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2022-2023学年河北省张家口市部分学校高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年河北省张家口市部分学校高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022—2023学年第一学期第二次阶段测试卷.
高三英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What kind of music does the woman like best?
A. Rock. B. Pop. C. R&B.
2. Whose birthday will be celebrated?
A. The man’s. B. The man’s wife’s. C. The woman’s.
3. How much does the man pay?
A. 40 cents. B. 45 cents. C. 85 cents.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Expressing concern. B. Asking for advice. C. Making an apology.
5. Why does the woman like rain?
A. It makes air fresh. B. It makes the sky clear. C. It cools things down.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A wonderful job. B. The result of the driving test. C. The ways of parking a car.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Practise a bit more. B. Ask her coach for help. C. Place everything in order.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why is the man calling?
A. To call off his appointment. B. To confirm his appointment. C. To reschedule his appointment.
9 When will the man see Dr. Smith?
A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Thursday.
10. What is the woman?
A. A secretary. B. A saleswoman. C. A manager.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Roommates. B. Neighbors. C. Renter and house-owner.
12. What causes Jim to move out?
A. A new job. B. The increased rent. C. The noisy neighbors.
13. What will Jim teach?
A. Computer. B. English. C. Music.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. On which floor is the gym?
A. First. B. Second. C. Third.
15. How does the man pay for using the gym?
A. For free. B. Based on time. C. By membership card.
16. How long is the gym open every day?
A. 7 hours. B. 12 hours. C. 24 hours.
17. Where are the speakers now?
A. In the gym. B. In the elevator. C. At the information desk.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How will Liz and her mom go from Hong Kong to Shanghai?
A. By water. B. By land. C. By air.
19. Which city is Liz’s final destination?
A. Beijing. B. Tokyo. C. Pusan.
20. What happened to Jane’s ship tour?
A. Most passengers fell ill. B. All passengers had great fun. C. All passengers were charged less.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four Magical Bookstores Around the World
There’s nothing better than diving into the pages of a book and travelling to a faraway place. Even in this digital era, book lovers will always adore getting lost in a magical bookstore. Here are 4 of the best bookstores in the world.
◆ Shakespeare and Company
Paris, France
As one of the most historical bookstores in the world, Shakespeare and Co. is a good spot for literary lovers. Set in the heart of Paris, the bookstore was opened in 1919 by American Sylvia Beach. She lent books to the famous author Ernest Hemingway when he couldn’t afford to buy them. The bookstore became a popular hangout for writers in the 1920s, including James Joyce, Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound. Today the shop is active as ever and holds regular readings, workshops and an annual festival with some of the world’s best contemporary writers.
+44 7976886982, https://www.instagram.com/embed.js
◆ EL Ateneo Grand Splendid
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Constructed in 1919, this theater-turned-cinema-turned-bookstore is an example of the connection between the performing arts and books. It preserves the traditional ceiling and special curtains of the former theater and books line the walls, including where the audience once sat in box seats.
+ 54 1148136052, https://www.atlasobscura.com
◆ EI Pendulo
Mexico City, Mexico
A true feast for the eyes, EI Pendulo is really magical and one of the best book shops in the world. You’ll enter a dreamplace where green trees hang over bookshelves and plants are dotted all over the space, and even the handrails (扶手) look like winding green plants.
+61 (0)396548506, https://www.kaycraddock.com
◆ Zhongshuge Bookstore
Hangzhou, China
Located in a commercial center in the Binjiang District, Zhongshuge Bookstore is a notable place of Hangzhou’s Star Avenue. This Chinese bookstore is architecturally unique. Stairs and seats built into round bookshelves combined with mirrored ceilings give the optical illusion (视觉幻象) of countless books. Other optical illusions include a tunnel of books and what appears to be a long roller coaster of books in the children’s book room.
+86 057188003279, https://weibo.com/67661899
1. Which website will you visit if you are interested in the annual festival of famous writers?
A. https://weibo.com/67661899. B. https://www.atlasobscura.com
C. https://www.kaycraddock.com D. https://www.instagram.com/embed.js
2. Which bookstore once had different functions?
A. Shakespeare and Company. B. Zhongshuge Bookstore.
C. EL Ateneo Grand Splendid. D. EI Pendulo.
3. What is the Chinese bookstore mentioned above famous for?
A. Its special designs. B. Its green surroundings. C. Its performing arts. D. Its founder.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家神奇的书店。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shakespeare and Company部分中“The bookstore became a popular hangout for writers in the 1920s, including James Joyce, Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound. (20世纪20年代，这家书店成为了作家们常去的地方，其中包括詹姆斯·乔伊斯、格特鲁德·斯坦因和埃兹拉·庞德。)”以及“Today the shop is active as ever and holds regular readings, workshops and an annual festival with some of the world’s best contemporary writers.(如今，这家书店一如既往地活跃，定期举办读书会、研讨会，并与一些世界上最好的当代作家举办年度节日。)”可知，如果你对一年一度的著名作家节感兴趣可以来Shakespeare and Company书店。该书店的网址是https://www.instagram.com/embed.js。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据EL Ateneo Grand Splendid部分中“Constructed in 1919, this theater-turned-cinema-turned-bookstore is an example of the connection between the performing arts and books. (这座由剧院改建而成的书店建于1919年，是表演艺术和书籍之间联系的一个例子。)”可知，EL Ateneo Grand Splendid书店是于1919年由剧院改建而成的，即曾经有着不同的功能。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Zhongshuge Bookstore部分中“This Chinese bookstore is architecturally unique. Stairs and seats built into round bookshelves combined with mirrored ceilings give the optical illusion (视觉幻象) of countless books. (这家中国书店在建筑上很独特。楼梯和座椅内嵌在圆形书架上，再加上镜面天花板，给人一种无数书的视觉错觉。)”可知，该书店的特点是建筑上很独特，楼梯和座椅内嵌在圆形书架上，再加上镜面天花板，给人一种无数书的视觉错觉，即书店的设计很特别。故选A。
B
Professor Smith was teaching his class. All the students in the class were listening to the lecture with great interest. But among those students, there was Nick, who was sitting quietly and in a bad mood.
The professor took notice of Nick on the first day but did not say anything. But when this went on for a week, he called Nick in his office after the class and asked, “You are depressed all the time. What is the matter?” Nick said with some hesitation, “Sir, something has happened in my past, due to which I remain troubled. I don’t know what to do.”
Professor called Nick at his house in the evening. When Nick arrived, the professor went to the kitchen and started making lemonade. He deliberately put more salt in the lemonade. Then he gave a glass of lemonade to Nick. As soon as Nick took a sip, due to the taste of excess salt, his mouth became sour. Seeing this, the professor asked, “What happened? Did you not like the Lemonade?” “No sir, this is not the case. Just a little excess salt in the drink.” Nick said, “Hey, now give me the glass. I will throw it away.” The professor reached out to get the drink from Nick. But Nick refused, saying, “No sir, just salt is more. If you add more sugar, the taste will be fine.” Upon hearing this, the professor became serious and said, “You are right. Now see, this lemonade is like your life. Just as salt cannot be taken out of the lemonade, similarly those bad experiences also cannot be separated from life. But by adding more sugar it can change the taste of lemonade.” Nick nodded and smiled in relief.
4. Why did Nick fail to focus on the class?
A. He was disturbed by the past. B. He was too nervous to concentrate.
C. Professor Smith was too demanding. D. The lecture was boring and hard to understand.
5. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Rare. B. Too much. C. Poisonous. D. Smelly.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Professor Smith?
