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这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习河南高考英语阅读理解专项训练作业含答案，共29页。
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Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line. Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (愈觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating: localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (振动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a touch pad in laptops, which simulates a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, leed author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin-it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch-and will enable new forms of haptic communication to improve everyday activities.”said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will produce the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various situations, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical (手术的) tools without touching them.
1．What can we learn about the SSD?
A．It takes the shape of a glove.
B．It mainly uses vibration technology.
C．It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
D．It is a soft electronic glove made of animal skins.
2．How could the new haptic device benefit people?
A．It could be used for recreating organ tissues.
B．Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
C．Doctors could perform surgeries from a distance.
D．It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
3．What’s the main purpose of the text?
A．To inform readers of a new invention.
B．To encourage the use of a new product.
C．To compare different kinds of existing haptic devices.
D．To introduce the development of haptic technology.
4．In which section of a newspaper can we find this text?
A．Science B．Education
C．Entertainment D．Health
My mother was from a generation of women in India who truly worked the “double shift”, but that did not mean that her responsıbilitaçs at home were in any way decreased. It’s one of the reasons I do not blame her for not being passionate about food the way I am, or not making cooking with my sister and me a priority. The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen, messing up her system, and making a mess.
I only started cooking for myself when I was homesick in England and the food of homeland and childhood made me feel closer to my family. Mom and I have very different styles of cooking. I have a huge collection of cookbooks and I love learning all about food that is unfamiliar to me. Mom’s cooking and her recipes came all down from her parents, a continuation of oral (口述的) traditions and culture. Sometimes, I catch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection with wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding.
I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn’t right the first time, I’ll keep trying until it’s perfect. My Samosa (萨莫萨三角炸饺) recipe, for example, is testament (证明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some. I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. When we cook together, I am constantly pestering (打扰) her for quantities she looks at me with amusement, as I am pulling my hair in frustration whose handful is that small handful referring to, Mother? But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of (一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, am I still enjoying myself?
My mom has taught me a lot about life and food. I am really grateful to her.
5．What was the author’s mom like when the author was young?
A．She didn’t get on with her kids.
B．She gave up her work to take care of her family.
C．She didn’t want her kids to be in the kitchen.
D．She often blamed her kids for being particular about food.
6．What can we infer about the author’s mom’s looking through cookbooks?
A．She wants to write her own cookbooks.
B．She hopes to improve traditional cooking.
C．She is doubtful about the author’s cooking style.
D．She appreciates the author’s cooking interest.
7．Why did the author mention samosas in the text?
A．To show her love of cooking.
B．To indicate they were her favorite food.
C．To express her appreciation for her mom.
D．To prove her mom was bad at making them.
8．What might the author’s mom agree with?
A．Cooking can make one calm down.
B．One should read cookbooks critically.
C．One shouldn’t be too serious about quantities while cooking.
D．It’s not a good idea to invølve too many cooks in cooking.
Earth Overshoot Day marks the date when humanity has used up nature’s annual resources. In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.
According to research conducted by Global Footprint Network, an international research organization, COVID-19- related lockdowns resulted in a 9.3% reduction in humanity’s ecological footprint compared with the same period last year.
However, we would still need 1.6 Earths to keep up with our current use of ecological resources.
While Mathis Wackernagel, president of Global Footprint Network, called this year’s data “encouraging,” he called for further progress to be made “by design, not by disaster.”
CEO of Global Footprint Network Laurel Hanscom adds, “Sustainability requires that both ecological balance and people’s well-being be ensured over the long-term, therefore this year’s sudden Ecological Footprint reduction cannot be mistaken for progress.”
According to the research, Australia used up its resources in the first half year during its 2019/ 2020 forest fire season.
Wackernagel says, “We’re using up the future to pay for the present. We’ve only got one planet and that’s not going to change.”
The research organization says that sustainability of a society depends on the sound management of ecological resources. To do this, we need to change the way we produce our food, we move around, how many children we have and how much land we protect for wildlife. Reducing our overall carbon footprint by 50% would push the date back 93 days, cutting food waste in half, 13 days. And if we push the date back by 5 days each year, humanity would be using less than one planet before 2050.
9．What led to less resource consumption in 2020?
A．COVID-19 lockdowns. B．Improved awareness.
C．The forest fire season. D．Sound management of ecology.
10．What is Laurel Hanscom’s attitude towards this year’s data?
A．Negative. B．Critical.
C．Cautious. D．Positive.
11．What can we learn from the figures of the last paragraph?
A．We have reduced carbon footprint by 50%.
B．The more children we have, the wealthier our life are.
C．The way we travel around doesn’t make any difference.
D．Good management of natural resources has a positive effect.
12．What’s the best title for this text?
A．To reduce carbon footprint of food.
B．Using less resources in 2020 than last year.
C．To encourage humans to use resources slowly.
D．COVID-19 lockdown being good for development.
East of England tour
Tour itinerary(行程)
Sunday 7 August:Check into our three-star hotel for the trip, Bamsdale Lodge, near Rutland Water.Enjoy a welcome dinner and talk by BBC Gardeners’World magazine Associate Editor, David Hurrion.Monday 8 August: First to Cottesbrooke Hall & Gardens in Northamptonshire for a gardener-led tour,plus lunch. Then to the private garden of The Old Vicarage, Burley, where owner Sandra Blaza will share her gardening passion. Later, enjoy a welcome drink, dinner and a talk by Nick Hamilton, owner of Barnsdale Gardens.
Tuesday 9 August: Bamsdale Gardens consisting of 37 gardens in many styles offer inspiration for all.Nick Hamilton will be on hand to show you round. In the afternoon we’ll visit wonderful Elton Hall in Cambridgeshire for a tour of the private gardens with the head gardener and have free time to explore the formal gardens. We’ll have dinner at the hotel.
Wednesday 10 August: Boughton House, Northamptonshire, will open exclusively(专门地) for us,starting with a two- course lunch, and a talk and Q&A with our special guest Adam Frost. After lunch,we’ll take a tour of the gardens with the head gardener.
PLEASE NOTE: Thus is a busy itinerary involving a great amount of walking, with little or no access to assistance. Please bear this in mind when booking this tour.
13．What do tour itineraries of Monday and Tuesday have in common?
A．They both provide dinner at the hotel.
B．They both include a tour of the private garden.
C．They both include a guided tour by Nick Hamilton.
D．They both offer free time to explore the formal gardens.
14．When will the tourists be entertained by Adam Frost?
A．On August 7. B．On August8.
C．On August9. D．On August 10.
15．What is required of potential tourists?
A．They are able to walk long distances.
B．They should book the tour in person.
C．They must bring their own travel tools.
D．They have a good knowledge of gardening.
Liu Yexi has taken Douyin by storm. As of Nov. 17, the virtual idol, who appeared on the social media platform on Oct. 31, had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers. Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. In her first video, Liu is doing makeup with an eye brush while dressed in a traditional Chinese costume. When she turns around, the onlookers are terrified, except one boy. Then Liu slightly brushes the boys eyes, allowing him to see the fantasy world in her own eyes.
The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. Liang Zikang, the CEO of the production team, told China Newsweek that the team spent two months making the video.
Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. There are over 32,400 virtual idols that have opened accounts on video-sharing platform Bilibili in the past year, seeing a year-on-year rise of 40 percent, Chen Rui, the CEO of Bilibili, said in a speech.
“Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,” Shine News noted. Additionally, these virtual web celebrities won't have scandals.
As more young people are fascinated by these virtual figures, their commercial value has been on the rise. Generally, they earn money by endorsements (代言), online concerts, livestreaming and related products. For example, Luo Tianyi, a well-known virtual singer, cooperated with livestreamer Li Jiaqi to promote goods in 2020.
Therefore, some people are wondering whether they will replace real humans. “These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,” Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.
16．Which of the following contributes to the popularity of Liu Yexis video?
A．The video involves sci-fi elements.
B．The video features funny visual effects.
C．The video teaches useful makeup skills.
D．The video tells a traditional Chinese story.
17．Which is an advantage virtual idols have over real idols?
A．They can attract more followers.
B．They have higher commercial value.
C．They can be approached more easily.
D．They are equipped with better talents.
18．What do we know about the current virtual idols according to Ding?
A．They can interact with each other.
B．They will replace human idols soon.
C．They are dependent on human teams.
D．They can learn and train by themselves.
19．Which is the best title for the text?
A．Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.
B．People raise concern about virtual idols.
C．AI technology has made a new breakthrough.
D．Social media platforms are gaining popularity.
Recently, researchers at Yale did a groundbreaking study that found that parents had enormous power to reduce their child’s anxiety,even if the child didn’t do anything different.
