2022-2023学年上海市市西中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年上海市市西中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版），共20页。

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II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The Stry Behind Sherlck Hlmes
Every year, thusands f peple visit ne f the wrld’s mst famus addresses: 221B Baker Street, Lndn. It is famus ____1____ being the place where the fictinal detective Sherlck Hlmes lived in the well-knwn stries by Sir Arthur Cnan Dyle.
A lt f peple are s taken with the stries ____2____ they frget Sherlck Hlmes wasn’t a real persn and therefre didn’t ever actually live at the address. In fact, there was n huse there when Cnan Dyle wrte the stries. S, ____3____ Sherlck Hlmes was a made-up character, why d s many peple think f him like a real persn?
It is ften said that the character Sherlck Hlmes was based n a real persn named Benjamin Bell, a frensic surgen (法医) fr ____4____ Cnan Dyle wrked as a clerk at the Edinburgh Ryal infirmary.
Sherlck Hlmes’ prblem-slving ability and pwers f bservatin are based n the surgen. Bell was even called n by the plice ____5____ (jin) several investigatin, just as Sherlck Hlmes did.
Cnan Dyle fund the inspiratin fr the name f his famus detective elsewhere, thugh. He was an expert cricket player and cmbined the names f tw ther well-knwn players, Shacklck and Sherwin, t make the name “Sherlck”.
Besides, ____6____ makes the character seem like a real persn is his distinctive habits. He rarely ate breakfast and had three pipes which he enjyed smking. ____7____ his famus methds fr slving mysteries started in fictin, many f them became part f mdern-day plicing.
Althugh the character is made-up, mst f the lcatins are real. One f Cnan Dyle’s strengths as an authr is describing a Lndn that seems s real t the readers. Mst f the famus lcatins in the bks are in Lndn and Sherlck Hmes fans lve t visit the lcatins in the bks and thse ____8____ (use) later in the mvies.
【答案】1. fr 2. that
3. since##if
4 whm 5. t jin
6. what 7. althugh##thugh##while
8. used
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是关于福尔摩斯背后的故事。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是著名的地方，在阿瑟·柯南·道尔爵士的著名故事中，虚构侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯就住在这里。be famus fr意为“因为……而出名”，故填fr。
【2题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：很多人对这些故事太着迷了，以至于他们忘记了夏洛克·福尔摩斯不是真人，因此根本就没有住在这个地址。是固定搭配，引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”，故填that。
【3题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：那么，如果或既然夏洛克·福尔摩斯是一个虚构的人物，为什么那么多人会把他当成真人呢？分析句子结构可知，该空须填连词引导状语从句，结合上下文含义，此处应用“既然（since）”引导原因状语从句，或用“如果（if）”来引导条件状语从句，故填since/if。
【4题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：人们常说，夏洛克·福尔摩斯这个角色是根据一个名叫本杰明·贝尔的真人改编的，他是一名法医，柯南·道尔曾为他在爱丁堡皇家医务室担任文员。分析句子结构可知，该处是“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，先行词是Benjamin Bell, a frensic surgen，指人，关系词在从句中做介词fr的宾语，用关系代词whm，故填whm。
【5题详解】
考查不定式。句意：贝尔甚至被警方传唤参加几次调查，就像夏洛克·福尔摩斯一样。根据句子结构及含义，该处表目的，用不定式形式，故填t jin。
【6题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：此外，让人物看起来像真实的人是他与众不同的习惯。分析句子结构可知，该空引导主语从句，且从句中缺主语，缺含义，表示“……的东西”，用连接代词what，故填what。
【7题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：尽管他解决问题的方法起源于神秘小说，其中很多已成为现代警务的一部分。分析句子可知，该处引导让步状语从句，表示尽管（althugh/thugh/while），故填althugh/thugh/while。
【8题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：书中大多数著名景点都在伦敦，夏洛克·福尔摩斯的粉丝喜欢去书中的地点以及后来在电影中使用的地点。分析句子结构可知，该空作后置定语，thse指代地点（lcatins），逻辑主语thse和非谓语动词use被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故填used。
Sectin B
(A)
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The White Flag: An Old Symbl Take n a New Meaning
Raising a plain white flag has histrically been cnsidered a symbl f surrender (投降). But recently, in Malaysia, the white flag has taken n a new meaning. In July 2021, a scial media mvement encuraged peple wh had truble making ends meet t use a white flag t ____9____ fr help. This was the beginning f the white flag mvement.
Like mst cuntries, Malaysia has been ____10____ hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Fllwing a gvernment-____11____ lckdwn n June 1, many peple culdn’t find wrk. The lcal news began reprting stries f peple wh were living n a single meal a day. The ____12____ f lckdwn als led t an increase in mental health prblems. But ____13____ was n the way.
In July, a businesswman made a pst nline that encuraged Malaysians wh needed aid t raise a white flag utside their huse. The pst was ____14____ ver 20,000 times in 24 hurs. Peple made Facebk grups and started psting phts f grceries that they culd dnate as well as addresses f thse in ____15____.
The mvement quickly gained attentin. When 20 white flags were raised in a fishing village the lcal fire department prvided fd and supplies. A grcery stre chain even asked peple t reprt white flag s it culd send fd t ____16____ families.