A. Determined and inspiring. B. Clever and brave.
C. Wise and caring. D. Generous and lovely.
7. What can we learn from Nick’s story?
A. Let it go and live in the present. B. Life without aim is like drink without salt.
C. Nothing is more pleasant than a warming word. D. All the good and bad experiences are unavoidable.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位教授以用柠檬、盐和糖的关系来开导情绪低落的学生。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Nick said with some hesitation, “Sir, something has happened in my past, due to which I remain troubled. I don’t know what to do.”(尼克有些犹豫地说：“先生，我的过去发生了一些事情，因此我仍然很困扰。我不知道该怎么办。”)”可知，尼克没能集中注意力上课，是因为他对过去感到不安。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前句“He deliberately put more salt in the lemonade. Then he gave a glass of lemonade to Nick. (他故意在柠檬水里加了更多盐。然后他给了尼克一杯柠檬水。)”可知，尼克喝了一口过量盐的柠檬水。所以excess为“过量的”之意。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The professor took notice of Nick on the first day but did not say anything. (第一天教授就注意到了尼克，但什么也没说。)”及史密斯教授亲自来开导情绪低落的学生可推断，史密斯教授是有爱心的；史密斯教授以用柠檬、盐和糖的关系来开导情绪低落的学生，说明史密斯教授是明智的。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Upon hearing this, the professor became serious and said, “You are right. Now see, this lemonade is like your life. Just as salt cannot be taken out of the lemonade, similarly those bad experiences also cannot be separated from life. But by adding more sugar it can change the taste of lemonade.”(听了这话，教授严肃起来说：“你说得对。看，这柠檬水就像你的生活。就像盐不能从柠檬水里拿出来一样，那些糟糕的经历也不能从生活中分离出来。但是加入更多的糖会改变柠檬水的味道。”)”及全文可推断，生活中所有好的和坏的经历都是不可避免的。故选D。
C
Singapore uses about 430 million gallons of water every day—a number it expects could double in the next four decades. That kind of consumption is piling pressure on the Asian city state to address growing concerns about global water shortage. But it has no natural water sources of its own, instead relying heavily on recycled water and imports from its neighbors. It imports approximately 40% of its water today. And with climate change, that water has become far less dependable. So it’s building new technology to prepare itself for a future where obtaining clean water will be even more difficult.
“What we have become used to as reliable water, may quickly change—so we have to be prepared, we have to be thinking about the basic need in advance,” Snyder said. “There’s a big drive to become water independent, which is largely dependent on the technologies we’re developing.”
WateRoam, is already taking innovation from Singapore to the rest of the region. Founded in 2014, WateRoam says it has developed a lightweight, portable filtration (过滤) device that they say has already provided clean drinking water to more than 75,000 people across Southeast Asia.
“We’re going with a plain approach because we’re looking at water as a basic problem and a basic need and as a result, we needs basic technology to solve this problem,” Pong said. “We want people who are ordinary—not specialists or engineers—to be able to pick up this product and know how to use it.”
The water filtration device is no bigger than a bicycle pump, yet it can provide clean water to villages of 100 people for up to two years, according to the company.
8. How will Singapore deal with the water shortage?
A. Detect more natural water resources. B. Import more water from its neighbors.
C. Make full use of the climate change. D. Develop new technology to reuse the water.
9. What is WateRoam?
A. An invented device. B. A newly-founded organization.
C. A water-related company. D. A reliable product of Singapore.
10. What can we learn from Pong’s words?
A. Water is absolutely one of the solved problems. B. The new product should be easy-to-handle.
C. Specialists or engineers are badly in need. D. Ordinary people can also help in dealing with water.
11. What does WateRoam think of the water filtration device?
A. Effective but money-wasting. B. Energy-saving and simple to produce.
C. Time-consuming but dependable. D. Rewarding and easy to carry.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍新加坡研发新技术解决水资源短缺问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“There’s a big drive to become water independent, which is largely dependent on the technologies we’re developing.(实现水独立的动力很大，这在很大程度上取决于我们正在开发的技术。)”和第三段“Founded in 2014, WateRoam says it has developed a lightweight, portable filtration (过滤) device that they say has already provided clean drinking water to more than 75,000 people across Southeast Asia.(WateRoam成立于2014年，该公司表示已经开发出一种轻便的便携式过滤设备，他们称该设备已经为东南亚的7.5万人提供了清洁的饮用水。)”可知，新加坡将开发重复利用水的新技术来应对缺水问题。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Founded in 2014, WateRoam says it has developed a lightweight, portable filtration (过滤) device that they say has already provided clean drinking water to more than 75,000 people across Southeast Asia. (成立于2014年的WateRoam公司表示，他们开发了一种轻便的便携式过滤设备，已经为东南亚地区超过7.5万人提供了干净的饮用水。)”可知，WateRoam是一家与水有关的公司。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““We’re going with a plain approach because we’re looking at water as a basic problem and a basic need and as a result, we needs basic technology to solve this problem,” Pong said. “We want people who are ordinary—not specialists or engineers—to be able to pick up this product and know how to use it.”(“我们将采取一种简单的方法，因为我们把水视为一个基本问题和基本需求，因此，我们需要基本技术来解决这个问题。” Pong说，“我们希望普通人——而不是专家或工程师——能够拿起这个产品并知道如何使用它。”)”可推断，新产品应该易于操作。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The water filtration device is no bigger than a bicycle pump, yet it can provide clean water to villages of 100 people for up to two years, according to the company. (据该公司介绍，这种水过滤装置比一个自行车打气筒大不了多少，但它可以为100人的村庄提供长达两年的清洁水。)”可推断，该滤水装置是值得的且容易携带。故选D。
D
When Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. Globally, ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been prohibited in India since the 1970s.
“I was quite shocked,” the 17-year-old from New York, recalls, “Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue?”
Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic: Africa’s forest elephant population had declined by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still threatened by poaching.
Over the course of two years, Puri created EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software that analyzes movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and elephants. Puri says the software is four times more accurate than existing state-of-the-art detection methods. It also eliminates the need for expensive high-definition thermal cameras, which can cost thousands, she says. EISa uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pro thermal camera with 206 * 156 resolution that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then attached to a drone (无人机), and the system produces real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether objects below are humans or elephants.
Its potential impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me develop into a more creative thinker.”
12. What inspired Anika Puri to make the invention?
A. One study trip to Bombay. B. The deep passion for law. C. One visit in India. D. Her love for ivory.
13. How does the author explain the situation of Africa’s forest elephant?
A. By listing figures. B. By making comparison.
C. By showing an example. D. By referring to some former studies.
14. What’s the research like in Anika Puri’s eyes?
A. It’s tough and can’t reach the goal. B. It’s beneficial to one’s development.
C. It really requires a variety of resources. D. It should be further developed because of the need.
15. What may be the best title of the text?
A. Poaching Is a Shocking Problem
B. Drones Were Applied to the Ban on Poaching
C. A Fantastic Discovery Was Eventually Made by a Brilliant Teenager
D. A Teenager Invented a Low-Cost Tool to Spot Elephant Poachers in Real Time
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Anika Puri 在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. Globally, ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been prohibited in India since the 1970s.(四年前，当Anika Puri和家人一起访问印度时，她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像。在全球范围内，象牙贸易30多年来一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度就禁止猎杀大象。)”以及第三段中“Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still threatened by poaching.(Anika Puri是一名野生动物爱好者，她想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种和其他仍然受到偷猎威胁的物种。)”可知，当Anika Puri和家人一起访问印度时，发现了市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，由此激发了她要做点什么来保护大象。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic: Africa’s forest elephant population had declined by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. (出于好奇，Puri做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。多年后，这一数字继续下降。)”可知，作者通过列举数字的方式介绍了非洲森林象的情况。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me develop into a more creative thinker.”(Puri说“这让我足智多谋。它帮助我成长为一个更有创造力的思考者。”)”可知，在Puri看来，研究让她变得足智多谋，让她成长为一个更有创造力的思考者，即科学研究对一个人的发展是有益的。故选B。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了主人公Anika Puri 在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象的故事。故D选项“A Teenager Invented a Low-Cost Tool to Spot Elephant Poachers in Real Time(一名青少年发明了一种低成本的工具，可以实时发现大象偷猎者)”概括全文，适合文章标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Improve Your Willpower
According to scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with. ____16____ Here are a few ways to build up your willpower.