The study involved 124 parents and their children, aged 7 to 14, who had been diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive(认知的)behaviour therapy(治疗). The other half received no therapy at all，but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.
Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive(强迫症)behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three. Parents of children who were refusing or avoiding school because of anxiety-driven stomachaches were taught to respond with something like,“I know you are feeling upset right now, and I know you will be okay,”before sending the child to school.
The results were remarkable. Children in both groups showed the same reduction in anxiety, regardless of whether they or their parents received suggestions. On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. If you have stood with a child during anxiety,you would probably be way too aware of the sense of helplessness that can swamp them. When anxiety lays a heavy hand, it can understandably be tough for our children to open up to doing something different. What this research is telling us is that we don’t need them to. Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety.
20．What are the two therapies intended for?
A．One for children and one for parents.
B．Both for children’s cognitive behaviour.
C．Both for parents’ anxiety and behaviour.
D．Both for children with anxiety and bad deeds.
21．Why should parents reduce sent-back messages when receiving so many?
A．To let experts give some advice.
B．To show their ignorance to them.
C．To reduce the children’s anxiety.
D．To give children too much comfort.
22．What does the result of the research show to us?
A．Children’s ways to deal with anxiety are vital.
B．Parents’ proper behaviors are more important.
C．Children’s cognitive behaviors should be guided.
D．Children are short of experience in treating anxiety.
23．What should a parent do in treating children’s anxiety?
A．Change himself. B．Give advice quickly.
C．Take them to doctors. D．Get into their behaviors.
Phineas T Barnum is the best-known circus business owner of the nineteenth century. He excelled as a showman, and throughout his career in the entertainment business, he promoted many different forms of attractions.
Barnum’s first industry was as a newspaper owner. He also worked as a writer and publisher. His enduring fame, however, is as a showman. Barnum considered this to be his main talent and he never changed this view of his character.
T. Barnum’s entertainment interests covered museums, traveling dance troupes (团), and even the mid-century US tour by Jenny Lind, the Swedish singer. He was, by nature, a risk-taker, and usually gained success from the most unlikely enterprises.
Barnum was willing to adopt any tactic that publicized his businesses. His American Museum in New York included hoaxes and freaks (恶作剧和怪物), both human and animal. This was not unusual by the standards of the time, but even he felt the need to prove his hoaxes fair, as advertising tricks.
Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business. He opened America’s first aquarium (水馆) and opened a theater in New York that was the largest and most modern in the city. He aimed to change the public knowledge of theaters, and in this, he largely succeeded. He made theater-going respectable.
Determination and hard work featured majorly in the qualities that Barnum displayed, and he frequently spoke about the necessity of both. He believed success only came to those who worked for it and knew they had the self-determination necessary. He also stated the necessity of understanding the business that a person was running. Knowledge and experience counted for much in Barnum’s life, and he certainly knew the entertainment business.
Success in life, according to Barnum, could only be achieved when a person is in good health. He advised that getting healthy and maintaining a healthy body and mind would lead to happiness as well as success.
24．What did Barnum think was his most successful career?
A．A writer. B．A publisher.
C．A showman. D．A newspaper owner.
25．What does the underlined word “tactic” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Media. B．Strategy. C．Support. D．Opportunity.
26．Why does the author mention Barnum’s success in opening the aquarium and theater?
A．To show Barnum’s firm beliefs in his own capacity.
B．To tell us chances are important for any business.
C．To explain what kind of business was successful.
D．To indicate how bad people’s life was at that time.
27．Which of the following can best describe Barnum and his business?
A．Eventful. B．Adventurous. C．Unsteady. D．Outstanding.
Best Cycling Holiday Destinations In Europe
Girona,Spain
Girona is surrounded by fantastic and easily accessible cycle routes that pretty much offer any riding you would ever need or want. The relatively traffic-free roads mean that there is little trouble in getting out of the town and into the hills. Girona’s old town itself is a beauty and with plenty of places serving great food and great coffee, there’s a certain magic to the place.
Algarve,Portugal
Portugal is a cycling destination that has grown in popularity thanks to the large variety of roads in the country. It is not too dissimilar to what you’ll find in the most popular cycling regions,but Portugal just feels that little bit less main stream. Away from the bike, there is also plenty of food to sink your teeth into and local wines to try.
Northern Scotland,UK
One of the best places to tour in all of Europe is in fact Scotland. Particularly adventurous cyclists can take advantage of Scotland’s rules on wild camping-Scottish law allows members of the public the right to roam(漫游)，while English law does not. It’s a totally liberating way to explore a place and Scotland might just be one of the best ones to do it due to the beautiful scenery and rural landscapes.
Julian Alps,Slovenia
Slovenia is one of the relatively new kids on the block when it comes to European cycling getaways. A great destination for mountain bikers and road cyclists alike, the country has plenty of brilliant off-road routes and rideable,tricky roads that take you high up into the Julian Alps. It’s no surprise once you’ve ridden here that the country punches well above its weight in terms of producing world class bike racers.
28．What do the first two destinations have in common?
A．They supply local wines for visitors.
B．They are completely traffic free.
C．They have fewer riding routes.
D．They serve delicious food.
29．Which of the following is your best choice if you love adventure?
A．Algarve,Portugal.
B．Girona,Spain.
C．Northern Scotland,UK.
D．Julian Alps,Slovenia.
30．What do we know about Julian Alps, Slovenia?
A．It produces brilliant mountain climbers.
B．It has a short cycling history.
C．It welcomes wild campers.
D．It is known for rural landscapes.
Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health. The scientists are measuring the growth and development of the penguin population on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula.“We are counting penguin nests to understand how many penguins are in a colony, producing young every year, and whether that number is going up or down with the environmental conditions,“ said Alex Borowicz. He is an ecology researcher at New York’s Stony Brook University.
The work is not easy for climate researchers in the icy,faraway reaches of Antarctica. But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land. Their black bodies and wastedroppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.
Michael Wethington,another researcher from Stony Brook,told Reuters the penguin population can represent overall climate conditions and the health of the area’s whole ecosystem.The researchers say countsof individual penguins can be combined with data from satellite images to get a more complete picture of how the animals are progressing.
Gentoo penguins-with bright orange beaks and white markings on their heads-prefer open water without broken pieces of ice floating around. So when temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula began rising during the latter half of the 20th century,gentoo populations moved south.Gentoo penguins don’t like sea ice. They mostly forage(觅食)over the continental shelf and don＇t go far out to sea. As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula,gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions. But those same conditions have been worse for the Adelie penguin species. This is because the Adelies depend on sea ice for feeding and reproduction.
“When we find Adelie penguins, we typically know that sea ice is nearby,”Stony Brook’s Wethington said. He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing,they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge.Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent,researchers say.
31．Why do scientists studying climate change in Antarctica study penguins?
A．To offer them better protection.
B．To learn more about the conditions of Antarctica.
C．To find out about the penguin population.
D．To have a clearer idea of their living habits.
32．What makes penguins easier to follow than other kinds of animals?
A．Their various species.
B．Their unusual hunting ways.
C．Their unique eating habits.
D．Their nesting habit and body color.
33．What can be inferred about gentoo penguins from paragraph 4?
A．They are quite adaptive.
B．They are in great danger.
C．They tend to hunt far out to sea.
D．They have a preference for sea ice.
34．What does the underlined word “plunge” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Rise steadily.
B．Swing violently.
C．Drop sharply.
D．Grow swiftly.
Max Du won the Canada-Wide Science Fair. His project is a drone (无人机) to save people who go into cardiac (心脏的) arrest. Max got the inspiration during Christmas break last year. “I got a toy drone from my parents, but I couldn’t fly it because it is snowy.” Max said. “So I played with it at home, and it got me thinking how a drone could be used as an indoor robot that could help people.”
About 35, 000 people have cardiac arrests in Canada each year. Most of those happen outside of a hospital, of whom fewer than 10 percent survive. Max believed a drone could offer faster support and life-saving medicine, but he had to build it himself to know for sure.
Testing his drone took about six months. Max’s parents had to deal with their son’s constantly flying and crashing in the home. Every time Max would create an exciting innovation, such as an extendable arm, it would add extra weight to his drone, causing it to break apart. Then Max would have to buy all new parts. Max tested using more lightweight materials until his design was more balanced.
Through trial and error, the 14-year-old boy finally got it right. His drone can open a door handle, fly in the air and then land softly on the ground. A new extendable arm can be released to administer a shot or hand a patient lifesaving medicine. A built-in camera could directly conference with an emergency response team whose members could monitor the patient remotely.