The white flag mvement shws that even in the face f ____17____, peple will help each ther ut. In Malaysia, the white flag is n lnger a symbl f surrender: it nw stands fr _____18_____.
【答案】9. H 10. B
11. E 12. F
13. A 14. G
15. D 16. I
17. C 18. K
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在马来西亚，白旗不再是投降的象征，它有了新的意义，它代表团结，代表人们的互帮互助。
【9题详解】
考查动词。句意：2021年7月，一场社交媒体运动鼓励那些入不敷出的人使用白旗发出求救信号。根据句意可知，使用白旗是为了发出求救信号，“signal”意为“发信号”，动词词性，符合语境，不定式符号“t”后接动词原形，故空格处应填“signal”。故选H项。
【10题详解】
考查动词和被动语态。句意：与大多数国家一样，马来西亚受到新冠肺炎疫情的严重打击。根据句意可知，句中指马来西亚受到新冠肺炎疫情的严重打击，“hit”意为“打击”，动词词性，符合语境，句子为现在完成时的被动语态，“hit”的过去分词为“hit”，故空格处应填“hit”。故选B项。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在6月1日政府下令封锁之后，许多人找不到工作。分析句子可知，“lckdwn”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，根据句意可知，空格处应用“rdered”，意为“精心安排的，组织有序的”，形容词词性，“gvernment-rdered”意为“政府下令的”，符合语境，故空格处应填“rdered”。故选E项。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：封锁的压力也导致了心理健康问题的增加。但援助正在进行中。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作主语，根据句意可知，封锁给人们造成了压力，“pressure”意为“压力”，为不可数名词，符合语境，故空格处应填“pressure”。故选F项。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：封锁的压力也导致了心理健康问题的增加。但援助正在进行中。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作主语，根据下文内容可知，人们给有需要的人捐赠了食物，由此可知，援助正在进行中，“assistance”意为“援助”，为不可数名词，符合语境，故空格处应填“assistance”。故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查动词和被动语态。句意：该帖子在24小时内被分享了超过20000次。根据句意可知，句中指帖子被分享了超过20000次，“share”意为“分享”，动词词性，符合语境，句子为一般过去时的被动语态，“share”的过去分词为“shared”，故空格处应填“shared”。故选G项。
【15题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：人们建立了Facebk群组，并开始发布他们可以捐赠的食品杂货照片以及需要帮助的人的地址。根据句意可知，句中指发布了需要帮助的人的地址，“in need”意为“在贫困中，在危难中”，符合语境，故空格处应填“need”。故选D项。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一家连锁杂货店甚至要求人们报道白旗，这样就可以把食物送到饥饿的家庭。分析句子可知，“families”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，根据文章内容可知，是把食物送到饥饿的家庭，“starving”意为“饥饿的，饿极了的”，形容词词性，符合语境，故空格处应填“starving”。故选I项。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：白旗运动表明，即使面对绝望，人们也会互相帮助。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作宾语，根据文章内容可知，句中指即使面对绝望，人们也会互相帮助，“hpelessness”意为“绝望”，为不可数名词，符合语境，故空格处应填“hpelessness”。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：在马来西亚，白旗不再是投降的象征：它现在代表团结。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作宾语，根据文章内容可知，在马来西亚，白旗现在代表团结， “unity”意为“团结”，为不可数名词，符合语境，故空格处应填“unity”。故选K项。
(B)
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
19. What is funny in China is that yu have t ________ t buy almst anything.
20. In pverty-stricken areas, the children are in ________ need f lve and attentin.
21. In mst scenic spts in China, children, students and the elderly are ________ t cheap tickets.
22. Additinally, chimps were endangered because many f them were ________ with HIV r ther viruses fr the sake f medical science.
23. The ppularity f the hats has been n the ________, but we can still see them n varius ryal ccasins including weddings and christenings.
24. The rise in the term “man-spreading” is assciated with emergence f mbile cmmunicatin technlgy, which allws cmmuters(上下班的人)t cmment n events they ________ n their jurney.
25. Dr. Teach-man recmmends a three-step ________ t handling the pst-pandemic stress: acknwledge, find alternatives and then make a plan.