Meditation (冥想).
Meditation training improves a wide range of willpower skills, including attention, focus, stress management, feeling control and self-awareness. It changes both the function and structure of the brain to support self-control. ____17____
Physical exercise.
____18____ Physical exercise also leads to similar changes in the brain; however it’s not clear why. Regular exercise—both intense training and mindful exercise like yoga—also makes the body and brain more relaxed, which is a great boost to willpower.
____19____
People who are not moving towards their goal are often afraid of something they imagine may happen. Researchers recommend paying attention to “physical responses”, such as feeling mysteriously tired or sick, when faced with taking action on your goal. Chances are that you might be too anxious.
Find your drive.
Researchers found that study participants suddenly discovered extra self-control to do a task after they were told they would be paid for their effort or that their effort would benefit others. So knowing your “why” can help you get out of bed for a morning run. ____20____ Aim is motivation.
A. Make a plan.
B Face your fears.
C. It is a skill to be obtained and strengthened.
D. Choosing what you are good at is especially important.
E. Finding out your “why” can help you find your willpower.
F. In Indian culture, there is a widespread belief that mental effort is powerful.
G. Working out really does great good to our body and makes us refreshed effectively.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四条增强意志力的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“According to scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with.(根据科学研究，意志力并不是少数幸运儿与生俱来的才能。)”和下文“Here are a few ways to build up your willpower.(这里有一些方法来增强你的意志力。)”可知，意志力不是与生俱有的，是可以通过练习获得。所以选择项C“It is a skill to be obtained and strengthened.(这是一种需要获得和加强的技能。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Meditation (冥想).”和上文“Meditation training improves a wide range of willpower skills, including attention, focus, stress management, feeling control and self-awareness. It changes both the function and structure of the brain to support self-control. (冥想训练可以提高广泛的意志力技能，包括注意力、专注力、压力管理、感觉控制和自我意识。它改变了大脑的功能和结构来支持自我控制。)”和常识可知，冥想是通过心理努力获得的。所以选择项F“In Indian culture, there is a widespread belief that mental effort is powerful. (在印度文化中，人们普遍认为心理努力是有力量的。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据小标题“Physical exercise. (体育锻炼)”和下文“Physical exercise also leads to similar changes in the brain; however it’s not clear why. Regular exercise—both intense training and mindful exercise like yoga—also makes the body and brain more relaxed, which is a great boost to willpower. (体育锻炼也会导致大脑发生类似的变化；然而，原因尚不清楚。有规律的锻炼——无论是高强度的训练还是像瑜伽这样的正念锻炼——都能让身体和大脑更加放松，这对意志力是一个很大的提升。)”可知，本段介绍锻炼的好处。所以选择项G“Working out really does great good to our body and makes us refreshed effectively. (锻炼真的对我们的身体有很大的好处，让我们有效地恢复精神。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
这里为本段小标题。根据下文“People who are not moving towards their goal are often afraid of something they imagine may happen. Researchers recommend paying attention to “physical responses”, such as feeling mysteriously tired or sick, when faced with taking action on your goal. Chances are that you might be too anxious. (没有朝着目标前进的人常常害怕他们想象中可能发生的事情。研究人员建议，在为实现目标采取行动时，要注意“身体反应”，比如莫名的疲劳或不适。很有可能你太焦虑了。)”可知，本段是在谈论人们的害怕和担优。所以选择项B“Face your fears. (直面你的恐惧。)”符合本段小标题。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“So knowing your “why” can help you get out of bed for a morning run. (所以知道你的“为什么”可以帮助你起床晨跑。)”可知，作者建议大家去找出自己做事的原因。所以选择项E“Finding out your “why” can help you find your willpower. (找出你的“为什么”可以帮助你找到你的意志力。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nancy was turning 30 today. Kate was her dream, her hope, her happiness and her precious ____21____ after the death of their parents. She meant everything to her. Kate was so ____22____ that she was admitted to Harvard University. And today, Nancy was sure Kate would ____23____ her with a gift as she did every year. she quickly ____24____ at the mirror and looked away. She never liked looking at the mirror. It always ____25____ her of what she had suffered.
Over these years she had worked at different factories and cleaned the floors at big hotels. Ever since their parents died, her only goal was to ____26____ Kate. Nancy didn’t go to her dream university. Her ____27____ came running back to the present. Quickly, she wiped her tears and rushed to the door. She ____28____ smiling.
It seemed like a(n) ____29____ wait. Finally, she heard her younger sister ____30____ her room. Her eyes ____31____. Yet Kate walked into her room ____32____. The excitement disappeared. Kate gave her sister a tight hug. “Happy birthday,” said Kate. “And here’s your gift.”
Kate handed her a brown envelope. Nancy’s eyes were ____33____ with questions. “Sacrificing your happiness for the happiness of the one you love is by far the truest type of love. This is a(n) ____34____. You are admitted to the community university.” Nancy’s eyes grew wet and her trembling hands were held ____35____ by Kate.
21. A. possession B. occupation C. virtue D. loan
22. A. reliable B. objective C. extraordinary D. precious
23. A. provide B. replace C. inspire D. surprise
24. A. shot B. glanced C. knocked D. aimed
25. A. warned B. cured C. informed D. reminded
26. A. represent B. educate C. impress D. pursue
27. A. emotions B. spirits C. intentions D. principles
28. A. waited B. responded C. claimed D. gathered
29. A. flexible B. endless C. grateful D. limited
30. A. clearing B. decorating C. approaching D. measuring
31. A. went off B. set off C. came up D. lit up
32. A. disappointed B. committed C. empty-handed D. absent-minded
33. A. flooded B. signaled C. obtained D. issued
34. A. harmony B. permission C. pattern D. admission
35. A. absolutely B. firmly C. gradually D. apparently
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述的是姐姐南希，在父母去世后，妹妹凯特是她生活的一切，凯特已经被哈佛大学录取了，南希自己的生日愿望是向妹妹一样可以被大学录取。在30岁生日这天她收到了自己期待已久的生日礼物——大学的录取通知书。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希今天30岁了。凯特是她的梦想，是她的希望，是她的幸福，是她父母去世后的宝贵财富。A. possession财富；B. occupation职业；C. virtue美德；D. loan贷款。根据上文的“She meant everything to her.”可知，妹妹凯特是她自己的一切，是她宝贵的财富。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凯特非常优秀，她被哈佛大学录取了。A. reliable可靠的；B. objective客观的；C. extraordinary非凡的，杰出的；D. precious珍贵的。根据后文的“she was admitted to Harvard University.”可知妹妹凯特很优秀。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，南希相信凯特会像往年一样给她一个惊喜。A. provide提供；B. replace代替；C. inspire激发；D. surprise使惊喜。根据后文“as she did every year”可知，妹妹凯特每年都会给姐姐南希惊喜。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她迅速瞥了一眼镜子，然后把目光移开了。A. shot射击；B. glanced瞥视；C. knocked敲击；D. aimed旨在。根据后文“She never liked looking at the mirror.”可知，她从来都不爱照镜子，故瞥视了一眼镜子，目光就移走了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它总是使她想起她所遭受的苦难。A. warned警告；B. cured治愈；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“of what she had suffered.”可知，此处表示南希照镜子的时候，总是会让她想起自己所遭受的苦难。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从他们的父母去世后，她唯一的目标就是让凯特接受教育。A. represent代表；B. educate教育、使受教育；C. impress使印象深刻；D. pursue追逐。根据后文“Nancy didn’t go to her dream university.”可知，南希自己没有上大学，在父母去世后，她唯一的目标是让自己的妹妹凯特接受教育。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的情绪又回到了现实。A. emotions情感；B. spirits精神；C. intentions目的；D. principles原则。根据后文“Quickly, she wiped her tears and rushed to the door. S”可知，她收起了对过往的回忆，情绪回到现实。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她微笑着等待着。A. waited等待；B. responded回复，回应；C. claimed声称，表明；D. gathered聚集。根据后文“It seemed like a(n) ____9____ wait. Finally, she heard her younger sister ____10____ her room.”可知，南希微笑着等待着自己妹妹的到来。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一个无尽的等待。A. flexible灵活的；B. endless永久的，无止境的；C. grateful感激的；D. limited有限的。根据后文“Finally”可知，南希期待自己妹妹的到来，渴望已久地期盼，即无尽地等待。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，她听到妹妹向她的房间走来。A. clearing清理；B. decorating装修；C. approaching接近；D. measuring测量。此处表示妹妹凯特接近房间。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的眼睛放光了。A. went off爆炸，离去；B. set off释放；C. came up提出；D. lit up点亮，照亮。根据前文“Finally, she heard her younger sister ____10____ her room.”可知，南希知道自己妹妹的到来，打起精神，眼神充满光亮。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而凯特空手走进她的房间。A. disappointed失望的；B. committed奉献的；C. empty-handed两手空空的；D. absent-minded健忘的。根据“yet”可知，此处表示转折关系，即表示妹妹凯特手里没带任何礼物。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：南希的眼睛里充满了疑问。A. flooded涌；B. signaled预示；C. obtained获得；D. issued颁发。