2023四川省四川师大附中高二上学期期末模拟试题英语含解析

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四川师大附中2022-2023学年度(上期)调研考试模拟试题
高2021级 英语
满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
第I卷(共100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman get home today?
A. By bus. B. By train. C. By car.
2. How often does the woman recently cook at home?
A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice per month.
3. Where are the speakers?
A. At a museum. B. At a park. C. At home.
4. What are the speakers discussing?
A. Improving school grades.
B. Doing after-school activities.
C. Gaining knowledge in school.
5. Why can’t the woman meet the man today?
A. She’s on a trip.
B. She’s feeling sick.
C. She can’t drive in the bad weather.
第二节(共15小题;每小题 1. 5分，满分 22. 5，分)
听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman need to do first?
A. Meet her friend. B. Book a restaurant. C. Find her hotel.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Friends. C. Guide and tourist.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What did the woman think about to movie?
A. It was stressful. B. It was confusing. C. It was disappointing.
9. How many books are there about the movie?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
10. Why wouldn’t the woman like to read the books?
A. They are about drama.
B. They don’t tell real stories.
C. They have too many pages.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the man’s bikes made from?
A. Metal. B. Bamboo. C. Wood.
12. What was the man’s goal with his bike?
A. To make something fast.
B. To sell it for lots of money.
C. To make something environmentally-friendly.
13. What type of surface is the bike best suited for?
A. Rough surface. B. Hilly surface. C. Level surface.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What happened to the woman’s room?
A. It was untidy.
B. It was too expensive.
C. It does not have a nice view.
15. How could the man be described?
A. Indifferent. B. Apologetic. C. Stressed.
16. Why does the man need to get the manager?
A. To approve a refund.
B. To improve the hotel’s service.
C. To give the woman a small discount.
17. What does the woman decide to do in the end?
A. Call the manager.
B. Stay at the hotel.
C. Go to a different hotel.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is true about old alarm systems?
A. They were cheap.
B. They were unreliable.
C. They caused power cuts.
19. How do people control a smart home system?
A. By using the phone.
B. By contacting the authorities.
C. By adding software to the computer.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Camera technology.
B. Child monitoring.
C. Home security.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Faculty Borrowing System
The Registration of Campus IC Card
With the IC card and certification made out by personnel department, the staff should perform registration procedures with the library.
And the registration center is located in the 1st floor of the library.
The Use of IC Card and the Rules for Borrowing and Returning Books
The staff should enter the library only with the personal IC card while they should obey the Admission Instruction. If the staff don’t want to borrow but have a look at the books, they should put them away or put them back on the shelf. Only when going through borrowing system can the staff leave.
Each can be set up with 5 professional books for 90 days and 2 story books for 60 days. Before the due time, the renewal can be done on the library website.
Loan Periods and Fine Rates
The library charges the overdue fine for a book failed to return by its due date. Failure to renew and return the items will result in overdue fines. Overdue fines: Literature books are assessed a fine of RMB 0.2 per day, per item; specialized books are assessed a fine of RMB 0.1 per day, per item.
Lost books must be replaced by an exact copy or the similar book of update copy, and can not be replaced by other books. Besides, a processing fee RMB 2 should be applied. If the replacement books are out of print or unable to purchase, regardless of new or old original books, payments should be calculated in terms of the price of original books.
For more information, please consult the librarians in the general service center.
1. Where can you get the registration of campus IC Card?
A. The library website.
B. The general service center.
C. The students’ service hall.
D. The 1st floor of the library.
2. If you had two literature books for 100 days, how much would you be fined?
A. 2 RMB B. 4 RMB. C. 8 RMB. D. 16 RMB.
3. What should you do for the lost books?
A. Find the exact copy and pay the processing fee.
B. Find the outdated one and pay the processing fee.
C. Purchase the similar one and pay the original price.
D. Purchase the update one and pay the original price.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是学院的借阅系统相关的信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Registration of Campus IC Card部分中的“With the IC card and certification made out by personnel department, the staff should perform registration procedures with the library.(全体人员凭IC卡和人事部门出具的证明，应向图书馆办理登记手续)”以及“And the registration center is located in the 1st floor of the library.(注册中心位于图书馆一楼)”可知，campus IC Card注册在注册中心办理，而注册中心在图书馆的一楼。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Use of IC Card and the Rules for Borrowing and Returning Books部分中的“Each can be set up with 5 professional books for 90 days and 2 story books for 60 days.(每人都可以借阅5本90天的专业书和2本60天的故事书)”以及Loan Periods and Fine Rates部分的第一段中的“Overdue fines: Literature books are assessed a fine of RMB 0. 2 per day, per item; specialized books are assessed a fine of RMB 0. 1 per day, per item.(逾期罚款：对文学类书籍处以每本每天0.2元罚款；专业书籍处以每本每天0.1元罚款。)”可知，文学书借阅时间是60天，超时40天，每天每本罚金是0. 2元，共两本，所以应该是16 元。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Lost books must be replaced by an exact copy or the similar book of update copy, and. can not be replaced by other books. Besides, a processing fee RMB 2 should be applied.(遗失的书籍必须由精确副本或更新副本的类似书籍替换，并且不能由其他书籍替换。此外，应收取2元人民币的手续费)”可知，书籍丢失要求是与原书一样或者是升级后相似的书籍，并且缴纳手续费。故选A项。
B
When our professor Dr. Dressel outlined the requirements of the term paper, he sounded especially terrible, so I recalled another classroom nightmare, Mrs. Grace from Forsyth High. I could still picture her neat script in the margins (页边) of my papers, carefully listing each of my grammatical shortcomings in bright blue ink.