26. We can draw a cnclusin that the alarm system didn’t ________ when the painting were stlen.
【答案】19. G 20. F
21. D 22. E
23. A 24. B
25. C 26. I
【解析】
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：在中国有趣的是，你几乎购买任何东西都需要讨价还价。分析句子可知，have t d sth为固定搭配，意为“必须做某事”，结合语境和常识，在中国人们习惯买东西的事讨价还价，应使用动词原形bargain。故选G项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在贫困地区，孩子们迫切需要关爱和关注。分析句子可知，此处需要用形容词修饰后面的名词need，且in desperate need f 为固定词组，意为“急需”，结合句意和常识可知，贫困地区的留守儿童急需关爱，符合语境。故选F项。
【21题详解】
考查动词。句意：在中国大多数景区，儿童、学生和老人都有权获得便宜的门票。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词，有前面的are可知，此处应使用被动语态，结合句意，儿童、学生和老人可凭相关证件买便宜的门票，这是他们的权利，entitle意为“使…有权利”，符合语境。人们是被赋予权利，要使用被动语态形式，即be entitled。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：此外，黑猩猩濒临灭绝，因为它们中的许多人因为医学而感染了艾滋病毒或其他病毒。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词，有前面的were可知，此处应使用被动语态，结合句意，黑猩猩是被感染上病毒， infected符合语境。故选E项。
【23题详解】
考查名词。句意：帽子的受欢迎程度一直在递减，但我们仍然可以在各种皇室场合看到它们，包括婚礼和洗礼。结合语境，but表转折，由后文仍在正式场合可以见到可知，前文应该表示the ppularity f the hats在递减。n the decline为固定搭配，意为“在走下坡路；在衰退中”，符合语境。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词。句意：“人际传播”一词的兴起与移动通信技术的出现有关，移动通信技术使得上下班的通勤者评论他们在旅途中遇到的事件。分析句子结构可知，在which引导非限制性定语从句中，event后面是一个省略关系代词的定语从句，句中缺少动词，结合语境，通勤者们会讨论自己路途中遇到的事情，encunter意为“遇到, 遭遇”符合语境。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词。句意：Dr. Teach-man建议采取三步法来处理大流行后的压力：承认，找到替代方案，然后制定计划。分析句子结构可知， three-step后面要接名词来修饰它，结合后文的acknwledge, find alternatives and then make a plan可知，是三个步骤的方法。apprach意为“方式，方法”，符合语境。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们可以得出结论，当画作被盗时，警报系统压根没有用。分析句子结构可知，此处缺谓语动词，结合句意，画作被盗说明报警系统没有发挥作用，functin意为“运行，起作用”，符合语境。故选I项。
III. Reading Cmprehensins
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage, there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Funded in 1880, the jurnal Science nwadays cntinues t publish the very best in research acrss the sciences. It is ____27____ an extra rund f statistical (数据的) checks t its peer-review prcess, editr-in-chief Marcia McNutt annunced tday. The plicy fllws similar effrts frm ther jurnals, after widespread cncern that basic mistakes in data analysis are ____28____ the irre-prducibility (不可复制) f many published research findings.
“Readers must have ____29____ in the cnclusins published in ur jurnal,” writes McNutt in an editrial. Wrking with the American Statistical Assciatin, the jurnal has ____30____ seven experts t a statistics bard f reviewing editrs (SBRE). Manuscripts will be flagged up fr additinal scrutiny (审查) by the jurnal’s internal editrs, r by its existing Bard f Reviewing Editrs r by ____31____ peer reviews. The SBRE panel will then find external statisticians t ____32____ these manuscripts.
Asked whether any particular papers had ____33____ the change, McNutt said: “The creatin f the ‘statistics bard’ was mtivated by cncerns ____34____ with the applicatin statistics and data analysis in scientific research. And it is part f Science’s verall ____35____ t increase re-prducibility in the research we publish.”
Givanni Parmigiani, a bi-statistician at the Harvard Schl f Public Health, a member f the SBRE grup, says he _____36_____ the bard t “play primarily a cnsultive rle”. He agreed t jin because he “fund the fresight behind the establishment f the SBRE t be _____37_____, unique and likely t have a lasting impact. This impact will nt nly be thrugh the publicatins in Science itself, but hpefully thrugh a larger grup f publishing places that may want t _____38_____ their apprach after Science.
Prfessinal scientists are expected t knw hw t analyze data. _____39_____, statistical errrs are alarmingly cmmn in published research, accrding t David Vaux, a cell bilgist at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute f Medical Research in Parkvilie, Australia. Researchers shuld imprve their standards, he wrte in Nature in 2012, but jurnals shuld als take a(n) _____40_____ line. Vaux says that Science’s idea t pass sme papers t statisticians “has sme merit, but a weakness is that it relies n the bard f reviewing editrs t _____41_____ the papers that need scrutiny in the first place.”