根据前文“Kate handed her a brown envelope.”可知，南希知道每年自己的妹妹都会给她生日惊喜，但是这一次却给了她一个棕色的信封。所以她满眼疑惑。be flooded with为固定短语，意为“充满……”，符合句意。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个录取通知书。A. harmony和谐；B. permission允许；C. pattern类型；D. admission录取。根据后文“You are admitted to the community university.”可知，南希被社区大学录取了，因此妹妹凯特给她的生日礼物是一个录取通知书。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：南希的眼睛湿润了，凯特紧紧地握着她颤抖的手。A. absolutely完全地；B. firmly坚定地，紧紧地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. apparently显而易见地。此处表示南希收到了自己的期待的礼物——大学录取通知书，紧紧地握住妹妹的手。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was ____36____ impossible dream. However, with the help of scientists, people succeeded in ____37____ (realize) their dream to explore space. On October 4th 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite ____38____ (launch) by the USSR. Although scientists try to make sure nothing ____39____ (go) wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone ____40____ (disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration. China’s space programme started later ____41____ those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. In 2003, China became the third country to ____42____ (independent) send humans into space, ____43____ signaled one step further in China’s plan ____44____ (establish) a space station in the future. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future _____45_____ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.
【答案】36. an 37. realizing
38. was launched
39. goes 40. disappointed
41. than 42. independently
43. which 44. to establish
45. discoveries
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类探索太空的历史以及太空探索的重要性。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在20世纪中期之前，大多数人认为太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。dream为可数名词，泛指，且形容词impossible发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在科学家的帮助下，人们成功地实现了探索太空的梦想。succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。故填realizing。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：1957年10月4日，苏联发射了斯普特尼克1号卫星。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据时间状语On 4 October 1957可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the Sputnik 1 satellite，谓语用单数。故填was launched。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：尽管科学家们努力确保不出差错，但事故仍然会发生。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语为不定代词nothing，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都很失望，但人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性。此处用形容词作宾语补足语，宾语everyone指人，所以用-ed结尾形容词。故填disappointed。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内取得了巨大进展。根据句中比较级later可知，这里用介词than。故填than。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：2003年，中国成为第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家，这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。修饰动词send，应用副词形式。故填independently。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2003年，中国成为第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家，这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，中国成为第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家，这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。故填to establish。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙，还能帮助我们在未来更好地生存。名词discovery为可数名词，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，所以用复数形式。故填discoveries。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，你校拟在这周三9:50举办火灾消防演练（fire emergency drill）。写一则通知，通知国际部的交流生。内容包括：
1. 告知活动；
2. 建议或期盼。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数。
Notice
Boys and girls, attention, please!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
The Students’ Union
【答案】Notice
Boys and girls, attention, please!
Our school will hold a fire drill at 9:50 this Wednesday. Please gather in the school playground at 9.30 in the morning. In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, and give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc. During the fire drill, I suggest that everyone arrive at the activity site on time and make good records to ensure your own safety. This activity is more than important and meaningful. Sincerely, we look forward to your active participation.
Li Hua
The Students’ Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给国际部的交流生们写一则通知，告知在本周9:50即将举办的火灾消防演练活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→ launch
建议：suggest → advise
确保：ensure→ make sure
诚挚地：sincerely→ genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, and give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc..
拓展句： In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, who will also give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, and give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc. （运用了特殊疑问词+不定式结构）
【高分句型2】During the fire drill, I suggest that everyone arrive at the activity site on time and make good records to ensure your own safety. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upon a time, there was a young athletic boy who is really hungry for success. For him, winning was everything and success was measured just by winning. He practised hard every day to win every race lying ahead of him.
One day, the boy was preparing himself for a running competition in his small village. A large crowd had gathered to witness the sporting event. A wise old man had travelled far to bear witness also. The race began. The boy with his determination, strength and power took the winning line and came to the first. The crowd were excited, cheering and waving at the boy. However, the wise man remained still and calm, expressing no excitement. The little boy, however, felt proud and important.
A second race was called and two new young fit challengers came forward to run with him. The race was started and sure enough the little boy came through and finished first. Once again the crowd was excited again, and cheered and waved at the boy. The wise man remained still and calm again, expressing no excitement. The little boy, however, felt proud and important.
Another race, the wise old man stepped forward and presented the little boy with two new challengers, an elderly weak lady and a blind man. “What is this?” the little boy was puzzled. “This is no race!” he claimed. “Race,” said the wise man.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The race was started and the boy was the only finisher.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Race again,” replied the wise man, “this time finish together with all three of you.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The race was started and the boy was the only finisher. The other two challengers left standing at the starting line. The little boy was ecstatic, so he raised his arms in delight. The crowd, however, was silent showing no sentiment toward the little boy. “What has happened? Why don’t the people join in my success?” he asked the wise old man.
“Race again,” replied the wise man, “this time finish together with all three of you.” The little boy thought a little, stood in the middle of the blind and the weak, and then took the two challengers. The little boy walked slowly to the finishing line and crossed it. The crowd were crazy and cheered and waved at the boy. The wise man smiled, nodding his head. The little boy felt proud and important. Lost in deep thought for a while, the boy thanked the wise old man for making him realize the real meaning of success. From then on, he could be regarded as a truly successful athletic.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个年轻的渴望成功的运动员视胜利为一切，在赢了两场比赛后，智者给男孩带来了两个特殊的挑战者。男孩胜之不武，村民们也没像前两次一样为他欢呼。智者要求再次比赛时要与这两个特殊的挑战者一起到达终点。当男孩拉着这两位特殊挑战者的手，慢慢地一起到达终点时，人们为他再一次爆发出一阵欢呼声。智者使男孩明白了一个道理：真正重要的是成功的过程，而不是结果。从那时起，他就被认为是一个真正成功的运动员。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛开始了，那个男孩是唯一跑完的。”可知，第一段可描写小男孩赢得比赛后人群的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“‘再跑一次，’智者回答说，‘这次你们三个一起跑完。’”可知，第二段可描写小男孩带领两个特殊的挑战者一起到达终点后，人群的反应及男孩的感悟。
2.续写线索：赢得比赛——高兴——困惑——慢速到达终点——喝彩——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.举起：raise/lift
②.参与：join in/participate in
③.被视为：be regarded as/be recognized as
情绪类
①.欣喜若狂的：ecstatic/on cloud nine
②.微笑：smile/beam
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The crowd, however, was silent showing no sentiment toward the little boy. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. Lost in deep thought for a while, the boy thanked the wise old man for making him realize the real meaning of success. (运用了过去分词作状语)
2022—2023学年第一学期第二次阶段测试卷.
