-tech research can help people know more about Picasso’s paintings
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究者们运用红外成像技术发现在毕加索的《蓝色房间》里画中有画，里面有一个隐藏的男子肖像，关于这个男子的身份目前还没有定论。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Art researchers have found a hidden painting of a man under one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces, The Blue Room.(艺术研究人员在巴勃罗·毕加索的代表作之一《蓝色房间》下发现了一幅隐藏的男人画)”可知，研究者们发现《蓝色房间》画中有画，里面有一个隐藏的男子肖像。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They think it might be the Paris art dealer Ambrose Villard who hosted Picasso’s first show in 1901, but there’s no record or evidence to prove this, so the research continues.(他们认为这可能是巴黎艺术品交易商安布罗斯·维拉德，他在1901年主办了毕加索的第一场画展，但没有记录或证据证明这一点，所以研究仍在继续)”可知，没有证据和记录表明画中隐藏的男子的身份，研究还需继续。由此推知，目前还没有定论。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Hidden pictures have been found under other important Picasso paintings, such as La Vie and Woman Ironing. A technical analysis of La Vie at the Cleveland Museum of Art also found that Picasso reworked the painting’s composition. And scientists found a portrait of a man under Picasso’s painting Woman Ironing at the Guggenheim Museum in Manhattan.(在毕加索的其他重要画作，如《生命》和《熨衣服的女人》中也发现了隐藏的画面。克利夫兰艺术博物馆对《生命》的技术分析也发现，毕加索修改了这幅画的构图。科学家在曼哈顿的古根海姆博物馆的毕加索画作《熨衣服的女人》下发现了一幅男性画像)”可知，这三幅画都是毕加索的杰作，都有隐藏的画在其中。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Our audiences are curious about the high-tech research because it can help them know more about the paintings. It’s giving them a doorway to make them understand Picasso’s paintings more,” she said.(“我们的观众对这项高科技研究很好奇，因为它可以帮助他们更多地了解这些画作。这给了他们一个入口，让他们更好地理解毕加索的画，”她说)可知，对毕加索的画进行高科技研究会帮助人们进一步认识他的作品。故选D。
C
The sea could be the food bowl of the future. In Jervis Bay, south of Sydney, seaweed, which is rich in fibre and omega 3, is grown and harvested.
Pia Winberg is a marine scientist who runs Australia's first food-grade fanned seaweed company. Her crop is grown alongside mussels (贻贝)and is used as an additive in pasta (意大利面)and other products.
Seaweed is also raised in large tanks, where it absorbs carbon dioxide waste from a wheat processing factory. The business is small, but could help to reduce the ecological footprint of traditional farming.
“We used ten percent of seaweed instead of wheat in breads and pastas, we've eliminated a million hectares of land, we've eliminated all of the carbon dioxide emissions associated with that, and we've also reduced the pressures on very precious fresh water.” said Pia Winberg.
Spiny sea urchins (多刺海胆虫)are another blue economy resource. They can destroy marine habitats, but a recent competition for environmental start-ups in Australia, saw them not as a pest but a delicacy (美味).
Martina Doblin, CEO of Sydney Institute of Marine Science, said, “By 2050 we will have some ten billion people on the planet, and about half the food they eat will come from the ocean. So, we really do need to pay attention to the way that we manage the blue economy-generating wealth from the ocean but in a sustainable (可持续的)way.”
Farming at sea has its challenges. Infrastructure (基础设施)has to be sound, as do supply chains and biosecurity. But get these things right, and the ocean might just be the next great economic frontier.
8. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To lead to the main topic.