27. A. annuncingB. addingC. prmtingD. advertising
28. A. resulting frmB. putting frwardC. calling nD. leading t
29. A. cnfidenceB. mtivatinC. suspicinD. justice
30. A. rejectedB. appintedC. transprtedD. blamed
31. A. cnsiderateB. remteC. utsideD. indirect
32. A. gatherB. reviewC. cmpareD. qualify
33. A. stimulatedB. revlutinizedC. judgedD. resisted
34. A. frtunatelyB. negativelyC. bradlyD. autmatically
35. A. evaluatinB. driveC. fuelD. trick
36. A. permittedB. frcedC. rderedD. expected
37. A. thughtlessB. amusingC. freshD. prfitable
38. A. mdelB. recrdC. dnateD. exchange
39. A. FurthermreB. InsteadC. HweverD. Cnsequently
40. A. deeperB. tugherC. fartherD. thinner
41. A. remveB. infrmC. adjustD. identify
【答案】27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 41. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了《科学》杂志将组建统计评审编辑委员会，在同行评审过程中增加一轮额外的数据检查。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：总编辑玛西亚·麦克纳特今天宣布，它将在同行评审过程中增加一轮额外的数据检查。A. annuncing宣布；B. adding增加；C. prmting促进；D. advertising登广告。根据句中“an extra rund f statistical (数据的) checks”可知，这一轮数据检查是额外增加的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：其他期刊也采取了类似的措施，因为人们普遍担心数据分析中的基本错误正导致许多已发表的研究成果不可复制。A. resulting frm由于；B. putting frward提出；C. calling n号召；D. leading t导致。根据句中“basic mistakes in data analysis”可推知，数据分析中的错误可能会导致问题。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“读者必须对我们杂志上发表的结论有信心，”麦克纳特在一篇社论中写道。A. cnfidence自信；B. mtivatin动力；C. suspicin怀疑；D. justice公平。根据第一段“editr-in-chief Marcia McNutt”可知，Marcia McNutt是《科学》杂志总编辑，所以他要保证读者对《科学》杂志中的结论充满信心。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该杂志与美国统计协会合作，任命了7名专家进入统计评审编辑委员会。A. rejected拒绝；B. appinted任命，委派；C. transprted运输；D. blamed谴责。根据句中“seven experts t a statistics bard f reviewing editrs”可知，《科学》杂志任命了7名专家加入评审编辑委员会。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：稿件将被标记出来，接受杂志内部编辑、现有的评审编辑委员会或外部同行评审的额外审查。A. cnsiderate体贴的；B. remte遥远的；C. utside外部的；D. indirect间接的。根据下文“The SBRE panel will then find external statisticians”可知，除了杂志内部编辑和现有评审编辑委员会评审，还有外部同行评审机制。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，该委员会将寻找外部统计学家来审查这些原稿。A. gather聚集；B. review审查；C. cmpare比较；D. qualify取得资格。根据上文“the jurnal has 4 seven experts t a statistics bard f reviewing editrs”和“Manuscripts will be flagged up fr additinal scrutiny (审查)”可知，这些原稿需要接受外部统计学家的审查。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及是否有特定的论文促成这一改变时，麦克纳特说：“统计委员会”的创立是出于对科学研究中的应用统计和数据分析的广泛关注。A. stimulated促进，激发；B. revlutinized改革；C. judged判断；D. resisted抵制。根据下文“The creatin f the ‘statistics bard’ was mtivated by cncerns 8 with the applicatin statistics and data analysis in scientific research.”可知，McNutt解释了建立统计委员会的原因，由此推知，他被问及的问题是是否有特定的论文促成这一改变。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当被问及是否有特定的论文促成这一改变时，麦克纳特说：“统计委员会”的创立是出于对科学研究中的应用统计和数据分析的广泛关注。A. frtunately幸运地；B. negatively消极地；C. bradly广泛地；D. autmatically自动地。根据句中“the ‘statistics bard’ was mtivated by cncerns”可知，McNutt在解释建立统计委员会的原因，由此推知，只有问题得到广泛关注才能促成变革。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是《科学》杂志提高我们发表的研究的可再生产性的整体驱动力的一部分。A. evaluatin评价；B. drive驱动力；C. fuel燃料；D. trick花招。根据句中“t increase re-prducibility in the research”可知，提高研究的可再生产性是《科学》杂志的驱动力。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈佛大学公共卫生学院的生物统计学家、SBRE小组成员Givanni Parmigiani表示，他希望该委员会“主要发挥咨询作用”。A. permitted允许；B. frced强迫；C. rdered命令；D. expected期待。根据句中“t ‘play primarily a cnsultive rle’”可知，这是Givanni Parmigiani对统计委员会的期望。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他之所以同意加入，是因为他“发现建立SBRE背后的远见卓识是新颖的、独特的，可能会产生持久的影响。”。A. thughtless轻率的；B. amusing有趣的；C. fresh新颖的，独创的；D. prfitable盈利的。根据句中“fresight”和“unique”可推知，建立统计评审编辑委员会的是具有前瞻性的、新颖的、独特的。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种影响将不仅仅是通过《科学》杂志自己发表的论文产生作用，而且有望通过更大的、可能想要效仿《科学》杂志的方法出版机构来产生作用。A. mdel模仿、仿照；B. recrd记录；C. dnate捐赠；D. exchange交换。根据句中“after Science”可知，其他出版机构会效仿《科学》杂志的做法。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，澳大利亚帕克维尔沃尔特和伊丽莎霍尔医学研究所的细胞生物学家David Vaux说，在已发表的研究中，统计错误非常普遍，令人担忧。A. Furthermre此外；B. Instead相反；C. Hwever然而；D. Cnsequently因此。上文说专业科学家知道如何分析数据，下文讲在已发表的研究中，统计错误仍非常普遍，上下文有转折关系。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在2012年的《自然》杂志上写道，研究人员应该提高他们的标准，但期刊也应该采取更严厉的立场。A. deeper更深的；B. tugher更严厉的；C. farther更远的；D. thinner较薄的。上文讲研究人员应该提高论文标准，结合空前als可知，上下文是并列关系，因此，期刊也应该采取更严厉的审核态度。故选B项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：克斯说，《科学》杂志把一些论文交给统计学家的想法“有一定的优点，但缺点是它依赖于审查编辑委员会来确定首先需要审查的论文。A. remve移开；B. infrm告知；C. adjust调整；D. identify确认。根据下文“the papers that need scrutiny in the first place”可知，审查编辑委员会需要先确认哪些论文要审查。故选D项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing tw passage. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
As Ginni Bazlintn reached Antarctica, she fund herself greeted by a grup f little Gent penguins lnging t say hell. These gentle, lvely gatekeepers welcmed her and kick-started what was t be a trip Ginni wuld never frget.