Max plans on applying for a patent (专利) so he can make connections in the health-care industry to get it made for real. He’s spent his summer learning about artificial intelligence at California’s Stanford University as one of 32 kids selected worldwide. He’ll head next to the University of Pennsylvania to take a college-level robotics class before returning to high school in September.
35．Why did Max Du design a drone by himself?
A．He had sympathy for those with heart attacks.
B．He had nothing to do in Christmas holidays.
C．He wanted use it to help his parents.
D．He tried to make it fly in the snow.
36．What can we learn from paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Most of the people with cardiac arrests in Canada can survive.
B．Max’s parents were unwilling to help during his drone design.
C．It’s very important to control the balance of the drone.
D．Max’s design of the extendable arm is very smooth.
37．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．The instructions for using the drone.
B．The reason for applying for a patent.
C．The process of Max’s success.
D．The functions of the new drone.
38．Which of the following can best describe Max?
A．Considerate and brave.
B．Talented and creative.
C．Clever and honest.
D．Helpful and loyal.
参考答案
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸装置（SSD），这种装置可以重现触觉。
【详解】1.细节理解题。从文章第二段中“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (愈觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软的皮肤伸展装置（SSD），这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉装置。)和第六段中“It works like this:Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated 3D force sensors.If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. (它的工作原理是这样的: 想象你在家里，你打电话给你在澳大利亚的朋友。你戴着一个带SSD的触觉手套，你的朋友也戴着一个集成了3D力传感器的手套。如果你的朋友拿起一个物体，它会物理地压在你朋友的手指上。他们带有3D力传感器的手套将测量这些相互作用。)”可知，SSD可以使人们在虚拟环境中有触觉感受。故选C。
2.细节理解题。从文章最后一段中“The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios,allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.(这种触觉装置可以应用于各种场合，使用户能够感觉到虚拟世界内部或远处的物体。)”可知，新的触觉设备可以让用户以逼真的触摸方式感受远距离的物体。故选B。
3.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章依次介绍了现触觉技术的局限、新触觉设备的先进技术及其工作原理和应用，所以文章的主要目的是向读者介绍一种新发明。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段“Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line. Scientists are making this a reality.(视频通话是一种常见的现象，但你有没有想象过能够接触到电话另一端的人。科学家们正在使这一切成为现实。)”和第四段中“The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft,artificial“muscles”(研究小组引入了一种新方法，通过柔软的人造“肌肉”重建触觉。)”可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸装置，所以本文属于科学技术类文章，可以在报纸的科学版面上找到这篇文章。故选A。
5．C
6．D
7．A
8．C
【导语】本文是记叙文，文章主要讲了作者因为妈妈对烹饪有了更深刻的理解。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen,messing up her system, and making amess(她最不需要的就是我们在厨房里走来走去搞乱她的秩序，搞得一团糟。)”可知，小时候作者的妈妈不想让她和妹妹出现在厨房中。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sometimes, Featch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection with wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding(有时，我看到我妈妈带着好奇浏览我的食谱收藏，我看到她带有欣赏且理解地睁大了眼睛。)”可推知，作者的妈妈很赞同作者学习烹饪。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中“I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn’t right the first time, I’ll keep trying until it’s perfect. My Samosa(萨莫萨三角炸饺) recipe, for example, is testament (证明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some.I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. (我喜欢开发一个食谱，如果第一次不对，我会继续尝试，直到它完美。比如说，我的萨摩萨菜谱就是最好的证明。妈妈从来不喜欢做咖喱角：她认为做咖喱角是浪费时间，因为我们可以很容易地去买一些。我热衷于做出完美的咖喱角，并给她打电话——很多都是在半夜打的——直到我知道我有正确的配方和数量。)”可知，作者提到萨莫萨三角炸饺的例子是为了说明她对烹饪的热爱。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of(一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, am I still enjoying myself?(但是我妈妈笑着高兴地加了一小撮这个和一茶匙那个。她告诉我，我很幸运能够享受烹饪，并问我是否我对用量严格太要求，问我是否仍然很享受？)”可知，妈妈想要告诉作者的是：要想充分享受烹饪的乐趣，就不应该过分纠结配料的用量。故选C。
9．A
10．C
11．D
12．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了根据国际研究组织全球足迹网络的研究，由于新冠肺炎疫情封控，2020年资源消耗减少。然而，需要人类对生态资源的良好管理才能达到可持续发展。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.(2020年，由于新冠肺炎疫情的封锁，地球超载日是8月22日，比2019年7月29日晚了三周，这意味着人类消耗的资源比去年少。)”可知，2020年资源消耗减少，是由于新冠肺炎封锁。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。根据第五段“CEO of Global Footprint Network Laurel Hanscom adds, ‘Sustainability requires that both ecological balance and people’s well-being be ensured over the long-term, therefore this year’s sudden Ecological Footprint reduction cannot be mistaken for progress.’(全球足迹网络首席执行官劳蕾尔·汉斯科姆补充说：“可持续发展要求长期确保生态平衡和人们的福祉，因此今年突然减少的生态足迹不能被误认为是进步。”)”可知，在他看来，可持续发展要求长期确保生态平衡和人们的福祉，因此要警惕，对于今年突然减少的生态足迹不能被误认为是进步，由此可推知，他对这个数据的态度是谨慎的。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Reducing our overall carbon footprint by 50% would push the date back 93 days, cutting food waste in half, 13 days. And if we push the date back by 5 days each year, humanity would be using less than one planet before 2050.(将我们的整体碳足迹减少50%，将日期推迟93天，将食物浪费减少一半，即13天。如果我们将这一日期每年向后推5天，到2050年，人类将只使用不到一个地球。)”可知，如果人类总碳足迹减少50%，日期会推后93天，如果我们每年把这个日期推后五天，到2050年，人类会使用不到一个地球，由此可推知，对生态资源的良好管理有积极的影响。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.(2020年，由于新冠肺炎疫情的封锁，地球超载日是8月22日，比2019年7月29日晚了三周，这意味着人类消耗的资源比去年少。)”提出了文章的话题“由于新冠肺炎疫情封锁，2020年资源消耗比去年同期消耗数量减少”，并在后文对其原因和深远意义进行了讲述。因此，选项B“Using less resources in 2020 than last year.(2020年使用的资源比去年更少。)”贴合主题。故选B项。
13．B
14．D
15．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一个关于英格兰东部地区的旅游行程安排。
13．推理判断题。根据文章“Monday 8 August(8月8日星期一)”中的“Then to the private garden of The Old Vicarage(然后去老牧师公馆的私人花园)”和以及文章“Tuesday 9 August (8月9日星期二)”中的 “In the afternoon we’ll visit wonderful Elton Hall in Cambridgeshire for a tour of the private gardens with the head gardener and have free time to explore the formal gardens(下午，我们将参观剑桥郡的埃尔顿庄园，与园艺师一起参观私人花园，并有空闲时间探索正式的花园)”可知，周一和周二都有关于参观私人花园的安排。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“Wednesday 10 August(8月10日星期三)”中的“a talk and Q&A with our special guest Adam Frost(与我们的特别嘉宾亚当·弗罗斯特进行了对话和问答)”可知，8月10号安排了特别嘉宾Adam Frost的演讲及与他的问答互动环节。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“PLEASE NOTE(请注意)”中的“This is a busy itinerary involving a great amount of walking, with little or no access to assistance(这是一个繁忙的行程，包括大量的步行，很少或根本没有帮助)”可知，本次旅游会涉及大量的徒步行走，且几乎得不到任何帮助，想要报名的人必须能进行远距离行走。故选A。
16．A
17．C
18．C
19．A
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。虚拟偶像柳夜熙凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. (网友们对其故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果印象深刻。)”，第三段“Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. (柳在网上的迅速走红进一步反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展。)”可知，虚拟偶像柳夜熙的视频中的科幻元素，有助于视频的流行。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,’ Shine News noted. (‘与真实的偶像和明星相比，虚拟的偶像和明星对粉丝来说似乎更平易近人。’Shine News指出。)”可知，虚拟偶像比真实的偶像更容易接近。故选C项。
18．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,’ Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. (‘这些所谓的虚拟偶像有真实的人类团队来支持和控制他们。它们并不是真正的虚拟，’互联网领域的独立分析师丁道石告诉《环球时报》。)”可知，根据丁道石的话可知，目前的虚拟偶像其背后有真实的人类团体支持，因此他们的存在依赖于人类团体。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。通读全文，文章以柳夜熙为例，他凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.适合当本章标题。故选A项。
20．A
21．C
22．B