B. To describe a new kind of seaweed.
C. Tell how important the food safety is.
D. To explain the meaning of blue economy.
9. What can we learn from what Martina Doblin said in paragraph 6?
A. Ocean exploration has made little progress so far.
B. More and more people will die of hunger in the future.
C. More work is needed for a better use of the natural resources.
D. Sea farming will be a good way to solve the coming world food problem.
10. Which word can be used to describe the author's attitude towards sea fanning?
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Negative.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. How to Protect the Marine Animals
B. Measures to Develop Blue Economy
C. Farming the Sea for the Future of Food
D. Traditional Farming is Gradually Disappearing
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了海洋可能是未来的粮仓。在悉尼南部的杰维斯湾，人们种植和收获富含纤维和欧米加3的海藻以及科学家们对发展海洋蓝色经济的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“The sea could be the food bowl of the future. In Jervis Bay, south of Sydney, seaweed, which is rich in fibre and omega 3, is grown and harvested.”（海洋可能是未来的粮仓。在悉尼南部的杰维斯湾，人们种植和收获富含纤维和欧米加3的海藻）可知在悉尼南部的杰维斯湾地区人们开始发展海洋蓝色经济；第二段至第四段主要讲一位海洋科学家皮娅·温伯格经营着澳大利亚第一家食品级扇形海藻公司以及海藻对减少耕地，增加食物和吸收二氧化碳的作用；第五段主要讲多刺的海胆是另一个蓝色的经济资源；第六段主要讲悉尼海洋科学研究所首席执行官玛蒂娜·多布林发表了对发展海洋蓝色经济的看法；最后一段主要讲如果对海上农业的挑战处理的恰当的话，海洋可能会成为下一个伟大的经济前沿。综上所述，第一段的主要功能是引出文章的主题。故选A项。
9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第六段Martina Doblin 所说的内容“By 2050 we will have some ten billion people on the planet, and about half the food they eat will come from the ocean. So, we really do need to pay attention to the way that we manage the blue economy - generating wealth from the ocean but in a sustainable (可持续的)way.”（到2050年，地球上将有大约100亿人，而他们所吃的食物有一半将来自海洋。所以，我们确实需要关注管理蓝色经济的方式，如何从海洋中创造财富，但要以可持续的方式去做。）可知，Martina Doblin认为到2050年人类所吃的食物有一半将来自海洋。所以海洋耕作将是解决未来世界粮食问题的好方法。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Farming at sea has its challenges. Infrastructure (基础设施)has to be sound, as do supply chains and biosecurity. But get these things right, and the ocean might just be the next great economic frontier.”（海上农业也有它自身的挑战。基础设施必须健全，供应链和生物安全也必须如此。但如果这些事情都做好了，海洋可能就会成为下一个重要的经济领域。）结合第六内容可知，作者陈述了海洋耕作的好处，而此处陈述了它所面临的问题。由此推知，作者对发展海洋耕作持客观的态度。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段第一句“The sea could be the food bowl of the future.”（海洋可能是未来的粮仓。）以及下文都是围绕发展海洋农业的作用和意义展开。可知，最适合作为文章的标题是“为了未来的食物耕作海洋”。故选C项
D
AIDS may be one of the most undesirable diseases in the world. Luckily, there is now hope for AIDS patients.
According to a recent paper published in the New England Journal of Medicine，Chinese scientists have successfully used CRISPR technology -a method of gene editing-to treat a patient with HIV. While it may not have cured the patient fully, it still represents a huge step forward in fighting the disease.
The patient was a 27-year-old Chinese man who was diagnosed with both AIDS and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (淋巴母细胞白血病), a type of blood cancer. Despite his bleak situation, doctors offered him a little hope: a bone marrow (骨髓) transplant to treat his cancer and an experimental treatment for his HIV. They used this chance to edit the DNA in bone marrow stem cells (干细胞) from a donor before transplanting the cells into the patient.
Specifically, the treatment involved using the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 to delete a gene known as CCR5, which encodes (给…编码) a protein that HIV uses to get inside human cells. Without the gene, HIV is unable to enter cells. Talking about the gene, lead scientist Deng Hongkui told CNN, “After being edited, the cells and the blood cells they produce have the ability to resist HIV infection.” Nineteen months after the treatment, the patients leukemia was in complete remission( 缓 解 ) and donor cells without CCR5 remained, according to the research paper.