Ever since her childhd, Ginni, nw 71, has had a deep lve fr travel. Thrughut her career as a prfessinal dancer, she tured in the UK, but always lnged t explre further. When she retired frm dancing and her sns eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time t take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began t travel the wrld, eventually getting wrk teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discvered she culd get last-minute cheap deals n ships ging t Antarctica frm the islands ff Tierra del Fuge, the suthernmst tip f the Suth American mainland. “I just decided I wanted t g,” she says. “I had n idea abut what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervus. I just wanted t d it. And I wanted t d it alne as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni barded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met befre, t begin the jurney twards Antarctica. “Frm seeing the wildlife t witnessing sunrises, the whle experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impressin n me that n ther place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rse ut f the water like sme prehistric creature and I thught it was smiling at us. Yu culd still hear the peratic sunds it was making underwater. ”
The realizatin that this is a precius land, t be respected by humans, was ne f the biggest things that hit hme t Ginni.
42. Which f the fllwing best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Bring back lst memries.B. Take a degree.
C. Try challenging things.D. Stick t a prmise.
43. What made Ginni decide n the trip t Antarctica?
A. Lvely penguinsB. A discunt fare.
C. Beautiful scenery.D. A friend’s invitatin.
44. What des Ginni think abut Antarctica after the jurney?
A. It culd be a hme fr her.B. It shuld be easily accessible.
C. It needs t be fully intrduced.D. It shuld be well preserved.
45. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A childhd dream.B. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
C. Sailing arund the wrld.D. An unfrgettable travel experience.
【答案】42. C 43. B 44. D 45. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了Ginni Bazlintn去南极洲旅行的难忘经历。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段关键句“Thrughut her career as a prfessinal dancer, she tured in the UK, but always lnged t explre further.(在她的职业舞蹈生涯中，她在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索)”及“When she retired frm dancing and her sns eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time(当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们也最终离开了家，她决定是时候)”结合下文Ginni的探索南极洲经历可知，Ginni决定在停止跳舞和儿子们离开家后尝试探索南极洲，这是一种新的挑战，画线短语意为“尝试一些新的挑战”。故选C项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“And it was in Chile she discvered she culd get last-minute cheap deals n ships ging t Antarctica frm the islands ff Tierra del Fuge, the suthernmst tip f the Suth American mainland.(在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从南美大陆最南端的Tierra del Fuge附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，打折船票让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行。故选B项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The realizatin that this is a precius land, t be respected by humans, was ne f the biggest things that hit hme t Ginni.(Ginni意识到这是一片珍贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是她感触最深的事情之一)”可知，Ginni认为南极洲应该被好好保护。故选D项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As Ginni Bazlintn reached Antarctica, she fund herself greeted by a grup f little Gent penguins lnging t say hell. These gentle, lvely gatekeepers welcmed her and kick-started what was t be a trip Ginni wuld never frget.(当Ginni Bazlintn到达南极洲时，她发现一群渴望打招呼的小巴布亚企鹅向她打招呼。这些温柔可爱的看门者欢迎她，开始了Ginni永生难忘的旅行)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了Ginni Bazlintn去南极旅行的难忘经历。故选D项。
(B)
Wrking at the British Museum
Current vacancies
We are always lking fr talented peple t jin us in jbs frm visitr assistants t curatrs, scientists t administratrs, sales assistants t fundraisers. We aim t create a wrking envirnment in which all individuals can make best use f their skills, free frm unlawful discriminatin r harassment (骚扰). We als ffer a wide-ranging benefits package, which yu can view by clicking n the benefits tab abve.
If yu want t find ut mre abut a specific vacancy, click n the jb title in the list f current vacancies in the British Museum r the British Museum Cmpany belw. Yu can als lg in t cntinue and track a previus applicatin. Yu can use the search functin n the bttm left f this tab t search fr jbs accrding t their lcatin, jb categry r emplyment type.
Hw t apply
T apply fr a jb, yu need t register an accunt. Once yu have an accunt yu can use this t apply fr any jb by lgging in t the candidate area using yur email address and chsen passwrd.
As part f any recruitment prcess, the British Museum cllects and prcesses persnal data relating t jb applicants. The Museum is cmmitted t being transparent abut hw it cllects and uses that data and t meeting its data prtectin bligatins. Yu can find further infrmatin n this subject n the jb applicant privacy ntice tab.
If yur applicatin is successful yu will be subject t relevant disclsure checks fr the jb. Yu will als be required t prvide evidence f yur right t wrk in the UK.
Yu can apply fr a jb by clicking n the crrespnding jb title. Yu can resume an applicatin which yu have started but are yet t finish. The nline applicatin frm has been designed s that yu can save, review and amend it, befre submissin.