“One of these days,” she was fond of saying, “you’ll find that what you’re learning here will be useful. “Few of us believed her, but that didn’t discourage her from relentless training in composition repeatedly. At the slightest protest, her dark eyes would flash, “You’ll find that the real world is far more demanding than my term papers, but meanwhile they can help prepare you for it!”
When Dr. Dressel handed back my papers, an A+ stood out on the page. I disbelieved. I even bent over for a closer look. Professor Dessel, standing next to my table, said, “Your term paper is among the finest by a junior student. It tells me that somewhere along the line you had a remarkable English teacher. You should go to that teacher and express your gratitude.”
On the evening, I forced myself up to the Mrs. Grace’s house. The woman who answered the door was far different from the Mrs. Grace I remembered. She was pale and frowning. I gave my term paper into her hands. She glanced at it, then looked back at me wondering.
“My professor knew someone like you was responsible for my paper and”, I stammered (结巴着说出), “I just wanted to thank you. I really appreciate all you did for me.”
Mrs. Grace began to cry. “You’re the first person ever to thank me,”she sobbed. “This has been such a hard year. I’ve been sick all fall, but your visit has done me more good than all the medicine I’ve taken. God bless you!” She threw her arms around me and hugged me hard. Then we both shed some tears.
“I’m so glad you stopped by,” she said.
“So am I!” I replied.
Never again have I been reluctant to express gratitude.
4. Which of the following is TRUE about the term paper the author had?
A. The author’s professor had strict requirement of it.
B. The author’s term paper was not well written.
C. The author was not to blame for his academic performance.
D. The author didn’t get any help from the professor.
5. The underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably means
A. the degree to which something is related
B. large in amount, size or degree
C. continuing in a severe or extreme way
D. correct or suitable for a particular purpose
6. How did the author feel when asked to go to Mr. Grace’s house?
A. He regretted not listening to her class carefully.
B. He was unwilling to do so at first.
C. He was proud that he had finished the term paper.
D. He hardly appreciated what Mrs. Grace had done.
7. What message does the story convey?
A. Always prepare for the demanding real world.
B. We should express gratitude to those who help us.
C. It is important to be willing to communicate.
D. People should insist on doing what they think is right.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲叙了作者的高中老师Mrs. Grace对作者的作文要求很严格，使得作者在大学的论文很优秀。作者找到Mrs. Grace表达感激，她很感动。故事告诉我们应该感谢那些帮助过我们的人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When our professor Dr. Dressel outlined the requirements of the term paper, he sounded especially terrible(当我们的教授Dr. Dressel概述学期论文的要求时，他听起来特别可怕)”和第三段的“When Dr. Dressel handed back my papers, an A+ stood out on the page. I disbelieved.(当Dr. Dressel把我的论文发回来时，那一页上有一个A+。我不信。)”可推知，作者的教授对作者的论文有严格的要求。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Few of us believed her, but that didn’t discourage her from relentless training in composition repeatedly.(我们几乎没有人相信她的话，但这并没有阻止她反复relentless训练作文。)”以及第一段“I could still picture her neat script in the margins (页边) of my papers, carefully listing each of my grammatical shortcomings in bright blue ink.(我还能想起她在我论文空白处写的工工整整的稿子，用明亮的蓝墨水仔细地列出我的每一个语法缺陷。)”可知，虽然学生们不相信老师的严格是对他们有好处，但是老师还是反复地训练作文，坚持以前的一贯严格风格批改作文。可推知，下划线单词relentless意为“严苛的”，即continuing in a severe or extreme way。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“On the evening, I forced myself up to the Mrs. Grace’s house.(那天晚上，我强迫自己来到Mrs. Grace家)”可知，作者起初不愿意去Mrs. Grace家，但还去了。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“You should go to that teacher and express your gratitude.(你应该去找那个老师表达你的感激之情。)”以及第六段“Mrs. Grace began to cry. “You’re the first person ever to thank me,”she sobbed. “This has been such a hard year. I’ve been sick all fall, but your visit has done me more good than all the medicine I’ve taken. God bless you!” She threw her arms around me and hugged me hard. Then we both shed some tears.(Mrs. Grace哭了起来。“你是第一个感谢我的人，”她抽泣着说。“这是非常艰难的一年。我整个秋天都在生病，但你的来访比我吃的所有药都管用。上帝保佑你！”她张开双臂紧紧地拥抱着我。然后我们都流下了眼泪。)”可知，文章想告诉我们，我们应该感谢那些帮助过我们的人。故选B。
C
“Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,” George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. They made that journey in the spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.
Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today’s standards. A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.
Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.
Present systems for getting from Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs—or by raising taxes. Absent (缺乏)some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck (敬畏的) staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny portion of the cost of sending people.
It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled (公开) his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration: pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush’s proposal, which calls for reprogramming some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science—the one aspect of space exploration that’s working really well.
Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl (投) tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion (推进力)? If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit (运输) to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.
8. What do Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission have in common?
A. Instant value. B. Human inhabitance.
C. Venture cost. D. Exploring spirit.
9. Bush’s proposal is challenged for the following reasons EXCEPT that ______.
A. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in America.
B. American people’s well-being will suffer a lot if it is carried out.
C. its expense is too huge for the government to afford.
D. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment.
10. Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?
A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite sensible.
B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.
C. Bush’s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space exploration.
D. The achievements in space exploration show how well manned science has developed.
11. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Risky as it is, a Mars mission helps maintain America’s position as a technological leader.
B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.
C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.
D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won’t make great discoveries.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是美国关于火星探索的进程，在未来的某一天，人类将去往火星。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“They made that journey in the spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.(他们怀着探索的精神进行了那次旅行。美国冒险进入太空也是出于同样的原因。)”可知，刘易斯和克拉克的探险和火星任务共同之处在于共同的探索精神。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Present systems for getting from Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs—or by raising taxes.(目前从地球表面到近地轨道的系统是如此昂贵，以至于仅仅发射火星任务所需的1000吨左右的航天器和设备就只能通过削减医疗福利、教育支出或其他重要项目——或通过提高税收来实现。)”可知，对于布什总统的提议，如果实施，美国人民的福祉将受到很大损害。同时它也是费用高昂的，导致美国政府不得不提高税收来实现，紧靠政府是负担不起的。同时根据倒数第二段中“Bush’s proposal, which calls for reprogramming some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science—the one aspect of space exploration that’s working really well.(布什的提案呼吁将NASA现有的预算重新规划到火星计划中，这实际上可能会导致这种无人驾驶科学的减少——这是太空探索中非常有效的一个方面。)”可知，布什的提案也变相的减少了无人驾驶科学的预算，因此B,C,D三个选项都可以作为反对布什的提案的理由。根据倒数第二段中“he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration: pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. (他列举了最近太空探索的主要成就：火星上有水的证据的照片，太阳系外100多个行星的发现，以及对火星土壤的研究。)”可知，布什的提案是在美国在火星探测方面已经取得了巨大的成就的基础上提出来的，由此不会作为反对布什的提案的理由。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled (公开) his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration: pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. (有趣的是，当布什总统公布他的提议时，他列出了最近太空探索的主要成就：火星上有水的证据的照片，太阳系外100多个行星的发现，以及对火星土壤的研究。)”可知，布什的提议是基于最近太空探索的三项伟大成就而提出来的。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit (运输) to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.(如果新的发射系统能够以合理的价格将重量送入轨道，并且先进的推进系统能够加快去往火星的漫长而缓慢的旅程，那么踏上这颗红色星球的梦想可能会成为现实。当技术成熟时，火星仍然会在那里。)”以及通读全文，文章介绍了美国关于火星探索的进程，同时也指出在未来的某一天只有当技术有一定的发展，梦想才能成为现实即人类才能登上火星。故选C。
D
Going through social media can quickly convince you that everyone's life is more interesting than yours. During a particularly adventurous week on Instagram some months ago, I saw waterskiing in Maui, and swimming with wild pigs in the Bahamas. Wild pigs! I started googling flights to new places, imagining adventures. Then I ordered food from the place I eat at every week and ... felt bad about not trying somewhere new.
Recent research about repeat and novel experiences suggests that we ought to reconsider those negative feelings associated with repetition. Ed O'Brien, a professor at the University of Chicago, launched a series of studies on this topic, “There's a general belief that if you want to seem like an interesting, cultured person, the best thing you can do is to showcase that you're open to new experiences," he says. "That may be true, but I think we take for granted the value of really digging deep into one field.”
To test this hypothesis （假设），O'Brien and his team exposed all participants to the same stimulus （刺激）, including museum visits, movies, and video games. Next, some people were asked to imagine repeating the experience, while others actually did repeat what they had done. The researchers found that on the whole, participants said that repeating experiences was often far more enjoyable than they had predicted.