23．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母在帮助减少孩子焦虑方面的重要作用。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy. The other half received no therapy at all， but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.(一半的儿童每周接受12次认知行为治疗。另一半人根本没有接受任何治疗，但他们的父母每周接受12次治疗，指导他们如何应对孩子的焦虑)”可知两种治疗分别针对孩子和父母。故选A项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段的前三句“Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three.(父母治疗的重点是帮助父母减少他们的迁就行为，这些行为使焦虑更有可能发生。这些行为包括父母支持回避，过度安慰，改变环境以避免任何可能加剧焦虑的事情，包容强迫症行为(要么加入，要么为他们让路)。例如，如果一位家长每天收到来自一个焦虑的孩子的大量短信，这位家长就会逐渐减少他或她回复的短信数量，减少到2或3条。)”可知，父母减少回复信息的原因是为了要减少父母对孩子的迁就行为，以便于使孩子的焦虑更少（更不太可能）发生。故选C项。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. (最重要的是，在只有父母接受治疗的小组中，父母和孩子之间的关系更好。)” 可知，接受治疗的父母那一组，孩子的情况更好，因此可以推断，父母的恰当行为对于减少孩子焦虑更重要。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety. (即使没有孩子的参与，父母也有巨大的能力通过改变他们应对焦虑的方式来减少孩子的焦虑)” 可知，父母改变自己是关键。故选A项。
24．C
25．B
26．A
27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了娱乐大亨Phineas T Barnum的职业生涯。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“His enduring fame, however, is as a showman. Barnum considered this to be his main talent and he never changed this view of his character.(然而，他持久的名声是作为一名娱乐经理人。Barnum认为这是他的主要天赋，他从未改变对自己特点的看法)”可知，Barnum认为他作为娱乐经理人是最成功的。故选C项。
25．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Barnum was willing to adopt any tactic that publicized his businesses. His American Museum in New York included hoaxes and freaks, both human and animal. This was not unusual by the standards of the time, but even he felt the need to prove his hoaxes fair, as advertising tricks.(Barnum愿意采取任何宣传其业务的tactic 。他在纽约的美国博物馆收藏了人类和动物的恶作剧和怪物。以当时的标准来看，这并不罕见，但即使是他也觉得有必要证明自己的骗局是合理的，就像广告伎俩一样)”可知，Barnum愿意采用任何策略来宣传其业务，并证明其策略是合理的，推测划线单词表示“策略”，与strategy同义。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段“Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business. He opened America’s first aquarium and opened a theater in New York that was the largest and most modern in the city. He aimed to change the public knowledge of theaters, and in this, he largely succeeded. (Barnum的无限自信意味着他从不怀疑自己在任何业务上取得成功的能力。他开设了美国第一家水族馆，并在纽约开设了一家剧院，这是该市最大、最现代化的剧院。他旨在改变公众对戏剧的认知，并在这方面取得了很大的成功)”可知，作者提到Barnum在水族馆和剧院方面的成功，是为了展示Barnum对自己能力的坚定自信。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段“He excelled as a showman, and throughout his career in the entertainment business, he promoted many different forms of attractions.(作为一名娱乐经理人，他表现出色，在娱乐业的整个职业生涯中，他推广了许多不同形式的景点)”、第三段“He was, by nature, a risk-taker, and usually gained success from the most unlikely enterprises.(他天生就是一个冒险者，通常从最不可能的企业那里获得成功)”、第五段“Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business.(Barnum的无限自信意味着他从不怀疑自己在任何业务上取得成功的能力)”以及文章内容可知，Barnum在许多行业取得成功，并对自己的能力具备自信，所以Barnum及其事业是杰出的。故选D项。
28．D
29．C
30．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，分别介绍了欧洲最好的四个骑行度假胜地的特色，以供感兴趣的游客选择。
28．推理判断题。根据Girona,Spain部分“Girona’s old town itself is a beauty and with plenty of places serving great food and great coffee, there’s a certain magic to the place.（赫罗纳的老城本身就是一个美丽的地方，有很多地方提供美味的食物和咖啡，这里有一定的魔力。）”以及Algarve,Portugal部分“Away from the bike, there is also plenty of food to sink your teeth into and local wines to try.（除了自行车，这里还有很多食物可以让你尽情享用，还有当地的葡萄酒可以品尝。）”可知，这两个骑行度假胜地的共同特点是都提供美味的食物。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据Northern Scotland,UK部分“Particularly adventurous cyclists can take advantage of Scotland’s rules on wild camping（特别喜欢冒险的骑行者可以利用苏格兰关于野外露营的规定。）”可知，Northern Scotland,UK是喜欢冒险的人的最佳选择，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据Julian Alps,Slovenia部分“Slovenia is one of the relatively new kids on the block when it comes to European cycling getaways.（斯洛文尼亚是欧洲自行车之旅中相对较新的孩子之一。）”可知，斯洛文尼亚是欧洲自行车之旅中的新秀之一，历史较短，故选B。
31．B
32．D
33．A
34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过观察企鹅的数量来观测气候变化。
31．细节理解题。根据首句“Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health.”（研究南极洲气候变化的科学家们在研究企鹅，努力更好了解该地区的环境健康状态）可知，科学家的目的是为了解当地的环境条件，故选B项。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land.”（但是企鹅较之其他动物们易于跟踪的原因是因为他们居住在陆地上）和最后一句“Their black bodies and waste droppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.”（在该地区白色背景的映衬下，它们黑色的身体和排出的废物易于识别）可知，企鹅易于跟踪的原因是它们的定居习惯和体色。故选D项。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第三句“As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula, gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions.”（随着沿半岛两边的海里的冰减少，巴布亚企鹅似乎已经习惯了改变了的环境条件）可知，这种企鹅的适应性强.，故选A项。
34．词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing, they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge.”（他补充说不论何时研究人员看见海里的冰在减少或者消失时，他们也看见Adelie企鹅的数量 ）以及最后一句“Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent,researchers say.”(研究人员表示，尽管阿德利企鹅的数量总体上在增加，但一些数量下降了65%以上。)可知，这种企鹅受气候改变的影响，plunge应表示“暴跌”。故选C项。
35．A
36．C
37．D
38．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位14岁的少年设计用于救助心脏病人的无人机并因此获奖的故事。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段Max所说的话“So I played with it at home, and it got me thinking how a drone could be used as an indoor robot that could help people. (所以我在家里玩它，它让我思考如何将无人机用作室内机器人去帮助人们)”和第二段“Max believed a drone could offer faster support and life-saving medicine, but he had to build it himself to know for sure. (Max相信无人机可以提供更快的支持和救命的药物，但他必须自己制造出来才能确定)”可知，他的无人机是用来帮助心脏骤停的病人的，表明他很同情患有心脏病的人。故选A。
36．推理判断题。由第三段“Every time Max would create an exciting innovation, such as an extendable arm, it would add extra weight to his drone, causing it to break apart. Then Max would have to buy all new parts. Max tested using more lightweight materials until his design was more balanced. (每次Max创造一个令人兴奋的创新时，比如一个可伸展的机械臂，就会给他的无人机增加额外的重量，导致它摔碎。Max不得不买新的零件。Max使用更轻的材料进行测试，直到他的设计更加平衡)”可知，可伸展的机械臂会给无人机增加额外的重量导致它四分五裂。Max需要使用更轻的材料使他的设计更加平衡。由此可见，控制无人机的平衡是很重要的。故选C。
37．主旨大意题。通读第四段“Through trial and error, the 14-year-old boy finally got it right. His drone can open a door handle, fly in the air and then land softly on the ground. A new extendable arm can be released to administer a shot or hand a patient lifesaving medicine. A built-in camera could directly conference with an emergency response team whose members could monitor the patient remotely. (经过反复试验，这个14岁的男孩终于成功了。他的无人机可以打开门把手，在空中飞行，然后轻轻地降落在地面上。一种新型的可伸缩手臂可以被释放出来进行注射或递给病人救命的药物。内置摄像头可以直接与应急小组进行会议，其成员可以远程监控病人)”可知，本段的主要部分，即第二句到第四句都是介绍Max的无人机的功能。因此本段主要是关于无人机的功能。故选D。
38．推理判断题。由全文所说的Max自己设计救助心脏病人的无人机表明Max很有创造力，最后一段“He’s spent his summer learning about artificial intelligence at California’s Stanford University as one of 32 kids selected worldwide. He’ll head next to the University of Pennsylvania to take a college-level robotics class before returning to high school in September.(作为全球32名被选中的孩子之一，他整个夏天都在加州斯坦福大学学习人工智能。接下来，他将前往宾夕法尼亚大学学习大学水平的机器人课程，然后在9月份返回高中。)”说明Max在人工智能方面很有天赋，所以B选项“Talented and creative. (有天赋的并具有创造力的)”符合题意。故选B。
阅读理解
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line. Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (愈觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating: localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (振动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a touch pad in laptops, which simulates a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, leed author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin-it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch-and will enable new forms of haptic communication to improve everyday activities.”said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will produce the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various situations, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical (手术的) tools without touching them.