Though the transplant didn't cure the man’s HIV, it still showed the effectiveness of gene-editing technology, as there was no indication of any unintended genetic changes-a major concern with past gene-editing treatment experiments. Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security in the United States, who was not involved in the study, praised the treatment. “They did a very creative experiment, and it was safe,” he told Live Science. “It should be viewed as a success.”
Deng believes gene-editing technology could “bring a new dawn” to blood related diseases such as AIDS and sickle-cell anaemia ( 镰 状 细 胞 贫 血 ). “Thanks to this new technology, the goal of a functional cure for AIDS is getting closer and closer,” he said.
12. The underlined word “bleak” in Paragraph3 probably means “______”.
A. hopeless
B. unstable
C. embarrassing
D. unique
13. How did the treatment fight against HIV?
A. By identifying and killing HIV.
B. By changing the structure of HIV.
C. By preventing HIV entering cells.
D. By removing a protein HIV feeds on.
14. What is the result of the treatment?
A. Gene-edited cells are able to resist HIV infection.
B. The number of cells infected by HIV has decreased.
C. CCR5 and other genes in the patient's cells are changed.
D. Unintended genetic changes have taken place in the patient's cells.
15. What can we know about the experiment?
A. It pointed out the problems of gene treatment.
B. It provided a new way to cure AIDS patients fully.
C. It could offer a safe treatment for blood-related diseases.
D. It was the first example to use gene-editing tool to treat AIDS.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。世界上最难治疗的疾病之一艾滋病现在有了新希望，通过改变基因编码的方法，给治疗艾滋病带来了曙光。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据语境义可以看出来，前面有 despite 是“尽管，虽然”的意思，后半句是doctors offered him a little hope，医生提供了一线希望，所以，他的状况应该是暗淡的，无希望的。选项A：无希望的；选项B：不稳定的；选项C：尴尬的；选项D：独一无二的。故选择 A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句 Specifically, the treatment involved using the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 to delete a gene known as CCR5，which encodes(给…编码) a protein that HIV uses to get inside human cells. Without the gene, HIV is unable to enter cells.如果没有这个基因，HIV 没有办法进入细胞，故答案是 C。故选择C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段第三句中“After being edited, the cells and the blood cells they produce have the ability to resist HIV infection.”直接可以选出答案 A。故选择A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。本题可以用排除法。A 选项是以偏概全，B 选项通过第二段 While it may not have cured the patient fully 可知是偷梁换柱，D 选项是无中生有，C 选项通过最后一段最后一句 Thanks to this new technology, the goal of a functional cure for AIDS is getting closer and closer 可知符合文章内容与推测，故选 C。故选择C。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Carbon Footprint
While making visits to national parks or forest preserves, you’ll often be told to leave nothing but foot-prints. However, wherever we go, we actually leave two sets of footprints. ____16____, and the other is what is known as your carbon footprint. That refers to the level of greenhouse gases your lifestyle and activity produce and send out.
Often people consider their carbon footprint to be the result of their immediate use of fossil fuels and energy usage, like cooking with natural gas or using petrol to run their automobile. ____17____. This may include the fossil fuel used to transport the food that you buy at your local grocery store, or the energy used to deal with the waste produced in your household.
Taking small step to reduce your carbon footprint and saving energy is actually fairly simple. ____18____ It requires the burning of fossil fuels to make the bottle, transport it, and get rid of it if it’s not recycled. Compared with it, in-house filtration (过滤) systems can reduce your influence and cost for water.
Unplugging appliances that are not frequently in use is another way to reduce your carbon foot-print. ____19____ , most of them have a standby mode (待机模式) that wastes energy. Cutting off power is the best way to ensure that unnecessary energy is not lost. What is more, new energy efficient light bulbs, filters, and appliances could also help reduce your carbon footprint.