There is joy in repetition partly because every human mind wanders. Consequently, we miss a good part of every experience. Repeating things can really be seen as another opportunity to actually experience something fully. O'Brien's studies show that people are too quick to assume that they've seen all the layers even in those cases where they haven't. It's safe to assume there are more explorable layers in any experience. When we're noticing new things in any experience, our brain becomes engaged. All we need to do is approach whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that we didn't see in it the first time around.
12. Why does the author mention his experiences in Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the bad feelings linked to repetition.
B. To show novel experiences are more interesting.
C. To tell us a common belief about social media.
D. To present to us his new, imagined adventures.
13. What did O'Brien's studies find?
A. People were open to new experiences.
B. Imagination was exciting on the whole.
C. Repeating experiences made one bored.
D. Digging deep into one field was enjoyable.
14. How can we keep our brain engaged?
A. By assuming we didn't see all at first.
B. By searching for the ignored elements.
C. By approaching whatever task is at hand.
D. By keeping focused on every experience.
15. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Novel Experiences Enrich Us
B. More Layers Keep the Mind Busy
C. Repetition Makes People Happy
D. Wandering Minds Help One Explore
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了很多人都喜欢冒险，追求新鲜感，但是研究却发现重复能让我们更全面，深刻的认识事物，能给我们带来不一样的快乐。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。第一段主要描述了作者不断尝试新事物，在最后一句中表达了感受“... felt bad about not trying somewhere new”（对于不能体验新地方感觉糟糕）。再根据第二段开头“Recent research about repeat and novel experiences suggests that we ought to reconsider those negative feelings associated with repetition. ”（最近对于重复和新鲜的经历的研究表明，我们应该重新考虑这些和重复相关的消极的感受。）综合可知，作者在第一段描述自己不断体验新事物，如果不体验新的，就会重复之前的，如果不体验新事物，会感觉糟糕，由此可推断，重复会让作者有消极的感受，这也是为第二段的重新考虑这些和重复相关的消极的感受的这一话题做了铺垫，所以，作者在第一段中介绍自己的经历，就是为了引出和重复有关的糟糕感受这一话题，故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“...but I think we take for granted the value of really digging deep into one field.”（但是我认为我们忽视了真正深入挖掘一个领域的价值。）再根据第三段中“The researchers found that on the whole, participants said that repeating experiences was often far more enjoyable than they had predicted.”（研究者发现，整体上来讲，参与者说重复经历比他们之前预计的更有趣。）以及第四段中“Repeating things can really be seen as another opportunity to actually experience something fully.（重复可以被当作一个完全体验一件事的机会。）”综合可知，O'Brien说我们忽视深入挖掘一件事的价值，而我们如果要完全体验，深入挖掘一件事，会需要重复，而重复会让人感到有趣，所以可知，深入挖掘一个领域是有趣的。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“When we're noticing new things in any experience, our brain becomes engaged. All we need to do is approach whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that we didn't see in it the first time around. ”（在任何一个经历中，当我们注意到新事物的时候，我们的大脑就忙起来了。我们要做的就是通过探索我们刚开始没有注意到的事情来处理手头上的任何任务。）由此可知，通过探索被忽略的事情，让我们注意到一件事情中的新层次，新角度，这样大脑就会忙起来，故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文先通过作者自己的经历让我们思考重复和消极的感受之间的关系，而接下来作者通过一些研究的结果表明重复能让我们深入挖掘一件事情，能探索被自己忽视的方方面面，能全面了解一件事，能让我们大脑忙起来，能让人感觉到乐趣，所以，短文的最佳标题为“重复让人快乐”。故选C。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As the weather is colder and daytime shorter, many of us may experience changes to our energy, mood and overall well-being. ____16____
Spend time in nature each day
____17____ During the winter months when our daylight hours are shorter, it is even more beneficial to get outside and breathe fresh air daily. Although many of our climates do not provide a lot of vitamin D in the winter months, every little bit counts.
Drink plenty of water
When it's cold outside, we often reach for a warm cup of coffee or tea. Both drinks have antioxidant properties, but it is important to consume adequate water to stay hydrated. Purchase a large water bottle of 32 ounces or more, so that a few fill-ups get you enough. ____18____ So when you are thirsty, the first thing you reach for is water.
Feel connected to others
Rain, snow and freezing temperatures make it more frightening to leave the house and brace the elements to connect with people. During winter, it is normal to feel more lonely after spending more time at home, especially if you also study or work from home. ____19____ Plan to meet at least once a month at a favorite spot. Invite a friend or family member for a walk. Select a favorite park to meet at and get some steps and time in nature!
____20____
Spring and summer are energetically very busy, fruitful times when we naturally feel more active and enjoy packing our days with lots of activity. The fall and winter are a time to slow down and go inward, letting go of what no longer serves us and building up our reserves.
