2023届高考英语二轮复习名词和主谓一致综合训练（A卷）作业含答案

2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 名词和主谓一致综合训练（A卷）

一、填空

1.A new study has found no evident _____(prove) that sunscreen increases the risk of skin cancer.

2.Facing the serious situation, the hospital has set up medical tents to avoid cross _____(infect) among patients.

3.The town has changed beyond ____________(recognize) since I was last here.

4.While crossing a road, you must pay attention to the _______ (surround), such as the traffic lights.

5.With everything done, we felt a sense of _______________ (achieve).

6.I owe you an__________(apologize) for what I said this morning.

7.As we had expected, _______________ (curious) drove Jim inside.

8.He hates ________________ (violent) in any form.

9.Having rid the company of heavy debts, the manager smiled with ____________ (satisfy).

10.Today we have the _______________(free) to decide our own prospects.

11.The number of the audience _____(be) so large that no seat was left in the grand hall.

12.For people on high incomes, a city provides a colorful environment which _____(enable) them to enjoy their modem life.

13.Every student together with teachers who are to visit the museum _____ (be) asked to be at the school gate before 8: 30 in the morning.

14.Reading classical novels and making some social investigations ________(be) assignments for the students during the holiday.

15.Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others  _________(be) essential to their development.

16.About 3,500 dollars  _________(have) been raised for the sick boy.

17.Neither food nor clothes  _________(have) been sent to the old man since two years ago.

18.Every man and every woman  _________(attend) the meeting.

19.As far as I am concerned, sometimes the true ___________(look) less attractive than the false.

20.The committee ___________(differ) as to who the next chairman should be.

二、阅读理解

    Finnish researchers say they have produced coffee in a laboratory that smells and tastes very similar to the real thing.

    The team reports that lab-grown coffee could be important as climate change continues to threaten traditional coffee farming. Scientists atFinland’s Research Centre created cell cultures from the leaves of coffee plants. The process involves floating the cell cultures in bioreactors (生物反应器) filled with nutrients (养分). The same method is used to make other kinds of animal— and plant-based products.

    Heikki Aisala is a researcher who oversaw the process. Aisala said cups of the cellular coffee probably would not pass taste tests comparing it to traditional coffee. "It tastes like a combination of different types of coffees,"Aisala said. The researcher added that while the cellular coffee was not ready for the market just yet, "it certainly does resemble coffee at the moment." Aisala added it was possible that the lab-grown version could one day develop into a multi-billion-dollar industry.

    Research team leader Heiko Rischer said cell cultures offer a more sustainable way to make coffee. This is because coffee is in high demand. This has led to countries opening up more land to grow coffee beans, which causes increased deforestation. Rischer said the environmental benefits of lab-grown coffee include reduced use of pesticides(农药) and fertilizer and less need to ship coffee beans long distances to markets.

    In Europe, lab-grown coffee would need to be approved before it could be marketed. But an important question remains: Will coffee lovers actually drink the lab—grown creation? Satu, a server in a Helsinki coffee shop said, "I think someday we’re going that way because of all the natural coffee sources disappearing. So, we have to move along and if it tastes good and the aroma (香味) is coffee-based, so why not? I think it’s possible."

1.Why is the lab-grown coffee significant?
A.It slows down climate change.
B.It ensures the production of coffee.
C.It improves traditional coffee farming.
D.It shortens the time of planting coffee.
2.What can we know about the cellular coffee?
A.It looks like traditional coffee.
B.It has passed taste tests successfully.
C.It tastes like many kinds of coffees.
D.It contains many types of nutrients.
3.How does Heiko Rischer think of the lab-grown coffee?
A.It has been well received by people.
B.It has been in the markets already.
C.It benefits the environment greatly.
D.It is ready for mass production.
4.What’s the attitude of Satu to the lab-grown coffee?
A.Negative. B.Doubtful. C.Concerned. D.Positive.

三、语法填空

    The Organizing Committee of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 revealed its Olympic torch design in the National Aquatics(水上运动) Centre, ①_____ has been transformed into the "Ice Cube" for next year’s Olympic Winter Games curling(冰壶) competition.