1．What can we learn about the SSD?
A．It takes the shape of a glove.
B．It mainly uses vibration technology.
C．It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
D．It is a soft electronic glove made of animal skins.
2．How could the new haptic device benefit people?
A．It could be used for recreating organ tissues.
B．Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
C．Doctors could perform surgeries from a distance.
D．It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
3．What’s the main purpose of the text?
A．To inform readers of a new invention.
B．To encourage the use of a new product.
C．To compare different kinds of existing haptic devices.
D．To introduce the development of haptic technology.
4．In which section of a newspaper can we find this text?
A．Science B．Education
C．Entertainment D．Health
My mother was from a generation of women in India who truly worked the “double shift”, but that did not mean that her responsıbilitaçs at home were in any way decreased. It’s one of the reasons I do not blame her for not being passionate about food the way I am, or not making cooking with my sister and me a priority. The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen, messing up her system, and making a mess.
I only started cooking for myself when I was homesick in England and the food of homeland and childhood made me feel closer to my family. Mom and I have very different styles of cooking. I have a huge collection of cookbooks and I love learning all about food that is unfamiliar to me. Mom’s cooking and her recipes came all down from her parents, a continuation of oral (口述的) traditions and culture. Sometimes, I catch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection with wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding.
I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn’t right the first time, I’ll keep trying until it’s perfect. My Samosa (萨莫萨三角炸饺) recipe, for example, is testament (证明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some. I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. When we cook together, I am constantly pestering (打扰) her for quantities she looks at me with amusement, as I am pulling my hair in frustration whose handful is that small handful referring to, Mother? But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of (一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, am I still enjoying myself?
My mom has taught me a lot about life and food. I am really grateful to her.
5．What was the author’s mom like when the author was young?
A．She didn’t get on with her kids.
B．She gave up her work to take care of her family.
C．She didn’t want her kids to be in the kitchen.
D．She often blamed her kids for being particular about food.
6．What can we infer about the author’s mom’s looking through cookbooks?
A．She wants to write her own cookbooks.
B．She hopes to improve traditional cooking.
C．She is doubtful about the author’s cooking style.
D．She appreciates the author’s cooking interest.
7．Why did the author mention samosas in the text?
A．To show her love of cooking.
B．To indicate they were her favorite food.
C．To express her appreciation for her mom.
D．To prove her mom was bad at making them.
8．What might the author’s mom agree with?
A．Cooking can make one calm down.
B．One should read cookbooks critically.
C．One shouldn’t be too serious about quantities while cooking.
D．It’s not a good idea to invølve too many cooks in cooking.
Earth Overshoot Day marks the date when humanity has used up nature’s annual resources. In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.
According to research conducted by Global Footprint Network, an international research organization, COVID-19- related lockdowns resulted in a 9.3% reduction in humanity’s ecological footprint compared with the same period last year.
However, we would still need 1.6 Earths to keep up with our current use of ecological resources.
While Mathis Wackernagel, president of Global Footprint Network, called this year’s data “encouraging,” he called for further progress to be made “by design, not by disaster.”
CEO of Global Footprint Network Laurel Hanscom adds, “Sustainability requires that both ecological balance and people’s well-being be ensured over the long-term, therefore this year’s sudden Ecological Footprint reduction cannot be mistaken for progress.”
According to the research, Australia used up its resources in the first half year during its 2019/ 2020 forest fire season.
Wackernagel says, “We’re using up the future to pay for the present. We’ve only got one planet and that’s not going to change.”
The research organization says that sustainability of a society depends on the sound management of ecological resources. To do this, we need to change the way we produce our food, we move around, how many children we have and how much land we protect for wildlife. Reducing our overall carbon footprint by 50% would push the date back 93 days, cutting food waste in half, 13 days. And if we push the date back by 5 days each year, humanity would be using less than one planet before 2050.
9．What led to less resource consumption in 2020?
A．COVID-19 lockdowns. B．Improved awareness.
C．The forest fire season. D．Sound management of ecology.
10．What is Laurel Hanscom’s attitude towards this year’s data?
A．Negative. B．Critical.
C．Cautious. D．Positive.
11．What can we learn from the figures of the last paragraph?
A．We have reduced carbon footprint by 50%.
B．The more children we have, the wealthier our life are.
C．The way we travel around doesn’t make any difference.
D．Good management of natural resources has a positive effect.
12．What’s the best title for this text?
A．To reduce carbon footprint of food.
B．Using less resources in 2020 than last year.
C．To encourage humans to use resources slowly.
D．COVID-19 lockdown being good for development.
East of England tour
Tour itinerary(行程)
Sunday 7 August:Check into our three-star hotel for the trip, Bamsdale Lodge, near Rutland Water.Enjoy a welcome dinner and talk by BBC Gardeners’World magazine Associate Editor, David Hurrion.Monday 8 August: First to Cottesbrooke Hall & Gardens in Northamptonshire for a gardener-led tour,plus lunch. Then to the private garden of The Old Vicarage, Burley, where owner Sandra Blaza will share her gardening passion. Later, enjoy a welcome drink, dinner and a talk by Nick Hamilton, owner of Barnsdale Gardens.
Tuesday 9 August: Bamsdale Gardens consisting of 37 gardens in many styles offer inspiration for all.Nick Hamilton will be on hand to show you round. In the afternoon we’ll visit wonderful Elton Hall in Cambridgeshire for a tour of the private gardens with the head gardener and have free time to explore the formal gardens. We’ll have dinner at the hotel.
Wednesday 10 August: Boughton House, Northamptonshire, will open exclusively(专门地) for us,starting with a two- course lunch, and a talk and Q&A with our special guest Adam Frost. After lunch,we’ll take a tour of the gardens with the head gardener.
PLEASE NOTE: Thus is a busy itinerary involving a great amount of walking, with little or no access to assistance. Please bear this in mind when booking this tour.
13．What do tour itineraries of Monday and Tuesday have in common?
A．They both provide dinner at the hotel.
B．They both include a tour of the private garden.
C．They both include a guided tour by Nick Hamilton.
D．They both offer free time to explore the formal gardens.
14．When will the tourists be entertained by Adam Frost?
A．On August 7. B．On August8.
C．On August9. D．On August 10.
15．What is required of potential tourists?
A．They are able to walk long distances.
B．They should book the tour in person.
C．They must bring their own travel tools.
D．They have a good knowledge of gardening.
Liu Yexi has taken Douyin by storm. As of Nov. 17, the virtual idol, who appeared on the social media platform on Oct. 31, had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers. Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. In her first video, Liu is doing makeup with an eye brush while dressed in a traditional Chinese costume. When she turns around, the onlookers are terrified, except one boy. Then Liu slightly brushes the boys eyes, allowing him to see the fantasy world in her own eyes.
The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. Liang Zikang, the CEO of the production team, told China Newsweek that the team spent two months making the video.
Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. There are over 32,400 virtual idols that have opened accounts on video-sharing platform Bilibili in the past year, seeing a year-on-year rise of 40 percent, Chen Rui, the CEO of Bilibili, said in a speech.
“Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,” Shine News noted. Additionally, these virtual web celebrities won't have scandals.
As more young people are fascinated by these virtual figures, their commercial value has been on the rise. Generally, they earn money by endorsements (代言), online concerts, livestreaming and related products. For example, Luo Tianyi, a well-known virtual singer, cooperated with livestreamer Li Jiaqi to promote goods in 2020.
Therefore, some people are wondering whether they will replace real humans. “These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,” Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.
16．Which of the following contributes to the popularity of Liu Yexis video?
A．The video involves sci-fi elements.
B．The video features funny visual effects.
C．The video teaches useful makeup skills.
D．The video tells a traditional Chinese story.
17．Which is an advantage virtual idols have over real idols?
A．They can attract more followers.
B．They have higher commercial value.
C．They can be approached more easily.
D．They are equipped with better talents.
18．What do we know about the current virtual idols according to Ding?
A．They can interact with each other.
B．They will replace human idols soon.
C．They are dependent on human teams.
D．They can learn and train by themselves.
19．Which is the best title for the text?
A．Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.
B．People raise concern about virtual idols.
C．AI technology has made a new breakthrough.
D．Social media platforms are gaining popularity.
Recently, researchers at Yale did a groundbreaking study that found that parents had enormous power to reduce their child’s anxiety,even if the child didn’t do anything different.