A. Prepare warm, nourishing dishes.
B. Accept the change by slowing down.
C. Keep your water bottle on your desk or workspace.
D. Schedule a standing coffee or lunch date with a friend.
E. If you follow the rules above, you will surely feel much better.
F. Here are some ideas to help you feel best during the winter months.
G. Research shows spending time in nature makes for positive mental well-being.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在冬季可以使人们感觉最好的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“As the weather is colder and daytime shorter, many of us may experience changes to our energy, mood and overall well-being. （随着天气变冷，白天变短，我们中的许多人可能会经历能量、情绪和整体幸福感的变化）”以及下文中给出了四点在冬天让人感觉良好的建议可知，本空处在第一段的最后，起着统领全文的作用，本文主要介绍了怎样在冬天保持良好的情绪的方法，所以F项“以下是一些帮助你在冬季感觉最好的方法。”符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据标题“Spend time in nature each day（每天花时间在大自然中）”以及空后“During the winter months when our daylight hours are shorter, it is even more beneficial to get outside and breathe fresh air daily.（在白天较短的冬季，每天出门呼吸新鲜空气更加有益。）”可知，本空为段首主题句，本段主要讲述在冬天也要去接触大自然，会对身心有益。G项中的“spending time in nature makes for positive mental well-being（花时间在大自然中有助于获得积极的精神健康）”能够呼应大标题，适合做本题的主题句。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空后“So when you are thirsty, the first thing you reach for is water.（所以当你口渴的时候，你首先要得到的就是水。）”可知，当你口渴时能得到水，你能得到水的原因应该是水瓶就在你的附近。C项“把水瓶放在办公桌或工作区上。”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据空前“During winter, it is normal to feel more lonely after spending more time at home, especially if you also study or work from home. （在冬天，在家待了更多时间后感到更加孤独是正常的，尤其是如果你也在家学习或工作的话。）”以及下文“Plan to meet at least once a month at a favorite spot. Invite a friend or family member for a walk. Select a favorite park to meet at and get some steps and time in nature!（计划每月至少在最喜欢的地点见面一次。邀请朋友或家人散步。选择一个最喜欢的公园见面，在大自然中获得一些步骤和时间！）”可知，冬天在家在家待了更多时间后感到更加孤独是正常的，所以接下来列举了怎样才能让自己变成不孤单的办法。D项“安排一次与朋友一起喝咖啡或共进午餐的约会。”是让你保持不孤独的办法之一，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Spring and summer are energetically very busy, fruitful times when we naturally feel more active and enjoy packing our days with lots of activity. The fall and winter are a time to slow down and go inward, letting go of what no longer serves us and building up our reserves.（春天和夏天是充满活力的忙碌、富有成果的时期，我们自然会感到更加活跃，并享受用大量活动充实我们的生活。秋天和冬天是一个放慢脚步，向室内走的时候，放下不再为我们服务的东西，建立我们的储备。）”可知，本段主要讲述春天和夏天的是忙碌和收获的季节，而秋天和冬天需要我们放慢脚步，为未来做准备，所以B项“放慢脚步，接受变化。”适合做本段的标题。故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was 40, with two adorable children and a caring husband. And I’m enjoying a challenging but ____21____ career. Although this is “success”, sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly am.
The chaos of the family kitchen was ____22____: the noise of the kettle, pots and dishes, and the conversation ____23____ while I’m making breakfast. I escaped ____24____ to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the self that is ____25____ from the children and wonder who that person might be.
So, I journeyed, for the first time in a decade, without my husband or kids. I went with a friend to ____26____ in Iceland. I hoped the consideration of walking would help me better ____27____ who I wanted to be. For 6 days, I was absorbed in wild scenery and real weather. The mountains in Iceland rise black and tall into the heavens against the white snow. Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there’s no decision to make ____28____ the soul. Climbing a mountain against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal ____29____ me how little I actually needed and how strong I felt _____30_____ uncomfortable.
I found _____31_____ in Iceland, and time to consider “the me” outside career and kids as I shared stories with strangers with no _____32_____ past and no expected future. When I stopped talking and just listened, I was surprised at how my _____33_____ changed—I became more generous. I learned generosity can _____34_____ more space and more warmth _____35_____ when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.
I came home to _____36_____, chaos and love. I know the answer isn’t waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head, however _____37_____ I try to hear; and it isn’t in conversations with other seeking souls. The answer is in front of me with every step on my own life’s _____38_____.
I’m not finding myself, but I’m creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the quietness. _____39_____ is built under a heavy load. I’m expecting to pick up all of my loads and travel _____40_____.