Selectin
Once we receive yur applicatin it will be reviewed and evaluated. If yu are shrtlisted fr the jb yu will be invited t an interview: this culd be a telephne interview, a face-t-face interview r in the frmat f an assessment centre, depending n the psitin yu are applying fr. If yur applicatin is unsuccessful we will cntact yu t let yu knw.
We usually perate a tw-stage interview prcess depending n the jb yu have applied fr. Fr certain jbs yu may als he asked t undertake an exercise t demnstrate yur suitability fr the psitin.
All vacancies will clse at 12 nn n the clsing date and late applicatins will nt be accepted. If yu have further queries, please cntact the Museum’s Human Resurces department n 020 73238396 r bmrecruit@britishmuseum.rg.
46. Yu cannt search a jb n this website by ________.
A. emplyment typeB. jb categryC. salaryD. lcatin
47. If yu want t explre mre abut the transparency f the data cllecting, yu can click n the ________ tab.
A. current vacanciesB. jb applicant privacy ntice
C. benefitsD. vlunteer
48. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. The Museum prmtes equality fr its staff and jb applicants.
B. When submitted, the nline applicatin frm can’t be revised.
C. The Museum will cntact yu nly if yur applicatin is successful.
D. The candidates will g thrugh a telephne interview and then a face-t-face ne.
【答案】46. C 47. B 48. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为应用文。文章介绍了大英博物馆的招聘网站的相关信息：目前的空缺职位、申请方式和面试方式。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据Current vacancies部分的第二段“Yu can use the search functin n the bttm left f this tab t search fr jbs accrding t their lcatin, jb categry r emplyment type. (您可以使用此选项卡左下角的搜索功能根据位置、工作类别或就业类型搜索工作。)”可知，可通过搜索位置、工作类别就业类型在该网站找到对应的职位，即salary是不行的。故选C项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t apply部分的第二段第二三两句“The Museum is cmmitted t being transparent abut hw it cllects and uses that data and t meeting its data prtectin bligatins. Yu can find further infrmatin n this subject n the jb applicant privacy ntice tab. (博物馆致力于在收集和使用这些数据方面保持透明，并履行其数据保护义务。您可以在求职者隐私声明选项卡上找到有关此主题的更多信息。)”可知，在jb applicant privacy ntice tab上可以找到更多信息。故选B项。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t apply部分的第四段最后一句“The nline applicatin frm has been designed s that yu can save, review and amend it, befre submissin. (在线申请表的设计使您可以在提交之前保存，查看和修改它。)”可知，在线表格提交之前可以修改，即提交之后就不可修改了。故选B项。
(C)
The questin f whether ur gvernment shuld prmte science and technlgy r the liberal arts in higher educatin isn’t an either/r prpsitin (命题) althugh the current emphasis n preparing yung Americans fr STEM (science, technlgy, engineering, maths) - related fields can make it seem that way.
The latest cngressinal reprt acknwledge the critical imprtance f technical training but als argues that the study f the humanities and scial sciences must remain central cmpnents f America’s educatinal system at all levels. Bth are critical t prducing citizens wh can participate effectively in ur demcratic sciety, becme innvative leaders, and benefit frm the spiritual enrichment that the reflectin n the great ideas f mankind ver time prvides.
Parents and students wh have invested heavily in higher educatin wrry abut graduates’ jb prspects as technlgical advances and changes in dmestic and glbal markets transfrm prfessins in ways that reduce wages and cut jbs. Under these circumstances, it’s natinal t lk fr what may appear t be the mst “practical” way ut f the prblem. “Majr in a subject designed t get yu a jb” seems the bvius answer t sme, thugh this ignres the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “sft” ften, in fact, lead t emplyment and success in the lng run. Indeed, accrding t surveys, emplyers have expressed a preference fr students wh have received a bradly-based educatin that has taught them t write well, think critically, research creatively, and cmmunicate easily.
Mrever, students shuld be prepared nt just fr their first jb, but fr their 4th and 5th jbs, as there’s little reasn t dubt that peple entering the wrkfrce tday will be called upn t play many different rles ver the curse f their careers. The nes wh will d the best in this new envirnment will be thse whse educatins have prepared them t be flexible. The ability t draw upn every available tl and insight - picked up frm science, arts, and technlgy - t slve the prblems f the future, and take advantage f the pprtunities that present themselves, will be helpful t them and the United States.