____20____. With easy steps, you are on your way to reducing the size of the carbon footprint left behind.
A. Even when these appliances are not in use
B. For instance the use of bottled water leaves a rather significant carbon footprint
C. Although fossil fuels may lead to carbon footprints
D. One is you physical footprint
E. We often forget footprints sometimes consequently do harm to the environment
F. However, your carbon footprint consists of many activities that can be far less obvious
G. In a word, less energy used means less greenhouses gas produced
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于环境保护和节约资源。为了和大自然和谐相处，每个人都应贡献自己的一份力量，节约从小事做起，从自身的每一个行为做起。
【16题详解】
根据前句“However, wherever we go, we actually leave two sets of footprints.(然而，无论我们走到哪里，我们实际上都会留下两个足迹)”和后文“and the other is what is known as your carbon footprint.(另一个是你的碳足迹。)”可知，这里介绍两个足迹中第一个。one ... the other …一个……另一个……。所以选择项D“One is you physical footprint(一个是你的物理足迹)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前句“Often people consider their carbon footprint to be the result of their immediate use of fossil fuels and energy usage, like cooking with natural gas or using petrol to run their automobile.(人们通常认为他们的碳足迹是他们使用化石燃料和能源的即时结果，比如用天然气烹饪或使用汽油来驾驶汽车)”和后句“This may include the fossil fuel used to transport the food that you buy at your local grocery store, or the energy used to deal with the waste produced in your household.(这可能包括用于运输你在当地杂货店购买的食品的化石燃料，或用于处理你的家庭产生的废物的能源)”可知，空格前后是转折关系，因此填入的过渡句表示转折，并且与碳足迹的构成有关。所以选择项F“However, your carbon footprint consists of many activities that can be far less obvious (然而，你的碳足迹包括许多不那么明显的活动)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
前句“Taking small step to reduce your carbon footprint and saving energy is actually fairly simple.(采取小措施减少碳足迹和节省能源实际上相当简单)”提到减少碳足迹，节省能源很简单。后句“It requires the burning of fossil fuels to make the bottle, transport it, and get rid of it if it’s not recycled. (它需要燃烧化石燃料来制造瓶子，运输它，如果没有回收就处理掉)”说明生产、运输和处理塑料瓶会产生碳足迹，it指代B项中的“the use of bottled water”，举例说明减少碳足迹所采取的措施。所以选择项B“For instance, the use of bottled water leaves a rather significant carbon footprint(例如，使用瓶装水会留下相当大的碳足迹)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前句“Unplugging appliances that are not frequently in use is another way to reduce your carbon foot-print. (拔掉不经常使用的电器插头是减少碳足迹的另一种方法)”和后半句“most of them have a standby mode(待机模式)that wastes energy. (它们中的大多数都是待机模式，浪费能源)”可知，电器插头在不使用的时候也会产生碳足迹。所以选择项A“Even when these appliances are not in use (即使在这些电器不使用的时候)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后句“With easy steps, you are on your way to reducing the size of the carbon footprint left behind. (通过简单的步骤，你正在减少留下的碳足迹的大小)”可知，这里为文章总结。更少地使用能源就能够减少碳足迹。所以选择项G“In a word, less energy used means less greenhouses gas produced (总而言之，更少的能源使用意味着更少的温室气体产生)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A dear friend sent me a letter and a delicately handmade card in the mail today. On the outside of the card was a cut-out ____21____ of a bird and below was a quote, ____22____, “The world will be saved by beauty.” I smiled both with my face and my____23____.
Looking at it ____24____ me of all the beauty of this world. I thought about the beautiful, ____25____ forested mountains of my hometown. I thought of the fields of summer wild flowers ____26____ the world with their colors. I thought of the brilliant blue oceans that ____27____ from horizon to horizon. I thought of the sunsets in the desert with their deep, rich reds and glorious ____28____. I thought of the endless ____29____ of animals from green birds, to white polar bears, to gray wolves, to blinking lightening bugs etc. I thought of the silver moon ______30______ down from the sky surrounded by a(an) ______31______ of stars.