The study involved 124 parents and their children, aged 7 to 14, who had been diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive(认知的)behaviour therapy(治疗). The other half received no therapy at all，but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.
Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive(强迫症)behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three. Parents of children who were refusing or avoiding school because of anxiety-driven stomachaches were taught to respond with something like,“I know you are feeling upset right now, and I know you will be okay,”before sending the child to school.
The results were remarkable. Children in both groups showed the same reduction in anxiety, regardless of whether they or their parents received suggestions. On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. If you have stood with a child during anxiety,you would probably be way too aware of the sense of helplessness that can swamp them. When anxiety lays a heavy hand, it can understandably be tough for our children to open up to doing something different. What this research is telling us is that we don’t need them to. Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety.
20．What are the two therapies intended for?
A．One for children and one for parents.
B．Both for children’s cognitive behaviour.
C．Both for parents’ anxiety and behaviour.
D．Both for children with anxiety and bad deeds.
21．Why should parents reduce sent-back messages when receiving so many?
A．To let experts give some advice.
B．To show their ignorance to them.
C．To reduce the children’s anxiety.
D．To give children too much comfort.
22．What does the result of the research show to us?
A．Children’s ways to deal with anxiety are vital.
B．Parents’ proper behaviors are more important.
C．Children’s cognitive behaviors should be guided.
D．Children are short of experience in treating anxiety.
23．What should a parent do in treating children’s anxiety?
A．Change himself. B．Give advice quickly.
C．Take them to doctors. D．Get into their behaviors.
Phineas T Barnum is the best-known circus business owner of the nineteenth century. He excelled as a showman, and throughout his career in the entertainment business, he promoted many different forms of attractions.
Barnum’s first industry was as a newspaper owner. He also worked as a writer and publisher. His enduring fame, however, is as a showman. Barnum considered this to be his main talent and he never changed this view of his character.
T. Barnum’s entertainment interests covered museums, traveling dance troupes (团), and even the mid-century US tour by Jenny Lind, the Swedish singer. He was, by nature, a risk-taker, and usually gained success from the most unlikely enterprises.
Barnum was willing to adopt any tactic that publicized his businesses. His American Museum in New York included hoaxes and freaks (恶作剧和怪物), both human and animal. This was not unusual by the standards of the time, but even he felt the need to prove his hoaxes fair, as advertising tricks.
Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business. He opened America’s first aquarium (水馆) and opened a theater in New York that was the largest and most modern in the city. He aimed to change the public knowledge of theaters, and in this, he largely succeeded. He made theater-going respectable.
Determination and hard work featured majorly in the qualities that Barnum displayed, and he frequently spoke about the necessity of both. He believed success only came to those who worked for it and knew they had the self-determination necessary. He also stated the necessity of understanding the business that a person was running. Knowledge and experience counted for much in Barnum’s life, and he certainly knew the entertainment business.
Success in life, according to Barnum, could only be achieved when a person is in good health. He advised that getting healthy and maintaining a healthy body and mind would lead to happiness as well as success.
24．What did Barnum think was his most successful career?
A．A writer. B．A publisher.
C．A showman. D．A newspaper owner.
25．What does the underlined word “tactic” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Media. B．Strategy. C．Support. D．Opportunity.
26．Why does the author mention Barnum’s success in opening the aquarium and theater?
A．To show Barnum’s firm beliefs in his own capacity.
B．To tell us chances are important for any business.
C．To explain what kind of business was successful.
D．To indicate how bad people’s life was at that time.
27．Which of the following can best describe Barnum and his business?
A．Eventful. B．Adventurous. C．Unsteady. D．Outstanding.
Best Cycling Holiday Destinations In Europe
Girona,Spain
Girona is surrounded by fantastic and easily accessible cycle routes that pretty much offer any riding you would ever need or want. The relatively traffic-free roads mean that there is little trouble in getting out of the town and into the hills. Girona’s old town itself is a beauty and with plenty of places serving great food and great coffee, there’s a certain magic to the place.
Algarve,Portugal
Portugal is a cycling destination that has grown in popularity thanks to the large variety of roads in the country. It is not too dissimilar to what you’ll find in the most popular cycling regions,but Portugal just feels that little bit less main stream. Away from the bike, there is also plenty of food to sink your teeth into and local wines to try.
Northern Scotland,UK
One of the best places to tour in all of Europe is in fact Scotland. Particularly adventurous cyclists can take advantage of Scotland’s rules on wild camping-Scottish law allows members of the public the right to roam(漫游)，while English law does not. It’s a totally liberating way to explore a place and Scotland might just be one of the best ones to do it due to the beautiful scenery and rural landscapes.
Julian Alps,Slovenia
Slovenia is one of the relatively new kids on the block when it comes to European cycling getaways. A great destination for mountain bikers and road cyclists alike, the country has plenty of brilliant off-road routes and rideable,tricky roads that take you high up into the Julian Alps. It’s no surprise once you’ve ridden here that the country punches well above its weight in terms of producing world class bike racers.
28．What do the first two destinations have in common?
A．They supply local wines for visitors.
B．They are completely traffic free.
C．They have fewer riding routes.
D．They serve delicious food.
29．Which of the following is your best choice if you love adventure?
A．Algarve,Portugal.
B．Girona,Spain.
C．Northern Scotland,UK.
D．Julian Alps,Slovenia.
30．What do we know about Julian Alps, Slovenia?
A．It produces brilliant mountain climbers.
B．It has a short cycling history.
C．It welcomes wild campers.
D．It is known for rural landscapes.
Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health. The scientists are measuring the growth and development of the penguin population on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula.“We are counting penguin nests to understand how many penguins are in a colony, producing young every year, and whether that number is going up or down with the environmental conditions,“ said Alex Borowicz. He is an ecology researcher at New York’s Stony Brook University.
The work is not easy for climate researchers in the icy,faraway reaches of Antarctica. But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land. Their black bodies and wastedroppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.
Michael Wethington,another researcher from Stony Brook,told Reuters the penguin population can represent overall climate conditions and the health of the area’s whole ecosystem.The researchers say countsof individual penguins can be combined with data from satellite images to get a more complete picture of how the animals are progressing.
Gentoo penguins-with bright orange beaks and white markings on their heads-prefer open water without broken pieces of ice floating around. So when temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula began rising during the latter half of the 20th century,gentoo populations moved south.Gentoo penguins don’t like sea ice. They mostly forage(觅食)over the continental shelf and don＇t go far out to sea. As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula,gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions. But those same conditions have been worse for the Adelie penguin species. This is because the Adelies depend on sea ice for feeding and reproduction.
“When we find Adelie penguins, we typically know that sea ice is nearby,”Stony Brook’s Wethington said. He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing,they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge.Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent,researchers say.
31．Why do scientists studying climate change in Antarctica study penguins?
A．To offer them better protection.
B．To learn more about the conditions of Antarctica.
C．To find out about the penguin population.
D．To have a clearer idea of their living habits.
32．What makes penguins easier to follow than other kinds of animals?
A．Their various species.
B．Their unusual hunting ways.
C．Their unique eating habits.
D．Their nesting habit and body color.
33．What can be inferred about gentoo penguins from paragraph 4?
A．They are quite adaptive.
B．They are in great danger.
C．They tend to hunt far out to sea.
D．They have a preference for sea ice.
34．What does the underlined word “plunge” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Rise steadily.
B．Swing violently.
C．Drop sharply.
D．Grow swiftly.
Max Du won the Canada-Wide Science Fair. His project is a drone (无人机) to save people who go into cardiac (心脏的) arrest. Max got the inspiration during Christmas break last year. “I got a toy drone from my parents, but I couldn’t fly it because it is snowy.” Max said. “So I played with it at home, and it got me thinking how a drone could be used as an indoor robot that could help people.”
About 35, 000 people have cardiac arrests in Canada each year. Most of those happen outside of a hospital, of whom fewer than 10 percent survive. Max believed a drone could offer faster support and life-saving medicine, but he had to build it himself to know for sure.
Testing his drone took about six months. Max’s parents had to deal with their son’s constantly flying and crashing in the home. Every time Max would create an exciting innovation, such as an extendable arm, it would add extra weight to his drone, causing it to break apart. Then Max would have to buy all new parts. Max tested using more lightweight materials until his design was more balanced.
Through trial and error, the 14-year-old boy finally got it right. His drone can open a door handle, fly in the air and then land softly on the ground. A new extendable arm can be released to administer a shot or hand a patient lifesaving medicine. A built-in camera could directly conference with an emergency response team whose members could monitor the patient remotely.