高三英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What kind of music does the woman like best?
A. Rock. B. Pop. C. R&B.
2. Whose birthday will be celebrated?
A. The man’s. B. The man’s wife’s. C. The woman’s.
3. How much does the man pay?
A. 40 cents. B. 45 cents. C. 85 cents.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Expressing concern. B. Asking for advice. C. Making an apology.
5. Why does the woman like rain?
A. It makes air fresh. B. It makes the sky clear. C. It cools things down.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A wonderful job. B. The result of the driving test. C. The ways of parking a car.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Practise a bit more. B. Ask her coach for help. C. Place everything in order.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why is the man calling?
A. To call off his appointment. B. To confirm his appointment. C. To reschedule his appointment.
9 When will the man see Dr. Smith?
A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Thursday.
10. What is the woman?
A. A secretary. B. A saleswoman. C. A manager.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Roommates. B. Neighbors. C. Renter and house-owner.
12. What causes Jim to move out?
A. A new job. B. The increased rent. C. The noisy neighbors.
13. What will Jim teach?
A. Computer. B. English. C. Music.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. On which floor is the gym?
A. First. B. Second. C. Third.
15. How does the man pay for using the gym?
A. For free. B. Based on time. C. By membership card.
16. How long is the gym open every day?
A. 7 hours. B. 12 hours. C. 24 hours.
17. Where are the speakers now?
A. In the gym. B. In the elevator. C. At the information desk.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How will Liz and her mom go from Hong Kong to Shanghai?
A. By water. B. By land. C. By air.
19. Which city is Liz’s final destination?
A. Beijing. B. Tokyo. C. Pusan.
20. What happened to Jane’s ship tour?
A. Most passengers fell ill. B. All passengers had great fun. C. All passengers were charged less.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four Magical Bookstores Around the World
There’s nothing better than diving into the pages of a book and travelling to a faraway place. Even in this digital era, book lovers will always adore getting lost in a magical bookstore. Here are 4 of the best bookstores in the world.
◆ Shakespeare and Company
Paris, France
As one of the most historical bookstores in the world, Shakespeare and Co. is a good spot for literary lovers. Set in the heart of Paris, the bookstore was opened in 1919 by American Sylvia Beach. She lent books to the famous author Ernest Hemingway when he couldn’t afford to buy them. The bookstore became a popular hangout for writers in the 1920s, including James Joyce, Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound. Today the shop is active as ever and holds regular readings, workshops and an annual festival with some of the world’s best contemporary writers.
+44 7976886982, https://www.instagram.com/embed.js
◆ EL Ateneo Grand Splendid
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Constructed in 1919, this theater-turned-cinema-turned-bookstore is an example of the connection between the performing arts and books. It preserves the traditional ceiling and special curtains of the former theater and books line the walls, including where the audience once sat in box seats.
+ 54 1148136052, https://www.atlasobscura.com
◆ EI Pendulo
Mexico City, Mexico
A true feast for the eyes, EI Pendulo is really magical and one of the best book shops in the world. You’ll enter a dreamplace where green trees hang over bookshelves and plants are dotted all over the space, and even the handrails (扶手) look like winding green plants.
+61 (0)396548506, https://www.kaycraddock.com
◆ Zhongshuge Bookstore
Hangzhou, China
Located in a commercial center in the Binjiang District, Zhongshuge Bookstore is a notable place of Hangzhou’s Star Avenue. This Chinese bookstore is architecturally unique. Stairs and seats built into round bookshelves combined with mirrored ceilings give the optical illusion (视觉幻象) of countless books. Other optical illusions include a tunnel of books and what appears to be a long roller coaster of books in the children’s book room.
+86 057188003279, https://weibo.com/67661899
1. Which website will you visit if you are interested in the annual festival of famous writers?
A. https://weibo.com/67661899. B. https://www.atlasobscura.com
C. https://www.kaycraddock.com D. https://www.instagram.com/embed.js
2. Which bookstore once had different functions?
A. Shakespeare and Company. B. Zhongshuge Bookstore.
C. EL Ateneo Grand Splendid. D. EI Pendulo.
3. What is the Chinese bookstore mentioned above famous for?
A. Its special designs. B. Its green surroundings. C. Its performing arts. D. Its founder.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家神奇的书店。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shakespeare and Company部分中“The bookstore became a popular hangout for writers in the 1920s, including James Joyce, Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound. (20世纪20年代，这家书店成为了作家们常去的地方，其中包括詹姆斯·乔伊斯、格特鲁德·斯坦因和埃兹拉·庞德。)”以及“Today the shop is active as ever and holds regular readings, workshops and an annual festival with some of the world’s best contemporary writers.(如今，这家书店一如既往地活跃，定期举办读书会、研讨会，并与一些世界上最好的当代作家举办年度节日。)”可知，如果你对一年一度的著名作家节感兴趣可以来Shakespeare and Company书店。该书店的网址是https://www.instagram.com/embed.js。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据EL Ateneo Grand Splendid部分中“Constructed in 1919, this theater-turned-cinema-turned-bookstore is an example of the connection between the performing arts and books. (这座由剧院改建而成的书店建于1919年，是表演艺术和书籍之间联系的一个例子。)”可知，EL Ateneo Grand Splendid书店是于1919年由剧院改建而成的，即曾经有着不同的功能。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Zhongshuge Bookstore部分中“This Chinese bookstore is architecturally unique. Stairs and seats built into round bookshelves combined with mirrored ceilings give the optical illusion (视觉幻象) of countless books. (这家中国书店在建筑上很独特。楼梯和座椅内嵌在圆形书架上，再加上镜面天花板，给人一种无数书的视觉错觉。)”可知，该书店的特点是建筑上很独特，楼梯和座椅内嵌在圆形书架上，再加上镜面天花板，给人一种无数书的视觉错觉，即书店的设计很特别。故选A。
B
Professor Smith was teaching his class. All the students in the class were listening to the lecture with great interest. But among those students, there was Nick, who was sitting quietly and in a bad mood.
The professor took notice of Nick on the first day but did not say anything. But when this went on for a week, he called Nick in his office after the class and asked, “You are depressed all the time. What is the matter?” Nick said with some hesitation, “Sir, something has happened in my past, due to which I remain troubled. I don’t know what to do.”
Professor called Nick at his house in the evening. When Nick arrived, the professor went to the kitchen and started making lemonade. He deliberately put more salt in the lemonade. Then he gave a glass of lemonade to Nick. As soon as Nick took a sip, due to the taste of excess salt, his mouth became sour. Seeing this, the professor asked, “What happened? Did you not like the Lemonade?” “No sir, this is not the case. Just a little excess salt in the drink.” Nick said, “Hey, now give me the glass. I will throw it away.” The professor reached out to get the drink from Nick. But Nick refused, saying, “No sir, just salt is more. If you add more sugar, the taste will be fine.” Upon hearing this, the professor became serious and said, “You are right. Now see, this lemonade is like your life. Just as salt cannot be taken out of the lemonade, similarly those bad experiences also cannot be separated from life. But by adding more sugar it can change the taste of lemonade.” Nick nodded and smiled in relief.
4. Why did Nick fail to focus on the class?
A. He was disturbed by the past. B. He was too nervous to concentrate.
C. Professor Smith was too demanding. D. The lecture was boring and hard to understand.
5. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Rare. B. Too much. C. Poisonous. D. Smelly.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Professor Smith?