21. A. disastrous B. fun C. dull D. tough
22. A. comforting B. approving C. disturbing D. appealing
23. A. demands B. solutions C. assumptions D. references
24. A. originally B. apparently C. potentially D. briefly
25. A. separate B. accessible C. different D. mixed
26. A. volunteer B. hike C. settle D. wander
27. A. understand B. picture C. suppose D. question
28. A. trapped B. replaced C. freed D. drove
29. A. warned B. reminded C. consulted D. promised
30. A. as if B. even though C. so D. when
31. A. confidence B. value C. silence D. happiness
32. A. shared B. painful C. troubled D. glorious
33. A. concern B. attitude C. life D. appearance
34. A. advocate B. shoulder C. launch D. create
35. A. indeed B. just C. only D. even
36. A. doubt B. noise C. peace D. experience
37. A. specifically B. casually C. hard D. randomly
38. A. design B. pattern C. path D. belief
39. A. Pleasure B. Strength C. Spirit D. Pressure
40. A. aside B. off C. back D. on
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述一个40岁的女士，因为家庭烦杂的家务和家人的嘈杂使得她想逃离，于是她就为了更好的去了解自己想做什么样的人，就和朋友一起去徒步旅行。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢这份有挑战又有趣工作。A. disastrous灾难的；B. fun有趣的；C. dull枯燥的；D. tough艰难的。根据上文“I’m enjoying a challenging but”可知，下文要用和challenging相反的意思的形容词来描述作者对她的工作的态度，作者很喜欢的工作，应该是很有趣的。故选B。
22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：家庭厨房的混乱令人不安：水壶、锅碗瓢盆的声音，以及我做早餐时的谈话要求。A. comforting令人安慰的；B. approving支持的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据下文“I escaped ____4____ to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the self that is ____5____ from the children and wonder who that person might be.”可知，作者不喜欢这样的生活状况，所以厨房里的混乱令她不安。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. demands需求，要求；B. solutions解决；C. assumptions假设；D. references参考。根据下文“Only in silence do I bear the self”可知，作者想要安静，说明她平时得不到安静，所以她生活中应该是对谈话有要求。故选A。
24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只能短时间地逃到我的卧室。A. originally原始地；B. apparently明显地；C. potentially潜在地；D. briefly短时间地。根据下文“to my bedroom”可知，作者逃到她的卧室来远离令人不安的家庭琐事只是暂时的行为。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有在沉默中，我才能承受与孩子们分离的自我，并想知道那个人可能是谁。A. separate分离的；B. accessible可到达的；C. different不同的；D. mixed混合的。根据下文“wonder who that person might be”可知，此处是指脱离孩子们作者是一个什么样的人。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一个朋友去冰岛徒步旅行。A. volunteer自愿；B. hike徒步；C. settle定居；D. wander漫步。根据下文“I hoped the consideration of walking would help me”可知，作者是在那里徒步旅行。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望对走路的考虑能帮助我更好地了解我想成为什么样的人。A. understand了解，理解；B. picture描绘；C. suppose假设；D. question问题。根据上文“wonder who that person might be”可知，作者一直想知道自己离开了家人会成为什么样的人，所以在外旅游期间就可以好好的思考并了解一下。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着外面的狂风暴雨，并知道不需要做决定，我的灵魂得到了释放。A. trapped设陷阱；B. replaced代替；C. freed释放；D. drove开车。根据上文“Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there’s no decision to make”可知，作者的状态是很放松的，所以是释放了灵魂，让灵魂自由了。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：顶着大雨爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，提醒我，我实际上需要的是多么的少，当我不舒服的时候，我感觉自己多么的强大。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. consulted咨询；D. promised承诺。根据下文“how little I actually needed and how strong I felt ____10____ uncomfortable.”可知，这是作者意识到的内容，就好像是在提醒她自己。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. as if好像；B. even though尽管；C. so因此；D. when当……时候。根据上文“how strong I felt”可知，这是作者在她自己不舒服的时候的感受。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在冰岛找到了宁静，有时间去思考除了事业和孩子之外的“我”，与没有共同过去和未来的陌生人分享故事。A. confidence自信；B. value价值；C. silence沉默，寂静；D. happiness快乐。根据上文“Only in silence do I bear the self that is ____5____ from the children and.”可知，作者一直想要寻找的就是这份安静。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. shared分享的；B. painful痛苦的；C. troubled有麻烦的；D. glorious荣耀的。根据上文“shared stories with strangers”可知，作者和陌生人之间是没有共同可分享的过去的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我不说话，仅仅听的时候，我吃惊的发现我的态度改变了——我变得更加的大方了。A. concern关心；B. attitude态度；C. life生活；D. appearance出现，外貌。根据下文“I became more generous”可知，这是作者的态度改变了。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解到，大方可以创造更多的空间和温暖，甚至是第一眼看上去似乎不够的时候。A. advocate倡导；B. shoulder承担；C. launch发射；D. create创造。根据下文“more space and more warmth ____15____ when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.”可知，更多的空间和温暖是大方创造出来的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. indeed确实；B. just仅仅；C. only仅仅；D. even甚至。根据下文“when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.”可知，这句话是和上文是递进的关系。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回到嘈杂，混乱和爱的家。A. doubt怀疑；B. noise嘈杂；C. peace使和平；D. experience经历。根据上文“The chaos of the family kitchen was ____2____: the noise of the kettle, pots and dishes, and the conversation ____3____ while I’m making breakfast.”可知，作者的家里充满了嘈杂，混乱和爱。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道，无论我多么努力的去听，答案不是在山顶上等待，也不是在我的脑海里等待。A. specifically确切地说；B. casually随意地；C. hard努力；D. randomly随机地。根据上文“I know the answer isn’t waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head,”可知，作者无论多么努力地去听，答案都不在那些地方。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：答案就在我面前自己走的人生路的每一步。A. design设计；B. pattern类型；C. path路；D. belief信念。根据上文“in front of me with every step”可知，这是指作者走的人生路上的每一步。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：力量在重担下被创造。A. Pleasure快乐；B. Strength力量；C. Spirit精神；D. Pressure压力。根据下文“is built under a heavy load.”可知，在负重的情况下被创造的应该是力量。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我打算带上所有的东西继续旅行。A. aside一边；B. off离开；C. back回来；D. on继续。根据上文“I’m expecting to pick up all of my loads and travel”可知，作者期待的是带上所有的东西继续旅行。故选D。
第II卷(共50分)
注意事项：
用0. 5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卷上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Phrase bai lan gains popularity as severe competition and social expectations leave many young people despondent (沮丧的).