    The winning design, ②_____(select) from 182 entries in a global competition, was praised by Beijing 2022’s judges for ③_____(it)combination of both Chinese aesthetic(审美的) value ④_____ advanced technology.

    One of the design highlights ⑤_____(allow) two Olympic torches to lock into each other at the top when torchbearers exchange the flame during the Olympic Torch Relay. The two-tone design represents an indication of fire and ice, symbolizing how it will bring light and ⑥_____(warm) to the winter sports scene.

    In recognition of Beijing’s status as the world’s first city ⑦_____(host)both the Summer and Winter Games, the design of the 2022 Olympic torch is similar ⑧_____ the 2008 Olympic torch, and by ⑨_____ same color combination and artistic elements from that torch, the Organizing Committee aims to present Beijing’s rich Olympic culture.

    Planning for the Olympic Torch Relay and the selection of torchbearers for the Games are ⑩_____(current) underway, with detailed information to be released in the near future by the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee.

答案以及解析

一、填空

1.答案：proof
解析：句意为:一项新的研究发现没有明显的证据证明防晒霜会增加患皮肤癌的风险。设空处作found的宾语,应用名词。故填proof。

2.答案：infection
解析：句意为:面对严峻的形势,这家医院已经搭起了医疗帐篷,以避免病人之间的交叉感染。设空处作avoid的宾语,应用名词。cross infection意为"交叉感染"。故填infection。

3.答案：recognition

解析：自从我上次来这里，这个城镇已经变得认不出了。beyond recognition面目全非；识别不出，固定短语，古用名词recognition作介词beyond的宾语，故填recognition。

4.答案：surroundings

解析：考查名词。句意：过马路时，必须注意周围的环境，例如交通信号灯。the 后接名词，surroundings常用是一个复数形式的单词，指"环境，周围的事物"，指周围的具体的物质性的东西。故填surroundings。

5.答案：achievement

解析：考查名词。句意：每一件事都完成了，我们感到一种成就感。a sense of +名词，意为"一种……的感觉"，此空用名词形式。故填achievement。

6.答案：apology

解析：

句意:我该为今早所说的话向你道歉。owe sb. an apology for sth. "因某事向某人道歉"。

7.答案：curiosity

解析：考查名词。句意：正如我们所料，好奇心驱使吉姆进屋。此空用名词形式作句子的主语。故填curiosity。

8.答案：violence

解析：考查名词。句意：他讨厌任何形式的暴力。此空用名词形式作动词hates的宾语。故填violence。

9.答案：satisfaction

解析：考查名词。句意：公司摆脱了沉重的债务后，经理满意地笑了。介词with后接名词作宾语，此空用名词形式。故填satisfaction。

10.答案：freedom

解析：考查名词。句意：今天我们有自由决定自己的前途。定冠词the后面用名词形式作动词have的宾语，have the freedom to do sth.意为"有做某事的自由"。故填freedom。

11.答案：was
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意:观众人数太多了,大厅里一个座位也没有了。"the number of+名词"表示"……的数量",其后的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,又根据本句时态为一般过去时可知用was。

12.答案：enables
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:对于高收入的人来说,城市提供丰富多彩的环境,使他们能够享受他们的现代生活。分析句子可知which引导定语从句,先行词为environment,所以此处用enable的第三人称单数形式。

13.答案：is
解析：主语后面有"together with +名词/代词"短语时, 谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致, 故此句的谓语动词要与Every student在数上保持一致, 用第三人称单数形式; 由定语从句中的are可知, 此处用一般现在时。故填is。

14.答案：are

解析：考查主谓一致。句意:阅读古典小说和进行一些社会调查是学生们的假期作业。 and连接的两个动词-ing形式短语作主语,且指不同性质的两件事时,谓语动词用复数。

15.答案：is

解析：句意:一般说来,别人对其期望值高的学生,他们的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。motivation是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词用单数形式。

16.答案：has

解析：句意:已经为那位生病的男孩募集了3500美元。表示时间、重量、距离、金钱等的名词作主语时,往往看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数。