A. Determined and inspiring. B. Clever and brave.
C. Wise and caring. D. Generous and lovely.
7. What can we learn from Nick’s story?
A. Let it go and live in the present. B. Life without aim is like drink without salt.
C. Nothing is more pleasant than a warming word. D. All the good and bad experiences are unavoidable.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位教授以用柠檬、盐和糖的关系来开导情绪低落的学生。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Nick said with some hesitation, “Sir, something has happened in my past, due to which I remain troubled. I don’t know what to do.”(尼克有些犹豫地说：“先生，我的过去发生了一些事情，因此我仍然很困扰。我不知道该怎么办。”)”可知，尼克没能集中注意力上课，是因为他对过去感到不安。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前句“He deliberately put more salt in the lemonade. Then he gave a glass of lemonade to Nick. (他故意在柠檬水里加了更多盐。然后他给了尼克一杯柠檬水。)”可知，尼克喝了一口过量盐的柠檬水。所以excess为“过量的”之意。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The professor took notice of Nick on the first day but did not say anything. (第一天教授就注意到了尼克，但什么也没说。)”及史密斯教授亲自来开导情绪低落的学生可推断，史密斯教授是有爱心的；史密斯教授以用柠檬、盐和糖的关系来开导情绪低落的学生，说明史密斯教授是明智的。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Upon hearing this, the professor became serious and said, “You are right. Now see, this lemonade is like your life. Just as salt cannot be taken out of the lemonade, similarly those bad experiences also cannot be separated from life. But by adding more sugar it can change the taste of lemonade.”(听了这话，教授严肃起来说：“你说得对。看，这柠檬水就像你的生活。就像盐不能从柠檬水里拿出来一样，那些糟糕的经历也不能从生活中分离出来。但是加入更多的糖会改变柠檬水的味道。”)”及全文可推断，生活中所有好的和坏的经历都是不可避免的。故选D。
C
Singapore uses about 430 million gallons of water every day—a number it expects could double in the next four decades. That kind of consumption is piling pressure on the Asian city state to address growing concerns about global water shortage. But it has no natural water sources of its own, instead relying heavily on recycled water and imports from its neighbors. It imports approximately 40% of its water today. And with climate change, that water has become far less dependable. So it’s building new technology to prepare itself for a future where obtaining clean water will be even more difficult.
“What we have become used to as reliable water, may quickly change—so we have to be prepared, we have to be thinking about the basic need in advance,” Snyder said. “There’s a big drive to become water independent, which is largely dependent on the technologies we’re developing.”
WateRoam, is already taking innovation from Singapore to the rest of the region. Founded in 2014, WateRoam says it has developed a lightweight, portable filtration (过滤) device that they say has already provided clean drinking water to more than 75,000 people across Southeast Asia.
“We’re going with a plain approach because we’re looking at water as a basic problem and a basic need and as a result, we needs basic technology to solve this problem,” Pong said. “We want people who are ordinary—not specialists or engineers—to be able to pick up this product and know how to use it.”
The water filtration device is no bigger than a bicycle pump, yet it can provide clean water to villages of 100 people for up to two years, according to the company.
8. How will Singapore deal with the water shortage?
A. Detect more natural water resources. B. Import more water from its neighbors.
C. Make full use of the climate change. D. Develop new technology to reuse the water.
9. What is WateRoam?
A. An invented device. B. A newly-founded organization.
C. A water-related company. D. A reliable product of Singapore.
10. What can we learn from Pong’s words?
A. Water is absolutely one of the solved problems. B. The new product should be easy-to-handle.
C. Specialists or engineers are badly in need. D. Ordinary people can also help in dealing with water.
11. What does WateRoam think of the water filtration device?
A. Effective but money-wasting. B. Energy-saving and simple to produce.
C. Time-consuming but dependable. D. Rewarding and easy to carry.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍新加坡研发新技术解决水资源短缺问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“There’s a big drive to become water independent, which is largely dependent on the technologies we’re developing.(实现水独立的动力很大，这在很大程度上取决于我们正在开发的技术。)”和第三段“Founded in 2014, WateRoam says it has developed a lightweight, portable filtration (过滤) device that they say has already provided clean drinking water to more than 75,000 people across Southeast Asia.(WateRoam成立于2014年，该公司表示已经开发出一种轻便的便携式过滤设备，他们称该设备已经为东南亚的7.5万人提供了清洁的饮用水。)”可知，新加坡将开发重复利用水的新技术来应对缺水问题。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Founded in 2014, WateRoam says it has developed a lightweight, portable filtration (过滤) device that they say has already provided clean drinking water to more than 75,000 people across Southeast Asia. (成立于2014年的WateRoam公司表示，他们开发了一种轻便的便携式过滤设备，已经为东南亚地区超过7.5万人提供了干净的饮用水。)”可知，WateRoam是一家与水有关的公司。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““We’re going with a plain approach because we’re looking at water as a basic problem and a basic need and as a result, we needs basic technology to solve this problem,” Pong said. “We want people who are ordinary—not specialists or engineers—to be able to pick up this product and know how to use it.”(“我们将采取一种简单的方法，因为我们把水视为一个基本问题和基本需求，因此，我们需要基本技术来解决这个问题。” Pong说，“我们希望普通人——而不是专家或工程师——能够拿起这个产品并知道如何使用它。”)”可推断，新产品应该易于操作。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The water filtration device is no bigger than a bicycle pump, yet it can provide clean water to villages of 100 people for up to two years, according to the company. (据该公司介绍，这种水过滤装置比一个自行车打气筒大不了多少，但它可以为100人的村庄提供长达两年的清洁水。)”可推断，该滤水装置是值得的且容易携带。故选D。
D
When Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. Globally, ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been prohibited in India since the 1970s.
“I was quite shocked,” the 17-year-old from New York, recalls, “Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue?”
Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic: Africa’s forest elephant population had declined by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still threatened by poaching.
Over the course of two years, Puri created EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-driven software that analyzes movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) videos of humans and elephants. Puri says the software is four times more accurate than existing state-of-the-art detection methods. It also eliminates the need for expensive high-definition thermal cameras, which can cost thousands, she says. EISa uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pro thermal camera with 206 * 156 resolution that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then attached to a drone (无人机), and the system produces real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether objects below are humans or elephants.
Its potential impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me develop into a more creative thinker.”
12. What inspired Anika Puri to make the invention?
A. One study trip to Bombay. B. The deep passion for law. C. One visit in India. D. Her love for ivory.
13. How does the author explain the situation of Africa’s forest elephant?
A. By listing figures. B. By making comparison.
C. By showing an example. D. By referring to some former studies.
14. What’s the research like in Anika Puri’s eyes?
A. It’s tough and can’t reach the goal. B. It’s beneficial to one’s development.
C. It really requires a variety of resources. D. It should be further developed because of the need.
15. What may be the best title of the text?
A. Poaching Is a Shocking Problem
B. Drones Were Applied to the Ban on Poaching
C. A Fantastic Discovery Was Eventually Made by a Brilliant Teenager
D. A Teenager Invented a Low-Cost Tool to Spot Elephant Poachers in Real Time
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Anika Puri 在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. Globally, ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been prohibited in India since the 1970s.(四年前，当Anika Puri和家人一起访问印度时，她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像。在全球范围内，象牙贸易30多年来一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度就禁止猎杀大象。)”以及第三段中“Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still threatened by poaching.(Anika Puri是一名野生动物爱好者，她想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种和其他仍然受到偷猎威胁的物种。)”可知，当Anika Puri和家人一起访问印度时，发现了市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，由此激发了她要做点什么来保护大象。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic: Africa’s forest elephant population had declined by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. (出于好奇，Puri做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。多年后，这一数字继续下降。)”可知，作者通过列举数字的方式介绍了非洲森林象的情况。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me develop into a more creative thinker.”(Puri说“这让我足智多谋。它帮助我成长为一个更有创造力的思考者。”)”可知，在Puri看来，研究让她变得足智多谋，让她成长为一个更有创造力的思考者，即科学研究对一个人的发展是有益的。故选B。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了主人公Anika Puri 在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象的故事。故D选项“A Teenager Invented a Low-Cost Tool to Spot Elephant Poachers in Real Time(一名青少年发明了一种低成本的工具，可以实时发现大象偷猎者)”概括全文，适合文章标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Improve Your Willpower
According to scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with. ____16____ Here are a few ways to build up your willpower.