Yet, I knew that it wasn’t the beauty of any of these things that save the world. ______32______, it was the beauty of human souls filled with light and love that makes the world beautiful. It was these souls ______33______ of love that would save our planet. It was this sort of love that would ______34______ make this world the place it was ______35______ meant to be.
My friend sending me the card is one of these ______36______ people. She and her family are ______37______ so many unexpected obstacles and ______38______. Still, she continues to share her love and make this world a better place every single day. She continues to ______39______ her light with her life making others smile and Heaven sing. May we all do the ______40______.
21. A. gift B. picture C. parcel D. list
22. A. speaking B. writing C. saying D. stressing
23. A. head B. taste C. sound D. heart
24. A. warned B. reminded C. informed D. cured
25. A. bare B. remote C. potential D. green
26. A. blessing B. combining C. associating D. comparing
27. A. ranged B. changed C. went D. stretched
28. A. golds B. halls C. rooms D. baths
29. A. division B. variety C. imagination D. expectation
30. A. smiling B. turning C. breaking D. putting
31. A. area B. team C. piece D. sea
32. A. Actually B. Gradually C. Temporarily D. Specifically
33. A. free B. proud C. worthy D. full
34. A. in the end B. from now on C. on no account D. at the bottom
35. A. simply B. suitably C. truly D. rightly
36. A. good-looking B. kind-hearted C. good-tempered D. well-dressed
37. A. winning out B. getting hold of C. making use of D. going through
38. A. difficulties B. damages C. improvements D. doubts
39. A. send B. lift C. shine D. receive
40. A. same B. opposite C. deal D. deed
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。朋友的来信引发了作者的思考，究竟是什么让世界更美呢？作者发现，真正美丽的是人的心灵和灵魂。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡片的外面是一只剪纸鸟，下面是一句名言：“世界将被美丽拯救。”A. gift礼物；B. picture图片；C. parcel包裹；D. list清单。结合常识，根据上文“On the outside of the card”可知，能贴在卡片外面的东西只能是一张剪纸鸟的图片。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡片的外面是一只剪纸鸟，下面是一句名言：“世界将被美丽拯救。”A. speaking说；B. writing写；C. saying写着；D. stressing强调。根据下文直接引用名言“The world will be saved by beauty.”可知，卡片是写着名言。表示(告示、卡片等)写着……，用动词say。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出发自内心的微笑。A. head头；B. taste口味；C. sound声音；D. heart心脏，心。根据“I smiled both with my face”和常识可知，收到朋友精心制作的卡片和寄语，作者很高兴，微笑露在脸上，发自内心地开心。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着它，让我想起了这世上所有的美好。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. informed告知；D. cured治疗。根据下文中“I thought about…I thought of…I thought of…I thought of… I thought of…”可知，看着卡片让作者想起了这世上所有的美好。remind…of…让……想起……。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想到了家乡美丽的、绿树成荫的山脉。A. bare赤裸的；B. remote遥远的；C. potential潜在的；D. green绿色的。根据下文“forested mountains of my hometown.”可知，山是绿色的。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想起了夏天的田野，野花用它们的色彩祝福着世界。A. blessing降富，赐富； B. combining连接；C. associating联系；D. comparing比较。根据“the fields of summer wild flowers”可知，田野野花赋予了这个世界色彩，这是一种赐福。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想到了从地平线延伸到地平线的灿烂的蓝色海洋。A. ranged变化；B. changed改变；C. went走；D. stretched延伸。根据下文“from horizon to horizon.”可知，这是一种延伸。