Max plans on applying for a patent (专利) so he can make connections in the health-care industry to get it made for real. He’s spent his summer learning about artificial intelligence at California’s Stanford University as one of 32 kids selected worldwide. He’ll head next to the University of Pennsylvania to take a college-level robotics class before returning to high school in September.
35．Why did Max Du design a drone by himself?
A．He had sympathy for those with heart attacks.
B．He had nothing to do in Christmas holidays.
C．He wanted use it to help his parents.
D．He tried to make it fly in the snow.
36．What can we learn from paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Most of the people with cardiac arrests in Canada can survive.
B．Max’s parents were unwilling to help during his drone design.
C．It’s very important to control the balance of the drone.
D．Max’s design of the extendable arm is very smooth.
37．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．The instructions for using the drone.
B．The reason for applying for a patent.
C．The process of Max’s success.
D．The functions of the new drone.
38．Which of the following can best describe Max?
A．Considerate and brave.
B．Talented and creative.
C．Clever and honest.
D．Helpful and loyal.
参考答案
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸装置（SSD），这种装置可以重现触觉。
【详解】1.细节理解题。从文章第二段中“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (愈觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软的皮肤伸展装置（SSD），这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉装置。)和第六段中“It works like this:Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated 3D force sensors.If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. (它的工作原理是这样的: 想象你在家里，你打电话给你在澳大利亚的朋友。你戴着一个带SSD的触觉手套，你的朋友也戴着一个集成了3D力传感器的手套。如果你的朋友拿起一个物体，它会物理地压在你朋友的手指上。他们带有3D力传感器的手套将测量这些相互作用。)”可知，SSD可以使人们在虚拟环境中有触觉感受。故选C。
2.细节理解题。从文章最后一段中“The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios,allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.(这种触觉装置可以应用于各种场合，使用户能够感觉到虚拟世界内部或远处的物体。)”可知，新的触觉设备可以让用户以逼真的触摸方式感受远距离的物体。故选B。
3.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章依次介绍了现触觉技术的局限、新触觉设备的先进技术及其工作原理和应用，所以文章的主要目的是向读者介绍一种新发明。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段“Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line. Scientists are making this a reality.(视频通话是一种常见的现象，但你有没有想象过能够接触到电话另一端的人。科学家们正在使这一切成为现实。)”和第四段中“The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft,artificial“muscles”(研究小组引入了一种新方法，通过柔软的人造“肌肉”重建触觉。)”可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸装置，所以本文属于科学技术类文章，可以在报纸的科学版面上找到这篇文章。故选A。
5．C
6．D
7．A
8．C
【导语】本文是记叙文，文章主要讲了作者因为妈妈对烹饪有了更深刻的理解。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen,messing up her system, and making amess(她最不需要的就是我们在厨房里走来走去搞乱她的秩序，搞得一团糟。)”可知，小时候作者的妈妈不想让她和妹妹出现在厨房中。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sometimes, Featch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection with wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding(有时，我看到我妈妈带着好奇浏览我的食谱收藏，我看到她带有欣赏且理解地睁大了眼睛。)”可推知，作者的妈妈很赞同作者学习烹饪。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中“I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn’t right the first time, I’ll keep trying until it’s perfect. My Samosa(萨莫萨三角炸饺) recipe, for example, is testament (证明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some.I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. (我喜欢开发一个食谱，如果第一次不对，我会继续尝试，直到它完美。比如说，我的萨摩萨菜谱就是最好的证明。妈妈从来不喜欢做咖喱角：她认为做咖喱角是浪费时间，因为我们可以很容易地去买一些。我热衷于做出完美的咖喱角，并给她打电话——很多都是在半夜打的——直到我知道我有正确的配方和数量。)”可知，作者提到萨莫萨三角炸饺的例子是为了说明她对烹饪的热爱。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of(一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, am I still enjoying myself?(但是我妈妈笑着高兴地加了一小撮这个和一茶匙那个。她告诉我，我很幸运能够享受烹饪，并问我是否我对用量严格太要求，问我是否仍然很享受？)”可知，妈妈想要告诉作者的是：要想充分享受烹饪的乐趣，就不应该过分纠结配料的用量。故选C。
9．A
10．C
11．D
12．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了根据国际研究组织全球足迹网络的研究，由于新冠肺炎疫情封控，2020年资源消耗减少。然而，需要人类对生态资源的良好管理才能达到可持续发展。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.(2020年，由于新冠肺炎疫情的封锁，地球超载日是8月22日，比2019年7月29日晚了三周，这意味着人类消耗的资源比去年少。)”可知，2020年资源消耗减少，是由于新冠肺炎封锁。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。根据第五段“CEO of Global Footprint Network Laurel Hanscom adds, ‘Sustainability requires that both ecological balance and people’s well-being be ensured over the long-term, therefore this year’s sudden Ecological Footprint reduction cannot be mistaken for progress.’(全球足迹网络首席执行官劳蕾尔·汉斯科姆补充说：“可持续发展要求长期确保生态平衡和人们的福祉，因此今年突然减少的生态足迹不能被误认为是进步。”)”可知，在他看来，可持续发展要求长期确保生态平衡和人们的福祉，因此要警惕，对于今年突然减少的生态足迹不能被误认为是进步，由此可推知，他对这个数据的态度是谨慎的。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Reducing our overall carbon footprint by 50% would push the date back 93 days, cutting food waste in half, 13 days. And if we push the date back by 5 days each year, humanity would be using less than one planet before 2050.(将我们的整体碳足迹减少50%，将日期推迟93天，将食物浪费减少一半，即13天。如果我们将这一日期每年向后推5天，到2050年，人类将只使用不到一个地球。)”可知，如果人类总碳足迹减少50%，日期会推后93天，如果我们每年把这个日期推后五天，到2050年，人类会使用不到一个地球，由此可推知，对生态资源的良好管理有积极的影响。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.(2020年，由于新冠肺炎疫情的封锁，地球超载日是8月22日，比2019年7月29日晚了三周，这意味着人类消耗的资源比去年少。)”提出了文章的话题“由于新冠肺炎疫情封锁，2020年资源消耗比去年同期消耗数量减少”，并在后文对其原因和深远意义进行了讲述。因此，选项B“Using less resources in 2020 than last year.(2020年使用的资源比去年更少。)”贴合主题。故选B项。
13．B
14．D
15．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一个关于英格兰东部地区的旅游行程安排。
13．推理判断题。根据文章“Monday 8 August(8月8日星期一)”中的“Then to the private garden of The Old Vicarage(然后去老牧师公馆的私人花园)”和以及文章“Tuesday 9 August (8月9日星期二)”中的 “In the afternoon we’ll visit wonderful Elton Hall in Cambridgeshire for a tour of the private gardens with the head gardener and have free time to explore the formal gardens(下午，我们将参观剑桥郡的埃尔顿庄园，与园艺师一起参观私人花园，并有空闲时间探索正式的花园)”可知，周一和周二都有关于参观私人花园的安排。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“Wednesday 10 August(8月10日星期三)”中的“a talk and Q&A with our special guest Adam Frost(与我们的特别嘉宾亚当·弗罗斯特进行了对话和问答)”可知，8月10号安排了特别嘉宾Adam Frost的演讲及与他的问答互动环节。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“PLEASE NOTE(请注意)”中的“This is a busy itinerary involving a great amount of walking, with little or no access to assistance(这是一个繁忙的行程，包括大量的步行，很少或根本没有帮助)”可知，本次旅游会涉及大量的徒步行走，且几乎得不到任何帮助，想要报名的人必须能进行远距离行走。故选A。
16．A
17．C
18．C
19．A
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。虚拟偶像柳夜熙凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. (网友们对其故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果印象深刻。)”，第三段“Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. (柳在网上的迅速走红进一步反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展。)”可知，虚拟偶像柳夜熙的视频中的科幻元素，有助于视频的流行。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,’ Shine News noted. (‘与真实的偶像和明星相比，虚拟的偶像和明星对粉丝来说似乎更平易近人。’Shine News指出。)”可知，虚拟偶像比真实的偶像更容易接近。故选C项。
18．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,’ Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. (‘这些所谓的虚拟偶像有真实的人类团队来支持和控制他们。它们并不是真正的虚拟，’互联网领域的独立分析师丁道石告诉《环球时报》。)”可知，根据丁道石的话可知，目前的虚拟偶像其背后有真实的人类团体支持，因此他们的存在依赖于人类团体。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。通读全文，文章以柳夜熙为例，他凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.适合当本章标题。故选A项。