49. What des the latest cngressinal reprt suggest?
A. STEM-related subjects help students find jbs in the infrmatin sciety.
B. Higher educatin shuld be adjust ed t the practical needs f sciety.
C. The liberal arts in higher educatin help enrich students’ spiritual life.
D. The humanities and STEM subjects shuld be given equal imprtance.
50. What is the main cncern f students when they chse a majr?
A. Their chances f getting a gd jb.
B. The academic value f the curses.
C. The quality f educatin t receive.
D. Their interest in relevant subjects.
51. What kind f jb applicants d emplyers lk fr?
A. Thse wh have a strng sense f respnsibility.
B. Thse wh are gd at slving practical prblems.
C. Thse wh have received a well-runded educatin.
D. Thse wh are likely t becme innvative leaders.
52. What advice des the authr give t cllege students?
A. Seize pprtunities t tap their ptential.
B. Try t take a variety f practical curses.
C. Prepare themselves fr different jb ptins.
D. Chse a flexible jb.
【答案】49. D 50. A 51. C 52. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。最新的国会报告建议人文学科和科学、技术、工程学科应该同等重要，指出这两个领域都是培养公民的关键。作者也表达了自己对于选择人文还是科学、技术、工程学科的看法。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The latest cngressinal reprt acknwledge the critical imprtance f technical training, but als argues that the study f the humanities and scial sciences must remain central cmpnents f America’s educatinal system at all levels.(最新的国会报告承认技术培训的关键重要性，但也认为人文和社会科学的研究必须保持美国各级教育系统的核心组成部分。)”可知，最新的国会报告说明人文学科和STEM学科应该被同等重视。故选D。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““Majr in a subject designed t get yu a jb” seems the bvius answer t sme(对一些人来说，“主修一个能让你找到工作的专业”似乎是显而易见的答案)”可知，学生们在选择专业时最关心的是找到一份好工作的机会。故选A。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“emplyers have expressed a preference fr students wh have received a bradly-based educatin that has taught them t write well, think critically, research creatively, and cmmunicate easily(雇主们表示，他们更青睐那些受过广泛教育的学生，这些教育教会了他们良好的写作能力、批判性思维能力、创造性研究能力和轻松沟通能力)”可知，雇主寻找接受过全面教育的人，故选C。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mrever, students shuld be prepared nt just fr their first jb, but fr their 4th and 5th jbs, as there’s little reasn t dubt that peple entering the wrkfrce tday will be called upn t play many different rles ver the curse f their careers.(此外，学生不仅应该为第一份工作做好准备，还应该为他们的第四份和第五份工作做好准备，因为几乎没有理由怀疑，今天进入劳动力市场的人将在他们的职业生涯中扮演许多不同的角色。)”可知，作者给大学生的建议是为不同的工作选择做好准备。故选C。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
When there are debates abut the wrld’s tp perfrming educatin systems, the names that usually get mentined are the Asian pwerhuses such as Singapre and Suth Krea r the Nrdic knw-alls, such as Finland r Nrway. But with much less recgnitin, Canada has climbed int the tp tier f internatinal rankings.
In the mst recent rund f internatinal Pise tests, Canada was ne f a handful f cuntries t appear in the tp 10 fr maths, science and reading. The tests, run by the Organisatin fr Ecnmic C-peratin and Develpment (OECD), are a majr study f educatinal perfrmance and shw Canada’s teenagers as amng the best educated in the wrld. ____53____
At university level, Canada has the wrld’s highest prprtin f wrking-age adults wh have been thrugh higher educatin — 55% cmpared with an average in OECD cuntries f 35%.
____54____ The tp perfrmers are ften cmpact (紧凑的) scieties and the current highest achiever, Singapre, has been seen as a mdel f systematic prgress, with each part f the educatin system integrated int an verarching natinal strategy.
Canada des nt even really have a natinal educatin system. It is based n autnmus prvinces and it is hard t think f a bigger cntrast between a city state such as Singapre and sprawling land mass such as Canada.
The OECD, trying t understand Canada’s success in educatin, described the rle f the federal gvernment as “limited and smetimes nn-existent”.
____55____ Andreas Schleicher, the OECD’s educatin directr, says Canada’s “big uniting theme is equity”. Despite the different plicies in individual prvinces, there is a cmmn cmmitment t an equal chance in schl. He says there is a strng sense f fairness and equal access — and this is seen in the high academic perfrmance f migrant children.
Within three years f arriving, the Pisa tests shw the children f new migrants have scres as high as the rest f their schlmates. ____56____
Anther distinguishing feature is that Canada’s teachers are well paid by internatinal standards — and entry int teaching is highly selective.
A. It makes Canada ne f the few cuntries where migrant children achieve at a level similar t their nn-migrant cunterparts.
B. Canada’s success in schl tests is als very unusual cmpared with ther internatinal trends.
C. Is schl funding linked t results f internatinal Pisa tests?
D. There have been systematic effrts t imprve literacy and testing and assessment t identify schls r individuals wh are struggling.
E S hw has Canada vertaken s many ther cuntries in educatin?
F. They are far ahead f gegraphical neighburs such as the US and Eurpean cuntries with strng cultural ties like the UK and France.