On China’s Internet, some young people say their ambitions can’t be achieved and many of them have given up on trying. ____41____ (frustrate) by the mounting uncertainties and lack ____42____ economic opportunities, they are resorting to a new buzzword — bai lan (let it rot in English) — to capture their attitude towards life.
The phrase bai lan, which has its origin in NBA games, ____43____ (mean) a voluntary retreat from pursuing certain goals because one realizes they are ____44____ (simple) too difficult to achieve. In American basketball, it often refers to a player’s deliberate loss of a game in order to get a better draft pick.
On Weibo, the bai lan-related topics ____45____ (generate) hundreds of millions of reads and discussions since March. Netizens also created different ____46____ (vary) of the bai lan attitude. State media have taken note of this trend. “____47____ do modern young Chinese like to ‘bai lan’? ” one recent article in official media outlet asked. “In fact, this is as ____48____ result of negative auto suggestion, repeatedly ____49____ (tell) oneself I cannot make it. And this kind of mentality often leads people _____50_____ (adopt) the ‘bai lan’ attitude.”
【答案】41. Frustrated
42. of 43. means
44. simply 45. have generated
46. variations
47. Why 48. a
49. telling
50. to adopt
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述越来越多中国年轻人“摆烂”的生活态度。
【41题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：由于不确定性的增加和缺乏经济机会而感到受挫，他们正在使用一个新的流行语——摆烂（英文是let it rot，让它烂掉）——来表达他们的生活态度。本句已有系动词，动词frustrate用非谓语形式，主语they与动词frustrate是被动关系，frustrate用过去分词表被动，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Frustrated。
【42题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：由于不确定性的增加和缺乏经济机会而感到受挫，他们正在使用一个新的流行语——摆烂（英文是let it rot，让它烂掉）——来表达他们的生活态度。lack of 为固定搭配，译为“缺乏……”，故填of。
【43题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：摆烂这个词起源于NBA比赛，意味着自愿放弃追求某些目标，因为人们意识到这些目标太难实现了。由主语The phrase bai lan和has可知主语为名单数名词，故谓语动词mean要用单数形式，故填means。
44题详解】
考查副词。句意：摆烂这个词起源于NBA比赛，意味着自愿放弃追求某些目标，因为人们意识到这些目标太难实现了。此处用副词来修饰句子“too difficult to achieve”，表示实在太难实现了。故填simply。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：在微博上，自3月以来与摆烂有关的话题已经产生了数亿的阅读和讨论。可知这是从3月份开始到现在发生的事情，故用现在完成时。故填have generated。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：网友们也对摆烂的态度产生了不同的变化。主语Netizens为复数名词，different为形容词，译为“不同的”，修饰名词，故空处应填名词复数形式。故填variations。
【47题详解】
考查疑问副词。句意：为什么现在的中国年轻人喜欢摆烂？根据下文“In fact, this is as ___result of negative auto suggestion”（事实上，这是由于消极的自我暗示）可知，下文在解释原因，故上文是提出疑问为什么中国年轻人喜欢摆烂？此处用疑问词Why表示“为什么”。故填Why。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：事实上，这是由于消极的自我暗示，反复告诉自己我做不到。as a result of为短语介词，是固定搭配，译为“由于…的原因”。故填a。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：事实上，这是由于消极的自我暗示，反复告诉自己我做不到。本句已有谓语动词，动词tell用非谓语形式，主语I与tell之间是主动关系，故用现在分词表主动态，故填telling。
【50题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：而这种心态往往导致人们采取‘摆烂’的态度。lead sb to do sth为固定搭配，译为“引导、导致某人做什么”。故填to adopt。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, when I complained with my mom about too little entertainment, she share the story of her youth with me. In the 1980s, neither iPads nor smartphones were invented. Each time when evenings approached, the children around would crowd into the only house where had a television. We stared at the small screen until the program ended. Parent would make every effort to drag their children to bed when it was getting lately. But now, iPads and smartphones have taken place of televisions. No wonder my mom always says we are the generation growing up in a honey jar. After listen to my mom’s story I felt lucky to live so a happy and comfortable life.