20．A
21．C
22．B
23．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母在帮助减少孩子焦虑方面的重要作用。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy. The other half received no therapy at all， but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.(一半的儿童每周接受12次认知行为治疗。另一半人根本没有接受任何治疗，但他们的父母每周接受12次治疗，指导他们如何应对孩子的焦虑)”可知两种治疗分别针对孩子和父母。故选A项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段的前三句“Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three.(父母治疗的重点是帮助父母减少他们的迁就行为，这些行为使焦虑更有可能发生。这些行为包括父母支持回避，过度安慰，改变环境以避免任何可能加剧焦虑的事情，包容强迫症行为(要么加入，要么为他们让路)。例如，如果一位家长每天收到来自一个焦虑的孩子的大量短信，这位家长就会逐渐减少他或她回复的短信数量，减少到2或3条。)”可知，父母减少回复信息的原因是为了要减少父母对孩子的迁就行为，以便于使孩子的焦虑更少（更不太可能）发生。故选C项。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. (最重要的是，在只有父母接受治疗的小组中，父母和孩子之间的关系更好。)” 可知，接受治疗的父母那一组，孩子的情况更好，因此可以推断，父母的恰当行为对于减少孩子焦虑更重要。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety. (即使没有孩子的参与，父母也有巨大的能力通过改变他们应对焦虑的方式来减少孩子的焦虑)” 可知，父母改变自己是关键。故选A项。
24．C
25．B
26．A
27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了娱乐大亨Phineas T Barnum的职业生涯。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“His enduring fame, however, is as a showman. Barnum considered this to be his main talent and he never changed this view of his character.(然而，他持久的名声是作为一名娱乐经理人。Barnum认为这是他的主要天赋，他从未改变对自己特点的看法)”可知，Barnum认为他作为娱乐经理人是最成功的。故选C项。
25．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Barnum was willing to adopt any tactic that publicized his businesses. His American Museum in New York included hoaxes and freaks, both human and animal. This was not unusual by the standards of the time, but even he felt the need to prove his hoaxes fair, as advertising tricks.(Barnum愿意采取任何宣传其业务的tactic 。他在纽约的美国博物馆收藏了人类和动物的恶作剧和怪物。以当时的标准来看，这并不罕见，但即使是他也觉得有必要证明自己的骗局是合理的，就像广告伎俩一样)”可知，Barnum愿意采用任何策略来宣传其业务，并证明其策略是合理的，推测划线单词表示“策略”，与strategy同义。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段“Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business. He opened America’s first aquarium and opened a theater in New York that was the largest and most modern in the city. He aimed to change the public knowledge of theaters, and in this, he largely succeeded. (Barnum的无限自信意味着他从不怀疑自己在任何业务上取得成功的能力。他开设了美国第一家水族馆，并在纽约开设了一家剧院，这是该市最大、最现代化的剧院。他旨在改变公众对戏剧的认知，并在这方面取得了很大的成功)”可知，作者提到Barnum在水族馆和剧院方面的成功，是为了展示Barnum对自己能力的坚定自信。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段“He excelled as a showman, and throughout his career in the entertainment business, he promoted many different forms of attractions.(作为一名娱乐经理人，他表现出色，在娱乐业的整个职业生涯中，他推广了许多不同形式的景点)”、第三段“He was, by nature, a risk-taker, and usually gained success from the most unlikely enterprises.(他天生就是一个冒险者，通常从最不可能的企业那里获得成功)”、第五段“Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business.(Barnum的无限自信意味着他从不怀疑自己在任何业务上取得成功的能力)”以及文章内容可知，Barnum在许多行业取得成功，并对自己的能力具备自信，所以Barnum及其事业是杰出的。故选D项。
28．D
29．C
30．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，分别介绍了欧洲最好的四个骑行度假胜地的特色，以供感兴趣的游客选择。
28．推理判断题。根据Girona,Spain部分“Girona’s old town itself is a beauty and with plenty of places serving great food and great coffee, there’s a certain magic to the place.（赫罗纳的老城本身就是一个美丽的地方，有很多地方提供美味的食物和咖啡，这里有一定的魔力。）”以及Algarve,Portugal部分“Away from the bike, there is also plenty of food to sink your teeth into and local wines to try.（除了自行车，这里还有很多食物可以让你尽情享用，还有当地的葡萄酒可以品尝。）”可知，这两个骑行度假胜地的共同特点是都提供美味的食物。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据Northern Scotland,UK部分“Particularly adventurous cyclists can take advantage of Scotland’s rules on wild camping（特别喜欢冒险的骑行者可以利用苏格兰关于野外露营的规定。）”可知，Northern Scotland,UK是喜欢冒险的人的最佳选择，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据Julian Alps,Slovenia部分“Slovenia is one of the relatively new kids on the block when it comes to European cycling getaways.（斯洛文尼亚是欧洲自行车之旅中相对较新的孩子之一。）”可知，斯洛文尼亚是欧洲自行车之旅中的新秀之一，历史较短，故选B。
31．B
32．D
33．A
34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过观察企鹅的数量来观测气候变化。
31．细节理解题。根据首句“Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health.”（研究南极洲气候变化的科学家们在研究企鹅，努力更好了解该地区的环境健康状态）可知，科学家的目的是为了解当地的环境条件，故选B项。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land.”（但是企鹅较之其他动物们易于跟踪的原因是因为他们居住在陆地上）和最后一句“Their black bodies and waste droppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.”（在该地区白色背景的映衬下，它们黑色的身体和排出的废物易于识别）可知，企鹅易于跟踪的原因是它们的定居习惯和体色。故选D项。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第三句“As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula, gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions.”（随着沿半岛两边的海里的冰减少，巴布亚企鹅似乎已经习惯了改变了的环境条件）可知，这种企鹅的适应性强.，故选A项。
34．词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing, they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge.”（他补充说不论何时研究人员看见海里的冰在减少或者消失时，他们也看见Adelie企鹅的数量 ）以及最后一句“Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent,researchers say.”(研究人员表示，尽管阿德利企鹅的数量总体上在增加，但一些数量下降了65%以上。)可知，这种企鹅受气候改变的影响，plunge应表示“暴跌”。故选C项。
35．A
36．C
37．D
38．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位14岁的少年设计用于救助心脏病人的无人机并因此获奖的故事。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段Max所说的话“So I played with it at home, and it got me thinking how a drone could be used as an indoor robot that could help people. (所以我在家里玩它，它让我思考如何将无人机用作室内机器人去帮助人们)”和第二段“Max believed a drone could offer faster support and life-saving medicine, but he had to build it himself to know for sure. (Max相信无人机可以提供更快的支持和救命的药物，但他必须自己制造出来才能确定)”可知，他的无人机是用来帮助心脏骤停的病人的，表明他很同情患有心脏病的人。故选A。
36．推理判断题。由第三段“Every time Max would create an exciting innovation, such as an extendable arm, it would add extra weight to his drone, causing it to break apart. Then Max would have to buy all new parts. Max tested using more lightweight materials until his design was more balanced. (每次Max创造一个令人兴奋的创新时，比如一个可伸展的机械臂，就会给他的无人机增加额外的重量，导致它摔碎。Max不得不买新的零件。Max使用更轻的材料进行测试，直到他的设计更加平衡)”可知，可伸展的机械臂会给无人机增加额外的重量导致它四分五裂。Max需要使用更轻的材料使他的设计更加平衡。由此可见，控制无人机的平衡是很重要的。故选C。
37．主旨大意题。通读第四段“Through trial and error, the 14-year-old boy finally got it right. His drone can open a door handle, fly in the air and then land softly on the ground. A new extendable arm can be released to administer a shot or hand a patient lifesaving medicine. A built-in camera could directly conference with an emergency response team whose members could monitor the patient remotely. (经过反复试验，这个14岁的男孩终于成功了。他的无人机可以打开门把手，在空中飞行，然后轻轻地降落在地面上。一种新型的可伸缩手臂可以被释放出来进行注射或递给病人救命的药物。内置摄像头可以直接与应急小组进行会议，其成员可以远程监控病人)”可知，本段的主要部分，即第二句到第四句都是介绍Max的无人机的功能。因此本段主要是关于无人机的功能。故选D。
38．推理判断题。由全文所说的Max自己设计救助心脏病人的无人机表明Max很有创造力，最后一段“He’s spent his summer learning about artificial intelligence at California’s Stanford University as one of 32 kids selected worldwide. He’ll head next to the University of Pennsylvania to take a college-level robotics class before returning to high school in September.(作为全球32名被选中的孩子之一，他整个夏天都在加州斯坦福大学学习人工智能。接下来，他将前往宾夕法尼亚大学学习大学水平的机器人课程，然后在9月份返回高中。)”说明Max在人工智能方面很有天赋，所以B选项“Talented and creative. (有天赋的并具有创造力的)”符合题意。故选B。
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