【答案】53. F 54. B 55. E 56. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大青少年是世界上受教育程度最高的国家之一。
【53题详解】
结合上文“The tests, run by the Organisatin fr Ecnmic C-peratin and Develpment (OECD), are a majr study f educatinal perfrmance and shw Canada’s teenagers as amng the best educated in the wrld.(这些测试由经济合作与发展组织（OECD）进行，是对教育表现的一项主要研究，显示加拿大青少年是世界上受教育程度最高的国家之一)”可知，加拿大青少年的受教育程度很高。由此可知，F选项“They are far ahead f gegraphical neighburs such as the US and Eurpean cuntries with strng cultural ties like the UK and France.(他们远远领先于美国等地理邻国和英国、法国等文化联系紧密的欧洲国家)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。
【54题详解】
结合下文“The tp perfrmers are ften cmpact (紧凑的) scieties and the current highest achiever, Singapre, has been seen as a mdel f systematic prgress, with each part f the educatin system integrated int an verarching natinal strategy.(表现最好的往往是紧凑型社会，目前成绩最高的新加坡被视为系统进步的典范，教育系统的每一部分都被纳入国家总体战略)”和“ It is based n autnmus prvinces and it is hard t think f a bigger cntrast between a city state such as Singapre and sprawling land mass such as Canada.(它以自治省为基础，很难想象像新加坡这样的城市国家和像加拿大这样的大片土地之间有更大的对比)”可知，加拿大的教育系统与其他国家有很大不同。由此可知，B选项“Canada’s success in schl tests is als very unusual cmpared with ther internatinal trends.(与其他国际趋势相比，加拿大在学校考试方面的成功也很不寻常)”能够开启下文，符合语境。故选B项。
【55题详解】
结合下文“He says there is a strng sense f fairness and equal access — and this is seen in the high academic perfrmance f migrant children.(他说，这里有一种强烈的公平感和平等的机会，这一点可以从流动儿童的高学习成绩中看出)”可知，在加拿大受教育的机会时平等的、公平的，这在阐述加拿大在教育发面超过其他国家的原因。由此可知，E选项“S hw has Canada vertaken s many ther cuntries in educatin?(那么，加拿大是如何在教育方面超越许多其他国家的呢？)”适合作本段主题句，符合语境。故选E项。
【56题详解】
结合上文“Within three years f arriving, the Pisa tests shw the children f new migrants have scres as high as the rest f their schlmates.(在抵达后的三年内，比萨测试显示，新移民的孩子的分数与其他同学一样高)”可知，加拿大是移民儿童达到与非移民儿童同等水平的国家。由此可知，A选项“It makes Canada ne f the few cuntries where migrant children achieve at a level similar t their nn-migrant cunterparts.(这使加拿大成为少数几个移民儿童取得与非移民儿童相似水平的国家之一)”能够承接上文，话题一致，符合语境。故选A项。
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
57. 拥有更多物质物品未必能让人更快乐。(cntribute) （汉译英）
【答案】Having mre material things may nt necessarily cntribute t mre happiness.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、动名词和短语。根据句意可知，本句的时态可用一般现在时，表示“物质物品”可用短语material things，表示“拥有更多物质物品”可用动名词短语having mre material things，作主语，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写；表示“能够”可用情态动词may ，nt necessarily“未必”；表示“让人更快乐”可用短语cntribute t mre happiness；情态动词后接动词原形，故答案为：Having mre material things may nt necessarily cntribute t mre happiness。
58. 至关重要的是我们要结合不同学科的知识来应对气候变化。(crucial) （汉译英）
【答案】What is crucial is that we cmbine the knwledge f different disciplines t cmbat climate change.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。表示“至关重要的”使用了主语从句what is crucial作主句的主语；表示“是”应用is作句子的谓语；表示“我们要结合不同学科的知识来应对气候变化”应用表语从句 we cmbine the knwledge f different disciplines t cmbat climate change作主句的表语, 当表语从句不缺少成分，也不缺少意思，用连接代词that引导。故翻译为What is crucial is that we cmbine the knwledge f different disciplines t cmbat climate change。
59. 无论采取何种方式来保护它，这个濒危物种很可能在不远的未来灭绝。(apprach) （汉译英）
【答案】Whatever the apprach t prtecting it, the endangered species is likely t g extinct in the near future.
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句的省略和短语。观察中文句子可知，这是一般现在时的句子。表示“无论采取何种方式”用whatever引导的让步状语从句，the apprach t ding sth为固定短语，意思为：……的方法，“保护”译为prtect，状语从句部分省略系动词；“这个濒危物种”译为the endangered species，“很可能”译为is likely t；“灭绝”g extinct；“在不远的未来”in the near future。综上所述，句子可以翻译为Whatever the apprach t prtecting it, the endangered species is likely t g extinct in the near future. 故填Whatever the apprach t prtecting it, the endangered species is likely t g extinct in the near future.
60. 直到这家百年老店通过发布一系列产品来化为转机，人们才真正懂得创新的重要性。(turn) （汉译英）
【答案】It wasn’t until the century-ld stre turned a turnarund by releasing a series f prducts that peple really understd the imprtance f innvatin.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型，强调句和时态。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“直到……才……”是固定句型It wasn’t ，是一个强调句，“这家百年老店”翻译为the century-ld stre，“化为转机”是turned a turnarund，“通过发布一系列产品”是by releasing a series f prducts，“人们才真正懂得创新的重要性”翻译为peple really understd the imprtance f innvatin，因此整句话翻译为“It wasn’t until the century-ld stre turned a turnarund by releasing a series f prducts that peple really understd the imprtance f innvatin”。故答案为It wasn’t until the century-ld stre turned a turnarund by releasing a series f prducts that peple really understd the imprtance f innvatin.A. assistance B. hit C. hpelessness D. need E. rdered F. pressure G. shared H. signal I. starving J. active K. unity
A. decline B. encunter C. apprach D. entitled E. infected F. desperate G. bargain H. harvest I. functin