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了沙漠里日落，那深红灿烂的金色。A. golds金色；B. halls礼堂；C. rooms房间；D. baths沐浴。根据“I thought of the sunsets in the desert with their deep, rich reds”和常识可知，金色是落日的颜色。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想到了各种各样的动物，从绿色的鸟，到白色的北极熊，到灰色的狼，到闪烁的萤火虫等等。A. division部门；B. variety种类；C. imagination想象；D. expectation期待。根据下文“from green birds, to white polar bears, to gray wolves, to blinking lightening bugs etc.”列举不同种类动物可知，这里说动物的种类。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想起了银色的月亮在被繁星环绕的天空中微笑着。A. smiling微笑；B. turning转身；C. breaking打碎；D. putting放。根据段首“Looking at it ____4____ me of all the beauty of this world.”可知，作者想到的都是美好的东西，句中“月亮从天空微笑着俯看大地”充满诗意，符合语境。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了银色的月亮在被繁星环绕的天空中微笑着。A. area地区；B. team团队；C. piece件；D. sea海洋。根据“the sky surrounded by”可知，月亮置身于星空的海洋之中。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：其实，正是人类充满光明和爱的灵魂之美，让世界变得美丽。A. Actually事实上；B. Gradually渐渐地；C. Temporarily暂时地；D. Specifically特别地。根据上文“it wasn’t the beauty of any of these things that save the world.”中的否定可知，后句会告诉实际的原因。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正是这些充满爱的灵魂拯救了我们的星球。A. free自由的；B. proud自豪的；C. worthy值得的；D. full满的。根据上文“the beauty of human souls filled with light and love”可知，这些灵魂充满了爱。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：正是这种爱最终让这个世界成为它真正应该有的样子。A. in the end最后；B. from now on从现在开始；C. on no account绝不；D. at the bottom在底部。结合上文“It was these souls _____13_____ of love that would save our planet.”可知，世界变成现在的样子是结果，不是开始。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是这种爱最终让这个世界成为它真正应该有样子。A. simply简单地；B. suitably适当地；C. truly真正地；D. rightly恰当地。结合语境可知，我们真正希望看到的是一个美丽的世界，这种爱让他成为我们真正希望看到的样子。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给我寄贺卡的朋友就是这样一个善良的人。A. good-looking好看的；B. kind-hearted善良的；C. good-tempered脾气好的；D. well-dressed穿着考究的。上文提到“these souls 　　13　　 of love”和下文“she continues to share her love”可知，作者的朋友是其中一员，心中有爱，美好善良。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她和她的家人正在经历许多意想不到的障碍和困难。A. winning out获得成功；B. getting hold of得到；C. making use of利用；D. going through经历。根据下文“so many unexpected obstacles”可知，这里是“经受，经历”。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她和她的家人正在经历许多意想不到的障碍和困难。A. difficulties困难；B. damages伤害；C. improvements进步；D. doubts怀疑。空格处与“unexpected obstacles”是并列关系，属于同类词。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她继续用她的生命散发光芒，让别人微笑，让天堂歌唱。A. send发送；B. lift举起；C. shine闪耀；D. receive接收。本句与上文“she continues to share her love”结构上一致，语意上有相关性。设空处选“shine her light”与上文中“share her love”对应，讲她用自己的爱与光去为世界为他人带来美好。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：希望我们都能这样做。A. same一样的；B. opposite相反的；C. deal应对；D. deed行为。文章最后感悟，号召大家向作者的朋友学习，做同样的事情。故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing-based Xiaomi shipped ____41____ (many) smartphones worldwide than Apple during the second quarter of this year, ____42____ (go) beyond the iPhone maker for the first time, according to a report. Xiaomi was responsible for 17 percent of all smartphone shipments during the April through June period, while Apple shipped 14 percent, according to the report____43____ market analyst Canalys. Meanwhile, South Korean giant Samsung held onto the No.1, with 19 percent of shipments.