Meditation (冥想).
Meditation training improves a wide range of willpower skills, including attention, focus, stress management, feeling control and self-awareness. It changes both the function and structure of the brain to support self-control. ____17____
Physical exercise.
____18____ Physical exercise also leads to similar changes in the brain; however it’s not clear why. Regular exercise—both intense training and mindful exercise like yoga—also makes the body and brain more relaxed, which is a great boost to willpower.
____19____
People who are not moving towards their goal are often afraid of something they imagine may happen. Researchers recommend paying attention to “physical responses”, such as feeling mysteriously tired or sick, when faced with taking action on your goal. Chances are that you might be too anxious.
Find your drive.
Researchers found that study participants suddenly discovered extra self-control to do a task after they were told they would be paid for their effort or that their effort would benefit others. So knowing your “why” can help you get out of bed for a morning run. ____20____ Aim is motivation.
A. Make a plan.
B Face your fears.
C. It is a skill to be obtained and strengthened.
D. Choosing what you are good at is especially important.
E. Finding out your “why” can help you find your willpower.
F. In Indian culture, there is a widespread belief that mental effort is powerful.
G. Working out really does great good to our body and makes us refreshed effectively.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四条增强意志力的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“According to scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with.(根据科学研究，意志力并不是少数幸运儿与生俱来的才能。)”和下文“Here are a few ways to build up your willpower.(这里有一些方法来增强你的意志力。)”可知，意志力不是与生俱有的，是可以通过练习获得。所以选择项C“It is a skill to be obtained and strengthened.(这是一种需要获得和加强的技能。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Meditation (冥想).”和上文“Meditation training improves a wide range of willpower skills, including attention, focus, stress management, feeling control and self-awareness. It changes both the function and structure of the brain to support self-control. (冥想训练可以提高广泛的意志力技能，包括注意力、专注力、压力管理、感觉控制和自我意识。它改变了大脑的功能和结构来支持自我控制。)”和常识可知，冥想是通过心理努力获得的。所以选择项F“In Indian culture, there is a widespread belief that mental effort is powerful. (在印度文化中，人们普遍认为心理努力是有力量的。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据小标题“Physical exercise. (体育锻炼)”和下文“Physical exercise also leads to similar changes in the brain; however it’s not clear why. Regular exercise—both intense training and mindful exercise like yoga—also makes the body and brain more relaxed, which is a great boost to willpower. (体育锻炼也会导致大脑发生类似的变化；然而，原因尚不清楚。有规律的锻炼——无论是高强度的训练还是像瑜伽这样的正念锻炼——都能让身体和大脑更加放松，这对意志力是一个很大的提升。)”可知，本段介绍锻炼的好处。所以选择项G“Working out really does great good to our body and makes us refreshed effectively. (锻炼真的对我们的身体有很大的好处，让我们有效地恢复精神。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
这里为本段小标题。根据下文“People who are not moving towards their goal are often afraid of something they imagine may happen. Researchers recommend paying attention to “physical responses”, such as feeling mysteriously tired or sick, when faced with taking action on your goal. Chances are that you might be too anxious. (没有朝着目标前进的人常常害怕他们想象中可能发生的事情。研究人员建议，在为实现目标采取行动时，要注意“身体反应”，比如莫名的疲劳或不适。很有可能你太焦虑了。)”可知，本段是在谈论人们的害怕和担优。所以选择项B“Face your fears. (直面你的恐惧。)”符合本段小标题。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“So knowing your “why” can help you get out of bed for a morning run. (所以知道你的“为什么”可以帮助你起床晨跑。)”可知，作者建议大家去找出自己做事的原因。所以选择项E“Finding out your “why” can help you find your willpower. (找出你的“为什么”可以帮助你找到你的意志力。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nancy was turning 30 today. Kate was her dream, her hope, her happiness and her precious ____21____ after the death of their parents. She meant everything to her. Kate was so ____22____ that she was admitted to Harvard University. And today, Nancy was sure Kate would ____23____ her with a gift as she did every year. she quickly ____24____ at the mirror and looked away. She never liked looking at the mirror. It always ____25____ her of what she had suffered.
Over these years she had worked at different factories and cleaned the floors at big hotels. Ever since their parents died, her only goal was to ____26____ Kate. Nancy didn’t go to her dream university. Her ____27____ came running back to the present. Quickly, she wiped her tears and rushed to the door. She ____28____ smiling.
It seemed like a(n) ____29____ wait. Finally, she heard her younger sister ____30____ her room. Her eyes ____31____. Yet Kate walked into her room ____32____. The excitement disappeared. Kate gave her sister a tight hug. “Happy birthday,” said Kate. “And here’s your gift.”
Kate handed her a brown envelope. Nancy’s eyes were ____33____ with questions. “Sacrificing your happiness for the happiness of the one you love is by far the truest type of love. This is a(n) ____34____. You are admitted to the community university.” Nancy’s eyes grew wet and her trembling hands were held ____35____ by Kate.
21. A. possession B. occupation C. virtue D. loan
22. A. reliable B. objective C. extraordinary D. precious
23. A. provide B. replace C. inspire D. surprise
24. A. shot B. glanced C. knocked D. aimed
25. A. warned B. cured C. informed D. reminded
26. A. represent B. educate C. impress D. pursue
27. A. emotions B. spirits C. intentions D. principles
28. A. waited B. responded C. claimed D. gathered
29. A. flexible B. endless C. grateful D. limited
30. A. clearing B. decorating C. approaching D. measuring
31. A. went off B. set off C. came up D. lit up
32. A. disappointed B. committed C. empty-handed D. absent-minded
33. A. flooded B. signaled C. obtained D. issued
34. A. harmony B. permission C. pattern D. admission
35. A. absolutely B. firmly C. gradually D. apparently
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述的是姐姐南希，在父母去世后，妹妹凯特是她生活的一切，凯特已经被哈佛大学录取了，南希自己的生日愿望是向妹妹一样可以被大学录取。在30岁生日这天她收到了自己期待已久的生日礼物——大学的录取通知书。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希今天30岁了。凯特是她的梦想，是她的希望，是她的幸福，是她父母去世后的宝贵财富。A. possession财富；B. occupation职业；C. virtue美德；D. loan贷款。根据上文的“She meant everything to her.”可知，妹妹凯特是她自己的一切，是她宝贵的财富。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凯特非常优秀，她被哈佛大学录取了。A. reliable可靠的；B. objective客观的；C. extraordinary非凡的，杰出的；D. precious珍贵的。根据后文的“she was admitted to Harvard University.”可知妹妹凯特很优秀。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，南希相信凯特会像往年一样给她一个惊喜。A. provide提供；B. replace代替；C. inspire激发；D. surprise使惊喜。根据后文“as she did every year”可知，妹妹凯特每年都会给姐姐南希惊喜。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她迅速瞥了一眼镜子，然后把目光移开了。A. shot射击；B. glanced瞥视；C. knocked敲击；D. aimed旨在。根据后文“She never liked looking at the mirror.”可知，她从来都不爱照镜子，故瞥视了一眼镜子，目光就移走了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它总是使她想起她所遭受的苦难。A. warned警告；B. cured治愈；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“of what she had suffered.”可知，此处表示南希照镜子的时候，总是会让她想起自己所遭受的苦难。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从他们的父母去世后，她唯一的目标就是让凯特接受教育。A. represent代表；B. educate教育、使受教育；C. impress使印象深刻；D. pursue追逐。根据后文“Nancy didn’t go to her dream university.”可知，南希自己没有上大学，在父母去世后，她唯一的目标是让自己的妹妹凯特接受教育。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的情绪又回到了现实。A. emotions情感；B. spirits精神；C. intentions目的；D. principles原则。根据后文“Quickly, she wiped her tears and rushed to the door. S”可知，她收起了对过往的回忆，情绪回到现实。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她微笑着等待着。A. waited等待；B. responded回复，回应；C. claimed声称，表明；D. gathered聚集。根据后文“It seemed like a(n) ____9____ wait. Finally, she heard her younger sister ____10____ her room.”可知，南希微笑着等待着自己妹妹的到来。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一个无尽的等待。A. flexible灵活的；B. endless永久的，无止境的；C. grateful感激的；D. limited有限的。根据后文“Finally”可知，南希期待自己妹妹的到来，渴望已久地期盼，即无尽地等待。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，她听到妹妹向她的房间走来。A. clearing清理；B. decorating装修；C. approaching接近；D. measuring测量。此处表示妹妹凯特接近房间。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的眼睛放光了。A. went off爆炸，离去；B. set off释放；C. came up提出；D. lit up点亮，照亮。根据前文“Finally, she heard her younger sister ____10____ her room.”可知，南希知道自己妹妹的到来，打起精神，眼神充满光亮。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而凯特空手走进她的房间。A. disappointed失望的；B. committed奉献的；C. empty-handed两手空空的；D. absent-minded健忘的。根据“yet”可知，此处表示转折关系，即表示妹妹凯特手里没带任何礼物。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：南希的眼睛里充满了疑问。A. flooded涌；B. signaled预示；C. obtained获得；D. issued颁发。根据前文“Kate handed her a brown envelope.”