【答案】1. with→to 2. share→shared 3．删除when 4. where→that 5. We→They
6. Parent→Parents 7. lately→late 8．place 前加 the 9. listen→listening 10. so→such
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者向母亲抱怨自己的娱乐活动太少，于是母亲讲起了自己小时候没有平板和电脑，每晚和邻居家的孩子去唯一有电视的房子看电视的事，作者听了母亲的事后，感觉自己现在能过上这么幸福舒适的生活，是很幸运的。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：昨天，当我向我妈妈抱怨我的娱乐活动太少时，她跟我分享了她年轻时的故事。表示向某人抱怨用complain to somebody表示，故将with改为to。
2.考查时态。句意：昨天，当我向我妈妈抱怨我的娱乐活动太少时，她跟我分享了她年轻时的故事。由时间标志词yesterday(昨天)可知，句子描述的是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时，此处谓语动词share应用一般过去时shared，故将share改为shared。
3.考查连词。句意：每当夜幕降临，孩子们就会挤进唯一有电视的房子。Each time表示“每当”，是连词，引导时间状语从句，所以此处连词when是多余的，故删除when。
4.考查定语从句。句意：每当夜幕降临，孩子们就会挤进唯一有电视的房子。分析句子结构可知，“where had a television”是定语从句，先行词是house(房子)，指物，在定语从句中做主语，且house前有only来修饰，只能用that不能用which，where在定语从句中作状语，故将where改为that。
5.考查代词。句意：他们一直盯着小屏幕看直到节目结束。根据句意可知，此处指孩子们一直盯着小屏幕看，所以应用代词they，代指上文提到的children，表示“他们”，做主语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故将We改为They。
6.考查名词单复数。句意：很晚时，父母会尽一切努力拖着他们的孩子上床睡觉。由后面的their(他们的)可知，此处“父母”不止一个，所以parent应用复数形式parents，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故将Parent改为Parents。
7.考查形容词。句意：很晚时，父母会尽一切努力拖着他们的孩子上床睡觉。此处get是系动词，后面应用形容词late作表语，表示“晚的”，lately是副词，表示“最近”，故将lately改为late。
8.考查固定搭配。句意：但现在，平板和智能手机取代了电视。take the place of是固定搭配，表示“取代”，故在place前加the。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：听了妈妈的故事后，我觉得自己很幸运，能过上这么幸福舒适的生活。分析句子结构可知，介词后用动名词作宾语，此处listen用动名词形式listening，故将listen改为listening。
10.考查形容词。句意：听了妈妈的故事后，我觉得自己很幸运，能过上这么幸福舒适的生活。So是副词，修饰形容词或副词，such是形容词，修饰名词，所以此处应用such修饰后面的名词life(生活)，故将so改为such。
第二节 书面表达(25分)
52. 假设你是新华中学的学生张华，班里从外地转来一名同学李明，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，感到很苦恼。请根据下列要点用英语给他写封信：
*欢迎他的到来
*帮他分析原因 (至少两点) ;
*给他提出建议(至少一条);
*陈述你帮助他的具体打算。
注意：词数不少于80 。
Dear Li Ming，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Zhang Hua
【答案】Dear Li Ming,
My name is Zhang Hua. I’m one of your classmates. I’m writing you this letter to tell you something about the new environment you’re in.
It seems that you feel uncomfortable now because you’ve just entered a new environment, and I’m willing to help you through the hard time. The reason why you feel uneasy could be that you still need some time. And maybe you’re a little shy to communicate with others. I think that you can talk with people around you, and be brave to ask them questions that you don’t know. Besides, you can always turn to me for help whenever you need it. I’m sure that you will get used to this new place soon.
Looking forward to your reply.
Best regards,
Zhang Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于班里从外地转来一名同学李明，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，感到很苦恼这一情况，用英语给他写封信提出一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
进入：entered→ get into
此外：besides → what’s more
寻求帮助：turn to me for help→ ask me for help
习惯：get used to→ be accustomed to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My name is Zhang Hua. I’m one of your classmates.
拓展句：My name is Zhang Hua, who is one of your classmates.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It seems that you feel uncomfortable now because you’ve just entered a new environment, and I’m willing to help you through the hard time.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句。）
【高分句型2】The reason why you feel uneasy could be that you still need some time.（运用了why引导的限制性定语从句。）
听力：1-5ABACB 6-10CAABC 11-15 BCCAB 16-20ABBAC