The report comes as Apple pushes high-end devices like the iPhone 12, some of ____44____ come with sticker prices of more than $ 1,000. Xiaomi, by contrast, sells phones that are 75 percent cheaper than iPhones and 40 percent cheaper than Samsung devices, giving____45____ company a leg up in the developing world, according to Canalys research manager Ben Stanton.
Though Samsung held onto the top in the second quarter, Xiaomi appears to be gaining____46____(popular) on and on. The Beijing-based company’s worldwide shipments increased by 83 percent year-over-year rapidly ____47____ (compare) to 15 percent at Samsung and 1 percent at Apple.
“Xiaomi already has its sights set on the next prize-taking the place of Samsung ____48____ (become) the world’s largest dealer,” said Stanton. “Xiaomi is growing its overseas business ____49____ (quick),” Stan-ton said, adding that its shipments increased more than 300 percent year-over-year in Latin America and 150 per-cent in Africa.
This is not the first time a Chinese phone maker_____50_____ (win) Apple. Shenzhen-based Huawei went beyond Apple in smartphone sales for the first time in 2018.
【答案】41. more
42. going 43. by
44. which 45. the
46. popularity
47. compared
48. to become
49. quickly
50. has won
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国的小米手机在全球市场占据了越来越大的份额，第一次超越了苹果手机。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：据一份报告显示，今年第二季度，总部位于北京的小米在全球的智能手机出货量超过了苹果，首次超过了苹果制造商。根据该句中的介词than可知，应用形容词比较级形式。故填more。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据一份报告显示，今年第二季度，总部位于北京的小米在全球的智能手机出货量超过了苹果，首次超过了苹果制造商。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Xiaomi与go之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填going。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：市场分析师Canalys的报告显示，4月至6月期间，小米占智能手机出货量的17%，而苹果占14%。根据句意可知，该报告是由分析公司制成的，表示执行者时，应用介词by。故填by。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这份报告发布之际，苹果正在推出iphone12这样的高端产品，其中一些售价超过1000美元。分析句子结构可知，这里是非限定性定语从句，先行词为high-end devices，指物，且定语从句中介词of后面缺少宾语，只能用which不能用that。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：相比之下，据Canalys研究经理Ben Stanton称，小米销售的手机比iphone便宜75%，比三星手机便宜40%，这让该公司在发展中国家占据了优势。这里特指Xiaomi公司，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然三星在第二季度保持领先，但小米的人气似乎正在不断增长。该空前为动词gain获得，后接名词作宾语，应用popular的名词形式。故填popularity。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这家总部位于北京的公司的全球出货量同比增长了83%，相比之下，三星和苹果分别增长了15%和1%。根据句意可知，此处是将小米的全球出货量与苹果、三星的全球出货量进行比较，compare的逻辑主语是主句主语The Beijing-based company’s worldwide shipments，且二者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，作状语。故填compared。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“小米已经瞄准了下一个目标：取代三星成为全球最大的经销商”，斯坦顿说。根据句意可知，此处表示小米的目的，应使用动词不定式表示目的，作状语。故填to become。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：“小米的海外业务正在迅速增长，”斯坦顿说，并补充说，小米在拉丁美洲的出货量同比增长了300%，在非洲的出货量同比增长了150%。该空修饰该句中谓语动词，应用副词，作状语。故填quickly。
【50题详解】
考查时态。句意：这不是中国手机制造商第一次赢得苹果。句型it is the first time that sb. has/have done sth.表示“这是某人第一次做某事”，其中主句用一般现在时，从句用现在完成时，且从句的主语是a Chinese phone maker，为第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has won。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I am in high school, there was an time when I failed to recognize the importance of learning. I even thought useless to study at school. And my English teacher Lester made me to change my mind. He provided a new view of learning for us and tried hardly to pull us out of our comfort zone. He opened our eyes to a world big than before. And we realized that learn could be more than just knowledge from text-books and endless home works. I want to express my sincere thanks to him, without who I can’t be a strong-willed person.