可知，南希知道每年自己的妹妹都会给她生日惊喜，但是这一次却给了她一个棕色的信封。所以她满眼疑惑。be flooded with为固定短语，意为“充满……”，符合句意。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个录取通知书。A. harmony和谐；B. permission允许；C. pattern类型；D. admission录取。根据后文“You are admitted to the community university.”可知，南希被社区大学录取了，因此妹妹凯特给她的生日礼物是一个录取通知书。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：南希的眼睛湿润了，凯特紧紧地握着她颤抖的手。A. absolutely完全地；B. firmly坚定地，紧紧地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. apparently显而易见地。此处表示南希收到了自己的期待的礼物——大学录取通知书，紧紧地握住妹妹的手。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was ____36____ impossible dream. However, with the help of scientists, people succeeded in ____37____ (realize) their dream to explore space. On October 4th 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite ____38____ (launch) by the USSR. Although scientists try to make sure nothing ____39____ (go) wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone ____40____ (disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration. China’s space programme started later ____41____ those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. In 2003, China became the third country to ____42____ (independent) send humans into space, ____43____ signaled one step further in China’s plan ____44____ (establish) a space station in the future. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future _____45_____ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.
【答案】36. an 37. realizing
38. was launched
39. goes 40. disappointed
41. than 42. independently
43. which 44. to establish
45. discoveries
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类探索太空的历史以及太空探索的重要性。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在20世纪中期之前，大多数人认为太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。dream为可数名词，泛指，且形容词impossible发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在科学家的帮助下，人们成功地实现了探索太空的梦想。succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。故填realizing。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：1957年10月4日，苏联发射了斯普特尼克1号卫星。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据时间状语On 4 October 1957可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the Sputnik 1 satellite，谓语用单数。故填was launched。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：尽管科学家们努力确保不出差错，但事故仍然会发生。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语为不定代词nothing，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都很失望，但人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性。此处用形容词作宾语补足语，宾语everyone指人，所以用-ed结尾形容词。故填disappointed。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内取得了巨大进展。根据句中比较级later可知，这里用介词than。故填than。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：2003年，中国成为第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家，这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。修饰动词send，应用副词形式。故填independently。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2003年，中国成为第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家，这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，中国成为第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家，这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。故填to establish。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙，还能帮助我们在未来更好地生存。名词discovery为可数名词，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，所以用复数形式。故填discoveries。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，你校拟在这周三9:50举办火灾消防演练（fire emergency drill）。写一则通知，通知国际部的交流生。内容包括：
1. 告知活动；
2. 建议或期盼。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数。
Notice
Boys and girls, attention, please!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
The Students’ Union
【答案】Notice
Boys and girls, attention, please!
Our school will hold a fire drill at 9:50 this Wednesday. Please gather in the school playground at 9.30 in the morning. In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, and give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc. During the fire drill, I suggest that everyone arrive at the activity site on time and make good records to ensure your own safety. This activity is more than important and meaningful. Sincerely, we look forward to your active participation.
Li Hua
The Students’ Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给国际部的交流生们写一则通知，告知在本周9:50即将举办的火灾消防演练活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→ launch
建议：suggest → advise
确保：ensure→ make sure
诚挚地：sincerely→ genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, and give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc..
拓展句： In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, who will also give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In this activity, there will be firefighters to explain the knowledge of firefighting, and give us the on-site demonstration about how to use fire extinguisher, etc. （运用了特殊疑问词+不定式结构）
【高分句型2】During the fire drill, I suggest that everyone arrive at the activity site on time and make good records to ensure your own safety. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upon a time, there was a young athletic boy who is really hungry for success. For him, winning was everything and success was measured just by winning. He practised hard every day to win every race lying ahead of him.
One day, the boy was preparing himself for a running competition in his small village. A large crowd had gathered to witness the sporting event. A wise old man had travelled far to bear witness also. The race began. The boy with his determination, strength and power took the winning line and came to the first. The crowd were excited, cheering and waving at the boy. However, the wise man remained still and calm, expressing no excitement. The little boy, however, felt proud and important.
A second race was called and two new young fit challengers came forward to run with him. The race was started and sure enough the little boy came through and finished first. Once again the crowd was excited again, and cheered and waved at the boy. The wise man remained still and calm again, expressing no excitement. The little boy, however, felt proud and important.
Another race, the wise old man stepped forward and presented the little boy with two new challengers, an elderly weak lady and a blind man. “What is this?” the little boy was puzzled. “This is no race!” he claimed. “Race,” said the wise man.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The race was started and the boy was the only finisher.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Race again,” replied the wise man, “this time finish together with all three of you.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The race was started and the boy was the only finisher. The other two challengers left standing at the starting line. The little boy was ecstatic, so he raised his arms in delight. The crowd, however, was silent showing no sentiment toward the little boy. “What has happened? Why don’t the people join in my success?” he asked the wise old man.
“Race again,” replied the wise man, “this time finish together with all three of you.” The little boy thought a little, stood in the middle of the blind and the weak, and then took the two challengers. The little boy walked slowly to the finishing line and crossed it. The crowd were crazy and cheered and waved at the boy. The wise man smiled, nodding his head. The little boy felt proud and important. Lost in deep thought for a while, the boy thanked the wise old man for making him realize the real meaning of success. From then on, he could be regarded as a truly successful athletic.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个年轻的渴望成功的运动员视胜利为一切，在赢了两场比赛后，智者给男孩带来了两个特殊的挑战者。男孩胜之不武，村民们也没像前两次一样为他欢呼。智者要求再次比赛时要与这两个特殊的挑战者一起到达终点。当男孩拉着这两位特殊挑战者的手，慢慢地一起到达终点时，人们为他再一次爆发出一阵欢呼声。智者使男孩明白了一个道理：真正重要的是成功的过程，而不是结果。从那时起，他就被认为是一个真正成功的运动员。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛开始了，那个男孩是唯一跑完的。”可知，第一段可描写小男孩赢得比赛后人群的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“‘再跑一次，’智者回答说，‘这次你们三个一起跑完。’”可知，第二段可描写小男孩带领两个特殊的挑战者一起到达终点后，人群的反应及男孩的感悟。
2.续写线索：赢得比赛——高兴——困惑——慢速到达终点——喝彩——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.举起：raise/lift
②.参与：join in/participate in
③.被视为：be regarded as/be recognized as
情绪类
①.欣喜若狂的：ecstatic/on cloud nine
②.微笑：smile/beam
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The crowd, however, was silent showing no sentiment toward the little boy. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. Lost in deep thought for a while, the boy thanked the wise old man for making him realize the real meaning of success. (运用了过去分词作状语)
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