17.答案：have

解析：句意:自从两年前以来,食物和衣服都没有送到那位老人那里。根据时间状语since two years ago可知应用现在完成时,主语由neither...nor...等连接时,谓语通常遵循就近一致原则。

18.答案：attends

解析：句意:每个男人和每个女人都参加会议。由no...and no..., each...and each..., every...and every..., many a...and many a... 等构成复合主语时,谓语动词用单数。

19.答案：looks

解析：表示不可数的事物、抽象概念或某种特征的一类东西作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

20.答案：differ

解析：句意:委员会成员对于谁应担任下届主席,意见不一。集体名词作主语,如果指整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;如果指具体成员,谓语动词用复数形式。根据句意可知,此处谓语动词应用复数形式。

二、阅读理解

答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句的"The team reports that lab-grown coffee could be important as climate change continues to threaten traditional coffee farming.(该小组报告说,随着气候变化继续威胁传统的咖啡种植,实验室种植的咖啡可能很重要。)"可知,实验室培育的咖啡意义重大,因为它保证了咖啡的生产。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句的"It tastes like a combination of different types of coffees(它尝起来像是不同种类咖啡的混合)"可知,这种咖啡尝起来像是不同种类咖啡的组合。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句中的"the environmental benefits of lab-grown coffee include reduced use of pesticides and fertilizer and less need to ship coffee beans long distances to markets.(实验室种植的咖啡对环境的好处包括减少农药和化肥的使用,以及减少将咖啡豆长途运输到市场的需要。)"可知,Heiko Rischeri认为实验室培育的咖啡对环境有很大的好处。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的"I think someday we're going that way because of all the natural coffee sources disappearing. So, we have to move along and if it tastes good and the aroma(香味) is coffee-based, so why not? I think it's possible.(我想有-天我们会走那条路,因为所有的天然咖啡资源都消失了。所以,我们必须继续,如果它尝起来很好,而且有咖啡的香味。为什么不呢?我认为这是可能的。)可知,Satu对人造咖啡的态度是积极的。故选D。

三、语法填空

答案：①which ②selected ③its ④and ⑤allows ⑥warmth ⑦to host ⑧to ⑨the ⑩currently
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:北京2022年冬奥会组委会在国家游泳中心展示了奥运火炬设计,该中心已被改造成"冰立方",用于明年冬奥会冰壶比赛。分析句子结构可知,该空处所在部分的句子是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the National Aquatics Centre,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用which引导该从句, that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。

②考查过去分词。句意:该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出,因其结合了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术,受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。"select"与其所修饰的名词"The winning design"之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填selected。

③考查代词。句意:该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出,因其结合了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术,受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。修饰名词combination,表示"它的",用形容词性物主代词,故填its。

④考查连词。句意:该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出,因其结合了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术,受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。"中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵"和"先进技术"之间是并列关系,用连词and,故填and。

⑤考查时态和主谓一致。句意:设计亮点之一是,当火炬手在奥运火炬传递过程中交换火种时,两个奥运火炬在顶端相互锁定。描述一个客观的事实,用一般现在时;在"one of+可数名词复数"结构中,谓语动词用单数,故填allows。

⑥考查名词。句意:双色设计代表了火和冰的象征,象征着它将如何为冬季运动现场带来光明和温暖。该空作bring的宾语,用名词,warmth是不可数名词,故填warmth。

⑦考查不定式。句意:为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的地位,2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似,并通过与奥运会火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素,组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。当中心词被序数词所修饰,常用不定式作定语,故填to host。

⑧查介词。句意:为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的地位,2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似,并通过与奥运会火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素,组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。similar...to"与...相似",为固定搭配,故填to。

⑨考查冠词。句意:为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的地位,2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似,并通过与奥运会火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素,组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。the same相同的,为固定搭配,故填the。

⑩考查副词。句意:目前,奥运火炬传递的规划和奥运火炬手的选拔工作正在进行中,北京2022年组委会将于近期公布详细信息。修饰动词are,用副词,故填currently。