【答案】1.am→was
2.an→a
3.在useless前面加it
4.And→But
5.去掉to
6.hardly→hard
7.big→bigger
8.learn→learning
9.homeworks→homework
10.who→whom


【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在上高中的时候刚开始没有意识到学习的重要性，是他的英语老师帮助他改变了这种观念，让他变成了一个意志坚强的人。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：当我在高中的时候，有一段时间我没有意识到学习的重要性。根据句意可知，作者在高中的时候没有认识到学习的重要性，所以句子为一般过去时态。故将am改为was。
2.考查冠词。句意：当我在高中的时候，有一段时间我没有意识到学习的重要性。time为辅音音素开始的单词，所以前面的不定冠词需要a。故将an改为a。
3.考查形式宾语。句意：我甚至认为在学校学习是无用的。本题考查固定句型“think it+adj.+to do sth.”，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。故在useless前面加it。
4.考查连词。句意：但我的英语老师莱斯特让我改变了主意。根据语境可知，作者认为学习无用，但是他的英语老师改变了他的想法，前后为转折关系。故将And改为But。
5.考查固定搭配。句意：但我的英语老师莱斯特让我改变了主意。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”。故将to去掉。
6.考查副词。句意：他为我们提供了一种新的学习观，并努力把我们从舒适区拉出来。hardly为副词“几乎不”，而本句是老师努力的把他们从舒适区拉出来。hard为副词“努力地”。故将hardly改为hard。
7.考查形容词的比较级。句意：他让我们看到了一个比以前更大的世界。根据than可知，前面的形容词需要比较级。故将big改为bigger。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们意识到学习不仅仅是从课本和无尽的家庭作业中获得的知识。分析句子结构可知，that从句中需要动名词作主语。故将learn改为learning。
9.考查不可数名词。句意：我们意识到学习不仅仅是从课本和无尽的家庭作业中获得的知识。homework为不可数名词，所以不用复数。故将homeworks改为homework。
10.考查定语从句。句意：我想向他表示衷心的感谢，没有他我就不能成为一个意志坚强的人。分析句子结构可知，“without who I can’t be a strong-willed person”为定语从句，修饰先行词him，在定语从句中作介词without的宾语，所以只能用whom，不能用who。故将whom改为who。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，最近收到美国笔友Cathy的邮件说自己寒假要来中国旅游，希望你能介绍一处中国著名的景点。请你根据以下要点，给她回封邮件。内容包括：
1. 景点名称；2. 地点、历史、文化；3. 景色介绍；4. 参观建议。
提示：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 词数不少于100词。
Dear Cathy,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Cathy,
I’m writing to tell you something about one of the most famous tourist attractions in China. The Great Wall comes first in my mind.
The Great Wall came into being during the Zhou Dynasty and reached its best in the Ming Dynasty, when it worked as a defense against enemies. With a history of over 2,000 years, it runs like a huge dragon across North China. And now it’s a world-famous place of interest. It’s almost a must for foreigners to visit in China. By the way, you’d better avoid weekends or holidays, when it is too crowded with tourists, so as to enjoy its beauty more peacefully.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友Cathy回封邮件，向她介绍一处中国著名的旅游景点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
形成： come into being→ take shape
名胜古迹：attractions→ places of interest
以便：so as to → in order to
期待：look forward to→ expect
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：And now it’s a world-famous place of interest. It’s almost a must for foreigners to visit in China.
拓展句：Now not only is it a world-famous place of interest but also it’s almost a must for foreigners to visit in China.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The Great Wall came into being during the Zhou Dynasty and reached its best in the Ming Dynasty, when it worked as a defense against enemies.（运用了由when引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] By the way, you’d better avoid weekends or holidays, when it is too crowded with tourists, so as to enjoy its beauty more peacefully.（运用了由when引导的非限制性定语从句和so as to作目的状语）
听力答案：1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B